初一短文

第一篇：初一短文

本文包含两篇文言文，表现的都是古人对大自然的探索。《夸父逐日》是我国最早的神话之一。文中巨人夸父敢于与太阳赛跑，最终口渴而死，他的手杖化为桃林。这个奇妙的神话表现了夸父无比的英雄气概，反映了古代人民勇于探索，敢于征服大自然的强烈愿望和顽强意志。《两小儿辩日》是选自《列子》的一则短文，写两小儿为太阳的离人远近争论不休，博学多识的孔子竟也无法决断的故事，以此说明人懂得的东西总是有限的，而知识却无穷尽，同时，还反映了古人为认识自然、探求客观事物而独立思考、大胆质疑的精神。

学习时，要先借助工具书及文下的注释疏通字词，弄清文义，再进一步反复诵读，深入思考，把握神话故事的表现手法，及两则短文给予我们的启迪。另外，学习《夸父逐日》，还要注意体会其言简意丰、想像奇特的特点;学习《两小儿辩日》，要注意领悟其用对话表达人物情态性格、以及在对话中直接引用和间接引用语言交错使用的灵活写法。

[典题例析]

例题

一、你对夸父追日的行为有什么看法?

解析：表面看来，夸父追日的行为是以失败告终，但上古时代的神话是人类用来表达征服自然愿望的一种手段，此类神话的着眼点并不在于最终的成败，而是以此来表现那种勇于探索、不怕牺牲、造福人类的可贵精神，解答时可从此入手分析。

参考答案：夸父是一个古代神话英雄，他不向自然屈服，敢于和自然斗争，甚至为此献身，更令人感动的是，死后，他的手杖，还要化成一片桃林，将顽强的生命延续下去。

例题

二、从两小儿辩日的故事中，你得到了什么启示?

解析：本题可从多角度思考，①从“孔子不能决”的角度，可说明人的认识是有限的，而知识却是无穷尽的;还可说明孔子能正确对待小儿的问题，能实事求是，表现其“知之为知之，不知为不知”的学者风范;②从“两小儿”“辩斗”的角度，可认识到两小儿喜爱探索，精神可嘉，还可认识到两小儿认识事物的角度不同，标准不同，结果就不一致。

参考答案：略。言之有理即可。

[课时训练]

训练一

一、阅读下面的文章，完成文后1-6题。

夸父与日逐走，入日;，;河、渭不足，北饮大泽。未至，道渴而死。弃其杖，化为邓林。

1.补充文中空白处。

2.解释下列加点的词语。

⑴与日逐走()⑵河渭不足()⑶北饮大泽()⑷弃其杖()

3.翻译下列句子。

⑴夸父与日逐走，入日

⑵未至，道渴而死

⑶弃其杖，化为邓林

4.对于夸父临死时弃其杖，化为邓林(桃林)这个情节，你有何感想?

答：

5.从《夸父逐日》这个古代神话中，你了解到我国古代劳动人民怎样的思想和精神? 答：

6.你认为夸父逐日以至于丧了命，这样做值得吗?请简述理由。

答：

二、阅读下面的文章，完成文后7-12题。

三人成虎

庞恭与太子质()于邯郸，谓魏王曰：“今一人言市有虎，王信()之乎?”曰：“不信。”“二人言市有虎，王信之乎?”曰：“不信。”“三人言市有虎，王信之乎?”王曰：“寡人信之。” 庞恭曰：“夫市之无虎也，明矣，然三人言而成虎。今邯郸之去()魏也远于市，议臣者过于三人，愿王察()之。” 庞恭从邯郸反，竟不得见()。

7.找出文中的一个通假字： 通，意思为。

8.在文中括号内解释文中加点字的意思。

9.由文中的故事，后人概括出一个成语：，它比喻。

10.庞恭对魏王讲“三人成虎”的故事有何用意?

答：

11.庞恭从邯郸返回，得不到召见的原因是什么?

答：

12.学习本文对你有什么启示?

答：

训练二

一、阅读下面的文章，完成文后1-7题。

两小儿辩日《列子》

孔子东游，见两小儿辩斗。问其故。

一儿曰：“我以日始出时去人近，而日中时远也。”

一儿以日初出远，而日中时近也。

一儿曰：“日初出大如车盖，及日中则如盘盂，此不为远者小而近者大乎?”

一儿曰：“日初出沧沧凉凉，及其日中如探汤，此不为近者热而远者凉乎?”

孔子不能决也。

两小儿笑曰：“孰为汝多知乎?”

1.给加点字注音。

盂()沧()孰()汝()多知()乎

2.解释下列加点词。

⑴两小儿辩斗()⑵我以日始出时去人近()()⑶及其日中如探汤()()⑷孔子不能决也()⑸孰为汝多知乎()()

3.翻译下列句子

⑴我以日始出时去人近，而日中时远也。

⑵日初出大如车盖，及日中则如盘盂，此不为远者小而近者大乎?

4.下面两句话一是直接引用句，二是间接引用句。试将第一句改写为间接引用句，将第二句改写为直接引用句。

⑴一儿曰：“我以日始出时去人近，而日中时远也。”

⑵一儿以日初出远，而日中时近也。

5.从文中哪一句话可见两小儿辩论内容的复杂性?

答：

6.“孰为汝多知乎?”你觉得这能怪孔子吗?这说明了什么?

答：

7.两小儿的“辩斗”对你有什么启发?请联系实际谈谈。

答：

二、阅读下面的文章，完成文后8-14题。

楚人隐形

楚人贫居，读《淮南子》，得“螳螂伺蝉自障叶，可以隐形”，遂于树下仰取叶——螳螂执叶伺蝉，以摘之。叶落树下，树下先有落叶，不能复分别。扫取数斗归，一一以叶自障，问其妻曰：“汝见我不(同“否”)?”妻始时恒答言“见”，经日，乃厌倦不堪，绐(dài，哄骗)云“不见”。嘿(同“默”)然大喜，赍(jī，携带)叶入市，对面取人物，吏遂缚诣县。

8、下列加点字注音及解释全部正确的一项是()

A、螳螂执叶伺蝉(sì，等待)遂于树下仰取叶(zhú，就)

B、扫取数斗归(shǔ，好几)汝见我不(fǒu，同“否”)?

C、乃厌倦不堪(kān，能忍受)妻始时恒答言“见”(héng，总是)

D、吏遂缚诣县(fù，绑)(zhǐ，到„„去)

9、写出下列“以”字的含义。

⑴螳螂伺蝉自障叶，可以隐形：

⑵螳螂执叶伺蝉，以摘之：

⑶一儿以日初出远，而日中时近也：

10、翻译语句。

⑴螳螂伺蝉自障叶，可以隐形：

⑵对面取人物

11、“楚人”真的能够自隐其形吗?他是个什么样的人?

答：

12、用原文回答：“楚人”的妻子是在什么情况下说不见的?

答：

13、“嘿然大喜”表现“楚人”怎样的心态?

答：

14、请用一个成语概括本则选文的内容：

25、短文两篇

训练一

一、1、渴;欲得饮;饮于河、渭;

2、(1)竞跑、赛跑;(2)黄河(3)向北(4)他的，指夸父的。

3、(1)夸父与太阳竞跑，一直追到太阳落山的地方。(2)还没赶到大湖，在半路就口渴而死了。(3)他遗弃的手杖，化成桃林。

4、此情节以富有诗意的高度想象力，丰富了《夸父逐日》这一神话的内涵，丰富了夸父的形象，表现了一种勇敢追求、死而不以、甘为人类造福的精神，使整个神话更具有浪漫主义魅力。

5、这个神话故事反映了我国古代劳动人民探索、征服大自然的强烈愿望和顽强意志。

6、略。(提示：从探索未知世界角度看，他的精神可嘉，值得。也可以从其他角度讲。)

7、反通返，意思为返回。

8、质(做人质)信(相信)去(距离)察(明察)见(召见)

9、三人成虎 谣言或流言反复传播，足以惑乱听闻。

10、提醒魏王应明察秋毫，勿听信流言。

11、魏王听信谣言，认为庞恭不忠。

12、做事要善于调查研究，不要轻信于人。训练二

1、yú cāng shú rú zhì

2、(1)争辩，争论(2)认为 距离(3)到 热水(4)判断(5)谁 通”智”

3、(1)我认为太阳刚出来时距离人近，而正午时距离人远。

(2)太阳刚出来时像个大圆车蓬，等到正午时就像个盘子或盂，这不是远处的小而近处的大吗?

4、(1)一儿以日始出近，而日中时远也。(2)一儿曰：“我以日始出时去人远，而日中时近也。”

5、孔子不能决也。

6、不能。因为这是当时人不能解决的问题。说明一个人懂得的知识总是有限的，知识无穷尽，即使是博学多闻的孔子也会有所不知。

7、略。

8、C

9、(1)凭借。(2)来，连词。(3)认为。

10、(1)螳螂躲在叶子后面暗中观察蝉，它躲过的叶子可用来隐身。(2)当面拿人家的东西。

11、不能。他是一个妄想用一片树叶来掩盖自己的不正当行为的、贪婪而愚蠢的人。

12、“经日，乃厌倦不堪，绐云‘不见’”

13、表现其自以为找到一种可以不劳而获的途径而沾沾自喜的心态

第二篇：初一英语口语短文

Love your friends-teeth

You have teeth.I have teeth.We all have teeth.Teeth are our good friends.They are important.Healthy teeth can help us a lot.We can eat well and look nice.To have healthy teeth, you should do these things:

1.Eat foods that are good for your teeth.Some foods like fruit and vegetables are good for teeth;eat them much.Some foods like Coke, chocolate, candy and dessert are not good for teeth;don’t eat them much.2.Brush your teeth three times a day: in the morning, at noon and in the evening.3.Brush them well every time.4.Don’t brush too hard.5.Don’t eat very hard food.6.Only eat with teeth.Don’t do other things with teeth.We like sports

Hello!My name is Bob.I have three good friends.They are Linda, Kate and Frank.We like sports very much but we like different sports.My favorite sports is ping-pong.I think playing ping-pong is fun.But Linda and Kate think it’s boring to play it.Linda likes baseball best.She thinks it’s very interesting.She plays baseball every afternoon.Kate’s favorite sport is tennis.Frank likes soccer.He is good at playing it.He thinks it is relaxing for him to play soccer.Sports are good for us.Do you like sports? What’s your favorite sports?

Sports

All over the world people enjoy sports.Sports help people keep healthy and happy.Sports change with the seasons.Swimming is fun in summer, but skating is good in winter.Some sports are very interesting and people everywhere like them.For example, swimming is popular in those countries near the sea.Some sports have a long history, like running, jumping and Chinese martial art.But basketball and volleyball are new.Water skiing is one of the newest in the family of sports.People from different countries may not understand each other, but after a game together they often become good friends.The goat family

There are many goats in the goat village.They are like a big family.Slow Goat is old and kind.He is like a grandfather in the family.He is a good teacher, too.He teaches the little goats many things.Those little goats are like brothers and sisters.Pleasant Goat is the leader.He is clever and brave.He can run very fast.Pretty Goat is beautiful and cute.She likes cooking.Fit Goat is very Strong.He likes boxing.Lazy Goat is very lazy and he likes sleeping.The goats help each other and find lots of ways to beat Grey Wolf and Red Wolf.The goats live happily on Qingqing Grasslands.Hello, boys and girls!My name is Gina Smith.Gina is my fist name.Smith is my last name.I am an American girl.I am seven years old.There are for people in my family.They are my parents, my brother and I.I like sports very much.I have a great sports collection: I have 9 baseballs, 5 basketballs, 7 tennis balls and 2 volleyballs.I have some school things, too: I have 3 pencils, 4 erasers and a dictionary.Every morning, I go to school on foot.I eat lots of healthy food: I like vegetables and fruit, so I like vegetable and fruit salad.I think they are good for me.I don’t like watching TV at home.I think it’s boring.Do you like sports? Do you want to be my friend? Please call me.Hello, boys and girls!Welcome to Good Friend.You can buy your clothes at very good prices.We have red and white skirts for only $23.Do you like hats? Blue and black hats are only $15.How much are the jacket? The green jackets are $45 and the blue ones are $42.Do you need trousers? You can get them for only $40.Our T-shirts are on sale, too.You can buy them for $29.What color do you want? We have T-shirts in white, purple and green.How about these black and brown socks? Only $5 for two pairs.Come and see now.

第三篇：初一 英语短文 阅读

初中英语短文阅读

1.The best way to strengthen your resolve and increase your will power is to thouroughly read one difficult article a day.Difficult articles will increase your vocabulary, improve your reading comprehension and supply you with valuable sentence patterns and grammar to enhance your spoken English.This terrific habit will also give you a strong sense of achievement and encourage you to improve other areas of your life.Once you train yourself to make your difficult article a part of your daily routine, you will even grow to enjoy it.Reading difficult articles is just like vigorous exercise.At first it is extremely hard, you need to push yourself to finish.Eventually, just as your body grows used to the sweat and effort, your mind will also adjust and welcome the challenge.In fact, people who exercise regularly feel terrible when they don't have an opportunity to exercise!You can develop the same kind of relationship with difficult articles!You can use them to nourish your mind and your spirit until you reach the point where you feel lost without them.2.Three passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind.These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thither, in a wayward course, over a great ocean o。f anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy-ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest of life for a few hours of this joy.I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness--that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss.I have sought it finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined.This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what--at last--I have found.With equal passion I have sought knowledge.I have wished to understand the hearts of men.I have wished to know why the stars shine.And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway above the flux.A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens.But always pity brought me back to earth.Echoes of cries of pain reverberate in my heart.Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make a mockery of what human life should be.I long to alleviate this evil, but I cannot, and I too suffer.This has been my life.I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.

第四篇：初一上册英语短文

初一上册英语短文

Every year students in many countries learn English.Some of the students are children.Others are young people.Some learn at school.Others teach themselves.Why do all these people learn English？ In China many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their school subjects.Many people learn English because it is very useful in their work or they have to read books in English.They want to learn a lot from foreign countries.每年在许多国家的学生学习英语。一些学生是孩子，其他的是年轻人。一些人在学校学习。剩下的一些人自学。这些人们为什么学习英语？ 在中国许多男孩和女孩在学校学习英语是因为它是学校的一门课程。许多人学英语是因为它非常有用，他们在工作中需要用到英语或他们必须阅读英语书籍。他们想要更多的了解其他国家

第五篇：初一背诵英语短文

1.My Friend（我的朋友）

I have a good friend.Her name is May.She is 12 years old.Her telephone number is 87634966 Her birthday is March 5th.She is good at English and Chinese.She often plays the piano.She likes reading books and listening to the music.Her hobbies are reading and listening to music.She is a nice girl.We often help each other.We are good friends.我有一个好朋友。她的名字叫梅。她12岁。她的电话号码是87634966。她的生日是3月5日。她擅长英语和汉语。她经常弹钢琴。她喜欢看书和听音乐。她的爱好是读书和听音乐。她是一个好女孩。我们经常互相帮助。我们是好朋友。

2写一篇文章介绍你的朋友JIM所拥有的体育器材和他喜欢的体育运动。Jim has a great sports collection.He has 10 basketballs, 4 footballs,2 ping-pong balls, 15volleyballs and 9 baseballs.He doesn’t have a ping-pong bat, but he has 8 tennis rackets.Of all the sports, He likes tennis best.He likes sports very much, because he thinks sports are good for health.He often plays tennis and basketball with his friends after school.吉姆拥有一个大的体育用品收藏。他有10个篮球，4个足球，2乒乓球，15个排球和9个棒球。他没有一个乒乓球球拍，但他有8个网球拍。在所有的运动中，他最喜欢打网球。他很喜欢运动，因为他认为运动是对健康有益的。他经常在放学后和他的朋友们打网球和篮球。

3自我介绍

My name is Wang Ming.My birthday is June 5th.I am Chinese.I am a student.I study very hard.My favorite subject is English.I like it because it is interesting.I can play the piano and the trumpet, but not very well.I love swimming and I am good at it.Of all kinds of movies, I like comedies best.I think they're interesting.I’m one of the best students in my class.My teachers all say I am a good student.They all like me and I like them, too.我的名字是王明.我的生日是6月5日。我是中国人。我是一个学生.我学习很努力.我的最喜欢的科目是英语。我喜欢它，因为它很有趣。我可以弹钢琴和吹喇叭，但不是很好。我喜欢游泳并且我很擅长.在所有种类的电影中，我最喜欢喜剧片。我想他们很有趣。我是我班上最好的学生之一。我的老师都说我是一个很好的学生.他们都喜欢我，我也喜欢他们.