英语诗词赏析(一)经典励志诗

第一篇：英语诗词赏析(一)经典励志诗

Unit 2 Poems

英语诗词赏析

（一）经典励志诗

Learning aims:

1．To learn about some simple forms of English poems.3．To develop the reading ability by skimming and scanning the passage.4．To deepen students’ literature quality.Step 1 Enjoy a famous English poem.The Road Not Taken

---by Robert Frost

Two roads diverged in a yellow wood黄色的树林里分出两条路And sorry I could not travel both可惜我不能同时去涉足And be one traveler, long I stood我在那路口久久伫立And looked down one as far as I could我向着一条路极目望去To where it bent in the undergrowth直到它消失在丛林深处Then took the other, as just as fair但我却选了另外一条路And having perhaps the better claim它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂Because it was grassy and wanted wear;显得更诱人、更美丽Though as for that the passing there虽然在这两条小路上Had worn them really about the same都很少留下旅人的足迹And both that morning equally lay虽然那天清晨落叶满地In leaves no step had trodden black两条路都未经脚印污染

Oh, I kept the first for another day!呵，留下一条路等改日再见！Yet knowing how way leads on to way, 但我知道路径延绵无尽头I doubted if I should even come back.恐怕我难以再回返

I shall be telling this with a sigh也许多少年后在某个地方Somewhere ages and ages hence:我将轻声叹息把往事回顾Two roads diverged in a wood, and I---一片树林里分出两条路I took the one less traveled by,而我选了人迹更少的一条And that has made all the difference从此决定了我一生的道路

Step 2 Read the comments of this poem 评论1

Everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey life.There is never a straight path that leaves one with but a sole direction in which to head.Regardless of the original message that Robert Frost had intended to convey, his poem, “The Road Not Taken”, has left its readers with many different interpretations.It is one's past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light that he will see the poem in.In any case however, this poem clearly demonstrates Frost's belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.“And sorry I could not travel both...” It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.There is a strong sense of regret before the choice is even made and it lies in the knowledge that in one lifetime, it is impossible to travel down every path.In an attempt to make a decision, the traveler “looks down one as far as I could”.评论2

The Road Not Taken tells about life choice.Man’s life is related to a journey filled with twists and turns.One has to consider a lot before making a wise choice.Though the diverged roads seem identical, they actually lead to different directions, which symbolize different fates.2.1 See over one road

In part one, the speaker faced with two roads in the autumnal wood and feel puzzled over which one to choose.“Two roads diverged in a yellow wood”, He stood there for a long time and mused on one of them, which was taken by many people.Unfortunately, he was unable to find out which place the，road would take him to, for it is far beyond his ability to know where the road would lead.However, he must choose to take.2.2.The other one

In part two, he stepped on the other road, “Then took the other, as just as fair”, It was grassy and not taken.His choice would affect every other subsequent choice, and there was no turning back.From his choice for the less trodden road, it could be concluded that he did not like to follow the steps of other people, he wanted his own life choired by himself.2.3 Helpless

In part three, he decided to choose the less traveled one, but he was aware that he could never have a chance to return to the first road.“I doubted if I should never come back” showed he is helpless.2.4 Chose the less traveled road

In part four, “I shall be telling this with a sign”, he articulated why he chose the less traveled road, for he expected his life to be unusual and different.But there was no way to foretell the consequences of his choice.All in all, for the speaker, the road of life was accident and mystical, and his very choice was crucial in determining the consequences of his life.The ordinary people follow other’s choice, while the exceptional ones choose their unique roads of life.3.Conclusion3.1 Everyone is a traveler

Everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey.There is never a straight path but a sole direction in which to head.It is one's past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light.In any case however, this poem clearly explained Frost's belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.It is impossible to travel down every path.The road that will be chosen leads to the unknown, as does any choice in life.As much he may strain his eyes to see as far the road stretches, eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never see where it is going to lead.It is the way that he chooses here that sets him off on his journey and decides where he is going.It was something that was obviously not for everyone because it seemed that the majority of people took the other path.There is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that had changed the direction of his life from what it may have otherwise been.It allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem.3.2 Human beings are so weak

In a word, the poem The Road Not Taken is a very beautiful and excellent poem.It is set in a rural natural environment where always inspire the speaker to think of life.It is based on a metaphor in which the journey through life is compared to a journey on a road.And the speaker of the poem has to choose one path instead of another.Even though the two paths look equally attractive, the speaker knows that his choice at this moment may have a significant influence on his future.He does make a decision, hoping that he may be able to visit this place again, yet realizing that such an opportunity is impossible.He imagines himself in the future telling the story of his life, and claiming that his decision to take the road less traveled by, the road few other people have taken, has made all the difference.This thesis intends to explore Frost’s own view of life.He told us that human beings are so weak when compared with nature and the destiny.Though human beings have made great progress in the past several centuries, there will forever exist something that is far beyond their control.For human, it is unable to do anything useful when he is in conflict with the impersonal force.And it’s also unable to control his own

destiny;on the contrary, his fate and destiny are in the charge of something mysterious beyond him.In this sense, life is a tragedy to human.So it could be said that Frost conveyed his sense of tragedy common to human through this simple but beautiful poem.It is simple in form but profound in meaning.Step 3 learn how to write a summary of a poem

Summary The speaker stands in the woods, considering a fork in the road.Both ways are equally worn and equally overlaid with un-trodden leaves.The speaker chooses one, telling himself that he will take the other another day.Yet he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportunity to do so.And he admits that someday in the future he will recreate the scene with a slight twist: He will claim that he took the less-traveled road.

第二篇：励志诗词赏析

篇一：励志小诗赏析《旅程》 注：这是一首励志诗。the journey one day you finally knew what you had to do, and began, though the voices around you kept shouting their bad advice--though the whole house began to tremble and you felt the old tug at your ankles.mend my life!each voice cried.but you didnt stop.you knew what you had to do, though the wind pried with its stiff fingers at the very foundations, though their melancholy was terrible.it was already lateenough, and a wild night, and the road full of fallen branches and stones.but little by little, as you left their voices behind, the stars began to burn through the sheets of clouds, and there was a new voice which you slowly into the world, determined to do the only thing you could do--determined to save the only life you could save.有一天,你终于知道

什么是你必须得做,并开始去做, 虽然你周围的声音 一直喊出

其各种糟糕的建议——虽然整个房子 开始颤抖

你亦感到那条旧绳索 绊住了你的脚踝。“修补我的人生!” 每个声音都在哭喊。但你并没停止。

你知道什么是你必须得做的, 虽然风用它僵硬的手指 直往根基, 撬捣, 虽然它们的忧郁 着实可怕。天色

已经很晚,这是个疯狂的夜晚, 路上满是倒下的 断枝和石头。但渐渐地, 当你将它们的声音抛在身后, 星星开始穿透云层 散发光辉, 一个新的声音出现了你慢慢 意识到,那是你自己的声音, 它伴随着你 伴你步步 深入世途, 决心去做

你唯一能做的事—— 决定去拯救

你唯一能拯救的生命。篇二：英语诗词赏析(一)经典励志诗 unit 2 poems 英语诗词赏析

（一）经典励志诗 learning aims: 1．to learn about some simple forms of english poems.3．to develop the reading ability by skimming and scanning the passage.4．to deepen students’ literature quality.step 1 enjoy a famous english poem.the road not taken---by robert frost two roads diverged in a yellow wood 黄色的树林里分出两条路 and sorry i could not travel both 可惜我不能同时去涉足 and be one traveler, long i stood 我在那路口久久伫立 and looked down one as far as i could我向着一条路极目望去 to where it bent in the undergrowth 直到它消失在丛林深处 then took the other, as just as fair 但我却选了另外一条路 and having perhaps the better claim 它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂 because it was grassy and wanted wear;显得更诱人、更美丽 though as for that the passing there 虽然在这两条小路上 had worn them really about the same 都很少留下旅人的足迹 and both that morning equally lay虽然那天清晨落叶满地 in leaves no step had trodden black 两条路都未经脚印污染

i shall be telling this with a sigh 也许多少年后在某个地方 somewhere ages and ages hence:我将轻声叹息把往事回顾 two roads diverged in a wood, and i---一片树林里分出两条路 i took the one less traveled by, 而我选了人迹更少的一条 and that has made all the difference从此决定了我一生的道路

everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey life.there is never a straight path that leaves one with but a sole direction in which to head.regardless of the original message that robert frost had intended to convey, his poem, the road not taken, has left its readers with many different interpretations.it is ones past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light that he will see the poem in.in any case however, this poem clearly demonstrates frosts belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.and sorry i could not travel both...it is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.there is a strong sense of regret before the choice is even made and it lies in the knowledge that in one lifetime, it is impossible to travel down every path.in an attempt to make a decision, the traveler looks down one as far as i could.评论2 the road not taken tells about life choice.man’s life is related to a journey filled with twists and turns.one has to consider a lot before making a wise choice.though the diverged roads seem identical, they actually lead to different directions, which symbolize different fates.2.1 see over one road in part one, the speaker faced with two roads in the autumnal wood and feel puzzled over which one to choose.“two roads diverged in a yellow wood”, he stood there for a long time and mused on one of them, which was taken by many people.unfortunately, he was unable to find out which place the，road would take him to, for it is far beyond his ability to know where the road would lead.however, he must choose to take.2.2.the other one in part two, he stepped on the other road, “then took the other, as just as fair”, it was grassy and not taken.his choice would affect every other subsequent choice, and there was no turning back.from his choice for the less trodden road, it could be concluded that he did not like to follow the steps of other people, he wanted his own life choired by himself.2.3 helpless 2.4 chose the less traveled road in part four, “i shall be telling this with a sign”, he articulated why he chose the less traveled road, for he expected his life to be unusual and different.but there was no way to foretell the consequences of his choice.all in all, for the speaker, the road of life was accident and mystical, and his very choice was crucial in determining the consequences of his life.the ordinary people follow other’s choice, while the exceptional ones choose their unique roads of life.3.conclusion 3.1 everyone is a traveler everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey.there is never a straight path but a sole direction in which to head.it is ones past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light.in any case however, this poem clearly explained frosts belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.it is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.it is impossible to travel down every path.the road that will be chosen leads to the unknown, as does any choice in life.as much he may strain his eyes to see as far the road stretches, eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never see where it is going to lead.it is the way that he chooses here that sets him off on his journey and decides where he is going.it was something that was obviously not for everyone because it seemed that the majority of people took the other path.there is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that had changed the direction of his life from what it may have otherwise been.it allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem.3.2 human beings are so weak step 3 learn how to write a summary of a poem summary the speaker stands in the woods, considering a fork in the road.both ways are equally worn and equally overlaid with un-trodden leaves.the speaker chooses one, telling himself that he will take the other another day.yet he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportunity to do so.and he admits that someday in the future he will recreate the scene with a slight twist: he will claim that he took the less-traveled road.篇三：励志诗句 《励志诗句》赏析

三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也《论语·子罕》天行健，君子以自强不息《周易》富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈《孟子》生于忧患，而死于安乐《孟子·告子下》路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索《离骚》不鸣则已，一鸣惊人《史记·滑稽列传》燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉《陈涉世家》少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲《长歌行》烈士暮年，壮心不已《龟虽寿》捐躯赴国难，视死忽如归《白马篇》鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已《后出师表》大丈夫宁可玉碎，不能瓦全《北齐书·元景安传》天生我材必有用，千金散尽还复来《将进酒》生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄《夏日绝句》位卑未敢忘忧国《病起书怀》人生自古谁无死？留取丹心照汗青《过零丁洋》天下兴亡，匹夫有责《日知录·正始》千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风《竹石》壁立千仞，无欲则刚《对联》宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来《警世贤文》笔落惊风雨，诗成泣鬼神《寄李十二白二十韵》博观而约取，厚积而薄发《杂说送张琥》夫尺有所短，寸有所长《卜居》出师未捷身先死，长使英雄泪满襟《蜀相》春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干《无题》春风得意马蹄疾，一日看尽长安花《登科后》不入虎穴，不得虎子《后汉书·班超传》不畏浮云遮望眼，自缘身在最高层《登飞来峰》采得百花成蜜后，为谁辛苦为谁甜《蜂》长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海《行路难·其一》臣心一片磁针石，不指南方不肯休《扬子江》沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春《酬乐天扬州》安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜《茅屋为》先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐《岳阳楼记》会挽雕弓如满月，西北望，射天狼《江城子》壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血《满江红》日月之行，若出其中《观沧海》男儿何不带吴钩，收取关山五十州《南园》穷且益坚，不坠青云之志《滕王阁序》壮心未与年俱老，死去犹能作鬼雄《书愤》

第三篇：诗词赏析-送别诗

诗词赏析—送别诗

一、送别诗的特点：

在古代，由于交通工具和通讯技术都不发达，人们往往一别数年便再难相见，因此古人很重离别。离别之际，人们不仅备酒饯行，折柳相送，还要作诗话别，这也使得古诗中以离别为题材的送别诗颇多感人之作。

1．形式标志：标题中有“送”或“别”等字眼； 2.常见意象：时间（傍晚、月夜）

地点（长亭、渡口、古道、南浦等）

意象（柳树、芳草、瘦马、晚风、浊酒、笛声、远山等）

3．基本主题：依依不舍的留念；情深意长的勉励；坦陈心志的告白；别后情境的想象、担忧与对友人的思念。

4．风格类型：依恋与不舍——低沉哀婉，伤感惆怅；（伤感型）安慰与祝愿——旷达刚健，乐观向上。（豪迈型）5．常用手法：借景抒情（情景交融）、对比衬托、虚实结合、修辞、比喻

二、送别诗中常见的意象有如下几种：

意象是诗歌中熔铸了作者主观感情的客观物象。在我国古典诗歌漫长的历程中，形成了很多传统的意象，它们蕴含的意义基本是固定的。如果我们熟悉这些意象，会给鉴赏诗歌带来很大帮助。送别诗中也有一些常用的意象：

（一）习俗类意象：

1、柳（折柳送别）

它源于《诗经•小雅•采薇》“昔我往矣，杨柳依依；今我来思，雨雪霏霏”，古人喜欢折柳送别，折柳的寓意是惜别怀远。折柳送别的习俗产生于汉代，产生原因大体有三点：一则，千丝万缕的柳条随风舞动与离人千丝万缕、斩不断、理还乱的离愁非常相似。二则，“柳”与“留”谐音，因此折柳送别有挽留、惜别、不舍之意。三则，柳枝有随地而生的习性，折柳相赠还有祝愿友人在异地他乡生活顺利、欣欣向荣之意。

2、酒（饮酒饯别）

“问人间，谁管别离愁？杯中物。”(辛弃疾《满江红》)古人离别多设宴饯行，酒在排解愁绪之外，还饱含着深深的祝福。将美酒和离情联系在一起的诗词多不胜举，如：王维的《渭城曲》中的“劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人”，白居易《琵琶行》中的“醉不成欢惨将别，别时茫茫江浸月”等，都是以酒抒写别离之情。所以许多离别诗，都飘散着浓浓的酒香，酒里充盈着亲情、友情。

（二）时间意象：

3、日暮 送别诗中常出现“日暮”、“斜阳”、“夕阳”、“暮雪”、“暮钟”等表明傍晚时分的词语。并非诗人喜欢傍晚时分送别，而是别离这种忧伤的情感与暮色朦胧中的苍茫感相协调。并且，傍晚时分会伴随着飞鸟归林、鱼沉潭底，对于远离家乡的游子征夫来说，更能勾起漂泊之人的离情别绪。

4、月亮 月亮也是送别诗歌中常见的意象，月光给人的感觉是朦胧、迷离、苍凉的，这与深邃悠长、委婉忧伤的离情别绪是一致的；再则，月亮含有思乡、思亲的象征义，因而古人常借月抒怀。通过月亮的烘托，抽象的别情更显得动人深长。

5、秋。“自古逢秋悲寂寥”（刘禹锡《秋词二首》），古人在对秋景的注视中感觉到时光的流逝，感受到人生的短暂和易老，“秋”能使志士失志，对现实失望，对前途悲观。遇秋而愁已成为古代文人的一种普遍文化心理。像杜甫“万里悲秋常作客”（《登高》），在暮年面对巫山巫峡的秋色，作者感到了知交零落、壮志难酬，国势衰落，不禁发出“丛菊两开他日泪，孤舟一系故园心”（《秋兴八首》）的感叹，抒发了自己的忧国之情和孤独抑郁之感。秋代表了萧条凄清，代表了寂寞抑郁，是送别诗中惯用的意象。

（三）空间意象：

6、长亭 古代驿道旁置亭，十里一长亭，五里一短亭，送别亲朋好友时往往在亭中设酒饯行，所以长亭也就成了一个抒写离情别绪的意象。如李白《菩萨蛮》“何处是归程。长亭更短亭”，柳永《雨霖铃》中“寒蝉凄切，对长亭晚”等。

7、南浦 南浦多见于南方水路送别的诗词中，它成为送别诗词中的常见意象与屈原“送美人兮南浦”这一名句有很大关系。在唐宋送别诗词中出现得则较为普遍，致使它在不是描写送别的诗词中，也浸染了离情别恨，像长亭一样成为唐代送别之处的代名词。

8、谢亭，又名谢公亭，在宣城北面，是南齐诗人谢眺任宣城太守时所建，他曾在此送别朋友范云，后来谢亭就成了宣城的送别之地；

9、灞陵亭，在长安东南三十里处，那里原有一条灞水，又因汉文帝葬在那里，遂称灞陵，唐代时人们送朋友出长安，常在那里分手；

10、劳劳亭，离建康古城大约十五里

此外，“寒蝉”、“阳关”、“古道”、“西风”、“春草”、“眼泪”等也都是与离别有关的意象。

三、对送别诗歌思想内容作一较为具体的概括，大致可分为以下七种情况：

第一，依依惜别的感伤之情

如：王勃的《送杜少甫之任蜀州》中第二句“风烟望无津”一句，用“风烟”、“望”两个词把相隔千里的秦、蜀两地连在一起。自长安遥望蜀川，视线为迷蒙的风雨所遮，间接表现了依依惜别的感伤之情。

第二，体贴入微的宽慰

还以上面那首诗为例。诗人在第二句中流露伤感之意后，在后面三联中感情基调立即有了变化，作者宽慰朋友，这次离别只是客中之别，只要彼此心相连，即使远隔千山万水，不就好像近邻一样吗？这首诗极尽宽慰之意，成为温暧孤独的心灵鸡汤。

第三，前路珍重的殷勤祝愿

王维的《送元二使安西》一诗，同样有一般送别的惜别之情，但因朋友“西出阳关”是壮举，所以诗中不见伤感之意，只是在“西出阳关无故人”的想象中包含了诗人的友人前路珍重的殷勤祝愿。

第四，前途艰险的担忧

孟浩然的《送杜十四之江南》一诗的第三句撇景入情，朋友刚出发，便想到“日暮征帆何处泊”，春江渺茫，征帆一叶该停泊在哪里呢？在依依惜别中表现了诗人对友人艰险前途的担忧。

第五，坦陈心志的告白

有的送别诗往往借别明心志。如王昌龄的《芙蓉楼送辛渐》。诗的最后两句：“洛阳亲友如相问，一片冰心在玉壶。”则在送别感伤之外另辟蹊径，表达自己高洁的品格，孤介傲岸的坚强性格，借送别而言心志，可谓一箭双雕。

第六，积极奋发的勉励

鉴赏诗歌，一定要能知人论世，初盛唐的诗人在诗歌中总是充满一种积极乐观精神。陈子昂的《送魏大从军》一诗写与友人分别于繁华皇都，彼此心里总不免有些怅惘，但这种情绪只是轻轻带过，诗人随即把这种怅惘化为为国效力的责任。全诗以“勿使燕然上，惟留汉将功”二句作结，作者勉励友人建功塞外，不要使燕然山上只留下汉将功绩，也要有大唐将士的赫赫战功。全诗一气呵成，充满积极奋发向上的豪情。

第七，各向天涯的愁绪与思念

郑谷的《淮上与友人别》与一般送别诗不同，这是一次各赴前程的握别。友人渡江南向潇湘，自己则北向长安。诗的末句“君向潇湘我向秦”看起来只是交待各自行程，实际上在朴直的话语中，表现了各向天涯的无限愁绪，南北异途的深长思念。

通过以上思想内容的分析，我们发现送别诗的情感往往不是单一的，它在表达惜别留恋之情外往往还会寄托诗人的个人身世遭遇之感，表现诗人的性情品质，或凸现时代风貌。在分析诗歌思想情感时，我们一定要学会多角度多层面思考，切勿挂一漏万。

四、风格类型：

从风格上来看，送别诗分为两类：伤感型和豪迈型。古人出行原因大体可分为赴考、出使、迁谪（宦游）、征戎、乡旅、归隐等。由于道路崎岖难行，交通工具落后，一别动辄多年，再会难期，因而古人更重离别，或折柳送别，或摆酒饯行，或写诗相送，其间充满了殷殷的叮嘱和深深的情谊。这类诗大多缠绵凄切，充满感伤情调。如王维《送元二使安西》、柳永的《雨霖铃》等。但离别并非全都是伤感的，王勃的《送杜少府之任蜀州》就一洗送别的伤感之情、悲酸之态，意境开阔而音调爽朗；高适《别董大》“莫愁前路无知已，天下谁人不识君”，则表现了对朋友美好的祝愿。

鉴赏送别诗风格时，我们还要做到知人论世，体察诗情。如生活在初、盛唐的诗人，他们多具有乐观进取的精神，心胸开阔、性格豪爽。因此他们的送别诗大多景象宏阔、别情深挚豁达开朗，很少伤感情调。

五、送别诗常见的表现手法主要有以下几种：

第一，直接抒情

如高适的《送董大》中，“莫愁前路无知已，天下谁人不识君？”两句，直抒胸臆，“借他人酒杯，浇自己块垒”，表达自己虽不得意但满怀信心和力量。

第二，寓情于景，情景交融。

诗人触而伤怀、借以言情的客观物象，不外落日余晖、流水通波、江风引雨、平沙卷蓬、云横秦岭、路绕蜀山之属，这些物象一经带着作者的离情别绪入诗，成为“人化的自然”，便构成一种荒寒而悲凉、空廓而沉深的美感景象。如韦应物的《赋得暮雨送李曹》着力描写渲染烟雨、暮色、重帆、迟鸟、海门、浦树，交织在一起，形成离别时浓重的阴沉压抑的氛围，抒写惜别哀伤之情。诗歌讲究含蓄蕴籍，表达情感往往婉转曲折，经常运用寓情于景、情景交融的手法。这种手法更是送别诗中最常用最典型的手法。又如柳永《雨霖铃》词中的“念去去，千里烟波，暮霭沉沉楚天阔”一句，表面写去路烟霭迷茫，道路修远，其实是要以此寄寓离愁之思，寓情于景显得含蓄蕴藉。

第三，想象联想（虚实结合）

除情景交融的手法外，送别诗中还经常用到想象、联想。常常在作者触景生情的基础上向前推想，大抵是想像分别后朋友行旅中的孤寂和在这种孤寂环境中的愁苦心情。更主要的则展示了自己对朋友的留恋和关切。如王昌龄的《送魏二》“忆君遥在潇湘月，愁听清猿梦里长。”想象分别后友人月下船泊潇湘，“愁听清猿”，甚至在梦里也因旅夜孤独而不得安寝的幻想，借以加倍地表现离别的惆怅和对友人深切的关怀。此外还有王维的《送韦评事》“遥知汉使萧关外，愁见孤城落日边。” “今宵谁肯远相随，唯有寂寥孤馆月。”都运用这种手法。再如如刘长卿的《送严士元》第三联写道：“日斜江上孤帆影，草绿湖南万里情。”诗人由眼前的落日去帆这一实景而联想到严士元听去之地湖南应是万里草青。这是虚实结合的笔法，这样虚实结合就拓宽了诗的意境，充分表现了诗人对朋友的惜别之情、思念之情。这种手法是鉴赏中比较难把握的，需要我们有一双想象的翅膀。

第四，比喻修辞手法

为了将抽象的情感具体化，诗人在诗歌中还特别青睐比喻这种修辞手法，送别诗因为善于运用景物营造伤离别的气氛，所以比喻手法更为常见。看下面宋代诗人刘迁的《柳梢青·卢梅坡》一词：泛菊杯涤，吹梅角远，同在京城。聚散勿勿，云边孤雁，水上浮萍。教人怎不伤情？觉几度、魂飞梦惊。后夜相思，尘随马去，月逐舟行。这首诗在表达感情时就主要运用了比喻的修辞手法。上片用“云边孤雁，水上浮萍”的比喻来表现形单影只的孤独之感，飘泊无定的离别之苦。下片又表明他的心会像飞尘一样时时紧跟在朋友卢梅坡的马后，又像明月一样处处追随在卢梅坡的舟旁，以此来表达思念惜别之情。

第五，以乐景衬哀情

送别环境千差万别，有凄风苦雨中的送别，也有良辰美景中的离别。写凄风苦雨固然可以烘托别离之苦，写良辰美景又何尝不能反衬离人的懊恼。景色越美，越显出欢聚的可恋和离别的难堪，美好景色反倒成为添愁增恨的因素了。如许浑《谢亭送别》“劳歌一曲解行舟，红叶青山水急流”。欧阳修的《玉楼春》“洛阳正值芳菲节，秾艳清香相间发。”

五、体会送别诗

1．王维与《送别》

下马饮君酒，问君何所之。君言不得意，归卧南山陲。但去莫复问，白云无尽时。

这是一首送友人归隐的诗。表面看来语句平淡无奇，然而细细无味，却是词浅情深，含义深刻。诗的开头两句叙事、写饮酒饯别，以问话引起下文。

三、四句是交代友人归隐原因是“不得志”。

五、六句是写对友人的安慰和自己对隐居的羡慕，对功名利禄、荣华富贵的否定。全诗写失志归隐，借以贬斥功名，抒发陶醉白云，自寻其乐的感情，诗的后两句韵味骤增，诗意顿浓，羡慕有心，感慨无限。2．李白与《送友人》

青山横北郭，白水绕东城。此地一为别，孤蓬万里征。浮云游子意，落日故人情。挥手自兹去，萧萧班马鸣。

这首李白的《送友人》，是一首充满诗情画意的送别佳作。诗一开头便展现了一幅寥廓秀丽的山水画卷：“青山横北郭，白水绕东城。”青翠的山峦横卧于北城之外，绕城的河水像一条白练汩汩东流。“青山”对“白水”，“北郭”对“东城”，对偶工丽，色彩鲜明；山“横”、水“绕”，一静一动，相映成趣。就在这秀丽的青山秀水之间，友人将要上路远行了。诗人与友人策马并辔而行，送了一程又一程，已经到了城外，依然难舍难分。中间两联，直抒离别的深情。“此地一为别，孤蓬万里征”，是说从这里分别之后,友人就将像孤独的蓬草那样随风而转，飘摇万里之外。怎不叫人牵挂!这一联是流水对，有如行云流水般流畅自然。

“浮云游子意，落日故人情。”是脍炙人口的名句。上句想象友人旅途中飘零之感，下句抒写别后故人相思之情。这一联对仗十分工整，“浮云”对“落日”，“游子意”对“故人情”，渲染出浓郁的离别氛围，却点到即止，毫无缠绵悱恻的哀伤情调。

尾联“挥手自兹去，萧萧班马鸣”，送君千里，终须一别，就在这时，两匹马仿佛也善解人意，不愿分离，昂首向天，萧萧长鸣，似有无限深情。班马，是离别的马。马犹如此,人何以堪！直到友人走远了，马的悲鸣声，似乎仍在空中回荡，长留在诗人心中，也伴送着友人的万里行程。

李白这首送别诗写得情深意切，却境界开朗；对仗工整，而自然流畅。青山、白水、浮云、落日，构成高朗阔远的意境。

六、小结：

我们在鉴赏送别诗时,除了掌握以上的知识和方法外，还应了解作者、作品风格及创作背景等。做到知人论世，体察诗情。

在对这类诗歌进行鉴赏时，可遵循这样的答题模式：

表现手法—————依据—————作用

表现手法——（意象——意境——感情）——作用

七、感受高考：

1、（07江苏卷）阅读下面宋词，回答问题。

鹧鸪天 送人

辛弃疾

唱彻《阳光》泪未干，功名馀事且加餐。浮天水送无穷树，带雨云埋一半山。今古恨，几千般，只应离合是悲欢？江头未是**恶，别有人间行路难。（1）“浮天水送无穷树，带雨云埋一半山”蕴含了什么样的思想感情？运用了哪种表现手法？

思想感情：翘首远望，依依不舍的惜别之情；路途艰险，祝福平安的关切之情；山高水长，前程迷茫的郁闷之情。

表现手法：借景抒情或寓情于景

（2）这首词以“送人”为题，下片写出了哪两层新意？

不应把离别（相聚）视为人间唯一悲痛（欢乐）的事。人世间的**远比路途**险恶得多。

2、（08重庆卷）阅读下面这首宋词，然后回答问题。

卜算子·送鲍浩然之浙东

王观

水是眼波横，山是眉峰聚。欲问行人去那边？眉眼盈盈处。

才始送春归，又送君归去。若到江南赶上春，千万和春住。

（1）本词上、下片各写了什么？请作简要概括。（2分）答案：上片写浙东山水的美好；下片抒发作者送别的情意。

（2）宋人王灼《碧鸡漫志》评王观词是“新丽处与轻狂处皆足惊人”。这首词“新丽”的特点主要表现在哪些方面？请作简要分析。（4分）答案：修辞巧妙，用语绮丽：如“水是眼波横，山是眉峰聚。”“送春归”“和春住”。想象别致，意蕴生动：如“眉眼盈盈处”“若到江南赶上春，千万和春住。”

3、（07年高考湖南卷)阅读下面的宋诗，按照要求，完成赏析。（5分）

示长安君

王安石

少年离别意非轻，老去相逢亦怆情。草草杯盘供笑语，昏昏灯火话平生。自怜湖海三年隔，又作尘沙万里行。欲问后期何日是？寄书应见雁南征。

注：长安君为王安石（1021—1086）的大妹，工部侍郎张奎之妻，封长安县君。此诗为王安石于宋仁宗嘉祐五年（1060）出使辽国前所作。此时他尚未拜相变法。诗中表现了“怆情”之感，请就中间两联逐联赏析作者是如何表现这种情感的。

[答案]：颔联：“供笑语”表达了相逢的欢乐，“话平生”则道尽了人生的沧桑：二者相互映衬，更添一层悲凉况味。“草草杯盘”“昏昏灯火”营造了氛围，在这样的环境中，诗人更容易生发悲怆之情。“草草”“昏昏”是叠词妙用。“草草”可见酒菜的简单，欢聚中有些许不足；“昏昏”则烘托了人物情感，暗示了将别的伤痛。颈联：“自怜”与“又作”贯通一气，诗人借此直抒胸臆，表达了心中的万端悲慨。“湖海”久隔，“尘沙”远赴，旦夕间重逢又别，且是出使不无艰险的辽国，时空的拓展将悲意又加深了一层。“三年”言时间之长，“万里”谓距离之远，以数字入诗，一纵一横，使悲情更为浓烈。

4、（06安徽卷）阅读下面一首宋词，然后回答问题。（8分）

柳梢青·送卢梅坡

刘过

泛菊杯深，吹梅角远，同在京城。聚散匆匆，云边孤雁，水上浮萍。教人怎不伤情？觉几度、魂飞梦惊。后夜相思，尘随马去，月遂舟行。

[注]①泛菊：饮菊花酒。②吹梅：吹奏《梅花落》。⑴“聚散匆匆”一句，在内容上强调什么？在上片的结构上起什么作用？

答：强调二人相聚之短暂、相别之仓促。在写聚、散的内容之间起承上启下。⑵作者在表达感情时主要运用了什么手法？请结合全词内容具体说明。

答：主要运用了比喻手法。上片“云边孤雁，水上浮萍”的比喻来表现离别之苦，下片用“尘随马去，月遂舟行”的比喻来表现思念之切。

5、（06湖北卷）阅读下面两首诗，然后回答问题。

丹阳送韦参军 严维

丹阳郭里送行舟，一别心知两地秋。日晚江南望江北，寒鸦飞尽水悠悠。

暮春浐水送别 韩琮

绿暗红稀出凤城①，暮云楼阁古今情。行人莫听宫前水，流尽年光是此声。

【注】①凤城：京城。

(1)两首送别诗都写到的“水”，各有什么寓意？请作简要说明。（4分）

答：上一首用“水悠悠”象征离别的惆怅和友情的悠长。下一首借“宫前水”的不断流淌来抒发对人生、历史以及社会的感慨。

(2)《暮春浐水送别》是怎样融情于景的？请作简要赏析。（4分）

答：这首诗将友情、世情等浓缩为“古今情”，融入由“绿暗”、“红稀”、“暮云”、“宫前水”等意象组成的一幅感伤画面之中，形成了融情于景的艺术特色。①

②

八、鉴赏训练：

1、阅读唐诗，回答问题。

送杜十四之江南

孟浩然

荆吴相接水为乡，君去春江正渺茫。

日暮征帆何处泊？天涯一望断人肠。

（1）这首诗中的“渺茫”一词包含着作者怎样的心情？ 答：“渺茫”是遥远而模糊不清的意思，从字面上来看似是形容春江上烟波浩淼，雨雾蒙蒙，其实是写诗人心中的茫然，写出诗人送别友人时的怅然若失。（2）诗歌的三、四句在表达技巧上有什么特点及效果？

答：运用了设问、想像（虚写）的手法。友人日暮之时会停泊在哪里呢？到那时，人生地疏，天涯一孤客是多么的令人哀伤啊！既抒发了离情，又不流于直露，余味深长，言有尽而意无穷。

2、、阅读唐诗，回答问题。

重送裴郎中贬吉州

刘长卿

猿啼客散暮江头，人自伤心水自流。

同作逐臣君更远，青山万里一孤舟。

（1）本诗运用了哪几种手法？试结合诗句作具体分析。（4分）烘托：以猿啼、客散、暮色等烘托伤心之情

反衬：以流水无情衬人之有情，以青山重重衬行舟之孤小

对比：作者同友人的贬谪之途对比，既点同病相怜，又流露了对友人的牵挂。（2）从艺术效果和思想感情两方面分析“青山万里一孤舟”一句的作用。（4分）营造了开阔的意境，流露了作者对友人路途险远的担忧和惜别之情。

3、读下面的诗，完成题目。

谢亭送别

许浑

劳歌一去解行舟，红叶青山水急流。日暮酒醒人已远，满天风雨下西楼。

【注】劳歌：送别歌的代称。

⑴ 作者在诗中抒发了怎样的情感？

答：本诗抒发的是作者的离别之愁。

⑵ 有人认为第二句“红叶青山”的色调与全诗的情感基调不和谐，你如何看待这个问题？

答：红叶青山色彩艳丽，乍看似不协调，实际上恰恰是对离愁的有利反衬。景色越美，越觉离别的难堪。这是典型的以“乐景写哀情”的手法。

4、阅读下列两首诗，然后回答问题。

送魏二

王昌龄

醉别江楼橘柚香，江风引雨入舟凉。忆君遥在潇湘月，愁听清猿梦里长。

别董大

高适

千里黄云白日曛，北风吹雁雪纷纷。莫愁前路无知己，天下谁人不识君。(1)《送魏二》全诗四句都有写景，一、二句和三、四句所写之景有何不同？

答：前两句写眼前的实景，后两句写分别后想像的虚景(未点明是分别后的想象之景，不得分)。

(2)试比较分析两首诗的作者所抒发的离别之情是否相同。

答：《送魏二》一诗表现了作者离别时的惆怅哀婉之情 ；《别董大》中的离别之情则于慰藉中寄希望，带有一种豪放健美、清新乐观的色彩。

5、阅读下面一首诗，然后回答问题。

芙蓉楼送辛渐

王昌龄

寒雨连江夜入吴平明送客楚山孤，洛阳亲友如相问 一片冰心在玉壶。

（1）

一、二两句写景，在全诗中有什么作用？

答：这两句写景，增添苍茫萧瑟之意，渲染离别时悲凉、暗淡的气氛，凸显自己的孤独。

（2）“一片冰心在玉壶”历来为人们所称道，你认为写得好吗？请说出理由。

答：写得好。“冰心”“玉壶”都是纯净无暇，用它们作比喻，形象地表达了作者冰清玉洁的操守和志节。诗人以此告慰亲友，更表达了他对亲友的深情。

6、阅读下面唐诗，完成题目

送人东归 温庭筠

荒戍落黄叶,浩然离故关。高风汉阳渡,初日郢门山。

江上几人在,天涯孤棹还。何当重相见,樽洒慰离颜。

（1）请从现实与想象交融的角度，说说作者在尾联中流露了怎样的情感。

答：就要分别了，主人与归客开怀畅饮，期盼着别后再相逢。表现出思念友人的情感。（2）清朝有位文学批评家称这首诗的首联“起调最高”；其意思是，起笔便显露了不凡的格调。请参考这一评价，写出你对首联的理解和评价。

答：送友人东归，但见荒废的古堡，凋零的黄叶。这本是充满别愁离绪的场景。殊料，友人心志高远，既不悲秋也不伤离别，于是诗人便以“浩然离古关”奏响了昂扬的主旋律。起笔写深秋送别，却意气洋洋，确实格调不凡，正所谓“起调最高”。

7、阅读下面唐诗，回答问题

黄鹤楼送孟浩然之广陵 李白

故人西辞黄鹤楼, 烟花三月下扬州。孤帆远影碧空尽, 惟见长江天际流。

送杜十四之江西 孟浩然 荆楚相接水为乡，君去春江正渺茫。日暮征帆何处泊，天涯一望断人肠。（1）指出这两首诗在抒情方式上的不同之处。

答：这两首诗均表达了对友人的惜别之情，李诗以眼前所见之景间接抒情，孟诗除了借想象间接抒情外，还有直接抒情。

（2）李白这首诗，诗中有画，画中有情，诗中见志。在“画”“情”“志”中选一点，谈谈你的理解。

答：结合诗的意境，言之成理即可。

8、阅读下面王勃的两首诗，回答问题。

江亭月夜送别（其一）

江送巴南水，山横塞北云。津亭秋月夜，谁见泣离群。

江亭月夜送别（其二）乱烟笼碧砌，飞月向南端。寂寞离亭掩，江山此夜寒。

（1）王勃的这两首同题送别诗，在表达感情方面写法有何主要区别？请作简要分析。

答：第一首用“谁见泣离群”直接抒情，表达离愁；第二首用寓情于景、景中见情的手法委婉（间接）地表达离情。

（2）有人评点《江亭月夜送别（其二）》这首诗时，称赞“寒”字之妙：“一片离情，俱从此字托出。”你同意这种看法吗？为什么？

答：同意。作者感到此夜江山寒，一个“寒”字极写出友人离去后心情的沉重与冷寂。

第四篇：古今励志诗词集锦(一)

古今励志诗词集锦(一).txt心是自己的，干嘛总被别人伤......没有伞的孩子必须努力奔跑▓敷衍旳青春 总昰想太多 怨，只怨现实太现实╰⌒﹏为什么在一起要两个人的同意丶而分手只需要一个人古今励志诗词集锦

（一）1、博观而约取，厚积而薄发。(苏轼)

2、不登高山，不知天之高也；不临深溪，不知地之厚也。(《荀子》)

3、不操千曲而后晓声，观千剑而后识器。(刘勰)

4、察己则可以知人，察今则可以知古。(《吕氏春秋》)

5、长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。(李白)

6、臣心一片磁针石，不指南方不肯休。(文天祥)

7、发奋忘食，乐以忘优，不知老之将至。(论语)沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春。(刘禹锡)

8、三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也。(论语)

9、不飞则已，一飞冲天；不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。(司马迁)

10、当断不断，反受其乱。(汉书)

11、博学之，审问之，慎思之，明辨之，笃行之。(《礼记》)

12、登山则情满于山，观海则意溢于海。(刘勰)

13、读书百遍，其义自现。(三国志)

14、天变不足畏，祖宗不足法，人言不足恤。(王安石)

15、千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风。(郑板桥)

16、工欲善其事，必先利其器。(孔子)

17、光阴似箭，日月如梭。(明《增广贤文》)

18、海阔凭鱼跃，天高任鸟飞。(古诗诗话)（现代人的心声啊）

19、海纳百川，有容乃大；壁立千仞，无欲则刚。(林则徐)20、会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。(杜甫)

21、春风得意马蹄疾，一日看尽长安花。(孟郊)

22、大直若屈，大巧若拙，大辩若讷。(《老子》)

23、修身、齐家、治国、平天下。(大学)

24、祸兮，福之所倚；福兮，锅之所伏。(《老子》)

25、兼听则明，偏信则暗。(《资治通鉴》)

26、见兔而顾犬，未为晚也；亡羊而补牢，未为迟也。(《战国策》)

27、穷则独善其身，达则兼善天下。(《孟子》)

28、镜破不改光，兰死不改香。(孟郊)

29、君子成人之美，不成人之恶。(论语)30、君子坦荡荡，小人长戚戚。(孔子)

31、君子忧道不忧贫。(论语)

32、老当益壮，宁知白首之心；穷且益坚，不坠青云之志。(王勃)

33、老骥伏枥，志在千里。烈士暮年，壮心不已。(曹操)（最爱）

34、流水不腐，户枢不蠹。(吕氏春秋)

35、路漫漫其修远今，吾将上下而求索。(屈原)

36、莫愁前路无知己，天下谁人不识君。(高适)

37、木秀于林，风必摧之。(旧唐书)

38、皮之不存，毛将焉附？(左传)

39、其曲弥高，其和弥寡。(宋玉)40、其身正，不令而行；其身不正，虽令不从。(论语)

41、前事不忘，后事之师。(《战国策》)

42、青，取之于蓝而青于蓝。(荀子)

43、青山遮不住，毕竟东流去。(辛弃疾)

44、穷则变，变则通，通则久。(易经)

第五篇：关于励志的诗词赏析

1《苔》

清·袁枚

白日不到处，青春恰自来。

苔花如米小，也学牡丹开。

温暖的阳光照不到的阴暗处，苔藓生机萌动，依然碧绿长青。苔花尽管如同米粒大小，它也像雍容华贵的牡丹花一样热烈绽放。

不过多么渺小或不起眼的东西，都有他的功用。而从生命的角度来看，在艰难困苦中依然能够成长和突破，顽强的生命力和斗志，是最受人敬佩的精神。

2《竹石》

清·郑燮

咬定青山不放松，立根原在破岩中。

千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风。

竹子抓住青山一点也不肯放松，它的根原来已经深深地扎在破败的岩石堆中。历经无数磨难和打击仍然还坚强刚劲，随便你刮和煦的东风、酷暑的南风、干燥的西风、还是严寒的北风。

3《小松》

唐·杜荀鹤

自小刺头深草里，而今渐觉出蓬蒿。

时人不识凌云木，直待凌云始道高。

小小的松树埋没在草堆中，是多么不起眼，然而它的内在是挺拔高大的凌云木，不管势利的时人如何评论，自己努力成长去耸入云霄。

4《辎门警训》

唐·佚名

守道犹如守禁城，紧把城头战一场。

不经一番寒彻骨，怎得梅花扑鼻香？

“宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来。”梅花象征着铁骨铮铮，不屈不挠，敢斗霜雪的精神；

又象征高洁守道的凛然君子，不畏严寒刚毅雄杰。

5《泛海》

明·王阳明

险夷原不滞胸中，何异浮云过太空?

夜静海涛三万里，月明飞锡下天风。

明朝刘瑾把持朝政，王阳明仗义执言，被刘瑾廷杖四十，投入大牢，谪贬为贵州龙场驿驿丞，去龙场途中，刘瑾还派杀手追杀，王阳明装死逃难，于九死一生中，王阳明心中苦闷矛盾，不知何去何从。后经一道士点化后，王阳明心中豁然开朗，毅然担当起责任，写下了这首豁达的诗词，然后回家省亲，再到龙场服役，终于龙场悟道。

一切艰难险阻，在我看起来，就如天上漂浮的一朵朵白云，不应停滞于心中，而天空的颜色，是洁净湛蓝的。夜深人静时，我思考着国家的命运，思考着自己的人生经历，尽是大起大落，如海中波涛一般。我将乘天地之正气，秉光明的心地，去接受任何的人生艰难险阻的挑战。

(网络诗作精选)