第一篇：翻译知识：成为合格翻译的要素
高考已经结束，很多同学都已经选好了学校以及专业，当然也不乏选择翻译专业的学生，下面秋实小编总结了一些对于初学翻译的学生的建议以及成为合格翻译的要素希望能通大家一起学习。
就新手翻译而言，翻译就是大量阅读著作。这是最关键的：既是你避免仅仅成为热情的译者的重要一步，也是你将来可能成为优秀的译者的重要一步。如果你平时有阅读中文报刊、著作和中译本的习惯，那你也必须培养阅读同类英文报刊、著作和英译本的习惯。
有一天，当你发现自己竟然忘了前几天看过的某篇文章里提到的某件事，到底是从汉语文章还是英语文章中看到的，你就算大功告成了。那么，如何开始呢？这很简单也很困难：不求甚解地读，似懂非懂地读。如同读中文：请问，你读了这么多母语文章和著作，能自如地写中文，可你一年查过多少词典？并不是说你要完全放弃查英语或英汉词典，但既然你喜欢做翻译，那你就可以通过每天做一定数量的翻译来查词典和学习生字，翻译之外的英语作品阅读，则应完全不查词典或每小时查不超过譬如说十个、五个、三个、二个、一个生字，视乎你的实际需要而定。
想要成为一名合格的翻译，没有大量地阅读积累作为基础，是很难能够有进一步成功的，也正因为翻译的积累性才能够解释的出，为什么别的领域能够有天才儿童出现而翻译领域却没有天才这一说，翻译不是靠天才而是靠自身的努力积累而成的。
第二篇：怎样成为翻译高手
怎样成为翻译高手
最近有很多朋友问我怎样学习英语，怎样才能成功，下面是以我给公司，北京市政府和驻华大使做翻译所积累的经验，希望可以帮助到大家。我主要从口译讲，其实你的口译水平高的话，其它的就不用说了。
如果你想要成为口译或者想考上北外高翻，你要从以下几个方面努力:
一，要具备热情和兴趣。你肯定有一定的口译兴趣，但只有饱满的热情才能够驱使你加倍努力。我无论做什么事（包括校队篮球比赛，弹钢琴，唱歌和做翻译时），我都很有PASSION,所以你不能犹豫，不要徘徊，不要怀疑自己，勇往直前。你不能肯定自己一定能行，也不能肯定自己一定不行。但是，如果犹豫徘徊，那么，本来行的也肯定不行；如果满腔热情，急流勇进，那么，你肯定能够打消自我怀疑，取得更好的成绩！我相信你！
二，现实地估计一下自己是否适合做口译。我个人认为口译的特点就是要在瞬间判断、实时决策、当即兑现，由不得你深思熟虑、老谋深算、精益求精。如果你平常已经养成了三思而后行的风格，最好要改。
三，口译素质要从记忆、反应着手训练，切实打好双语基础。一开始做翻译只要传达了信息就可以了，也就是变通的艺术。还有一招叫做TRANSITION BY OMISSION，也就是省略的艺术。需要胆量和技术。
四，一定要冷静和从容，大方，做演讲和辩论是提高自己胆量的方法，我个人经常参加校和班里的这方面的活动，这样的话你从事翻译后就不会NERVOUS AND UNCERTAIN.总之，语言基础的提高一定要强调高强度、高密度，尽量在最短时间内争取最佳效果。一定要有紧迫感和危机感，不能太悠闲，不能太从容，要只争朝夕。
翻译训练方法:
视译。一，选材多用讲稿，比如一些国际组织或国内会议上的发言之类。
二，就是一定要抓主要意思。
三，流畅，口译很看重流畅，也就是说你的DELIVERY，你要有自信的感觉，一句话，要重复过来重复过去，开口说出来就要说完一句话。
复述，我要你听一段英文的内容，然后用英语再复述出来。要求你的笔记要做的好和反应快，所以你要学学做笔记，很多翻译书都讲了笔记的做法。强调几点，一，格式，要纵写，这样比较容易看；二，要学习符号系统，自己烂熟于心；三，不要全记，也就是说:笔记等于速记，你可能记全，也应该记全，只要把关键词记下来提醒自己思路就可以。
因为你要成为翻译高手，所以我对你的要求很严格！下面是“地狱式训练”，一定要按照完成。
1）每天抽一个小时读英语演讲稿，英语作文和英语翻译作品（主要参考网上和中国翻译和中国日报）
2）每天无论吃饭和洗澡的时候，或者一切你和同学一起聊天的时候，试着在脑海里把她们所说的话转为英语，我不要求你对你同学说英语，因为那对于你来讲可能不方便。但我 1
要求你们把英语变成你的working language or daily language.3）每天做一篇笔译,主要从英语新闻报纸上翻译，和做10分钟的电视英语新闻翻译。我希望你们别放弃，虽然很有难度，但我相信你能坚持下去的，你有问题的话，我们可以一起切磋和探讨！
No matter how hopeless it seems ,no matter how helpless you are ,and no matter how remote for you to reach your final goal for the simultaneous interpreter of Beijing foreign studies university ,please remember, your willing heart, your undying and unfailing endeavor and persistence enable you to make everything impossible possible.I will always be the one to support you and give you inspiration and passion in your enrichment of studies.Even though you have to go through the hardship and obstacles, not afraid of the failure ,because I am with you always2
第三篇：翻译知识管理
在知识管理方面的只是启发技巧
Tatiana Gavrilova and Tatiana Andreeva
塔蒂亚娜加夫里洛娃和塔蒂亚娜安德列耶夫
塔蒂亚娜加夫里洛娃是俄罗斯圣彼得堡大学研究生学院的教授，以及学校信息技术部的系主任。
塔蒂亚娜安德列耶夫是俄罗斯圣彼得堡大学研究生学院组织行为学与人力资源 管理的副教授。
概要：
目的本文是基于广泛的文献回顾和20年的应用在多个公司和环境的各种知识启发技巧的作者之一的经验。
研究结果本文有助于通过组织中的知识管理研究者和实践者更广泛地利用知识工程的方法和技术。
关键词知识管理，知识萃取技术，知识工程
1.介绍
现代管理理论把知识的主要来源为在后工业经济可持续的竞争优势的创建和维护一（古特和桑德尔，1992;格兰特，1996年;蒂斯，2004）。
因此，如何确保组织中从他们的知识提取尽可能多的价值，问题是局部的概念和实践的观点。然而，知识和组织中的最初的经验不属于该组织本身，而是属于员工个体（批准，1996;Tsoukas和Vladimirou，2001）。
这其实涉及到知识的本质，使得组织依赖于良好的意愿和员工在申请这些知识对于组织的缘故，并根据需要在组织内共享功能两者。虽然有些作者已经讨论个别转化为组织知识（如Tsoukas和Vladimirou，2001年，野中郁次郎，1991），许多源仍然悲观到的知识可以从一个单独的（批准，1996年分离的程度;洪水等。，2001）。那么什么经理可以做（如果有的话），以改变他们的员工的知识转化为组织知识，或者至少分享它尽可能地在组织中不同的个人之间的问题，在很大程度上仍然开放。
第四篇：如何成为一名好的兼职翻译
如何成为一名好的兼职翻译
译界小民：王清云
主要内容
翻译职业的要求
翻译职业好处与缺点
如何成为兼职翻译
兼职过程中常遇问题及解决方案
翻译职业的要求
过硬的语言水平
1、基础要打牢，翻译技巧要全面。
2、对外语学习要专一，多而浅是很难成大器的，因为人的精力有限。
高尚的职业道德
1、守时：对客户最基本的尊重，不能因为自己的迟到早退而影响客户服务。
2、守密：对客户的翻译资料要保密。
3、守身：随时记住自己是翻译而不是小秘。
翻译职业的优缺点
优点：
1、越老越值钱：知识水平的积累会带给自己更多的价值。可做为终身职业。
2、工作时间、地点随遇而安。可选择全职也可选择兼职
3、有机会在任何一家跨国公司里工作且获得及好的收入
缺点：
1、翻译的过程中枯燥单调
2、易患颈椎病、肩周炎等
如何成为兼职译员
1、符合译员的条件
2、敬业爱岗
3、与各翻译公司搞好关系
4、不断完善自己的翻译简历
5、遵守行规，不随意抬高或者降低译价
兼职过程中常见问题及解决方案
问题：
1、接不到单。
原因：没有入行、没有宣传、没有主动出击
2、收不到钱。
原因：客户耍无赖、翻译质量差被拒付
解决方案
1、多从网络和朋友那里获取翻译信息，认真做好每一次翻译，得到客户的认可后由客户介绍；多找一些翻译公司留下自己的简历；要经常更新自己的简历，并制作翻译稿件 以显示自己的实力；学生可多由老师来介绍。
2、大量翻译稿件接件前应与客户签订付款合同，通常要求客户预付部分款项。如果客户是公司性质，要留意合同款项中付款规定，付款前几天要发邮件催款。如果是客户是个人性质，通常要求客户能通过第三方支付中介，比如支付宝、财付通等，分期分批的交付大量稿件，前款未清，则不做下面的工作。
3、对于已经上当的翻译，要保存证据，走法律途径。
4、形成区域兼职翻译的联盟，对各翻译中介进行信誉排名。
第五篇：翻译
一.翻译：
1.正是他35年前送给我的那些书使我成了教师。2.黄昏时，我碰巧在回家的路上遇到她。3.他说他将于第二周到达。
4.我在电话里已经和他交谈过，但实际上我从来没有见过他。5.整日呆在家里做作业，一点趣儿都没有。6.我在为这次长途旅行整理行装。
7.她专心听着，把他说的话一字不漏的记下来。8.他充分利用他在那儿的时间学习英语。9.目前妇女在科学领域发挥着重要的作用。10.这个城镇变化太大了，你会认不出来它的。11.对于这个问题你有什么看法吗？
12.这个机构对开始经营自己生意的人提供切实可行的指导。13.信不信由你，尽管她满身缺点，我仍然喜欢她。14.这是我们第一次在中国过圣诞。15.结婚前他们相爱了十年。
一．1.It was those books he gave me thirty-five years ago that made me become a teacher.2.I happened to see her on my way home at dusk.It happened that I saw her on my way home at dusk.3.He said that he would arrive the next week.4.I’ve talked to him on the telephone but I’ve never actually met him face to face.5.It is no pleasure staying at home doing homework all day.6.I am packing my things up for the long journey.7.She listened carefully and set down every word he said.8.He made good/full use of his time there to learn English.9.At present, women are playing an important part in science.10.The town has changed so much that you wouldn’t recognize it.11.Do you have any thoughts on this problem? 12.The agency offers practical guidance to people starting their own businesses.13.Believe it or not.I’m fond of her although she has shortcomings of all kinds.14.It is the first time we have celebrated Christmas in China.15.They had been in love for 10 years before getting married.二.翻译：
1.在老师的帮助下，我被一所大学录取了。2.你知道宇宙是什么时候形成的吗？
3.最重要的是，别忘了把你们的意见寄来。4.你能就音乐欣赏给我们提些建议吗？ 5.他喜欢表演并享受随之而来的祝贺。
6.他看上去很面熟，但我记不起他的名字了。7.你准备用现金支付还是用支票支付？
8.必须制定法律来惩罚那些危害野生生物的人。9.骑骆驼在沙漠中旅行是令人难忘的经历。
10.如果人们在不行动起来，采取有效措施保护野生动物的话，愈来愈多的野生动物将会灭绝。二.1.With the help of my teacher, I was admitted to university.2.Do you know when the universe first came into being？ 3.And above all, remember to send us your comments.4.Could you give us some advice on how to enjoy music.5.He enjoys performance and the congratulations afterwards.6.He looks very familiar but I can’t remember his name.7.Do you plan to pay in cash or by cheque? 8.Laws must be passed to punish those who do harm to wildlife.9.Traveling in the desert by camel is really an unforgettable experience.10.If people don’t take action and adopt effective measures to protect wild animals, an increasing number of them will die out.三.翻译：
1.为了按时完成这项任务，他们夜以继日的工作着。2.过不了多久他们就会回来的。3.她生了一个健康漂亮的婴儿。4.她有学语言的天赋。
5.捉弄残疾人是很不礼貌的。
6.这家旅馆使我想起我们去年住过的那一家。7.我怎么才能重新得到他们的支持呢？ 8.那棵老树从地面到树梢至少有三十米。
三．1.They are working day and night in order to accomplish the task on time.2.They will be back before long.It won’t be long before they come back.3.She gave birth to a fine healthy baby.4.She has a gift for learning languages.5.It is very rude to play a trick on the disabled.6.This hotel reminds me of the one we stayed in last year.7.How can I win back their support? 8.The old tree must measure at least 30 metres from top to bottom.四.Translation: 1.我宁愿说实话而不愿撒谎。2.他说服不了他姐姐改变主意。
3.我们昨天是在百货大楼举行的会议。4.她虽然有很多缺点，但我们都很喜欢她。5.小华坚持自己没有撒谎，不该向我道歉。6.他唯一在乎的东西就是钱。
7.一旦你明白了这条规则，你就再也没有困难了。8.我被他说服了，所以我不得不让步。9.在战争结束时柏林城变成了一片废墟。10.死亡人数已上升至50人。
11.事故发生后，伤员被立刻送往医院。
12.正当我们处境危险时他们来援救我们了。13.黄河在这转了个大弯。
14.我们骑骆驼旅行真是一次难忘的经历。15.她刚刚起床，还没有穿好衣服。
16.既然他决心已定，再与他争论已毫无用处。17.到时我们惊奇的发现他还活着。
18.今年夏天我们在乡下度过了一段快乐时光。
19.2008年5月12日，人们向往常一样去上班、上学，全然不知一场灾难即将降临。20.我们迫不及待的等着你的加入。
21.我们误了公共汽车，看来我们只好步行了。
22.发生在汶川的大地震使成千上万的人无家可归。23.人们不在意的一些事件也可能导致灾难的发生。24.不知不觉中一年结束了。
25.我谨向那些帮助过我的老师致谢。
26.没有任何语言足以表达我对你们的歉意。
27.地震中幸存下来的人们向部队表示深深的谢意，感谢部队为拯救他们所做出的巨大努力。
28.无论发生什么事情，我们都不能丧失希望与信心。29.到了车站，我们环顾四周，却没有发现任何人。30.有消息说，洪水过后，全村到处都是残垣断壁。四.1.I prefer telling the truth to lying.2.He couldn’t persuade his sister to change her mind.3.It was in the department store that we held the meeting yesterday.4.She has many shortcomings, but we are all fond of her.5.Xiao Hua insisted that she didn’t tell a lie and not apologize to me.6.The only thing he cares about is money.7.Once you understand this rule, you’ll have no difficulty.8.I was persuaded by him, so I had to give in.9.The city of Berlin was in ruins at the end of the war.10.The number of deaths has reachedrisen to 50.11.After the accident, the injured were sent to hospital right away.12.They came to our rescue when we were in danger.13.The Huanghe river makes a wide bend at this point.14.Our journey by camel was quite an experience.15.She had just got out of bed and wasn’t properly dressed.16.Since he has made up his mind, it is no use arguing with him.17.When we arrived, we were surprised to find him still alive.18.This summer, we had a nice time in the countryside.19.On May 12th, 2008, people went to work or school as usual, not knowing at all that a disaster was just around the corner.20.We can’t wait for you to join us.21.We have missed the bus.It looks as if we will have to walk.22.The big earthquake that shook Wenchuan left tens of thousands of people homeless.23.The events that people think little of may lead to disasters.24.The year is at an endhas come to an end before we know it.25.I would like to express my thanks to the teachers who have helped me.26.No words are strong enough to express my apology to you.27.The people who survived the earthquake expressed their deep thanks to the army for the great efforts they had made to rescue them.28.We can’t lose hope and confidence no matter what happens to us.29.When we arrived at the station, we looked around but found nobody.30.Word came that the whole village lay in ruins after the flood.五.汉译英：
1．-----尽管年轻，他已取的了很大的成就。
-----是的，你也一样。(as;so)2．这种风俗习惯已经存在了两千多年，这令很多外国人非常吃惊。（around）3．他整天上网，但不喜欢玩电脑游戏，我也是这样。
4．在我国，北方人以小麦为主食，而南方人以大米为主食。5．他既能与别人一起愉快的工作，也能独自做很多事情。
6．我因粗心而考试不及格，所以这怪不得别人，只能怪我自己。(have)7．与动物交朋友可有助于我们理解动物保护的重要性。
8．直到我失去了这位朋友，我才意识到我们之间的友谊对我意味着什么。（倒装句）9．尽管我们从没谋面，我们却是最好的朋友。
10．当我感到沮丧的时候，他总是愿意听我倾诉并尽力帮助我。(down)五.1．-----Young as he is, he has made great achievements.-----So he has, and so have you.2.The custom has been around for more than two thousand years, which astonishes many foreigners.3.He surfs the Internet all the time but does not enjoy playing computer games, so it is with me./ It is the same with me.4.In our country, people in the north live on wheat while people in the south live on rice.5.He can not only work with others happily but also do many things all alone.6.I failed in the examination because of my carelessness, so I have nobody but only myself to blame.7.Making friends with animals can help us understand the importance of protecting them.8.Only after I lost such a friend, did I realize what the friendship between us meant to me.9.Although/ Despite the fact that we have never met each other, we are best friends.10.When I am feeling down, he will always listen to me and try to help me.六.汉译英：
1．这种植物不是到处都有的。（find）
2．天快黑的时候，他们来到了一个偏僻的小村庄。（find）3．他在回家的路上看到了一场交通事故。4．你还有什么地方不清楚吗？
5．由于他们理解汉语还有一定的难度，所以我不得不一遍又一遍的重复我说过的话。6．请再说一遍，我没听清。
7．在一个小孩的带领下，我们轻而易举的就找到了Mr.Smith的住处。8．妇女要求同工同酬。
9．在国际贸易中，具有一定的英语知识是十分必要的。10．他们国家盛产石油，而我们国家却一点没有。六．1.This plant can’t be found everywhere.2.As it was getting dark, they found themselves in a lonely small village.3.On his way back home, he saw a traffic accident.4.Is there anything that is not clear to you? 5.I had to repeat what I said again and again, because they still had some difficulty in understanding Chinese.6.I beg your pardon? I didn’t catch what you said.7.With a boy leading us, we had no difficulty in finding Mr.Smith’s house.8.Women demand equal pay for equal work.9.It is very necessary to have a knowledge of English in international trade.10.Their country has plenty of oil, while ours has none.七.汉译英：
1． 下个月他们将去北戴河避暑。
2．他经常旅游的原因是想品尝不同种类的食品。3．她戴着墨镜，以免眼睛被太阳灼伤。
4．祝你在香港玩的愉快，顺便说一下，代我向李华问好。
5．徒步旅行时，一定要记住这些基本的规则, 他们都与你的安全相关。（keep）6．他受到我们大家的爱戴和敬佩。
7．根据上周所作的调查，有百分之六十的学生反对这项决定。8．上周该地区发生了一次地震，许多楼房和汽车受损。（which）
9．我们开个聚会庆祝你的生日吧！同时，你看我们都邀请哪些人参加。10．过去，孩子们在街上玩是很平常的事。
七．1．Next month, they will go to Beidaihe to get away from hot weather.2．The reason why he often go traveling is that he wants to try new kinds of food.3．She is wearing her sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sun./ to prevent her eyes from being burned by the sun.4．Have a nice time in Hongkong.By the way, say “Hi” to Li Hua for me.5．When hiking, you must keep in mind these basic rules, which have much to do with your safety.6．He was loved and admired by all of us.7．According to the survey done last week, 60% of the students are against the decision.8．Last week, an earthquake happened in this area, in which many buildings and cars were damaged.9．Let`s have a party to celebrate your birthday.At the same time, who do you think we will invite.10．In the past, it was common for children to play in the street.八．汉译英：
1．Rachel 承认她费了很大的劲儿才理解了这项任务。(time)2．有朝一日，我实现了我的目标，我就幸福了。3．他仔细聆听，然后执行老师的指示。
4．他虽没有创出新的纪录，但他做出了很大的努力。（attempt）5．他向她求婚，但她拒绝了。
6．我非常珍惜和你一起度过的那些时光。7．马铃薯最初是由南美传入欧洲的。
8．这个城镇变化太大了，你会认不出她来的。9．人们普遍认为她是该国最优秀的作家之一。10．人们嘲笑她，因为她经常戴那么奇怪的帽子。
八．1．Rachel admitted that she had a hard time understanding the assignment.2.Some day when I achieve my goals, I will be happy.3．He listened carefully and carried out the teacher’s instructions.4.He failed to set a new record, but it was a good attempt.5.He asked her to marry him but she refused.6.I treasure the moments I spent with you.7.Potatoes were introduced into Europe from South America.8.The town has changed so much that you wouldn’t recognize it.9.She is generally regarded as one of the best writers in the country.10.People make fun of her because she wears such strange hats.九．汉语译：
1.——这是一封写给Mr.Brown的信，你能教给他吗？——好的。我一见到他就给他。2.遇到麻烦时可请他帮忙。
3．请写下你的名字和地址，以便我们必要时能与你联系。4．桌子上并排放着两个瓶子。
5．请尽快完成那份报告，越快越好。
6．那天晚上我们像平常一样大约在十点半睡觉。7．我偶尔顺路去看一看他。8．他热切希望你见见他的朋友。9.她靠什么谋生？
10．前些天，我们就学生如何打发他们的业余时间在2000名学生之间进行了一次调查。九.1.-----Here is a letter addressed to Mr.Brown.Could you give it to him?-----OK.The moment I see him, I will give it to him.2．When in trouble, you can turn to him for help.3.Please put down your name and address so that we can get in touch with you when necessary.4.Two bottles stand side by side on the table.5.Please get that report done as soon as possible-----the sooner the better.6.We went to bed that evening at 10:30 as usual.7.I drop in on him once in a while.8.He is eager for you to meet his friends.9.How does she makeearn her living? 10.The other day, we did a survey among 2,000 students on how they spend their spare time.十.汉译英：
1．我从事园艺工作十余年，从中获得了很大的满足。2．我们必须提高对顾客的服务质量。3．他因谋杀被判处死刑。
4．她喜欢弹钢琴，而她妹妹却喜欢打篮球。5．看到孩子们被照顾的很好，他感到非常满意。6．越来越多的公司在设立网站，这毫不奇怪。
7．我既没忘记告诉他这个消息也没忘记提醒他注意安全。8． 从头顶飞过的飞机的噪音可以损害人们的听觉。9．他的助手请他尽快在这张支票上签字。
10．周末，我宁愿呆在家里洗洗衣服、看看书。
十.1.I have been working in the garden for over 10 years, from which I get a lot of satisfaction.2.We must raise the quality of service to our customs.3.He was sentenced to death because of murder.4.She enjoys playing the piano while her sister likes playing basketball.5.He feels very content to see his children taken good care of.6.It is no surprise that an increasing number of companies are setting up web sites.7.I neither forgot to tell him the news nor remind him about his safety.8.People may have their hearing harmed by the noise of the planes passing overhead.9.His assistant requested him to sign the cheque as soon as possible.10.On weekends, I would rather stay at home and do some cleaning and reading.十一.汉译英：
1.我五点钟开车去接你。
2.这场事故发生在离她家仅一个街区的地方。3.我认为努力实现这一目标是每一个公民的责任。4．我们应该尊重老人、尊重父母、尊重老师。
5．根据规定，每位学生每次可借五本书，借阅时间为十天。6．如果有幸被选作志愿者，我将尽力提供最好的服务。
7．学校图书馆从周一到周五上午9点到下午7点开门，周末休息。8．我喜欢摄影，因为它能让我记录下生活中的美丽时刻。
9．我想参加和平与友谊夏令营，因为这是和各国青年交朋友并学习他们文化的绝佳机会。10．现在给你写信是想问一问你能否帮我个忙。十一.1.I will drive over to pick you up at 5.2.The accident took place only a block from his home.3.I think it is every citizen’s duty to work hard to achieve this goal.4.We should show our respect for old people, our parents and our teachers.5.According to the rule, every student can borrow up to 5 books each time and keep them for 10 days.6.If I have the honour of being chosen as a volunteer, I will try my best to offer the best service.7.The school library is open from 9 am to 7 pm from Monday to Friday(on weekdays)and closed on weekends.8.I am interested in photography because it allows me to record the beautiful moments in my life.9.I would like to join the Peace & Friendship Camp since it would be a great opportunity to make friends with young people from different countries and learn about their cultures.10.Now I am writing to ask whether you are able to do me a favour.十二.英译汉：
1．多年来他们一直在讨论迁居乡间的事。2.我和那家公司六年没有来往了（have）。3．我们偶尔到公园野餐。
4．我希望你已充分利用了你的时间。
5．顺便说一下，你不能总是靠你父母生活。6．你这次考试成绩不好，换句话说，你没及格。
7．我的眼睛一定有毛病，我下周到医院去检查一下。8．谁也不能阻止这项计划的实施。
9．随着现代工农业的发展，废物也愈来愈多了。10．当母亲接受治疗时，孩子可能要与她隔离开。
十二．1．For years they have talked about moving to the country.2.I have had nothing to do with that company.3.We go for a picnic in the park once in a while.4.I hope you have made good use of your time.5.By the way, you can’t depend on your parents for a living all the time.6.Your performance in the exam is bad;in other words, you failed.7.Something must be wrong with my eyes.I will have them examined in hospital next week.8.No one can stoppreventkeep the plan from being carried out.9.With the development of modern agriculture and industry, more and more waste is produced.10.The child may be separated from his mother while she receives treatment.十三 英译汉：
1．令我感到很惊讶的是，这家餐馆实际上是非常不错的。2．这个系为学生开设了各种各样的课程。3．努力工作，你的梦想迟早会实现的。
4．前些天，我们就学生对校服的意见与看法在我校500名学生之间进行了一次调查。5．你老是打断我是不太礼貌的。
6．经过漫长的航行，回到家时他们又渴又饿。7．政府应该制定出团结而不是分裂人民的法律。8．他抬起头来惊讶的望着我，不知该说什么。9．不论将来你遇到什么事，我都会支持你。10．出与安全考虑，那个站台被拆除了。
十三.1.Much to my surprise, the restaurant was actually very nice.2.Students are offered a wide variety of courses in this department.3.Work hard and your dreams will come true sooner or later.(in time)4.The other day, we did a survey on our school uniform among 500 students in our school.5.It wasn’t very polite of you to keep interrupting me.6.After the long voyage, they arrived home, hungry and thirsty.7.The government should make laws aiming to unite, not divide, people.8.He looked up at me in surprise, not knowing what to say.9.I will support you no matter what happens to you.10.The platform was taken down for safety reasons.十四．汉译英：
1．如果当时你动动脑子，你现在就不至于陷入困境。2．努力提高人民的生活水平是每一个政府官员的职责。3．我们一个劲地往上爬，一直爬到山顶。
4．我经常想起我的一位朋友，过去我常常和他一起在这家公园散步。5．我一收到他的来信就立刻拆开读了起来。6．现在电话几乎取代了电报。7．这种疾病蔓延全国。
8．我不知道我能否说服他，但至少我会试一试。9．经常进行体育运动对我们的健康有好处。10．老师要求我们尽量多背些美妙的诗歌。
十四.1.If you had used your head, you wouldn’t be in trouble now.2.It is the duty of every government official to try his best to raiseimprove people’s standards.3.On and on we climbed, until we got to the top of the mountain.4.I often think of a friend of mine , with whom I used to take a walk in the park.5.As soon as I received his letter, I tore it open and began to read it.6.Nowadays, telephones have almost taken the place of telegrams.7.The disease spread throughout the country.8.I don’t know if I can persuade him, but at least I can have a try.9.Often having sports can do some good to our health.10.The teacher asked us to learn by heart as many excellent poems as possible.
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