商务英语总结

第一篇：商务英语总结

Along with the deepening of economic globalization, development and accession to the WTO since the rapid growth of China's foreign trade, China and countries and regions all over the world economic and trade exchanges is becoming more frequent, English is engaged in foreign trade activities of business people for business exchanges and an important tool for communication.Business English trading activities have gradually become an indispensable part.Business English is a business application in the field of language, the language of the salient features of the application is professional and strong, meaning a relatively narrow face, the use of more scientific terms, professional.Many common English words in common, however, business English has its special meaning from the professional early seventies, linguists of the Language in Business English more and more interested in the use of.Pragmatic scientists, sports scientists and conversational analysts from different point of view of business with the characteristics of English language, stylistic features and characteristics of discourse.Business English language has its own characteristics of style, features and pragmatics of discourse characteristics.Business English sentences short, use active voice, present tense and the sentence, such as affirmative.The impact of its purpose, business letter form the structure of text, paragraphs, the characteristics of apparent natural clear convergence and coherence.This is a feature of its discourse with.Business English usually has six key principles: the correct, complete, clear, concise, considerate and courteous.In this paper, the basis of previous studies to try a new approach to the purpose of analysis---a letter from the business point of view to analyze the characteristics of the language of business English, focusing on inspection of its lexical features 随着经济全球化的深入发展和加入WTO，中国的对外贸易快速增长，世界各地的经贸往来中国和国家和地区日趋频繁，英语是从事对外经贸活动的商务人士进行商务交流与沟通的重要工具。商务英语逐渐成为贸易活动中不可缺少的一部分。商务英语在语言领域的商业应用，应用的显著特点的语言是专业性强，意义面相对较窄，多使用科学术语，专业。许多常见的英语常用词，然而，商务英语有其特殊的意义，从专业的七十年代初，语言学家对语言在商务英语中的运用问题越来越感兴趣。语用学家，运动科学家和英语语言的特点，从各自不同的角度分析商务会话分析家，文体特征和语篇特征。商务英语的语言有其自身的文体特点，语篇特征和语用特色。商务英语句子简短，多用主动语态，现在时和句子，如肯定。其目的的影响，商务信函形式的文本段落，结构，明显的衔接和连贯自然清晰的特点。这是一个特征的话语。商务英语通常有六大原则：正确，完整，清晰，简明，体贴周到的。本文在前人研究的基础上，试图分析——一封从业务的角度来分析商务英语的语言特点的目的的一种新方法，重点调查其词汇特征

Business English in his section you'll find materials and lesson plans to get your students prepared for real work scenarios and introduce them to business-related language and grammar, as well as tips and ideas on a range of teaching techniques used in business English classes.And, if you need to keep your lessons topical, our Business Spotlight series provides the perfect solution: based on articles from Business Spotlight, it covers a range of stimulating professional topics, from honesty in job interviews to the challenges of self-employment – and we add a new one every month!商务英语在他的部分，你会发现材料和课程计划来让你的学生准备的实际工作情况，向他们介绍相关的语言和语法，以及一系列的用于商务英语课堂教学技术，技巧和想法。并且，如果你需要保持你的课程主题，我们的业务焦点系列提供了完美的解决方案：基于业务的聚光灯下的文章，它涵盖了一系列刺激的专业问题，从诚信在求职面试中的自我就业–挑战，我们添加一个新的每一个月！

Different In Business English, we can use all the learning English more systematic and some exclusive terms.As we learned there like premium, insight into the performance, such as.These words are the traditional English learning books above to.在商务英语中，我们能更加系统的学习英语的各种用法和一些专属名词。比如我们学过的就有像溢价，绩效，洞察之类的。这些词语是传统英语书上面所学习不到的。

Structure Structure of academic English take is very strict, compared with the general English article, is of great readability, and the level of clarity, there is always a total score, total points like form.The most critical is the characteristic of the article also generally longer.学术英语所采取的结构都是十分严谨的，相对于一般英语文章而言，具有较大的可读性，而且文章的层次清晰，总有着总分，分总之类的形式。最关键的是文章也普遍较长的特点。Theme Academic subjects in English are relatively large, and it is through long-term research conclusion.Theoretical article is very stringent, from psychology, business, mathematics, statistics to analyze every angle.Through the case, convincing data to strengthen the.学术英语的主题都是比较大的，而且都是经过长期研究得出的结论。文章的理论性十分严谨，从心理学，商学，数学，统计学各个角度来分析。通过案例，数据来加强文章的说服力。

Last In academic English class more freedom, the interaction between teachers and students a lot, also hope that develops for a long time, thank you teacher and a semester of teaching.最后的

在学术英语课堂教师和学生更多的自由，很多之间的相互作用，也希望长期发展，谢谢老师和一个学期的教学

第二篇：大学商务英语总结

术语翻译：

1、复式记账double-entrybookkeeping2、会计循环accounting cycle3、财务报表financial statement4、会计恒等式accounting equation5、留存收益retainedearning6、净利润净损失net income/ net loss7、原始凭证source document8、日记账（普通特种）general / special journal9、分类账（总明细）general /subsidiary ledger10、试算平衡表trial balance11、调整分录adjusting entries12、财务报表附注 notes to the financial statements13、权益融资 equity financing14、债务融资 debt financing15、financial and security institution 金融和证券机构

16、Accounting Standards For Business Enterprise企业会计准则

17、短期偿债能力short-term liquidity18、长期偿债能力long-term solvency19、资本结构 capital structure20、坏账准备 provision for bad debts21、融资租入固定资产fixed assets financed by leasing22、流动负债current liabilities23、construction in progress 在建工程

24、goods in process 在产品

25、deferred tax on debit/credit 递延税款/借款款项

26、accounts payable 应付账款

27、notes receivable 应收票据

28、advances from customers 预收账款

29、paid-in capital 实收资本

30、capital reserve资本公积

31、surplus reserve盈余公积

32、undistributed profit未分配利润

33、accrual-based accounting 权责发生制

34、cash-based accounting 现金收付制

35、先进先出法（FIFO）first in first out36、后进先出法（LIFO）last in first out37、加权平均法weighted average38、成本与市价孰低法（LCM）lower of cost and market39、lower of the carrying amount and recoverable amount 可收回金额与账面金额孰低

40、成本法 cost method41、权益法 equity method42、issue a bond at a premium/discount 折价/溢价发行

43、本金 principal44、（债券的）票面价值face value45、残值residual value46、累计折扣 accumulated depreciation47、销售退回 return of sales48、销售折让 sales allowance49、销售折扣 sales discount50、计划成本法 planned costing51、定额成本法 norm costing52、成本差异 cost variance53、营业外支出 non-operating expense54、所得税 income tax55、投资损失（收益）investment loss（profit）

56、ROA资产收益率

57、ROE投资报酬率

58、ROI投资收益率

59、P/E ratio 每股市价/每股盈余

60、M/B value 市场价值与账面价值的比例

61、EPS 每股盈余

62、working capital 营运资本

63、EBIT息税前利润

64、capital gains 资本利得

65、market equilibrium 市场均衡

66、CAPM 资本资产定价模型capital assets pricing model67、capital cost 资本成本

68、贴现率discount rate69、业务凭证business document70、过账 post71、固定资产减值准备provision for impairment loss on fixed assets72、系统风险system risk73、marketable security 可出售债券

74、共同比报表 common-size statement75、独资 the sole proprietorship

句子与段落翻译

1、Double-entry accounting is an old universally accepted system for recording accounting data.With double-entry accounting each transaction is recorded in a way that maintains the equality of the basic accounting equation: Assets =liabilities, + OwnersEquity.To summarize, the following are the important features of double entry accounting:

(1)Assets are increased(增加)by debits(借方)and decreased by credits(贷方).(2)Liabilities and owners, equity accounts are increased by credits and decreased by debits.(3)Owners’equity for a corporation include capital stock accounts and the retained earnings account。

(4)Revenues，expenses，and dividends relate to owners’equity through the retained earnings accounts.(5)Expenses and dividends are increased by debits and decreased by credits because owners equity.(6)Revenues are increased by credit and decreased by debits.(7)The difference between total and revenues and total expenses for a period is net income(loss),which increase(decrease)owners equity through retained earnings.复式记账法是一种古老而被广泛接受的会计数据记录系统。复式记账能确保每项交易的记录都不影响会计基本恒等式的平衡：

资产=负债+所有者权益

总的来说，复式记账具有以下一些重要特点：

（1）资产增加计入借方，减少计入贷方。

（2）负债和所有者权益账户增加计入贷方，减少计入借方。

（3）一家公司的所有者权益包括股票资本账户和留存收益账户。

（4）收入、费用及股利通过留存收益账户与所有者权益相联系。

（5）费用和股利增加计入借方，减少计入贷方，因为它们影响所有者权益。

（6）收入增加计入贷方，减少计入借方。

（7）每期收入总额与费用总额之差为净利润（损失），其透过留存收益增加（减少）所有者权益。

2、Depreciation is the process of computing expenses from allocating the cost of plant and equipment（long-term assets）over their expected useful lives in the production of revenues.Adjusting entries for depreciation expenses involve increasing(debiting)depreciation expenses and a subtraction and thus used to record the declining asset balance.The plant and equipment account is not credited for depreciation.折旧是在工厂设备(长期资产)预期可创造收入的使用年限内,对其成本进行系统摊销的过程,针对折旧费用的调整分录为增加(借记)折旧费用,增加(贷记)一个称为“累计折旧”的专门账户，累计折旧属于资产备抵账户，它作为资产的减项用以记录资产余额的减损，厂场设备账户是不贷记折旧。

3、Financial reports are final products of accounting calculation.They are the written documents summarizing and reflecting the financial position and operating results of an enterprise, including a balance sheet, an income statement, a cash flow statement together with notes to the financial statements, and explanatory statement on financial condition.财务报告是会计核算的最终产品,是汇总反映企业财务状况和经营成果的书面文件,包括资产负债表、利润表、现金流量表以及一些补充表格，报表附注和有关财务情况的解释性报表。

4、An income statement is an accounting statement that reflects the operating results of an enterprise within an accounting period，as well as the distribution.The purpose for preparing the income statement is to provide users within accounting information on the operating results of the business.Functions of the income statement are as follow : to help explain, evaluate andpredict the operating results and profitability of a business ；to help explain，evaluate and predict

solvency；to help the management make operating decision；to evaluate the managements performance.利润表是反映企业某一会计期间,经营成果及其分配的会计报表.编制利润表的目的是为了向使用者提供有关企业经营成果的会计信息,利润表的功能包括:帮助解释、评价、预测长期偿债能力，帮助管理层进行经营决策，帮助评价管理层的业绩。

5、Notwithstanding its usefulness，the balance sheet has some serious limitations.External users often need to know a company sworth.The balance sheet, however, does not generally reflect the current value of a business.Actually, many assets are reported at historical cost.which is usually less than market value, and other assets are not included in the balance sheet at all, accordingly, the balance sheet numbers are often a very poor reflection of what a company is worth.A related problem with the balance sheet is the instability of the measurement currency.An additional limitation of the balance sheet is that all companies do not classify and report all like items similarly.尽管资产负债表很有用，但也有一些严重的缺陷，外部使用者经常需要知道一家公司的价值，但是资产负债表一般并不反映企业的当前价值，实际上，许多资产通常是按低于市场价值的历史成本报告的，而另一些资产甚至都没有包括在表内，因此，通常资产负债表数字几乎不反映公司的价值。与资产负债表相关的一个问题是计价货币的不稳定性。另一个缺陷是没有做到所有公司对于相似的项目都采用类似的方法进行分类和报告。

6、Based on the information from financial statement，we can calculate many financial ratios to provide information about following areas of financial performance：（1）short-term Liquidity，（2）long-term solvency and capital structure，（3）profitability，（4）efficiency，（5）growth，and（6）market value

财务报表的来的信息的基础上，我们可以计算很多财务比率来给以下财务经营领域提供信息

（1）短期偿债能力（2）长期偿债能力和资本结构（3）盈余能力（4）效率（5）增长率（6）市场价值

7、The value of a stock is equal to the stream of cash payments discounted at the rate of return that investors expect to receive on securities。Common stocks do not have a fixed cash payments consist of an indefinite stream of dividends。The present

tvalue of acommon stock is PV=DIVt/（1+r）

股票价值等于按投资者预期从可比证券上获得的回报率贴现的现金流出，普通股没有固定的到期日，其现金支付由无限期的股利流组成，因此普通股的现值等于

8、The risk of an investment is best judged in a portfolio context.Most investors do not put all their eggs into one basket.They diversify.Thus the effective risk of any security cannot be judged by an examination of that security alone.Part of the uncertainty about the security s return is “diversified away” when the security is grouped with others in a portfolio.投资的风险最好在投资组合中予以确定,大多数投资者不会把鸡蛋放在同一个篮子里,他们会分散投资,因此仅靠对单个证券的体验并不能判断出该证券的有效风险.如果某一证券与其他证券组成投资组合,则该证券收益的不确定性将被部分”分散掉”.9、Beta measures the amount that investors expected the stock price to change for each additional 1 percent change in the market.The average beta of all stocks is 1.0.A stock with a beta greater than 1 is unusually sensitive to market movements;a stock with a beta below 1 is unusually insensitive to market.Thus a diversified portfolio invested in stocks with a beta of 2.0 will have twice the risk of a diversified portfolio with a beta of 1.0.β衡量了市场每增加变动百分之一时投资者预期股价将变化的大小,所用股票的β平均值为1.0,贝塔值超过1的股票对市场的变化异常敏感,而贝塔值低于1的股票对市场的变化就不那么敏感.因此贝塔为2.0的股票组合的风险是贝塔为1.0的股票组合风险的两倍.10、The basic principles of portfolio selection boil down to a commonsense statement that investors try to increase the expected return on their portfolio and to reduce the standard deviation of that return.A Portfolio that gives the highest expected return for a given standard deviation, or the lowest standard deviation for a given expected return, is known as an efficient portfolio.投资组合选择的基本原则归结为一种常识性的说法是，投资和力图提高其投资组的期望并减少该收益的标准差，有效投资组合是那些特定标准差下具有最高期望收益或特定期望收益与下具有最低标准差的投资组合。

简答题

1、what are the two formats of balance sheet and the two formats of income statement separately？资产负债表的两种形式是什么?

The fundamental forms of balance sheet include account form and report form

An account form of balance sheet has two sides.The left side shows items of assets, the right side shows items of liabilities and owner s equity.It looks a “T” account, it is based on the equation stated as “assets=liabilities + owner s equity” The report form of the balance sheet states items of assets, liabilities and owner s equity horizontally, where assets are stated on the upper part of the balance sheet, liabilities and owner s equity on the lower part.It is based on the equation stated as “assets-liabilities=owner s equity”

2、How to calculate the following financial ratios? Please write down the formulas.如何计算下列财务比率,写出他们的公式

Current ratio=total current assets/total current liabilities

流动比率=流动资产总额/流动负债总额

Quick ratio=quick assets/total current liabilities

速动比率=速动资产/速动负债总额

Accounts receivable turnover=sales/accounts receivable

应收账款周转率=销售收入/平均应收账款

Days inventory=days in period/inventory turnover

平均收账期=天数/存货周转率

Debt ratio=total debt/total assets

负债比率=总负债/总资产

Equity multiplier=total assets/total equity权益乘数=总资产/总权益

Interest coverage=EBIT/interest expense

利息保障倍数=息税前利润/利息费用

ROA=net income/average total assets

资产收益率=净利润/平均总资产

ROE=net income/average stockholder s equity

权益报酬率=净利润/平均股东权益

Net profit margin=net income/total operating revenue

Payout ratio=cash dividends/net income

Total asset turnover=sales/average total assets

P/E ratio=market price per share/EPS

市盈率=每股市价/每股盈余

M/B vale=market price per share/book value per share

市值与账面值比=每股市价/每股账面价值

3、How to decompose the ROA and ROE according to the DuPont System？

通过杜邦分析体系来分解ROA，ROE

ROE=profitability * efficiency * leverage

=ROS * asset turnover * asset-to-equity ratio

=net income/sales * sales/asset * asset/equity4、what is NPV? And what is the NPV rule？什么是净现值法则？

NPV is present value plus any immediate cash flow

NPV rule：the financial manager cannot affect the interest rate but can increase,stockholders wealth.The way to do so is to invest in assets having

positive net present values

第三篇：商务英语-总结会议

商务英语 / 对公众说话 / 12 总结会议 Concluding a Business Meeting Action公司第三季会议在各部门负责人一一报告，以及与会者热烈讨论之后，即将落幕。会议主持人Jennifer，此时再度上台，为会议做个总结。

That wraps up the last item on the agenda.Before we close, are there any questions?

Fine.In summary, I think we agree that this quarter's domestic sales figures show a marked trend in microwave sales.Sam, I'd like you to follow up on that, please.Let's see where this is heading.Jane, thank you for the comprehensive PR status report.I understand there are still a few problems to be worked out, but we all trust in your ability.Ladies and gentlemen, the new design is satisfactory.Let's keep Action ahead of the game.Finally, I appreciate your comments and suggestions about the Canadian sales outlook.This is our first opportunity to promote our products in North America, so we certainly want to cover every detail.Well, then, that covers everything.I make a motion to close the third quarterly meeting of Action Appliances.Is there a second?

短语解说

wrap up 完成；结束

这是个口语用法，意同“conclude”、“finish”和“close”。主词可以是人或物。I'd like to quickly wrap up this meeting, so we can go home.我想赶快把这个会议结束，那我们就可以回家。marked trend 明显的趋势

“marked”是过去分词当形容词，有‘醒目的、明显的’意思；“trend”是指事物或社会现象变动的趋势。

Judging from the graph, you can see a marked trend upward on the Japanese stock exchange.依照这张图表，你们可以看出日本股市明显地上涨。follow up on(something)进一步了解 “follow”原是「跟随」的意思；这个词组是指注意某事发展，并进一步深入地了解它。介系词“on”之后所跟的名词词组即代表需要了解的事。

We can take care of that problem when we follow up.等我们更进一步地了解问题后，就容易解决了。

status report 状况报告

“status”指‘事情的状况’。一般公司都会要求每个计划或部门的负责人在固定的时间，报告事情的最新进展，即“status report”。

The accounting department is required to submit weekly status reports to our general manager.会计部必须每周向总经理提出现况报告。work out 解决，完成

这个俚语在此是指‘解决问题’，通常有得到圆满结果之含意。除此之外，它还有‘算出…；锻炼身体’等的解释。

Things will work out as long as you are patient.只要你有耐心，事情早晚会解决的。ahead of the game 领先

这是俚语用法，照字面解释，指在一项运动比赛中‘领先其它的人’；亦即表示在某种情况中占优势，超越他人。

She studies hard every day to stay ahead of the game.她为了要领先其它同学，每天都很用功。

句型总结

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讨论结束

1.That wraps up the last item on the agenda.2.That takes care of the last order of business.3.That concludes the final order of business.主席首先应宣布讨论已经结束，之后再作结语。“wrap up”与“conclude”的意思相同，表示‘结束’。“take care of”在此有‘完成’之意。●

总结重点

1.In summary, I think we agree that this quarter's domestic sales figures show a marked trend in microwave sales.2.Overall, I think we are in agreement about the third quarter's sales figures that show a marked trend in microwave sales.3.To repeat, we agree that the microwave sales figures are showing a marked trend.宣布讨论结束之后，主持人应总结会议的讨论结果或要点。“I think we agree…”是一个的间接句法，婉转地询问其它人的意见；而“in summary”、“overall”或“to repeat”是作摘要的实用词汇，通常置于句首。

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感谢与会者

1.Finally, I appreciate your comments and suggestions about the Canadian sales outlook.2.And lastly, thank you for your comments and suggestions about the Canadian sales outlook.3.In conclusion, I welcome your comments and suggestions about the sales outlook for Canada.做过要点总结后，主席可以感谢与会者的建议和参与。用“finally”、“lastly”或“in conclusion”来承接上文，亦表示这是谈话的最后一段了。并以“appreciate” ,“thank you”这些字眼表达谢意。

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提议散会

1.I make a motion to close the third quarterly meeting of Action Appliances.Is there a second?

2.I'd like to make a motion to conclude the third quarterly meeting of Action Appliances.Is there a second?

3.I move that we close this quarterly meeting.Do I have a second?

最后主席应提出散会的动议，并要求台下的人附议，若有人附议，即可进行表决，决定散会与否。

第四篇：商务英语概念总结

Unit 10 1.Marketing: Marketing is a total system of business activities designed to plan,price,promotion and distribute want-satisfying products to target markets to achieve organizational objectives.2.Market opportunity: profitable possibilities of filling unsatisfied needs or creating new ones in areas in which the company is likely to enjoy a differential advantage,due to its distinctive competencies.3.Market research: collect and analyze information about the size of a potential market,about consumer’s reaction to particular product or service features,and so on.4.Marketing mix: all the various elements of a marketing programme,their integration,and the amount of effort that a company can expend on them in order to influence the target market.5.Four Ps’of marketing mix: Product(include quality, features, style, brand name, size, packaging,services and guarantee.)Place(includes such factors as distribution channels, locations of points of sale,transport,inventory size)Promotion(it groups together advertising,publicity,sales promotion,and personal selling)Price(includes the basic list price,discounts,the length of the payment period,possible credit terms,and so on)6.Producer/industrial/business Market: consisting of all the individuals and organizations that acquire goods and services that are used in the production of other goods,or in the supply of services others.7.target market: refers to a groups of people or organizations at which a firm directs a marketing program.8.Selling: assumes that resisting consumers have to be persuaded by vigorous hard-selling techniques to buy non-essential goods or services.9.Marketing: assumes that the producer’s task is to find wants and fill them.Unit 11 1.word-of mouth advertising（口头广告）which occurs when people tell their friends about the benefits of products or services that they have purchased.2.institutional/prestige advertising(机构/信誉广告)which is designed to build up their reputation rather than to sell particular products.3.a brief: a statement of the objectives of the advertising campaign.4.overall advertising strategy： it concerning the message to be communicated to the target customers.5.a media plan: specifying which media will be used and in which proportions.Unit 12 1.develop product or brand awareness: inform potential customers(and distributors,dealers and retailers)about the product’s existence,its feature,its advantages,and so on.2.promotion tools: advertising, public relations, sales promotion,or personal selling 3.public relations(PR):is

concerned

with maintaining, improving or protecting the image of a company or product.4.publicity(the most important element of PR): which is any mention of a company’s products that is not paid for,in any medium read ,viewed or heard by a company’s customers or potential customers,aimed at assisting sales.5.sales promotions such as free samples, coupons,price reductions, competitions, and so on,are temporary tactics designed to stimulate either earlier or stronger sales of a product.6.personal selling is the most expensive promotion tool, and is generally only used sparingly, eg.as a complement to advertising.Unit 13 1.accounting: interpreting，process

of

measuring, financial

communicating information to enable people inside and outside the firm to make informed.2.historical cost accounting历史成本会计: which records assets at their original purchase price,minus accumulated depreciation charges.3.current cost or replacement cost accounting重置成本会计: which values assets(and related expenses like depreciation)at the price that would have to be paid to replace them(or to buy a more modern equivalent)today.4.the profit and loss account or income statement损益表 shows earnings and expenditure.It usually gives figures for total sales or turnover,and cost,expenses and overheads.5.利益的流向：to the government in taxation, to shareholders as a dividend, retained by the company.6:the balance sheet资产负债表 shows a company’s financial situation on a particular date,generally the last day of the financial year.It lists the company’s assets,its long-term and short-term liabilities,and shareholders’ funds.7.intangible assets无形资产,whose value is difficult to quantify or turn into cash,such as goodwill,patents,copyrights and trade marks.8.tangible assets有形资产: plant, equipment, cash, real estate 9.the basic accounting equation会计恒等式: Assets=Liabilities+owners’ Equity, this can be rewritten as Assets-Liabilities=owners’ Equity or Net Assets 10.Net Assets

净资产 includes share capital,share premium or paid-in surplus,and the company’s reserves.11.company’s market capitalization公司市场资本化: the total value of its shares at any given time, ie.shares times their market price.12.double-entry bookkeeping复式簿记: that all transactions are entered as a credit in one account and as a debit in another.13.the funds flow statement or source and application of funds statement(GB)or the statement of changes in financial position(US)资金流量表：It shows the flow of cash in and out of the business between balance sheet dates.14.Sources of funds include trading profits, depreciation

provisions，sales

of

assets, borrowing, and the issuing of shares.15.Applications of funds include purchases of fixed or financial assets, payment of dividends, repayment of loans,and-in a bad year-trading losses.Unit 14 1.Commercial or retail banks are business that trade in money, they receive and hold deposits, pay money according to customers’

instructions,lend money, offer investment advice, exchange foreign currencies and so on.2.investment banks raise funds for industry on the various

financial

markets，finance international trade, issue and underwrite securities, deal with take overs and mergers,and issue government bonds.3.A Eurocurrency is any currency held outside its country of origin.Unit 15 1.A limited company is a legal entity separated from its owners,and is only liable for the amount of capital that has been invested in it.2.Articles of Association公司章程,which set out the duties of directors and the rights of shareholders.Unit 17 1.Futures markets期货市场 on which contracts can be made to buy and sell commodities, currencies, and various financial assets,at a future date,but with the price fixed at the time of the deal.2.A call option看涨期权 gives the right to buy securities(or currency or a commodity)at a certain price during a certain period of time.3.A put option 看跌期权gives the right to sell an asset at a certain price during a certain period of time.

第五篇：国际商务英语总结-

国际商务英语培训个人总结

我很荣幸能能被集团公司列入千人计划，七个月的商务英语培训转眼即逝，通过这七个月的培训，我受益匪浅。在这儿不紧把我的英语大幅度的提升，还学习了和中国不同的西方商务礼仪，并结交了集团公司各方面的精英，为我以后在国际上工作奠定了坚实的基础，同时也能为公司奉献自己更大的力量！

因为我已经工作好几年，英语可以说几乎忘光了。刚来到这儿的时候第一节课接触的就是外教，上课间没有一句汉语，这让我很难明白外教的教学内容。记得第一次上交流课时，我每说一句英语都要提前查一下单词并思考一下语句，并且从第一句话开始我已经开始冒汗！所以我需要更加努力，首先我定制了属于我自己的计划，上课努力去听的同时我需要记下生词，直到能熟练运用。渐渐的我能听懂外教的课程并且慢慢融入整个课堂！

通过这次英语的培训总结了以下几点:

1、学语言是枯燥乏味的，且没有捷径。尽管不能否认，好的教材，辅助设备，老师，环境，以及个人的恒心乃至天分，都对学好外语有一定作用。然而绝不存在一种超越一切普通方法的神招妙术。国内流行过无数的国外英语教材和五花八门的学习方法，然而无不是昙花一现。常识和专家早就告诉我们：学外语和学其他一种技能一样，只能靠日积月累，无论什么方法都一样。

2、“成功”与否取决于具体目标。十个学外语的人大概就有十种不同的目地。例如考级，职称，学分，工作需要，留学，进入外企，上网浏览，乃至于看懂产品说明书等等。目的不同，所要投入的时间和精力也大不相同。例如对于一个受过中等以上教育，除了“ABC”之外基本没有英语基础的人，看懂简短的英语的产品说明书也只需半小时。要通过英语六级则需不止几个半小时甚至几天。若要达到和自己的母语一样的水平，能够在国外进行商务谈判，唯一的办法就是不断的学习，天天使用。

3、学习的方法和侧重点也取决于学习的目标。我感到国内目前流行的英语教学方式太强调听，说，读，写面面俱到的训练。其实绝大多数英语学习者是没有或很少有机会“说”和“写”的。因此这种训练往往是事倍功半。因为学得再好不用很快就忘记了。对于绝大多数人来说，“听、说”是唯一有实际效用，也是唯一能够尽快掌握的技能。通过我坚持不懈的努力，语音标准，能用英语表述流畅，通晓英语的基本语法，并通过后期的FDIC课程，掌握了一定数量的工程英语词汇。能够适应集团公司在国外从事国际工程项目建设对外语的需求，具有胜任各项任务的能力。掌握了常用商务信函格式，能够撰写各类商务信函，对在不同文化背景下对信函准确内涵的理解。并了解了国际政治、经济和国际商务知识，世界地缘政治。了解了国外及东道国的地理位置、自然条件、基础设施状况、具有在东道国进行国际工程项目组织管理的能力。提高了英语的综合运用能力，能够熟练的运用英语解决国际工程建设中的各种商务问题。并了解团队合作的精神，团队合作的意义与作用，具有团队合作的组织与管理能力。

尤为重要的一点，使我们进一步领略了集团公司的“走出去战略”的发展理念。如果可以的话，希望自己能够在国外为公司创造更多的荣誉，洒下更多的汗水，为我们公司的蓬勃发展献出点滴的贡献！让公司更上一层楼。

耿士超

2016年6月29日