浅谈孩子教育常见的几个话题

第一篇：浅谈孩子教育常见的几个话题

浅谈孩子教育常见的几个话题

一、孩子要东西时，家长应该如何做好思想工作？ 这个是我们常见的问题，一般情况下，家长们会有两种反应，一是严加训斥，一口拒绝；一是有求必应，或是被纠缠不过，委曲求全。其实这两种反应严格来说都是特别恰当，缺乏正确的思想引导，而应该对孩子要的“东西”区别对待，如果孩子是购买学习用品，这种情况一般都当做是“正当”需求，一般都会满足孩子。关于孩子需要购买一些与学习无关的东西的时候，首先我们要在日常生活中培养孩子勤奋学习和勤俭节约的好习惯，潜移默化的给孩子一个“好孩子”的形象，让孩子自己要形成自己的标准。其次，遇到孩子提出无理要求的时候，提醒或暗示孩子的行为方式是错了，让孩子能意识到错误。再次，孩子始终不依不饶，穷追不舍的时候，我们可以以沉默来对孩子略施惩罚，因为对一个孩子而言，家长沉默的力量是巨大的，直到孩子承认自己的错误，我们再给孩子鼓励和褒奖，如此才能加强孩子辨别是非的能力。

二、孩子和别人打架时，家长该如何处理? 我们要明白，孩子之间打架纯粹是因为童言无忌或玩游戏时候产生的一些不愉快，所以要了解事情的真相，如果是自己的孩子错了，一定不要觉得没面子，必须批评自己的孩子，并真诚地向对方家长道歉。如果是对方错了，我们也要告诉他不对的地方，切记语气不能凶，而是以讲道理的方式，毕竟孩子还小，要保护孩子幼小的自尊心。当然面对孩子也可以做个和事老，分别给两个孩子一份礼物，撮合他们重新和好，化解孩子的矛盾，以达到教育孩子与人相处要和睦相处的目的。

三、孩子撒谎怎么办？

孩子是这个世界上最诚实的人了，他们心灵纯洁，心里的一切都是善的，当发现孩子撒谎的时候，正说明孩子在智力发展的过程中，父母一定要正确的引导。撒谎没有任何原因和理由，那一定是错的，所以必须对孩子进行严厉的批评，并肯定的告诉孩子这个行为的错误以及对未来的影响，别以为孩子听不懂，请记住：良好的家庭教育从来都是“有教就有，没有教一辈子都没有”。

以上三个问题都是孩子常见的问题，只要我们用正确的方式给予孩子教育，孩子未来就会形成正确的价值观，在此，也提醒所有的爸爸妈妈们，千万要记住教育孩子的真谛“耳濡目染，言传身教”。

第二篇：英语演讲常见话题

1.What are the responsibilities of college students?

2.True friendship

3．How should you prepare for a job interview?

4.Learn to walk before you can run

5.The difficulties of finding a job after college graduation

6.My views on the expansion of college enrollment

7.My ideal English teacher

8.In life, it is attitude that matters most.9.Who should be responsible for environmental protection?

10.Look before you leap.11.Smile and the world smiles with you.12.The importance of recycling

13.Is money equal to success?

14.China in 20 years

15.If I had a time machine, …

16.Do not put off until tomorrow what you can do today.17.The role of the Internet for college students

18.My ideal university

19.My views on TV pop shows like “Super Girls” and “Happy Boys”

20.Smoking should be banned in public places.

第三篇：商务英语口试常见话题

In this part each candidate’s task is to choose one topic from a set of three, and to talk about it for one minute.Candidates have one minute in which to prepare and should use this time to make brief notes.The other candidate listens to the talk and is invited to ask one or two questions at the end.Candidates may make notes while listening to their partner.Each candidate is given a different set of three tasks from which to choose.General procedure

A choice of three different topics One minute preparation while making notes A/B starts with the other listening---one minute Question asked

1.Customer relation: the importance of offering incentives to customers

Offering incentives to customers can help you to strengthen your customer base and enhance customer loyalty.If you offer incentives such as vouchers, complementary tickets, miles, gifts in the promotion or sales, you will attractive more customers and get them buy your products or services.At the same time the image of your company will be improved and your brands are more likely to be known by customers.2.Product promotion: how to ensure that products are promoted effectively at international trade fairs

You should send a professional team of experts to arrange the promotion at the trade fair.They must be familiar with the products you want to promote at the fair.Meanwhile they must be good at dealing with clients especially foreign clients.You should use advanced technology to display your products at the fair.Necessary equipments such as DVD, overhead projector, high-definition screen can help you demonstrate the quality, function and specification of your products.You should design your show room and stand carefully to attract more customers.Your stand should be put up at an obvious place so that every customer can get an easy access to your products.3.How to reduce labor turnover rates

In order to reduce labor turnover rates we must take the following effective measures: Set up a clear staff appraisal process to make sure that the performance of every staff can be evaluated openly and honestly and their promotion is based on their contribution to the company.Thus no one will complaint about unfair promotion which once forced some of your staff to leave their jobs.If permits enhance the staff benefits including their base pay annual bonus and other benefits.An incentive system should also be necessary to encourage the staff to work with the company longer.Improve the work environment of your company or factory.Try to foster a spirit of mutual help among your staff and let them understand that the company or factory is far more than just a workplace.It’s a family where all members are supported and valued.4.Career development: the importance of being willing to acquire new skills throughout your career

With the unceasing development of science and technology the workplace is now undertaking profound changes.The way you do your work and the equipment you use in your work will definitely change or upgrade in the future, which means you have to learn new skills to deal with these changes.Remember: you are never too old to learn.New skills will make you keep up with the latest technology and help develop yourself throughout your work life.5.International sales: how to research foreign markets effectively

You should notice the difference between foreign and domestic market and set your target according to specific situation of foreign market.For example: given the different state of living standard the purchasing power of your target market may be higher or lower than the domestic market.If you ignore the difference you are likely to make mistakes in products’ pricing in foreign market.You should ensure that your research team is excellent at carrying out research in a foreign country.That means every member of the team should mater the native language and be familiar with the specific culture of the target market.6.Production management: how to implement an effective just-in-time system What is a JIT production system? JIT is an approach to achieving excellence in a manufacturing company based on the continuing elimination of waste(waste being considered as those things that do not add value to the product).A repetitive production system in which both the movement of goods during production, and deliveries from suppliers, are carefully timed so that at each step of the process, the next(usually small)batch arrives for processing just as needed.The logic behind JIT: Nothing will be produced until it is needed.7.Travel: the importance of being able to speak foreign languages in international business

8.Marketing: how to assess whether there is a market for a new product

You should carry out a research on the customer demands to see if there is a read need in the market for your new product.The feedback or result will help you to decide whether to launch the new product on the market.You should pay special attention to your competitors.Detect whether they are going to launch their new product onto the market.if the answer if yes that probably means there is a demand in the market for some new product.Then be quick and put on your rival product to coincide with them.9.Human resources: how to use staff appraisal schemes

You should see to it that the staff appraisal schemes be a chance for management and employees to come together and exchange ideas, set joint targets and improve the way decisions are reached.The scheme should have a clear appeal process and any negative feedback should be accompanied by evidence such as dates, times and outcomes.Most importantly ratings should reflect measurable element of the job requirements.10.Advertising: the importance of television and cinema advertisement

In fact television and cinema advertising both function as a kind of media which tells or even guides people to buy products or services.With the development of the telecommunication television has become the most important carrier of advertisement and as a result of that TV advertising has the largest amount of audience all over the world.They have penetrated into people’s daily life and persuaded them to buy whenever they turn on them.On the other hand the popularity of the movie make every audience be under the influence of cinema advertising at the beginning and end of the movie.11.Staff management: how to ensure effective lines of communication between the workforce and management

As the leader of the company you should open up a channel for the workforce and management to communicate directly.For example you can hold a monthly meeting within the company, which is attended by both the reps from workforce and management.They are allowed to talk with each other openly and freely to exchange views and opinions.They can also set common objectives.You should achieve this effectiveness by making use of up-to-date technologies.For example you can set up a forum on the intranet of your company so that every member can air and exchange their views on the forum.In this way a effective line of communication will be set up.You should set up an incentive system to make your staff talk with their line managers.12.Finance: how to ensure accurate cashflow forecasts

you should establish a monitor system in the first place to detect any possible cashflow gap which will occur during your production and operation.This system can calculate the balance between your income and expenditure on a daily base.And should there be any sign of cashflow problems the system will warn your staff to do something about it before hand.In order to achieve the accuracy you must set up a report system which demands every manager report the current financial status of his or her departments.The information will be collected everyday for you to take consideration.13.International sales: how to decide which sales incentives to offer a new foreign customer(本题做为思考题，请大家自行考虑一下。)

14.Recruitment: how to ensure that the best applicant for a job is selected(how to ensure that the best candidate for a post is selected)

During the selection process we should pay attention to the candidates’ quality and attribute.Quality refers to the candidate’s ability to conduct his or her future work.During the interview candidates will have to be asked to demonstrate their ability to solve problems and deal with emergencies.In addition the other important factor should also be considered.That is the attribute of the candidate.It has something to do with the candidate’s character and value.Those whose value is in the conflict of the company’s ethics will not be considered as best candidate even if they demonstrate remarkable ability in their work.15.How to decide whether to float a company on the stock market

A: we should check the policy concerning listing a company onto the stock market.Different stock exchanges have different policies and requirements.We should check these policies or requirements to see that if our company meets the demand so as to be listed on the stock market.For example according to the policy of many SEs, the total capital of a company should meet a certain level before it can be listed.Besides, its after-tax profits should also reach a certain level.So check these policies to see if our company is qualified to be listed onto the stock market.Second, we should understand and are willing to take the responsibilities that a listing company has to bear such as disclosure director’s duty all kinds of expenses tax and so on.16.Training: the importance of training staff to use new technology

A: it is a very important step to train your staff in how to use the new technology.First of all most of your staff won’t be familiar with this technology since it is new and unless you train them they will spend much more time in getting used to it.Therefore your training is worthy in getting your staff to understand the new technology.Secondly you still won’t enjoy the high efficiency brought up by the new technology if you can’t achieve the perfect combination of your staff and the new technology which is only possible through training.The last but not the least you can improve your staff’s ability to harness the new technology through your training program and make them more confident in their work, which will definitely enhance the efficiency of your company.17.The importance of selecting appropriate members of staff to attend exhibitions

A: your aim of exhibiting your products at the trade fair is to show your customers the high quality of your products through fine demonstration and careful explanation, which will only be achieved by selecting right staff to attend the trade fair.The staff you select should at least have a good understanding of the products you display.They must know the quality function description production packing and other important fields of your products.Besides they must have strong ability of promoting and marketing.These elaborately-selected staff can answer any kind of question produced by the customers about your products and can secure contracts with them skillfully, which will make your display a complete success.18.Production management: how to organize an effective stock control system

A: there are three important steps: first step up a monitoring system in the company to watch closely the level of inventory so that the inventory can be maintained at an appropriate level.Second set up a reporting system to inform the manager of any possible changes in the level of inventory.If the level is too low try to improve it and reduce its negative effect on the production.If the level is too high try to reduce it and pay attention to the lack of capital and difficulties it will exert on the management.Third make everyone in the company clear about the importance of stock control so that every part of this system is operating effectively and altogether achieve a high proficiency of the whole.注释：stock control system 存货控制（对各种物资库存量的管理。目的在于使各种物料的库存量保持在适当的水平，既不会因库存过低而使生产收到影响，也不会因库存过多而占压资金并增加管理上的困难。）

19.Meeting: the importance of regular meeting with suppliers

A: first improve your cooperation with your supplier.It is not just a simple deal you make with your supplier.That is to say you should do your business with your supplier on the basis of equality mutual respect and mutual benefit.Second try to let your suppliers know that you are willing to establish the long-term relationship with them so that they are more confident in the current business with your company.Third it is your PR department’s job to communicate with your suppliers on the regular basis and enhance the friendly relationships between you and your suppliers.20.The importance of teamwork for the effective management of projects

A: to manage projects involves heavy workload and requires much of the company’s energy and human resource.However by using teamwork we can make this complicated work become simple and easy.First when we set up a project-oriented teamwork all members of the projects are united and work in a teamwork spirit.That means they work more systemically and coordinate more with each other.As leaders we won’t worry about the time we will have to waste on the coordinating procedures anymore.Second by using teamwork we can create a sound and effective communication with the project and monitor the communication between members as well as the communication between boss and subordinates.Third in a team everyone tries to help others in their work and a lot of problems can be solved quickly after they occur.The managers can thus save the energy and time for trouble-shooting.21.The importance of providing employees with clear job descriptions

A: if you give your employees clear job descriptions they will have a better understanding of what their jobs are and what their bosses expect from them.Then they can work according to their aims without any misunderstanding of their jobs which will definitely improve the efficiency of your employees’ work.In addition for managers clear job description can enable them to know their subordinates’ work better and to monitor and control their work effectively.22.The importance of understanding cultural differences when working in an international environment

A:(请根据课本第七课所划之内容进行回答)

23.How to ensure that company growth proceeds at the optimum rate A: first we should control the expansion of our company which if not appropriate can cause too much bubble and give a false impression of prosperity.Second plan our company’s future carefully.This includes considering in detail the budget of our company;opening more markets for the company’s products and gearing our company towards a right direction in which its development can be sustainable sound and rapid.Third make sure that we can get all the resources needed for our company’s development including the materials we need to produce our products the capital we need to make investments and the human resource we need to keep our staff highly-qualified.24.How to manage a heavy workload effectively

A: first we should have a timetable illustrating all the details about the work of every staff within a day, a month or even a year.We can deal with more workload while shouldering more responsibility if we can arrange our work in advance.Second make sure that we can communicate with our colleagues effectively so that we can make use of their advice or ideas to help us solve the problems or unexpected things occurring in our work.Third as for ourselves we should keep ourselves physically sound to handle the stress a heavy workload might bring about.25.The importance to a company of having a Health and Safety policy

A: as a kind of legal document Health and Safety policy can help a company to reduce the possible injuries or accidents that may happen in the process of production or office work as it explains in detail what the staff should and should not do in order to keep themselves safe in their work.If those accidents or injuries do happen the Policy made by the company can also be used as reference in case of civil liability.Besides the Health and Safety policy can serve as a record which will be very useful if an inspector questions the company’s precautions on health and safety.26.How to ensure that staff at all levels receive appropriate feedback on individual performance

A: we should establish a complete set of evaluating system within the whole company to monitor individual performance of every employee and to report their performance to the board and the department they belong to.Their performance is judged on the basis of their position and responsibility and in accordance with their personal abilities.Of course any other factors that will affect their performance directly or indirectly will also be taken into consideration.Besides the feedback will be sent directly to our employees’ mailbox immediately after their performance is evaluated.27.How to maintain customer interest in a company’s products A: usually customers are interested in the products which have high reputation or world-wide brand names.Therefore a company should try to keep the fame of their products and develop its products into a global brand in order to attract its customers.And of course customers are often concerned about the quality of the products they are intended to buy.In this regard a company should make their products reliable to use.In addition a company should upgrade their products in a direction that will lead to a multi-functional and user-friendly kind of products.Try to show your customers that your products have great potentials so that they will keep their interest in your products.28.The importance of having a career plan in order to achieve high levels of success at work

A: a career plan is very important for employees.If you plan your career in advance you will have a better idea of what you should do and what you have to achieve at the different stages of your career, which will make you more realistic at work.The plan will guide you throughout your career and make you easier to climb the ladder within the framework of your company.Every time you start your work you will find there is a clear goal before you and every time you achieve your goal another goal has already been set for you to continue.You will never feel lost in the complicated environment and can gain advantage among the tense competition with your colleagues.Gradually you will find yourself moving steadily towards your success and finally reach the top of your career.All of these are not your dreams and they can be realized if you have your career plan.29.The importance of product diversification to the success of a business

A: in today’s increasingly-competitive market product diversification is crucial to the success of a business.Today’s market is becoming more and more diversified which means a single range of products produced by a certain company cannot survive since the competition is extremely high.And even if you survive you will find your earnings via a single product won’t cover even a small fraction of your cost.Therefore a business should diversify its product range.A diversified product range will make you avoid the tense competition in the specific area and give you more opportunities to open up more potential markets which will reduce to a large extent the risks due to the high competition.(还可从吸引顾客的角度来说)

30.The importance in business of maintaining personal contact with clients

A: some of your clients are your important suppliers and others are your distributors.Therefore keeping contact with them means you keep a good communication with your suppliers or distributors whose information is crucial to your production and sales.Any information you gain from your client can be used to test the popularity of your products.Usually formal or official contact with your clients won’t give you much more opportunities to get the information you need.Personal contact however can be developed into a very useful contact since it can produce a sound environment in which you talk to your clients personally.And you can even get some information about your revival through personal contact which you can use to take the advantage in the competition.And of course you will know better what your clients think of your products and what they expect from you since most of your clients are reluctant to tell you because of the strict environment of formal contact.31.How to balance company growth with production capacity

A: in order to balance company growth with production capacity we must keep our production capacity at an appropriate level so that it can promote the growth of our company.If we pay too much attention to the development of production capacity while neglecting the possible harms it can cause we will have to face the stagnation in the grow of our company or the growth bubble which will eventually burst.If we accelerate our production capacity without any consideration of the current market demand or current situation of the company’s sales we will definitely increase our inventory which will cause the break of the cash flow.32.How to achieve and maintain high motivation among a workforce

A: first set up an incentive mechanism within the company to ensure that every highly-motivated employee is awarded.Second try to produce a healthy and sound environment within the company to ensure that every employee know the importance and benefit of keeping high motivation in his or her job.Third help very employee to plan his or her future career within the company to make them sure that they are paid close attention to by the company and they will have a better future if they stay with the company.33.The importance of training staff in how to use new technology when introducing it into the workplace

A: it is a very important step to train your staff in how to use the new technology.First of all most of your staff won’t be familiar with this technology since it is new and unless you train them they will spend much more time in getting used to it.Therefore your training is worthy in getting your staff to understand the new technology.Secondly you still won’t enjoy the high efficiency brought up by the new technology if you can’t achieve the perfect combination of your staff and the new technology which is only possible through training.The last but not the least you can improve your staff’s ability to harness the new technology through your training program and make them more confident in their work, which will definitely enhance the efficiency of your company.34.How to maintain good relationships with suppliers

A: first improve your cooperation with your supplier.It is not just a simple deal you make with your supplier.That is to say you should do your business with your supplier on the basis of equality mutual respect and mutual benefit.Second try to let your suppliers know that you are willing to establish the long-term relationship with them so that they are more confident with the current business with your company.Third it is your PR department’s job to communicate with your suppliers on the regular basis and enhance the friendly relationships between you and your suppliers.35.How to achieve a strong visual impact in advertising

A: first we should use an impressive and unique color design or slogan in our advertising.Each of them is expected to achieve strong visual impact which will make your advertisement a complete one-off.In addition, we can apply multi-media technology to our ad to achieve some special visual effects such as 3D animation.36.The importance of being able to cope with the stress in a job

A: as today’s businessmen we shoulder more and more responsibilities and experience more intensive stress which if not appropriately deal with will lead to mental fatigue or other mental illnesses or even worse the total breakdown.Therefore the ability to cope with the stress in our jobs is one of the most important skills we should acquire in today’s business world.Furthermore, we will inevitably encounter some stress in our daily work.Without appropriately dealing with these stresses we cannot continue our work in a normal way and the stagnation will appear to offset any achievement we have made in the previous work.

第四篇：中考作文常见话题

写写帮文秘助手(www.xiexiebang.com)之中考作文常见话题大全

近几年全国中考作文均为话题作文，这是因为话题作文既能很好地为考生创设便于自由发挥的写作空间，又能综合考查考生的语文基本功和创新能力，特别是考查考生的联想、想像、描写、抒情和论述等多种能力。那么，当今时代的话题作文中，热点“话题”有哪些呢?

初中毕业生应该具备了一定的感悟能力，感悟人生的真谛对初中生来说意义重大。感悟人生，就要感悟生活、感悟生命、感悟快乐和幸福、感悟友情、感悟亲情、感悟人格、感悟自我、感悟成败等。因而，人的自控与他控、自尊与自爱、自信与自强、自戒与自省、自卑与自弃以及青春、快乐、幸福、人与人、正直、真诚、信任、信仰、机遇、人格、个性、毅力、从容、失败、满足与不满足、奋进与竞争、坚忍与忍耐、追求与超越等等，都有可能成为中考作文的话题。

朝气蓬勃的初中生，应该有五大追求：追求心中的太阳——理想，追求终身的财富——知识，追求生命的保护神——品格，追求人生的希望——完美，追求生活中的明灯——友情，那么，青春的路标、人生的目标、灵魂的坐标、真知的探索、美的体味与欣赏、美的创造与追求、人生贵相知、信仰和追求等等，都是很好的作文话题。

不少考生的中考作文选择了书信体。书信体作文，一般地应对对方提出一些忠告。下列话题都可以成为“忠告”的话题：人生、认真、奋斗、成才、微笑、宽容、容纳、回报、梦想、机遇、理智、品行、名声、未来、善良、沉默、创造、苦乐、存在、良心、角色、比较、交友、激情、热情、渴望、攀登、友谊、逢时、高雅、流言、诺言、后悔、美丽、朋友、朴素、关怀、勇气、拥有、帮助、做人、待人、看人、相处、挫折、逃避、岁月、寄托、希望、支点、充实、时髦、顿悟、纯洁、享受、独处、普通、体验、信誉、独特、隐私、宁静、距离、魅力、人缘、敬佩、平凡、价值、真心、真情、骄傲、坦然、愧疚、模仿、承诺、境界、自勉、批评、体谅、谦虚、完美……建议同学们在作文备考中加以思索，并尽可能练练笔。

续写式作文也能很好地为考生创设便于自由发挥的写作情境，同时还能与话题作文结合起来。如阅读下列材料，完成两道作文题：

一家事务所想购买一块地皮，但被地皮的主人——一位性格倔强的孀居老太太一口拒绝。一个天寒地冻的下午，老太太恰好经过这家事务所的门前，她想顺便劝总经理“死了这条心”。她推开门，发现里面收拾得十分整齐干净。她觉得自己穿着脏木屐走进去很不合适。正犹豫不决时，一位年轻姑娘笑容满面地迎上来。姑娘毫不犹豫地脱下自己的拖鞋给老太太穿，然后像亲孙女一样搀扶着老太太慢慢上楼。穿着带有姑娘体温的拖鞋，老太太……

(1)据文段续写一篇300字的短文，使这个故事有一个结局。

(2)根据这个故事，以“爱心的力量”为话题，写一篇800字左右的文章，题目自拟，文体自选。

上文对一些热点“话题”进行了罗列，供同学们复习参考。鉴于同学们的中考复习已步入冲刺阶段，笔者再挑出一批重点话题，请同学们也来个“重点”关注、思考。这些话题是：如果、成功者从不等待时机成熟、做时代的弄潮儿、败给悲观、读懂失败、今天我们该怎样做学生、造就与迷失、“自信者强”与“自强者胜”、一念之间、抬起头来做人、解读幸福、善良是宝、道德建设、人生价值、与时俱进、简单与平凡、争取与放弃、进取与超越、忍耐与等待、伟大的人格、生命是一张画布。

第五篇：话题作文常见错误

话题作文常见错误

学生写话题作文，通常容易出现以下几种跑题情况——

第一，对话题中的词语或话题短语理解不准确或不全面。比如，把“诚信”理解成“信任”，把“和谐”理解成“团结”，把“坚韧”理解成“忍耐”，把话题“语言与沟通”理解为“做事必须从实际出发”，把“心灵的选择”理解成单纯的“选择”，把“感情亲疏和对事物的认知”理解成单纯的“感情亲疏”。第二，由话题一步步蔓延开去。他还是由话题写起，但写着写着就偏离到另外的事情上去了。比如，有一个作文话题为“根”。有同学就写“根”，树根的根，那树根的根它就跟树干有关系，树根它滋养了树干啊，于是他就接着写树干了，说树干如何如何笔直，如何如何有价值，可以做大梁，可以做枕木等等。还没完，他接着写，树干它跟树枝有关系啊，于是就又写树干上面的那个树枝如何如何茂盛，那个树枝上面的树叶如何迎着风哗啦哗啦作响，那个小鸟也随着树叶一起欢唱„„就这样越写越远，然后写到小鸟在蔚蓝的天空自由地飞翔。他在写什么呢？写到天空上去了。而我们的话题是什么？是“根”。可他偏偏就这么一环套一环，套走了，走到不知哪座山上去了。

第三，画蛇添足，使作文部分跑题。比如“感情亲疏和对事物的认知”这个话题，有学生写道：“一位母亲来到幼儿园，她手里有一颗糖，只有一颗。她想，这颗糖应该给幼儿园最漂亮、最聪明的小朋友。这位母亲观察了半天，最后把这颗糖给了自己的儿子。事实上，她的儿子未见得是这个幼儿园最漂亮最聪明的。然而，相对来讲，在情感上，这位母亲对其他小朋友是疏的，对自己的儿子是亲的，这种亲疏关系影响到了她对事实的认知。”本来到这里就该收了，然而，他又生发出许多别的感慨：“可怜天下父母心啊，天下的父母，有谁不爱自己的孩子呢？当我们饥饿的时候，为我们送上鸡蛋的是谁？是父母。当我们受冻的时候，为我们送上棉衣的是谁？是父母。作为子女，我们哪有理由不回报父母的养育之恩呢？”感情倒是很充沛，可是已经远离了话题。

第四，文章和话题之间若即若离，悬在半空，没落到实处。比如，以“位置”为话题，有个同学这样写道：“人活世上，演绎的角色不一样。世人又何必站在墙外，跂脚仰望墙里的风花雪月，又何必徘徊门外侧耳倾听屋内的欢声笑语？当你走进墙内，也许是一片腐朽与狼藉；当你走进门内，也许是一片凄厉哀吟。人啊，为何只看见袍子外表上的高贵，而看不见里面虱子爬过所留下的斑驳血迹？”这段话跟“位置”似乎是相关的，作者想要说的大概是，各人在社会上所处的位置不同，各个位置都有它自己的精彩，不必老是渴望别人的位置。但这样的意思在文段中又没有明确地表述出来。读者完全可以把它理解成规劝人们要安分守己，或是要善于把握属于自己的幸福等等。如果我们再在原文后面加上这样一些话，它就跟“位置”紧密联系起来了：“其实，我们不必艳羡和追求他人的位置，或许我们自身所处的位置就是一片乐土，只要我们以一颗平常、宽广、怜爱、知足的心活在这个残缺的世界上。”

第五，只从材料引申出观点来，不顾话题本身。以2004年江苏高考题为例。水有水的性格——灵动，山有山的性情——沉稳。水的灵动给人以聪慧，山的沉稳给人以敦厚。然而，灵动的海水却常年保持着一色的蔚蓝，沉稳的大山却在四季中变化出不同的色彩。请以“水的灵动，山的沉稳”为话题，写一篇文章。面对这个话题，有考生就从材料出发引申出这样的观点来：任何事物都存在对立统一的两面。接着，他就展开来写，人有长处也有短处，人生中有痛苦也有快乐，有灾祸也有福祉，事物有大有小，有里有外，有善有恶，有明有暗，等等。这样的文章不能说跟材料没有关系，但它已经脱离了话题本身，给出的话题是“水的灵动，山的沉稳”。你可以写事物都存在着对立统一的两面，但这两面只能是“灵动”和“沉稳”，不能是任何别的两面。

再以2004年青海题为例。

一个富人去请教一位哲学家，为什么自己有钱以后很多人不喜欢他了。哲学家将他带到窗前，说：“向外看，你看到了什么？”富人说：“我看到外面有很多人。”哲学家又将他带到镜子前，问：“现在你又看到了什么?”富人回答：“我自己。”哲学家一笑，说：“窗子和镜子都是玻璃做的，区别只在于镜子多了一层薄薄的水银。但就是因为这一点银子，便叫你只看到自己而看不到别人了。”请以“看到自己与看到别人”为话题，自定立意，自选文体，自拟标题，写一篇不少于800字的文章。所写内容必须在话题范围之内。

面对这个话题，也有考生仅从材料出发，在文章中大谈特谈金钱对人的腐蚀和毒害，最后告诫人们在金钱面前一定要保持冷静，树立正确的金钱观。而话题是什么？是“看到自己与看到别人”！显然，该考生的文章已经偏离了话题。第六，在材料作文中，抓了枝叶，丢了主干。以2005年广州二模作文第二题为例。

据《广州日报》3月18日报道，称提供建造海珠桥的钢材的英国某企业向市政部门发来传真，提醒海珠桥的钢材已经有100年历史，现已进入疲劳期，如继续使用则建议进行疲劳测试，并根据测试结果进行加固。又据介绍，海珠桥一直都是广州市工程安全质量监督的重点，已纳入广州市桥梁安全检测网，桥梁上都设有数据采集点，进行24小时检测。目前，市政部门正加紧制定疲劳测试方案。

这则报道给了你什么联想？或你对此有什么看法？请写一篇800字以上的文章，题目自拟，文体不限。

有部分同学以为像这种没有明确给定一个话题的作文，只要从材料中任意一点引申开来都算符合要求。所以，有人就从材料中的“已经有100年历史”这个信息点出发，写100年前中国正处于满清政府末期。那时政府无能，经济衰颓，纲纪废弛；而我们现在必须吸取历史的教训，奋力发展经济，增强综合竞争力，避免挨打。这种观点显然并不是这段材料的主要意旨。如果谈责任心，谈居安思危，谈对生命的珍爱，就应该算是吻合材料的主要涵义了。还有人谈钢筋的作用，谈桥梁的用途，这些也非常明显地偏离了材料的中心意思，该算跑题作文。