2018年职称英语试卷结构 - 卫生类完形填空（5篇模版）

第一篇：2018年职称英语试卷结构 - 卫生类完形填空

一、考试时间： 2小时

二、试卷结构及上课思路：

共计65道客观题组成。总分：100分.第一部分：词汇选项——15题15分；

（请大家带字典，每次课花15m)第二部分：阅读判断——7题7分；(讲解一。重点）

第三部分：概括大意与完成句子——8题8分；(讲解二。重点）

第四部分：阅读理解——15题45分；(讲解三。重点）

第五部分：补全短文——5题10分；

（不作重点，最后讲，花一节课时间）

第六部分：完形填空——15题15分(讲解四。重点）。

其中，最重点和最容易拿到分数的有3个题型：

1、词汇选项（职称英语考试允许带一本纸质词典）；

2、阅读理解职称英语考试一般规律三篇阅读理解文章其中有1篇可能来自于国家指定教材；（2018年真题中，综合类;真题中与课本完全一样的为第38篇why so many children? 课文与5个题目及备选答案连顺序都一样。

理工类;真题中与课本完全一样的为第43篇 forecasting methods,课文与阅读内容一样，但出题的题目及备选答案有变化，不与课本完全一致。

卫生类：

真题中与课本完全一样的为第45篇 DNA Fingerpring,课文与阅读内容一样，但出题的题目及备选答案有变化，不与课本完全一致。

3、完形填空题目可能来自于国家指定教材。（2018年真题中，综合类;真题中与课本一样的为第14篇family history。理工类;真题中与课本一样的为第13篇 better solar engery system:more heat,more bright。

卫生类：

真题中与课本一样的为第13篇 scientists develop ways of detecting heart attack。

三、考场查词技巧

1、对于词汇选项题，建议查词时最好从B)和C)答案查起，在A)、B)、C)、D)四个选项的情况下，往往B)和C)正确的几率较大。如2013年答案答案：1——15

adbda，caccb，cadbb。相比而言，b和c出现了四次。A和d出现了三次。因此我们建议在做词汇选项题时，遇到生词最好从B)和C)答案查起。这样如果能从B）或C）中找到答案可大大节省时间。

2、重点查阅单词的常用解释

我们都知道一个单词有时会有好几个意思。在这里我们告诉大家职称英语考试中一般都考察该词语的前三个义项为主。剩下的很多解释一般不会考察。

3、在确定了正确答案之后，不必为验证答案而将其他选项单词全部查一遍，以免浪费做题时间。

4、所查词汇要抓住重点，要学习根据上下文意思去理解，切记挨个去查。

5、四个备选答案都不懂的，先放在一块，选做完其他的再到回来查。

四、考试出题思路

（一）词汇选项(15分)

只从考试用书中出2~3个小题，其余都是从书外出

（二）阅读判断(7分)

此部分不从书中出题，因此不要硬背书中内容。短文后有七个句子，需要判断是A正确、B错误，还是C没有提到。

先不要看短文，要先快速浏览(短文后的)七个小题，先画出“信息词更加明显的题。按”信息词“快速回到短文，找到对应位置再加以判断。

（三）概括大意与完成句子(8分)

分为两部分，(1)概括大意：此部分不从书中出题，因此不要硬背书中内容。从短文后的方框中A—F六项里选出一项来概括所要求的段落。

先看A—F六项后概括所要求的段落，重点盯住段落的第一句或第二句，或最后一句。

(2)完成句子：此部分也不从书中出题，因此也不要硬背书中的内容。从短文后的方框中A—F六项里选出一项来接准5—8小题的尾部来完成句子。(a)先看5-8题的结尾部分，根据要求来选A—F的选项。(b)按照上(5-8题)与下(A—F选项)相通相顺来选。(c)将5-8题回归到原文中理解后，再选A—F项。

（四）阅读理解(三篇短文，每篇15分，共45分)

(1)从指定用书中出一篇，此分数一定要拿到。从书外出两篇，难度低于书中短文。从指定用书中出的一篇，注意：新增教材

(2)从书外出的两篇，要采取“查读法”来作，即：先看短文后的五个问题，画出“信息词”，快速按“信息词”找到位置再按要求作题。

（五）补全短文(10分)P222为例

此部分不从书中出题，因此不要硬背书中内容。短文中有五条线，也就是缺少五个句子。短文后有A—F六个选项，从中选出适合填补到短文中五条线上的选项。注意技巧，确保2个对4分，争取3个对6分。

（六）完形填空(15分)

从书中(15篇中)出一篇。注意+号的那几篇。特别注意空白处的“左”和“右”。剩下几天，注意背诵现有空格出的固定短语等。另外，注意先掌握+号的那几篇的中文意思。（以2018年真题为例）

“______”代表原来课本的空格，“()”代表真题的位置，总之，考试真题的空格会向前移动或向后移动。

卫生类完型填空

第十三篇 Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack 【科学家探索发现心脏病的方法】

German researchers have __ 1 __ a new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater(51)__ 2 __ sudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually(52)a result of cardiac arrest and many of these cases __ 3 __ by disruption to the heart’s rhythm.Those most at(53)are patients who have __ 4 __ suffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in(54)__ 5 __ disruption to heart rhythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds.These devices __ 6__(55)a range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator __ 7 __(56)of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG.within the body.This integrated system allows(57)diagnosis of __ 8__ blood-flow problems and a pending heart attack.It will be implanted in(58)for the first time this year.Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that(59)of ECG data __ 9 __.The overwhelming __ 10 __ of patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this(60)undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs only __ 11__(61)into account a linear correlation of the data.We are, however, making use __ 12__ a non-linear process(62)reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “__ 13 __ changes in the heart(63)over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based __ 14__ 600 patients who had(64)a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to show __ 15 __ the new software evaluates the(65)considerably better.科学家探索发现心脏病的方法

德国研究者们发明了新一代的除颤器和旨在为心脏病人提供更多保护，使他们免遭心脏停止导致的突然死亡的早期预报软件。仅在德国每年就有10万人死于心脏停止。其中大部分是由于心律中断导致的。危险最大的是那些已经犯过一次心脏病的病人。几年来除颤器被证实在控测心律中止和在几秒中内实施自动干涉以调整心律的诊断中是有用的。这种方法起到了很多作用，例如起博器。

弗莱伯大学诊所的心脏病专家已经在内置除颤器方面取得了突破性成就。这种除颤器可以在体内产生六个频道的心电图。这个综合体系使血液流通总是和即将发生的心脏病可被早些诊断出来。今年它将第一次被植入病人体内。同时，凯瑟劳特的弗劳胡佛实用数学学院的研究者开发了一种新计算机软件。这种软件使心电图数据更加准确。

大部分有风险的患 者不能用内置除颤器，因此必须接受常规的心电图检查。“目前的许多计划只把数据的线形关系考虑在内。但是我们现在使用的是能够将心脏跳动的混乱模工作为一个直观而又复杂的系统提示出来的非线性处理方法”。海根•纳夫说，“这样心脏跳动频率的变化就会受到控制，而病人个人的特征也会得到考虑。”一个基于600位犯心脏病的患者的以前的心电图数据研究使科学家们能够比较两种风险，结果显示新软件明显能更好地处理心电图数据。

练习：

1.A come up B come up with C come up to D come up against 2.A to B for C with D from 3.A are caused B caused C are to cause D have been causing 4.A easily B readily C frequently D already 5.A disease-producing B health-improving C life-threatening error-correcting 6.A take in B take after C take on D take from 7.A capable B able C skillful D skilled 8.A chronic B acute C recurrent D persistent 9.A precisely B more precisely C precision D more precise 10.A maximum B minimum C majority D minority 11.A get B take C bring D fetch 12.A of B with C for D in 13.A Similarly B In this manner C Otherwise D In this way 14.A in B for C upon D with 15.A what B where C that D when

科学家探索发现心脏病的方法

D 德国研究者们发明了新一代的除颤器和旨在为心脏病人提供更多保护，使他们免遭心脏停止导致的突然死亡的早期预报软件。仅在德国每年就有10万人死于心脏停止。其中大部分是由于心律中断导致的。危险最大的是那些已经犯过一次心脏病的病人。几年来除颤器被证实在控测心律中止和在几秒中内实施自动干涉以调整心律的诊断中是有用的。这种方法起到了很多作用，例如起博器。

弗莱伯大学诊所的心脏病专家已经在内置除颤器方面取得了突破性成就。这种除颤器可以在体内产生六个频道的心电图。这个综合体系使血液流通总是和即将发生的心脏病可被早些诊断出来。今年它将第一次被植入病人体内。同时，凯瑟劳特的弗劳胡佛实用数学学院的研究者开发了一种新计算机软件。这种软件使心电图数据更加准确。

大部分有风险的患 者不能用内置除颤器，因此必须接受常规的心电图检查。“目前的许多计划只把数据的线形关系考虑在内。但是我们现在使用的是能够将心脏跳动的混乱模工作为一个直观而又复杂的系统提示出来的非线性处理方法”。海根•纳夫说，“这样心脏跳动频率的变化就会受到控制，而病人个人的特征也会得到考虑。”一个基于600位犯心脏病的患者的以前的心电图数据研究使科学家们能够比较两种风险，结果显示新软件明显能更好地处理心电图数据。

第二篇：2014职称英语卫生类A级完形填空及译文

2014职称英语教材-卫生类A级5篇完形填空及参考译文（红色为书中选项答案）

+11Migrant Workers

In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another.some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers.This is particularly the case in the Middle East,1increased oil incomes have enabled many countries tooutsiders to improve local facilities.the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe.It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries,South Korea and Japan.In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, 2 it is notthat the pay is high to attract suitable workers.Many engineers and technicians can earn at leastmoney in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction.An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it.3 This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage., the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each othersafety and comfort., many migrant workers can save large sums of money partlythe lack of entertainment facilities.The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutionsproblems rather than do routine work in their home country.One major problem whichmigrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones.They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence.This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents., migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of thefinancial benefits which they receive.+ 12Dreams

Everyone can dream．Indeed, everyone does dream．Those whothat they never dream at all actually dreamas frequently as the rest of us,they may not remember anything about it．Even those of us who are perfectlyof dreaming nightnight very seldom remember those dreams indetail but merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated impressions.Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our, so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste．

One of the world's oldestwritten documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams．This volume is about five thousand years old, so you canthat dreams were believed to have a

special significance even then．Many ancient civilizations believed that younever ask a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to returntime if the sleeper were suddenly.From ancient times to the present,people have beenattempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance．There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation．although unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dreamthere are books．

+13

Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack

German researchers havea new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protectionsudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these casesby disruption to the heart’s rhythm.Those most at risk are patients who havesuffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosingdisruption to heart rnythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds.These devicesa range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG)within the body.This integrated system allows early diagnosis ofblood-flow problems and a pending heart attack.It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year.Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders of ECG data The overwhelmingof patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs onlyinto account a linear correlation of the data.We are, however, making usea non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to showthe new software evaluates the data considerably better.+14YoungAdultsWho ExerciseGetHigherIQScores(新增)

Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ`and are moreto go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hopital.The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS).The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were

born between 1950 and 1976.The research group analysed theof both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.The study shows a clear linkgood physical fitness and better results for the IQ test.The strongest links are for thinking and verbal comprehension,But it is only fitness that plays a in the results for the IQ test,and not strength,”Being fit means that you also have good heart and lungand that your brain gets plenty of ,” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahogrenska University Hospital.”This may be one of the reasonswe can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular.We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”

By analysing data for twins,the researchers have beento determine that it is primarily environmental facors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a IQ.“We have also shown that those youngsters whotheir physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,”says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre.”This being the case, physicalis a subject that has an important place in schools,and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”

The researchers have also compared the results from fitness testsnational service with the socio-economic status of the men latter in,Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education,and many secured more qualified jobs.+15Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years

A hundred years ago，life expectancy in developed countries was about 47: in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74.Women to about 80, and theseare rising all the time.What has broughtthese changes? When we look at the lifeof people l00 years ago, we need to look at the greatestof the time.In the early 20th century, these were the acute and ofteninfectious diseases such as smallpox.Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In theworld these diseases are fartoday,90 and in some cases have almost disappeared.A number ofshave led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, whichbacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinationscommon diseases., people's generalhealth has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food，better and warmer housing，and better understanding of nutrition.Genetically，we should all be able to live to about 85 butpeople do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age.The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and thoseby viruses, such as influenza and AIDS l.Of course, cancer is a huge

killer as well.In most cases these diseases affectpeople, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesitymore heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as “lifestyle diseases”，which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.移民工人

在过去的20年，工人从一个国家到另一个国家的趋势越来越大。一些刚刚独立的国家把大部分工作留给当地人，这一点是可以理解的，而另一些却吸引和欢迎移民工人。中东地区的情况尤为如此。那里增加的石油收入使很多国家能够召集外面的人来改进本地设施。因此中东吸引了来自美国和欧洲的石油工人。它还从包括韩国和日本的许多国家引入了建筑工人和技师。

由于中东地区艰苦的生活和工作条件，吸引合适的工人的费用是很高的，这不足为奇。许多工程师和技师在中东至少可以挣到他们在自己国家两倍的收入，这是最大的吸引力。一个相关的好处是这里的税收低，或者根本就不收税。这增加了来访工人的净收入，而且很受他们欢迎。

有时一个劣势就有一个补偿的优势。例如，艰苦的生活条件常常导致更深的友谊，因为工人们为了安全和舒适必须互相依赖。同样，许多移民工人能够存很多钱，部分原因是因为那里缺少娱乐设施。工作通常是复杂的，而且充满问题，但是这会向那些更愿解决问题而不是在自己国家里做例行工作的工程师们提出更大的挑战。

影响中东的移民工人的一个主要问题是他们的工作是暂时性的。他们几乎都是合同工，所以要让他们很有信心地事前做出计划是很难的。人们希望这样，是因为没有一个国家欢迎大量的外国工人作为永久居民。无论如何，移民工人像接受其他不足一样接受这个不足，因为他们得到的是可观的经济利益。梦之闲话

人人都会做梦，也确实每个人睡觉都做梦。那些声称睡觉从来不做梦的人其实都有做梦，而且做梦的频次与其他人一样，只是他们从来记不住自己做的梦而已。即使是那些能清楚地意识到自己夜复一夜都在做梦的人也很少能够把那些细节都描述得淋漓尽致，能记住的也只是一些看起来毫无关联的印象与场景组成的一团混沌。梦境不仅仅是视觉的，我们做梦的时候会牵动我们的各种器官，所以我们在梦里似乎能够听到声音，能触摸到，还能嗅到气味，甚至尝到味道。

埃及的《梦幻书语》是目前世界上所发现的最早关于梦的文本记载。这本书大概5000年的历史，我们可以发现在那个年代，人们就已经相信梦特有的重要性。在很多古老的文明中，人们都坚信不能惊醒睡梦中的人，因为在睡梦中，人的灵魂都会离开身体，如果别惊醒，灵魂也许就不能及时回到身体里。

从古到今，人们就一直试图解析梦境以及其重要性。目前市面上就有很多关于解梦的书，遗憾的是，对于同一个梦，有多少本书就会有多少种解释。

13科学家探索发现心脏病的方法

德国研究者们发明了新一代的除颤器和旨在为心脏病人提供更多保护，使他们免遭心脏

停止导致的突然死亡的早期预报软件。

仅在德国每年就有10万人死于心脏停止。其中大部分是由于心律中断导致的。危险最大的是那些已经犯过一次心脏病的病人。几年来除颤器被证实在控测心律中止和在几秒中内实施自动干涉以调整心律的诊断中是有用的。这种方法起到了很多作用，例如起博器。

弗莱伯大学诊所的心脏病专家已经在内置除颤器方面取得了突破性成就。这种除颤器可以在体内产生六个频道的心电图。这个综合体系使血液流通总是和即将发生的心脏病可被早些诊断出来。今年它将第一次被植入病人体内。同时，凯瑟劳特的弗劳胡佛实用数学学院的研究者开发了一种新计算机软件。这种软件使心电图数据更加准确。

大部分有风险的患 者不能用内置除颤器，因此必须接受常规的心电图检查。“目前的许多计划只把数据的线形关系考虑在内。但是我们现在使用的是能够将心脏跳动的混乱模工作为一个直观而又复杂的系统提示出来的非线性处理方法”。海根·纳夫说，“这样心脏跳动频率的变化就会受到控制，而病人个人的特征也会得到考虑。”一个基于600位犯心脏病的患者的以前的心电图数据研究使科学家们能够比较两种风险，结果显示新软件明显能更好地处理心电图数据。

14运动的年轻人智商更高(新增)

瑞典哥德堡大学健康校医院的科学研究院和该校校医院的一项最新研究表明，身体健康的年轻人智商更高，进入大学学习的可能性也更高。

研究结果发表在美国国家科学院学报上。这项研究的取样样本是1950-1976年入伍的120万瑞典新兵。这些新兵们报到时接受了体能测试和智能测试，研究员对这两类测试数据进行了分析。

研究表明，健康的体能和优秀的智能测试结果之间的联系和明显的。最突出的就是科学思维和语言理解能力与身体健康有关。但是智商测试结果中只是健康在起作用，而与力量无关。“身体健康是指，一个人心肺功能好，能将充足的氧气源源不断地输入给大脑，”瑞典哥德堡大学健康科学研究院教授和哥德堡大学健康科学研究院校医院首席内科医师迈克尔·尼尔森如说，“也许这就是为什么智商测试结果与健康之间存在明显联系，而与肌肉力量无关的原因之一。我们还发现生长因子也很重要。”

通过研究双胞胎的数据，研究人员可以得出结论，智商差异来自后天的环境因素而不是先天的基因，身体越健康，智商越高。

“我们还发现，在15-18岁之间加强身体锻炼的青少年往往认知能力也较强，”哥德堡大学健康学研究院研究员，ABY健康中心医师玛利亚·啊伯格说，“倘若情况果然如此，那么体院应成为学校中一门重要的学科，而且如果我们想要学好数学和其他理论科学，体育课是非常有必要的。”

研究人员还将新兵服役入伍报到时的体格检查和智商测试的结果与后来他们来生活中的社会经济地位进行了比较。那些18岁是身体健康的人学历更高，很多都能胜任高要求的工作。

15上世界人类平均寿命的变化

一百年前，发达国家的人口平均寿命约为47岁，到21世纪初，美英两国男性平均寿命为74岁，女性约为80岁，人们的平均寿命一直在延长。是什么造成这样的变化呢？在研究100年前人类的寿命时，我们需要注意当时的一些不治之症。早在20世界初期，这些不治

之症经常是像天花之类的急性的高传染病。许多儿童因此夭折（也有其他原因），年迈体弱的人也总面临着他们的威胁。

如今，这些疾病在发达国家已经远不能致命。这一变化归于许多因素，比如：环境及个人卫生的改善、抗生素的发现及使用（抗生素大大降低了细菌病的危险）以及常见疾病预防疫苗的接种。除此之外，更洁净的空气、更好的食物保鲜方法、更舒适温暖的屋子还有对营养的进一步认识，这些总的环境的改善也促进了人们的整体健康。

从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁。但尽管现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。现在困扰人们的是像心脏病、中风那些更为慢性的疾病，还有像流行性感冒和艾滋病那些通过病毒传染的疾病。当然，癌症也是一大杀手。上述疾病大多影响着老年人，但令人担忧的问题在发达国家日趋明显，如：肥胖症产生更多心脏病、糖尿病等其他疾病患者群渐成年轻化。

人们如果把这些疾病归为“生活方式疾病”，这意味着人们生活方式的改善有可能阻止它们的进一步发展。

第三篇：江苏省职称英语理工-完形填空

江苏省职称英语理工——完形填空

江苏省职称英语理工——完形填空

江苏省职称英语理工——完形填空

江苏省职称英语理工——完形填空

第四篇：2013卫生类 阅读理解 完形填空目录

2013卫生类 阅读理解 完形填空目录

第一篇纳米保健技术走向贫困国家Bringing Nanotechnology to Health Care for the Poor

第二篇医学杂志Medical Journals

第三篇厨房油烟可致癌Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor

第四篇孕期妇女宜多补充多维制剂Multivitamins Urged for All Pregnant Women第五篇美国人吃盐过量U.S.Eats Too Much Salt

第六篇自行车的危险Pushbike Peril

第七篇深夜喝咖啡Late-night Drinking

第八篇Eat Healthy（2012新增，2012年4月真题）

第九篇美国将在一月启动一项耗资三十二亿美元的儿童健康研究项目U.S.to Start $.Billion Child Health Study in January

第十篇换抽雪茄Cigars Instead?

第十一篇失眠Sleeplessness

第十二篇关于感冒的常识Common-cold Sense

第十三篇药反应——至死的主要原因Drug Reactions—A Major Cause of Death

第十四篇梦Dreams

第十五篇乐观情绪助你远离感冒Warm People Likely to Keep Cold at Bay第十六篇睡眠（综合C+卫生C）Sleep

第十七篇食用土豆能促进我们的免疫系统Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost

第十八篇老年糖尿病患者进行体育锻炼可以取代胰岛素治疗Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics

第十九篇Prolonging Human Life（2012新增）

第二十篇FDA：人畜排泄物危及农产品FDA: Human Animal Waste Threatens Produce

第二十一篇早期或稍晚期的日托Early or Later Day Care

第二十二篇被饥荒颠覆的埃及Egypt Felled by Famine

第二十三篇产后抑郁症——妇女自杀的罪魁祸首After-birth Depression Blamed for Woman’s Suicide

第二十四篇Sleep Lets Brain File Memories（2012新增）

第二十五篇诺贝尔奖的公布从医学奖开始．Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize Announcements

第二十六篇肥胖症——西方世界的灾祸Obesity: the Scourge of the Western World

第二十七篇艾滋病治疗的新突破（2012新增，2012年4月真题）New Attempts to Eradicate AIDS Virus

第二十八篇农业作物的病害Diseases of Agricultural Plants

第二十九篇肥 胖 症Obesity

第三十篇安静和致死Silent and Deadly

第三十一篇动物间的间隔距离Spacing in Animals

第三十二篇果汁和蔬菜汁与水果和蔬菜一样对人体有益Fruit and Vegetable Juices as Beneficial to Health as Fruits and Veggies

第三十三篇非运动场所滑冰与损伤In-line Skating and Injuries第三十四篇 Who Want to Live Forever?（2012新增）

第三十五篇单亲幼儿最出色Single-parent Kids Do Best

第三十六篇日光有害儿童健康Dangerous Sunshine to Children第三十七篇发现高血压药品可降低中风的危险Hypertension Drugs Found to Cut Risk of Stroke

第三十八篇怀孕异常会降低乳腺癌发生率Pregnancy Anomalies May Lower Breast Cancer Risk

第三十九篇泳池监护Pool Watch

第四十篇Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others（2012新增，2012年4月真题）第四十一篇肾病和心脏病相互刺激Kidney Disease and Heart Disease Spur Each Other

第四十二篇早老性痴呆研究的新进展More about Alzheimer’s Disease第四十三篇视力损伤的学生的教育Education of Students with Vision Impairments

第四十四篇水 污 染Water Pollution第四十五篇DNA指纹DNA Fingerprinting

第四十六篇营养不良Malnutrition

第四十七篇治疗AIDS药物的抗药性会很快消失Drug Resistance Fades Quickly in Key Aids Drug

第四十八篇智商和基因IQ-Gene

第四十九篇同性恋生物学家A Gay Biologist

第五十篇一千五百万美国人患有社交焦虑症15 Million Americans Suffer from Social Anxiety Disorder

【2013职称英语】卫生类2013教材完形填空目录及文章word整理

第一篇 Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found第二篇 Going on a diet（2012新增）（2012年4月真题）第三篇 One Good Reason to Let Smallpox Live第四篇 Diet，Alcohol Linked to Nearly One Third of Cancers第五篇 Men Too May Suffer from Domestic Violence*第六篇 Once-daily Pill Could Simplify fflV Treatment *第七篇 Exercise*第八篇 Old And Active（2012新增）（2012年4月真题）*第九篇 Many Women Who Beat Cancer Don't Change Habits*第十篇 Hospital Mistreatment+ 第十一篇 Migrant Workers+ 第十二篇 Dreams（2012新增）（2012年4月真题）

+ 第十三篇 Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack+ 第十四篇 Homosexuals（2012新增）+ 第十五篇 Is Your Child's Stomach Pain All in His Head（2012新增）

第五篇：2011年职称英语卫生类押题（定稿）

Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor

The leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking，said medical experts after a five-year research study.Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer.They said patients are younger，especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute，more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else.Following breast cancer，it has the second-highest incidence rate.“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer，”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years.Among them，1,483 were male.Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke，according to the report.However，more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term，close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about l irritated eyes and throat.About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women’s bedrooms were adjacent to2 the kitchen.However，local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer.Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.“Unless my family and I don’t eat at home every day，I must stay in the kitchen to cook，”said Xu Li.a 45-year-old local woman.“I know the fumes are bad for the skin，but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer.I have already started frying less.’’

Doctors said women’s lung cancer had few links to personal health and physical condition，but was closely related to family cancer history，unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.Other experts agreed with He.3

“Smoking is by far the biggest cause4 of lung cancer for men，”said Dr Tan Binyong，honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University’s Medical College.“It’s true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”

He’s research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling5 fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time，6 experts said.词汇：

1.What a new tendency in lung cancer is concluded by the researchers?

D Patients with lung cancer become younger，especially females.2.Which of the following diseases is the most common among the local residents in Shanghai?

B Breast cancer.3.What symptoms may be complmned of by most women with lung cancer after long term.close

contact with cooking oil fumes?

A Irritated eyes and throat.4.What was the local women’s reaction when they learned that cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer?

B Surprised.5.Which of the following has relatively little connection with women’s lung cancer?

D Personal health and physical condition.第十八篇

Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics

Most older people with so-called typeⅡdiabetes could stop taking insulin if they would do brisk exercise for 30 minutes iust three times a week，according to new medical research results reported in the Copenhagen newspaper Berlingske Tidende on Monday.Results from tests conducted on diabetics at the Copenhagen Central Hospital Rigshospitalet’s Center for Muscle Research showed that physical exercise can boost the body’s ability to utilise insulin by 30 per cent，the newspaper reported.This is equal to1 the effect most elderly diabetics get from their insulin medication today，it said.Researchers had a group of non-diabetic men and a group of men with type II，all more than 60 years of age，exercise on bicycles six times a week for three months.After the three months the doctors measured how much sugar the test subjects’ muscles could utilise as a measure for how well their insulin worked.2

Associate Professor3 Dr.Hemming Dela of the Muscle Research Center said the tests demonstrated that the exercising diabetics had just as high insulin utilisation as the healthv non-exercising persons.“This means that the insulin works just as well for both groups.Physical exercise cannot cure people of diabetes，4 but it can eliminate almost all their symptoms.At the same time it can put off5 the point at which they have to begin taking insulin or perhaps completely avoid insulin treatment，”Dela was quoted as saying.6

Insulin isa hormone produced by the pancreas，controlling sugar in the body and used against diabetes.Dela said that to achieve the desired effect diabetics need only exercise to the point where they begin to work up7 a sweat，but that the activity has to be maintained since it wears off8 after five days without sufficient exercise.Most diabetics realise that they have to watch their diet while remaining unaware of9 the importance of exercise，Dela added.1.How could most elderly type II diabetics stop taking insulin?

C By doing brisk exercise for half an hour at least three times a week.2.Physical exercise may increase the body ability to utilise insulin bv B 30 per cent.3.The subjects of the research tests conducted at the Copenhagen Central Hospital included

A elderly non-diabetic men.B elderly type II diabetic men.D both A and B.4.To what a degree have diebetics to exercise in order to achieve the desired effect?

A To the degree where they begin to sweat.5.According to Dela，among most diabetics the importance of exercise is the importance of watching their diet.C less understood than

Preventing Child Maltreatment

Child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences.There are no reliable global estimates for the prevalence of child maltreatment.Data for many countries，especially low-and middle-income countries，are lacking.Child maltreatment is complex and difficult to study.Current estimates vary widely depending on the country and the method of research used.Nonetheless.international studies reveal that approximately 20%of women and 5-10%of men report being sexually abused as children，while 25-50%of all children report being physically abused.Additionally，many children are subject to1 emotional abuse(sometimes referred to as2 psychological abuse).Every year，there are an estimated 31,000 homicide deaths in children under 15.This number underestimates the true extent of the problem，as a significant proportion of deaths due to child maltreatment are incorrectly attributed to3 falls，bums and drowning.Child maltreatment causes suffering to children and families and can have long-term consequences.Maltreatment causes stress that is associated with disruption in early brain development.Extreme stress can impair the development of the nervous and immune systems.Consequently，as adults，maltreated children are at increased risk for behavioural，physical and mental health problems.Via the behavioural and mental health consequences, maltreatment can contribute to heart disease, cancer，suicide and sexually transmitted infections.4

Beyond the health consequences of child maltreatment，there is an economic impact，including costs of hospitalization, mental health treatment, child welfare, and longer-term health costs.A number of risk factors for child maltreatmenthave been identified.These risk factors are not present in all social and cultural contexts, but provide an overview when attempting to understand the causes of child maltreatment.It is important to emphasize that children are the victims and are never to blame for5 maltreatment.A number of characteristics of an individual child may increase the likelihood of being maltreated ,such as being either under four years old or an adolescent ,being unwanted, or failing to fulfil the expectations of parents and having special needs, crying persistently or having abnormal physical features.6

1.The difficult situation in the global estimates of the child maltreatment is due to the following factors EXCEPT according to the passage.C there is a shortage of the professional date collectors

2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

B 25-50% of all children were reported to have been physically abused.3.Many homicide deaths in children under 15 are wrongly categorized into the following types EXCEPT according to the passage.B diarrhea

4.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the bad impact caused by child maltreatment?

A The child will behave badly in his memory of his childhood when、he grows up.5.The maltreated chidlren often bear all the following characteristics EXCEPT according to the passage.D thev often try their best to meet the requirements from their parents

第三十四篇

Be Alert to1 Antimicrobial Resistance

The ability of micro-organisms to find ways to evade the action of the drugs used to cure the infections they cause is increasingly recognized as a global public health issue.Some bacteria have developed mechanisms which make them resistant to many of the antibiotics normally used for their treatment(multi-drug resistant bacteria)，so pose particular difficulties，as there may be few or no alternative options for therapy.They constitute a growing and global public health problem.WHO suggests that countries should be prepared to implement hospital infection control measures to 1imit the spread of multi-drug resistant strains and to reinforce national policy on prudent use of antibiotics，reducing the generation of antibiotic resistant bacteria.An article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases2 on 11 August 2010 identified a new gene that enables some types of bacteria to be highly resistant to almost all antibiotics.The article has drawn attention to the issue of AMR3(antimicrobial resistance)，and，in particular，has raised, awareness of infections caused by multi-drug resistant bacteria.While multi-drug resistant bacteria are not new and will continue to appear，this development requires monitoring and further study to understand the extent and modes of transmission，and to define the most effective measures for control.Those called upon to be alert to the problem of antimicrobial resistance and take appropriate action include consumers，managers of hospitals，patients，as well as national governments.the pharmaceutical industry，and international agencies.WHO strongly recommends that governments focus control and prevention efforts in the following areas like surveillance for antimicrobial resistance;rational antibiotic use，including education of healthcare workers and the public in the appropriate use of antibiotics：introducing or

enforcing legislation related to stopping the selling of antibiotics without prescription;and strict adherence to infection prevention and control measures.including the use of hand-washing measures，particularly in healthcare facilities.Successful control of multidrug-resistant microorganisms has been documented in many countries，and the existing and well-known infection prevention and control measures can effectively reduce transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms if systematically implemented.WHO will continue to support countries to develop relevant policies，and to coordinate international efforts to combat antimicrobial resistance.Antimicrobial resistance will be the theme of WHO’s World Health Day 2011.练习：

1.Why is the use of antibiotics arousing globally increasing interest?

A.The misuse of the antibiotics has caused stronger bacteria resistance and no new drugs against the bacteria are available at present.2.Which of the following is true of the article published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases?

C A new strain has been found to be highly resistant to almost all antibiotics.3.Who of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage to take cautious and proper action about the AMR?

D Those who study in universities.4.All the following recommendations to the governments from WHO is true EXCEPT

D limit on the hospitals to store more antibiotic drugs than they Can use.5.What can you infer from the passage?

B Even with the new strains against the existing antibiotics，the transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms is still under control.