2014年职称英语 完形填空(7) -An Intelligent Car5篇

第一篇：2014年职称英语 完形填空(7) -An Intelligent Car

第七篇An Intelligent Car

Driving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, and coordination between hands and the brain.Many human

There is a virtual driver in the smart car.This virtual driverhas “eyes,” “brains,” “hands” and “feet,” too.The each side of the car are his “eyes,” which observe the road conditions ahead of it.They watch the to the car‟s left and right.There is also virtual driver‟s “brain.” His “brain” calculates the speeds of Basing on this informationntelligent car, and gives to the “hands” and “feet” to act accordingly.In this way, the virtual driver controls his car.What is the virtual driver‟s best advantage“brain.” It ssing of the images within 100 milliseconds.However, the world‟s best driver , when he takes action, he needs one more second.can we let him have the wheel just yet.His 词汇： coordination /kEu7C:di5neiFEn/ n.协调，协同 accordingly /E5kC:diNli/ adj.相应地 virtual /5vE:tjuEl/ adj.虚拟的 millisecond /5mili7sekEnd/ n.毫秒 minicamera n.微型相机 expressway /Ik5spresweI/ n.高速公路注释：

1.virtual driver：虚拟驾驶员

2.Basing on this information：基于这些信息。Basing on this information是现在分词短语，用作状语。

3.best advantage：昀大的优点

4.have the wheel：掌握方向盘，也就是“驾驶汽车”的意思。

5.that：that替代上一句的“ let him have the wheel at any time and in any place”。

6.just yet：迄今还。yet意为“迄今还”，常用于否定句中。Just修饰 yet，起强调的作用。练习：

1.AtheseBthemCthisDthat

2.AwithinBaboveCtoDon

3.ApoliceBtrafficCtrucksDbuses

4.AmechanicalBmovableCautomaticDelectronic

5.AanotherBotherCeach otherDone another

6.Aline BlaneCtrackDpath

7.AspaceBlocationCinstructionsDtime

8.AquicklyBcleverlyCvirtually sendingDsafely

9.AbringingBtakingCsendingDcarrying

10.AselectsBcompletesCusesDtests

11.Aat leastBat mostCat lastDat best

12.ASoBHoweverCBesidesDTherefore

13.AcountBamountCdigitDrate

14.AwarnBsuggestCinviteDcheck

15.Aunknown B few C untested D limited

答案及题解 :

1.A第一句提到的是 eyes，ears，brain等，指示代词应该用复数形式的 these，不能选 this或 that。选 them4563211

也不对，因为 all them不符合习惯用法，正确的说法是 all of them。

2.D side前面要求用介词 on。

3.B选项 B：traffic意思是“流动的车辆”，是本题的答案。police(警察)、trucks（重型卡车）和 buses（公共汽车）表达的意思都是路况的一部分，显然与现实不符。

4.C 从上下文判断，本句的意思应该是高度自动化的驾驶系统，所以答案是 automatic。其余三个选项（mechanical机械的，movable可移动的，electronic电子的）表达的意思与上下文配不上。

5.B 从上下文判断，本句说的是“其他流动的车辆”，所以要选用 other。Another意为“另一个”，each other和 one another都是“互相”的意思，与上下文表达的意思相去甚远。

6.D 上下文的意思要求选 path（路径）。line（线路）lane（车道）和 track（车辙），意思虽与 path接近，显然讲不通。

7.C 本句的前半句说的是电脑选定了路径，接下来自然是“……给„手‟发出指令（instructions），„手‟就做出相应的动作”。所以 C是答案。space，locations，time的词义与上下文的意思衔接不上。

8.A 通段讲的是虚拟驾驶员的反应速度，所以只能选 quickly。

9.C bring是“带来”，take是“带走，接受（命令）”，send是“发送（命令）”，carry是“携带”。从上下文判断，应该是“… sending images continuously to the „brain‟”。

10.B前一句说的是微型摄像机将图像送入电脑，接下来的意思应该是电脑处理图像，完成处理图像所需的时间为 100毫秒。根据上下文表达的意思，应该选 B。

11.A 本句的起始词是 However，表示本句的意思与上一句的意思形成对比。上一句说电脑完成图像处理只需 100毫秒，第二句说，昀好的驾驶员处理的时间要长得多，应该是 at least need one second。

12.C上一句说，昀好的驾驶员至少需要 1秒的时间才能完成图像处理。本句进一步说，他做出动作还需 1秒的时间，这两句的意思是层层深入，所以要选 Besides。

13.D 根据上下文判断 ,“accident + ？”要表达的应该是“事故率”。Rate是“比率”，所以，答案是 D。count（计数），amount（数量）、digit(0到 9中任何一个阿拉伯数字)都不对。

14.C “can we let him have the wheel at any time and in any place?”涉及交通安全、人命关天的问题，能就是能，不能就是不能：什么“邀请（invite）”、“建议（suggest）、“检查（check）”。都谈不上。所以，答案只能是 warn（警告）。

15.D 本句是给出目前不能 let smart car have the wheel at any time and in any place的原因。原因是它的能力 limited(有限)。对 smart car的能力一无所知（unknown）或是没有测试过（untested），显然与前文的意思不符。few只能与可数名词搭配，ability在本句中是不可数名词，所以，few也不是答案。

第七篇智能汽车

开车需要目光锐利、耳朵灵敏、反应敏捷和手脑间的协作。许多人类司机这些条件部具备，并可控制一辆急速行驶的汽车，但一辆智能车如何进行自控？

智能车中有一位虚拟驾驶员。这位司机同样有“眼”，有“脑”，有“手”，有“脚”。车两侧的微型摄像头就是他的眼，负责观察车前方的路况。他们注意着车两侧的交通情况，车中也有高度自动化的驾驶系统。这就是内置的电脑，也就是虚拟司机的大脑。这个大脑计算出车近旁正在运动车辆的速度，并分析它们的位置。基于这些信息，它为智能车选择昀佳路径，并给出指示以让手脚做出相应运动。通过这样的方式，虚拟司机就对车辆实行了控制。

虚拟司机的昀大优点是什么？他的反应速度很快。微型摄像头不断向“大脑”发送图像数据。他完成图像处理的时间为 100毫秒。然而，世界上昀优秀的人类司机也至少需要 1秒钟的反应时间。当他作出行动时，又多得一秒。

虚拟司机的确很棒。在高速公路上，他可大大减少事故发生率。鉴于此，我们是否可以让他在任何时间任

何地点都驾驶汽车呢？专家们警告说，我们现在还不能这样做。智能车辨别事物的能力还很有限。目前，这种车只能在高速公路上行驶。

第二篇：江苏省职称英语理工-完形填空

江苏省职称英语理工——完形填空

江苏省职称英语理工——完形填空

江苏省职称英语理工——完形填空

江苏省职称英语理工——完形填空

第三篇：2007英语完形填空

2007I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains.The sun was setting when my car ___31___（break）down near a remote and poor village.Cursing my misfortune，I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to ___32___ should have the honor of receiving me ___33___ a guest in their house.Finally，I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house.While she was getting me ___34___（settle）into a tiny but clean room，the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to ___35___ small town some 20 kilometres away___36___there was a garage.I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess„s courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table.___37___ villagers brought me goat‟s cheese and hone.We drank together and talked ___38___（merry）till far into the night.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village，I wanted to reward the old woman ___39___the trouble I had caused ___40___.2008Chinese proverbs are rich and they are still widely used in Chinese people„s daily life.___31___ these proverbs there are often interesting stories.For example，the proverb，“plucking up a crop ___32___（help）it grow”，is based on the following story.It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty（960—1279）was very anxious to help ___33___rice crop grow up quickly.He was thinking about ___34___ day and night.But the crop was growing much slower than he expected.One day，he came up with an idea ___35___ he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches.He did so the next day.He was very tired ___36___ doing this for a whole day，___37___ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” ___38___（high）。

His son heard about this and went to see the crop.Unfortunately the leaves of the crop began to wither.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their ___39___（nature）course.Being too anxious to help an event develop often ___40___（result）in the contrary to our intention.2009 Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult ___31___ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wished that he was as easy ___32___(please)as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.Besides, shopping at this time of the year was not ___33___ pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or ___34___(push)you with their elbows(肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.Jane paused in front of a counter ___35___ some attractive ties were on display.“They are real silk,” the assistant tried to attract her.“Worth double the price.” But Jane knew from past experience that her ___36___(choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good quality pipes ___37___ sale.She did not hesitate for long: although her father smokeda pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please ___38___.When Jane got home, with her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already ___39___ table having supper.Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,” Jane ___40___(inform).2010Ａyoung man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water.______31____water was sweet.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to elder _______32____ had been his teacher.After a four-day journey, the young man_____33___.(present)the water to the old man.His teacher took a deep drink,smiled____34_____(warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.The young man went home____35______a happy heart.After the student left, the teacher let __36___student taste the water.He spit it out, __37___(say)it was awful.Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container.He asked his teacher,” Sir, the water was awful.Why did you pretend to like ___38____?”

The teacher replied,” You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be ___39___(sweet).”

We understand this lesson best ____40___ we receive gifts of love from children.Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation.We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.

第四篇：2014年职称英语完形填空理工B

Composergermson

Car Thieves Could Be Stopped Remotely

(远程制止偷车贼)

Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch.But he is in a nasty surprise.The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer, and a radio signal from a control center miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine , he will not be able to start it again.For now, such devices only available for fleets of trucks and specialist vehicles used on construction sites.But remote immobilization technology could soon start to trickle down to ordinary cars, and be available to ordinary cars in the UK in two months.The idea goes like this.A control box fitted to the car incorporates a miniature cellphone, a microprocessor and memory, and a GPS satellite positioning receiver.the car is stolen, a coded cellphone signal will tell the unit to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine There are even plans for immobilizers that shut down vehicles on the move, though there are fears over the safety implications of such a system.In the UK, an array of technical fixes is already makingharder for car thieves.―The pattern of vehicles crime has changed,‖ says Martyn Rand all of Thatcham, a security research organization based in Berkshire that is funded in partthe motor insurance industry.He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a novice how to steal a car, using a bare minimum

of tools.But only if the car is more than 10 years old.Modern cars are a far tougher proposition, as their engine management computer will not allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code beamed out by the ignition key.In the UK, technologies like thisachieve a 31 per cent drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997.But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars.Often by getting hold of the owner’s keys in a burglary.In 2000, 12 per cent of vehicles stolen in the UK were taken by using the owner’s keys, which doubles the previous year’s figure.Remote-controlled immobilization system woulda major new obstacle in the criminal’s way by making such thefts pointless.A group that includes Thatcham, the police, insurance companies and security technology firms have developed standards for a system that could go on the market sooner than theexpects.An Intelligent Car(智能汽车)

Driving needs sharp eyes, keen ears, quick brain, and coordination between hands and the brain.Many human drivers have all and can control a fast-moving car.But how does an intelligent car control itself?

There is a virtual driver in the smart car.This virtual driver has ―eyes‖, ―brains‖, ―hands‖ and ―feet‖, too.The minicameraseach side of the car are his ―eyes‖, which observe the road conditions ahead of it.They

watch theto the car’s left and right.There is also a highlydriving system in the car.It is the built-in computer, which is the virtual driver’s ―brain‖.His ―brain‖ calculates the speeds ofmoving cars near it and analyzes their positions.Basing on this information, it chooses the rightfor the intelligent car, and givesto the ―hands‖ and ―feet‖ to act accordingly.In this way, the virtual driver controls his car.What is the virtual driver’s best advantage? He reacts.The minicameras areimages continuously to the ―brain.‖ Itthe processing of the images within 100 milliseconds.However, the world’s best driverneeds one second to react.Besides, when he takes action, he needs one more second.The virtual driver is really wonderful.He can reduce the accident rate considerably on expressways.In this case, can we let him have the wheel at any time and in amy place? Experts warn that we cannot do that just yet.His ability to recognize things is still He can now only drive an intelligent car on expressways.Wonder Webs(奇妙的网)

Spider webs are more than homes, and they are ingenious traps.And the world’s best web spinner may be the Golden Orb Weaver spider.The female Orb Weaver spins a web of fibers thin enough to be invisible to insect prey, yet tough enough to snare a flying bird without breaking.The secret of the web’s strength? A type of

super-resilient called dragline.When the female spider is ready to the web’s spokes and frame, she uses her legs to draw the airy thread out through a hollow nozzle in her belly.Dragline is not sticky, so the spider can race back and forth along trademark spiral.Unlike some spiders that weave a new web every day, a Golden Orb Weaver reuses her handiwork until it falls apart, sometimes not for two years.The silky thread is five times stronger than steel by weight and absorbs the force of an impact three times better than Kevlar, a high-strength human-made used in bullet-proof vests.And thanks to its high tensile strength, or the ability to resist breaking under the pulling force called tension, a single strand can stretch up to 40 percent longer than its originaland snap back as well as new.No human-made fiber even comes It is no wonder manufacturers are clamoring for spider silk.In the consumer pipeline: high-performance fabrics for athletes and stockings that never run.Think parachute cords and suspension bridge cables.A steady – but how to produce it? Harvesting silk on spider farms does notbecause the territorial arthropods have a tendency to devour their neighbors.Now, scientists at the biotechnology company Nexia are spinning artificial silk modeled after Golden Orb dragline.The first step: extract silk-making genes from the spiders.Next, implant the genes into goat egg cells.The nanny goats that grow from the eggs secrete

dragline silk proteins in their.―The young goats pass on the silk-making gene withouthelp from us,‖ says Nexia president Jeffrey Turner.Nexia is still perfecting the spinning process, but they hope artificial spider silk will soon be snagging customers the real thing snags bugs.Chicken Soup for the Soul:Comfort Food Fights Lneliness（心灵鸡汤：爽心食品排解孤独感）Mashed potatoes, macaroni and cheese, may be bad for your arteries，according to a study in Psychological Science, they’re good for your heart and ．The study focuses on ―comfort food‖ and how it makes people feel．

“For me,food has always played a big role in my family,‖ says Jordan Troisi, a graduate student at the University of Buffalo, and lead author on the study．The study came out of the research program of his co—author Shira Gabriel．It has non-human

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them．Others were given an emotionally neutral writing assignment.Then, some people in eachwrote about the experience of eating a comfort food and others wrote about eating a new food．had participantsof loneliness．

Writing about a fight with a close person made people feel lonely．But people who were generallyin their relationships would feel less lonely by writing about a comfort food．”We have found that comfort foods are consistently associated with those close to us．“says Troisi．”Thinking about or consuming these foods later then serves as a reminder of those close others．“Inessays on comfort food, many people wrote about theexperienceof eating food with family and friends.In another experiment,chicken soup in the lab made people think more about relationships, but only if they considered chicken soup to be a comfort food．This was a question they had been asked long before the experiment, along with many other questions, so they wouldn’t remember it.Throughout everyone’s daily lives they experience stress, often associated with ourwith others,” Troisi says．"Comfort food Can be an easy remedy for loneliness．

emotions．Some people reduce loneliness by bonding with their favorite TV show, building virtual relationships with a pop song singer or looking at pictures of loved ones．Troisi and Gabriel wondered if comfort food could have the same effectmaking people think of their nearest and dearest.In one experiment, in order to makeparticipants feel lonely, the researchers had them write for six minutes about a fight with someone close to

第五篇：2014职称英语卫生类A级完形填空及译文

2014职称英语教材-卫生类A级5篇完形填空及参考译文（红色为书中选项答案）

+11Migrant Workers

In the past twenty years, there has been an increasing tendency for workers to move from one country to another.some newly independent countries have understandably restricted most jobs to local people, others have attracted and welcomed migrant workers.This is particularly the case in the Middle East,1increased oil incomes have enabled many countries tooutsiders to improve local facilities.the Middle East has attracted oil-workers from the USA and Europe.It has brought in construction workers and technicians from many countries,South Korea and Japan.In view of the difficult living and working conditions in the Middle East, 2 it is notthat the pay is high to attract suitable workers.Many engineers and technicians can earn at leastmoney in the Middle East as they can in their own country, and this is a major attraction.An allied benefit is the low taxation or complete lack of it.3 This increases the net amount of pay received by visiting workers and is very popular with them.Sometimes a disadvantage has a compensating advantage., the difficult living conditions often lead to increased friendship when workers have to depend on each othersafety and comfort., many migrant workers can save large sums of money partlythe lack of entertainment facilities.The work is often complex and full of problems but this merely presents greater challenge to engineers who prefer to find solutionsproblems rather than do routine work in their home country.One major problem whichmigrant workers in the Middle East is that their jobs are temporary ones.They are nearly always on contract, so it is not easy for them to plan ahead with great confidence.This is to be expected since no country welcomes a large number of foreign workers as permanent residents., migrant workers accept this disadvantage, along with others, because of thefinancial benefits which they receive.+ 12Dreams

Everyone can dream．Indeed, everyone does dream．Those whothat they never dream at all actually dreamas frequently as the rest of us,they may not remember anything about it．Even those of us who are perfectlyof dreaming nightnight very seldom remember those dreams indetail but merely retain an untidy mixture of seemingly unrelated impressions.Dreams are not simply visual-we dream with all our, so that we appear to experience sound, touch, smell, and taste．

One of the world's oldestwritten documents is the Egyptian Book of Dreams．This volume is about five thousand years old, so you canthat dreams were believed to have a

special significance even then．Many ancient civilizations believed that younever ask a sleeping person as, during sleep, the soul had left the body and might not be able to returntime if the sleeper were suddenly.From ancient times to the present,people have beenattempts to interpret dreams and to explain their significance．There are many books available on the subject of dream interpretation．although unfortunately there are almost as many meanings for a particular dreamthere are books．

+13

Scientists Develop Ways of Detecting Heart Attack

German researchers havea new generation of defibrillators and early-warning software aimed at offering heart patients greater protectionsudden death from cardiac arrest.In Germany alone around 100,000 people die annually as a result of cardiac arrest and many of these casesby disruption to the heart’s rhythm.Those most at risk are patients who havesuffered a heart attack, and for years the use of defibrillators has proved useful in diagnosingdisruption to heart rnythms and correcting them automatically by intervening within seconds.These devicesa range of functions, such as that of pacemaker.Heart specialists at Freiburg’s University Clinic have now achieved a breakthrough with an implanted defibrillator of generating a six-channel electrocardiogram(ECG)within the body.This integrated system allows early diagnosis ofblood-flow problems and a pending heart attack.It will be implanted in patients for the first time this year.Meanwhile, researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Mathematics in Kaiserslautern have developed new computer software that renders of ECG data The overwhelmingof patients at risk will not have an implanted defibrillator and must for this reason undergo regular ECGs.“Many of the current programs onlyinto account a linear correlation of the data.We are, however, making usea non-linear process that reveals the chaotic patterns of heart beats as an open and complex system,” Hagen Knaf says, “changes in the heart beats over time can be monitored and individual variations in patients taken into account.” An old study of ECG data, based600 patients who had suffered a subsequent heart attack, enabled the researchers to compare risks and to showthe new software evaluates the data considerably better.+14YoungAdultsWho ExerciseGetHigherIQScores(新增)

Young adults who are fit have a higher IQ`and are moreto go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hopital.The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences(PNAS).The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were

born between 1950 and 1976.The research group analysed theof both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.The study shows a clear linkgood physical fitness and better results for the IQ test.The strongest links are for thinking and verbal comprehension,But it is only fitness that plays a in the results for the IQ test,and not strength,”Being fit means that you also have good heart and lungand that your brain gets plenty of ,” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahogrenska University Hospital.”This may be one of the reasonswe can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular.We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”

By analysing data for twins,the researchers have beento determine that it is primarily environmental facors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a IQ.“We have also shown that those youngsters whotheir physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,”says Maria Aberg, researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre.”This being the case, physicalis a subject that has an important place in schools,and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”

The researchers have also compared the results from fitness testsnational service with the socio-economic status of the men latter in,Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education,and many secured more qualified jobs.+15Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years

A hundred years ago，life expectancy in developed countries was about 47: in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74.Women to about 80, and theseare rising all the time.What has broughtthese changes? When we look at the lifeof people l00 years ago, we need to look at the greatestof the time.In the early 20th century, these were the acute and ofteninfectious diseases such as smallpox.Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were always at risk.In theworld these diseases are fartoday,90 and in some cases have almost disappeared.A number ofshave led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, whichbacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinationscommon diseases., people's generalhealth has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food，better and warmer housing，and better understanding of nutrition.Genetically，we should all be able to live to about 85 butpeople do live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing US from consistently reaching that age.The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and thoseby viruses, such as influenza and AIDS l.Of course, cancer is a huge

killer as well.In most cases these diseases affectpeople, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesitymore heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages.The killers today can be classed as “lifestyle diseases”，which means that it may be possible to halt their progress.移民工人

在过去的20年，工人从一个国家到另一个国家的趋势越来越大。一些刚刚独立的国家把大部分工作留给当地人，这一点是可以理解的，而另一些却吸引和欢迎移民工人。中东地区的情况尤为如此。那里增加的石油收入使很多国家能够召集外面的人来改进本地设施。因此中东吸引了来自美国和欧洲的石油工人。它还从包括韩国和日本的许多国家引入了建筑工人和技师。

由于中东地区艰苦的生活和工作条件，吸引合适的工人的费用是很高的，这不足为奇。许多工程师和技师在中东至少可以挣到他们在自己国家两倍的收入，这是最大的吸引力。一个相关的好处是这里的税收低，或者根本就不收税。这增加了来访工人的净收入，而且很受他们欢迎。

有时一个劣势就有一个补偿的优势。例如，艰苦的生活条件常常导致更深的友谊，因为工人们为了安全和舒适必须互相依赖。同样，许多移民工人能够存很多钱，部分原因是因为那里缺少娱乐设施。工作通常是复杂的，而且充满问题，但是这会向那些更愿解决问题而不是在自己国家里做例行工作的工程师们提出更大的挑战。

影响中东的移民工人的一个主要问题是他们的工作是暂时性的。他们几乎都是合同工，所以要让他们很有信心地事前做出计划是很难的。人们希望这样，是因为没有一个国家欢迎大量的外国工人作为永久居民。无论如何，移民工人像接受其他不足一样接受这个不足，因为他们得到的是可观的经济利益。梦之闲话

人人都会做梦，也确实每个人睡觉都做梦。那些声称睡觉从来不做梦的人其实都有做梦，而且做梦的频次与其他人一样，只是他们从来记不住自己做的梦而已。即使是那些能清楚地意识到自己夜复一夜都在做梦的人也很少能够把那些细节都描述得淋漓尽致，能记住的也只是一些看起来毫无关联的印象与场景组成的一团混沌。梦境不仅仅是视觉的，我们做梦的时候会牵动我们的各种器官，所以我们在梦里似乎能够听到声音，能触摸到，还能嗅到气味，甚至尝到味道。

埃及的《梦幻书语》是目前世界上所发现的最早关于梦的文本记载。这本书大概5000年的历史，我们可以发现在那个年代，人们就已经相信梦特有的重要性。在很多古老的文明中，人们都坚信不能惊醒睡梦中的人，因为在睡梦中，人的灵魂都会离开身体，如果别惊醒，灵魂也许就不能及时回到身体里。

从古到今，人们就一直试图解析梦境以及其重要性。目前市面上就有很多关于解梦的书，遗憾的是，对于同一个梦，有多少本书就会有多少种解释。

13科学家探索发现心脏病的方法

德国研究者们发明了新一代的除颤器和旨在为心脏病人提供更多保护，使他们免遭心脏

停止导致的突然死亡的早期预报软件。

仅在德国每年就有10万人死于心脏停止。其中大部分是由于心律中断导致的。危险最大的是那些已经犯过一次心脏病的病人。几年来除颤器被证实在控测心律中止和在几秒中内实施自动干涉以调整心律的诊断中是有用的。这种方法起到了很多作用，例如起博器。

弗莱伯大学诊所的心脏病专家已经在内置除颤器方面取得了突破性成就。这种除颤器可以在体内产生六个频道的心电图。这个综合体系使血液流通总是和即将发生的心脏病可被早些诊断出来。今年它将第一次被植入病人体内。同时，凯瑟劳特的弗劳胡佛实用数学学院的研究者开发了一种新计算机软件。这种软件使心电图数据更加准确。

大部分有风险的患 者不能用内置除颤器，因此必须接受常规的心电图检查。“目前的许多计划只把数据的线形关系考虑在内。但是我们现在使用的是能够将心脏跳动的混乱模工作为一个直观而又复杂的系统提示出来的非线性处理方法”。海根·纳夫说，“这样心脏跳动频率的变化就会受到控制，而病人个人的特征也会得到考虑。”一个基于600位犯心脏病的患者的以前的心电图数据研究使科学家们能够比较两种风险，结果显示新软件明显能更好地处理心电图数据。

14运动的年轻人智商更高(新增)

瑞典哥德堡大学健康校医院的科学研究院和该校校医院的一项最新研究表明，身体健康的年轻人智商更高，进入大学学习的可能性也更高。

研究结果发表在美国国家科学院学报上。这项研究的取样样本是1950-1976年入伍的120万瑞典新兵。这些新兵们报到时接受了体能测试和智能测试，研究员对这两类测试数据进行了分析。

研究表明，健康的体能和优秀的智能测试结果之间的联系和明显的。最突出的就是科学思维和语言理解能力与身体健康有关。但是智商测试结果中只是健康在起作用，而与力量无关。“身体健康是指，一个人心肺功能好，能将充足的氧气源源不断地输入给大脑，”瑞典哥德堡大学健康科学研究院教授和哥德堡大学健康科学研究院校医院首席内科医师迈克尔·尼尔森如说，“也许这就是为什么智商测试结果与健康之间存在明显联系，而与肌肉力量无关的原因之一。我们还发现生长因子也很重要。”

通过研究双胞胎的数据，研究人员可以得出结论，智商差异来自后天的环境因素而不是先天的基因，身体越健康，智商越高。

“我们还发现，在15-18岁之间加强身体锻炼的青少年往往认知能力也较强，”哥德堡大学健康学研究院研究员，ABY健康中心医师玛利亚·啊伯格说，“倘若情况果然如此，那么体院应成为学校中一门重要的学科，而且如果我们想要学好数学和其他理论科学，体育课是非常有必要的。”

研究人员还将新兵服役入伍报到时的体格检查和智商测试的结果与后来他们来生活中的社会经济地位进行了比较。那些18岁是身体健康的人学历更高，很多都能胜任高要求的工作。

15上世界人类平均寿命的变化

一百年前，发达国家的人口平均寿命约为47岁，到21世纪初，美英两国男性平均寿命为74岁，女性约为80岁，人们的平均寿命一直在延长。是什么造成这样的变化呢？在研究100年前人类的寿命时，我们需要注意当时的一些不治之症。早在20世界初期，这些不治

之症经常是像天花之类的急性的高传染病。许多儿童因此夭折（也有其他原因），年迈体弱的人也总面临着他们的威胁。

如今，这些疾病在发达国家已经远不能致命。这一变化归于许多因素，比如：环境及个人卫生的改善、抗生素的发现及使用（抗生素大大降低了细菌病的危险）以及常见疾病预防疫苗的接种。除此之外，更洁净的空气、更好的食物保鲜方法、更舒适温暖的屋子还有对营养的进一步认识，这些总的环境的改善也促进了人们的整体健康。

从基因角度看，人都能活到85岁。但尽管现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。现在困扰人们的是像心脏病、中风那些更为慢性的疾病，还有像流行性感冒和艾滋病那些通过病毒传染的疾病。当然，癌症也是一大杀手。上述疾病大多影响着老年人，但令人担忧的问题在发达国家日趋明显，如：肥胖症产生更多心脏病、糖尿病等其他疾病患者群渐成年轻化。

人们如果把这些疾病归为“生活方式疾病”，这意味着人们生活方式的改善有可能阻止它们的进一步发展。