2013年北京交通大学 博士 微观经济学试题

第一篇：2013年北京交通大学 博士 微观经济学试题

2013年北京交通大学经济管理学院博士生入学考试----------微观与宏观原题

----------有需要的，可邮件联系我njtu2013@126.com，100元两门，给2013原题----------别说我卑鄙，我找到这个题也不容易啊，下面只给出题型（想要具体内容的发上面邮件联系）微观经济学试题

一、简答

二、作图与计算

三、论述

宏观经济学试题

一、简答

二、论述

英语题型（记不住，只有题型与分值）

词汇30个15分

阅读20个30分

完型20个10分

改错10个10分

翻译15分—翻译主题：消费者、生产者与政府构成的有机体

作文20分—校园学术诚实问题

第二篇：2013西南财经大学博士入学考试管理学和微观经济学试题

2013年西南财经大学会计学院博士入学考试试题

管理学和微观经济学

一、管理学：

1、战略联盟是什么？形式有哪些？

2、六西格玛管理方法是什么？有什么特点？

3、什么是超凡魅力领导理论？魅力领导有哪些个性特质？

二、微观经济学（四选三）

1、苹果市场需求函数Q = 10–2P，供给函数 Q = 3P–5

（1）如果不开放贸易，求均衡价格和均衡产量

（2）如果开发贸易，国际苹果价格=2，问应该进口还是出口苹果，数量是多少？

（3）贸易前后，社会总剩余变化了多少？

2、给出了个矩阵，让你求解它的纳什均衡（包括混合纳什均衡策略）

3、中国会针对耕地以耕种补贴，而美国会给耕地以休种补贴，为什么两国的农业制度会有差别？

4、总说多劳多得，为什么长时间来看，我们的工资涨了，劳动时间却从过去6天变成5天，工资上涨到底应该是多劳动还是少劳动？问你的理解

第三篇：微观经济学试题

一、名词解释：（每题3分，共15分）

1.需求(价格)弹性

在其他条件不变的情况下，某种商品或劳务价格变动因其本身需求量的变动程度。2.消费者剩余

消费者愿意为某种商品或劳务支付的价格与其实际支付的价格的差额。3.边际产量

边际产量是指，其他生产要素投入不变的情况下，增加一个单位一种生产要素投入所带来的总产量的增加量。又称为边际产品或边际产出。4.外在经济

企业外在经济是由于厂商的生产活动所依赖的外界环境得到改善儿产生的 5.价格歧视

价格歧视，指厂商在相同时间内以相同产品向不同的购买者所取不同的价

格，或在充分考虑生产、销售以及风险的变动后，相同产品的销售价格与其边际成本不 相称。

二、单项选择题：（每题1分，共15题，共15分）

1.经济学研究的基本问题是(D)。

A.如何在股市上赚钱 B.证明市场可以配置资源  C.选择最公平的收入分配方式 D.稀缺资源的配置与利用问题

2.一国生产可能线以内的一点表示(B)。

A.通货膨胀 B.失业或者资源没有被充分利用C.该国技术水平提高 D.产品供求平衡

3.正常物品价格上升导致需求量减少的原因在于(C)。

A.替代效应使需求量增加，收入效应使需求量减少 B.替代效应使需求量增加，收入效应使需求量增加 C.替代效应使需求量减少，收入效应使需求量减少 D.替代效应使需求量减少，收入效应使需求量增加

4.已知一条线性需求曲线，a点为AB线段的中点，如图，则(B)。A.b点的需求价格弹性等于c点的需求价格弹性 B.b点的需求价格弹性大于1 C.b点的需求价格弹性小于1 D.b点的需求价格弹性等于1 5.若无差曲线上任何一点的斜率 dY/dX =-1/ 2，这意味着消费者有更多的X时，他愿意放弃(B)单位X而获得一单位Y。A.1/2 B.2 C.1 D.1.5 6.下列哪种情况不属消费者均衡的条件(D)。

A.MUx/Px=MUy/ Py = MUz/ Pz=……=λ B.货币在每种用途上的边际效用相等 C.MUn=λPn D.各种商品的边际效用相等

7.在总产量、平均产量和边际产量的变化过程中，下列何者首先发生(A)。A.边际产量下降 B.平均产量下降 C.总产量下降 D.B和C。

8.企业在生产中采用了最低成本的生产技术，劳动对资本的边际替代率为0.4，资本的边际产量为5，则劳动的边际产量为（A）。A.2，B.1，C.3，D.5。

9.从原点出发与TC曲线相切的直线的斜率是(D)。

A.AC的最低点，B.等于MC，C.是AVC与AFC之和，D.以上都成立。

10.假如某厂商的平均收益曲线从水平线变为向右下方倾斜的曲线，这说明（B）。A.既有厂商进入也有厂商退出该行业； B.完全竞争被不完全竞争所取代； C.新的厂商进入了该行业； D.原有厂商退出了该行业

11.在完全竞争市场中行业的长期供给曲线取决于（C）。

A.SAC曲线最低点的轨迹； B.SMC曲线最低点的轨迹； C.LAC曲线最低点的轨迹； D.LMC曲线最低点的轨迹

12.如果在需求曲线上有一点，Ed=2，P=20元，则MR为(B)。A.30元，B.10元，C.60元，D.-10元。13.拐折的需求曲线模型的假定有：（D）A.行业内寡头厂商们之间是有勾结的；

B.行业内某个寡头厂商提价时，其他寡头厂商不会仿效； C.行业内某个寡头厂商降价时，其他寡头厂商都会仿效； D.B与C。14.非完全竞争产品市场的厂商对某一生产要素A的需求曲线，可以由该生产要素A的(B)曲线表示。

A.VMP，B.MRP，C.MFC，D.以上都不是。15．产品转换曲线是从下列哪条曲线导出的?(D)A.消费契约曲线； B.效用可能性曲线； C.社会福利曲线； D.生产契约曲线。

三、判断题：（每题1分，共10分。正确的填T，错误的填F。）

1.一国生产可能性曲线以内一点表示该国可能利用的资源减少以及技术水平降低。F 2.对于生产函数Q=f（L，K），当平均产量（APL）达到最大值时，总产量（TPL）仍处于上升阶段，还未达到最大值。T 3.完全竞争厂商的短期供给曲线应该是SMC曲线上超过停止营业点的部分。F 4.企业运用生产要素A和B生产商品X，如果：MPa＝10，MPb＝7，Pa＝4，Pb＝3，企业就应该增加B的使用量。F 5.在拐折需求曲线的模型中，拐点左右两边的需求弹性是左边的弹性大，右边的弹性小。T 6.在完全竞争市场条件下，某厂商生产一种产品的要素投入价格为20元，其边际产量为5，则根据利润最大化原则，出售该产品的边际收益应为20元。T 7.假如以生产要素X代替Y的边际技术替代率等于3，这意味着这时增加1个单位X所增加的产量，等于减少3个单位Y所减少的产量。T 8.在P＞AVC时，完全竞争企业的供给曲线和MR曲线相同。F 9.以利润最大化为目的的单一价格垄断者所生产的产量只能在其需求曲线富有弹性的区间之内。T 10.如果既考虑劳动的替代效应，又考虑劳动的收入效应，那么劳动的供给曲线先向右上方倾斜，再向左上方倾斜。T

一、单项选择题

1、以下不是直接影响需求的因素或条件是(D)

A、价格 B、偏好 C、收入 D、成本

2、当出租车租金上涨后，对公共汽车服务的(B)(替代品)

A、需求下降 B、需求增加 C、需求量下降 D、需求量增加

3、若需求曲线富有弹性，其确切的含义是价格上升会引起(A)

A、购买者购买量的下降 B、购买者购买量的增加

C、购买者总支出的增加 D|、购买者总支出的减少

4、已知商品X的价格10元，商品Y的价格是3元，假定消费者有收入100元，他打算购买7单位的X，10单位的Y，这时商品X和Y的边际效用是50和18，如果要获得最大效用，他应该(B)(50/10=5 18/3=6 5<6 故减少X，增加Y)

A、停止购买 B、增加Y，减少X C、同进增加购买X ,Y D、减少Y，增加X

5、如果商品A和商品B是互补的，则A的价格下降将造成(A)(B需求的变动)

A、商品B的需求曲线向右移动 B、商品B的需求曲线向左移动 C、商品A需求曲线向右移动 D、商品A需求曲线向左移动

6、加入一个完全竞争厂商接到订单价格小于平均成本但但大于平均可变成本，它应该是(C)

A、停止生产 B、生产且有利润 C、亏损但继续生产 D、生产且利润为零

7、如果价格下降10%能使买者总支出增加10%，则这种商品的需求量对价格(A)

A、富有弹性 B、具有单位弹性 C、缺乏弹性 D、其弹性不能确定

8、已知XY两种商品的交叉弹性—-0.4，则这两种商品是(C)

A、独立品 B、替代品 C、补充品 D、不能确定 交叉弹性大于0，即是替代品，交叉弹性等于0，即是无相关，交叉弹性小于0，即是互补品

9、在完全竞争市场中，厂商短期均衡条件是(C)(MR=SMC)

A、P=AR B、P=MR C、P=MC D、P=AC

10、市场均衡意味着(D)

A、在某价格水平上供给数量等于需求数量 B、在均衡价格水平上，每一个买者都可以买到想买的数量，每一个卖者都可以卖出想卖的数量 C、价格没有变动的趋势 D、上述答案均正确

11、市场失灵是指(A)

A、市场不能有效配置稀缺资源 B、市场完全不好

C、收入分配不均 D、资源在私人部门和公共部门配置不均

12、如果上游工厂污染了下游居民的饮水，按科斯定理(B)，问题就可以妥善解决

A、不管产权是否明确，只要交易成本为零 B、只要产权明确，且交易成本为零

C、只要产权明确，不管交易成本多大 D、不论产权是否明确，交易成本是否为零

13、市场不能提供纯粹公共产品是由于：(D)

A、公共产品不具有竞用性 B、公共产品不具有排他性

C、消费者都想免费搭车 D、以上三种情况都是

14、吉芬商品表现为(B)

A、需求收入弹性和需求价格弹性都是正值 B、需求收入弹性为负，需求价格弹性为正

C、需求收入弹性为正，需求价格弹性为负 D、需求收入弹性和需求价格弹性都是负值

15、若一种商品的消费量随着消费者收入的增加而减少，一般来说，改商品是(D)

A、正常品 B、奢侈品 C、必需品 D、劣质品

三、简答题

1、影响需求价格弹性大小的因素有哪些?

答：相近替代品的可获得性;必需品与奢侈品;市场的定义;时间框架

2、外部性的私人解决方法的类型及其并不总是有效的原因?

答：类型：用道德规范和社会约束来解决;慈善行为;利益各方签订合约;依靠有关各方的利己来解决

不总是有效的原因：交易成本;固执;协调问题

四、名词解释

机会成本，是把该资源投入某一特定用途以后，所放弃的在其他各种可能的用途中所能获得的最大收益。

消费者剩余：是指消费者购买商品时愿意支付的最高价格和实际支付价格之差，是消费者购买商品时所得好处的总和。

边际替代率：在维持效用水平不变的前提下，消费者增加一单位某种商品的消费数量所需要放弃的另一种商品的消费数量，被称为商品的边际替代率。

六、计算题

1、从甲地到乙地汽车原价为10元，火车的乘客为12万，当汽车的票价由原来的10元减至8.5元时，火车乘客的人数减至10.56万，则火车乘客与汽车票价的价格交叉弹性为多少?

答：[(10.56-12)/12]/[(8.5-10)/10]=0.8 计算题：（每题8分，共16分。）

1.设无差异曲线为U=x0.4y0.6=9，Px=2，Py=3，求：（1）X、Y的均衡消费量；（2）效用等于9时的最小支出。

.解：(1)U＝x0.4y0.6，那么，MUX= ＝0.4x-0.6y0.6（1分）MUy= =0.6x0.4y-0.4（1分）即为:（2分）解: x0.4y0.6=9（2分）

(2)最小支出＝Px?X+Py?y＝2×9＋3×9＝45(元)。(2分)

2.已知某完全竞争行业中的单个厂商的短期成本函数为STC＝0.1Q3—2Q2+15Q+10。

试求(1)当市场上产品的价格为P=55时，厂商的短期均衡产量和利润；(2)当市场价格下降为多少时，厂商必须停产；(3)厂商的短期供给函数。

.解:（1）P=MR=55 短期均衡时SMC=0.3Q2-4Q+15=MR=55（1分）0.3Q2-4Q-40=0 ∴Q=20（1分）或 Q=-20/3(舍去)

利润=PQ-STC=55×20-(0.1×8000-2×400+15×20+10)=790（1分）（2）厂商停产时，P=AVC最低点。

AVC=SVC/Q=(0.1Q3—2Q2+15Q)/Q= 0.1 Q2-2Q+15（1分）AVC最低点时，AVC′=0.2Q-2=0 ∴Q=10（1分）

此时AVC=P=0.1×100-2×10+15=5（1分）

（3）短期供给函数为P=MC=0.3Q2-4Q+15(取P＞5一段)

第四篇：微观经济学试题

Single choice

1.The phenomenon of scarcity stems from the fact that（）.A)most economies’ production methods are not very good.B)in most economies, wealthy people consume disproportionate quantities of goods and services.C)governments restrict production of too many goods and services.D)resources are limited.2.In a market economy, supply and demand are important because they（）.A)play a critical role in the allocation of the economy’s scarce resources.B)determine how much of each good gets produced.C)can be used to predict the impact on the economy of various events and policies.D)All of the above are correct.3.What will happen to the equilibrium price of new textbooks if more students attend college, paper becomes cheaper, textbook authors accept lower royalties, and fewer used textbooks are sold?（）A)Price will rise.B)Price will fall.C)Price will stay exactly the same.D)The price change will be ambiguous.4.The presence of a price control in a market for a good or service usually is an indication that（）.A)an insufficient quantity of the good or service was being produced in that market to meet the public’s need.B)the usual forces of supply and demand were not able to establish an equilibrium price in that market.C)policymakers believed that the price that prevailed in that market in the absence of price controls was unfair to buyers or sellers.D)policymakers correctly believed that price controls would generate no inequities of their own once imposed.5.Policymakers use taxes（）.A)to raise revenue for public purposes but not to influence market outcomes.B)both to raise revenue for public purposes and to influence market outcomes.C)when they realize that price controls alone are insufficient to correct market inequities.D)only in those markets in which the burden of the tax falls clearly on the sellers.6.The particular price that results in quantity supplied being equal to quantity demanded is the best price because it（）.A)maximizes costs of the seller.B)maximizes tax revenue for the government.C)maximizes the combined welfare of buyers and sellers.D)minimizes the expenditure of buyers.7.Economists say that a market where goods are not consumed by those valuing the goods most highly is（）.A)laissez-faire..B)unequal.C)inefficient.D)rational.8.To fully understand how taxes affect economic well-being, we must compare the（）.A)consumer surplus to the producer surplus.B)price paid by buyers to the price received by sellers.C)reduced welfare of buyers and sellers to the revenue raised by the government.D)consumer surplus to the deadweight loss.9.Labor taxes may distort labor markets greatly if（）.A)labor supply is highly inelastic.B)many workers choose to work 40 hours per week regardless of their earnings.C)the number of hours many part-time workers want to work is very sensitive to the wage rate.D)“underground” workers do not respond to changes in the wages of legal jobs because they prefer not to pay taxes.10.The difference between accounting profit and economic profit is（）.A)explicit costs.B)implicit costs.C)total revenue.D)marginal product.11.Resources are（）.A)scarce for households but plentiful for economies.B)plentiful for households but scarce for economies.C)scarce for households and scarce for economies.D)plentiful for households and plentiful for economies.12.The principle that “trade can make everyone better off” applies to interactions and trade between（）.A)families.B)states within the United States.C)nations.D)All of the above are correct.13.One advantage market economies have over centrally-planned economies is that market economies（）.A)provide an equal distribution of goods and services to households.B)establish a significant role for government in the allocation of resources.C)solve the problem of scarcity.D)are more efficient.14.The production possibilities frontier is a graph that shows the various combinations of output that an economy can possibly produce given the available factors of production and（）.A)society’s preferences.B)the available production technology.C)a fair distribution of the output.D)the available demand for the output.15.When economists are trying to explain the world, they are（）.A)scientists.B)policy advisers.C)in the realm of microeconomics rather than macroeconomics.D)in the realm of normative economics rather than positive economics.16.For a self-sufficient producer, the production possibilities frontier（）.A)is the same as the consumption possibilities frontier.B)is greater than the consumption possibilities frontier.C)is less than the consumption possibilities frontier.D)is always a straight line.17.Suppose Susan can wash three windows per hour or she can iron six shirts per hour.Paul can wash two windows per hour or he can iron five shirts per hour.（）A)Susan has an absolute advantage over Paul in washing windows.B)Susan has a comparative advantage over Paul in washing windows.C)Paul has a comparative advantage over Susan in ironing shirts.D)All of the above are correct.18.In a competitive market, the price of a product（）.A)is determined by buyers, and the quantity of the product produced is determined by sellers.B)is determined by sellers, and the quantity of the product produced is determined by buyers.C)and the quantity of the product produced are both determined by sellers.D)None of the above is correct.19.What would happen to the equilibrium price and quantity of lattés if the cost of producing steamed milk, which is used to make lattés, rises?（）A)Both the equilibrium price and quantity would increase.B)Both the equilibrium price and quantity would decrease.C)The equilibrium price would increase, and the equilibrium quantity would decrease.D)The equilibrium price would decrease, and the equilibrium quantity would increase.20.The price elasticity of demand measures how much（）.A)quantity demanded responds to a change in price.B)quantity demanded responds to a change in income.C)price responds to a change in demand.D)demand responds to a change in supply.21.If the price of natural gas rises, when is the price elasticity of demand likely to be the highest?（）A)immediately after the price increase B)one month after the price increase C)three months after the price increase D)one year after the price increase 22.For which of the following types of goods would the income elasticity of demand be positive and relatively large?（）A).all inferior goods B)all normal goods C)goods for which there are many complements D)luxuries 23.To fully understand how taxes affect economic well-being, we must（）.A)assume that economic well-being is not affected if all tax revenue is spent on goods and services for the people who are being taxed.B)compare the taxes raised in the United States with those raised in other countries, especially France.C)compare the reduced welfare of buyers and sellers to the amount of revenue the government raises.D)take into account the fact that almost all taxes reduce the welfare of buyers, increase the welfare of sellers, and raise revenue for the government.24.When a tax on a good is enacted,（）.A)buyers and sellers share the burden of the tax regardless of whether the tax is levied on buyers or on sellers.B)buyers always bear the full burden of the tax.C)sellers always bear the full burden of the tax.D)sellers bear the full burden of the tax if the tax is levied on them;buyers bear the full burden of the tax if the tax is levied on them.25.A decrease in the size of a tax is most likely to increase tax revenue in a market with（）.A)elastic demand and elastic supply.B)elastic demand and inelastic supply.C)inelastic demand and elastic supply.D)inelastic demand and inelastic supply.26.If the tax on a good is doubled, the deadweight loss of the tax（）.A)increases by 50 percent.B)doubles.C)triples.D)quadruples.27.Economists assume that the typical person who starts her own business does so with the intention of（）.A)donating the profits from her business to charity.B)capturing the highest number of sales in her industry.C)maximizing profits.D)minimizing costs.28.If Darren sells 300 glasses of iced tea at $0.50 each, his total revenues are（）.A)$150.B)$299.50.C)$300.D)$600.29.Total cost is the（）.A)amount a firm receives for the sale of its output.B)fixed cost less variable cost.C)market value of the inputs a firm uses in production.D)quantity of output minus the quantity of inputs used to make a good.30.A firm's opportunity costs of production are equal to its（）.A)explicit costs only.B)implicit costs only.C)explicit costs + implicit costs.D)explicit costs + implicit costs + total revenue.31.Which of the following products would be considered scarce?（）A)automobiles B)footballs autographed by Messi C)tomatos D)All of the above are correct.32.Which of the following statements about the price elasticity of demand is correct?（）A)The price elasticity of demand for a good measures the willingness of buyers of the good to buy less of the good as its price increases.B)Price elasticity of demand reflects the many economic, psychological, and social forces that shape consumer tastes.C)Other things equal, if good x has close substitutes and good y does not have close substitutes, then the demand for good x will be more elastic than the demand for good y.D)All of the above are correct.33.Given the market for illegal drugs, when the government is successful in reducing the flow of drugs into the United States,（）.A)supply decreases, demand is unaffected, and price increases.B)demand decreases, supply is unaffected, and price decreases.C)demand and supply both decrease, leaving price essentially unchanged.D)supply decreases, demand increases, and price increases substantially.34.The imposition of a binding price floor on a market causes quantity demanded to be（）.A)greater than quantity supplied.B)less than quantity supplied.C)equal to quantity supplied.D)Both a)and b)are possible.35.A tax imposed on the buyers of a good will（）.A)raise both the price buyers pay and the effective price sellers receive.B)raise the price buyers pay and lower the effective price sellers receive.C)lower the price buyers pay and raise the effective price sellers receive.D)lower both the price buyers pay and the effective price sellers receive.36.If the current allocation of resources in the market for wallpaper is efficient, then it must be the case that（）.A)producer surplus equals consumer surplus in the market for wallpaper.B)the market for wallpaper is in equilibrium.C)on the last unit of wallpaper that was produced and sold, the value to buyers exceeded the cost to sellers.D)All of the above are correct.37.A result of welfare economics is that the equilibrium price of a product is considered to be the best price because it（）.A)maximizes both the total revenue for firms and the quantity supplied of the product.B)maximizes the combined welfare of buyers and sellers.C)minimizes costs and maximizes output.D)minimizes the level of welfare payments.38.Other things equal, the deadweight loss of a tax（）.A)decreases as the size of the tax increases.B)increases as the size of the tax increases, but the increase in the deadweight loss is less rapid than the increase in the size of the tax.C)increases as the size of the tax increases, and the increase in the deadweight loss is more rapid than the increase in the size of the tax.D)increases as the price elasticities of demand and/or supply increase, but the deadweight loss does not change as the size of the tax increases.39.Taxes cause deadweight losses because they（）.A)lead to losses in surplus for consumers and for producers that, when taken together, exceed tax revenue collected by the government.B)distort incentives to both buyers and sellers.C)prevent buyers and sellers from realizing some of the gains from trade.D)All of the above are correct.40.In a competitive market, the actions of any single buyer or seller will（）.A)have a negligible impact on the market price.B)have little effect on market equilibrium quantity but will affect market equilibrium price.C)affect marginal revenue and average revenue but not price.D)adversely affect the profitability of more than one firm in the market.41.If the price of milk rises, when is the price elasticity of demand likely to be the lowest?（）A)immediately after the price increase B)one month after the price increase C)three months after the price increase D)one year after the price increase 42.Suppose good X has a negative income elasticity of demand.This implies that good X is（）.A)a normal good.B)a necessity.C)an inferior good.D)a luxury.43.To fully understand how taxes affect economic well-being, we must compare the（）.A)benefit to buyers with the loss to sellers.B)price paid by buyers to the price received by sellers.C)profits earned by firms to the losses incurred by consumers.D)decrease in total surplus to the increase in revenue raised by the government.44.A tax placed on a good（）.A)causes the effective price to sellers to increase.B)affects the welfare of buyers of the good but not the welfare of sellers.C)causes the equilibrium quantity of the good to decrease.D)creates a burden that is usually borne entirely by the sellers of the good.45.An increase in the size of a tax is most likely to increase tax revenue in a market with（）.A)elastic demand and elastic supply.B)elastic demand and inelastic supply.C)inelastic demand and elastic supply.D)inelastic demand and inelastic supply.46.If the tax on a good is tripled, the deadweight loss of the tax（）.A)remains constant.B)triples.C)increases by a factor of 9.D)increases by a factor of 12.47.Economists normally assume that the goal of a firm is to（）.A)maximize its total revenue.B)maximize its profit.C)minimize its explicit costs.D)minimize its total cost.48.If Tanya sells 200 glasses of fruit punch at $0.50 each, her total revenues are（）.A)$100.B)$199.50.C)$200.D)$400.49.Profit is defined as（）.A)net revenue minus depreciation.B)total revenue minus total cost.C)average revenue minus average total cost.D)marginal revenue minus marginal cost.50.A difference between explicit and implicit costs is that（）.A)explicit costs must be greater than implicit costs.B)explicit costs do not require a direct monetary outlay by the firm, whereas implicit costs do.C)implicit costs do not require a direct monetary outlay by the firm, whereas explicit costs do.D)implicit costs must be greater than explicit costs.1.D

2.D3.D4.C5.B 6.C7.C8.C 9.C10.B 11.C12.D13.D14.B15.A16.A17.D18.D19.C20.A

21.D 22.D 23.C 24.A 25.A 26.D 27.C 28.A 31.D32.D33.A34.B35.B36.B37.B38.C39.D40.A

41.A 42.C 43.D 44.C 45.D 46.C 47.B 48.A

29.C 30.C

49.B 50.C

第五篇：04年微观经济学试题

－－－04年微观经济学试题

判断题（十道，每道五分），判断正确或者错误，或者条件不足无法判断。必须给出判断理由（文字说明，图形分析，或数理推导）。判断错误，无判断理由或理由错误均不得分。>

1。对于向右下倾斜的线性需求函数，当价格下降时，需求弹性下降

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2。按照帕累托最优的定义，当社会所有的财富集中到一个人身上是一种帕累妥最优。

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3.纳什均衡是优势均衡的一种，反之则不对 >

4.现有出版商出版作家的著作,作家按照销售额按固定比例抽成。那么作家（追求最大化自己收入）希望的书籍市场定价要高于出版商出于自己利润最大化的市场定价 >

其他记不清了

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计算分析题（四道，每道25分）

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1。消费者偏好的基本假设是什么？试用无差异曲线表示其涵义。>

2。给出某人的效用函数U=lnx（x为收入）>

（1）判断分险偏好类型

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（2）此人现在有固定薪水工作，每月500元，他面临一个新工作机会

> 可能以概率a（具体数值忘记了比如0。5获得收入10000，以概率1-a获得收入2000元，请问他会选择此新工作吗？

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（3）承第二问，此人会为新工作购买保险吗，最大保险额是多少 >

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3。给出香烟市场供给函数Q=F（p)需求函数Q=F（P）（题目给出了具体数值，只是我记不清楚了）

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（1）求市场出清价格与销量

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（2）现政府决定加征从量税T（具体数值忘记），求新市场出清价格与销量以及消费者与生产者分别负担的税量

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（3）求征税的社会静福利损失，政府该怎么向民众解释存在如此福利损失时征税的合理性。>

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4。现有某企业生产成本函数，TC=FC+VC，市场产品需求函数Q=F（p）（具体数值记不清楚了）

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（1）市场只有一家企业时，问市场价格与销量，和企业利润 >

（2）当市场有两家企业时，求古诺均衡解，企业利润

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（3）受利益吸引，更多企业进入此行业，进入垄断竞争局面，求市场长期均衡解。