常见商务文体写作范例（合集）

第一篇：常见商务文体写作范例

常见商务文体写作范例

海报 POSTER

海报是贴在人来人往的地方，告知广大群众大多是喜闻乐见的消息，如电影消息、球讯、商品报道等等，其性质类似广告，有的还配以绘画以增加吸引力。有关球赛的海报 POSTER Football Match All Are Warmly Welcome

Under the auspices of the Student Union of our university, a friendly football match will be held between our team and the team of Chemical Engineering College on our football field on Saturday, May.27th, 2000 at 5:00 p.m.The Student Union

Thursday, May.25.足球赛

由本校学生会主办的足球友谊赛将于2000年5月27日（星期六）下午5时在足球场举行，参赛队为我校队与化工学院校队。欢迎届时观战。

校学生会

5月25日（星期四）

商品大拍卖海报 GOOD NEWS Summer Clearance Sales

All the goods on show are sold at twenty percent discount.Please examine and choose them carefully before you pay.There will be no replacement or refunding.You have been warned in advance.You are welcome to make your choice.Personal Shopping Service 好消息

夏季清仓物资处理

本店陈列商品一律八折出售。请顾客们仔细看货，认真挑选。商品付款出门后不退不换，特此预先声明。如蒙惠顾，无比欢迎。

贝金森购物服务中心

感谢信

Letter of Thanks

感谢信(Letter of Thanks)是外国政府机构或个人的关心、支持、帮助或热情款待表示感谢的对外函件。其具体格式和要求与邀请函相同。

例文

Date and Place Mr.____ Minister of _____(Address)Beijing,China Dear Minister，I am writing this letter to thank you for your warm hospitality accorded to me and my delegation during our recent visit to your beautiful country.I would also like to thank you for your interesting discussion with me which I have found very informative and useful.During the entire visit, my delegation and I were overwhelmed by the enthusiasm expressed by your business representatives on cooperation with China.I sincerely hope we could have more exchanges like this one when we would be able to continue our interesting discussion on possible ways to expand our bilateral ecomomic and trade relations and bring our business people together.I am lookingforward to your early visit to China when I will be able to pay back some of the hospitality I received during my memorable stay in yur beautiful country.With kind personal regards，Faithfully yours，(Signed)Mr.___ Minister of Economic Cooperation PLACE

证明书的写法示例

证明书种类很多，有工作经历证明、工作经验证明、病情证明、留学生经济担保书、学业成绩证明书等等，是用来证明一个人的身份、学历、婚姻状况、身体情况等或某一件事情的真实情况。证明信的写法通常也采用一般信件格式，但多省掉收信人的姓名、地址和结束用语。称呼多用“To Whom It May Concern”意即“有关负责人”，但此项也可省略。写证明书要求言简意赅。

医生证明书：

Doctor's Certificate

June.18, 2000

This is to certify that the patient, Mr.Tomas, male, aged 41, was admitted into our hospital on June.9, 2000, for suffering from acute appendicitis.After immediate operation and ten days of treatment, he has got complete recovery and will be discharged on June.19, 2000.It is suggested that he rest for one week at home before resuming his work.Jack Hopkins

Surgeon-in-charge

医生证明书

2000年6月18日

兹证明病人托马斯先生，男，41岁，因患急性阑尾炎，于2000年6月9日住院。经立即施行手术和十天治疗后，现已痊愈，将于2000年6月19日出院。建议在家休息一个星期后再上班工作。

主治医生：杰克·霍普金斯

公证书：

Certificate

(90)Lu Zi, No.1130

This is to certificate that Mr.Zhao Qiangwen holds a diploma issued to him in July, 1980 by Shandong University(Diploma No.064)and that we have carefully checked the seal of the University and the signature by President Zhou Yong sen.Jinan Notary Public Office

Shangdong Province

the People's Republic of China

Notary: Wang Fang

May 2, 2000

公证书（90鲁公证字第1130号）

兹证明赵强文先生持有山东大学于1980年发给他的064号毕业文凭上的学校印签和校长周永森签字属实。

中华人民共和国

山东省济南市公证处

公证员：王芳

2000年5月2日

祝贺信

Congratulation letter 1 Dear Mr./ Ms, On the occasion of the 35th anniversary of your National Day, please accept our heartiest congratulations.May the trade connections between our countries continue to develop with each passing day!Yours faithfully 尊敬的先生/小姐，值此国庆三十五周年之际，请接受我们最真诚的祝贺。愿我们两国之间的贸易联系持续发展。你诚挚的

Congratulation letter 2 Dear Mr.Minister Allow me to convey my congratulations on your promotion to Minister of Trade.I am delighted that many years service you have given to your country should have been recognized and appreciated.We wish you success in your new post and look forward to closer cooperation with you in the development of trade between our two countries.Sincerely 尊敬的部长先生，请允许我向您升任贸易部长表示祝贺。多年来你对国家的贡献被认可，欣赏，我非常高兴。我们祝愿您在新的职位取得成功，期待我们两国在贸易发展上进一步合作。诚挚的 回信

Dear Mr./ Ms, Thank you for your letter conveying congratulations on my appointment.I wish also to thank you for the assistance you have given me in my work and look forward to better cooperation in the future.Sincerely 尊敬的先生/小姐，感谢你来信对我的任命表达的祝贺。我也感谢您对我的工作给予的支持，并期望未来能有更好的合作。诚挚的

证明

证明书种类很多，有工作经历证明、工作经验证明、病情证明、留学生经济担保书、学业成绩证明书等等，是用来证明一个人的身份、学历、婚姻状况、身体情况等或某一件事情的真实情况。证明信的写法通常也采用一般信件格式，但多省掉收信人的姓名、地址和结束用语。称呼多用“To Whom It May Concern”意即“有关负责人”，但此项也可省略。写证明书要求言简意赅。

医生证明书

Doctor's Certificate June.18, 2000 This is to certify that the patient, Mr.Tomas, male, aged 41, was admitted into our hospital on June.9, 2000, for suffering from acute appendicitis.After immediate operation and ten days of treatment, he has got complete recovery and will be discharged on June.19, 2000.It is suggested that he rest for one week at home before resuming his work.Jack Hopkins Surgeon-in-charge 医生证明书 2000年6月18日

兹证明病人托马斯先生，男，41岁，因患急性阑尾炎，于2000年6月9日住院。经立即施行手术和十天治疗后，现已痊愈，将于2000年6月19日出院。建议在家休息一个星期后再上班工作。

主治医生：杰克·霍普金斯

公证书 Certificate(90)Lu Zi, No.1130 This is to certificate that Mr.Zhao Qiangwen holds a diploma issued to him in July, 1980 by Shandong University(Diploma No.064)and that we have carefully checked the seal of the University and the signature by President Zhou Yong sen.Jinan Notary Public Office Shangdong Province the People's Republic of China Notary: Wang Fang May 2, 2000 公证书（90鲁公证字第1130号）

兹证明赵强文先生持有山东大学于1980年发给他的064号毕业文凭上的学校印签和校长周永森签字属实。中华人民共和国 山东省济南市公证处 公证员：王芳 2000年5月2日

收据

收据种类很多，有收条、借据、订阅单、订货单等，是在跟对方发生钱和物的关系时写给对方作为凭据的条子，起书面证据作用。在写借据、收条时，写字据的日期写于右上角，然后写明是“借”还是“收到”，“借”、“还”钱或物的名称和数量。立据人写于右下角。

借款。

To Mr.Charles Green, May.18, 2000 I.O.U.three thousand U.S.dollars(U.S.$3000)only, within one year from this date with annual interest at four percent(4％).David Smith 兹借查尔斯·格林先生叁仟美元（U.S.$3000），年息四厘，自即日算起，一年内归还。借款人

戴维·史密斯 2000年5月18日

I.O.U.＝ I owe you 也可写成IOU, 即“我欠你”的意思，译成汉语为“今欠”、“今借到”。收到物品 June.8, 2000 Received from Mr.Handel the following things: One typewriter One tape-recorder

Bruce 2000年6月8日

兹收到汉德尔先生下述物件： 打字机壹台 录音机壹台

布鲁斯

例三：订阅单。写订阅单时共分四个部分：

1、订阅刊物的名称、起止时间；

2、订阅人的姓名；

3、订阅人的详细地址；

4、附言。SUBSCRIPTION FORM(Write in Block Letters Please)Please enter my subscription to “The Times” for one year beginning with the January issue of 2000.Name: Niles Palmer Address: 421 Swan Boulevard, Detroit, Michigan, the United States of America Enclosed please find a postal money order in the amount of 7.60 dollars.订阅单

（请用印刷体书写）

订阅《泰晤士报》一年，自2000年1月刊开始。姓名：奈尔斯·帕尔默 地址：美利坚合众国密执安州底特律天鹅大街第421号 随函寄上订阅费7.60美元，请查收。

启事

启事是一种公告性的应用文。机关、团体或个人如有什么事情向他人公开说明某事或请求帮助，或对群众有什么要求，可把要说的意思简要地写成启事。启事有多种，象寻人启事、寻物启事、征婚启事、开业启事等等。寻物启事

A Jacket Lost

In the playground, May12, a Jacket, green in colour and with a zipper in the collar lost, finder please return it to the owner, Krutch.Room 203, Dormitory 9.寻茄克衫

5月12日本人不慎在操场丢失一件绿色，领口有拉链的茄克衫。拾到者请把茄克衫还给失主克鲁奇。地点九号宿舍楼203房间。订婚启事

NOTICE OF ENGAGEMENT

Mr.and Mrs.Holand Walshman have the honour to announce the engagement of their daughter, Miss Lucy, to Mr.Samual Russell on Saturday, August 11, 2000.订婚启事

荷兰德·沃尔什曼先生及夫人荣幸地宣布，他们的小女露西与塞穆尔·罗素先生于2000年八月十一日（星期六）订婚，兹特敬告亲友。

活动安排

Activity Arrangement

Activity Arrangement Dear Mr./ Ms，We are very pleased to welcome President William Taylor and Manager James Rogers to Beijing and Shanghai in thesecond half of April for about a week.As requested, we propose the following itinerary for your consideration.Monday, April 18 4.00 p.m.Arrive in Beijing by Flt.xx, to be met at the airport by Mr.President of Asia Trading Co.4.15 Leave for Great Wall Hotel 7.30 Dinner given by President x Tuesday, April 19 9:30 a.m.Discussion at Asia Trading Co.Building 2:00 p.m.Group discussion 8:00 p.m.Cocktail reception given by the British Commercial Counselor in Beijing Wednesday, April 20 9:00 a.m.Discussion 12:00 noon Sign the Letter of Intent 1:30 p.m.Peking Duck Dinner 3:30 p.m.visit the Summer palace 6:00 Departure for Shanghai Would you please confirm by fax so that we can make arrangements accordingly.Yours faithfully 活动安排

尊敬的先生/小姐，我们非常高兴威廉·泰勒总裁和珍姆斯·罗杰斯经理能四月下半月到北京，上海访问一周，根据要求我们出下列活动安排供参考： 星期一，四月十八日 下午4：00 乘航班XX到达北京，由亚洲贸易公司的总裁X先生到机场迎接 4：15 乘车去长城宾馆 7：30 总裁X先生举行晚晏

上午 9:30 a.m.在亚洲贸易公司讨论 2:00 p.m.小组讨论

8:00 p.m.英国住北京商务领事举行鸡尾酒招待会 上午9：00 讨论 中午12：00 签订意向书 下午1：30 吃北京烤鸭 3：30 参观故宫 6：00 乘机去上海

请传真确认，以便我们做相应的安排。您诚挚的

通知

通知

通知是上级对下级、组织对成员或平行单位之间部署工作、传达事情或召开会议等所使用的应用文。通知的写法有两种，一种是以布告形式贴出，把事情通知有关人员，如学生、观众等，通常不用称呼；另一种是以书信的形式，发给有关人员，次种通知写作形式同普通书信，只要写明通知的具体内容即可。通知要求言简意赅、措辞得当、时间及时。

例一：布告形式的通知：通常此类通知上方正中写Notice或NOTICE（通知），发出通知的的单位的具体名称可放在正文前，也可放在正文后，右下角处，发出通知的日期写在左下角处。例如：

NOTICE

All professors and associate professors are requested to meet in the college conference room on Saturday, August 18, at 2:00 p.m.to discuss questions of international academic exchanges.May.14, 2000 通知

本星期六（8月18日）下午二时，全体教授和副教授在学院会议室开会，讨论国际学术交流问题，请准时出席。书信形式的通知

Dear Examinee:

As you know, due to unfortunate circumstances, ETS was forced to cancel the scores of the Octorber 1992 TOEFL administration in the People's Republic of China.At that time, you were notified that you would be able to take another TOEFL without charge up through the October 1993 administration.You should be aware that the TOEFL program has a long standing policy of not refunding test fees when administrations are cancelled.We apologize for any inconvenience that this may cause to you.Russell Webster Executive Director TOEFL Program

Educational Testing Service 诸考生：

如你所知，很遗憾，教育考试服务处被迫取消1992年10月在中华人民共和国进行的托福考试成绩，当时，我方通知你直至1993年10月止，可免费参加在此期间的任何一次考试。你本应知道托福考试项目有一条长期有效的政策：当考试被取消时，之后的一次考试不再收取费用。

因此带给您的不便，深表歉意。

教育考试服务处，托福考试项目执行主任：

拉塞尔·韦伯斯特（签字）

公司改组通知

Reorganization of a Partnership

1.We inform you that our business, which has been carried on most successfully for the last twenty years, will be turned into a limited company on the 30th May;and from that date it will be continued under the firm-name of the P.P.N.Co.,Ltd.2.We refer you to the enclosed circular announcing the reorganization of the above firm, and would assure you that any commission with which you may favour us will receive the same care and attention as in the past.3.We are now a private Limited Company, and we shall be glad if you will in future make out remittances to us to H.E.& Co., Ltd.4.After January 1st, our partnership will be dissolved and the business will be carried on at the same address, by H.O.and J.S.under the firm-name of O.& S.5.I advise you that the business hitherto carried on in the name of J.M.& Co.will be continued under the style of James Morton & Company, Limited.6.The business was most successfully converted into a Limited Company in October last, almost the whole of the shares offered being taken by customers, only a few remaining allotted.7.We inform you of an alteration that is to take place in the name and copartnership of this firm on July 1st.8.I acquaint you that in consequence of my having taken into partnership with my nephew, C.H., the business of my establishment will henceforward be conducted under the firm of T.H.& Nephew.9.We inform you that our business will be turned into a limited company on February 1, and from that date will be continued under the name of Sankyo Co., Ltd.10.Mr.Bills will continue to do business under the same style of Messrs.bills & Co., at the same address.11.I have now to inform you that I shall in future carry on the business under the style of Wilson & Co., and I venture to hope that I may continue to enjoy the confidence which has been hitherto extended to Brwon & Co.12.From the annexed circular you will observe that my partnership with Mr.R.T.was turned into a limited company on the 31st July last, and the business will be carried on under the style of T.& M.Co., Lid.hereafter.1、我公司在过去二十年里成就可观。现自5月30日起改组为股份有限公司，从该日起名称改为P.P.N.股份有限公司继续营业。特此奉告。

2、我公司组织有变，特附上通函一份。今后本公司保证象过去一样热诚为您服务．

3、目前我们为私人有限公司，今后如有汇款，请寄到H.E.股份有限公司，则甚为感激。

4、元月1日后，我公司解散。在原址成立O·S·商社继续营业，由H·O·和J·S·二人主持业务。

5、我公司过去一直以J·M·公司名义营业，现更名为詹姆士毛顿股份有限公司继续营业，特此告知。

6、去年10月，我们成功地改为股份有限公司，大多数股份均由顾客认购，我公司仅保留其少部。

7、兹订于7月1日，我公司将改变名称与组织，特此通知。

8、我已邀内侄C．H．加入我公司为合伙关系，公司业务今后将以T．H与内侄公司名义进行营业。特此奉告。

9、自2月1日起我们将改为股份有限公司，自该日起将以三共股份有限公司名义继续营业。特此通知。

10、比尔斯先生将沿用比尔斯公司之名在原址营业。

11、我将以威尔逊公司名义营业，并将一如既往地保持原布朗公司的信誉。特此奉告并盼惠顾。

12、我与R·T·先生的合伙生意，于7月31日改为股份有限公司，并以T·M·股份有限公司名义继续营业，详情见所附通函。道歉与解释

Appology & Explanation

Appology Dear Mr./ Ms，We are sorry we cannot send you immediately the catalogue and price list for which you asked in your letter of March 10.Supplies are expected from the printers in two weeks and as soon as we receive them, we will send you a copy.Yours faithfully 道歉

尊敬的先生/小姐，对三月十日来信所要目录和价格单，很抱歉不能马上寄去。印刷商两周后供货，一旦收到，我们将给您寄去一份。

您诚挚的 Explanation Dear Mr./ Ms，I was very concerned when I received your letter of yesterday complaining that the central heating system in your new house had not been completed by the date promised.On referring to our earlier correspondence,I find that I had mistaken the date for completion.The fault is entirely mine and I deeply regret that it should have occurred.I realize the inconvenience our oversight must be causing you and will do everything possible to avoid any further delay.I have already given instructions for the work to have priority and the engineers working on the job to be placed on overtime.These arrangements should see the installation completed by next weekend.Yours faithfully 解释

尊敬的先生/小姐，昨天收到你的来信，抱怨你新家的中央加热系统未按规定时间装好，对此我非常关心。参考较早的通信，我发现我搞错了完成日期。错误完全是我的，对此我非常抱歉。

认识到我们的疏忽给你造成的不便，我们将竭尽全力避免再耽搁。我已指示这项工作优先做并让工程人员加班。这样安排会于下周完成安装。

你诚挚的租赁申请书

Leasing requires an agreement.The first step towards setting up an agreement will be made by: 租赁需要一个合同。达成一个合同的第一步就是由以下四方决定：

a)the supplier: he wishes to sell his product and sees in leasing the means of achieving this with more certainly and speed.供货商：供货商希望能卖出货物，把国际租赁看成是稳妥、快速达成目的的一种方法。b)the lessee: he wants to buy certain equipment and sees in leasing the means to do this with few financial pressures.租赁人：他想买某种设备，把租赁视为在很小的金融压力达到目的的手段。

c)the bank of lessee: where it considers leasing to be the most advantageous possibility, it will advise the customer accordingly, and put him into contact with a leasing company.租赁方的银行：当租赁方的银行认为租赁是最佳方法时，会通知顾客，帮助他与租赁公司达成协议。

d)the leasing company: it knows the requirements of its customers and keeps in close contact with them.租赁公司：租赁公司了解客户的需要并与其保持密切的联系。

A leasing company will need to examine the solvency of any future lessee, the reliability of the supplier and the risk on the leased product.The lessee will be asked to fill in a leasing application.The leasing company will also need to know whether the leased product will help the lessee to increase his cash flow,etc.租赁公司需要察看未来租赁人的清偿能力、供货商的信誉和被租赁货物的风险。租赁人要求填写一张租赁申请。此外，租赁公司还要了解是否被租赁的货物会增加租赁人的现金流量。In the process of investigating the lessee, the leasing company will have to find out whether its customer will be able to make the contractual rental payments.Besides analyzing his actual financial situation, it will also make some estimates about his future position.The lessee will, therefore, be asked to submit his balance sheet and his profit and his profit and loss accounts for the past three years, in addition to his budget plans for the years to come.在调查租赁人的过程中，租赁公司要调查出是否客户能按合同规定付清租金。不仅要分析客户目前的财务状况，租赁公司还要预计期未来的情况。因此租赁人除了要提供今后若年的预算计划，还要提供过去三年的资产负债表和损益账目清单。

If the customer agrees to the leasing conditions offered to him, lessor and lessee will sign the leasing agreement which is done by way of sending back a signed copy of the offer.如果客户同意租赁公司提出的租赁条件，出租人和租赁人通过寄回已签字承诺复印件的方式签订租赁合同。

公司解散与停业

Dissolution of a Partnership & Winding-up of Business

1.We inform you that the partnership existing between us in the business of wool has this day been dissolved by mutual consent.2.Notice is hereby given that the copartnership which has existed between Mr.Black and Mr.Brown under the style of Black, Brown & Co., has been dissolved by agreement.3.We announce that on and after the 1st March the partnership existing between Mr.Black & Mr.Brown, trading as Balck, Brown & Co., will be dissolved.4.We advise you that we have by mutual agreement decided to dissolve partnership.5.It was decided not to continue their business on and after September 1.6.We inform you that the partnership lately existing between us and Mr.Aoki, under the style of Messrs.Aoki & Co., has been dissolved by mutual consent.7.We inform you that the partnership existing between us in the business of H.& Co., has this day been dissolved by mutual consent.8.We announce you that on and after the 1st January, 19--, the partnership existing between Mr.A.and Mr.B., trading as A.B.& Co., will be dissolved.9.The partnership hitherto existing between us under the style of B.& Co., having been dissolved by mutual consent, the business will in future be carried on by Mr.J.S.10.We advise you that we have by mutual agreement, decided not to continue our partnership.11.On the 1st January, 20--, the partnership for the past ten years existing between E.B.H.and H.O., will be dissolved by mutual consent.12.The partnership hitherto existing between D.R.M.and E.S., under the style of R.S.& Co., has been this day dissolved by mutual consent.13.In consequence of the dissolution of partnership, the undersigned gives notice that he has taken over the interests and responsibility of the late firm of R.S.& Co.14.We have the honour to inform you of the dissolution of our partnership, and that, having let our former premises, we have taken for the receipt and payment of outstanding accounts, an office at N.10, T.St.15.On the 1st of January next, the partnership existing between us under the firm of Tokyo Shokai for the past 15 years trading with U.S.firms will be dissolved.16.We, the undersigned, inform you that the partnership lately existing between us and Mr.R.P., under the style of Messrs.R.P.& Co., has been dissolved by mutual consent, as from the above date.17.The preceding circulars of Messrs.G.& B.and Messrs.B.& C.inform you of the dissolution of their establishment.18.We inform you that our partnership is this day dissolved, and that in future, our firm and our branch in Yokohama, will be used in liquidation only.19.We inform you that, our firm having been dissolved by mutual consent, both this establishment and that in Kobe will forthwith liquidate their pending business, for which purpose alone, our firm will be used hereafter.20.The term of our copartnership with Messrs.Shiba & co., of Kobe, having expired on the 30th April, it was decided that the same should not be renewed.21.The business will in future be conducted under the firm of Messrs.Hara & Co., and we trust that this arrangement will not only meet your approbation, but also ensure your entire confidence.22.On the 1st of June next, the copartnership for the past ten years existed between H.Onoda and K.Kodama, will be dissolved.23.The partnership will be discontinued owing to the retirement of Mr.Yokoi.24.On account of the death of our partner, Mr.Gotoh, our business carried on under the name of Gotoh & Co., will be discontinued from the 1st March.25.Notice is hereby given that the partnership which has subsisted between H.S.and J.L., under the firm and style of S.& L., will be discontinued owing to the retirement of Mr.H.S.26.Notice is hereby given that the copartnership which has for some time existed between J.G.and T.C.under the style and title of G.C.& Co., has been discontinued by agreement.27.We inform you that, on account of the death of our late partner, E.K., Esq., our business carried on under the name of K.J.& Co., will be discontinued from the 1st of January, 20--.28.The term of our copartnership with Messrs.M.& Co., of O.having expired on the 31st December last, it was decided by consent of all the parties concerned, that the same should not be renewed.29.The partnership of Mori & Co., of which I was a member, having expired, by lapse of time, will not be renewed.30.We inform you that our partnership which carried on business for many years under the firm-name of T.& L.was decided not to be continued after 1st January, 20--.1、经双方协议，经营羊毛的本公司于本日宣布解散，特此奉告。

2、伯来克先生与勃朗先生合伙经营的黑褐公司经双方同意宣告解散，特此通知。

3、伯来克与勃朗二位先生以黑褐公司名义营业的公司自3月1日起宣布解散，特此通知。

4、兹经双方同意，决定解除合伙关系，特此通告。

5、他们决定自9月1日起停止营业。

6、前此青木先生与我们以青木公司名义经营的合伙商业，经双方协商，同意解散，特此通告。

7、我们共同经营的H公司，经协议自本日起解散。

8、A、B两位共同经营的AB贸易公司于19--年1月1日起宣布解散。

9、曾以B公司名义经营的商号，经双方同意宣告解散，今后将由JS先生继续经营。

10、经双方协商我们决定停止合伙经营，谨此通知。

11、经营长达10年的，由EBH与HO两位经营的公司经双方同意于20--年1月1日解散。

12、由DRM与ES共同组建的RS公司，经双方同意，于即日起宣告解散。

13、由于本公司已宣告解散，下列署名人将接收前RS公司的债权业务，特此通告。

14、本公司已宣告解散，原址房屋已经出租，为清理旧收支帐款，现于T街10号设立办事处，特请知照。

15、过去15年来以东京商会名义与美国各公司交易的本公司决定在1月1日解散。

16、下列签名者通知各位：经协商，我们与RP先生合伙经营的RP公司于上述日期宣告解散。

17、先前的通函系告知贵方，GB公司与BC公司已经解散。

18、本公司今天宣告解散。今后本公司及横滨分公司仅供清算帐目之用，谨此告知。

19、经协商本公司决定解散，并与神户分公司一道，立即清算未了业务，今后本公司仅办理此项事务。

20、本公司与神户芝公司的伙伴关系于4月30日期满。我们决定不再延续。

21、今后将以哈拉公司名义营业，相信这样能取得您的赞许和全部信赖。

22、由小野田八郎与儿玉吉先生所组织的长达10年之久的公司，将在6月1日解散。

23、由于横井先生退休，该商号将不再继续营业。

24、由于我们的合伙人后藤先生去世，以后藤公司名义经营的业务将于3月1日停止。

25、HS与JL两位共同组建的SL公司，由于HS退出，不再继续营业，特此周知。

26、兹通知JG与TC两位前此合伙经营的GC公司，现经双方同意，不再继续营业。

27、由于合伙人EK先生逝世，以KJ公司名义经营的业务，自20--年1月1日起不再继续营业。特此奉告。

28、我方与O市之M公司所签定的合伙关系，迄12月31日届满，兹经全部合伙人协商同意该合伙协定不再延续。

29、我为毛利公司合伙人之一，现已到期，今后不再延续。

30、多年来我们以TL公司名义合伙经营，兹决定自20--年1月1日起不再继续营业，特此告知。

公司合并通知 Merger of Firms 1.We the undersigned, herewith inform all our esteemed correspondents that the two firms which have carried on business hitherto under the title of F.B.and T.& Co., will be united from this date, and continued under the title of B.& T.2.We inform you that we have agreed to amalgamate the two houses doing business in this town under the style respectively of F.B.and C.B.3.We hereby inform our esteemed clients that the above two well known firms have this day been amalgamated, and will in future trade under the title of L.& H.4.We have pleasure in announcing that, on and after the 31st July, our two firms of Messrs.B.& C.and Messrs.N.& B.hitherto carrying on business at 10 R.St., and 100 W.St., respectively, will amalgamate under the style of Messrs.C.& B., and the combined firms will transfer their offices to more commodious premises at the above address, to which all communications after the 31st July should be sent.5.We have the honour to inform you that we have agreed to unite the two mercantile establishments which have hitherto existed in this city, under the firms of C.& Co., and R.& Co.6.We inform you that, on and after this date, our amalgamated business will be carried on in the name of B & Co., Ltd.7.After the 1st of January, the business will be carried on at the old premises, Nos.6 & 8, River Street, by Ho.O.and J.S., under the firm-name of O.& S.We trust you will favour the new firm with your business.8.It is proposed that one ordinary share of the S.S.Co., Ltd., shall exchange for one share of the C.C.Co., Ltd., and a resolution to this effect will be submitted to the Extraordinary General Meeting on Wednesday next, the 30th April, as advised in the enclosed notice.9.In accordance with the powers conferred upon them at the General Meeting hold on the 22nd May 19--, the directors have been in negotiation with the S.D.Co., Ltd.for the amalgamation of that company with this.10.The two businesses have been working upon similar lines for years past, and there will be no alteration in this respect.11.A resolution to this effect will be submitted to the Extraordinary General Meeting on Wednesday, the 30th April, as advised in the enclosed notice.12.It affords them great pleasure to report that they have been successful in arranging terms of merger that are fully protective or your interest.13.It is proposed that one ordinary share of the S.D.Co., Ltd., shall exchange for one share of the C.S.Co., Ltd.14.We shall in future carry on the business under the style of Wilson & Co.15.The change of the firm-name will involve no change in the personnel or in the operation of the business.1、下列署名人，谨此通知各位顾客，自即日起以前以F·B·与T命名的两公司合并为B·T·公司，继续营业。

2、本地先前以F·B·及·C·B·商号营业的两店，经协商同意合并，特此告知。

3、谨告知我公司顾客，以上两个著名公司即日起合并为L．H．公司。

4、谨宣告，自 7月31日起，前在R街10号的B·C公司与在W街100号的 N.B公司合并为C.B.公司，并迁往上列商业区新址，今后通讯请径寄上址为荷。

5、原在本市经营商业的C公司与R公司经协议决定合并，特此告知。

6、自即日起，通过合并本公司将以B股份有限公司名义继续营业。特此奉告。

7、H．O．与J ．S两先生将自1月1日起在R街6号及8号旧址开设O．S．公司并开始营业。恳请光顾。

8、兹定于4月30日（星期三）召开特别股东大会，表决一个提案 — S．S．股份有限公司普通股份一股与CC．股份有限公司股份一股互换事宜。详情见所附通知．

9、依照19--年5月22日股东大会决议，我公司董事被授权与S．D．股份有限公司进行有关合并的交涉。

10、过去数年中该两店经营同类业务，对此今后将不会有所改变。

11、按所附通知书指出，有关此事将于四月30日（星期三）的临时股东大会上表决。

12、他们高兴地报称：已成功有利地达成合并条件，该项条件将确保您的利益。

13、根据提议：将以S．D．股份有限公司普通股一股交换C．S．股份有限公司一股。

14、今后我将以威尔逊公司名义进行营业。

15、公司名称虽然变更但不会带来公司人事与营业上的变化。

投诉 Complaint

Dear Sir，On 5th October I bought one of your expensive “Apollo” fountain pens from Julian's, a big department store of this town.Unfortunately I have been unable to use the pen because it leaks and fails to write without making blots.I am very disappointed with my purchase.On the advice of Julian's manager I am returning the pen to you and enclose it with this letter for correction of the fault.Please arrange for the pen to be fixed or replace it with a new one and send it to me as soon as possible.敬启者：

本人于十月五日在本市的朱利安大百货公司购买了你们出产的名贵“阿波罗”型号钢笔一支。但遗憾的是，我一直未能使用这支笔，因为它漏墨水，一写字就漏出一滴滴墨水污渍。我对所购买的产品非常失望。

现按照朱利安百货公司经理的意见，我随信把这支笔退还给你们，以便你们设法补救。

请你们安排修理此笔，或换一支新的给我，并望早日寄来为盼。

开业通知书

为了方便居住本地之顾客, 我方特在本地区开设分店, 以便供应品质可*、款式新颖、价格公道的服装。恳请惠顾。

We have opened a new branch in this district, for the convenience of our customers who live here, and for residents who wish to obtain clothing of the newest style and most reliable quantity at reasonable prices.兹定于本月一日我们在本市以约翰.史密斯的名义开设绸缎棉布行, 特此奉告。

We inform you that on the 1st of this month, we established in this city a Dry-Goods business under the firm-name of John & Smith.我们将以钱伯斯公司为名, 开设总代销店, 特此奉告。

We acquaint you that we have established ourselves as general agents under the title of Chambers & Co.我非常荣幸地通知您, 我已在本市开了一家日本货批发代销店。

I have the honour to inform you that I have just established myself in this town as a Commission Merchant for Japanese goods.我十分高兴地通知您, 在当地几家有名望, 有影响力公司的支持下, 我开设了轮船与保险的经纪业以及总代理店。

I have pleasure in apprising you that, under the auspices of several highly respected and influential houses here, I have commenced business as a Shipping and Iusurance Broker and General Agent.我很高兴地宣布, 从今日起我承接了老丰田公司的业务, 并在原地址继续营业。

I have the pleasure of announcing that the business of the old firm of Tokyo & Co., will, from this day, be carried on by myself at the same address.只要该项业务是在市内或市郊, 不论是专业或其它性质的, 在不支付旅费情况下,本代理店均乐意效劳。

Any business which you may have in or near this city, whether of a professional nature or otherwise, and for the sake of which it may not be worth while to incur the expenses of a journey expressly, I shall be happy to transact as an agent.我保证, 对所赋与的所有事项, 将予以迅速、有效地完成, 并尽量节省开支。

I assure you that it shall be my endeavour to act with promptitude and dfficiendcy, as well as with a due regard to economy, in all the matters entrusted to my care.我确信能胜任任何交易, 并能迅速, 经济和使您满意地执行所接受的任何订货。谨此恳请惠予赐顾。

Feeling confident of oy ability to conduct any transactions, and to execute any orders committed to my charge in a speedy, economical, and satisfactory manner, I solicit the favour of your commands.在本行业的国内外公司担任雇员和经理的12年里, 我获得了透彻的知识和贸易经验,因此, 能满足您一切合理要求。

The thorough knowledge and trade experience which I have gained in this branch of business during a twelve years' engagement as an employee and manager of prominent firms in this branch both at home and abraoad, will enable me to cope with all reasonable requirements.如有所需, 希望得到您的询价。

We hope to receive your inquiries when in the market.兹附上价目及交易条款, 并请注意下面的签名。

We enclose our list of prices and terms, and would ask you to kindly note the signatures at foot.竭诚希望取得您的信赖与惠顾, 并请注意以下签名。

Trusting to be favoured with your valued confidence in future, we wish to draw your attention to the signatures below.请注意我们下列签名。

Have the kindness to take note of our signatures at foot.建立分公司通知

Opening a Branch Office

1.I inform you that I have recently opened a branch establishment for the sale of my woollens at 10.Jimbocho, Kanda.2.As the volume of our trade with China is constantly increasing, we have this day opened a new branch in Bejing.3.I inform you that I have this day opened a new branch establishment in Osaka, and have entrusted the management thereof to Mr.t.Kono.4.I have committed the management of the branch to Mr.F.Newman, a gentleman on whose zeal, ability, and integrity, I place the utmost reliance.5.We have placed the management of the new branch in the hands of our partner, Mr.S.Sato.6.Kindly note that, from this day, the goods from my manufacture at Dairi will be supplied direct only by my Kobe branch house.7.Please, therefore, consider such goods as bear the mark “T.H.”, as genuine, only when offered directly by my Seattle house.8.We trust that you will continue to favour us with your orders, which at all times, shall have our best attention.9.For the convenience of our customers, we have decided to open a new branch in New York, and have appointed our Mr.M.Hammer the manager.10.We shall feel obliged if, instead of sending your kind inquiries and orders directly to our Tokyo Branch, you will, in future, place them with him.11.I inform you that I have recently opened a branch establishment for the sale of my wollen goods generally, at 10 Tower Street, Chicago.12.Our business having become so extended, we have established a branch under the style of Tokyo-ya.13.We are pleased to inform you that we have this day established a new branch of our business in London at 10, S.J., and have appointed Mr.C.H.our manager.14.We have opened a new branch in this district, for the convenience of our customers who wish to obtain clothing of the newest style and most reliable quality at reasonable prices.15.The requirements of the new branch being supplied from our own warehouses, you will be served with regard to both quality and price as formerly.16.We have pleasure in announcing that, owing to a large increase in the volume of our trade with the north of Europe, we have decided for the convenience of our customers to open a new branch in Liverpool and have appointed our Mr.A.F.the manager.17.Desirous of establishing in the city a branch of my house.I acquaint you that I have committed the management thereof to Mr.J.N.18.We should be glad to have a call from you at our branch near your home, or at any of our downtown branches.19.If one of our downtown branches would be more convenient for you, the same credit facilities will be gladly extended to you at any of them.20.You will appreciate the convenience of a credit account in our new branch.1、我最近在神田神保町10番，开设一毛织品分店，谨此通知。

2、随着公司与中国贸易不断增长，我们于本日在北京新开设一分公司。

3、本行即日在大阪市开设一分公司，并委任河野太郎先生为经理。

4、新分公司由F.纽曼先生任经理，对其热诚、能力及品德，我绝对信赖。

5、兹委本公司股东左藤三郎先生为新分公司的经理。

6、自即日起，我大理厂制品全部直接由我神户分公司供应，请鉴察。

7、凡标有T.H.商标的货物均属真品，该货仅由我西雅图分厂直接供货。

8、相信您将一如既往对我公司继续关照，我随时都原尽最佳服务。

9、为方便顾客，我们决定在纽约市设立分公司，并委任汉莫先生为经理。

10、您日后的询价与订单不必直接交于东京分公司，请直接与该员联络即可。

11、为销售我公司的羊毛制品，最近在芝加哥市塔街10号设立分公司，特此奉告。

12、由于本公司业务发展较块，特以“东京屋”为名开设分店。

13、我公司即日在伦敦S.J.10号设立分公司，并任命C.H.先生为经理，特此奉告。

14、为方便当地顾客，特在本区设立分店，出售最新款式的衣服。质量可*，价格合理。

15、分店的商品，均由本店仓库提供，质量与价格维持不变。

16、由于本公司与北欧地区贸易量大增，为方便顾客，决定在利物浦新设立一分公司，并任命A.F.先生为该公司经理。特此奉告。

17、我公司拟在该市设立分公司，已委任J.N.先生为经理。

18、如蒙光顾*近贵宅的鄙公司分店或闹市区的任何分店，我们将甚感荣幸。

19、凡对您近便的分店，不论哪家都原提供记帐便利。20、我新设公司都将向您提供记帐的便利。

新合伙人入伙

A New Partner Admitted

1.I inform you that I have taken into partnership with Mr.Y.Yokota, who has for many years acted as my manager.2.The business will be carried on as before, the name of the firm remaining unchanged.3.In consequence of my having taken into partnership my brother James Harrison, the business of the establishment will hence-forward be conducted under the firm of Harrison & Brother.4.We feel confident that our experience and local knowledge will enable us to give you entire satisfaction, whenever you may require our services.5.I shall be glad if you will take note of the signatures of the new partners as under.6.We request your attention to the signatures of our new partners.7.Mr.T.Waterman, eldest son of our partner, will be admitted a member of the firm, the style of which will be altered to that of Messrs.Waterman, Son & Ford.8.I have taken into partnership with Mr.M.G.Wells, and with his cooperation will carry on this business under the style ofC, Yamashitacho, Yokohama.8.Taking this opportunity afforded by the issue of the first price-list, I inform you of my removal to the present address almost in the business centre of Osaka.9.I inform you that I have now removed my office to the above address, the old premises having proved inadequate to cope with the ever-increasing demand made upon me by my numerous clients.10.As my new factory is situated in close proximity to the Railway Goods Station, I can despatch goods more promptly and accurately, as well as in best possible style.11.I inform you that in consequence of the increase of my business.I have been obliged to occupy larger premises, and that I have moved my office to 1, Nichome, Marunouchi, Tokyo.12.On and after February 1, my address will be: 38-39, Marunouchi Building, Tokyo.at which address I shall be pleased to give your orders my best attention.13.For any delay which unavoidably occurred during the last few weeks, by reason of the removal and alterations, I express my sincere regret.14.I take the liberty of informing you that I have returned to P., and I send you my present address, as above.15.We inform you that we have decided to discontinue our B.Street Warehouse, and respectfully ask you to address all communications, on and after this date, to...16.We inform you that we shall on the 30th May remove to more convenient offices at...17.I inform you that I have this day removed to..., where all communications should in future be addressed.18.We inform you that we have removed from N.Street to more convenient and commodious premises, situated at the above address.19.Owing to the expiration of our lease and the acquisition of the site by the L.C.C.for street widening purposes, we have removed to the above address, immediately in the rear of our late promises.20.We inform you that we have removed the offices of this company from 10S.St.to more central premises at the above address, to which all communications should in future be addressed.1、兹定于2月1日迁到更方便的纽约市第五街7号新址办公，特此通告。

2、我已经迁到永乐街1丁目10番地，今后联络，请用新址，特此通知。

3、我司已迁到上述更方便的地址，特此告知。

4、我司最近已迁到上述地址，特此通知。

5、我司已迁到上述地址，特此通知。

6、迁址通告：敬请贵公司从客户档案中将本公司的地址由千代田大楼改为：东京都中央区日本桥本町三矢大楼三号。

7、行址变更：从19--年1月6日起，我MM公司在东京都丸之内2丁目8番地的办公室将予关闭，此后该公司的信件，请寄横滨市山下町丙1号。

8、皆发行首次价目表之际，警告贵司我司已迁到大阪市的商业中心，地址如上。

9、承蒙顾客关照，订单增多，我公司原办公室狭小，远不适用，故迁到上述地址，特此通告。

10、我公司新工厂与铁路货站相邻，今后发货，一定比过去迅速。

11、我公司业务扩大，原办公室已不适用，故迁至东京都丸之内2丁目1番地，请知照。

12、自2月1日起，我公司地址将迁至：东京都丸之内大楼38-39号。如蒙订购，必将获得我司最佳服务。

13、由于我公司迁址以及变更登记，在前周内，我司发货延迟，实属难免。对此深感抱歉，请予谅解。

14、我已回到P处，现住上述地址，特此通知。

15、我司已经决定停止在B街的仓库业务。自即日起来信请寄到......，特此函告。16、5月30日以后，我公司将迁到更方便的......办公室，特此通知。

17、自即日起，已经迁到......，今后来信，请寄该址。特此告知。

18、我司已从N街迁到上述地址，更方便更宽大的办公室办公，特此通知。

19、由于我司的租期届满，又因马路要拓宽，LCC取得了该地所有权，我司只好立即迁到原址稍后的地点办公。20、我司已从第10S大街迁至上述地址的中央大厅营业。今后的信件请寄该址。特此敬告。

调动工作公文

T Willian Wang, Department of General Affairs From: Eirc Liu, Director of Personnel Subject: Work Transfer Date: July 15, 2001 I think, Mr.Wang, the Director of your Department has already talked to you about the change in your work.We have arranged to appoint you as section supervisor in the Security Department at a salary of US$** a month(20% increase)as from Tuesday, August 1, 2001.In your new post, you will be responsible to Mr.Francis Yang for the work of night shift employees in the department.Your eight years of loyal service in the General Affairs Department have been appreciated by the leadership of the company.Your transfer is completely due to the need of company.You have known that many thefts have recently taken place that have caused heavy losses to our company.We trust that with your appointment to this post, the security work will be greatly strengthened.Please write to confirm that you will accept this appointment.辞职信

Terminating Engagement

T Robert Smith, Sales Manager From: Bob Fu, Sales Development Date: May 6, 2001 Subject: Terminating Engagment Mr.Smith, I have worked in the Sales Development as a salesman for six years, and I have been satisfied with this position.However, a friend of mine introduced me to Goldlion Company, and I have decided to accept a post that will give me greater possibilities for promotion and an increase in my salary.I therefore write this memo as formal notice to terminate my engagement with you one month from today's date.辞退信

Terminating Engagement

T Francis Wu, General Office From: Marc Morgan, Director of Personnel Date: June 5, 2001 Subject: Terminating Engagement Mr.Wu, you may already know that the Directors of the company will soon have finished the reorganization of the business and that this will result in a decrease in staff.I am very sorry to inform you that your position is one that will shortly become redundant, and that you services will not continue after the end of this month.We have no cause of complaint against you, on the contrary, we are quite satisfied with your services during the three years.The reduction of staff is entirely due to business doldrums.You will of course be entitled to a redundancy payment.In your case you will be given one month's salary for every year of service with the company.Besides, we shall be pleased to provide any prospective employer with a testimonial of your character and ability.Please contact me if you have any questions.请假条（事假）

T John Smith, Supervisor From: George Chen, Accounting Department Date: March 11, 2001 Subject: Casual Leave of Absence John, I would like to know if I could ask for a casual leave of absence from March 23 to 27.Yesterday I received a letter from my parents, who are both over 70, telling me that a big flood took place at my home village, causing serious damage to my house.As the only son of my parents, I should of back to assess the situation, and help them to get over these difficulties.Though I cannot stay at home for too long a time, I should at least make arrangements for repair work.I believe my relatives in the village and my neighbors will also come to help.Financially I have no difficulties.I will call you at 1:30p.m.or you can call me at any time.五种常见的邀请信

(1)Dear sir/madam: I'm delighted you have accepted our invitation to speak at the Conference in [city] on [date].As we agreed, you'll be speaking on the topic “" from [time] to [time].There will be an additional minutes for questions.Would you please tell me what kind of audio-visual equipment you'll need.If you could let me know your specific requirements by [date], I'll have plenty of time to make sure that the hotel provides you with what you need.Thank you again for agreeing to speak.I look forward to hearing from you.Sincerely yours, [name] [title](2)Dear sir/madam: Thank you for your letter of [date].I'm glad that you are also going to [place] next month.It would be a great pleasure to meet you at the [exhibition/trade fair].Our company is having a reception at [hotel] on the evening of [date] and I would be very pleased if you could attend.I look forward to hearing from you soon.Yours sincerely, [name] [title](3)Dear sir/madam: [organization] would very much like to have someone from your company speak at our conference on [topic].As you may be aware, the mission of our association is to promote.Many of our members are interested in the achievements your company has made in.Enclosed is our preliminary schedule for the conference which will be reviewed in weeks.I'll call you [date] to see who from your company would be willing to speak to us.I can assure you that we'll make everything convenient to the speaker.Sincerely yours, [name] [title](4)Dear sir/madam: We would like to invite you to an exclusive presentation of our new [product].The presentation will take place at [location], at [time] on [date].There will also be a reception at [time].We hope you and your colleagues will be able to attend.[company] is a leading producer of high-quality.As you well know, recent technological advances have made increasingly affordable to the public.Our new models offer superb quality and sophistication with economy, and their new features give them distinct advantages over similar products from other manufacturers.We look forward to seeing you on [date].Just call our office at [phone number] and we will be glad to secure a place for you.Sincerely yours, [name] [title](5)Dear sir/madam: On [date], we will host an evening of celebration in honor of the retirement of [name], President of [company].You are cordially invited to attend the celebration at [hotel], [location], on [date] from to p.m.[name] has been the President of [company] since [year].During this period, [company] expanded its business from to.Now it's our opportunity to thank him for his years of exemplary leadership and wish him well for a happy retirement.Please join us to say Good-bye to [name].See you on [date].Yours sincerely [name] [title]

宣布访问

Declaring A Visit

Dear Mr./ Ms, Mr.William Taylor, President of our Corporation and Mr.James Rogers, Marketing Manager, would like to visit Beijing to continue our discussions on a joint venture.They plan to leave in the second half of April and stay in China about a week.Please let us know if the planned visit is convenient for you and what itinerary you would suggest.If the time of their visit is agreeable, will you kindly request your Embassy here to issue the necessary visa? Yours faithfully 尊敬的先生/小姐，我们公司的总裁威廉·泰勒先生和营销部经理珍姆罗杰斯先生，想拜访北京继续商讨合资企业之事。他们计划四月下半月出发并在中国停留一周。请告知我方该访问计划对你方是否方便或您要建议什么行程计划。如对他们的访问时间无异议的话，可否要求使馆签发所需签证。您诚挚的

合伙人退出的通知

Retirement of Partners

1.We have the honour to inform you of the retirement from this firm of Mr.T.Toyoda, He is retiring solely on account of serious advice from his physician, who recommends him a warmer climate if his life is to be preserved.2.It is not without regret that I write to inform you of my retirement from business, but as I am now getting on in years, I have decided to spend at least part of the autumn of my life in the quiet of my native place.3.It is with regret that I have to inform you that as the infirmity of age compelling me to take special care of my health, I have decided to retire from business.4.We have to inform you that we have retired from business, and that we have transferred every thing connected with our firm to Messrs.Yamamoto & Co.5.Permit us to communicate to you that an alteration is to take place on the 30th May.On that day, Our Mr.Y.Hayama will retire, and the establishment thenceforward will be carried on by the remaining partners, under the style of Yamao, Ozaki & Co.6.I inform you that I have this day retired from the business carried on by Mr.Gotoh and myself in partnership.7.I have to announce to you that my partner, Mr.Murai, has made up his mind to retire, and accordingly this business will henceforth be conducted by myself alone, trading under my own name.8.We inform you that, on and after the 1st February, our partner, Mr.R.S.John, retires from the firm, and that the business will be carried on, as heretofore, by Mr.Herman and Mr.Brown under the style of ”Herman, Brown & Co.“ 9.We notify you that Mr.O.Koyama has now left our service, and ahs therefore no authority to collect accounts or take order son our behalf.10.We inform you that Mr.Takai has retired from our firm through bad health, and in future our business will be carried on under the style of Yahata & Co.11.We inform you the tour President, Mr.Bowles, who through poor health, has for some time past ceased to take active part in the management, will retire altogether from business.12.We have the honour to inform you of the retirement from this firm of Mr.H.S.13.It is not without regret that I write to inform you of my retirement from business.14.We advise you that Mr.J.L., who has represented our firm for some time past, is no longer in our employ, and has no authority of act on our behalf in any capacity whatsoever.15.Notice is hereby given that Mr.W.R.L.retires this day by mutual consent, from the firm of H.B.& Co.16.Our Mr.R.S.will retire, and his son, Mr.A.S., will be admitted a partner, with his father's share in capital and profits of the firm.17.I inform you that I have this day retired from the business carried on by Mr.S.K.and myself in partnership at the above address under the style of K.& S.18.I have to announce to you that my friend and partner, Mr.J.K., has made up his mind to retire, and accordingly this business will henceforth be conducted by myself alone, trading under my own name.19.We inform you that, on and after the 30th April, our senior, Mr.J.S., retires from the firm, and that the business will be carried on, as heretofore, by Mr.A.E.and Mr.F.S.under the style of ”E.S.& Co." 20.Owing to my continued poor health, I have been compelled to retire from business, and have accordingly arranged with my old friends, Messrs.--, to take over and carry on the business from the 31st March, 19--.21.We have the honour to inform you that Mr.R.S.this day retires from our firm.22.We inform you that Mr.J.P.has retired from our firm through bad health, and in future our business will be carried on under the style of W.Bros.23.We have the honour to apprise you that our Mr.B.S.retires today from this firm, the new enterprise he has engaged in not allowing him to give us any longer the benefit of his knowledge and experience.24.It is with regret that I have to inform you that the infirmities of age compelling me to take special care of my health, I have decided to retire from business, and to pass in quietness the remainder of my days.25.My age and the weak state of my health having induced me to relinquish the personal management of my business.I thank my esteemed correspondents for the confidence they have afforded me with during so many years, and ask them to extend the same to my two sons K.and A., who ,owing to my delicate health, have at different times carried on this business alone for several months.26.We have to inform you that we have retired from business, and that we have transferred our books, samples, papers, trade marks, and everything connected with our firm, as a going concern, to Messrs.T.& Co.27.H.H.has the honour to announce to his friends, customers and the inhabitants of S.that he is about to retire from the L.D.& Co.which he has successfully conducted for so many years.28.It is with some feeling of regret that we announce our retirement from business at the beginning of the new year.29.We inform you that our senior partner, Mr.E.S.C., who, through poor health, has for some time past ceased to take any active part in the management, will, on the 31st May next, retire altogether from business.30.I regret to inform you that my esteemed partner, Mr.J.W., has, owing to continued bad health, decided to retire, and this business will accordingly be carried on;as from the above date, under the same style by myself alone.31.Hamada has retired from our firm through ill-health.32.Yamada has retired from our firm on his own account.1、我公司合伙人丰田武雄先生，经医生忠告，宜去气候温和地带疗养以期延年益寿，因此决定退出本公司，特此奉告。

2、由于我年事已高，不得不退出本公司业务，决定在故里安度晚年，遗憾之处，诸希鉴原，特此通告。

3、本人年迈，诸事力不从心，为健康原因，非常遗憾地退出具体工作，特此告知。

4、我们决定退出业务，有关我公司一切业务，均转由本公司负责。

5、自5月30日起，我方股东有所更迭。本公司叶山矢一先生将退出，公司易名为山尾、尾崎公司，由其它股东继续营业。特此函告。

6、兹告知从即日起，我退出后藤公司的合伙人地位。

7、合伙人村井先生已决定退出，今后本公司业务将以我的名义独自经营，特此声明。

8、自2月1日起，合伙人RS约翰先生退出我公司，今后公司业务将由赫尔曼和布朗先生负责。名称改为赫尔曼·布朗公司，特此奉告。

9、小山音造先生已脱离我公司，今后他无权以我公司名义收款或接受订货，特此奉告。

10、高井先生因健康原因退出本公司，今后我将以八藩公司名义经营，特此通知。

11、我公司总经理鲍尔斯先生因健康原因久未上班，今决定辞职，特此告知。

12、HS先生已退出本公司，特此奉告。

13、本人不无遗憾地告知您，我已辞职。

14、谨告知：过去曾为我公司代表的JL先生，现已从本公司退出，今后将无权代表我公司进行任何活动。

15、经双方同意WRL先生即日起从HB公司退出，特此周知。

16、RS先生将退休，其子AS先生将成为我公司股东之一并取代其父股权与股息。

17、自今日起，我已退出在上述地址经营的与SK先生合伙的KS公司，谨此告知。

18、我的朋友即合伙人JK先生决定退出，今后公司将用本人名义由本人单独经营，特此奉告。

19、自4月30日起我公司资深股东JS先生将退出本公司，我公司今后以ES公司名义，由AE以及FS先生经营，特此奉告。

20、由于本人长久体弱多病，不得不退出业务，经与老友某某先生协商自19--年3月31日起由其接受我公司业务并继续营业。

21、自今日起RS先生已退出本公司，特此奉告。

22、由于健康不佳，JP先生已从本公司退出。今后业务以W兄弟公司名义进行经营，特此奉告。

23、自今日起，我公司的BS先生已退出。另组织新公司，今后我公司将无法享受其经验与知识。

24、本人遗憾地告知各位，由于年老多病，需要保重身体，因此决定退出业务，颐养天年。

25、由于年龄与健康关系，本人不再主持业务，多年来承诸位客户对鄙人的信赖与照顾不胜感激。今后业务将由我的儿子K和A主持，他们在过去数月里已分别承担了公司业务，希继续予以关照为荷。

26、兹通知我们已停止营业，凡我公司的帐簿、样品、纸张与商标等已全部让与现在营业中的T公司。

27、HJ将退出他从事多年卓有成绩的LD公司，兹特周知其朋友、顾客及S市居民。

28、我们不无遗憾地宣布，从下年度开始将退出业务。

29、因健康原因，我公司资深股东ESC已久未上班，他决定从5月31日正式退出业务。30、我的合伙人JW先生由于久病不愈，决定退出本公司业务，自上列日期开始，由我本人以同一公司名义负责经营。

31、滨田已因病退出本公司。

32、山田因个人原因，已脱离本公司。

邀请与答复

Invitation and Reply

Dear Mr./ Ms, We should like to invite your Corporation to attend the 2000 International Fair which will be held from August 29 to September 4 at the above address.Full details on the Fair will be sent in a week.We look forward to hearing from you soon, and hope that you will be able to attend.Yours faithfully 尊敬的先生/小姐，在上述地址，我们想请贵公司参加于八月二十九日到九月四日举办的2000国际商品交易会，关于交易会的详情我们一周内将寄给你。希望不久能收到你的来信，并能来参加。您诚挚的 肯定答复 Dear Mr./ Ms, Thank you for your letter of June 28 inviting our corporation to participate in the 2000 International Fair.We are very pleased to accept and will plan to display our electrical appliances as we did in previous years.Mr.Li will be in your city from July 2 to 7 to make specific arrangements and would very much appreciate your assistance.Yours faithfully 尊敬的先生/小姐，感谢六月二十八日来信邀请我们公司参加2000国际商品交易会。我们乐于参加并计划展示我们前几年生产的电子设备。李先生将于七月二日至七日去你市做具体安排，非常感谢你的协助。你诚挚的 否定的答复 Dear Mr./ Ms, Thank you very much for your invitation to attend the 2000 International Fair.As we are going to open a repair shop in your city at that time, we are sorry that we shall not be able to come.We hope to see you on some future occasion.Yours faithfully 尊敬的先生/小姐，非常感谢您邀请我们参加2000国际商品交易会。由于我们将于同一时间到你市新开一家维修店，非常抱歉我们不能前去。希望以后在某些场合见到您。您诚挚的

提示 Attention

Attention Dear Mr./ Ms, On 14 November I submitted a bill for services rendered to your office at the Lille International Exposition.More than a month has now elapsed without payment or acknowledgment of my bill.Please check this oversight,and remit payment at your earliest convenience.I look forward to future services to your corporation.Thank you for your prompt attention to this matter.Yours faithfully 提示

尊敬的先生/小姐，十一月十四日我向你办公室在Lille国际博览会上提供的服务提交了帐单。一个月过去了你既没有付款也没有认可帐单。请检查这一疏忽并在最方便的时候付款。期望以后还为你公司服务。

谢谢您能对此事尽快重视起来。你诚挚的建立业务联系的传真

Foreign Economic Relations & Trade Committee of What City Address: 地址略

Tel: 电话号码略

Fax: 传真号码略

T Ms Jaana Pekkala, Consultant for China Swiss Organization for Facilitating Investments Fax: +41-1-249 31 33 Total pages of this fax: 2 Dear Ms Jaana Pekkala，We understand from The Swiss Business Guide for China that your organization is helping Swiss firms in seeking opportunities of investing in China and business cooperating with Chinese partners.To establish business relations with your organization and attract Swiss companies' investment here in What, We write to introduce our city, the city of What, as one of the open cities in Liaoning Province, China and also ourselves, Foreign Economic Relations & Trade Committee of What, as a What government initiative to facilitate business relationship with foreign companies.Our committee provides advice and assistance to What firms seeking to export their services, goods to foreign areas and import goods and services abroad.We also assist Whatfirms in establishment of joint ventures and carry the procedures for examination and approval of joint ventures and foreign sole investment firms.Our Committee can provide What companies with information on the world market and specific commercial opportunities as well as organize trade missions, seminars and business briefings.Our committee facilitates and encourages investment from other countries into targeted sectors of What economy and maintains active promotion of What through its network of contacts in domestic and abroad areas.Nowadays, we are seeking foreign investment in the field of capital construction, such as improving of tap water system and highway construction.Also, we are setting up a tannery zone in Tong'erpu, the largest leather clothes producing and wholesaling base in North China.We invite Swiss companies with most favorable polices to set up their firms in any form on tanning, leather processing and sewage treatment.Any information on investment projects into What and on business cooperation with firms in What is highly appreciated and will be pass on to anyone who have approached us with interest in similar project.You are also invited to our city for investigation and business tour.Should you have any questions, please fell free to contact us.Thank you for your attention and looking forward to your prompt reply.Sincerely yours, Qiming Di Commercial Assistant For Foreign Economic Relations & Trade Committee of What City

介绍信

Letters of Introduction

Letters of Introduction Dear Mr./ Ms.，This is to introduce Mr.Frank Jones, our new marketing specialist who will be in London from April 5 to mid April on business.We shall appreciate any help you can give Mr.Jones and will always be happy to reciprocate.Yours faithfully 介绍信

尊敬的先生/小姐，现向您推荐我们的市场专家弗兰克·琼斯先生。他将因公务在四月15日到四月中旬期间停留伦敦。我们将非常感谢您向琼斯先生提供的任何帮助，并非常高兴施以回报。您诚挚的咨询 Consultation

Consultation Dear Mr./ Ms，We are much concerned that your sales in recent months have fallen considerably.At first we thought this might be due to a slack market, but on looking into the matter more closely, we find that the general trend of trade during this period has been upwards.It is possible that you are facing difficulties of which we are not aware.If so, we would like to know what we can do to help.We, therefore, look forward to receiving.from you a detailed report on the situation and suggestions as to how we may help in restoring our sales to their former level.Yours faithfully 咨询

尊敬的先生/小姐：

我们非常关心你方销售近几个月大幅度下降。开始我们以为是市场疲软，但仔细研究问题，我们发现过去这段时间贸易的总趋势是上升的。有可能你方面临我方还不知道的困难，如是这样，我方想知道是否能帮助什么。我们期望收到关于问题的详细报告，及建议我们怎样帮助才能把销售恢复到原来的水平。您诚挚的约定 Appointments

Appointments Dear Mr./ Ms.，Mr.John Green, our General Manager, will be in Paris from June 2 to 7 and would like to come and see you, say, on June 3 at 2.00 p.m.about the opening of a sample room there.Please let us know if the time is convenient for you.If not, what time you would suggest.Yours faithfully 约定

尊敬的先生/小姐，我们的总经理约翰格林将于六月2日到7日在巴黎，有关在那开样品房的事宜，他会于六月3日下午2：00点拜访您。

请告知这个时间对您是否方便。如不方便，请建议具体时间。您诚挚的

第二篇：常见商务邀请函写作范例

Dear sir/madam:

Thank you for your letter of.I’m glad that you are also going to next month.It would be a great pleasure to meet you at the.Our company is having a reception at on the evening of and I would be very pleased if you could attend.I look forward to hearing from you soon.Yours sincerely,更多内容

xiexiebang.com范文网【www.xiexiebang.com】

第三篇：实用文体写作

《实用文体写作》期末复习应考指南 2009年11月04日 zxl

《实用文体写作》期末复习应考指南

本文作者： zj 文章出处：

发布日期： 2008年6月10日

《实用文体写作》期末复习应考指南

第一部分 复习应考基本要求

1.考核目的

“实用文体写作” 是中央电大现代文员专科开设的一门基础必修课程.实用性强,适用面广,是本门课程的特点.通过本次考试,了解学生对本课程基本内容和重,难点的掌握程度,以及运用实用文体写作相关的基本理论,基础知识和基本方法来分析和解决实际问题的能力和运用相关理论阅读文章与分析文章的能力.2.考核方式

本课程期末考试考题由中央电大出题并且以闭卷的方式进行,考试时间为08年1月11日16:30-19:00,整整两个半小时的答题时间,所以时间是相当充裕的,希望大家认真仔细地完成所有试题,不要留空白!3.适用范围,教材

本课程期末复习指导适用范围为开放教育专科现代文员专业的必修课.本课程考试命题依据的教材是由主编:霍唤民,副主编:任鹰,中央广播电视大学出版社出版2002年1月第1版《应用写作》教材.配套教材是任鹰编著的《应用写作学习指导书》,由中央广播电视大学出版社2002年1月第1版出版.4.命题依据

本课程的命题依据是实用文体写作课程的教学大纲,教材,实施意见.5.考试要求

考试主要是考核学生本课程的基本知识的理解和应用能力两个方面.在能力层次上,从了解,掌握,重点掌握3个角度来要求.本课程的考试重点包括基本知识和应用能力两个方面,主要考核学生对实用文体写作的基本理论,基础知识的理解和分析写作文章能力.5.考题类型及比重

考题类型及分数比重大致为:填空题(20%);名词解释题(10%);简答题(20%);文章分析题(20%);给材料作文30%.6.应试要注意的问题

(1)大家在做题的时候一定要注意审题,这是非常关键的,从平时作业的完成情况来看,有部分同学在做平时作业时根本没审题,这样的做题态度是很不好的,希望大家一定要注意审题.(2)一定要每题都答,再次强调不能留空白,因为文字学科即使一时没答得准确,但是答了总比不答好一些.(3)分析题所涉及的文种通常是:计划,总结,调查报告,学术论文,大家在复习时重点练习对这几种文章的评析.(4)《文秘管理与应用写作》考试试题量较大,共5种题型,其中难点就是后面的写作和分析,其实大家可以先易后难,自己分配好时间,不要在考场上手忙脚乱.注意:考试时大家可能特别畏惧文章的分析和给材料作文,其实不然,这两个题实际上是送分的题!只要大家根据我后面的步骤和方法一步一步地做,就会觉得很简单,所以在考试的时候大家千万不要有畏难情绪,那样对考试是非常不利的,摆好心态,而且时间是充裕的,相信大家一定会取得好成绩的.第二部分 复习应考资料及其使用

本次考试有下列四种资料,可供大家复习应考时使用.(一)平时作业

平时作业与考试题型和要求基本上是一样的,根据过去考试的情况看也有重复,有些作业题其实就是考试题,所以一定要认真用好.平时作业老师均作过评讲,请按老师平时所评讲的要求掌握.(二)自检自测题

自检自测题是每期期末考试前市电大都要挂在网上或下发的.本期市电大下发了两套自测题,这两套题一个是对平时练习的补充,同时也是对考试内容的补充和强调,一定要引起注意.(三)复习小册子(重要)(四)由我为大家提供的复习参考题及答案,这些我已经是挂在网上的了,希望大家平时能抽空看看.注意:我们的复习小册子和根据历年试题编排的模拟题中的题型以及题量都是相当充分的复习资料,希望大家好好利用.同时我建议大家最好把复习小册子填空题后面的答案先过到前面,把名词解释和简答题的页码标注出来,最好是写两个关键词.第三部分 期末复习重点范围

第一编 行政文体

第一章 行政机关公文 一,重点名词

公文p11 上行文p15 下行文p15平行文p15 公文主题词p23 发文字号p18

二,重点掌握

1.公文的分类.P15 2.公文的构成要素.P17-24 3.公文写作的基本要求.P25 4.请示的主要用途,种类及其一般写法.P66 5.通知的主要用途,种类及其一般写法(主要指标题和正文的写法).P40-43 6.函的主要种类及其一般写法.P74-77

第二章 事务文书 一,重点名词

简报p89 调查报告p97 计划p105 总结p108 规章制度p118 章程p119

二,重点掌握

1.简报的一般写法及编写要求.P90 2.调查报告的一般写法.P98 3.计划的一般写法及写作要求.P106-108 4.总结的一般写法.P109 5.写总结应注意的几个问题.P114-115(注:重点文种:计划,总结,调查报告,简报.掌握写法及写作要求,运用写作的要求评析以上几种文种)第二编 财经文体 第一章 经济新闻

一,重点名词 经济新闻p137 二,重点问题

经济新闻的结构及写作要求.P140-144 第二章 产品说明书 重点名词 产品说明书p150

第三章 广 告

一,重点名词:广告p158 二,重点掌握:广告的写法及写作要求p165 第四章 经济活动分析报告

一,重点名词:经济活动分析报告p167 二,重点掌握

1.经济活动分析报告的结构和内容.p172-174 2.经济活动分析报告的写作要求.p178-179 第五章 市场预测报告

一,重点名词:市场预测报告p185 二,重点掌握

1.市场预测报告结构和内容.P189 2.市场预测报告的写作要求.P194 第六章 可行性研究报告

一,重点名词:可行性研究报告p196 二,重点掌握

1.可行性研究报告结构和内容p198-199 2.可行性研究报告的写作要求p203-204 第七章 招标投标文书 重点名词

招标书p206 投标书p206 第八章 合 同 一,重点名词:合同p224 二,重点掌握

1.合同的结构和内容p228-232 2.合同的写作注意事项p241 第三编 法律事务文体 第一章 民事法律事务文书

一,重点名词 民事法律事务文书p245 民事起诉状p245 民事答辩状p253 民事上诉状p250 第二章 刑事法律事务文书 重点名词: 刑事上诉状p262刑事答辩状p265刑事申诉书p268 第三章 行政诉讼法律文书 重点名词:行政诉讼法律文书p272

第四编 科研文体 第一章 学术论文 一,重点名词 学术论文p283 二,重点掌握

1.学术论文的基本特征.P284 2.选题的原则.P288 3.选取论文写作材料的原则和标准.P301 4.论文的基本结构程序.P302 5.论文的构段要求和方法p309-311(注:重点是学术论文的特点,选题的原则,论文的结构,构段的要求等.要求从以上几个角度评析学术论文)第二章 学术情报 一,重点名词

学术情报p327 文摘p328 提要p330 综述p333 述评p341 第四部分 综合练习题

综合练习题是每期期末考试前,由市电大挂在网上或下发的资料.本期市电大下发的综合练习题如下,这是对平时练习的补充,同时也是对考试内容的补充和强调,一定要引起注意.下面对这套综合练习题进行分析指导如下: 一,填空

1.__主旨_____,_材料_,__结构_和_语言_是一切文章的构成要素.2.国务院2000年8日24日发布的《国家行政机关公文处理办法》共列出____13___类公文.3.公文主要具有以下特点:(1)_____法定性_____;(2)_____政策性______;(3)___实用性_____;(4)___时效性_____;(5)____规范性_____.4.公文的发文字号是由____发文机关代字____,____年份___和__序号____三个要素构成的.5.从不同的角度,依照不同的标准,可对公文进行不同的分类,按照行文关系和行文方向的不同,可将公文分为___上行文___,__下行文___和__平行文____三种.6.紧急公文可分为____特急______和_____急件_____两类.7.命令主要包括____发布令______,____行政令______和_____嘉奖令_____等几种.8.人们一般习惯于把一份公文划分为三大块,即___眉首__部分,___主体____部分和__版记___部分.9.在一份比较复杂的公文中,正文一般包括____开头____,___主体____,___结尾___三个部分.10.公文正义的开头方式有许多种,常见的有:(l)___目的_____式;(2)____根据____式;(3)____缘由_____式.11.对重要事项或者重大行动作出安排,奖惩有关单位及人员,变更或者撤销下级机关不适当的决定事项.可用___决定_____ 12.向上级机关汇报工作,反映情况,答复上级机关的询问,要用__报告___.13.报告与请示的区别主要体现为(1)___具体功用__不同;(2)_内容含量_____不同;(3)_____行文时机_____不同.14.____发文机关名称_____,____发文事由___ 和_____公文种类___ 是构成公文标题的三个基本要素.15.向国内外宣布重要事项或者法定事项,要用___公告______,公布社会各有关方面应当遵守或者周知的事项要用____通告______.16.表彰先进,批评错误,传达重要精神或者情况, 要用___通报______.17.各级人民政府按照法律程序问同级人民代表大会或人民代表大会常务委员会提请审议事项,可用_____议案_____.18.请求上级机关对某项工作给予指示或批准要用___请示____.19.通报的特点主要体现为(1)_____严肃_____性;(2)___教育性_______;(3)____典型性______;(4)_____时间性_____.20.不相隶属机关之间相互商治工作,询问和答复问题,请求批准和答复审批事项,要用____函____.21.答复下级机关的请示事项要用_____批复______.22.对重要问题提出见解和处理办法要用___意见______.23.按其内容和功用的不同,可将常见的会议纪要分为三类:(1)___指示____性会议纪要;(2)____通报___性会议纪要;(3)____消息_____性会议纪要

24.会议纪要应该具有两大特点:一是 ___纪实性____;二是__提要性____.25.机关编发的简报,大都是由___报头____,___正文____,___报尾__三个部分组成的.26.计划的种类很多,而且从不同的角度可以对其进行不同的分类,比如,按其性质的不同,可将计划分为两大类,即____综合______性计划和___专题_____性计划;按其形式的不同划分,有_____条文_____式计划,____表格_____式计划,条文和表格配合使用的计划,大单位的计划或时限较长的计划,往往以文件的形式制订.27.计划通常是由___标题_____,____正文_____和_____落款_____几个部分构成的.28.从不同的角度,可将总结划分为不同的类别,比较常用的分类方法是按其性质和内容的不同,将总结分为_____综合____性总结和_____专题______性总结两类.29.总结通常是___标题____,___正文____ 和___落款_____ 三部分组成.30.调查报告的特点主要体现为___真实性____,___针对性__,___典型性___.31.常见的规章制度主要有以下几种:(1)__章程__;(2)__条例__(3)__规定__(4)__办法____.32.述职报告通常是由标题,__署名__和__正文__几个部分构成的.33.经济消息一般由标题,___导语__,___主体__,___结尾 , 背景材料 _五个部分组成.34.经济消息的作用主要体现在___舆论宣传______,____信息传播_____,___经济流通__几个方面.35.按其内容的不同,可将经济消息分为以下几类:(1)经济__动态___消息:(2)经济___综合____消息;(3)经济___典型_____消息;(4)经济____述评_____消息.36.消息的三行标题是由____引题_____,____主标题____,____副标题______组合而成的标题.37.消息的开头部分通常被称作___导语______.38.产品说明书的特点主要体现为:(1)内容的____科学____性;(2)表述的___通俗性__;(3)层次的___条理____性.39.撰写产品说明书,必须注意以下两点:(l)要有___责任__意识;(2)要有__大众___意识.40.按其内容的不问,可将广告标题分为__直接__标题和__间接_标题.41.文字广告通常包括标题,__正文__,___广告语_____,附文四个部分.42.经济活动分析报告的特点:(1)____科学性___;(2)__及时性__;(3)__指导性__.43.经济活动分析报告的正文大体上包括__基本情况__,__评估分析__,__意见_及___建议__几个部分.44.常用的预测方法主要有两大类.(1)__定性__预测法;(2)__定量分析_预测法.45.可行性研究报告的特点主要体现为:(1)高度的___科学_____性;(2)严密的__综合__性;(3)学科的___多样______性.46.招标,投标文书的特点:(1)__竞争性___;(2)__公开性__;(3)__简明性___.47.可行性研究报告一般是由____标题_____,____正文____,____附件_____几个部分构成的.48.招标书一般是由___标题_____,____正文____,____落款_____三个部分组成的.49.合同应有以下几个主要特点:(1)__合法性__;(2)___合意性___;(3)__平等性__;(4)诚信性;(5)___规范性________.50.民事起诉状通常由____首部_____,____正文_____和_____尾部_____组成.51.行政起诉状的正文是由诉讼请求,___事实与理由___,__证据___等组成.52.学术论文的基本特征:(1)___ 独创性____;(2)___科学性______;(3)_理论性__.53.学术论文的正文一般包括三个部分:(1)____绪论___;(2)___本论___;(3)__结论_.54.获取论文写作资料的基本途径有(1)__观察____(2)___实验____(3)___调查___(4)利用图书情报机构.55.属于三次文献的有____述评____,__综述_评论和书评.56.文摘所包含的内容通常有(1)___目的___;(2)___方法____;(3)___结果___;(4)结论;(5)____其它具有情报价值的信息____.57.常用的综述有三种:(1)__会议__综述;(2)___讨论____综述;(3)____研究___综述.58.文摘主要有三种类型:(1)___指示__性文摘;(2)___报道___性文摘;(3)_____报道,指示___性文摘.59.一份完整正规的写作提纲,应当由___标题___,__观点句___和___内容纲要___等几个项目构成.60.论文的标题必须符合以下要求:(1)____确切_____;(2)___具体___;(3)____醒目_.二,名词解释

1.上行文P15 2.平行文P15 3.下行文P15 4.主题词P23 5.发文字号P18 6.简 报P89 7.调查报告P97 8.工作计划P105 9.工作总结P108 10.规章制度P118 11.章程P119 12.条例P121 13.述职报告P131 14.经济消息P137 15.广 告P159 16.经济活动分析报告P167 17.市场预测报告P185 18.合 同P224 19.招标文书P06 20.投标文书P206 21.行政诉讼法律文书P272 22.民事上诉状P250 23.市场预测报告P185 24.文 摘P328 25.学术情报P327 三,简答题

1.简述实用型文章的基本特征.P2-5 4点 2.简述公文写作的基本要求.P25 3点 3.简述制定计划的要求.P108 4点

4.简述调查报告的写作要求.P104 3点 5.撰写工作总结的注意事项.P114-115 4点

6.简述编写简报的要求.P96-97 4点 7.简述事务文书的特点.P88 4点 8.简述广告的写作要求.P165 5点 9.简述合同的写作要求.P241-242 5点

10.简述学术论文构段的要求.P309-310 4点

11.简述选取论文写作材料的原则和标准P301 原则2点,标准4点.12.简述可行性研究报告的写作要求.P203-204 3点 四,分析题

(一)运用自己所学过的文体知识,对下面这篇调查报告进行评析 提示: 1.评析应主要着眼于文章的一般写法,要对文章的总体结构和各构的说明,分析 2.既要注意运用所学知识,又要注意结合原文.3.分析要有条理

关于区街企业负担情况的调查报告

为了深人贯彻党中央关于加强宏观调控的指示精神和落实《全民所有制工业企业转换经营机制条例》,按照市委,市政府的统一布署,我们随市调查组对徐州市云龙区,鼓楼区,贾汪区,郊区和矿区就当前企业的负担状况进行了调查,基本摸清了当前企业在生产经营中各种负担的典型事例和主要表现.从被调查单位的反映看,当前企业的负担名目繁多,包袱沉重,叫苦不迭,已经到了非解决不可的时候了!从调查中我们也强烈地感受到,企业的负担不减轻,企业改革就难以深化,转换企业经营机制的《条例》也就难以真正落实.一,区街企业负担的主要表现

区街企业的负担可以用“重,高,杂,多,变”五个字业概括.1.重,即税金和各种基金负担越来越重.据对被调查的5区91家企业统计,1998年上交各税为1331.74万元,平均每户负担14.67万元;1993年上半年为875.03万元,平均每户为9.62万元.各种基金主要有国家规定征收的能源交通重点建设基金,预算调节基金2种;省政府及省人关部门规定征收的粮食风险基金,市场物价调节基金,防洪保安基金,地方重点交通建设基金,人防建设基金,农业重点开发基金6种;市政府及市有关部门规定征收的副食品发展基金,平衡地方预算资金电力建筑基金,城乡道路建设基金种,以上合计12种.5区91家企业1992年上交各种基金326.08万元,平均每户负负担为3.58万元;1997年上半年为164.48万元,平均每户负担1.81万元.调查中普遍反映,除税收以外企业负担的各种基金名目多且数额大,难以承受,并巳严重影响了企业的生产积极性和发展后劲.2.高,即产品成本和各类费用高.由于原材料价格上涨,各类政策性补贴增加及银行贷款利率提高等增本因素,企业难以全部消化,因而利润水平下降.以徐州矿山设备制造二厂为例,该厂生产所需的主要原材料钢材1997年价格为每吨平均2750元,而98年上半年就飞涨至每吨平均4700元,每吨涨价1950元,按全年所需钢材1800吨计算,仅此一项全年要增本357万元.此外,工资和各类补贴支出及上交基金都有较大幅度增加.但是,产品提价幅度不可能达到原材料上涨和各类费用增长的幅度,因此,对于一个中等规模的集体企业来讲,上述负担显然是难以承受的.3.杂,即各种收费,摊派,罚款名目繁多,内容庞杂.据被调查的企业反映,目前通常发生的各类收费主要有绿化费,环保费,排污费,污水处理费,验证费,职称评定费,培训费,表彰费,咨询费,保险费,登记费,消防费,检验费,质检费,路建设费,验资费,审计费,义务兵优待费,执照变更费,参赛费,参展费,管理费,协会会费,照年检费,证照工本费,垃圾管理费,养路费,报表费,禁区通行费,货物附加费,警民共建费,鉴定费等 40多种.以上尚不包括与基本建设有关的34种收费.各种摊派主要有展览费,花展费,校庆费,助残日赞助费和其他节日赞助费,报刊杂志订阅费,出书赞助费,会议赞助费,过节费,出国赞助费,装修费,宣传赞助费,拥军优属赞助费,硬性推销物品购买费等近20种.各种罚款主要有汽车违章罚款,排污罚款,质检计量罚款卫生罚款滞纳金罚款,违控罚款,防疫罚款等.其他负担主要有各种招待费,应付各种检查会议的支出和礼品费,富余人员增支和借款等.据对5区91家企业的不完全调查统计,1997年共支付各种收费333.35万元,摊派 25.60万元,罚款13.98万元,其他负担191.70万元,合计为564.63万元,平均每户负担为6.21万元;1993年上半年共支付各种费用419.67万元,平均每户负担为4.61万元.在上述各种收费,摊派,罚款中,有相当一部分是政府职能部门依照有关规定,为实施对社会事业和经济发展行使行政或行业管理而收取的,企业普遍反映收费标准太高,民时存在着少数部门扩大收取范围,提高收取标准的现象.此外也有政府领导为解决某一问题,而向企业集资或发起赞助等情况,然而最令人反感的是少数执法部门和个人常以执法检查为名或暗示或公开地向企业摊派,有的几近于敲诈勒索.4.多,本区街企业退休职工多,老弱病残职工多,吸收的社会闲杂人员多.所谓退休职工多,这里不仅指区街企业中退休职工的人数多,还包含退休职工占在职职工的比例高.如;云龙区所属的饮食公司在职职工与退休职工之比为 1:6:1.副食品公司为1:4:1,金属制品厂在职职工178人,而退休工人在200人以上,由此而来的是区街企业需要的退休职工费用包括医疗费)太多,负担太重.按有关部门规定,退休职工的月工资低限为192.5元,但对在职职工的最低工资却没有规定.这样一来.在相当一部分区街企业中退休职工就高于在职职工的月工资收入水平.这里不仅仅有企业负担重的问题,还有在职职工心里不平衡问题,从而在一定程度上挫伤了在职职工的生产积极性.业人员也较多,这部分人生活无保障,已成为潜在的不安定因素.5.变.即变相地侵占企业的合法权益.例如,一用电管理部门以用电增为名,要求一家水泥厂于1997年初交用电保证金20万元,交用电增容量84万元,长期未办理用电增容仅此一项企业就将损失5万元以上.在调查中,企业领导们反映,除了财务上要承受上述各种负担外,企业还要负责职工的衣食住行,生老病死以及子女就学就业就业;还要负担企业所在地及其职工宿舍所在地的各项社会管理责任及社会服务设施建设,再加上难以摆脱的“关系网”,摆脱不了的“会海”挡不住的“三乱”等,都沉重地压在企业的身上.这种负担是无形的,但对企业的影响却是不能低估的.二,“三乱带来严重后果” 当前企业生产经营中所承受的各种负担,有的是按国家法律规定所必须承担的,但也确有少数部门和单位在执行公务中乱收费,乱集资,乱罚款,给企业带来了不应有沉重负担.并有严重的后果.具体表现在: 1.直接影响企业经济效益,严重挫伤企业职工的生产积极性.2.影响国家财政收人,削弱企业发展后劲.企业支付“三乱”的资金,如果从税前成本列支,则利润减少,国家征收的所得税就减少;如从税后留利中列支,则减少了企业的自有资金,影响了企业技术改造和扩大再生产,企业自我积累减少,处我发展能力必然减弱.3.干扰企业正常的生产经营活动.建立社会主义市场经济新体制的关键在于增强企业活力.“三乱”不制止,企业负担过重,步履艰难,无法适应激烈的市场竞争,久而久之,就会吞食国民经济的基础,动摇工业企业在国民经济中的主导地位,有碍经济体制改革的顺利进行.4.不利于政府及其职能部门转变职能,树立“公仆”意识,也助长拜金主义,败坏社会风气.三,企业负担过重的主要原因

通过调查,我们认为企业负担过重的原因是复杂的,有体制的原因,也有社会大环境的因素,既有某些行业部门不下之风的原因,又有政府行为不规范的因素,同时还有抵制不力.查处不严等原因.归纳起来主要有以下几个方面.1.政策不明,界线不清,是导致企业负担过重的客观原因.按照中共中央国务院中发(1996)16号文件《关于坚决制止乱收费,乱集资,乱摊派的紧急通知》规定,集资和设立基金的审批权限在国家计委,行政性收费项目的审批权限在财政部和省直辖市一级政府,其它部门和政府均无权审批.但在调查中我们发现,合理收费和正常负担与“三乱”有时很难分清,有些是以“城市建设”智力投资“"政策宣传”“人民XX人民办”为名,让企业赞助作“贡献”的,且多数收费集资项目,都有上级的“红头文件”或领导同志的讲话精神,有的甚至是领导同志出面“分派任务”企业难以区分也不便拒绝.2.政出多门,条块分割利益驱动,管理不善,是企业负担过重的体制原因.条块分割的体制助长了乱收,乱摊的不正之风.从条条来看,政出多门,各种收费过多过乱.另外,目前的管理体制还不够完善,对一些掌握实权的部门缺乏有力的制约和监督,对部门和行业利益缺乏调节和管制,再加上宏观管理滞后,实际上形成了一定程度的“部门所有制”,从而导致“乱收”,“乱罚”,对企业取之过度,加重了企业的负担.3.政府职能转换滞后,行为不规范,是企业负担过重的深层次原因.目前政府在管理职能机构设置和工作作风等方面还不能适应市场经济体制的要求,主要表现是,党政机关机构臃肿人浮于事;职能交叉,推倭扯皮;政企错位,干预不断.国家财力有限,地方财政更是捉襟见肘,机关经费不足,开展各项活动时向企业伸手.4.不正之风和社会上的某些腐败现象,是促使企业负担加重的重要原因.这些年来出现一些反常现象,企业上项目,也得请客送礼;一些正常的社会活动,也要企业赞助;本不是部门的本职工作,却也要搞“有偿服务”等等,这些不正之风,无一不加重企业的负担.5.监督制约机制弱化,综合治理不力也是导致企业负担过重的重要原因.存在的主要问题,一是原有的文件规定过于原则,缺乏具体措施,尤其缺乏定量的内容,标准和监督,奖惩办法,有的虽有,但上下限幅度大,不便操作;二是一些重点部门和单位整顿治理不力,有的甚至走过场,在新的形势下,这些部门和单位的行业不正之风又以新的形势滋生和发展,特别在“乱收费”上,比以往更为严重;三是约束监督机制偏软,查处不严,甚至出现对“三乱”说起来恨,查起来保的情况.致使“三乱”之风蔓延,企业最终受害.四,减轻企业负担的对策和措施

1.认真学习,宣传和落实《工业企业法》和《转换经营机制条例》,把赋予企业的各项权利真正落在实处.《企业法》和《条例》是深化企业改革,发展社会主义市场经济的重要行为准则和法律保障.只要企业经营机制转换了,《条例》落实了,企业的合法权益才有保障.宣传部门和新闻舆论部门要加大这方面的宣传力度,形成一个厂长,经理敢干维护企业自主权,各部门,各单位支持,尊重企业法人地位的社会环境.2.全面加强企业负担问题的清理控管,严格申报审批制度.实减轻企业负担,必须加强统一管理和制约机制.一是认真贯彻中央和省的在关文件规定和精神,凡中央,国务院和省委,省政府明令取消的收费,集资项目,应立即取消;二是自上而下,逐级清理涉及向企业收费的一系列文件规定,该废除的立即废除,该修改的及时修改,该取消的坚决取消.同时建立健全收费,罚款,集资的财务和票证管理制度.对罚款就全部上交财政,对收费,集资形成的预算外资金要实行收支两条线.纳入财政“专户储存”管理;三是加强检查监督和申报审批,凡涉及对企业学习,培训,发证,检查内容的由经委负责把关;凡涉及对企业收费,集资内容的由财政,物价部门负责把关.3.以纠正行业不正之风为突破口,认真抓好治理“三乱”的工作.一是加强干部和职工的廉政教育和职业道德教育,强化为企业服务的意识,提高班干部职工的政治素质和业务水平;二是对对企业反映强烈并具有垄断性的行业进行重点整顿,逐步树立良好的行业风气;三是严格执法监督,坚持依法办事,对那些有令不行,有禁不止,知法犯法的,要依法加重处罚.4.加强经济立法和检查,监督,监察工作.首先要立法,应结合各地的实际情况,制定相应的地方法规,把政府部门和企业纳入规范化法制化的轨道.其次要加强外部监督,公开政务活动.要发挥新闻宣传舆论监督的作用,形成监督网络,发挥整体监督的的效力.第三要进一步强化法律监督机关和行政监督机关的职能,严格执法,对那些有法不依,以言代法甚至以权谋私,贪赃枉法的典型应予严肃查处.5.进一步转换政府职能,规范政府行为;一是要进一步理顺产权关系,坚持政企分开,使企业不再是政府的附属物,成为自主经营自负盈亏自我发展和自我约束的商品生产者和经营者.政府要转换职能,管好宏观,放开微观,健全宏观调控体系努力为企业创造良好的政策环境,经济环境市场环境和营运投资环境.二是要精减机构,消减冗员.对机构重叠,职能交叉的部门要坚决取消.要认真清理行政事业单位兴办的各种实体,其职能,人员,财务要与原机关脱钩.三是进一步规范政府的行为,办好事,搞建设,要量力而行,不能轻意或随意向企业集资或摊派.领导机关和领导干部要带头从自身做起,对涉及本部门而群众又反映强烈的问题要取于一抓到底.6.对区街企业的发展要制定出切实可行的扶持政策.城区的各项事业发展都与广大群众的生活息息相关,城区企业生产自救性强,困难多,负担重,既不同于国营大中型企业,又有别于乡镇企业,在“夹缝”中求生存,对维护社会安定有着其它企业不可替代的作用,因此,发展区街企业经济对于做好城市的社会和经济工作有着特别重要的意义,为此,建议市政府责成有关部门尽快专门制定出发展区街企业的各项优惠政策,以得城区经济的发展.解答题示:做这类题需要对文章的总体结构和各构成要素作简要的说明,分析,具体可参阅教材的分析说明,下面就这篇调查报告示范分析如下: 这是一篇关于徐州市几个区街企业的负担情况的调查报告.该文的标题标明了调查对象,调查的问题和文章种类,比较完整,规范.正文的第一自然段写明了调查的目的,对象,地点,范围等内容,这是对基本情况的介绍;主体部分全面,系统地报告情况,反映问题.首先客观描述了区街企业负担的主要表现及其严重后果,然后分析了企业负担过重的原因,最后提出了减轻企业负担的对策和措施.其中既有事实的客观描述,也有问题的明确及原因分析,最后是解决问题的措施.材料翔实,内容具体,对问题的分析较深入,对问题的解决也提出了切实可行的措施.在主体部分中,作者采用分层立项的写法,并以序码加小标题的形式概括各部分内容要点,层次清楚,表意明确.整篇调查报告由现状的描述到问题的明确及原因的探寻,再由原因的探寻到对策的提出,一环紧扣一环,层层推进,衔接紧密.另外,分析题可能涉及的文种还有计划,总结,学术论文,请大家根据这种题型的解题思路,同时参阅教材P108,P114,着重练习对以上几种文章的分析!五,给材料作文

可侧重于在通知(转发型通知),请示,函(复函)等几种文种中练习写作.下面就这几种文种的写作格式和要求作一个简单说明.撰写转发型通知,有这么几个要素应该注意:一是要在标题中写明转发单位的名称加上“转发”二字,然后引用原通知的标题,最后再写上通知.二是在正文部分要写清“现将《╳╳╳通知》转发给你们,……请认真贯彻执行”.这是转发型通知的规范性写法.最后部分可根据本地的实际,提一些要求等.具体例文可参看教材(42页).请示的写作应注意:标题要有发文机关,事由,文种,正文中请示的缘由要具体,还应做到一文一事.具体例文(教材62)如是写复函,首先引述对方来文的标题和文号,然后表明态度,并以“现函复如下”这一惯用的过渡性语句领起下文.主体部分写明答复事项,结束语常用“特此函复”,“此复”之类语言.具体例文可参看教材(76页).1.根据下面这份请示的内容,起草一份答复此请示的批复.写作要求:内容明确,中心突出;格式正确,写法要规范(可只写标题,主送机关,正文,发文机关和发文时间几个项目);语言要准确,简明,得体,书写要清楚.×× 市人民政府关于解决水利建设资金的请示 ×× 省人民政府: 我市是一个以农业为主的山区市,自然条件较差,农业生产仍是以“靠天吃饭”为主.近年来在省政府及省级有关部门的大力支持下,全市水利设施得到较大改善,“八五”期间,全市累计新建,整治中型水库3座,小型水利工程47座,微型水利工程2万余个(处).但由于历史原因和自然条件的限制,水利设施基础差,病害工程多.截止1995年底,全市仅有小型以上骨干工程60余座,其中中型水库仅6座,在4县3区中尚有4个县(区)没有中型水利工程,其中2个县(区)甚至连小型水利工程都没有.连续3年的大旱,加之去冬今春冬旱,春旱低温的影响,使全市农业生产面临着十分严峻的形势,4县3区都有返贫的可能.市委,市政府高度重视水利基础设施的建设,在市财力十分有限的情况下,1996年市财政已拨款100万元用于水利建设,但是有限的资金不能有效地改善全市农田水利基础条件,因此特请求省政府帮助解决水利建设资金,以支持我市水利设施建设.一,遵照省委,省政府主要领导在视察时的指示精神,从我市具体情况出发,根据山区特点,以小型水利建设为重点,全市在“九五”期间,计划新建,改建,整治,配套小型水库50座,微型水利工程40万个,实现新增蓄水量5000万立方米,旱涝保收农田20万亩的目标,请求省政府每年解决我市小型水利建设补助资金300万元.二,“九五”期间,新建,改建,整治,配套中型工程3处.其中新建1座蓄水量为1500万立方米的中型水库,整治,配套2座,使我市中型水利工程有效蓄水量达到1亿立方米.为此,请求省政府解决中型水利工程建设资金5000万元.妥否,请批示.××人民政府

××年四月二十六日

2.根据下面这份函的内容,起草一份答复此函的复函.写作要求:内容明确,中心突出;格式正确,写法要规范(可只写标题,主送机关,正文,发文机关和发文时间几个项目);语言要准确,简明,得体,书写要清楚.×× 市商业储运公司关于在库区内修建维修车间的请示

市商业局: 为了适应城市经济体制改革形势发展的需要,进一步搞好我市商业储运工作,按照局领导的指示,计划以我公司仓库区为重点,逐步实现装卸操作机械化.现拟在库区内修建一个维修车间.该项目所需物资指标为:钢材**吨,水泥*吨杉木*立方米,所需费用为人民币**万元.可否按计划修建,请指示.附件:1.“维修车间基建计划表”一份 2.“维修车间设计草图”一份 ××市商业储运公司 ××年×月×日

3.起草一份转发下列通知,要求下级机关做好该通知所布置的工作的通知

写作要求:内容要明确,中心要突出;格式要正确,写法要规范(可只写标题主送机关,发文机关和发文时间几个项目);语言要准确,简明,得体,书写要清楚.国务院关于印发《中国食物结构改革与发展纲要》的通知 各省,自治区,直辖市人民政府,国务院各部委,各直属机构:

现将《中国食物结构改革与发展纲要》印发给你们,请认真研究,并遵照执行.建国以来,我国人民的食物状况发生了深刻变化,目前巳开始进入了一个新的重要发展阶段.及时地制定并施行我国食物结构改革和发展纲要,对于正确引导我国食物结构的调整,促进食物生产和消费的均衡,协调发展,保障国民经济持续,稳步增长,不断提高我国人民的营养水平和整体素质,具有十分重要的指导意义.各级人民政府要高度重视和加强对食物工作的领导,要参照《中国食物结构改革与发展纲要》,结合本地实际情况,相应制定出本地区的食物发展纲要,并逐步组织实施.国务院各有关部门要按照《九十年代中国食物结构改革与发展纲要》提出的各项基本目标和改革措施,积极配合,大力协同,促进和保障我国食物结构改革与发展目标的顺利实现.国务院

××年五月二十七日

4.根据下面这份函的内容,起草一份答复此函的复函: 写作要求:内容要明确,中心要突出;格式要正确,写法要规范(可只写标题主送机关,发文机关和发文时间几个项目);语言要准确,简明,得体,书写要清楚.××省人民政府办公厅关于申请拨款维修 省府机关办公室的函 ××发×字【1995】28号 省财政厅: 省府机关办公室多是五十,六十年代修建的,不少门窗破烂,漏水严重,急需维修.为保证省府机关正常办公,请拨给房屋修缮费十万元.是否同意,即请答复.××省人民政府办公厅

一九九五年×月×日

5.起草一份转发下列通知,要求下级机关做好该通知所布置的工作的通知

写作要求:内容要明确,中心要突出;格式要正确,写法要规范(可只写标题主送机关,发文机关和发文时间几个项目);语言要准确,简明,得体,书写要清楚.关于发布实施《旅游发展规划管理暂行办法》的通知

各省,自治区,直辖市,计划单列市旅游局,新疆生产建设兵团旅游局: 为加强旅游规划管理,充分发挥旅游规划在旅游开发建设方面的指导作用,促进旅游业健康发展,我局制定了《旅游发展规划管理暂行办法》,现下发给你们,请遵照执行.国家旅游局

一九九九年三月二十九日

第四篇：实用文体写作

一、书信

英语书信格式：

1.称呼（salutation）

称呼是写信人对收信人打招呼的用语。从起始行的顶格写起，在称呼后面一般用逗号。2.正文（body）

位置在称呼语下面隔一行，是信的核心部分。和中文信不同的是，正文中一般不用hello 每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些，通常以四五个字母为宜，每段第二行从左面顶格写起。

3.结束语(complimentary close)在正文下面的1---2 行处，从信纸的中间偏右处开始，第一个词开头要大写，句末用句号。不同的对象，结束语的写法也不同。常见的有： ● Best wishes regards ● With my best respects and regards ● Wish you good luck success good health ● Good luck to you

● Give my love regards to… ● Remember me to your family ● Say hello to everybody ● Looking forward to hearing from you 4.签名（signature）

写信人应在低于结束语1----2 行签字，即使是打印的，也应该亲笔签名。常用签名： 用于机关或不太熟悉的人：Yours truly;yours faithfully;Yours sincerely 用于熟人之间： Yours sincerely;very sincerely yours 用于亲属、挚友之间： Yours lovingly;Yours loving father mother;Yours 用于对上级或长辈：Yours respectfully Respectfully yours

常用句型

1.常见私人信件的开头方式

(1)表示高兴

I was so glad pleased happy to receive your letter dated…..很高兴收到你……月….的来信

（2）表示关心与询问

How are you these days? how are you getting on these days? 最近过得怎样 How are you getting on with your work studies? 最近工作、学习怎样？（2）表示抱歉

I am sorry that I have not written to you for such a long time.抱歉这么长时间没给你写信

（4）表示遗憾

I was sorry to hear learn know that…..遗憾获悉您（5）表示感谢

Thank you very much for…..Many thanks for your

Please accept my sincere appreciation for…..请接受我对…….真挚的感谢

2.结束常用语

（1）i am looking forward to hearing from you soon望收到你的来信

（2）Thanks to your effort, we had our most successful-ever多亏了你的帮助，我们才能这么成功

（3）Take good care of you and keep in touch.珍重，保持联系

（4）Please accept my most sincere congratulations!请接受我最真挚的祝福

范文

假设你叫王明，2010年9月15日收到笔友David的来信，得知他不久要到广州来学习中文。他想了解如何学好中文。请你用英文给他回信，内容包括： 1.很高兴收到来信

2.介绍学习中文的体会和方法，提出你的建议 3.表达你想帮助他学好中文的愿望

Dear David，I’m glad you’ll come to Guangzhou to learn Chinese.Chinese is very useful and many foreigners are learning it now.you have to remember as many Chinese words as possible.You can watch TV and listen to the radio to practice your listening.Do your best to talk with people in Chinese.You can learn Chinese not only from books but also from people around you.If you have any questions, please ask me.I’m sure you’ll learn Chinese well.Hope to see you soon in Beijing.Yours，Wang Ming

留言

留言的格式应注意：日期居右，称呼居左，正文缩进两个字节，署名居右。也可以采用全部居左的格式。

常用句型

1.正文开头说明便条中心内容的常用语

（1）I’m sorry that…..（2）At sight of this note, please come to…..一见便条，请立即来。。。

（3）Please come over or ring me up as soon as read this note.请看到便条之后马上过来或者打电话给我

（4）Just a line(call)to tell you that…..刚来电话告诉你……（5）I’m so glad to tell you that……

（6）It would be nice if you could…..如果你能……就太好了

（7）Would you like to come on time….?请按时来……（8）If it is convenient for you….如果你方便…… 2.正文结尾表示感谢或邀请的常用语（1）many thanks多谢

（2）do come, please请务必来

（3）do come, and join us.无比来加入我们

（4）you’ll be warmly welcome to our party 热情欢迎你参加我们的聚会

范文：

假设你是李阳，想邀请几个朋友和玛丽一起聚餐，但去找玛丽时她不在，请你留言邀请她参加。内容要求：

（1）.聚餐的原因

（2）.聚餐的时间和地点

（3）.邀请玛丽参加 Dear Mary, As the spring Festival is drawing near, I’m very glad to invite you to come to a dinner party with several other friends of ours.I’m sure we will have a very happy time and enjoy ourselves thoroughly.Would you like to come on time at 5:00 p.m.today, to Room 6 of Li Jiang Hotel?

Your sincerely，Li Yang

三、请假条

请假条的格式应注意：

（1）写请假条的时间一般位于右上角

（2）称呼写作日期下一行的左上角，一般以“Dear….”开头

（3）正文应简洁明了，只要把请假的理由和请假时间说清楚即可

（4）为说明请假事由的真实的，可在正文后另起一行写上“I enclose a doctor’s

certificate.(我附上医生证明。)等

（5）署名写在右下角，名字上面一行可以写上“yours”, 或 “Your student,” 或

“ Yours sincerely”等

常用句型

1.礼貌提出请假要求

（1）.I’m sorry that I can’t go to school today.非常抱歉今天不能来上学（2）.I am writing to ask for 2 days’ sick leave我想请两天的假

（3）.I’m afraid I can’t come to work school today.恐怕我今天不能上班、上学。（4）.I wonder if I could ask for 2 days’ leave a 2-day leave.我能不能请两天的假 2.说明请假原因

（1）.I have got a bad cold headache runny nose cough.感冒、头疼、流鼻涕、咳嗽（2）, I have a high fever and the doctor asked me to stay in bed and have a good rest.(3).I’m not feeling well(4).I have to ask for a lever because…..范文：

假设你是Tom，昨天因为游泳患了感冒，今天早上觉得头很疼。母亲给我量了体温后发现你在发烧，便嗲你去看医生，医生建议你卧床休息两天，因此你特向老师请假。

Dear Sir，I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t go to school today.I’ve caught a cold because I went swimming yesterday.This morning I had a headache.After taking my temperature, my mother found I had a high fever, so she took me to see a doctor.The doctor advised me to stay in bed for 2 days.Now I am writing to you to ask for 2 days’ sick leave.Your students，Tom

四、书面通知

书面通知格式：

（1）.标题：在正文上面正中的地方写上NOTICE.（2）.正文：包括具体时间、地点、活动内容和注意事项

（3）.单位：发通知的单位一般写在正文右下角。有时也放在标题之上，起强调作用（4）.时间：一般写在右下角单位名称的下方。

常用句型

1.交代活动的内容和时间，常用一般将来时

(1).We’ll have a football match on July 16th.(2).We’re going to have a meeting at 3:30 on Monday afternoon.(3).On July 22, Saturday, we will visit……

(4).Our school The Student Union will is going to hold…..(5).A lecture will be given at 7:00 this evening in……

2.说明活动的要求和注意事项

(1).Please take your notebook with you

(2).We’ll gather at the school gate at eight tomorrow

(3).Please be there on time and don’t be late

(4).everybody is expected required to attend it on time

3.邀请他人参与活动的句型：

(1).If someone is interested in it, please go to……

(2).Everybody is welcome.范文： 内容提要：

一年级3班明天将组织全班同学参观科学博物馆，请用英语起草一份通知，具体包括：（1）集中时间和地点：明早8点在校门口集中

（2）要求：带上笔和笔记本；遵守博物馆的参观要求；下周一没人教一篇参观报告（3）主办单位：一年级3班

（4）通知发布日期：2014年3月9日

NOTICE We are going to visit the Science Museum tomorrow.We will meet at the school gate at eight in the morning.Take your pens and notebooks with you.We should listen and watch carefully and take notes when you visit the museum.Please don’t make any noises in the museum and don’t take any pictures.Each of you will have to hand in a report about the visit next Monday.Class Three, Grade One

March 9th, 2014

五、口头通知

口头通知格式：

（1）.口头通知是面对面的把事情传达给对方，一般不用写落款和日期（2）。在口头通知正文之前，一般要有称呼语和开场白（3）。结尾要给听众结束通知的信号 常用句型：

1.may I have your attention, please? 请大家注意

2.please be quiet!I have an announcement to make.请安静，我有事要宣布 3.I have something(important)to tell you 我有要事要告诉你 4.I’m glad to tell you something important 5.everyone is asked to be there on time 6.be sure not to be late.7.please take your notebook with you and be sure on time 8.that’s all.Thanks for your listening

范文：

为了庆祝圣诞节，学校将于12月24日（圣诞前夜）晚7：30在301室举行英语晚会，请以口头通知的形式告诉有兴趣的同学前来参加。Boys and girls, I’m glad to tell you something important.We are going to hold an English Evening to celebrate Christmas.It will begin at 7:30 on Christmas Eve.I think it will be very interesting!Those who are interested in it can come to Room 301.That’s all, thank you.六、日记

日记格式：

1.英文日记的格式第一行左边写日期，右边写天气状况

2.英文日记中写作时应注意用第一人称“I” 叙述。另外，由于日记中所记叙的事情已经发生，所以整篇日记的时态常用过去式。问候发表感想或评论可用现在时态或者将来时态 3.日记正文要求

日记正文是日记主要部分，写在日期和星期的正下方，可以顶格写，但句首缩进4个字节，日记力求简单明了。

1.日期的写法（略）

2.表示“天气状况”的形容词：

Fine(晴)、sunny（晴）、rainy(雨)、snowy(雪)、windy（多风）、cloudy(多云)、foggy(雾)、stormy(暴风雨)3.明确自己感受的句子

（1）.We had a good time though we were very tired.尽管很累，但我们玩的很开心

（2）.I had quite a happy day today.我今天玩的很开心（3）.I really enjoyed myself today.(4).What a good time we had today.(5).Although I was very tired after doing something, I felt happy at the end of the day.4.结束语：

(1).By doing sth, I learn that we should….通过这件事，我明白到…..(2).I think everyone should….(3).It’s our duty to….for us students.(4).As a middle school student, I think the happiest thing is to be helpful to others.(5).I think if everyone does sth…..will be….如果每个人能做点什么….将会….(6).I learn much from this.What a meaningful activity!我从中学到了很多东西。多么有意义的活动呀。

范文：

写一篇日记，记录5月1日（星期五）你和Lily一起去参观广东博物馆的事。1.天气：晴朗

2.路程：博物馆离你家约两公里 3.交通工具：骑自行车去 4.时间：八点出发，十点回家

5.内容：见到了许多照片、实物等，学到了很多东西 6.游人：见到许多父母和孩子、学生和老师、士兵等

Friday May 1st, 2014

fine

Today Lily and I went to visit Guangdong Museum.As it’s about 2 kilometers from my home, we decided to go there by bike.We set off at 8 o’clock.At the museum we saw many photos and other things.We learned a lot.There were many tourists, children with their parents, students with their teachers, even soldiers and so on.At ten o’clock we left the museum for home.We had a wonderful time today.

第五篇：常用写作文体

常用写作文体

一、应用文的概念

应用文是国家机关、企事业单位、社会团体和个人在日常生活、学习、工作中处理公私事务所使用的具有某种固定格式和直接实用价值的文章。

应用文也称“实用文”是人类在长期的社会实践活动中形成的带有实际应用性质的一种文体是人们用于传递信息、处理事务、交流感情的一种工具有的应用文还可作为凭证和依据。在各类文体中应用文的使用频率最高。党政机关、企事业单位用它上传下达办理公务普通人用它来交流信息和思想。

应用文与我们日常生活和工作有密切的关系。我们要了解天下大事就要阅读报刊、收听广播、收看电视以法治国要有各种法规文件召开会议要有会议文件党政机关指导工作要有许多公文机关、企事业单位要正常运转要有计划、总结、报告等事务文书人们礼尚往来常常借助于请柬、贺卡等等。这诸多的文字材料大部分都是应用文。可见大到整个国家小到某一个单位甚至个人要进行正常的活动都离不开应用文当然也就离不开应用写作。

随着社会的不断发展信息化特征日益显著人们在工作和生活中的交往越来越频繁事情也越来越复杂应用文的功能也就越来越多应用文写作的重要性愈加突出各种应用文书更成为各级机关、企业、团体开展各项公务、实施有效管理的一种重要工具。

写好应用文不管是对个人还是对单位及社团塑造自身形象处理各种关系都起着重要作用。

因此应用文写作成为现代公民必备的素质之一。

二、应用文的种类

应用文种类繁多可以从不同的角度划分成不同的类别。

按照其处理事情的性质的不同可以分为行政机关、团体和企事业单位用来处理公务的公务类应用文亦称为公文和个人或集体用来处理个人事务的私务类应用文即个人日常应用文书两大类；

按照应用领域的不同又可分为：

（一）公务应用文

公务应用文包括行政机关公文和行政事务文书。

1、行政机关公文（法定公文）

根据国务院办公厅年印发的枟国家行政机关公文处理办法枠的规定行政机关公文包括命令令、决定、公告、通告、通知、通报、议案、报告、请示、批复、意见、函、会议纪要十三类十三种公文。这类公文是行政机关在行政管理过程中形成的具有法定效力和规范体式的文书是依法行政和进行公务活动的重要工具主要用来传达和贯彻党和国家的政策法令、指导工作、提出要求、答复问题、通报情况、交流经验、传递信息。这类公文制作比较严格具有一定的法律效力。

2、行政事务文书

行政事务文书是国家机关、团体、企事业单位在处理单位内部日常事务或与具体部门进行工作联系中普遍使用的公务文件亦称为“常规文书”。行政事务文书包括简报、计划、总结、调查报告、规章制度、介绍信、证明信等。这类公文具有很强的实用性和事务性具有一定的惯用格式但却不像国家行政机关公文那样严格。它不具有法定的权威一般不单独行文如有必要需另行备文按法定公文处理否则只作为参考材料。

（二）专用应用文

专用应用文是指在一定专业机关或专门的业务活动领域内因特殊需要而形成和专门使用的一类文书。由于社会分工不同各行各业经管的事务有很大的差异在长期的工作实践中便逐渐形成了一些与各专业相适应的应用文即专业工作应用文。这类应用文除要遵守应用文的一般规则外还有很强的专业特点。如各种司法文书、外交文书、军事文书、商业文书、科技文书等。

在各类应用文中专用应用文的涉及面最广发展也最快。随着社会的发展、科技的进步及社会分工的日益细化为适应工作需要而产生的新的应用写作形式也将不断增多。

（三）日常应用文

日常应用文主要指单位或个人用来处理各种日常事务而使用的一类应用文书它具有交流思想、沟通感情、传递信息的作用如各种便条、书信、启事、请柬、讣告、日记、读书笔记等。日常应用文与人们的日常生活、人际交往活动关系密切使用范围很广。它们虽然也有一定的规范格式但不十分严格写作较灵活自由。

以上只是从大的方面来划分如果需要还可根据行文方向、内容性质或其他管理文件的标准来做进一步划分。

三、应用文的特点

（一）因事而写内容真实具有实用性

应用文最基本的特点就是“用”具有实际应用价值具有明确、具体的应用目的并伴随着具体行动。任何一种应用文都是为解决现实问题、指导实际工作服务“实用”是应用文最重要的特点是应用文与其他文章的最大区别。

应用文的内容必须真实完全排斥虚构和杜撰文中的数据、材料等必须真实准确所发布、传达的上级指示精神必须确切无误不能有任何艺术加工才能真正对解决问题起到一定的实际指导作用。

（二）读者确定非看不可具有明确性

应用文往往是因特定的事由而写针对性、交际性很强。因此它有十分明确的、特定的读者对象必须是针对一定的读者群或读者个人而写的而这些读者群或读者个人必须在阅读后对应用文的内容作出相应的反应。如果应用文的对象不明确或有错误就无法把写作者的意图及时、准确地传递给对方。而如果收到应用文的单位或个人不及时阅读也就不能理解文中意图无法作出及时反应。这些都会使应用文失去解决实际问题的作用。

（三）文字简约表述准确具有平实性

应用文作为一种实用性的文体主要是用来办事的文字简略才能提高办事效率表述准确才能保证工作质量。因此应用文要以说明、议论为主准确扼要通俗易懂能抓住要点。要避免使用一些不切实际的形容词和不适宜的比拟、夸张等修辞手法。语言平实、直白易懂是应用文区别于其他文体语言的基本风格。另外在长期的实践中为了方便使用应用文还形成了一些较为固定的习惯用语。

（四）时间性强讲求及时具有时效性

应用文所针对的问题往往是存在于特定的时间范围之内的要求把有关内容清楚、明白地直接传递给对方并要求对方及时作出回应或采取相应行动。一旦延误时间时过境迁应用文的实用价值也会随之丧失。所以应用文的写作、必须十分注重信息传递的效率、速度。

（五）格式固定写作规范具有模式性

应用文大多具有约定俗成、固定不变的格式能在一个较长时期内保持稳定并且对任何人来说是普遍适用的。

应用文写作的规范性主要表现在两个方面一是文种的规范即办什么事用什么文种有大体的规定不能乱用二是格式的规范即每一文种在写法上有大体的格式规范不能随意变更。

四、请假条

1、请假条的含义

因病或因故不能上学、上班或参加约定的活动时要及时向所属班级老师、单位领导或相关人员请假请假时写的条子叫请假条。

2、请假条的特点

请假条要求开门见山直截了当内容简短用词通俗易懂。

3、请假条的格式及写作要求

（1）请假条的格式

一般在第一行居中写上“请假条”三个字下面一行顶格写对方的称呼后面加冒号再另起一行空两格写正文。正文内容力求以简明扼要的文字讲清请假的原因和请假起止时间。最后在右下角署名并在姓名下边写上具体时间年、月、日。有的在正文结束后还接着写或另起一行空两格写“此致”然后再另起一行顶格写“敬礼”以示礼貌。

（2）请假条的写作要求

①要写清楚向谁请假如所在班级的班主任、所属部门的领导一般不必越级。称呼应该写全称或者在姓或姓名的后面加上尊称或职务如“老师”、“科第一章 条据与书信长”、“经理”等。

②要写清楚请假的原因和具体的起止时间不能含糊。因为要请求给予告假所以要写明简要的情况和缘由并要略用恭敬语请求对方谅解和允许。

③请假条一般应在事先写好及时送给有关负责人如果遇到特殊情况事先没有写事后应该及时补上。

④要写清楚请假人的姓名和日期还要注意字迹的工整清晰。【范文】

请假条

刘老师：

昨天晚上我受凉今天早上起来发烧头疼经医院诊断系重感冒无法来校上课特向您请假两天、日请批准。

附：医院证明

此致 敬礼

学生陈丽

****年**月**日

五、借据

1、借据的含义

借到个人或公家的钱款、财务时由借方写给出借方作为收到借物或借款和日后归还的凭据，就是借据。借据也称借条，是人们在日常工作和生活中经常使用的一种应用文。待钱物归还后，要把条子收回作废或撕毁。

2、借据的格式及写作要求（1）借据的格式

①标题。借据的标题可以由两种方式构成：一是直接由文种名构成，即在正文上方中间写上“借条”或“借据”字样。二是在第一行空两格后写上“今借到”做到标题，正文放在下一行顶格写。

②正文。要写明从哪里得到了什么财物钱款，数量的多少及物品的品种、型号、样式、规格等，还要写明归还的具体日期或大致时间，有较为复杂的情况，则要写明具体归还的方法。

③落款。要写上借条者的单位名称和经手人姓名或借方个人的姓名，必要时需加盖公（私）章，以示负责。单位、个人名称前一般写上“立据人”或“借款人”字样。在署名上还要写上借钱物的具体时间，年月日要写齐。

（2）借据的写作要求

借据（条）内容一般较为简短，语言应简洁明了，文面要干净，不许涂改，若有涂改，需在改动处加盖公章或私章或签名。如果所借的是钱款，金额要写到元、角、分，而且金额一定要大写。

【范文】

借

条

今向x x市歌舞团剧务部借到女演出服装共陆套，大、小锣各壹面，三天后归还。此据。

x x市歌舞团张x x（经手）盖章

x年x月x日 今借到

学校总务处扫帚陆把，撮箕叁个，铁桶贰只。两天后归还。

机械零八级三班 经手人：王平2007年5月10日

六、申请书

1、申请书的含义

申请书是个人或集体向组织、机关、企事业单位或社会团体表述愿望、提出请求时使用的一种文书。申请书的使用范围十分广泛，有申请加入某个组织的，有申请参加某项工作的，有请求解决某一实际问题的，等等。申请书同一般书信一样，也是一种表情达意的书面形式。申请书要求一事一议，内容要单纯。

2、申请书的格式

申请书由标题、称谓、正文、结语和落款五部分构成。①标题。申请书一般直接用“申请书”作标题，有的可以在前边加上事由，如“入团申请书”等。

②称谓。另起一行，顶格加冒号写明接受申请书的部门、组织名称或有关负责人的姓名。如“x x x团支部”、“学校总支领导同志”、“敬爱的党组织”等，称谓后面应加冒号。

③正文。正文包括三项内容：

a、申请事项。开篇要向领导、组织提出申请什么，要开门见山，直截了当，不能含糊其辞。

b、申请理由。为什么申请，申请的目的、意义及自己对申请事项的认识、决心和态度。特别要表明自己的决心、态度，以便组织了解写申请书人的认识情况。这部分应具体详细，态度诚恳，有分寸。

c、结语。申请书可以有结语也可以没有。结语一般是表示敬意的话，如“此致 敬礼”等。也可写表示感谢和希望的话，如“请组织考验”、“请审查”、“望批准”等。

④落款。在右下方署名，并在下面注明行文年月日。范文如下。

七、个人简历

1、个人简历的种类

按用途分有求职性个人简历，如附于求职信后面的简历表；公示性个人简历，如国家任命干部的个人简历；存档性个人简历，如组织或单位的人员填写个人信息情况时所写的简历。

2、个人简历格式及写作要求（1）个人简历的格式

常用的简历格式有两种：一种是条文式，按年月顺序列出某人的学习工作经历。另一种是表格式，根据需要有选择地列出自己的学习、工作经历，充分表现自己的品德和才干。

（2）个人简历的写作要求

①实事求是。要把自己的情况作如实介绍，不弄虚作假，不夸大其词。如求职性个人简历，主要突出自己的专业及特长所在，让他人通过简历了解到自己的专业知识在哪方面比较好，要能客观地体现出你的优势，可以为其所用。此外，个人评价也是很重要的，由此应反映出自己各方面的素质，如性格、工作学习态度、处世方式等，因为招聘者将由此评判你是否具备他们所要求的素质。

②言简意明。语言应当简洁精练，平实准确，避免冗长累赘。如求职性个人简历，不要为了突出自己的专业及特长所在，而将所有优点都写入，要有所选择，把最能体现自己才能的事实用准确、简练、平实的语言表达出来。

范文如下。

八、怎样学好应用写作

现代社会经济飞速发展生活丰富多彩海量信息纷至沓来要求人们快节奏、高效率地工作。应用写作已经日益成为人们生活、学习、工作中不可缺少的一部分是现代人必须具备的基本技能也是每一个中等职业学校学生必须掌握的基本技能之一。

作为现代教育的一项重要内容应用写作已经为社会广泛重视。我们每个人要有足够的认识才能学好它。学好应用文写作我们需要做到：

（一）提高认识端正态度

中等职业学校学生中对于学习应用文往往存在两种错误观点，有的人把它看得很神秘认为应用文种类繁多写法格式上，框框多枯燥乏味又难写，有的人却认为它是雕虫小技，只要能熟练地掌握语言文字技巧便能无师自通不必去学。实际上这些看法都是片面的都不利于我们学好应用文。

应用写作与其他技能一样并不是一朝一夕就能学好并提高水平的而是要有一个长期积累和磨炼的过程。古人说“得之在俄顷积之在平日”就是这个道理。

（二）加强自身修养积极参加社会实践

良好的自身修养和认真的工作态度是应用文写作者必备的基本素质也是我们学好应用写作的根本保证。应用写作要以实际需要为出发点以解决生活、学习、工作中出现的问题为目的如果没有较强的责任心和实事求是的工作态度是很难写好的。同时应用写作和社会生活有密切的关系只有积极参加社会实践活动才能真正了解社会生活在写作时才能正确地反映社会生活才能写出合乎时代要求的应用文。

（三）熟悉方针政策

应用文写作是为现实生活和各项工作服务的要写好应用文必须不断提高自己的政策水平了解有关方针政策、法律法规并作为应用文写作的理论依据。只有努力学习不断加强这方面的学习和修养才能撰写出合乎党和国家的方针政策、能够解决实际问题的应用文。

（四）有相关的专业知识积累

应用写作涉及社会生活的各个领域广泛地运用于社会各行各业各部门并与其他各科知识密切相关。特别是在写作专业应用文时如果缺乏专业训练、不懂业务知识就很难深入实际、完成这篇应用文的写作。因此要学好各类应用文的写作还需要掌握相关的专业知识。

（五）掌握基础知识加强实践

这包括以下几个方面的内容一是要具备一定的语言文字知识和写作能力要能规范地运用语言准确地传情达意、阐述问题努力提高语言表达的效果。二是要认真学习有关应用文的基础理论知识熟悉各种应用文的写作规律把握并熟练运用应用文的基本格式提高写作技能。三是要多阅读、多借鉴教材乃至日常生活、学习、工作中的应用文范例用理论知识来分析这些范文反过来用这些范文来印证所学的理论从中体味领悟加深认识从中学习、借鉴他人的写法。四是要联系实际勤写多练。要多联系学习生活中的各种活动有针对性地进行写作训练。只有勤于动笔反复实践不断积累才能把学到的写作理论转化为写作能力。

以上几个方面只是学好应用文写作的最基本要求要真正学好应用文的写作还需要多方面的综合学习和训练。只要充满信心认真学习反复训练同学们一定能够掌握应用文写作的方法和技巧写出高质量的应用文。