第一篇：2013年常见的几种英语作文模式
以节能环保为题
假设你是星光中学的李华，将参加主题为“Let‟sridebicycles”的英语演讲比赛活动。请撰写一份演讲稿，主要内容：
1、目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞问题
2、骑自行车的益处，如节能环保，有利健康等
3、参考词汇 low-carbon life energy saving
范文：
Good morning，everyone，I‟m Li Hua from Xing Guang Middle school。The topic of my speech is “Let‟s ride bicycle”。
As is known to all，with the improvement of people‟s living standards，cars have become a popular means of transport，bringing great convenience to our life。However，they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams。
How can we solve the problems then ? As far as I am concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution。For one thing，bicycles don‟t need any petrol and they are energy –saving。For another，bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won‟t give off waste gas。What‟s more，riding bicycles is a good way for us to exercise and it is beneficial to our health。
Therefore，let‟s take the responsibility to build up a low-carbon city by riding bicycles。Come on and join us!
Thank you!中国文化为题
假设你是李华，曾在美国学习半年，现已回国。你想联系你的美国老师Mr.Smith，但没有联系方式。请根据以下要点给你的美国同学写信 1.感谢Tom对你学习上的帮助 2.询问Mr.Smith的近况并索要其联系方式 3.邀请Tom在春节来中国感受中国文化。
范文：
Dear Tom，Thank you very much for your kind help when I stayed in America。With your help，my English has improved a lot and my teachers and friends are surprised at my fluent English.How is Mr.Smith ? I want to know something about his life.I tried to get in touch with him，but unfortunately I don‟t have his address and can‟t connect with him。Do you have his email address or his telephone number?
The spring festival is coming。It is an important traditional festival for Chinese，when all the family members get together。It is like Christmas in the western countries。Would you like to come to feel the Chinese culture ? I am sure you will live happily here and learn a lot of funny things。Besides，I can also show you around some places of interest.Best wishes!I am looking forward to your reply。
Yours，Li hua 我要微笑
某报社拟成立“微笑俱乐部”，现向全球征募会员，要求申请者提交一篇题为“I want to smile ”的英语短文。请你以申请者的身份，根据以下思路写一篇。
Advantages of smile
Smile at parents and friends----
范文：
I want to smile
There are many advantages of smiling.It can not only make us happy，but also please others.If we smile at life，life will smile on us in return.So I want to smile at all whenever and wherever possible.First，I would like to smile at parents because they have given me life and taken all the trouble to bring me up.They arrange almost everything for me。With their help，I have made great progress.I would like to say “thank you” to them with a smile.Then my smile should go to myself，for only in this way can I gain more confidence in smiling my troubles away and live a better life.In a word , let‟s greet every day with a smile.Tomorrow is another day.某报社拟成立“微笑俱乐部”，现向全球征募会员，要求申请者提交一篇题为“I want to smile ”的英语短文。请你以申请者的身份，根据以下思路写一篇。
Advantages of smile
Smile at parents and friends----
范文：
I want to smile
There are many advantages of smiling.It can not only make us happy，but also please others.If we smile at life，life will smile on us in return.So I want to smile at all whenever and wherever possible.First，I would like to smile at parents because they have given me life and taken all the trouble to bring me up.They arrange almost everything for me。With their help，I have made great progress.I would like to say “thank you” to them with a smile.Then my smile should go to myself，for only in this way can I gain more confidence in smiling my troubles away and live a better life.In a word , let‟s greet every day with a smile.Tomorrow is another day.同学友谊
英语中“please，thank you，sorry”等礼貌用语等具有怎进友谊，改善关系，化解矛盾的神奇力量，因而被称为“magic words”，请用”magic power of polite words ” 为题写一篇短文。
范文：
magic power of polite words
More and more people attach great importance to relationship in career success.Being polite is the first and most important step to develop good relationship among friends.Polite words can be easy yet very powerful in your daily life.Always saying please and thank you will make your friends more comfortable and more willing to offer help when necessary。We all know that one man‟s success is based on how he deals with people。Always be grateful to other people‟s kindness and show your gratitude through the words you speak。The more support you win from other people，the faster you will move towards your goal.Although some people may easily ignore the importance of being polite，we students should form good habits and behave in good manners。First，learn to be friendly to your parents and relatives at home。Then at school，listen respectfully when your teachers instruct you.Follow and accept their advice to improve yourself。You will make further progress if you express your gratitude in time。
Remember，being polite costs nothing but it‟s worth millions of dollars.发言稿
假设你是李华，福建某中学高中生，今年暑假将前往澳大利亚参加主题为“water for life “的交流活动。请你以参访代表的身份，写一篇发言稿。
Global water shortage
What can we do ?
Ways of reserving water
Turn sea water into fresh water-----
范文：
Ladies and gentlemen，Good morning。I ‘m lihua from Fujiang，China。It’s my great honor to be here to say something about the global water shortage and ways of dealing with it。
As we all know，the global water shortage is becoming increasingly severe mainly due to global warming，environment pollution and the ever-increasing population.Therefore，it is high time we did something about it。
Firstly，an effective way，I think，is to reserve water in a scientific way for future use。Secondly，new methods need to be developed to use the existing water resources，for example，turning sea water into fresh water.Thirdly，we must stop water pollution by law.Last but not least，it’s everyone’s responsibility to make good use of water，such as recycling and saving water in our daily life.In conclusion，people around the world should be ware of the real situation of water shortage，protect the present water resources and explore potential ones scientifically。
That’s all.Thank you.关于“汶川变化”的高考英语作文
为纪念汶川大地震三周年，某英文报发起关注灾区新貌的活动。请根据提示，以“Great changes ”为题，写一篇短文应征。1.某中学灾后三年来的变化，如教学与活动场所，师生精神面貌等 2.发生变化的原因 3.你的感想
范文：
Great changes
I am deeply impressed by the great changes that have taken place in the school over the past three years.On May 12，2008，a severe earthquake destroyed almost everything in the school，leaving badly-damaged buildings。It is now，however，taking on a new look.Tall buildings have been set up，including classroom and laboratory buildings，and a library。There is also a new-built standard playground。In the new environment，teachers and students are living happily and working hard。It is really amazing that the once-ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school，full of life。
Obviously，without the help of the whole society，there would be no new school today。It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes.Many hands make light work.We can work wonders if you unite as a family，caring for each other and helping those in need。Union is strength。
关于“晚会主持”的英语作文
假设你是晨光中学学生会主席李华。学生会将举办一年一度的英语演讲比赛，本年度的主题为“The English novel I like best”。作为组织者，你将在演讲比赛开幕式时发言，请根据以下说明写一篇发言稿。1.说明比赛的意义，如提高英语听说能力，养成读书习惯等 2.比赛注意事项，如每人演讲不超过5分钟，言语流利，发言准确 3.预祝比赛圆满成功
范文：
The English novel I like best
Good afternoon，ladies and gentlemen，Welcome to this year’s English speech competition.This year’s topic is ”the English novel I like best”。It is a really interesting topic。Taking part in this competition is not only a great opportunity for you to improve both your spoken English and listening ability，but also does good to helping you develop a great reading habit.In this contest，the time of every participant’s speech will be limited within 5 minutes.Every participant is expected to speak fluently，and your pronunciation should be as precise as possible.I hope everybody can share your favorite English novel，show your speech talent and make friends with each other。At last，I sincerely hope that this year’s English speech competition will be a great success。
Thank you.【素材】郭敬明：少点敬畏之心
2012年，《咬文嚼字》杂志发动广大读者“围观名家博客”，专家和网友“咬”上了80后著名作家郭敬明。从他的博客中随机选取了10万字，发现了好几百个错别字。
有一些错误竟让人难以置信。如，把“令你们自豪”误写成“另你们自豪”，把“自我了结”误写成“自我了解”，把“顶着大雨”误写成“定着大雨”，把“挥了几下”误写成“辉了几下”，把“虚伪”误写成“虚位”，把“下班”误写成“下半”，等等。此外，他的《两小时后的生日》一文中的“蜉蝣撼树”也被挑出。唐代韩愈《调张籍》中有诗句说：“蚍蜉撼大树，可笑不自量。”后世用“蚍蜉撼树”，嘲笑力量很小而想动摇强大的东西，讽其自不量力。蜉蝣与蚍蜉都是虫子，但与“撼树”搭在一起，只能用“蚍蜉”而非“蜉蝣”。郭敬明是杂志《最小说》《最漫画》的主编，著有《爱与痛的边缘》《幻城》等作品，谁能料到，这样一位深受青少年喜爱的作家，竟然是“错别字大王”。《咬文嚼字》主编郝铭鉴在微博中谈及这一现象时，引用了当年语文老师批改他作文时的一句批语：“遍地荆棘。”
【素材解读】
1.不够严谨。作为知名的青年作家，郭敬明不会糟糕到不会使用汉字的程度。只是他太随意，太不严肃了，竟将一些没有仔细校对的东西搬到了博客上。没有严谨的作风，如何成大器？
2.敬畏文字。错别字，看起来似乎是小事，但反映出的却是一种态度。尤其是对公众人物和作家而言，折射出的是底蕴与修养的缺失。
关于“申请信”的高考英语作文
假设你晨光高中的李华。你校拟选拔一些优秀学生，利用暑假到晨曦希望小学为学生辅导英语。你希望参加此活动。请根据提示写给校评选组一封申请信：1.对此活动的认识(如对本人，学生和社会的益处)2.个人优势(如性格，独立生活能力，语言能力等)3.你的计划(如怎样辅导等)
范文：
Dear Sir/Madam，I‟m lihua from class one，senior two。I am wring to apply for the opportunity to help the students in chenxin Hope School with their English.Thus they can improve their English during the summer vacation。Meanwhile，I can learn how to get along well the students and benefit the whole school.I‟m kind，easy-going and always ready to help others。I wash clothes and make beds by myself to develop independence。English is my favorite subject and I have won several prizes in English contests。So I think that I am qualified for the position.I plan to communicate with students first to know what they need。Besides，I „ll try to get them more interested in English by telling stories，singing songs，playing games and so on。
I‟d appreciate it if you could give me the opportunity。
Yours Sincerely，Li hua 关于“活动安排”的高考作文
假设你程光中学学生会主席李华。你校将于6月26日接待来自美国的某中学的访问团。你受学校委托，负责安排其在天津的活动。请根据提示，给美国的领队Smith 先生写一封电子邮件，介绍活动安排并简要说明理由，最后征求对方的意见。1.上午与我校学生座谈(如校园文化，文化差异)2.中午与我校同学共进午餐(饺子，面条等)3.下午和我校学生游览海河。
范文：
Dear Mr.Smith，I am Lihua，chairman of the student union，from chenguang high schoo.I am very pleased to learn that you are coming to visit our school on June 26.I am writing to tell you what we have arranged for you.In the morning，there will be a forum in the school auditorium，where visitors and students from our school communicate with each other，talking about school life and cultural differences。At noon，you are invited to have lunch in our school cafeteria with students from our school.You can taste dumplings，noodles and other Chinese foods。In the afternoon，the students in our school will show you around the HaiHe river。
How do you like the arrangements ? I hope you will have a nice time in Tian jing
Yours sincerely，Li Hua 高考作文题目：追求梦想，努力奋斗
关于“梦想”
（一）命题理由：梦想是人类的天空，是人生命的意义，也是人前行的动力。它就像是一张支票，给今天以明天的承诺，用明天的阳光照亮今天的路途，让今天变得更加美好而有意义。梦想总是高于现实，却又映照着现实。当一日千里的时代来临时，“梦”的翅膀便腾飞于中国大地。(二）题目设计
云南小伙杨绍平有两个身份。白天是北京大学南门一家傣族小饭店的传菜工，忙碌地穿行于厅堂与后厨之间；到了晚上，他的身份则成了北大教室的一名自习学生，争分夺秒地为自己梦想埋头苦读。前不久，杨绍平顺利通过了国家司法考试，追逐8年的律师梦，向前迈进了一大步。杨绍平出生在云南双江县小富王村的贫寒之家，他在家里5个孩子中排行最小。杨绍平的父亲是一名退休的水利工人，曾因被水淹过而落下一身病；他的母亲多年前就身患风湿病而瘫痪在床，一直是家里的“药罐子”。2005年，杨绍平曾考上一所大学，但因为不想让父母负债供自己念书，他虽然坐上了离家的火车，最终却瞒着父母没去学校报到。他准备一边打工一边自考法律专科，然后通过升本科拿到毕业证后参加司法考试，实现自己的律师梦。
半工半读期间，杨绍平当过宾馆保安、绿化工、接待员、传菜工。杨绍平每天只有两三个小时的学习时间，这让他在2011年的司法考试中名落孙山。这一次，他专门向老板请了一个月的假，还在北师大附近租了一间5平米的地下室。手头的钱不宽裕，他每天在食堂只吃一个素菜；没钱报司法考试学习班，他就请朋友将课程内容用MP3录下来反复听。
功夫不负有心人，付出长达8年的努力之后，杨绍平的律师梦终于即将照进现实。
关于继承、弘扬、创新，高考作文素材和写法
继承和创新是一个民族的文化生生不息的两个轮子。继承传统美德，弘扬民族精神，创新民族文化，是永不过时的话题。
【立意角度】
1.文化的发展离不开继承与创新
2.创新需要勇气和智慧
3.在继承中创新，在创新中继承
4.固守精神家园
【素材】
【传统文化的传承者——余秋雨】
静坐寒窗苦守，动辄行者无疆。他是长江边的艄公，溯流而上行一段苦旅;他上高山下的愚叟，舞起双臂铲除文化的劣根;他是高明的外科医生，剜除传统中的千年病灶。九万六千平方公里，满满的是他探求文化根源的脚印。游历欧洲十国，不变的是他永无止境的文化反思。千万里溯源之路，十余载文化苦旅。秦汉烽烟、魏晋霜雪，在他的笔下再生;唐诗平仄，宋词韵律，在他的手里跳动。
静看历史千层浪，最是智慧余秋雨。
“不临高山，不知天之高也;不临深渊，不知地之厚也。”他一直在行走，走遍中国，又走向 海外。为深刻理解中华文化，他追根溯源;为全面剖析传统思想，他游历世界。他结束了中华文化盲目自信的历史，他为国人打开了真正的开放之门。
【梅兰芳-——将京剧艺术引向世界】
从生命的谷底到艺术的巅峰，他的生命本身就是一场华丽的出演，他的一生就像一场永远听不到尽头的京剧。幼年的苦练，青年的继承，壮年的弘扬，成就了这位将我国的京剧艺术引向世界的第一人。
有的人被流放到贫瘠的土地，他的灵魂却愈加丰盈;有的人被禁锢在闭塞的山村，他的歌喉却可以飞跃千山万水。他没有出生在京剧世家，也无天赋可作径，他的生命中本无乐符，可他却用勤勉继承了中华戏曲文化的精髓，唱响了京剧的大美。
他倾其一生在弘扬京剧的土壤上耕耘，终于收获了丰硕的果实。曾赴日，赴美，赴苏，将京剧艺术引向了世界。创作如歌，弘扬作曲，和曲而歌，方知歌之动听。
关于坚强、奋发图强、信念力量的高考作文 【素材】曾文寂：用写作迎战死神
一手高举着稿子与眼睛平行，一手提笔吃力地在上面记录着代表发言。2010年9月25日，在湖北省作家协会第六次代表大会上，重残作家曾文寂显得有些与众不同。因为患有严重的强直性脊柱炎，他不得不直着脖子记录，再加上腿脚有重疾，时常抽筋疼痛，他还要不时站起来手撑桌子稍事歇息。因患类风湿关节炎和强直性脊柱炎，一天中90%的时间，他只能僵硬地躺在床上，翻一下身都会疼痛难忍，所以他形容自己 “像一具化石”。
今年62岁的曾文寂，是湖北省作家协会会员、武汉市作家协会签约作家。现在他每天拄着双拐，站在电脑前写作，“身体好，一天能写1000多字，状况差，就只能写几十个字。”28年里，他和同样重残的妻子付宇一起，克服身体的病痛和生活中的困难，坚持不懈，发表了230万字的文学作品，出版了4本书，并获得多项全国性大奖。著名作家史铁生曾为他们的书作序：“人生一世，最后发现名利财富都是空，人能够拥有的只有生命本身。但生命的流逝使得它难以实现超越时段的自我确认，唯有文字能够担当此任，宣告生命曾经在场。”去年夏天，曾文寂联系了武汉市红十字会遗体捐献中心。他说：“我的视力一向很好，身上最有价值的器官就是眼角膜，它会让一直在黑暗中摸索的盲人朋友重见光明。”
【素材解读】
1.不甘平凡。曾文寂很平凡，平凡到很少有人知道他的名字。与史铁生的遭遇几乎相同，也与史铁一样，他没有向命运低头，而是用文字让困境里的生命焕发了光彩。
2.精神最美。在坎坷的命运面前，曾文寂是坚强的。他用文字展示着自己的才华；他愿意捐献器官，照亮他人的生命。这种不怨天尤人，发愤图强，与命运作斗争的精神值得每个人学习。坚守梦想，追求梦想，关于信念的力量高考作文素材
【素材】甘相伟：站着上北大
甘相伟的《站着上北大》一书出版了！很多人看到书名都很奇怪，何为站着上北大呢？原来，甘相伟本是北京大学的一名保安，“站着”只是他的一种工作状态。凭着自身的努力，他最终成了北大学子。
甘相伟来自大别山区的偏远山村，由于幼年丧父，家境贫寒，他不得不放弃到县里高中读书的机会。2007年初，心中的读书梦再次燃起，他来到北京，和众多学子一起走进了梦寐以求的燕园。不同的是，甘相伟成为了北大西门的一名保安。生活在燕园，行走在未名湖畔，甘相伟贪婪地享受着北大的人文氛围。工作之余，他溜进课堂蹭课、听名师讲座、泡图书馆„„2008年，他参加了成人高考，并以高出录取分数线60分的成绩成为北大成教院中文系的本科生。从此，甘相伟开始半工半读。站在岗亭里，他是北大保安；走进课堂，他是北大学生。在北大期间，甘相伟 总是随身带着纸笔，有了灵感就记录下来，然后整理成文。几年里，他先后写了几百篇文章。2012年6月，他的第一本书《站着上北大》正式出版，北大校长周其凤为该书作序，并称赞说，这种努力进取的精神，令人钦佩。甘相伟的经历感动了无数人，他也被誉为“中国保安出书第一人”。
【素材解读】
1.坚守梦想。起点低并不代表终点低。对梦想的坚守和不懈的努力，决定了一个人的成就。一名保安，能够成为北大学子，成为作家，都是梦想的力量。
2.相信自己。作为保安，甘相伟从未向现实屈服，反而找到了前行的方向，看到了人生的希望，并因此取得了令人惊叹的成功。他的经历告诉我们：相信自己，我们一样美丽。
过去与将来，关于过去与将来的作文怎么写！
【素材】郭敬明：少点敬畏之心
2012年，《咬文嚼字》杂志发动广大读者“围观名家博客”，专家和网友“咬”上了80后著名作家郭敬明。从他的博客中随机选取了10万字，发现了好几百个错别字。
有一些错误竟让人难以置信。如，把“令你们自豪”误写成“另你们自豪”，把“自我了结”误写成“自我了解”，把“顶着大雨”误写成“定着大雨”，把“挥了几下”误写成“辉了几下”，把“虚伪”误写成“虚位”，把“下班”误写成“下半”，等等。此外，他的《两小时后的生日》一文中的“蜉蝣撼树”也被挑出。唐代韩愈《调张籍》中有诗句说：“蚍蜉撼大树，可笑不自量。”后世用“蚍蜉撼树”，嘲笑力量很小而想动摇强大的东西，讽其自不量力。蜉蝣与蚍蜉都是虫子，但与“撼树”搭在一起，只能用“蚍蜉”而非“蜉蝣”。郭敬明是杂志《最小说》《最漫画》的主编，著有《爱与痛的边缘》《幻城》等作品，谁能料到，这样一位深受青少年喜爱的作家，竟然是“错别字大王”。《咬文嚼字》主编郝铭鉴在微博中谈及这一现象时，引用了当年语文老师批改他作文时的一句批语：“遍地荆棘。”
【素材解读】
1.不够严谨。作为知名的青年作家，郭敬明不会糟糕到不会使用汉字的程度。只是他太随意，太不严肃了，竟将一些没有仔细校对的东西搬到了博客上。没有严谨的作风，如何成大器？
2.敬畏文字。错别字，看起来似乎是小事，但反映出的却是一种态度。尤其是对公众人物和作家而言，折射出的是底蕴与修养的缺失。
第二篇：小升初英语常见作文
小升初英语常见作文
（只供参考）
English Composition（英语作文）
Daivd
The boy is David.Last year he was 10 years old.He was fat and short,because he slept all day and ate much sweet food,but he didn’t do any exercises.Now he is 11 years old.He is tall and thin ,because he often swims and plays basketball,and sometimes he goes climbing.He is thin but he is healthy.So we should do more exercises,because it’s good for our health.Kitty Goes Fishing
It’s a fine day today.Kitty goes fishing with his mum.Mum sits on a small chair and begins to fish, But Kitty goes to catch a butterfly.In the afternoon,Mum catches many fish,but Kitty doesn’t catch any.So he feels shy, and he sits down to fish.At last, he also catches many fish.He is very happy.They go home happily.Lovely Piggy
Piggy is a lovely pig.He likes trying on new clothes very much.You see, he puts on his grandpa’s glasses,his brother’s shirt, his aunt’s skirt and his uncle’s boots.And he is very happy.Now, it’s Piggy’s bath time.He takes off those clothes.He is not like his grandpa,his brother, his aunt or his uncle,He is himself now.Do you like him?
My New House
This is my new house.It is different from my old one.I think I am going to like it.From my front windows, I can see a small river.It’s very clear.I like it very much.There are many hills behind my new house.You can see many green trees on the hills.The air is fresh.I love my new house.In the Park
Today is fine.Many people are in the park.Kelly and Susan are walking and talking with each other.David is eating a hot dog under a big tree.Sally is riding her new bike.She rides it very fast.Tim and Joe are playing football.They are very happy.Mike is reading a newspaper.What about Emma? Oh, she is sleeping.
第三篇：英语作文常见错误
英语作文常见错误
同学们在英语学习中或多或少都会存在错误，尤其是在英语作文写作中，语法错误可谓层出不穷，现在对同学们英语写作中常见的语法错误进行了分类总结。1.主谓关系中人称和数量不一致性
汉语的动词不受主语的人称和数的影响，但英语的谓语动词要和主语保持一致，谓语动词要随着主语而变化。而同学们主要用汉语思维，往往没有习惯去考虑主语是第几人称，是单数还是复数。例如：
a.A number of students is going to learn a foreign language.b.He go to school by bike every day.分析：
a句中a number of +复数名词做主语时，其谓语动词用复数形式。b中 He是第三人称单数，在一般现在时态中谓语动词go应该加es。2.时态
高中生在写作中经常在时态方面犯错误。英语时态种类繁多，动词的构成形式随着时态的变化而变化。中文里没有时态区分。动作或动词的时间由跟在动词后的诸如 “着”、“了”、“过”等副词来表示，对高中生来说，掌握英语的时态不是很容易。实际上，学习者在头脑里很清楚语法规则，但经常混淆或忘记改变动词的词形。例如： a.A baby can cry as soon as it was born.b.I spend 50 yuan buying the clothes.c.I will not come here if it will rain tomorrow.正确的句子：
a.A baby can cry as soon as it is born.b.I spent 50 yuan buying the clothes.c.I will not come here if it rains tomorrow.分析：
第一句是一个常识问题，应该用一般现在时态。第二句“我买这件衣服花了50元”应该是过去时态。第三句主句是一般将来时，条件状语从句是一般现在时态。3.语态错误
动词的被动式在英语中比比皆是，学生由于汉语思维的影响，很少考虑到用被动语态。虽然中文里也有被动式的含义，但与英语里被动式表达方式完全不同。英语里的被动式要求有助动词be和过去分词形式，其中这个助动词带有时态和人称数量信息，中文里需要使用如“被”、“使”、“让”等词语，不需要有不规则的动词形式。这对中国的学习者来说就有潜在的困难。例如：
a.New bicycles must keep inside.b.The book has to return at the end of the week.c.The food has cooked.d.Knife should take away from babies.正确的句子：
a.New bicycles must be kept inside.b.The book has to be returned at the end of the week.c.The food has been cooked.d.Knives should be taken away from babies.很明显，这些句法结构己经被确认为未能正确使用英语中的被动式。学生还会犯一些其它方面的错误，其中之一是，常常把英语里没有被动语态的词（组），如 take place, occur, happen, belong to，appear, break out, rise, die等用作被动语态。4.固定搭配
错误有介词短语的搭配，固定词组的搭配，更多的是特殊动词的搭配和用法出现错误最多。很多学习者在记单词的时候，不记搭配和真正用法，错误如下： a.He suggested to go there on his bike.b.My teacher explained me the text very carefully.c.My mother made me to choose the one I liked best.正确的句子：
a.He suggested going there on his bike.b.My teacher explained to me the text very carefully.c.My mother made me choose the one I liked best.据以上的分析，中国学习者的英语应用很大程度上受到其母语的影响，直接翻译，没有记住这些动词的特殊用法。
5.非谓语动词
错误由于学生对非谓语动词的概念不清楚，对不定式、分词、动名词的用法不明白，对句子结构分析不正确，常把非谓语动词误用作谓语动词。
学生不知道在英语句子中谓语动词只能有一个，如果有另外一个动词出现，这个动词有三种情况：一是并列谓语，但是这时候必须有连词，如and, but等；二是出现在从句里面；三就是以分词形式出现，现在分词和过去分词，还有不定式。现在分词有主动语态和进行时的含义，而过去区分词有被动语态和完成时的含义，不定式有将来时态的意义。例如： a.In the museum there are a lot of interesting things look at.b.I am looking forward to see you.正确的句子：
a.In the museum there are a lot of interesting things to look at.b.I am looking forward to seeing you.分析：
a句中己有谓语动词there are，用来修饰things，此句缺的是后置定语。b句look forward to是一个固定短语，后面要接动名词。6.冠词错误
学生在翻译时常会忘了考虑冠词，或者说不重视冠词这个问题，常有多用或少用或错用的弊病。
冠词考查分两个方面，一是冠词的残缺或多余，考生要注意关于含有冠词（不含冠词）的用法以及加冠词与不加冠词的区别，如：in charge of与in the charge of, out of question与out of the question的区别。二是冠词the, a, an（不定冠词和定冠词）之间的相互误用。
英汉名词确有许多共同点，但是也有不少不同点。英语名词有可数与不可数之分，汉语里没有，且一般情况下，名词都可受到数量词的限制。因此，英语写作中，一旦涉及到advice, news, progress, weather，information等少数常用不可数名词时，学生往往会犯错误。
不过，在使用英语不可数名词时，又会出现两种情况，一种是绝不可以用a/an或数词来直接修饰，如上述提及的几个名词：另一种情况是，少数不可数名词在被形容词等修饰后，可用a/an等来修饰。如time（时间），rain（雨）。所以我们可以说：We had a wonderful time yesterday.例如：
a.The air is the most important thing for our existence.b.The driver brought the car to stop.In this way, he avoided an accident.c.When sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish.正确的句子：
a.Air is the most important thing for our existence.b.The driver brought the car to a stop.In this way, he avoided an accident.c.When the sun was setting, he still did not catch any fish.7.代词的错误
代词主要有人称代词、物主代词、关系代词、反身代词、疑问代词、复合疑问代词、指示代词，要注意代词的各人称之间和单复数之间的误用，关系代词 which, that, as之间的误用，关系代词that与疑问代词what之间的误用，关系代词which与关系副词when, where，以及what与how的误用等。例如： a.We do not like he.b.If you like this books, you can take them away.c.His book is different from me.d.The population of China is larger than those of Japan.正确的句子：
a.We do not like him.b.If you like these books, you can take them away.c.His book is different from mine.d.The population of China is larger than that of Japan.汉语里，人称代词没有主格、宾格和所有格之变，而英语中的人称代词有主格、宾格和所有格之变，而且每格都具有其自身的用途，分别充当主语、宾语和定语等。尤其要注意的是，人称代词充当介词宾语时，也要采用其宾格形式。8.连词的错误
连词主要有两类，即并列连词和从属连词，考查点主要是并列连词（分递进式、转折式、选择式和因果式四种）之间的误用（主要是but与so/and之间的误用），从属连词之间的误用以及并列连词与从属连词之间的误用等。例如： a.He had little to eat and a large house to live in.b.He had no sooner arrived when he fell ill.c.If you go this way, and you will soon see the hospital.正确的句子：
a.He had little to eat but a large house to live in.b.He had no sooner arrived than he fell ill.c.1f you go this way，you will soon see the hospital.9.名词的错误
名词主要考查单数名词变复数名词，这主要是受东西方文化差异的影响，英语中除了不可数名词和单数名词用单数外，可数名词要用复数形式。另外还有一些特殊形式。例如： a.What a beautiful weather we are having today!b.Please give my best regard to your parents.c.I have got good marks in all my subject.正确的句子：
a.What beautiful weather we are having today!b.Please give my best regards to your parents.c.I have got good marks in all my subjects.10.情态动词和助动词的错误
这类错误有以下几种情况：① 情态动词后的动词使用过去时态；② 情态动词后的动词加“s”③ 情态动词后的动词加“ing”④”will”后面的“be”动词用“am、“is”或“are ”；⑤助动词“do”后面的动词用动词过去时态；⑥。助动词“do”后面的动词第三人称单数加“s"；⑦ 助动词“do”后面的动词加“ing”等。例如： a.I could did my homework.b.He may goes to school by bike every day.正确的句子：
a.I could do my homework.b.He may go to school by bike every day.
第四篇：英语常见话题作文经典
1.True Beauty 真正的美
Everyone is attracted by beauty and beauty is powerful.But what is true beauty? Perhaps you can get the answer from the following story.每个人都会被美所吸引，美有强大的力量。但是什么是真正的美呢?或许你可以从下面的事情中得到答案。This morning I went to the market to buy some vegetables with my parents.On the way we all highly praised a young man in western-style clothes and leather shoes who was riding by.But he rode so fast that he knocked an old lady down carelessly.Instead of stopping, he pretended not to see this and rode away quickly.We were all very angry with the young man.To our happiness, a girl in plain dress ran forward at once, helped the lady up and took her home.We all praised the girl.今天早上我和父母一起去市场买蔬菜，路上我们都赞叹一个西装革履的正骑车经过的年轻人。但是他骑得太快了，不小心把一位老妇人撞倒在地。而他却假装没看到，飞快地骑走了。我们都生那个年轻人的气。让人欣慰的是，一个穿着朴素的女孩立刻跑过来，扶起老人并把她送回了家。我们都夸奖这个小女孩。
From this we know we cannot judge a person by his appearance.A person who is dressed beautifully may not have a beautiful soul.Only a person who has a beautiful soul is really beautiful.由此我们知道了，不能通过外表来判断一个人。一个身穿华服的人可能没有美好的心灵，拥有美丽灵魂的人才是真正美丽的。
2.My Hometown
我的家乡
My hometown, which is in the south of Shandong Province, is a very beautiful village.It lies on the east bank of a small river, surrounded by green mountains, In the past my hometown was poor, and people led a hard life.They couldn't afford to send their children to school.But, great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past twenty years.Many families.have not only color TV sets, but also telephones, fridges, computers, and so on.New roads, houses, schools, hospitals have been built.People in my hometown are working hard for a better life.我的家乡在山东南部，是一个非常漂亮的村庄，它位于一条小河的东岸，为绿色的大山所环抱。过去，我的家乡很穷，人们过着艰难的生活，孩子读不起书。但是在刚刚过去的二十年里，我的家乡发生了翻天覆地的变化口许多家庭不仅有了彩色电视机，而且电话、冰箱、电脑等应有尽有。新修了公路，新建了房屋、学校和医院。家乡人民正在为过上更好的生活而辛勤工作。
3.What Is Success? 什么是成功？
What is success? Different people hold different views on This question.Some think that one is successful if he can make a great deal of money.Others argue that success means holding an important government post.Still others believe that whoever has got high academic title is successful.It is clear that there are quite different opinions on success.什么是成功？不同的人对此问题有不同的看法。有些人认为，如果一个人能挣许多的钱，他就是成功者。另一些人则争辩说，成功意味着高居政府要职。还有些人则认为，谁有高级职称，谁就是成功者。可见，对成功有截然不同的看法。
In order to become successful, you should first of all be both perseverance and hardworking.As you know, whatever you do, there are always two possible results: success and failure.When you fail, you should never lose heart.On the contrary, you must build up your confidence and work even harder.You should always keep in mind that perseverance is the mother of success and industry is the key to it.In addition, you should pay great attention to your work method.It is necessary for you to sum up your experience constantly and improve the efficiency of your work.Finally, it is important for you to get along well with your co-workers, care for each other and help each other.If you follow these principles, you will
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certainly achieve remarkable success in the future.要成为成功者，首先，你必须有毅力并且勤奋。正如你所知道的，不管你做什么事，总有两种可能的结果：成功或失败。当你失败时，你不应丧失信心。相反，你应该增强信心，并加倍努力。你应始终牢记，毅力是成功之母，勤奋则是成功的关键。此外，你应多注意工作方法。你应不断总结经验，提高工作效率。最后，你应该和你的同事友好相处，互相帮助，互相关心。如果你遵循这些原则，你将来一定能取得成功。
4.The Way to Stay Healthy
保持健康的方法
Health is most important for any of us.]n order to stay healthy, we need some common knowledge.健康对我们任何人来说都是最为重要的。为了保持健康，我们需要一些普通的知识。
First]y, pay attention to the diet.We should eat lots of fruit and vegetables, because they are rich in fiber and Iow in fat.As a proverb says, “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”So fruit is good for health.Don＇t have a lot of food that contains too much fat, such as butter.Meanwhile, sweets should be eaten in proper quantity, because too much sugar does harm to us.Don＇t drink too much coffee, either.首先，注意你的饮食。我们应该吃大量的水果和蔬菜，因为它们富含纤维素并且脂肪含量较低。正如一句谚语所说：“一天一个苹果不求医。”因此水果对健康有益。不要吃太多富合脂肪的食物，比如说黄油。同时，应当适量地吃甜食，因为糖过多对我们人体不利，也不要喝太多的咖啡。
Secondly, exercise is necessary.Regular exercise can help us keep from getting fat.People who do running every day usually have stronger hearts than who don＇t.其次，锻炼是必需的；经常性的锻炼能使我们保持身材；通常每天跑步的人的心脏要比那些不跑步的人更强壮。Finally, form good living habits.We should sleep for about 8 hours at night, and never work too hard.Over work and little sleep will lead to illness.What＇s more, stay away from cigarettes.最后，养成良好的生活习惯。我们晚上应该睡八小时，不要过分辛苦地工作。过度劳作和睡眠不足将导致生病。而且，不要吸烟。
These are the things we should pay attention to so as to stay healthy.以上这些方面我们都该注意，这样才能保持健康。
5.Protecting the Environment
保护环境
Environmental problems are becoming more and more serious all over the world.For example, cars have made the air unhealthy for people to breathe and poisonous gas is given off by factories.Trees on the hills have been cut down and waste water is being poured continuously into rivers.Furthermore, wherever we go today, we can find rubbish carelessly disposed.Pollution is, in fact, threatening our existence.全世界的环境问题变得越来越严重。例如汽车污染的空气影响了人们的呼吸，工厂释放污染的气体，山上的树木被砍伐，污水不断被排人河里。另外，无论我们走到哪里，到处可见随意丢弃的垃圾。事实上，污染正威胁我们的生存。
The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generations.Fortunately, more and more people have realized these problems.Measures have been taken to cope with these problems by the government.Laws have been passed to stop pollution.I hope the problem will be solved in the near future and our home will become better and better.地球是我们的家园，我们有责任为我们自己和我们的后代去照顾好它。庆幸的是，愈来愈多的人们已经意识到这些问题。政府已经采取了很多措施去解决这些问题，法律已被通过以制止污染。我希望这些问题在不远的将来能得到解决，我们的家园变得越来越好。
We must face the situation that exists and take actions to solve our environmental problems.For instance, new laws must be passed to place strict control over industrial pollution, the pub!ic must receive the education about the hazard of
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pollution and so on.We hope that all these measures will be effective and bring back a healthful environment.我们必须面对现实，采取行动解决环境问题。例如必须通过新的法律严格控制工业污染问题，大众必须接受污染危害的教育等。我们希望这些措施的有效实施能带给我们一个健康的环境。
6.Love Is More Important Than Money
爱比金钱更重要
When asked money and love which one is more important, different people have different ideas.As for me, love is more important.My reasons are as follows.当问到金钱和爱情哪一个更重要时，不同的人有不同的观点。对我而言，我觉得爱情更重要。我的原因如下。First, money cannot buy true love.The girl who firmly stated on a TV dating show that she would rather cry in a BMW than smile on a bicycle is just a case in point.From this point we can see that, no matter how rich people are, they cannot buy true love.首先，金钱买不到真爱。一个女孩在交友节目上坚定地说，她宁愿坐在宝马上面哭也不愿意坐在自行车上面笑，就是一个很好的例子。从这一点我们可以看出，不管一个人多富有，他都买不到真爱。
Second, love is above wealth.“Naked” wedding or “naked” marriage is a hot topic these days.More and more young people begin to marry each other without a big property.In these cases, love is more important than money.其次，爱情超越财富。“裸婚礼”或者“裸婚”是这些日子的热题。越来越多的年轻人开始和没有大财产的人结婚。从这种情况来看，爱情比金钱更重要。
To sum up, love is far more important than money.Provided that we lose wealth, we may regain it by working hard.But if we lose love, it will be impossible to make up for it.总是，爱情远比金钱重要。假如我们失去了财富，我们可以通过努力重新获得。但是如果我们失去了爱情，就不可能弥补了。
7.My Teacher 我的老师-Li xin, a young lady of 23 from xinjiang, has been a middle-school teacher of English for three years.she is slim and beautiful, and always has a nice smile on her face.李欣，23岁，新疆人，是一位年轻的中学英语老师，教书三年了。她身材苗条，长得秀气，脸上总挂着灿烂的笑容。
She was born for teaching and does a great jib.In her class, she can get her students involved in learning and doing exercises.They are attracted by the topics she gives and this makes her class lively.As a result, most students like to be in her class.她天生就是教书的料。课上她能调动学生积极参与的兴趣。学生喜欢她给出的讨论话题，课堂气氛活跃。因此学生都很喜欢她的课。
Li Xin is a good teacher not only because she has a good way of teaching, but also because she loves her students and never spoil them.She is kind and considerate, and is ready to help her students who meet with difficulties.李欣不仅教学方法不错，而且爱却不宠学生。她和蔼可亲，关心体贴，总热心帮助有困难的学生。
My teacher, Li Xin, is not only our good teacher, but also our best friend.We all like her and will remember her forever.我的老师李欣不仅是我们的好老师，还是我们的好朋友，我们都很喜欢她并将永远记得她。
8.Failure and Success
失败与成功
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Failure is so common in our life.No one can avoid it.When we fail in doing something, we often feel so depressed that we have no interest in other things.Sometimes failure can also make us lose heart.Therefore, no one wants to be a failure.失败是生活中是很常见的。没有人能避免失败。当我们做某事失败的时候，我们经常觉得很沮丧，而提不起兴趣去做其他的事情。有时失败会使我们丧失信心。所以，没有人想成为失败者。
Success is what we all hope for, because it can bring us a sense of pride and a good reputation.The moment we succeed, we always feel so proud, as if having everything in our hands.If one enjoys his continuous success in his career, he will be famous and worshiped by others.成功是我们所希望的，因为它能够给我们带来的自豪感和良好的信誉。成功的那一刻我们都感到很自豪，就好像我们拥有了一切。如果一个人喜欢在他的职业生涯中不断取得成功，他就会出名，被别人崇拜。
However, failure is the mother of success.One failure doesn’t mean you can never be successful.It depends on what we do to deal with failure.Those who are always afraid of failure and can’t go through it will never win.But as long as we can get some lessons and experience from our failure, we’ll be sure to succeed.不过，失败是成功之母。一次失败并不意味着你永远不能成功。这取决于我们如何面对失败。那些总是害怕失败，不能克服这个心理的人永远都不会成功。但只要我们能吸取教训，我们一定会成功的。
9.About Weight-losing 关于减肥
In recent years, losing weight has become a hot topic in our life, especially in women’s community.However, losing weight has aroused people’s attention as many problems has appeared.近几年，减肥已经成为我们生活中一个热烈的话题，尤其是在妇女群。然而，随着很多问题的出现，减肥已经引起了人们的关注。
There are many ways in losing weight.Some people lose their weight by persisting in doing exercise regularly.Some people take medicine to cut their weight.Furthermore, some turn to operation for help, especially the young.Therefore, all kinds of product have been sold in the market, such as special medicine, tea and equipment.减肥的方式有很多种。有的人通过坚持有规律的运动来减肥。有的人通过吃药来减肥。另外，还有一些人通过手术寻求帮助。因此，各种各样的产品在市场上出售，比如特殊药品，茶和设备。
It’s understandable for human to pay much attention to their good-look.However, many side effects have come into being when some people are losing weight.For example, some people have lost their weight by taking medicine, but at the same time, their digestion systems have been injured.Thus, we should pay more attention to our physical coordination when we choose the way to cut our weight.人们注意外貌是可以理解的。但是，当有的人减肥的时候，很多副作用就出现了。比如，有的人通过吃药来减肥，但是同时他们的消化系统也已经受损。因而，当选择减肥方式的时候，我们应该更加注意我们的身体协调。
In my opinion, doing exercise is the best way to lose weight.On the one hand, we can train our bodies by taking exercise and become healthier.On the other hand, our mind will be clearer if we do exercise often.在我看来，做运动是减肥的最佳方法。一方面，通过运动我们可以锻炼身体变得更健康。另一方面，如果我们经常锻炼，我们的思维就会更清晰。
10.the advantages and disadvantages of mobile phones
手机利弊谈
Generally speaking, it is widely believed that there are several positive aspects as follows about students' using mobile phones at school.Firstly, with a mobile phone in hand, a student can get in touch with parents conveniently.Secondly, mobile phones can sometimes be used as a dictionary if it is connected with the Internet, which is beneficial to students' English learning.However, its advantages are also obvious.To start with, getting in touch with friends as well as
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parents by the phone too frequently will surely have a bad effect on students' study.What's worse, it is common for students to get addicted to mobile phone games.From the comparison between these positive and negative effects, we know that its disadvantages far outweigh its advantages.Therefore, students had better not use mobile phones.一般而言，大家都认为学生在学校使用手机有很多好处。首先，有了手机，学生能方便地与父母取得联系。其次，如果你的手机可以上网，你还可以把它当字典用，这对学生的英语学习非常有帮助。然而，学生在学校使用手机的不良影响也是很明显的。首先，过于频繁地用手机与父母和朋友联系对学生的学习有很大的负面影响。此外，很多学生会对手机游戏上瘾。对比其优缺点，我们知道其负面影响大于正面影响，所以，学生在校最好不要用手机。
11.Low Carbon Life 低碳生活
In recent years, the global warming gets increasingly attention.More and more people make contribution to stop the global warming.Therefore, a new lifestyle occurs--low carbon life.What can we do to live in low carbon?近几年，全球气候变暖越来越得到关注。越来越多的人为阻止全球变暖做出贡献。因此，一种新的生活方式诞生了——低碳生活。在低碳生活中我们可以做些什么呢？
First, remember to turn off lights and turn off the faucet when you do not need to use.Use the energy-saving lamps.There are many small things we can do to save resources.Second, when we go out, take public transport as much as possible, to reduce gas emissions and to ease the transporting pressures.首先，但你不需要用电和水的时候，记得把灯和水龙头关掉。使用节能灯。我们可以做很多小事来节省资源。其次，当我们外出的时候，尽可能乘坐公共交通以减少气体排放和缓解交通压力。
All in all, there are many other things we can do to live in the low carbon life.It needs us to do something practically.If everyone can keep this lifestyle from now on, it will greatly change the situation and our home would become more beautiful.总之，为了低碳生活，我们可以做很多事。它需要我们做出一些实际行动。如果每个人能够从现在起保持这种生活方式，情况将得到很大改善，我们的家园会变得更美丽。
12.Should Students Make Friends On Line?
学生应该网上交友吗? Should students make friends on line? Some people say yes.The Internet helps make many friends.Chatting on line, students can express their feelings and opinions more freely, and even get help with their foreign language studies.学生应该网上交友吗?一些人的回答是肯定的。互联网有助于广交朋友，学生在网上聊天可以更加自由地表达感受和意见，还有利于外语的学习。
Others, however, think students should not.They say making friends on line is a waste of time, which should be spent more meaningfully on study.Besides, some students, get cheated on line.然而，另外一些人认为学生不应该在网上交友。他们说网上交友是浪费时间，应该把这些时间花在更有意义的学习上，而且一些学生在网上上当受骗。
It is my opinion that students should place their study, health and safety before other, things.As for friendship, we can readily find it in our classmates and other people around us.我认为学生应该把他们的学习、健康和安全放在首位。至于友谊，我们可以很容易地在我们的同学以及周围的人中找到。
13.My view on Using Mobile Phones
我对学生使用手机的看法
Dear editor, 亲爱的编辑：
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The article gave us two different opinions on whether students should use mobile phones or not.Teachers, students and their parents all have expressed their own attitude.这文章给我们两种不同的观点关于学生是否应该使用手机。教师、学生和他们的父母都有表达自己的态度。As for me, I think students should be allowed to use mobile phones.High-tech communicational machines are needed for students to achieve more news all around the world, especially for the ones who live in school.The huge earthquake in Sichuan on May the 12th, for example, is a piece of terrifying news to all the people.With mobile phones, we can know this more quickly and give them some money, clothes and food as soon as possible.Mobile phones play an important part among the young, too.They can help us to communicate with friends that are away from us easily.And they can help us to tell our parents whether we're in danger, in trouble, or meeting with other problems.至于我，我认为学生应该允许用手机。学生们需要高科技通讯机器来获得更多世界各地的新闻，特别是对于那些住在学校的学生。例如，5月12日四川大地震对所有人来说是一个多么可怕的消息。有了手机，我们可以更迅速的了解并尽快给他们一些钱、衣服和食物。手机在年轻人中扮演了重要的角色。他们可以帮助我们轻易的与远处的朋友交流。他们还可以帮助我们告诉我们的父母我们是否处于危险中，陷入了困境，或遇到别的问题。
Generally speaking, I think, students should use mobile phones.总的来说，我觉得学生应该用手机。
14.Make Friends
交朋友
Friendship is essential in one’s life.A person without friends will not get happiness in his life.So we need to make friends.友谊对人的一声是很重要的。一个没有朋友的人，他的人生不会幸福。所以我们需要交朋友。
Friends can help us know more variety people, open our vision.We can learn a lot of things from them.The most obvious thing is we all are the apple of our parents’ eyes.They will do everything to make us happy.As a result, we are growing as the flowers in the greenhouse.We can’t live without our parents.However, we can learn to communicate ,learn to care others and learn to be independence through friends.So I think making friends is very important.朋友可以让我们认识更多不同的人，开阔我们的视野。我们从朋友身上可以学到很多东西。最明显的是我们都是父母的掌上明珠。他们会尽一切努力来使我们快乐。这样，我们就像是温室里的花朵。没有父母我们根本就活不下去。但是，通过交朋友我们可以学会沟通，学会关心他人，学会独立。所以我认为交朋友是很重要的。
Making friends is good , but it doesn’t mean that people should make friends with any person.Some people will do harm to us.As the saying goes, ”A friend in need is a friend indeed.” If a friend abandons you in the difficulty.Personally speaking, he doesn’t deserve your friendship.交朋友是好的，但这并不意味着人们应该与所有人交朋友。有些人对我们是有害的。俗话说，“患难见真情。”如果一个在困境的时候抛弃你的朋友。就我个人而言，他是不值得拥有你的友谊的。
In a word, making friends with right people is full of benefit.总之，跟对的人交朋友是很有用的。
15.My Teacher 我的老师
My English teacher, Mr.Jones, is a middle-aged man with thick glasses above his nose.We all like his classes, for he is always very active and has many ways to make his lessons lively and interesting.After class, he often plays table tennis with us.And at night, he usually works late and prepares the lessons carefully.When we told him that we had passed the entrance examination of senior middle school, he Was so happy that he jumped like a child.We all get along well with him.All of us still miss him very much after we have left the junior middle school.我的英语老师，琼斯是一个中年男子，他的鼻子上架着一副眼镜。我们都喜欢上他的课，因为他总是很活泼，6 / 15
有很多方法使他的课上的生动有趣。课下，他经常和我们一起打桌球。晚上，他经常工作到深夜，认真地备课。当我们告诉他我们已经通过入学考试，考上了高中时，他是如此的高兴以致于象个孩子似的跳了起来。我们和他相处得很好。离开这所中学后，我们每个人依然非常想念他。
16.The Importance of English
英语的重要性
In China, almost all students learn English, no matter they are pupils or undergraduates.Some people think that there is no need for Chinese to learn English, because after graduation, it is no use at all.I don't think so.English is the most widely used language in the world, and most business letters are written in English.With the deepening of reform and opening up, our Chinese and foreign exchanges increase greatly, so English must be the necessity.Besides, learning English well can help us better learn the advanced experience from foreign countries.It's beneficial for us to service our nation.In addition, learning English is a quite funny thing which enable us to explore a wider world.在中国，几乎所有的学生都学英语，不管他们是在校生或是即将毕业。有的人认为中国人学习英语是没有必要的，因为毕业后英语一点用也没有了。我不这么认为。英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言，大部分的商务信函都是用英语写的。随着改革开放的深入，中国和外国之间的交流更多了，所以英语是必要的。此外，学好英语可以帮助我们更好地学习国外经验。对我们报效祖国是有好处的。另外，学习英语是件很有趣的事，它能使我们开拓更宽广的世界。
17.My New Life in Senior School
我的高中新生活
Now, the new semester has begun for more than one week.I gradually adapt to my new life in senior school.In senior school, my biggest feeling is busy, for I have classes all the day and teachers leave us a lot of homework.In the morning, I have two periods for morning reading, Chinese and English, beginning from 7:00.After that, I have four periods in the morning and four other in the afternoon.There are many more subjects than in middle school, Chinese, math, English, physics, chemistry, history and so on.Sometimes, I am afraid of seeing so many textbooks in my desk.In addition, the contents are much more difficult than before.Math and physics are the most difficult ones for me.No matter how hard I work, I still can’t do well in them, which makes me frustrated.Therefore, in the new beginning, I must change my learning strategies to make my work more effective.All in all, my new life in new school is good and rich, though it’s busy.新学期已经开始一个多星期了，我慢慢地适应了高中的新生活。高中给我最大的感觉是忙碌，因为一整天都要上课，老师也会布置很多作业给我们。早上7点开始有两节早读来语文和英语。之后，上午有四节课，下午也有四节课。高中的课程比初中要多得多，如语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、历史等等。有时后我害怕看到我的课桌里有这么多的课本。除此之外，内容也比以前难得多。数学和物理对我来说是最难的。不管我多努力，我还是学不好这两科，这使得我很沮丧。因此，新学期开始我一定要改变我的学习策略，使我的学习更有效。总之，尽管忙碌，我新的学校生活依旧美好充实。
18.Protect the Environment, Starts from me
保护环境，从我做起
We want to hold a green Olympic Games ,so everyone should do something useful to protect the environment ,whether it is big or small.我们要举办一个绿色奥运，每个人都应该做些无论是大或小的有用的事来保护环境。
We should do something to stop people from doing bad things to the environment.We should put rubbish into dustbins instead of throwing it about.Everyone must care for flowers ,grass and tress in public.We should collect things like paper ,plastic bags our neighborhood as well ,it’s necessary to plant more trees every year.7 / 15
我们应该做些什么来阻止人们对环境做一些不好的事情。我们应该把垃圾放进垃圾箱而不是直接扔了，每个人都必须爱护公共场所的花，草，树木。我们应该收集社区的一些像纸，塑料袋的东西，每年种植更多的树是必要的。
It is everyone’s duty to make our neighborhood much better with our hands minds.Let’s make a contribution to protecting the environment and the Olympic Games successfully.用我们的双手和头脑使我们的社区变得更好是我们每一个人的职责。让我们为保护环境做贡献，祝奥运会成功。
19.My Attitude towards Life 我的生活态度
Life is an endless voyage, as there's no destination in our life.Life is also very fickle, since anything may happen in our life.We may be successful or defeated at any time.生活是一段漫长的旅程，因为我们的生活是没有目的地的。生活也很善变，因为在我们的生活中任何事情都有可能发生。我们随时都可能成功或失败。
Sometimes, I have the feeling that I was successful, but that happiest time has already passed away.Sometimes, I feel as if I went to the end of my life, but after a long tour, I find I have a long way to go.I always miss myself in this endless road and I feel very lonely.But in this loneliness, there's nothing to fear.So I have learned to grow up.I have learned to hold back my tears.I have learned to smile to others.有时候，我感觉我要成功了，但那快乐的时光却消逝了。有时，我觉得我已经到生命的尽头了，但经过长时间的旅行，我发现我还有很长的路要走。在这漫长的道路上，我总是想自己，觉得很孤独。但在这孤独中，没有什么好怕的。所以我已经学会了长大。我已经学会了忍住我的眼泪。我已经学会了对他人微笑。
I'm not defeated.However hard the situation is, I will never give up!However hard the situation is, I will never say I can't!However hard the situation is, I will never stop running!Never!我不会被打败的。不管处境有多么艰难，我都不会放弃！不管处境有多么艰难，我绝不会说我不行！不管处境多么困难，我永远不会停止奔跑！绝对不会！
20.An Unforgettable Thing
一件难忘的事
I’m a girl at the age of twelve and in grade six.As our grade six students have to attend the secondary school entrance exam a year later, we have to go to school to take part in the self-study at night.Considering the distance of my home to school, my father decided to teach me ride bikes.我是一个十二岁的六年级女孩。因为我们六年级的学生要参加一年之后的中考，所以我们要去学校参加晚自习。考虑到我家到学校的距离，我爸爸决定教我骑自行车。
It was a Saturday morning.My father told the key point to ride a bike at first.It was be brave and look forward instead of looking the wheels.My father held me and the bike firmly and then I ride it.Though I was afraid, I feel safe with my father around me.A few hours later, I can ride it without my father’s help.I was so happy, but my father was covered with sweat.I never fell off the bike with his protection.Watching my sweating father, I can feel his love for me.那是一个星期六的早晨。我爸爸首先先跟我讲解了骑自行车的要点。那就是勇敢，向前看，而不是看着车轮。我父爸爸把我和自行车都紧紧的抓住后我就开始骑了。我虽然害怕，但是有爸爸在我感到很安全。几个小时后，我可以不用我爸爸的帮助就可以骑它了。我很高兴，但是我爸爸满头大汗。由于爸爸的保护学自行车的过程我从来没有摔倒过。看着满头大汗的爸爸，我感觉到了父爱。
Learning to ride a bike is such a memorable thing that I’ m only master it but also understand the love of my father.学骑自行车是一件难忘的事，这不仅仅是因为我学会了而且还是因为我理解了父爱。
21.Smoking Is Bad for Health
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吸烟有害健康
As we all know, there are many people smoking, although everyone knows smoking is harmful to us.Giving up smoking is not easy but addicted to it is quite easy, that’s why there are more and more people smoking.Smoking and passive smoking is risk factor that leads to various diseases.It has become world’s top 8 causes of death.More than 90% of lung cancer caused by smoking and lung cancer rates of smokers are 18 times over the non-smokers.Besides, smoking also causes angiocardiopathy, digestive system disease, oral disease and so on.In addition, passive smoking causes great concern in recent years.People have known that passive smoking also do great harm to human, too.Therefore, many countries and regions prohibit people from smoking in public zones, in order to reduce the harm of secondhand smoke.From my point of view, the best way to keep healthy is giving up smoke, for smoker’s own good as well as for others.众所周知，即使人们都知道吸烟有害健康，但现在依然有很多人吸烟。吸烟容易戒烟难，这就是为什么烟民的数量越来越多的原因。吸烟以及被动吸烟都是导致多种疾病的危险因子，烟草已经成为全球第八大死因。超过90%的肺癌是由吸烟导致的，吸烟者患肺癌的几率是非吸烟者的18倍之多。此外，吸烟也会导致心血管病、消化系统疾病、口腔疾病等。此外，被动吸烟在近些年也引起了人们很多的关注，它也会对人体造成危害。因此，为了减少二手烟伤害，许多国家和地区都禁止人们在公共场所吸烟。我认为，维持健康的最好办法就是戒烟，为了自己也为了他人的健康着想。
22.To Form A Good Study Habit 养成良好的学习习惯
Nowadays, every student pays enough attention to study habit because of its importance.As for me, I have three ways to improve my study habits.现在，每个学生都很注意学习习惯，因为它很重要。对我而言，我有三种方法来改善我的学习习惯。
Firstly, make a plan for my study.The plan, I think, should include both the timetable, the regular and extra practice items.And the plan should be updated according to the progress of my study from time to time.Once the plan made, I follow it strictly.首先，给我的学习制定一个计划。我认为计划应该包括时间表，规律和额外的实践项目。而且，计划应该根据学习的进步时而不时地更新。一旦制定了计划，就要严格执行。
Secondly, make full use of the time in the class.I take notes of the important points of every class.I do not talk about anything that has nothing to do with the class.More importantly, I pay all my attention to the class and listen to the teacher carefully.其次，要充分利用课堂上的时间。我每一节课的重点我都做好笔记。课堂上我不讨论与课堂无关的事情。更重要的是，我我全神贯注于课堂，认真听老师讲课。
Thirdly, critical study is also very important.It means that we should not accept anything blindly and with careful thought.Everything is not absolutely correct in the world and everything is changing.We can find many answers to a question.If we think critically, we may find many possibilities to solve a problem.再次，批判性学习也很重要。这意味着我们不应该不经过认真思考就盲目接受一切。世界上的每一件事都不是绝对正确的，每件事都是时刻变化着的。同一个问题我们可以找到很多种答案。入股我们进行批判性的思考，我们就会发现解决问题的很多种可能。
23.Habits习惯
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed.When a person does a certain thing again and again, he’ll be obliged to do it in the same way by some unseen force.Thus habit is formed.Once a habit is formed, it is difficult and sometimes almost impossible to get rid of it.It is.therefore very important that we should take care in the formation of habits.习惯，不管是好是坏，都是逐渐形成的。当一个人反复的做某件事时，他就会被某种看不见的力量驱使不得不
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以同样的方式再去做这件事，于是习惯就形成了。习惯一旦形成，就很难、有时几乎不可能改掉。因此，在养成习惯时我们都应该特别小心，这一点至关重要。
Good habits have many advantages.Going to bed early and getting up early makes us healthy.Diligence helps to succeed.Honesty helps: win the respect and trust of others.良好习惯有着许多优点。早睡早起身体好；勤奋助人成功；诚实助人赢得他人的尊重和信任。If we form bad habits, such as rudeness, laziness, lying and stealing, we might be mined by them.如果我们养成了坏习惯，比如：粗野、懒惰、说谎、偷窃，我们就可能堕落。
We ought to keep away from bad habits and try to acquire habits good for ourselves and others.我们应该远离坏习惯并努力养成对己对人都有好处的习惯。
24.Smoking and health
吸烟与健康
Everyone knows smoking is bad for health.People who smoke too much may not live long.Millions of people die from smoking each year.每个人都知道吸烟有害健康。吸烟过多的人大多都活不长。每年有数百万人死于吸烟。
Smoking causes many illnesses.Those who often smoke have bad teeth.A lot of people always cough because of smoking.One of the most serious illnesses that are caused by smoking is lung cancer.Many people suffer from this terrible disease and lose their lives.吸烟能导致许多疾病。那些经常吸烟的人牙齿不好。许多烟民也因吸烟而常常咳嗽吸烟引起的最严重的疾病之一是肺癌。许多人被这种可怕的疾病夺去了生命。
Smoking is not only bad for smokers, but also bad for non-smokers, especially women and children.They may get their health harmed because of the smoke caused by cigarettes.吸烟不仅有害烟民的健康，也毒害着不吸烟的人，尤其是妇女儿童。吸烟产生的毒气很可能使他们的健康受到侵害。
Smoking is no good for health.I hope all the smokers can give up smoking for themselves and also for the people around them.Let’s enjoy clean air together.吸烟对健康百害而无一益。我希望所有的烟民能为了自己和周围的人的健康而戒烟。让我们共享清新洁净的空气吧！
25.My Summer Holiday Plan
我的暑假计划
Here comes the summer holiday, I have planned a busy schedule on it.暑假就要到来了，我已经为它制定了一个忙绿的计划表了。
Firstly, I will find a part time job, probably work in a factory which is near my home, so that I can accompany with my parents.Secondly, I have joined a violin course in the previous time, because I have interest on it.therefore, I will do more practice at home by myself.As an old saying goes, practice makes perfect.At the end of the holiday, it’s time for me to have a good time.I tend to go on a trip with my friends, maybe Yunnan or other wonderful places.Travel to the place I have never been to certainly can broaden my mine.首先，我会找一份兼职，也许在我家附近的工厂工作，这样我就可以陪陪我父母。其次，之前我参加了一个小提琴的培训班，因为我对它很有兴趣。所以，我会在家多多联系。因为正如谚语所说的，熟能生巧。在假期末尾的时候，我会去好好地玩一玩。我比较想和朋友去旅行，也许去云南，也许是其他地方。去那些我从来没去过的地方肯定可以开拓我的视野。
Make a good plan and enjoy it.I hope we all can have a meaningful holiday.制定一个好的计划并玩得开心。我希望大家都能有一个有意义的假期。
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26.Give up Smoking
远离香烟
Nowadays, many school students smoke, and the number is growing increasingly, which makes school and parents worried.如今，很多在校学生吸烟，而且人数不断增长，学校和家长对此很担心。
According to a survey, more than two fifths of the students smoke in a school.They often get extra money from their parents to pay for cigarette, but their parents usually do not realize it.Even, some students steal money to buy cigarette, which is really a serious event.For middle school students, smoking do more harm to them than to adults, which is not only harmful to the body, but also detrimental to thinking.Furthermore, smoking is also harmful to others.Experts say that the second-hand smoke do more harm to others than the smoker.据调查，超过五分之二的学生在校吸烟。他们经常从父母那里得到额外的钱去买香烟，但是父母通常没有察觉到这一情况。有的学生甚至投钱来买香烟，这种情况真的很严重。对中学生来说，吸烟对他们的伤害比成年人更多，这不仅对身体有害而且对思维也有害。另外，吸烟对别人也是有害的。专家说，二手烟对别人的害处比对吸烟者的害处更大。
In short, smoking is a bad habit which wastes of money as well as do harm to health.总之，吸烟是一个不良习惯，既浪费钱又有害健康。
27.About Myself
自我介绍
My name is Simon.I'm 24 years old now.I'm from Changsha University.I major in English, because I have the gift for language study.我叫西蒙。我现在已经24岁了。我来自长沙大学。我的专业是英语，因为我有学习语言的天赋。
In my opinion, English is well-known all around the world.If I can speak excellent English, I could travel to everywhere in the world without language barriers.Now I can speak English like an American.Most of my classmates always envy my oral English.在我看来，英语是全世界都出名的。如果我能讲一口流利的英语，我可以没有语言障碍在世界各地旅行。现在我英语说得像美国人一样。我的大多数同学都羡慕我的英语口语。
I like traveling very much.Through traveling, I can widen my perspective and know more about our world.Now I have been to so many cities, such as Guangzhou, Zhuhai, and Zhongshan.These cities are nice, clean and modern.我非常喜欢旅游。通过旅游我可以开阔我的视野更加的了解这个世界。我到现在为止去过很多城市，如广州，珠海，中山。这些城市是很好，干净的和现代化的。
I think I'm easy-going and hard-working.When I'm at work, I always try my best to do everything well.I never let others do anything that I can do, and I never put off today's work to tomorrow.When you have difficulties, I’m eager to give you a hand if I'm able to.I hope I can be your best friend.我觉得我很随和，勤奋。我在工作时，总会尽我最大的努力把一切事情办好。我不会让别人来替我做我能做的事情，我从来不会把今天的工作留到明天。当你有困难时，如果可以的话我很愿意帮忙。我希望我能成为你最好的朋友。
28.How to Make Friends
如何交朋友
Everyone needs friends.A friend can give us help and share our difficulties and happiness.But how can we make friends? First, to make friends, you must be friendly to others.Smile at others and you are sure to get a smile in return.Second, friends should negotiate instead of quarrel.When you don't agree someone, please discuss with him.Finally，11 / 15
never believe in those who leave you when you are in trouble.And never leave your friend when he is in trouble.Remember, a friend in need is a friend indeed.Friends should be faithful to each other.So long as you can put your friend's interests in front of yours, you will have a lot of good friends.人人都需要、朋友。朋友可以给我们以帮助，与我们共事困难和快乐。但是，怎样交朋友呢?交朋友首先要对别人友善。你对别人微笑；肯定别人也会报以微笑。其次，朋友之间应该商量而不是争吵。当与别人有分歧时，要和他一起讨论。最后，不要相信那些在危急关头背离你的人，也不要在朋友危难时离开他。记住：患难之中见真情。朋友应该以诚相待。只要你把朋友的利益置于你的利益之上，你就会拥有好多好朋友。
29.Cherish Time 珍惜时间
If you ask me what is the most precious, I would say that it’s time.Time is something once lost, you could never have again.Therefore, we should cherish it and spend it in meaningful things.However, many people do too many meaningless things to kill their time, such as playing computer, watching TV, or gossiping.When you do these things, the time has long been unwittingly flowed away.In my opinion, the best way to make full use of time is planning your time rationally and sticking the plan firmly.Spending more time on something significant not only will make your life fulfilling, but also will give you a sense of accomplishment.Instead, killing your time with meaningless things would bring you depression even despair.Remember that those who abandon time will be also abandoned by time.如果你问我什么东西是最宝贵的，我会说是时间。它是你一旦失去就再也得不到的东西。因此，我们都应该学会珍惜时间，把时间用在有意义的事情上。但是，很多人却做了许多无意义的事情来消磨时光，比如玩电脑、看电视或者说闲话。当你在做这些事情的时候，时间早已在不知不觉间流走了。在我看来，最好的珍惜时间的做法是合理安排时间，并坚决按照计划行事。把时间用在有意义的事情上，不仅会让你的生活更充实，也会给你带来成就感。相反，若是用那些无聊的事情消磨时间，则可能会让你觉得沮丧甚至绝望。记住，抛弃时间的人，时间也抛弃他。
30.Impact of Using Ipad on Teenagers 使用iPad对青少年的影响
Ipad is a fashionable product.Many people are crazy about it, including the youngsters.It seems cool to have an Ipad.But, it's really good to the youngsters? Ipad是新潮玩意，很多人为之疯狂，尤其是年轻人。拥有一台ipad，听上去很酷，但是是否对年轻人就是件好事呢? Ipad has various functions.It is diverse and it's easier to carry than the computer.As to study, it makes learning easy, funny and interesting.It's able to broaden students' knowledge.However, its disadvantages seem obvious, too.People can play games and search the Internet by Ipad, so some students may be addicted to the games, which will do harm to their study.Furthermore, the Ipad is not cheap that it would make students compare to others.Students may feel proud to have an Ipad.Ipad有很多功能，比电脑更便于携带。用于学习时，它使学习更简单，更有趣味性。它能拓展学生的知识面。然而它的缺点也很明显，它可以用来上网玩游戏，所以学生很容易沉迷游戏，对他们的学习不利。其次，ipad价格也挺贵，容易引起学生攀比，以拥有ipad为傲。
All in all, Ipad is a high-tech product.No matter who should use it properly.总之，ipad是高科技产品，不管对谁，都得使用得当。
31.My Childhood
我的童年
I was born in a small county which is poor.Therefore, there were no beautiful clothes or many toys.Before I went to school at six, I only played with my peers nearby.It was such a wonderful period that I would never forget.We always
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made our toys independently, which cost no money at all.Sometimes, parents would help making toys as well.We could play from morning to night until parents told us to go home for dinner.However, as a rural child, I must help my parents doing farm work in the busy season, such as planting and harvesting.Besides, my mother is a teacher.Therefore, she began to teach me to read and count when I was three, so I had to spend some time I study.Now, remembering it, I feel much happy rather than upset.我出生在一个贫困的小农村里，因此不能拥有漂亮的衣服和玩具。在我六岁上学之前，我都是和邻居的同龄小朋友玩，那是一段我无法忘怀的快乐的岁月。我们通常都是自己做玩具，不花一分钱，有的时候我们的父母也会给我们做一些玩具。那个时候，我们可以从早晨玩到天黑，直到爸爸妈妈叫我们回家吃饭。但是，作为一个农村的孩子，在农忙的时候我也必须要帮忙家里干些农活，像是种植和收割这些。另外，我的妈妈是一名老师，因此在我三岁的时候她就开始教我识字、算术了，所以我还要花些时间在学习上。现在，回想起这些，我更多的是快乐，而不是烦恼。
32.The First Day in High School 高中第一天
Today was the first day of my new life.I looked at my new books and checked everything for the new school year.I was excited as well as worried.今天是我新生活的第一天，我翻看我的新课本，检查了新学年的一切。我既激动又担心。
Entering new school, I was curious about everything, new classrooms, new teachers, new classmates etc.It would be a new start for each student.And what I was worried about is that I had no friends here.I wondered if no liked to play with me.Were the teachers strict with students? 进入新的学校，我对所有事情都很好奇，新的教室，新的老师，新的同学等等。这对每个学生来说都是一个新的开始。我所担心的是在这没有朋友。我想知道是不是没有人喜欢和我玩。老师对学生是不是很严厉? I fell relaxed when the teacher asked me, ''What else could I help you, freshman?".I found that the teachers were kind and polite, and the classmates around me were friendly.While I was thinking about how to get on well with my classmates, my desk mate showed me his favorite Ipad4s.He wanted to play with me, but I didn't know how to play, so he taught me patiently, and we played happily.当老师问我：“我能够帮你什么吗，新同学?”的时候，我一下子觉得放松了。我发现老师很善良很有礼貌，周围的同学也很友善。正当我想着怎样和同学相处的时候，我的同桌给我看他最爱的Ipad4s。他想和我一起玩，但是我不知道怎么玩，于是他就耐心的教我，然后我们就开心的玩起来。
Worries have gone, and happiness is coming.忧虑已经消失了，幸福即将来临。
33.An Announcement
通知
May I have your attention, please? Next Saturday we will pay a visit to the Windows of the World.So we should gather at the school gate at 8 a.m.on May 1st.And then we will go there by bus.All of us are asked to hand in 30 yuan for the ticket, wear school uniform and take water and lunch by ourselves.After getting into the Windows of the World, we can visit freely and take photos.请注意!下星期六我们要参观世界之窗。所以我们应在5月1日早晨8点在学校门口集合，然后乘车去那儿。我们每人交30元门票钱。每个人都要穿校服，自带水和午饭。进入世界之窗后，我们可以自由参观、拍照。
We will get back at 6 p.m.by bus.Don't be late.我们会在下午6点乘车返回。不要迟到。That's all.Thank you for your attention.完了。谢谢!
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34.Views on Middle School Students' Using Cellphone
对中学生使用手机的看法
Cellphones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students at present.About that,people have different opinions.目前，手机在中学生中变得越来越普遍。关于这个问题，人们有不同的看法。
Some think it is good for students to bring a cellphone because it's more convenient to contact to each other.But othersdo not think so.They think it is bad for students to bring acellphone.Because the students will use mobile phones to play games, sent text messages, watch movies and so on,which will do harm to their study.Andthe teacher and students would be disturbed if cellphone ring during the class time.In my opinion, bringing cellphones to school is not a bad thing if we make the best use of it.有的人认为携带手机对学生有好处，因为这更便于他们相互联系。但是其他人不这么认为。他们认为携带手机对学生有害。因为学生会用手机玩游戏，发短信，看电影等等，这对他们的学习是有害的。而且，如果上课的时候手机响会打扰到老师和同学。我认为，如果我们合理利用它，带手机到学校并不见得是件坏事。
As we all know, a cellphone is one of the quickest tools for us to exchange information in 21st century.Ifthere’san accident, it's more convenient to dial for help immediately.What's more, we can use cellphones for relaxing ourselves a little bit when we're tired of studies.In my mind, it's not wrong to follow the cellphone fashion, but the most important thing is to know how to use them in a right way.我们都知道，在21世纪手机是我们交流信息最快捷的工具。如果发生事故，手机更方便我们立即拨打电话求助。另外，当我们学习觉得累的时候可以用手机来给稍微放松一下。在我看来，跟随手机时尚并没有错，但是最重要的是懂得正确使用它们。
35.Online Shopping 网上购物
With the development of Internet, more and more people tend to shop on the Internet.Online shopping has provided some benefits for us, but it also has some disadvantages at the same time.随着互联网的发展，越来越多的人喜欢在网上购物。网购给我们带来了一些好处，但是它同时也有一些缺点。For one thing, online shopping has brought some convenience for consumers.Instead of going one shop to another, people can choose and buy all kinds of commodities they like as long as they click the mouse gently.This is not only a better choice for the old who do not have enough energy to go outside but also a great convenience for those who have no time to go shopping in person.In addition, consumers have more choices and can do some comparison when they are shopping on the Internet.They can glance over various commodities in all shapes, sizes and colors and decided to buy or not.Furthermore, online shopping has made a great contribution to the development of express delivery industry.一方面，网上购物给消费者带来了一些方便。人们不再是逛一个个店，人们只需要轻轻点鼠标就可以选择购买他们想要的商品。这不仅对没有精力外出的老人来说是一个更好的选择，而且对那些没有时间独自出去购物的人来说也很方便。另外，消费者在网上购物的时候有更多的选择，也可以多做对比。他们可以浏览各种商品的所有型号，尺寸，颜色然后决定要不要买。另外，网上购物对快递行业的发展做出了很大的贡献。
However, for another, shopping on the Internet also has some shortcomings.Firstly, those who shop on the Internet can’t try the goods before they buy.Sometimes, the real goods are not the same as the goods they see on the Internet.Secondly, some shops on the Internet are dishonest and they would not deliver the goods after paying.And if this situation happens, the consumers would find nowhere to complain and never pull out the money any longer.然而，另一方面，网上购物也有一些缺点。首先，那些在网上购物的人不能够在买之前试一下商品。有时候，食物和我们在网上看到的物品是不一样的。其次，网上有的店是不诚实的，付款后他们不会发货。如果发生了这种情况，消费者就会找不到地方抱怨，就拿不回钱了。
Therefore, we should pay more attention when shopping on the Internet.14 / 15
因此，当我们网购的时候应该多注意。
36.What Is Happiness?
什么是快乐? Many people believe that having a lot of money is the greatest happiness in life.But I don't agree with them, because money is not everything.Money can't make us a true man.很多人认为拥有很多钱是人生最大的幸福。但我不同意他们的想法，因为钱不是一切。金钱不能使我们成为一个真正的男人。
The way I see it, good health is much better than a lot of wealth.No matter how much money we have, we’ll not feel happy at all if we are in poor health.In order to be healthy, we must keep a positive attitude and have a good living habit.在我看来，健康比财富更重要。如果不健康，不管有多少钱，我们都不会快乐。为了保持健康，我们必须要保持积极的态度，形成良好的生活习惯。
Apart from good health, we must be diligent at work.As long as we work hard, we cannot just make a good living, but enrich our minds.除了良好的健康，我们必须勤奋工作。只要我们努力工作，我们不仅可以过上好生活，而且还可以丰富思想。Additionally, we ought to give our helpful hands to others when they are in need.While helping others, we can own a good fame as well as get more social experience.It's really a good way to kill two birds with one stone.Only by doing so can we enjoy the happiest life.此外，我们应该在别人需要帮助的时候帮助别人。在帮助他人的同时，我们可以拥有一个好名声，并获得更多的社会经验。这真是一举两得的好方法。只有这样我们才能享受幸福的生活。
37.Introducing Yourself 自我介绍
My name is Li Ming.I am a student of Beijing No.101 Senior Middle School and will graduate this July.I'd like to apply for a position in your school as an English teacher.我叫李明，是北京101中学的学生，将于今年7月毕业。我打算申请贵校英语教师的职位。
I have been learning English for nearly 10 years, starting my first study at the age of 9.My English test scores were quite good, and I often earned praise from my teachers.I won first place at the spoken English competition of the school last year.我从9岁起学习英语，迄今已经近10年了。我的英语考试成绩一直很好，并经常受到老师的表扬。在去年的全校英语口语竞赛中荣获第一名。
What is more, I like English very much and spend all my spare time studying English-listening to English broadcast every day, read two or three English articles and take every chance to practice my spoken English.更重要的是，我非常喜欢英语，把自己的业余时间都用于学习英语棗坚持每天收听英语广播，阅读2-3篇英语文章，利用每一个机会练习英语口语。
I love the work of an English teacher.I will do my best to be helpful to my students if I can have the position.I hope you will give favorable consideration to my application.Thank you for your time and attention.我热爱英语教师这一职业，如果我得到这份工作，我将竭尽全力帮助我的学生。恳请校方考虑我的申请。谢谢费心！
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第五篇：BOT常见投融资模式
BOT常见投融资模式介绍
为便于投资者投资，在这里为大家介绍几种目前国际上比较流行的投融资模式。
1、BOT及其变种
BOT是“建设—经营—转让”的英文缩写，指的是政府或政府授权项目业主，将拟建设的某个基础设施项目，通过合同约定并授权另一投资企业来融资、投资、建设、经营、维护该项目，该投资企业在协议规定的时期内通过经营来获取收益，并承担风险。政府或授权项目业主在此期间保留对该项目的监督调控权。协议期满根据协议由授权的投资企业将该项目转交给政府或政府授权项目业主的一种模式。适用于对现在不能盈利而未来却有较好或一定的盈利潜力的项目，其运作结构如下图所示。
在BOT模式的基础上，又衍生出了BOOT、BOO等相近似的模式，这些一般被看作是BOT的变种，它们之间的区别主要在于私人拥有项目产权的完整性程度不同：
BOOT、BOO与BOT的比较
2、BT融资模式
BT（建设—转让）是BOT的一种演化模式，其特点是协议授权的投资者只负责该项目的投融资和建设，项目竣工经验收合格后，即由政府或授权项目业主按合同规定赎回。适用于建设资金来源计划比较明确，而短期资金短缺经营收益小或完全没有收益的基础设施项目。
碳贷通：节能项目贷款，免抵押、零首付、二周内资金全额到账 碳险通：节能项目保险，节能能力全责保险、项目收益权保险 节能技术方案保险机构、银行机构认可认证
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（1）适用范围
根据政府面临的任务目标和项目特点，涉及的适用范围总体上讲是前期工作成熟到位、急需投资建设，建设资金回收有保障，但回收时间较长（一般10年以上），资金筹措中长期较好可行，银行融资当前较困难。使用范围内容包括：土地储备整治及开发（BT）；城镇供水项目(BT或BOT)；污水处理项目(BT或BOT)；水电，特别是小水电开发(BT或BOT)；河堤整治开发建设(BT)；部分水源建设项目(BT)。
（2）采用BOT、BT要注意的主要问题和对策措施
采用BOT、BT有助于缓解水利建设项目业主一段时间特别是当前资金困难。但具体操作中存在项目确定、招标选代理业主、与中标者谈判、签署与BOT、BT有关的合同、移交项目等多个阶段，涉及政府许可、审批、标的确定等诸多环节。其中BT方式还存在到期必须回购付款的资金压力。这些都需要注意应对，确定相应的对策措施。
A.完善机制，寻求法律支持
项目的谈判中、签订中、履行中以及转让中寻求法律的支持是客观的需要，这对于项目的健康有序运行十分必要。
①在项目的谈判中
当采用BOT、BT方式融资进行基础设施建设时，应请律师参与商务谈判、起草法律文件、提供法律咨询、提出司法建议等。
碳贷通：节能项目贷款，免抵押、零首付、二周内资金全额到账 碳险通：节能项目保险，节能能力全责保险、项目收益权保险 节能技术方案保险机构、银行机构认可认证
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如果是通过招标投标方式从优确定投资者。应依据《中华人民共和国招标投标法》审查整个招投标过程，特别是对开标过程的真实性、合法性进行现场公证。
②在协议签订中
BOT、BT项目企业确定后，项目业主应与该项目承包商签订《投资建设合同书》，这个合同书是BOT、BT项目的核心协议，此后的一系列协议，都应依据此合同展开。项目业主应运用法律程序(如公证方式)从形式要件、实质要件上，确保这一合同的真实合法有效。如果项目承包商由多家投资者组成，投资者之间也必须提交联合的法律文书。依照国际惯例，各类法律文书都应办理公证，使BOT、BT项目更趋规范化。
③在项目转让过程中
BOT、BT项目的投资方完成项目工程建设后，提出书面申请，由政府组织交工验收。验收合格后，BT方式的投资方可申请BT移交；BOT方式的项目进入经营，到期后提出移交。在项目转让过程中，应请法律机构或公证机构参与。
B.给予BOT、BT项目承包商比较合理的条件
以BOT、BT方式进行基础设施建设，建设周期长、投资回收慢，投资者对项目带不走，相比有的投入产出企业，BOT、BT项目企业承担的风险更大。所以应制定对BOT、BT方式投资者比较合理的承包条件，如：价格、融资的财务费用、支付条件等，以消除BOT、BT项目投资者的顾虑。把BOT、BT项目投资者降低工程质量、加大建设费用等方式提前收回投资转移到以确定的合同条件上来。
C.强化对项目的监督
强化对BOT、BT项目的监督。可通过以下途径监督：
①确定指标
要确定项目的建设规模、建设内容、建设标准、投资额、工程时间节点及完工日期，并确认投资方投资额等，并明确规定每一指标的上、下限。设立相应的资产、质量状况指标。如施工队伍与承包人没有直接的隶属关系，且独立管理或承担某一部分施工的，应视为分包。
②严格监督
负责项目的全过程监督。对项目的设计、项目招投标、施工进度、建设质量等进行监督与管理，有权向投资方提出管理上、组织上、技术上的整改措施。
③强化法律
若发生私自更改或超过规定数量的可诉之法律。实行建设市场准入制度，在施工过程中，监理工程师如发现承包人有分包嫌疑时有权进行调查核实，承包人应提供有关资料并配合调查。如分包成立则按违约处理。
D.注重风险防范设立相应的资产、质量状况指标。
首先是组建一个专业小组，形成依据完善防范风险的合同条件；其次是充分预见经济、技术、质量、融资等各类可能存在的风险，拟定相应的风险回避对策；再是力求各种审批和法律手续完善，做到公平、公正、公开。
3、ABS
ABS是(Asset-Backed-Securieization)即“资产证券化”的简称。这是近年来出现的一种新的基础设施融资方式，其基本形式是以项目资产为基础并以项目资产的未来收益为保证，通过在国内外资本市场发行成本较低的债券进行筹融资。规范的ABS融资通常需要组建一个特别用途公司(Special Purpose Corpration，SPC)；原始权益人(即拥有项目未来现金流量所有权的企业)以合同方式将其所拥有的项目资产的未来现金收入的权利转让给SPC，实现原始权益人本身的风险与项目资产的风险隔断；然后通过信用担保，SPC同其它机构组织债券发行，将发债募集的资金用于项目建设，并以项目的未来收益清偿债券本息。ABS融资方式，具有以下特点：与通过在外国发行股票筹资比较，可以降低融资成本；与国际银行直接 信贷比较，可以降低债券利息率；与国际担保性融资比较，可以避免追索性风险；与国际间双边政府贷款比较，可以减少评估时间和一些附加条件。其运作流程可简要图示如下：
在西方，ABS广泛应用于排污、环保、电力、电信等投资规模大、资金回收期长的城市基础设施项目。
4、TOT是“移交－经营－移交（Transfer-Operate-Transfer）”的简称，具体是指中方在与外商签订特许经营协议后，把已经投产运行的交通基础设施项目移交给外商经营，凭借该设施在未来若干年内的收益，一次性地从外商手中融得一笔资金，用于建设新的交通基础设施项目；特许经营期满后，外商再把该设施无偿移交给中方。
5、PPP项目融资模式
PPP为“公私合伙制”，指公共部门通过与私人部门建立伙伴关系提供公共产品或服务的一种方式。PPP包含BOT、TOT等多种模式，但又不同于后者，更加强调合作过程中的风险分担机制和项目的货币价值(value for money)原则。PPP模式是公共基础设施建设中发展起来的一种优化的项目融资与实施模式，这是一种以各参与方的“双赢”或“多赢”为合作理念的现代融资模式。其典型的结构为： 特许经营类项目需要私人参与部分或全部投资，并通过一定的合作机制与公共部门分担项目风险、共享项目收益。根据项目的实际收益情况，公共部门可能会向特许经营公司收取一定的特许经营费或给予一定的补偿，这就需要公共部门协调好私人部门的利润和项目的公益性两者之间的平衡关系，因而特许经营类项目能否成功在很大程度上取决于政府相关部门的管理水平通过建立有效的监管机制，特许经营类项目能充分发挥双方各自的优势，节约整个项目的建设和经营成本，同时还能提高公共服务的质量。
6、基础设施产业投资基金即组建基金管理公司，向特定或非特定投资者发行基金单位设立基金，将资金分散投资于不同的基础设施项目上，待所投资项目建成后通过股权转让实现资本增值，其收益与风险由投资者共享、共担。这一方式的优点在于可以集聚社会上分散资金用于基础设施建设。其操作模式如下：
7、以“设施使用协议”为载体融资。投资者事先同项目设施使用者签署“设施使用协议”并获付费承诺，然后组建项目公司，项目公司以使用协议作为融资载体来安排融资。其信用保证主要来自于“设施使用协议”中使用者的无条件付费承诺，在具体的融资结构设计中往往把使用协议做成一个实际上的项目债务融资担保或信用增强途径。此种方式较适合于资本密集、收益较低但相对稳定的基础设施项目，如石油、天然气管道项目、港口设施等。
8、民间主动融资(Private Finance Initiative，PFI)即对于公益性的基础设施项目，政府通过项目招标的方式确定民间投资主体，并授权后者负责项目的融资、建设与运行，作为对该民间投资主体的回报，政府在授权期限内每年以财政性资金向其支付一定的使用费或租赁费，授权经营期结束时，民间投资主体无偿转让项目给政府。PFI融资方式与BOT方式有类似之处(两者均涉及项目的“建设——经营——转让”)，但在PFI中，最终是由政府支付项目建设、维护费用，相当于是政府购买服务，而BOT属于项目融资方式。由此PFI主要用于一些不收费的项目，如免费的桥梁、隧道等，而BOT适用于具有收费条件的基础设施项目，如收费的桥梁等。
9、使用者付费模式(User Reimbursement Model，URM)是指政府通过招标的方式选定合适的基础设施项目民间投资主体，同时，政府制定合理的受益人收费制度并通过一定的技术手段将上述费用转移支付给项目的民间投资者，作为购买项目服务的资金。其运作流程如下图所示：
在URM模式下，与BOT一样，资金的平衡来自于项目的收费，但与BOT不同的是，此种模式中的产品和服务的收费是在政府的中介下完成的。对于一些不适合私人直接进行收费、市场风险较大的基础设施项目，如污染治理工程等，比较适合采用URM方式来运作。
10、影子收费融资模式（shadow tolling）是指对于公益性的基础设施项目，政府通过项目招标的方式确定民间投资主体，并授权后者负责项目的融资、建设、与运营，作为对该民间主体的回报，政府在授权期限内每年以财政性资金或其他形式基金向其支付一定的补偿费用，补偿其免费为公众提供服务应得的利益；授权经营期结束时，民间投资主体无偿转让项目给政府。
（1）适用范围
BOT、BT模式在一般情况下的确可以有效利用外资和民间资本，但是它有一个不可逾越的条件，就是要对基础设施的使用者直接征收费用（或政府一次性必须给出很大一笔钱来收购该基础设施），对于基础设施项目来说，这种征收可能直接降低基础设施的使用效率，显著的例子就是交通基础设施。
BOT工程较适宜于市场需求大，并且较具经营性价值的公共建设，如收费道路、发电厂等，便于拿营运收入回收投资成本。而对于一些无法向使用者直接收费的城市非经营性公共工程，如一般公路、桥梁等，则采用“影子收费”的方式更加适合，由民间资本先行垫付经费，承担建设期间成本，政府可延后公共建设的财务支出，以纾解短期的财务负担。而政府虽然仍有财政负担，但有最大的负担上限，经营方保证稳定收益的同时，也可以通过成本规划达成利润极大。这样既可吸引投资，又转移了营运风险，像英国道路建设的主要就是采用了“影子收费”的激励机制。
碳贷通：节能项目贷款，免抵押、零首付、二周内资金全额到账 碳险通：节能项目保险，节能能力全责保险、项目收益权保险 节能技术方案保险机构、银行机构认可认证
电话：0755-82722776
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（2）采用影子收费融资模式的给付结构分析
①组建DBFO公司
对于交通设施项目，采取授予DBFO(Design-Build-Finance-Operate，设计-建设-融资-运营)特许权的形式，并要求民间投资主体按照要求组建项目公司，通常称为DBFO公司，借此私人部门可以在规定的授权期限内设计、建设、融资和运营该项目，其运作流程如下图所示。
图：影子收费方式下基础设施建设融资的运作流程
②影子收费融资模式与BOT、BT等融资方式的区别
在影子收费融资模式下，对于使用者并不直接向运营者付费，而是由政府根据设施的交通流量和预先商榷好的费率向运营者支付使用费的方式就是影子收费，也可以说补偿补偿费用的给付结构便是影子收费结构，通常在DBFO合约中设定，之所以称其为“影子”，是针对于真实的，如BOT模式中的显示收费而言的。
与BOT、BT等融资方式的区别在于，实质上它没有真正融得资金，最终还是由政府支付项目的建设、运营和维护费用，相当于政府购买服务，只不过政府通过这种方式将支付的时间大大延长了，通常是二十年左右。
③影子收费的给付结构
影子费用的给付是为了对投资商无偿为公众提供服务进行补偿，因此其建立在过往车辆的类型和数量的基础上。影子费用的给付通常从交通设施提供服务那天开始，这样做的目的是为了激励投资商尽快完成工程，对公众开放。
表：影子收费的给付结构
（3）影子收费方式的风险分担
对于政府而言，项目基本上由政府部门转向了私人部门，因为整个项目由私人部门负责建设、运营和维护并筹措相关成本费用；政府仅承担交通风险，原因是影子费用的给付与交通流量相关，如果交通流量始终处于第二区间，那么政府给付的额度就会比较多，但由于给付始终在政府承受范围之内，所以相对于私人部门而言，政府承担的风险还是要小得多。但是高收益必定伴随着高风险，通过采取各种方法评估和规避风险之后，影子收费依然是一个对投资商有足够吸引力的参与基础设施建设的途径。
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