第一篇:2011.4温家宝在印尼卡尔蒂妮宫的演讲
2011年4月30日,国务院总理温家宝在印度尼西亚雅加达卡尔蒂妮宫发表了题为《加强睦邻友好 深化互利合作》的演讲。演讲全文如下:
Visiting Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao Saturday delivered a speech on ties with Indonesia and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)at Balai Kartini here.The following is the full text of Wen's speech:
加强睦邻友好 深化互利合作 ——在印尼卡尔蒂妮宫的演讲 中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝
2011年4月30日,雅加达
Strengthen Good-Neighborly Relations and Deepen Mutually Beneficial Cooperation
--Speech at Balai Kartini of Indonesia
by Premier Wen Jiabao Jakarta, April 30, 2011 尊敬的马蒂外长,各位外国使节,青年朋友们,女士们,先生们:
Foreign Minister Marty Natalegawa, Your Excellencies Diplomatic Envoys, Young Friends, Ladies and Gentlemen,我非常重视这篇演讲,我为这篇演讲几乎准备了一年的时间。我要告诉大家,一个拥有世界人口最多的国家,它的对内对外政策,特别是对东盟国家的政策。这个国家深刻地懂得“如将不尽,与古为新”,只有开放兼容,国家才能富强,只有坚定不移地走和平发展的道路,才能实现富强、民主、和谐、文明的现代化目标。我是诚恳地谈中国对内对外政策的一些基本观点,所讲的每一句话都是真诚的,只有真诚的话才能打动人。我相信,我能够做一篇好的演讲,不辜负大家的期望。
Good morning.I attach great importance to this speech.I began to prepare it almost a year ago.I want to let you know the domestic and foreign policies of China, the most populous country in the world, particularly its policies toward ASEAN.We in China know full well that only innovation can ensure the continuous progress of a nation, only openness and inclusiveness can bring prosperity to a nation, and only commitment to the path of peaceful development can enable us to achieve the goal of building a strong, democratic, harmonious and culturally advanced modern country.I am being truthful in introducing some basic views concerning China's domestic and foreign policies.Every sentence of mine is truthful, because only truthfulness can move people.I believe I can give a good speech, which will not let you down.我很高兴来到美丽的千岛之国印度尼西亚访问。感谢印尼世界事务委员会为我精心安排了今天的活动。首先,请允许我代表中国人民,向印尼人民致以亲切的问候,向长期致力于两国友好的各界朋友表示衷心的感谢!
It gives me great pleasure to visit Indonesia, the beautiful country of thousand islands.I want to thank the Indonesian Council on World Affairs for its kindness in arranging this event.Let me first of all extend, on behalf of the Chinese people, warm greetings to the people of Indonesia, and sincere thanks to friends from all sectors who have long been committed to the friendship between our two countries.印尼是一个朝气蓬勃、充满希望的发展中大国。近年来,苏西洛总统带领印尼人民,励精图治,勇敢战胜自然灾害,有效应对国际金融危机,经济加快发展、社会保持稳定、民族更加和睦,国家呈现出蒸蒸日上的繁荣景象。作为东盟和20国集团的重要成员,印尼在地区和国际事务中发挥的作用越来越大。我谨对你们取得的卓越成就表示热烈祝贺!
Indonesia is a big developing country full of vigor and promise.Over the past few years, under the leadership of President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, the Indonesian people have engaged in a tremendous endeavor to develop their country.They emerged from the natural disasters stronger and tackled the international financial crisis with effective measures.I see in Indonesia a prospering country enjoying faster economic growth, sustained
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social stability, and greater harmony among ethnic groups.As an important member of ASEAN and the G20, Indonesia is playing a bigger role in regional and international affairs.I wish to take this opportunity to extend warm congratulations on your remarkable achievements.中国和印尼都有着悠久灿烂的文化,日惹的婆罗浮屠佛塔与中国的万里长城都是古代东方文明的奇迹。中国古代佛教高僧法显、会宁、义净曾到爪哇、苏门答腊居住和学习。600年前中国伟大的穆斯林航海家郑和曾在雅加达等地建立多个清真寺,三宝垄至今仍传颂着他与当地人民友好交往的历史佳话。近代以来,两国人民在争取民族独立的艰苦岁月中,相互同情、相互支持,结下了深厚友谊。新中国成立后,印尼是最早与中国建交的国家之一,并且帮助新中国打破西方贸易禁运。对此,中国人民铭记在心。
Both China and Indonesia boast a long and splendid culture.The Borobudur in Yogyakarta and the Great Wall in China are both miracles of ancient Oriental civilizations.Eminent Buddhist monks in ancient China such as Faxian, Huining and Yijing lived and studied in Java and Sumatra.Six hundred years ago, the great Chinese Muslim navigator Zheng He helped build several mosques in places like Jakarta.Today, people in Semarang are still telling stories of how Zheng He, who visited the place during his voyages to the Western Seas, made friends with the local people.In modern times, people of our two nations sympathized with and supported each other during the hard struggles for national independence and forged a strong bond of friendship.As one of the first countries to establish diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China, Indonesia helped New China break the trade embargo imposed by the West.The Chinese people will never forget those episodes.进入新世纪,两国高层往来频繁,政治互信不断增强,经贸合作快速发展。2005年双方战略伙伴关系的确立,标志着两国关系进入了一个新的阶段。去年双边贸易额接近430亿美元,中国成为印尼最主要的贸易伙伴和出口市场之一。面对百年罕见的国际金融危机,两国同舟共济,共克时艰,签署了总额高达1000亿元人民币的双边本币互换协议,为稳定地区金融发挥了积极作用。双方在国际事务中密切沟通协作,提升了发展中国家的影响力。特别值得一提的是,在对方遭受重大自然灾害时,两国人民感同身受,患难与共。2008年中国发生汶川地震时,印尼派出医疗队奔赴灾区。印尼亚齐一位80岁的老村长行程2000多公里,亲手把全村的捐款送到中国驻印尼使馆。2004年印尼发生地震海啸灾害时,中国国际救援队也迅速赶赴灾区救援。这充分表明,中国和印尼是好邻居,更是好兄弟。
Entering the new century, our two countries have enjoyed frequent high-level exchanges, deepening political mutual trust and fast growing business cooperation.The establishment of the strategic partnership in 2005 brought our bilateral relations to a new stage.Last year, two-way trade approached 43 billion U.S.dollars, making China one of Indonesia's major trading partners and export markets.In the face of the severe international financial crisis, our two countries worked together to tide over difficulties.We signed a bilateral currency swap agreement worth 100 billion RMB yuan and played a positive role in maintaining regional financial stability.Our two sides have maintained close communication and coordination in international affairs, which has enhanced the influence of developing countries.It is worth mentioning in particular that when major natural disasters truck, peoples of our two countries shared each other's pain and stood together to counter difficulty.For instance, in the wake of the earthquake in Wenchuan, China in 2008, Indonesia sent a medical team to the affected area.An 80-year-old village chief in Aceh traveled more than 2,000 km to deliver donations from his village to the Chinese Embassy in Jakarta.Likewise, when Indonesia was hit by an earthquake and tsunami in 2004, the Chinese international rescue team hastened to the disaster area.This fully shows that China and Indonesia are good neighbors and good brothers.我这次访问,是友好合作之旅,也是规划未来之旅。昨天,我与苏西洛总统进行了全面、深入的会谈,达成重要共识,决定进一步加强中国印尼战略伙伴关系。双方发表了联合公报,签署了多项政府间合作文件。我和苏西洛总统确定了2015年实现双边贸易额800亿美元的新目标。今天还将签署总额约100亿美元的经贸协议。中方宣布提供10亿美元优买贷款和80亿美元融资额度,用于支持印尼基础设施建设和重点产业发展。我们决定进一步加强矿产资源、清洁能源合作,拓展海洋科研和渔业合作。印尼在马六甲海峡事务中发挥着重要作用,中方愿同印尼加强协调并提供相关支持。这些合作项目是在国际金融危机影响
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还在延续的背景下达成的,必将为两国巩固经济持续向好势头、深化互利合作注入强劲动力,推动双方战略伙伴关系迈向新的高度。
My visit this time is a journey of friendship and cooperation.It is also aimed at planning for the future.Yesterday, I had comprehensive and in-depth talks with President Yudhoyono.We reached important agreement and decided to further strengthen China-Indonesia strategic partnership.The two sides released a joint communique and signed several inter-governmental cooperation documents.President Yudhoyono and I set the new target of raising two-day trade to 80 billion U.S.dollars by 2015.Later today, the two sides will sign economic and trade agreements worth about 10 billion U.S.dollars.The Chinese side announced the decision to provide 1 billion U.S.dollars of preferential export buyer's credit and 8 billion U.S.dollars of credit line to support Indonesia in developing its infrastructure and priority industries.We decided to step up cooperation in mineral resources and clean energy and expand collaboration on maritime research and fishery.Indonesia plays an important role in affairs related to the Malacca Strait.China will enhance coordination with Indonesia and provide support in this regard.The aforementioned projects, agreed amidst the continuing impact of the international financial crisis, are bound to lend strong impetus to our endeavors to sustain the good economic momentum and deepen mutually beneficial cooperation.They will raise our strategic partnership to a new high.来到印尼,不能不谈万隆精神。我在来访途中的飞机上,不禁想起16年前访问贵国期间,我曾专程到万隆会议旧址瞻仰的往事。1955年,周恩来总理代表新生的人民共和国,克服重重艰险来到贵国,与亚非国家领导人一道,共同倡导了历久弥新的万隆精神。万隆会议给我们留下了极为宝贵的历史遗产。求同存异、和平共处,是万隆精神的核心,至今仍然是我们正确处理国与国关系的行为指南。万隆精神是不朽的,值得我们倍加珍惜,发扬光大!
Being in Indonesia, I would be remiss if I did not mention the Bandung spirit.On my flight to Jakarta, I could not help but recall that during my visit to Indonesia 16 years ago, I made a special trip to the venues of the Bandung Conference to pay my respects.In 1955, Premier Zhou Enlai, on behalf of the new People's Republic, came to Indonesia in defiance of danger and difficulty, and initiated, together with leaders of other Asian and African countries, the Bandung spirit, a spirit that is still highly relevant today.The Bandung Conference left us a most valuable legacy.Seeking common ground while shelving differences and embracing peaceful coexistence are the core of the Bandung spirit and they remain the guiding principle for handling state-to-state relations today.We must hold dear and carry forward the ever-lasting Bandung spirit.女士们,先生们!Ladies and Gentlemen,印尼是东盟最大的国家,在东盟发展的许多重要时刻发挥了关键作用,为东盟联合自强做出了突出贡献。作为东盟的好伙伴,中国对此高度赞赏,并为东盟取得的成就感到由衷高兴。
Indonesia, being the largest country in ASEAN, has played a key role at many defining moments in ASEAN's development and made outstanding contribution to a stronger ASEAN through unity.As ASEAN's good partner, China highly commends Indonesia's efforts and rejoices at ASEAN's achievements.1997年亚洲金融危机,催生了东亚全面合作。这次国际金融危机,也将进一步促进中国与东盟的关系,树立发展中国家互助合作的新典范。东盟奉行协商一致、共担责任、互不干涉内政的原则,以东盟方式推动本地区的政治稳定、经济发展和社会进步,顺应了和平、发展、合作的时代潮流。这条道路是成功的,在国际社会产生了重要的积极影响。《东盟宪章》确立到2015年建成政治安全共同体、经济共同体、社会文化共同体的目标,东盟将更具凝聚力、影响力和竞争力,我们对此充满期待,抱有信心。
All-round East Asian cooperation came into being in the wake of the Asian financial crisis in 1997.Today, in the face of the international financial crisis, China and ASEAN will further strengthen their relations, setting yet another example of mutual assistance and cooperation between developing countries.Under the principles of consensus, responsibility sharing and non-interference, ASEAN has promoted regional political stability, economic growth, and social progress in the ASEAN way.This is in keeping with the trend of peace, development,3 / 8
and cooperation of our time.It is a successful approach with has had an important and positive impact internationally.The ASEAN Charter has set the goal of establishing the ASEAN Political-Security Community, Economic Community and Socio-Cultural Community by 2015.We have every confidence that ASEAN will enjoy greater cohesion, influence and competitiveness and we look forward to the day when the goal becomes a reality.中国一贯支持东盟联合自强,高度重视和积极推进双方关系的发展。中国第一个与东盟确立了面向和平与繁荣的战略伙伴关系;中国第一个以域外大国身份加入《东南亚友好合作条约》;中国第一个同东盟商签自由贸易区协定,并共同建成了发展中国家之间最大的自贸区。我们这样做,顺应了经济全球化和区域一体化的趋势,符合东盟各国的利益,也符合中国的利益。
China has all along supported a stronger ASEAN through unity.We highly value and have worked actively to promote our relations with ASEAN.China was the first country to establish the strategic partnership for peace and prosperity with ASEAN and the first big country outside the region to accede to the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia.We were also the first country to launch the FTA negotiation with ASEAN, and together, we have put in place the largest FTA among developing countries.All these endeavors accord with the trend of economic globalization and regional integration.They serve the interests of all ASEAN countries and China.2003年,我在印尼巴厘岛出席第七次中国与东盟领导人会议时曾讲过,中国将坚定不移地实行睦邻、安邻、富邻的周边外交政策。八年过去了,人们不难看到,中国说话是算数的。今后,不管国际风云如何变化,中国都将一如既往地奉行这一政策。
At the 7th China-ASEAN summit held in Bali in 2003, I stated China's commitment to a policy of securing an amicable, tranquil and prosperous neighborhood.Eight years on, people can see that China has kept its word.And China will remain committed to this policy no matter what changes may take place in the international landscape.——中国坚定支持东盟在区域合作中的主导作用。东盟在实践中形成的区域合作理念和做法,符合东亚地区实际,是行之有效的、成熟的,应该也必须坚持。东亚现行区域合作机制,“10+1”也好,“10+3”也好,东亚峰会也好,主体始终应该是“10”,也就是东盟。只有东盟继续发挥主导作用,东亚合作才能健康发展。中国在这个问题上的立场是坚定不移的。
--China firmly supports ASEAN's leading role in regional cooperation.Over the years, ASEAN has developed its principles and practices of regional cooperation in keeping with the realities of East Asia.These principles and practices have proved effective and mature and should and must be followed.The existing regional cooperation mechanisms in East Asia, including 10+1, 10+3 and the East Asia Summit, should always develop with the “10” or ASEAN in the driver's seat.East Asian cooperation will enjoy sound development only if ASEAN continues to play its leading role.China's position on this issue is steadfast.——中国致力于深化同东盟的务实合作。去年中国成为东盟的最大贸易伙伴,我们建成了发展中国家间最大的自贸区,并确立了2015年双方贸易额达到5000亿美元的目标。中国政府将继续鼓励扩大进口东南亚各国的优势产品,鼓励中方企业到东盟国家投资,把双方共同利益的蛋糕做得更大。在未来10年,我们将加快实现中国与东盟国家陆路运输通道的互联互通,通过双边援助贷款、中国-东盟投资合作基金和商业信贷等多种方式为东盟国家的公路、铁路、通讯、电力等基础设施提供金融支撑。同时,根据东盟方面的需要,加强对海上和空中互联互通的投入,有序推进相关领域的便利化和标准化建设,为促进本地区商品、资本、信息的自由流通、人员往来和经济社会发展创造更好条件。历史将证明,建立中国-东盟自贸区的决策是富有战略眼光的,必将更多惠及双方企业和人民。
--China is committed to deepening practical cooperation with ASEAN.Last year, China became ASEAN's biggest trading partner.We launched the largest FTA among developing countries.And we have set the target of 500 billion U.S.dollars in two-way trade by 2015.The Chinese government will continue to increase imports of competitive products from Southeast Asian countries and encourage Chinese companies to invest in ASEAN
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countries with a view to expanding our common interests.In the next 10 years, we will speed up the realization of land transport connectivity between China and ASEAN countries and provide financial support to road, rail, communication, electricity and other infrastructure development in ASEAN countries through bilateral aid and loans, the China-ASEAN Investment Cooperation Fund, commercial loans and other means.At the same time, we will, in the light of ASEAN's needs, increase input into maritime and air connectivity and take steady steps to promote facilitation and standardization of related areas in a bid to create better conditions for the free flow of goods, capital and information, people-to-people exchanges, and economic and social development in this region.Time will tell that the decision to set up the China-ASEAN FTA is one of strategic vision and will bring greater benefits to the businesses and people of both sides.——中国将积极推动与东盟各国的人文交流。巩固邦交的根本在民众,增进友谊的基础在交流。今年是“中国-东盟友好交流年”,规划中的40多项大型活动正在陆续展开,内容涉及文化、教育、旅游、新闻、青年等众多领域。其中,“感知中国”系列活动已经在印尼启动。即将在中国举行的亚洲文化节,将把东盟作为重要主题。双方制定了2020年将留学生规模扩大到各10万人的计划。中国和东南亚丰富多彩的自然景观和底蕴深厚的民族文化,是增进双方人民相互了解和友情的独特资源。去年中国-东盟领导人会议宣布到2015年双方人员交流达到1500万人次的目标。我们要进一步挖掘教育、旅游等领域的合作潜力,鼓励更多本国民众到对方求学和观光旅游,使传统友谊深入人心,代代相传。
--China will actively promote cultural and people-to-people exchanges with ASEAN countries.People play an essential role in enhancing state-to-state relations and interactions between people are instrumental to strong friendship.This year is the Year of China-ASEAN Friendship and Exchange.Over 40 large events have been planned for the year and are being implemented, covering culture, education, tourism, journalism, youth and other areas.Among them, the “Experience China” event has been launched in Indonesia.ASEAN will feature prominently in the Asian Culture Festival to be held in China.The two sides have drawn up the plan to increase the numbers of Chinese students in ASEAN countries and ASEAN students in China to 100,000 respectively by 2020.The spectacular natural beauty and the rich folk culture of China and Southeast Asia are our unique assets for promoting mutual understanding and friendship between our people.At the China-ASEAN Summit last year, a target was announced to have 15 million mutual visits between the two sides by 2015.We need to further tap the potential of cooperation in education and tourism, and encourage more two-way flow of students and tourists so that our traditional friendship will win greater popular support and be passed on from generation to generation.——中国愿继续在不附加任何条件的情况下援助东盟欠发达国家。由于历史原因,东盟部分国家尚未摆脱贫困。中国将一如既往地支持他们的发展,提供力所能及的援助。中国的支持和援助不附带任何条件,是真诚无私的。中国有句古语,叫做“授人以鱼,不如授人以渔”。从我们自身的发展经验来看,一个国家要从根本上摆脱贫困和落后,必须依靠人才和科技。中国政府愿意在能力建设和人力资源培训方面加大投入,支持东盟欠发达国家加速实现发展目标。
--China will continue to assist the less developed countries in ASEAN with no conditions attached.Due to historical reasons, some ASEAN members have yet to get rid of poverty.China will, as always, support their development endeavor and do what it can to help them.China's support and assistance are sincere and selfless with no strings attached.As an old Chinese saying goes, “It is better to teach one how to fish than simply give him a fish.” China has learned from its own development that to shake off poverty and backwardness once and for all, a country must rely on well-trained professionals and science and technology.The Chinese government will increase input in capacity-building and human resources training to help the less developed ASEAN members gain faster progress towards their development goals.——中国愿意与东盟携手维护本地区的安全稳定。历史告诉我们,和是福,乱是祸。毋庸讳言,本地区还存在着一些领土主权、海洋权益等争议。我们要本着睦邻友好、平等协商的原则,通过双边渠道为妥善解决这些问题做出不懈努力。中方不赞成渲染或制造紧张气氛和把问题扩大化、复杂化,坚决反对使用武力或以武力相威胁。多年来,中国同东盟各国为维护国际航道的安全通畅做出了重要贡献,这是有目共
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睹的,中方将继续履行应尽的责任和义务。中方愿同东盟加强合作,共同应对恐怖主义、跨国犯罪、自然灾害、传染疫病等非传统安全威胁,营造安宁、祥和的社会环境。
--China stands ready to work with ASEAN to maintain regional security and stability.History tells us that peace is a blessing while chaos a scourge.There is no denying that there are some disputes over territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests in this region.We need to adhere to the principle of good-neighborliness and equal consultation, and work tirelessly for proper solutions to these issues through bilateral channels.China disapproves of any attempt to play up or create tensions and make the issues bigger and more complicated.We are firmly against the use or threat of force.Over the years, China and ASEAN members have made important contributions to maintaining the security of and unfettered access to the international shipping lanes.These contributions have been widely recognized.China will continue to honor its due responsibilities and obligations.China wants to work more closely with ASEAN to tackle such non-traditional security threats as terrorism, transnational crimes, natural disasters and communicable diseases, and foster a peaceful and harmonious social environment.——中国支持东亚合作在开放中稳步推进。开放和透明,是区域合作的生命力所在。东亚的合作,从来都是开放的,而不是排他的。近年来,包括东盟在内的东亚地区,已经成为发展最快和最具活力的地区,在世界经济格局中的地位和影响不断上升。东亚合作吸收域外国家和地区参与,是顺应经济全球化潮流的必然选择。中国欢迎一切有利于促进地区稳定与发展的主张,支持美国、俄罗斯、欧盟等国家和组织参与东亚合作进程。但是,无论是谁都必须尊重东亚的自主性和多样性。推进东亚合作,要循序渐进,先易后难。当前,首先要充分发挥“10+1”、“10+3”和中日韩等现有合作架构的作用,同时探索其它符合本地区特点的合作方式。
--China supports efforts to steadily push forward East Asian cooperation and maintain its openness.Openness and transparency are the source of vitality of regional cooperation.East Asian cooperation has always been open and non-exclusive since its very beginning.In recent years, the East Asian region, including ASEAN, has become the most dynamic and fastest-growing region, with rising status and influence on the world economic stage.To involve countries and regions outside the region in East Asian cooperation is a natural choice that conforms to the trend of economic globalization.China welcomes all the proposals that are conducive to regional stability and development, and supports the participation of the United States, Russia, the European Union and other countries and organizations in the East Asian cooperation process.It is important to note that the independence and diversity of East Asia must be respected.And in advancing East Asian cooperation, we should follow a step-by-step approach.We should start with the easier tasks before moving on to the more difficult ones.The priority now is to bring into full play the role of the existing cooperation frameworks, including 10+1, 10+3, and China, Japan and the Republic of Korea, and at the same time explore other cooperation models consistent with the characteristics of the region.女士们,先生们!Ladies and Gentlemen,新中国成立60多年特别是改革开放以来,经济快速发展,人民生活明显改善,国际地位逐步提高。但是,中国仍然属于发展中国家的基本国情没有变,独立自主的和平外交政策没有变,同东盟各国睦邻友好合作的诚意也没有变。
Over the past 60 years since the founding of New China, particularly since reform and opening-up, China's economy has grown fast, the Chinese people's livelihood has improved significantly, and China's international standing has risen steadily.Yet China remains a developing country.There is no change of this basic feature about China.Nor is there any change in China's commitment to an independent foreign policy of peace, and to good-neighborliness and cooperation with ASEAN countries.中国人如何看待自己?如何看待自己同世界的关系?我们既自信又清醒。自信的是,我们对自己选择的发展道路和未来充满信心。清醒的是,我们对自身面临的困难、风险有足够的认识。中国的经济总量在 6 / 8
逐年增加,但按13亿人口平均,仅列世界100位左右。中国实现全面建设小康社会的目标尚需时日,建成现代化国家还有很长的路要走。
How do we Chinese see ourselves? And how do we view our relations with the world? I want to say we are both confident and clear-headed.We are confident about the development path we have chosen and about our future.We are clear-headed because we know full well the difficulties and risks we face.True, China's economic aggregates are growing year by year, yet when divided by 1.3 billion, they only ranked around 100th in the world.Much remains to be done if China is to meet the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.We still have a long way to go before we can achieve modernization.中国古代伟大的思想家老子在《道德经》中说过:“知人者智,自知者明。”意思是说,了解别人叫明智,认识自己才是高明。我担任国务院总理已经第九个年头,我为我的祖国发展进步感到欣慰,同时我也常常为如何破解各种现实难题而寝食难安。中国确实有一部分地区、一部分人先富起来了,但还有一部分地区、一部分人尚未摆脱贫困,他们在教育、医疗、社保等方面存在着亟待解决的困难。许多国家工业化、城镇化进程中遇到的难题,我们都遇到了;他们没有遇到的问题,我们也遇到了。面对人民的信任和期待,我们不敢有丝毫的懈怠。我们需要虚心借鉴世界各国的有益经验,更需要立足国情,大胆实践,勇于探索。把13亿人口的国计民生问题解决好,我们肩上的担子很重很重,需要长期埋头苦干。中国没有任何理由骄傲自满。
Lao Tzu, the Great ancient Chinese thinker, once observed in his well-known work, the Tao Te Ching, “He who knows others is intelligent;He who knows himself is wise.” I am now in my ninth year as Chinese Premier.I am heartened by the development and progress of my motherland.Yet at the same time, I often find it difficult to eat or sleep with ease as I have to think long and hard about the ways to counter the various difficulties and challenges facing China.It is true that some regions and some people in China have become rich.But there are still those who have not come out of poverty and face pressing difficulties in education, medical care and social security.We have encountered all the difficulties that many other countries came across in their industrialization and urbanization process.We have even run into challenges that others never experienced.We cannot afford to slacken our efforts in the slightest if we are to live up the people's trust and expectations.We must be receptive to the good experience of other countries.More importantly, we must make bold experiment and exploration in keeping with China's national conditions.To advance national development and meet the needs of the 1.3 billion people represent hefty responsibilities on our shoulders and call for long and arduous efforts.China has no reason whatsoever to be complacent.我还想说的是,中国有着几千年的文化传统,历来崇尚和为贵。倡导讲信修睦,以礼待人。丝绸之路,向外国送去的是精美的纺织品、茶叶和瓷器。郑和七下西洋,没有占别人一寸土地。中国的发展离不开世界,世界的繁荣也需要中国。中国人民珍惜同其他国家和人民的友谊与合作,更加珍惜自己经过长期奋斗而得来的独立自主权利。我相信,对这一点,东南亚各国人民和我们是感同身受的。中国的发展不会妨碍任何国家,也永远不会威胁任何国家!中国将始终坚持独立自主的和平外交政策,世世代代走和平发展道路!
With a cultural heritage running several thousand years, the Chinese nation values peace and more than anything else.We keep good faith, build amicable ties, and treat others with respect.The ancient Silk Road was used to transport exquisite textiles, tea and porcelain to faraway countries.And Zheng He did not take a single inch of foreign land on his seven voyages to the Western seas.China cannot develop itself in isolation form the world.Nor can the world achieve prosperity without China.The Chinese people cherish their friendship and cooperation with other countries and peoples, and value even more deeply their hard-won independence.I believe this is a shared feeling among people in Southeast Asia and in China.China's development will not stand in the way of any country, nor will it ever pose a threat to any country.China is firmly committed to an independent foreign policy of peace and will always pursue peaceful development for generations to come.女士们,先生们!
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Ladies and Gentlemen,“远在天边,近在心田”。中国人民对印尼怀有美好的情感。印尼的岛国风情,多元文化,浪漫情调,令人向往。半个多世纪前,中国、印尼等一大批亚洲新独立国家登上国际政治舞台,宣告了新亚洲的诞生。今天,我们正亲眼见证着亚洲的全面崛起和东方文明的伟大复兴,先辈们振兴亚洲的梦想正在我们手中成为现实,而中国与印尼是推动这一划时代变化的重要力量。相似的历史遭遇,让我们走到了一起,共同的历史使命,把我们紧紧联系在一起。让我们携起手来,加强睦邻友好,深化全面合作,共创美好未来,迎接亚洲世纪的到来!
As an Indonesian proverb reads, “jauh di mata, dekat di hati(Though living far, it is close to my heart).” The Chinese people cherish beautiful impression of indonesia.They are enchanted by its unique island landscape, diverse culture, and exotic atmosphere.Half a century ago, China, Indonesia and many other newly independent Asian countries came onto the international political stage, announcing the birth of an new Asia.Today, we are witnessing the all-round rise of Asia and a great rejuvenation of the Oriental Civilization.The dream of our forefathers for a thriving Asia is coming true in our time.And China and Indonesia are important force driving in this epoch-making change.Similar historical experiences brought us together, and a shared historical mission will link us even more closely.Let us join hands to strengthen our good-neighborly relationship, deepen comprehensive cooperation, create a bright future, and usher in an Asian century.得里马嘎西!(谢谢!)
Terima Kasih.(Thank you.)
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第二篇:温家宝在清华大学的演讲
温家宝在清华大学的演讲(全文)
老师们,同学们:
今天我来清华看望同学们!上次我来清华的时候,同学们向我提出,说中国领导人出访时经常在国外的大学里演讲,能不能在国内的大学也作些演讲,并邀请我来清华作一次演讲。今天,我是来兑现承诺的。
走进清华园,看到同学们一张张朝气蓬勃的笑脸,心里非常高兴。清华是一块教育和学术圣地。清华园人杰地灵。一百年来,从这里走出了许多中华民族的精英,可谓人才荟萃,桃李满天下。“水木清华”,“婉兮清扬”。我年轻的时候读朱自清先生的《荷塘月色》,文中描绘的宁静恬淡的意境,至今记忆犹新。清华大学已经有100年的历史。100年,对于一个人来说已为期颐高寿,但对于一所大学来说,却正值盛年,或者说还是青年。我祝愿清华大学永远年轻!
真正有见识的“君子”当知天时、任时命,顺应“天道”自然规律,以“天”的“自强不息”的精神,推动客观事物的运动和发展。
站在这里,我首先想起曾担任过清华教授的梁启超先生。1914年11月梁先生第一次来清华作演讲,题目是《君子》。他引《易经大传》中“天行健,君子以自强不息”、“地势坤,君子以厚德载物”的话,勉励学子们树立“完整人格”。我以为,他这次演讲,对清华优良校风的形成产生了深远影响。这以后,“自强不息,厚德载物”八个字就成了清华的校训。
在中国传统文化中,“自强不息”、“厚德载物”的思想,有着十分重要的地位。“自强不息”的品行,是古代先人的智慧和境界,它深深地融入每一个有血有肉的中国人的身心意识中,使其刚健而不屈,独立而不倚。“天行健,君子以自强不息”,就是说作为客观事物的发展,以其“刚健”的品格,自行运动着,真正有见识的“君子”当知天时、任时命,顺应“天道”自然规律,以“天”的“自强不息”的精神,推动客观事物的运动和发展,从而达到“天人合一”的境界。
“厚德载物”就是要像大地那样广博宽厚,容纳万物。这是我国古代人生修养的积极方面。孔子就说过:“宽则待众”,要“成人之美,不成人之恶”,“不念旧恶,怨则用希”。孟子主张“君子莫乎已,与人为善”,“利人者即为,不利乎即止。”厚德,就是要加强道德修养。清华老校歌中说:“器识为先,文艺其从”,意思是说上学受教育,首先学习的是“气度”和“胆识”,学文学艺是第二位的。这里的胆识和气度其实就是泛指做人的问题,文艺其实就是为学的问题,为人与为学相比,不能不占首位。
哲学家张岱年先生认为,中华精神集中表现于两个命题:“天行健,君子以自强不息”、“地势坤,君子以厚德载物”。一个是奋斗精神,一个是兼容精神。这两种精神,在铸造中华民族的民族精神上起了决定性的作用。中华民族五千年历史,内忧外患,历经磨难,仍得以繁荣昌盛,靠的就是自强不息的精神与厚德载物的品德。
清华大学历经百年沧桑,与祖国同甘苦、共患难。在老一代清华人的身上,充满理想主义的情怀,他们不仅有着卓越的才智,而且满怀对祖国的忠诚和对事业的坚韧,表现出为国家和民族义无反顾的献身精神。清华一位老校长说过:“我们的清华大学,我们清华大学中的每一个成员,不是离开国家、离开人民孤立地存在的。我们学校的命运,我们学校中每一个人的命运,是和我们伟大祖国的命运密切地联系着的。”抗日战争时期,清华南迁西南边陲,敌机狂轰滥炸,物质条件极端恶劣,但没有改变师生勤于治学、弦歌不辍的斗志,一大批学子就是在这种条件下成才的,一大批老师也是在这里创造一流业绩的。在新中国建设事业中,清华人第一次践履“我愿以身许国”的忠诚誓言,隐姓埋名从事“两弹一星”研究工作。有的虽然留学海外,但在获得学位后不到10天就返身回国参加建设。改革开放以来,清华师生踊跃投身祖国的现代化建设事业,喊出了“从我做起,从现在做起”的时代强音,取得高温气冷堆等一大批先进科研教学成果,以实际行动诠释着“我的事业在中国”的豪迈誓言和爱国情怀。长期以来,清华人在真理面前不苟且,不低头,“不降其志、不辱其身”;在困难面前逆势而上、敢于担当。今天在座的各位青年朋友,是国家的未来、民族的希望,承担着将来建设国家的重任。怎样建设好我们的国家,也是每一个人都要思考的问题。借此机会,在这里谈谈我的一些思考。
我们不但要坚定不移地推进经济体制改革,而且要坚定不移地推进政治体制改革。
大家都知道,我们的国家有着五千年的文明史,但是这五千年是在艰难曲折中一步一步走过来的。从有文字记载的殷商时代开始,经历过几十个朝代的更替,几十次分分合合。远的不说,就近一个半世纪以来,从鸦片战争开始,中国沦为半殖民地。距离我们这里不到一里之遥的圆明园遗址,就是祖**亲身上一道永远难以愈合的伤痕,是中华民族积贫积弱的历史见证。虽然历经磨难,但我们的民族没有倒,国家没有散,愈挫愈奋,“野火烧不尽,春风吹又生”,就是因为我们有着“自强不息,厚德载物”的伟大民族精神。新中国的建立,彻底结束了帝国主义、殖民主义势力奴役中国各族人民的历史,实现了国家的统一,使中华民族一洗百年来所蒙受的奇耻大辱而自立于世界民族之林,从此,中国人民站立起来,当家作主,真正成为国家的主人,我们的社会主义现代化建设取得巨大成就。但是,建设社会主义现代化国家的道路不是一帆风顺的。我们走过“大跃进”、“人民公社”的弯路,犯过“文化大革命”这样的错误。我们搞了多年社会主义,并没有真正弄清什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义的问题。我们对社会主义的认识也是在实践中不断深化的。直到党的十一届三中全会,我们确立了解放思想、实事求是的思想路线,深刻总结历史经验和教训,作出了改革开放的历史抉择,开辟了中国特色社会主义的道路。
我们从事的社会主义现代化建设是在探索中前进的。社会主义制度从不成熟到成熟,是一个长期的历史过程,必须从我国的实际出发,坚持改革和实践,走符合国情的道路,使社会主义得以巩固和发展。
当前,我国正处于社会主义初级阶段。除了生产力仍不发达外,还存在社会发展与经济发展不协调、上层建筑的许多方面与经济基础不适应的问题。在经济快速发展中又出现一些如收入差距扩大、司法不公、贪污腐败和环境污染等人民群众反映强烈的新问题。要彻底改变中国的面貌,真正把我国建设成为富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家,还有很长的路要走。我们不但要坚定不移地推进经济体制改革,进一步解放社会生产力,继续发展经济、改善民生;而且要坚定不移地推进政治体制改革,发展社会主义民主法治,促进社会公平正义,实现人的自由平等。
人民是国家一切权力的源泉,领导者应该恭敬人民,相信人民的判断能力和选择能力,从而依靠人民。
民主法治、公平正义和自由平等,是人类共同追求的理想和目标。在不同国家、不同民族、不同历史发展阶段,其内涵、形式、途径都不尽相同。改革开放三十多年的实践,为实现民主法治、公平正义、自由平等进行了深入的探索,积累了丰富的经验,奠定了一定基础。必须继续前进,而不能倒退。这关系到国家的未来和希望,也关系到民族的前途和命运。
人民民主是社会主义的生命。没有民主就没有社会主义。民主是人类文明进步的成果,是时代的潮流和社会发展的必然趋势,是社会主义现代化事业成功的根本保障。要发展更加广泛、更加充分的人民民主,保障人民依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督。民主是对权力的监督和制约。任何政府如果不加以监督,任何权力如果不加以制约,都会蜕变和腐化,绝对的权力产生绝对的腐败。我们之所以发展民主、健全法制,就是要把党内民主和国家政治生活的民主加以制度化、法律化,保障宪法赋予人民的各项民主权利,建立有效制约权力并创造条件让人民监督的制度。人民是国家一切权力的源泉,领导者应该恭敬人民,相信人民的判断能力和选择能力,从而依靠人民。
维护国家法制的统一、尊严、权威,坚持司法独立和公正,是依法执政、依法治国的根本要求。
我们党从革命到执政,所处的地位和环境以及所肩负的任务都发生了重大变化,党的职能和领导方法就要相应地转变,以适应新形势、新任务的要求。历史的经验告诉我们,坚持依法执政、依法治国、建设法治国家,是党领导人民建设社会主义的基本原则。宪法和法律是神圣的、至高无上的,具有任何人必须严格遵守的不可侵犯的力量,是执政和治国的基石。维护国家法制的统一、尊严、权威,坚持司法独立和公正,是依法执政、依法治国的根本要求。
公平正义是社会主义制度的首要价值。如果一个社会的经济发展成果,不能真正为大众所分享,那么它在道义上是不得人心的,而且势必威胁社会稳定。
公平正义是社会主义制度的首要价值。如果一个社会的经济发展成果,不能真正为大众所分享,那么它在道义上是不得人心的,而且势必威胁社会稳定。必须毫不动摇地改善民生,改革分配制度,缩小贫富差距,使广大人民共享改革和发展的成果。还要看到,我们追求的目标不仅是经济的发展,而且是人的自由平等和全面发展,是整个社会的进步。要满足人们日益增长的物质、文化和精神需求,保障每个公民的自由平等和发展权利,让每个人生活得有乐趣、有尊严、有安全感。面对社会的许多矛盾和问题,只要我们坚持经济和社会协调发展,维护社会公平正义,并通过不懈的努力而取得明显成效,大家对国家的未来就会充满信心。我希望,在我们的社会,有对人心、人道和人本身的尊重,每个人都有其尊严、选择和发展机会,确保人与人之间的平等,提倡人间的同情和关爱,让公平正义的阳光普照社会的每个角落,让人间永远充满青春、奋斗和自由的气息。这是公平正义的真正内涵之所在。
自由不是空洞的概念,而是言论、信仰等基本权利的实现。人类的进步就是在各种不同的思想的争鸣中萌发的。
自由平等是对每个人人格和权利的尊重。人生而平等,每个人在尊严和权利方面都是平等的,享有与生俱来的不可剥夺的生命、健康、自由和财产权利。自由是人全面发展的前提,也是人类进行创造的基础和源泉。自由不是空洞的概念,而是言论、信仰等基本权利的实现。人类的进步就是在各种不同的思想的争鸣中萌发的。中国要有一个真正光明的未来,必须发挥全体人民群众的积极性,特别要鼓励人民的创造精神,提倡独立思想和批判思维。社会活力和凝聚力来自社会成员的主动性和创造性,来自社会文化的“个性化”,来自崇尚理性、尊重科学的精神,来自国民教育的普及。要创造更加平等宽松的政治环境和更加自由的学术氛围,让人民追求真理、探索自然的奥秘、社会的法则和人生的真谛。
在我们这样一个人口众多的国家进行各方面的改革,实现民主法治、公平正义、自由平等,并非是一件轻而易举的事,必须在党的领导下有秩序地逐步推进,走出一条适合国情的民主道路。我们相信,只要全党和全国人民不懈地奋斗,一个繁荣富强民主和谐的社会主义现代化国家,就一定会屹立在世界的东方!
我已年届七十,即将退休了。我永远也不会离开祖国和人民。
今天和大家谈谈心,我感到很高兴。我们从清华的校训、清华的精神,谈到我们中华民族的文化、中华民族的精神;从我们国家的历史,谈到中华民族的现在和未来。其实,个人的命运是和国家民族的命运紧密相连的。在我的一生中,经历过许多真实的苦难,这些苦难使我懂得了我们这个民族所经历的灾难太深重了。我是一个爱国主义者,我爱我的祖国,我的每一个细胞、每一滴血液都浸透着对我们民族的爱,都流淌着对伟大祖国的深情。我的一切都是祖国和人民给予的,即使将来我化为灰烬也属于祖国。在我的成长过程中,深受无数为救国救民和民族独立解放所献身的志士仁人的影响。孩提时代,母亲给我讲爱国英雄人物的故事,告诉我作为一个中国人,应该热爱我们的国家、热爱我们的人民,我一边听,一边流泪,立志长大后要报效祖国,献身人民。祖国和人民培养了我,给了我服务国家的机会,我也为祖国献出自己的全部心血和精力。今天,我已年届七十,即将退休了。我将回到母亲身边,回到群众中去,我永远也不会离开我的祖国和人民。
清华大学建立以来,为共和国培养了一代又一代优秀的专家学者,他们以渊博的学识、聪慧的才智和严谨理性的气质,诠释着一代大师“独立之精神,自由之思想”的箴言,上续民族惠民,下行“内圣外王”之道,成为中华民族的脊梁。他们不计名利,忧道不忧贫,始终保持高尚的境界和爱国的热忱,在艰苦的环境中洗净铅华,彰显本色,传承了中华民族的优秀品质。今天我们要培养和重塑民族的道德理性,就必须汲取传统文化的精神营养,倡导心存敬畏、行已知耻、诚实守信的社会道德观,对社会要有奉献精神,对他人要有责任感,对弱者要有同情心,养成情操高尚的人格。这不仅是对社会的责任,对他人的尊重,更是人的自信与庄严。我相信,新一代清华人一定会牢记“自强不息,厚德载物”的校训,大力弘扬清华精神,努力学习,勤奋成才,将来为祖国的现代化建设作出更大的贡献,谱写清华大学更加辉煌的篇章!
第三篇:温家宝在清华大学演讲全文公布
温家宝在清华大学演讲全文公布
2012年09月16日05:59
原标题:温家宝在清华大学的演讲全文
在清华大学的演讲
早报讯 中共中央政治局常委、国务院总理温家宝14日应邀到清华大学看望师生,并在学校大礼堂发表演讲。讲稿全文4798字,演讲持续近1个小时。
以下是清华大学新闻网14日晚间发布的演讲全文。
在清华大学的演讲
(2012年9月14日)
温家宝
老师们,同学们:
今天我来清华看望同学们!上次我来清华的时候,同学们向我提出,说中国领导人出访时经常在国外的大学里演讲,能不能在国内的大学也作些演讲,并邀请我来清华作一次演讲。今天,我是来兑现承诺的。
走进清华园,看到同学们一张张朝气蓬勃的笑脸,心里非常高兴。清华是一块教育和学术圣地。清华园人杰地灵。一百年来,从这里走出了许多中华民族的精英,可谓人才荟萃,桃李满天下。“水木清华”,“婉兮清扬”。我年轻的时候读朱自清先生的《荷塘月色》,文中描绘的宁静恬淡的意境,至今记忆犹新。清华大学已经有100年的历史。100年,对于一个人来说已为期颐高寿,但对于一所大学来说,却正值盛年,或者说还是青年。我祝愿清华大学永远年轻!
谈君子:
真正有见识的“君子”当知天时、任时命,顺应“天道”自然规律,以“天”的“自强不息”的精神,推动客观事物的运动和发展。
站在这里,我首先想起曾担任过清华教授的梁启超先生。1914年11月梁先生第一次来清华作演讲,题目是《君子》。他引《易经大传》中“天行健,君子以自强不息”、“地势坤,君子以厚德载物”的话,勉励学子们树立“完整人格”。我以为,他这次演讲,对清华优良校风的形成产生了深远影响。这以后,“自强不息,厚德载物”八个字就成了清华的校训。
在中国传统文化中,“自强不息”、“厚德载物”的思想,有着十分重要的地位。“自强不息”的品行,是古代先人的智慧和境界,它深深地融入每一个有血有肉的中国人的身心意识中,使其刚健而不屈,独立而不倚。“天行健,君子以自强不息”,就是说作为客观事物的发展,以其“刚健”的品格,自行运动着,真正有见识的“君子”当知天时、任时命,顺应“天道”自然规律,以“天”的“自强不息”的精神,推动客观事物的运动和发展,从而达到“天人合一”的境界。
“厚德载物”就是要像大地那样广博宽厚,容纳万物。这是我国古代人生修养的积极方面。孔子就说过:“宽则待众”,要“成人之美,不成人之恶”,“不念旧恶,怨则用希”。孟子主张“君子莫乎已,与人为善”,“利人者即为,不利乎即止。”厚德,就是要加强道德修养。清华老校歌中说:“器识为先,文艺其从”,意思是说上学受教育,首先学习的是“气度”和“胆识”,学文学艺是第二位的。这里的胆识和气度其实就是泛指做人的问题,文艺其实就是为学的问题,为人与为学相比,不能不占首位。
哲学家张岱年先生认为,中华精神集中表现于两个命题:“天行健,君子以自强不息”、“地势坤,君子以厚德载物”。一个是奋斗精神,一个是兼容精神。这两种精神,在铸造中华民族的民族精神上起了决定性的作用。中华民族五千年历史,内忧外患,历经磨难,仍得以繁荣昌盛,靠的就是自强不息的精神与厚德载物的品德。
清华大学历经百年沧桑,与祖国同甘苦、共患难。在老一代清华人的身上,充满理想主义的情怀,他们不仅有着卓越的才智,而且满怀对祖国的忠诚和对事业的坚韧,表现出为国家和民族义无反顾的献身精神。清华一位老校长说过:“我们的清华大学,我们清华大学中的每一个成员,不是离开国家、离开人民孤立地存在的。我们学校的命运,我们学校中每一个人的命运,是和我们伟大祖国的命运密切地联系着的。”抗日战争时期,清华南迁西南边陲,敌机狂轰滥炸,物质条件极端恶劣,但没有改变师生勤于治学、弦歌不辍的斗志,一大批学子就是在这种条件下成才的,一大批老师也是在这里创造一流业绩的。在新中国建设事业中,清华人第一次践履“我愿以身许国”的忠诚誓言,隐姓埋名从事“两弹一星”研究工作。有的虽然留学海外,但在获得学位后不到10天就返身回国参加建设。改革开放以来,清华师生踊跃投身祖国的现代化建设事业,喊出了“从我做起,从现在做起”的时代强音,取得高温气冷堆等一大批先进科研教学成果,以实际行动诠释着“我的事业在中国”的豪迈誓言和爱国情怀。长期以来,清华人在真理面前不苟且,不低头,“不降其志、不辱其身”;在困难面前逆势而上、敢于担当。今天在座的各位青年朋友,是国家的未来、民族的希望,承担着将来建设国家的重任。怎样建设好我们的国家,也是每一个人都要思考的问题。借此机会,在这里谈谈我的一些思考。
谈改革:
我们不但要坚定不移地推进经济体制改革,而且要坚定不移地推进政治体制改革。
大家都知道,我们的国家有着五千年的文明史,但是这五千年是在艰难曲折中一步一步走过来的。从有文字记载的殷商时代开始,经历过几十个朝代的更替,几十次分分合合。远的不说,就近一个半世纪以来,从鸦片战争开始,中国沦为半殖民地。距离我们这里不到一里之遥的圆明园遗址,就是祖**亲身上一道永远难以愈合的伤痕,是中华民族积贫积弱的历史见证。虽然历经磨难,但我们的民族没有倒,国家没有散,愈挫愈奋,“野火烧不尽,春风吹又生”,就是因为我们有着“自强不息,厚德载物”的伟大民族精神。新中国的建立,彻底结束了帝国主义、殖民主义势力奴役中国各族人民的历史,实现了国家的统一,使中华民族一洗百年来所蒙受的奇耻大辱而自立于世界民族之林,从此,中国人民站立起来,当家作主,真正成为国家的主人,我们的社会主义现代化建设取得巨大成就。但是,建设社会主义现代化国家的道路不是一帆风顺的。我们走过“大跃进”、“人民公社”的弯路,犯过“文化大革命”这样的错误。我们搞了多年社会主义,并没有真正弄清什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义的问题。我们对社会主义的认识也是在实践中不断深化的。直到党的十一届三中全会,我们确立了解放思想、实事求是的思想路线,深刻总结历史经验和教训,作出了改革开放的历史抉择,开辟了中国特色社会主义的道路。
我们从事的社会主义现代化建设是在探索中前进的。社会主义制度从不成熟到成熟,是一个长期的历史过程,必须从我国的实际出发,坚持改革和实践,走符合国情的道路,使社会主义得以巩固和发展。
当前,我国正处于社会主义初级阶段。除了生产力仍不发达外,还存在社会发展与经济发展不协调、上层建筑的许多方面与经济基础不适应的问题。在经济快速发展中又出现一些如收入差距扩大、司法不公、贪污腐败和环境污染等人民群众反映强烈的新问题。要彻底改变中国的面貌,真正把我国建设成为富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家,还有很长的路要走。我们不但要坚定不移地推进经济体制改革,进一步解放社会生产力,继续发展经济、改善民生;而且要坚定不移地推进政治体制改革,发展社会主义民主法治,促进社会公平正义,实现人的自由平等。
谈民主与人民:
人民是国家一切权力的源泉,领导者应该恭敬人民,相信人民的判断能力和选择能力,从而依靠人民。
民主法治、公平正义和自由平等,是人类共同追求的理想和目标。在不同国家、不同民族、不同历史发展阶段,其内涵、形式、途径都不尽相同。改革开放三十多年的实践,为实现民主法治、公平正义、自由平等进行了深入的探索,积累了丰富的经验,奠定了一定基础。必须继续前进,而不能倒退。这关系到国家的未来和希望,也关系到民族的前途和命运。
人民民主是社会主义的生命。没有民主就没有社会主义。民主是人类文明进步的成果,是时代的潮流和社会发展的必然趋势,是社会主义现代化事业成功的根本保障。要发展更加广泛、更加充分的人民民主,保障人民依法实行民主选举、民主决策、民主管理、民主监督。民主是对权力的监督和制约。任何政府如果不加以监督,任何权力如果不加以制约,都会蜕变和腐化,绝对的权力产生绝对的腐败。我们之所以发展民主、健全法制,就是要把党内民主和国家政治生活的民主加以制度化、法律化,保障宪法赋予人民的各项民主权利,建立有效制约权力并创造条件让人民监督的制度。人民是国家一切权力的源泉,领导者应该恭敬人民,相信人民的判断能力和选择能力,从而依靠人民。
谈法治:
维护国家法制的统一、尊严、权威,坚持司法独立和公正,是依法执政、依法治国的根本要求。
我们党从革命到执政,所处的地位和环境以及所肩负的任务都发生了重大变化,党的职能和领导方法就要相应地转变,以适应新形势、新任务的要求。历史的经验告诉我们,坚持依法执政、依法治国、建设法治国家,是党领导人民建设社会主义的基本原则。宪法和法律是神圣的、至高无上的,具有任何人必须严格遵守的不可侵犯的力量,是执政和治国的基石。维护国家法制的统一、尊严、权威,坚持司法独立和公正,是依法执政、依法治国的根本要求。
谈公平正义:
公平正义是社会主义制度的首要价值。如果一个社会的经济发展成果,不能真正为大众所分享,那么它在道义上是不得人心的,而且势必威胁社会稳定。
公平正义是社会主义制度的首要价值。如果一个社会的经济发展成果,不能真正为大众所分享,那么它在道义上是不得人心的,而且势必威胁社会稳定。必须毫不动摇地改善民生,改革分配制度,缩小贫富差距,使广大人民共享改革和发展的成果。还要看到,我们追求的目标不仅是经济的发展,而且是人的自由平等和全面发展,是整个社会的进步。要满足人们日益增长的物质、文化和精神需求,保障每个公民的自由平等和发展权利,让每个人生活得有乐趣、有尊严、有安全感。面对社会的许多矛盾和问题,只要我们坚持经济和社会协调发展,维护社会公平正义,并通过不懈的努力而取得明显成效,大家对国家的未来就会充满信心。我希望,在我们的社会,有对人心、人道和人本身的尊重,每个人都有其尊严、选择和发展机会,确保人与人之间的平等,提倡人间的同情和关爱,让公平正义的阳光普照社会的每个角落,让人间永远充满青春、奋斗和自由的气息。这是公平正义的真正内涵之所在。
谈自由平等
自由不是空洞的概念,而是言论、信仰等基本权利的实现。人类的进步就是在各种不同的思想的争鸣中萌发的。
自由平等是对每个人人格和权利的尊重。人生而平等,每个人在尊严和权利方面都是平等的,享有与生俱来的不可剥夺的生命、健康、自由和财产权利。自由是人全面发展的前提,也是人类进行创造的基础和源泉。自由不是空洞的概念,而是言论、信仰等基本权利的实现。人类的进步就是在各种不同的思想的争鸣中萌发的。中国要有一个真正光明的未来,必须发挥全体人民群众的积极性,特别要鼓励人民的创造精神,提倡独立思想和批判思维。社会活力和凝聚力来自社会成员的主动性和创造性,来自社会文化的“个性化”,来自崇尚理性、尊重科学的精神,来自国民教育的普及。要创造更加平等宽松的政治环境和更加自由的学术氛围,让人民追求真理、探索自然的奥秘、社会的法则和人生的真谛。
在我们这样一个人口众多的国家进行各方面的改革,实现民主法治、公平正义、自由平等,并非是一件轻而易举的事,必须在党的领导下有秩序地逐步推进,走出一条适合国情的民主道路。我们相信,只要全党和全国人民不懈地奋斗,一个繁荣富强民主和谐的社会主义现代化国家,就一定会屹立在世界的东方!
谈自我:
我已年届七十,即将退休了。我永远也不会离开祖国和人民。
今天和大家谈谈心,我感到很高兴。我们从清华的校训、清华的精神,谈到我们中华民族的文化、中华民族的精神;从我们国家的历史,谈到中华民族的现在和未来。其实,个人的命运是和国家民族的命运紧密相连的。在我的一生中,经历过许多真实的苦难,这些苦难使我懂得了我们这个民族所经历的灾难太深重了。我是一个爱国主义者,我爱我的祖国,我的每一个细胞、每一滴血液都浸透着对我们民族的爱,都流淌着对伟大祖国的深情。我的一切都是祖国和人民给予的,即使将来我化为灰烬也属于祖国。在我的成长过程中,深受无数为救国救民和民族独立解放所献身的志士仁人的影响。孩提时代,母亲给我讲爱国英雄人物的故事,告诉我作为一个中国人,应该热爱我们的国家、热爱我们的人民,我一边听,一边流泪,立志长大后要报效祖国,献身人民。祖国和人民培养了我,给了我服务国家的机会,我也为祖国献出自己的全部心血和精力。今天,我已年届七十,即将退休了。我将回到母亲身边,回到群众中去,我永远也不会离开我的祖国和人民。
清华大学建立以来,为共和国培养了一代又一代优秀的专家学者,他们以渊博的学识、聪慧的才智和严谨理性的气质,诠释着一代大师“独立之精神,自由之思想”的箴言,上续民族惠民,下行“内圣外王”之道,成为中华民族的脊梁。他们不计名利,忧道不忧贫,始终保持高尚的境界和爱国的热忱,在艰苦的环境中洗净铅华,彰显本色,传承了中华民族的优秀品质。今天我们要培养和重塑民族的道德理性,就必须汲取传统文化的精神营养,倡导心存敬畏、行已知耻、诚实守信的社会道德观,对社会要有奉献精神,对他人要有责任感,对弱者要有同情心,养成情操高尚的人格。这不仅是对社会的责任,对他人的尊重,更是人的自信与庄严。我相信,新一代清华人一定会牢记“自强不息,厚德载物”的校训,大力弘扬清华精神,努力学习,勤奋成才,将来为祖国的现代化建设作出更大的贡献,谱写清华大学更加辉煌的篇章!(编者注:原文无小标题)东方早
第四篇:温家宝在巴基斯坦议会的演讲
温家宝在巴基斯坦议会的演讲(全文)2010-12-20 07:09:00 来源: 中国新闻网(北京)跟贴 2 条手机看新闻
中新网12月20日电据外交部网站消息,12月19日,国务院总理温家宝在巴基斯坦议会发表了题为《风雨同舟共创未来》的重要演讲。演讲全文如下:
风雨同舟共创未来——在巴基斯坦议会的演讲
中华人民共和国总理温家宝
(2010年12月19日)
尊敬的吉拉尼总理,尊敬的奈克主席,尊敬的米尔扎议长,女士们,先生们: 萨莱姆,阿来贡,帕伊!(兄弟们好!)应邀在巴基斯坦议会这个庄严的殿堂发表演讲,我深感荣幸。首先,我代表中国政府和13亿中国人民,向兄弟的巴基斯坦人民致以最亲切的问候和最美好的祝愿!向长期以来致力于中巴友好的各界朋友表示衷心感谢和崇高敬意!
5年前,我曾经访问贵国,受到巴基斯坦人民热烈隆重的欢迎。岁月如梭,真情不变。这次我依然有宾至如归的感觉。此时此刻,我最想说的是,中巴永远是兄弟!
中巴友谊根深叶茂,生机勃勃。中巴关系坚如磐石,历久弥新。这归功于两国老一辈领导人的远见卓识,得益于两国人民的辛勤培育。在新中国突破外部封锁、恢复在联合国的合法席位、实现中美关系正常化等关键时刻,巴基斯坦都提供了宝贵帮助。在台湾、涉藏、涉疆等重大问题上,中国始终得到巴基斯坦的鼎力支持。2008年,中国四川汶川发生特大地震,巴基斯坦拿出全部储备帐篷,第一时间向中方提供紧急援助。半个多世纪以来,中国始终坚定支持巴基斯坦捍卫独立、主权和领土完整的努力,真诚无私地帮助巴基斯坦实现经济和社会发展,许多中国援巴人员献出了生命。今年,在巴基斯坦遭受特大洪灾的危难时刻,中国救援队员克服常人无法想象的困难,将生活急需品迅速送到灾区。巴基斯坦军民不顾自身安危,全力营救在巴工作的268名中国工人,这些感人的事迹已经广为流传。可以说,中巴友好深深扎根在两国人民心中,融入了我们的血脉,成为一种崇高而坚定的信念,已转化为实实在在的行动。
女士们,先生们:
巴基斯坦山河壮美,资源丰富,文化底蕴深厚。这片古老而神奇的土地孕育了灿烂的文明。巴基斯坦人民善良淳朴、勤劳勇敢,有着坚忍不拔、自强不息的精神。你们有理由为自己的国家和民族感到骄傲和自豪。建国60多年来,巴基斯坦政府和人民克服重重困难,主要依靠自己的力量,在建设国家和发展经济的道路上取得了显著成就。近年来,面对错综复杂的外部环境和各种严峻挑战,巴基斯坦坚持独立自主的外交政策,坚决捍卫国家主权、独立和领土完整;反对外来干涉,积极发展同周边国家平等、合作、稳定的关系;致力于维护国内民族团结、政治和谐和社会稳定,保持了经济平稳增长,人民生活得到改善。你们以坚强的意志、独特的智慧、艰辛的努力赢得了尊严,实现了发展。
当前,巴基斯坦正处于一个关键时期,面临不少困难和挑战。巴基斯坦政府和人民没有退却。齐心协力,积极应对,创造各种有利条件,全力维护国家安全、稳定和发展,得到国际社会的广泛同情、理解和支持。英雄的巴基斯坦人民过去没有、现在也不可能被压垮,一定能够渡过难关,迎来希望,实现新的发展。我对此深信不疑。中国政府和人民将坚定地与你们站在一起,同舟共济,共克时艰!
女士们,先生们:
巩固和发展中巴全天候战略合作伙伴关系,是我们共同的战略选择,符合两国和两国人民的根本利益,有利于促进本地区乃至世界和平、稳定与发展。中巴关系一定会更加牢固、更加紧密、更加有力。
我们即将迎来两国建交60周年。双方要以此为契机,弘扬传统友谊,推进各领域务实合作,不断丰富中巴战略合作伙伴关系内涵,取得更加丰硕的成果。
我们要保持两国领导人密切交往的传统,在涉及彼此重大利益的问题上加强沟通和协调,坚定地相互支持和帮助。巴基斯坦处在国际反恐斗争的前沿,付出了巨大牺牲,作出了重要贡献。这是有目共睹的事实。国际社会要给予充分肯定和大力支持,切实尊重巴基斯坦自主选择的发展道路。反恐斗争不能与特定的宗教和民族挂钩,不能搞双重标准,应该标本兼治,致力于消除产生恐怖主义的根源。中方的态度和立场是明确的、坚定的,愿意同巴基斯坦和国际社会一道,加强协调配合,作出不懈努力。
我们要深化各领域务实合作。中方将积极参与巴基斯坦灾后重建,认真履行各项承诺。中方支持巴方通过加强国际贸易和投资合作,实现自主发展的努力,愿意推进双方在能源、交通、基础设施等领域的合作。我访问期间,中国贸易投资促进团同巴方企业签署了总额达100亿美元的商业协议。这说明,中巴经贸合作潜力很大,前景广阔。中方欢迎巴方充分利用双边自贸协定的优惠措施,扩大对中国的出口。中国工商银行已获准分别在伊斯兰堡和卡拉奇开设分行。中方同意与巴基斯坦开展货币互换。中巴加强金融合作,将为两国经贸关系深入持续发展提供有力支撑。
我们要扩大人文领域的交流。明年是“中巴友好年”,双方将举办一系列交流活动。中方决定在今后3年内,向巴方提供500个政府奖学金名额。昨天,我和吉拉尼总理一起为巴中友谊中心落成剪彩,并宣布启动“中巴友好光明行”活动。中方将在2年内为1000名巴基斯坦白内障患者进行免费复明手术。明年100名巴基斯坦高中生将应邀来中国参加汉语桥夏令营。欢迎更多巴基斯坦青年来中国访问和学习。双方已连续5年开展百名青年互访活动,中方支持这项活动继续举办下去。
我们要密切在地区和国际事务中的协调配合。巴基斯坦是南亚大国,在伊斯兰世界有着重要影响。中方愿与巴方一道,推动区域合作,促进不同文明之间的对话,维护文化多样性。中巴在联合国改革、实现千年发展目标、应对气候变化、保障粮食与能源安全等重大国际问题上有着共同利益和广泛共识,双方要合作应对挑战,推动世界的和谐与可持续发展。
女士们,先生们:
在即将结束南亚之行的时刻,我更加深切地感到,和平、发展、合作是人心所向,大势所趋。正如巴基斯坦谚语所说,好邻居是福。中国人也讲,远亲不如近邻。我衷心希望,我们的人民能够安居乐业,我们的地区能够永享和平与繁荣,我们的世界能够更加和谐美好!
岁寒知松柏,路遥识马力!中巴是全天候的战略伙伴,是休戚与共的好兄弟。两国并肩走过了艰辛而辉煌的历程,让我们坚定信心,风雨同舟,携手开创中巴关系的美好未来。
秦巴多斯蒂,金达巴!(中巴友谊万岁!)谢谢大家!
第五篇:温家宝在英国皇家学会的演讲(全文)
温家宝在英国皇家学会的演讲(全文)未来中国的走向——在英国皇家学会的演讲
中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝(2011年6月27日,伦敦)
The Path to China's Future
Speech by H.E.Wen Jiabao
Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
At the Royal Society
London, 27 June 2011
尊敬的纳斯会长,各位会员、各位使节,女士们、先生们:
Sir Paul Nurse, President of the Royal Society, Dear Fellows,Your Excellencies, Ladies and Gentlemen, 今天,我应邀访问久负盛名的英国皇家学会,深感荣幸。刚才,英国皇家学会授予我“查理二世国王奖”。这不仅是我个人的荣誉,也是对中国科技进步的肯定,同时也是中英两国科技界友谊与合作的象征。对此,我向你们表示衷心的感谢!
It gives me great pleasure to visit the renowned Royal Society today.I have just received the Royal Society King Charles II Medal.To me, it is not only a personal honor, but also a recognition of China's advances in science and technology.Indeed, it is a symbol of friendship and cooperation between the Chinese and British science communities, and I wish to express my heartfelt appreciation to you for awarding me the medal.英国皇家学会,是英国最高科学学术机构,也是世界上历史最悠久的科学学会。牛顿、达尔文、爱因斯坦、霍金等科学巨匠,为人类科技事业发展作出过划时代的贡献。在座的各位会员,同样以自己的杰出成就造福社会。我向你们表示崇高的敬意!
The Royal Society is the most prestigious science institution in the UK and the oldest science society in the world.It is often associated with such towering figures as Isaac Newton, Charles Darwin, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking, who have made epoch-making contribution to the advancement of science and technology.I wish to also salute all the Fellows present today for your outstanding achievements in promoting human progress.担任中国总理以来,这是我第四次访问贵国。这一 次和上一次时隔两年,感觉大不相同。2009年初,贵国遭受一场罕见的大雪,同时也经历着国际金融危机的煎熬。我从达沃斯到伦敦一路走来,感受到一种忧郁 不安的气氛。我当时说,“信心比货币和黄金更宝贵”。如今仲夏的伦敦,人们又恢复了往日的从容和自信。我对贵国应对危机所作的努力和可喜进展,表示由衷的 钦佩!
This is my fourth visit to the UK as China's premier.During this visit, I have a very different impression from my last visit two years ago, in early 2009.Back then, the UK was hit by both a rare heavy snow and the global financial crisis.Coming to London from Davos, I could sense anxiety and uneasiness in the air.I remember saying during that visit, “Confidence is more important than currency and gold.” But now back in mid-summer London, I can see that people have regained confidence.I greatly admire the UK's efforts and achievements.我要告诉朋友们的是,经过这场国际金融危机的洗礼,中国前进的步伐更加稳健了。在这里,我想说一件事。
As to my country China, it has emerged from the financial crisis stronger and is now on a steady course of growth.Let me give you an example: 2008年5月12日,中国西南部发生毁灭性的 特大地震。当时,我站在震中汶川的废墟上,对前来采访的中外记者说,“过三年再来,一个新的汶川会拔地而起”。三年过去了,我们一边应对国际金融危机的冲 击,一边举全国之力进行灾后重建。上个月,我第十次来到震区,欣喜地看到:灾区最漂亮的是住房,最坚固的是学校,最现代的是医院,最满意的是居民。我邀请 在座各位朋友,有机会到中国汶川走一走、看一看。如果你们身临其境,一定会为这里发生的奇迹感到震撼,也会从中真实地感受到中国的生机和活力。
You may recall that on May 12, 2008, a devastating earthquake hit southwest China.Standing on the rubbles in Wenchuan, the epicenter of the quake, I said to the Chinese and foreign journalists, “Come back in three years' time, and you will see a new Wenchuan.” Over the past three years, while fighting the global financial crisis, we have mobilized the whole country to carry out reconstruction in the earthquake areas.Last month, I visited these areas for the tenth time.I saw decent housing apartments, solid school buildings and modern hospitals, and the local people were pleased with the reconstruction.I hope you will visit Wenchuan, where you will be overwhelmed by the miraculous transformation, and you will personally experience China's vitality.对中国改革开放以来的发展变化,世界上有各种各样的解读;对未来中国的走向,人们也非常关注。我愿意借今天这个机会,谈谈我的看法。People outside China see the development and changes in China since reform and opening-up in different ways.There is also an intense interest in China's future path.I wish to take this opportunity to address this subject.上世纪80年代初,中国改革开放的总设计师邓小平,曾提出我国现代化进程分“三步走”的战略构想。第一步,基本解决温饱问题;第二步,全面建设小康社会;第三步,到本世纪中叶,基本实现现代化,达到世 界中等发达国家水平。2010年到2020年,是中国全面建设小康社会的关键阶段。“三步走”战略的核心和本质,都是坚持以人为本,增进全体中国人的福 祉。沿着这条社会主义现代化道路前进,中国必将会有一个更加光明的未来。In the early 1980s, Mr.Deng Xiaoping, the chief architect of China's reform and opening-up program, proposed a three-step strategy for China's modernization drive.The first step is to ensure adequate food and clothing for the people.The second step is to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.The third step is to achieve modernization and reach the level of medium developed countries by the middle of this century.The current period from 2010 to 2020 is a crucial one for China to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Putting people's interests first and promoting the wellbeing of the entire Chinese people-this is what the three-step strategy is all about.Following this path of socialist modernization, China will embrace an even brighter future.未来的中国,将是一个经济发达、人民富裕的国 家。集中精力发展经济,不断改善人民生活,始终是中国政府的第一要务。我们将坚持科学发展,着力转变经济发展方式,走绿色、低碳、可持续的发展道路。我们 将扩大国内需求特别是消费需求,进一步释放城乡居民消费潜力,使消费成为拉动经济增长的根本动力。我们将更加注重改善民生,努力扩大就业,优先发展教育、卫生等公共事业,深化收入分配制度改革,增加城乡居民收入,加快建立覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系,让各族人民共享发展成果。
Tomorrow's China will be an economically advanced country with its people enjoying prosperity.To pursue economic development and improve people's lives has always been the top priority of the Chinese government.We will stick to scientific development, work hard to shift the model of economic development and achieve green, low-carbon and sustainable development.We will expand domestic demand, particularly consumer demand, fully tap into the potential for consumption of urban and rural population, and make consumption the fundamental driver of economic growth.We will redouble efforts to improve public welfare, create jobs, and develop education, health and other social programs on a priority basis.We will deepen the reform of income distribution, increase the income of urban and rural households and speed up the establishment of a social security system covering both urban and rural residents.We will ensure that what is achieved in development will be shared by the Chinese people of all ethnic groups.中国经济的振兴和可持续发展,根本靠科技。中国 政府已经制定并组织实施了国家中长期科技发展规划。我们持续增加科技投入,近五年,中央财政共投入近1000亿美元,年均增长22.7%。从今年开始实施 的“十二五”规划,我们力争把研究开发投入占国内生产总值的比重从现在的1.75%提高到2.2%。同时,我们将加快培育和发展战略性新兴产业。现阶段重 点培育和发展节能环保、新一代信息技术、生物、高端设备制造、新能源、新材料、新能源汽车等产业。所有这些,都将促进当前发展并为长期发展提供有力支撑。
Science and technology hold the key to China's economic prosperity and sustainable development.The Chinese government has adopted the National Medium-and Long-Term Program for Science and Technology Development.Government R&D investment has reached nearly US$100 billion in the past five years, growing at an average annual rate of 22.7%.Under the 12th Five-Year Plan which starts this year, R&D funding as a percentage of China's GDP will rise to 2.2% from the current 1.75%.At the same time, we will accelerate the development of strategic emerging industries, with priority given to energy conservation, environmental protection, new generation of information technology, biotechnology, advanced equipment manufacturing, new energy, new materials and new energy powered automobile.These efforts will boost our development at present, and provide strong support for our development in the long run.从世界范围看,克服国际金融危机,保证经济的稳 定、平衡和可持续发展,根本也要靠科技。当今世界正处于新科技革命的前夜,新技术革命和产业革命初现端倪,诸多领域正酝酿着激动人心的重大突破。这场新科 技革命,必将进一步深化我们对宇宙自然和人类自身的认识,必将开辟生产力发展的新空间,创造新的社会需求,必将深刻影响人类的生产方式、生活方式和思维方 式,从而从根本上改变21世纪人类社会发展进程。科技无国界。让我们共同迎接这一伟大时代的到来!
Globally, science and technology are also crucial for overcoming the financial crisis and ensuring stable, balanced and sustainable economic development.The world is seeing the advent of a new revolution in science and technology and a new industrial revolution.Exciting breakthroughs will be made in many fields.This new revolution in science and technology will deepen our understanding of the universe, nature and ourselves as human beings.It will open up new frontiers, unleash productive forces, create new social demand and exert a profound impact on mode of production, way of life and way of thinking.The revolution in science and technology will thus bring about a fundamental change in the development of human society in the 21st century.Science and technology know no borders.Let us together embrace the arrival of this great era.未来的中国,将是一个充分实现民主法治、公平正 义的国家。在人类历史上,在反对封建专制斗争中形成的民主、法治、自由、平等、人权等观念,是人类精神的一次大解放。只是不同社会、不同国家,实现的途径 和形式有所不同。人民民主是社会主义的生命,没有民主就没有社会主义。真正的民主离不开自由。真正的自由离不开经济权利和政治权利的保障。坦率地说,目前 中国社会还存在着贪污腐败、分配不公以及损害人民群众权益的种种弊端。解决这些问题的根本途径,是坚定不移地推进政治体制改革,建设社会主义民主法治国 家。
Tomorrow's China will be a country that fully achieves democracy, the rule of law, fairness and justice.The struggles against feudal autocracy in the human history gave birth to the concepts of democracy, the rule of law, freedom, equality and human rights.These ideas have greatly emancipated the human mind, although they may be achieved in different ways and forms in different societies and countries.People's democracy is the soul of socialism.Without democracy, there is no socialism.Without freedom, there is no real democracy.Without guarantee of economic and political rights, there is no real freedom.To be frank, corruption, unfair income distribution and other ills that harm people's rights and interests still exist in China.The best way to resolve these problems is to firmly advance the political structural reform and build socialist democracy under the rule of law.我们要尊重和保障人权,依法保障全体社会成员平等参与、平等发展的权利。我们要健全对政府权力的制约和监督机制,保证人民赋予的权力真正为人民谋福利。中国曾经是封建主义影响很深的国家,新中国成立后 曾经历十年“文革”的浩劫,在开放的环境下又出现一些新的情况和问题。发扬民主,健全法制,加强对权力的有效监督,仍然是一项长期而艰巨的任务。我们要创 造条件让人民监督和批评政府,使政府不敢懈怠、避免产生腐败。人民的责任感和民主精神,将带动社会的进步。人民参与社会管理和公共事务越多,推动社会进步 的能量就越大。
We are committed to respecting and protecting human rights.Pursuant to the law, we protect the right of all members of society to equal participation and development.We will improve mechanisms for checking and supervising government powers so as to ensure that these powers entrusted by the people are exercised in people's interests.China was long under the influence of feudalism.After the founding of New China, the country went through the turmoil of the decade-long Cultural Revolution.Since China opened itself, some new developments and problems have occurred.To promote democracy, improve the legal system and strengthen effective oversight of power remains a long and arduous task for us.We need to create conditions for people to oversee and criticize the government to make the government live up to its responsibility and prevent corruption.With a keen sense of responsibility and democracy, people will spur social progress.The more the people participate in social management and public affairs, the greater the momentum there will be to sustain social progress.近些年来,我们在深化经济体制改革的同时,积极 稳妥地推进政治体制改革。在推进政府决策科学化、民主化,加强人民对政府的监督等方面,也有许多进步。例如,实行政务公开,政府预算公开,推行电子政务、听证制度和专家咨询制度等。我已连续三年在作《政府工作报告》之前,在网上同网民交流。今年春,我在新华网在线交流时,收到网民来贴40多万条,手机信息 11万多条,页面访问量近3亿人次。同这些普通民众的交流,是心对心的交流,可以直接体察人民的喜怒哀乐和对政府的诉求,有利于改进政府工作。In recent years, while deepening the economic structural reform, we have actively and steadily advanced the political structural reform.Much progress has been made in making government decision-making sound and democratic and enhancing public oversight of the government.For example, we have made government affairs and budgets more transparent and introduced such practices as e-government, public hearing and expert consulting.During the past three years, before I delivered the Report on the Work of the Government each year, I had an online dialogue with the public.During this year's dialogue with the public in spring on the website of the Xinhua News Agency, I received over 400,000 posts and more than 110,000 text messages, and the webpage was visited nearly 300 million times.I opened my heart to the people, and this direct engagement enabled me to learn about what is on their minds and what they want from the government.This helps the government improve its performance.未来的中国,将是一个更加开放包容、文明和谐的国家。一个国家、一个民族,只有开放包容,才能发展进步。唯有开放,先进和有用的东西才能进得来;唯有包容,吸收借鉴优秀文化,才能使自己充实和强大起来。
Tomorrow's China will be a more open, inclusive, culturally advanced and harmonious country.A country or a nation will grow and progress only when it is open and inclusive.Only an open country can introduce all that is advanced and useful.And only an inclusive society can enrich and strengthen itself by drawing on the strengths of fine foreign cultures.我们不仅要在经济领域、科技领域继续扩大对外开 放,而且在文化建设、社会管理等领域也要大胆博采众长。中国在推进现代化过程中遇到的诸多问题,如能源问题、环境问题、贫富差距问题、司法公正问题和廉政 问题等,许多发达国家都曾经遇到过。对各国的成功经验,我们要认真借鉴;对别人走过的弯路,我们不应重复;对世界面临的难题,我们要同国际社会一道来破 解。
We should not only continue to open up in economic, scientific and technological fields, but also boldly learn from others in promoting cultural progress and social management.In its modernization drive, China has encountered various problems in the fields of energy, the environment, wealth distribution, judicial justice and government integrity.These are problems that many developed countries have run into before.We will learn from the successful experience of other countries while avoiding their mistakes.We will work with the rest of the international community to address common challenges facing the world.我们要创造更加良好的政治环境和更加自由的学术 氛围,让人民追求真理、崇尚理性、尊重科学,探索自然的奥秘、社会的法则和人生的真谛。做学问、搞科研,尤其需要倡导“独立之精神,自由之思想”。正因为 有了充分的学术自由,像牛顿这样在人类历史上具有伟大影响的科学家,才能够思潮奔腾、才华迸发,敢于思考前人从未思考过的问题,敢于踏进前人从未涉足的领 域。不久前,我同中国科学家交流时提出,要大力营造敢于创造、敢冒风险、敢于批判和宽容失败的环境,鼓励自由探索,提倡学术争鸣。
We should create a better political environment and a freer academic atmosphere in which people can pursue truth, exercise reasoning and respect science, in which the mysteries of nature, the laws governing society and the true meaning of life can be fully explored.The spirit of independence and freedom in thinking is particularly important in academic studies and research.It was in an environment of academic freedom that great scientists like Isaac Newton, who had a profound impact on human history, were able to bring out their best, probe issues not questioned by predecessors and blaze a new trail.In my recent conversation with some Chinese scientists, I called for creating an environment which encourages innovation, criticism and risk-taking and tolerates failure, an environment that encourages free exploration of new things and stimulates academic debate.我们历来主张尊重世界文明的多样性,倡导不同文 明之间的对话、交流与合作。我国已故著名社会学家费孝通先生,上世纪30年代曾就读于伦敦政治经济学院并获得博士学位,一生饱经沧桑。他在晚年提出:“各 美其美,美人之美,美美与共,世界大同。”费老先生的这一人生感悟,生动反映了当代中国人开放包容的胸怀。
We have always called for respecting the diversity of civilizations and advocated dialogue, exchanges and cooperation among them.The late Mr.Fei Xiaotong, a well-known Chinese sociologist, received his PhD at the London School of Economics and Political Science in the 1930s.Having gone through many vicissitudes in life, he concluded in his late years that “The world will be a harmonious place if people appreciate their own beauty and that of others, and work together to create beauty in the world.” These thoughts best illustrate the open and inclusive mindset of China today.未来的中国,将是一个坚持和平发展、勇于担当的 国家。走和平发展道路,是中国政府和人民根据时代潮流和自身利益作出的战略抉择,是中国积极参与经济全球化、最终实现现代化的必由之路。中国的和平发展,对世界不是威胁,而是机遇。中国已经成为世界经济增长的重要引擎,近五年对世界经济增长的贡献率在20%以上。自2001年中国加入世界贸易组织以来,年 均进口近7500亿美元商品,为相关国家和地区创造了1400多万个就业岗位。未来5年,中国进口规模累计有望超过8万亿美元,将给世界各国带来更多商 机。Tomorrow's China will be a country committed to peaceful development and ready to shoulder its responsibilities.To pursue peaceful development is a strategic decision made by the Chinese government and people in keeping with the trend of the times and based on our own interests.Only such a pursuit will enable China to embrace economic globalization and achieve modernization.China's peaceful development is an opportunity rather than a threat to the rest of the world.China has become an engine driving global economic growth, having contributed to over 20% of world economic growth each year in the past five years.Since joining the WTO in 2001, China has imported close to US$750 billion of goods every year, creating over 14 million jobs for relevant countries and regions.China's import is expected to exceed US$8 trillion in the next five years, and this will provide more business opportunities for other countries.21世纪应是合作的世纪,而不是冲突和争霸的世纪。中国是世界和平的坚定维护者。我们一贯主张和平解决国际争端,反对使用武力。中国将同国际社会一道,共担责任、共迎挑战,继续推动国际体系朝着更加公平、公正、包容的方向发展。
The 21st century should be a century of cooperation rather than conflict and rivalry.China is committed to upholding world peace.We have consistently called for settling international disputes by peaceful means and opposed the use of force.China will work with the rest of the international community to undertake responsibilities, meet challenges and make the international system more equitable, just and inclusive.女士们、先生们:
建设有中国特色的社会主义,是13亿中国人民的 庄严选择。中国30多年的变化,得益于改革开放;中国未来的发展,仍然要靠改革开放。改革开放,要贯穿中国现代化建设的始终。倒退没有出路,停滞也没有出 路。只有坚定信心、继续前进,中国才能建设成为富强、民主、文明、和谐的社会主义现代化国家,中国人民才能更加普遍和以更高水准过上有尊严的幸福生活。尽 管前进的道路上还会有这样那样的艰难险阻,但这一历史进程不可逆转!
Ladies and Gentlemen, To build socialism with distinctive Chinese features is the solemn choice made by the 1.3 billion Chinese people.China owes the success of its transformation in the past 30-odd years to reform and opening-up.And China must deepen reform and opening-up to sustain its future development.Reform and opening-up will be carried out in the entire process of China's modernization endeavor.To stall or reverse course is not an option for China.We must move on with confidence.Only by doing so can China turn itself into a prosperous, democratic, culturally advanced, modern and harmonious socialist country, and can the Chinese people enjoy a happy life with dignity in a more extensive way and at a higher level.Whatever difficulties and obstacles may lie ahead, they cannot block this historical process!
女士们、先生们:
英国是世界上最早实现工业化的发达国家,在高科 技、高等教育、金融服务、医疗卫生、低碳经济等领域,都具有中国所需要的技术和管理经验。中国广阔的市场、丰富的人力资源和巨大的发展潜力,可以为英国经 济发展提供有力的支持。中国政府积极推进大型企业、研究型大学和科研机构同英国的合作,鼓励双方高端人才的交流和合作研究。Ladies and Gentlemen, The United Kingdom is a developed country and the first to achieve industrialization.Its advanced technologies and managerial expertise in research, higher education, financial services, public health and medical services and its development of low-carbon economy can well meet China's demand.On China's part, its vast market, abundant human resources and huge development potential can help boost UK's economic growth.The Chinese government encourages large Chinese companies, research-oriented universities and research institutions to increase cooperation with their British counterparts.It also encourages more exchanges of top-level talents and joint research between our two countries.英国伟大思想家培根说过,“智者创造机会,而不是等待机会”。富有思想和智慧的中英两国人民,一定能创造更多的机会,推动两国合作迈上新的台阶!我对中英关系的明天充满信心,更充满期待!
谢谢大家!
Francis Bacon said, “A wise man will make more opportunities, than he finds.” The Chinese and British people, with vision and creativity, can certainly create more opportunities and lift our cooperation to a new level.I have every confidence in and great expectation for the future of China-UK relations.Thank you.