dream有关的词组及辨析

第一篇：dream有关的词组及辨析

关于梦想的唯美英文句子

1、dream is the starting line of our actions, knowledge is our forward accelerator, we insist that it is non-stop pace, wisdom is our key to success.梦想是我们行动的起跑线，知识是我们前进的加速器，坚持是我们不停的步伐，智慧是我们成功的法宝。

2、your future depends on your dreams.你的梦想决定着你的未来。

3、your dream is not what you find in your sleep but what makes you not sleep.所谓梦想，不是你睡觉时梦到了什么，而是想到了什么令你激动得没法睡觉。

4、the wandering footsteps let others crush the dream of a better tomorrow, there is no good things must come to an end.maybe this world is really only hazy is true.让别人徘徊的脚步踩碎你明天美好的梦想，天下没有不散的宴席。也许这人间真的只有朦朦胧胧才是真。

5、dream like you’ll live forever,live like you you’ll die today--mahatma gandhi 梦想吧，一如你将永生，生活吧，一如你今天就会死去-甘地

6.every life is a boat, the dream is the boat sail.每个人的生命都是一只小船，梦想是小船的风帆。

12.as wishes may inspire dreams, so dreams may inspire wishes.正如心愿能够激发梦想，梦想也能够激发心愿关于梦想的经典语句关于梦想的经典语句。

13.human nature is the most pathetic: we always dream of the horizon of a wonderful rose garden, not to enjoy today in our window open rose.人性最可怜的就是：我们总是梦想着天边的一座奇妙的玫瑰园，而不去欣赏今天就开在我们窗口的玫瑰。

beyond sb.'s dream 超过某人的期望 live /be in a dream 象作梦一样;梦一样的过日子 go about in a dream 象作梦一样;梦一样的过日子 go to one's dreams 进入梦乡 like a dream 毫不费力地 not dream of 无论如何不会考虑到,决无...之意 never little dream of 无论如何不会考虑到,决无...之意 pipe dream [口](鸦片鬼的)幻想,白日做梦,想入非非的计划 read a dream 圆梦

walking dream 空想,白日梦 wet dream 梦中遗精 dream away 象梦一样地度过,虚度 dream out 象梦一样地度过,虚度 dream through 象梦一样地度过,虚度 dream of 梦见;梦想 设想,考虑 dream about 梦见;梦想 设想,考虑 dream up [口]凭想象虚构,凭空想象出 dream out [口]凭想象虚构,凭空想象出

To be living in a dream world

当我们说某人‘living in a dream world’，可以表示对某事存有不切实际的期望。

You're living in a dream world if you think that you can quit your job and live without an income.如果你认为你可以辞职然后过没有收入的生活，那你就是活在梦里。

Beyond one's wildest dreams or Not/never in one's wildest dreams

这些短语可以被用来谈论你认为基本不可能但是的确发生了的事情。

Receiving a scholarship to study overseas was beyond my wildest dreams.收到奖学金在海外学习超越了我最高的期望。

Never in my wildest dreams did I think I could learning swimming at this age.在我的最高期望中，从来没有想过我可以在这个年纪学习游泳。

第二篇：5 英语考试常用词汇、词组辨析

在职攻硕英语考试常用词汇、词组辨析

本部分将常用易混词和词组归纳为127例，进行详细的辨析，并举例说明，以便于考生掌握使用。以下这些词大部分出现在大纲词表上，考生应在学习中特别注意加以区分。（1）abroad adv./aboard adv./board n.&v.前两个词是副词，词形相近，容易记混。这两个词的意思差异很大。abroad意为“在国外”；而aboard的意思是“登（机），上（车船等）”，与动词go搭配来表示登机等；最后一个词board常用来表示“登机，上船”，是动词。

例：I have decided to study abroad next year.我已决定明年去国外读书。It is time to go aboard.现在该登机了。

We are asked to board half an hour before departure time.起飞前半小时之内，我们必须登机。（2）absorb v./concentrate v.absorb原义为“吸收”，引申词义为“吸引（注意力，精力等）”，常用于be absorbed in sth.表示“被„„吸引住，专注于”；concentrate的意思是“集中精神，全神贯注，聚精会神”，多与on或upon连用。例：The picture absorbed my attention.我被这幅画迷住了。

He found his brother absorbed in the watching of the match.他发现弟弟在聚精会神地看比赛。

She tried to concentrate on her work in the university.她试图专心致志地在大学里工作。

（3）accomplish vt./complete vt.&a./achieve vt.accomplish的词义是“成功地完成每项任务”，尤其指经过一定努力后完成；complete主要指“全部完成了，没有剩下”，另外complete也是形容词，意为“完整的，完全的”；achieve与accomplish相近，指“经过努力最终达到预期的目标”。

例：I knew that I had accomplished something during my first year in Beijing.我知道在北京的第一年我已经取得了一些成就。

I have just completed the revision of this report.我刚刚完成对报告的修订。

He went to London without having achieved any success.他一事无成便去了伦敦。

（4）accurate a./correct a./exact a.accurate的意思是“精确的，准确的”；correct的意思是“正确的，没有错误的”；exact的意思是“确切的，正好的”。

例：I need an accurate figure on what we have lost in the battle.1 我需要有关战事损失的准确数字。

This is not the correct answer to that question.这不是那个问题的正确答案。

These are the exact tools those people used several thousand years ago.这些人几千年前用的就是这种工具。

（5）acquire v./require v./inquire v.这几个词词形、发音相近，容易记混。acquire的意思是“经过自己的努力获得，习得”；require的意思是“要求”；inquire的意思是“调查，询问，打听”。例：She has acquired a new set of interests.她现在又有了一些新的爱好。

The rules require us all to be present.按规定我们都要出席。

Why don’t you inquire by telephone? 你为什么不打电话询问一下呢？

（6）actual a./genuine a./original a./real a./practical a.actual指“实际上”、“事实上”存在或发生的事情，或人所共知的客观事实；genuine指与真实情况“一模一样”，“名符其实”，“真心的”；original指信息或消息等“原原本本”的情况，见解等“独到而非抄袭别人”；real指“真实存在的，不是假的或捏造的；practical指从实践、实用角度讲“实事求是的，可行的，有实际经验的”。

例：The actual cost of repairs was a lot less than we had expected.实际的修理费用比我们预期的要低得多。This ring is genuine gold.这枚戒指是真金的。

This is an original play, not an adaptation.这是一本原创剧本，不是改编而成的。

He is just a recent graduate experiencing the real world for the first time.他只是一个刚毕业首次体验现实世界的毕业生。

This kind of product is worthless for all practical purposes.这种产品毫无实用价值。（7）adapt v./adopt v.这两个词拼写只差一个字母，非常容易记混。adapt的意思是“改编，改作„„用，适应”；adopt是“收养，采用，采纳”。

例：I suggest that he should adapt himself to new conditions.我建议他要适应新的环境。

This play has been skillfully adapted from the original novel.改编者很熟练地将原小说改编成一部戏剧。

We can adapt this old house for use as a garage.我们可以将这座旧房改造成一个车库。

Her mother had adopted a disapproving attitude.她母亲采取了不赞成的态度。

They have decided to adopt me as their own daughter.他们已决定收养我做女儿。

（8）adequate a./sufficient a.adequate常用来表示“充足的，完备的，完善的，胜任的”；sufficient则表示“在数量上是足够的，多的”。在表示充足的含义上前者更强调足够用来做某事，而后者则表示多，不缺乏。例：His wages are adequate to support these people。他的收入足以养活这些人。

Two pounds of orange will be sufficient for the party，don’t buy more.两磅柑桔就够聚会用的了，不必再多买了。（9）administration n./management n.这两个名词都是与管理有关的名词。administration的主要含义是“行政管理，政府等”，而management比前者的含义广，它可以指“包括企业管理在内的各种管理，经营”，也可以指“行政管理”。例：An executive should be experienced in administration.一个管理者应有行政管理的经验。

Nothing was done by the last administration.上届政府什么事也没干。

The management of the business has been done very well.这个企业管理得很好。

She is going to report the whole thing to the management.她将向领导做全面汇报。

（10）admit v./allow v./permit v./approve v.这几个词都有“同意，批准，允许”的意思，要注意区别运用。admit的意思是“同意进入，允许进入”（常与to连用）；allow泛指“一般的同意，允许”；permit常用来表示“上下级之间的允许，批准”；approve的主要意思是“批准（条文，协议等），赞同”（常与of连用）。例：This ticket will admit two to the opening ceremony of the exhibition.这张展览会开幕式的入场券可允许两人入场。

His mother didn’t allow him to watch TV before he finished his homework.不做完作业，他母亲不许他看电视。

This state permits the sale of alcoholic beverages.本州允许销售酒精类饮料。

Do you think my father would permit this? 你认为我父亲会同意这样做吗？ Congress approved the budget.国会批准了该预算。I do not approve at all of his moral character.我根本不赞同他的道德品格。

（11）advantage n./merit n./virtue n.advantage的主要意思是“优势，好处”，为可数名词，常用于短语take advantage of sth.；merit的主要意思是“优点，长处，好处，可取之处”，是可数名词，也是不可数名词；virtue的主要意思是“美德，品德，优点”，主要从事物的品质或价值的角度讲优点。例：I said we could see certain advantages in a change.我是说我们可以在改变中看到其优势。He knew the merit of his work.他了解他的工作的优点。

One of his virtues is that he never gets angry.他的美德之一就是他从不生气。

（12）affair n./event n./incident n.affair的意思是“有关的事，事务，活动等”，如foreign affairs（外事），也常指婚外恋；event指“每日里发生的事件，事或活动，比赛项目”；incident同event意思相近，指“事件，事”，尤指较重大的、有影响的政治事件等。

例：They have no right to interfere in the domestic affairs of Iran.他们无权干涉伊朗的内政。

The affair remained a complete mystery.那件事至今还是个谜。

The important event of the week was the big storm.那一周中的大事就是那场大暴风雪。

Coming events in the village include a dance-show and a treat for the school children.村里即将发生的大事，就是招待学校的孩子们和舞蹈表演。Our team won the silver medal in this event.我们队获得该项目的银牌。

On the very day before I left, an incident occurred.事件就发生在我要离开的当天。

There were several incidents on the frontier between the two nations in the 50s.50年代两国边境发生了许多大事。（13）afford v./offer v./provide v.afford的意思是“有条件担负，支付得起”；offer的意思是“给予，提出，出价”；provide的意思是“提供，供给，为„„做准备”，常与for, with一起连用。例：John can’t afford to give so much time to it.约翰花不起这么多时间来做这件事。

I don’t think we’ll be able to afford any travel any more.我想我们没钱再旅行了。They were friendly and even offered assistance.他们很友好，甚至表示愿意帮助我们。

Mrs.Baines offered no comment on Susan’s situation.贝恩太太对苏珊的处境未做任何评论。

On Sundays his landlord provided dinner as well as breakfast.周日，他的房东为他既提供早餐又提供晚餐。

He provided for his family by working in a factory。他靠在工厂做工来养家。

We must provide for the future.我们必须为将来做好准备。（14）alarm n.&v./warn n.&v.alarm的意思是“提醒，警告”，有使警觉，使做好准备的意思；warn的意思主要指“警告，告诫”，有事先告诉可能发生的事，警告说„„的意思。

例：There were several alarms during the night but no actual air raid actually took place.当夜，空袭警报拉响了数次，但并没有飞机来袭。He warned us that the road was icy.他警告我们说道路很滑。

（15）alike a.&adv./ identical a.这两个词都有长得一样，长得像的意思。alike是副词也是形容词，只做表语用；identical是形容词，意思是“同一个，完全相同”，除了作表语，也可以在名词前做定语，可用于词组be identical with。例：My brother and I are exactly alike.我兄弟和我长得一模一样。

It’s the identical coat which was stolen from my wife.这就是我妻子丢失的那件上衣。Your pen is identical with mine.你这支钢笔和我那支完全一样。

（16）area n./region n./zone n./district n.area通常用于面积可测量或计算的地区，界限明确，但不指行政区划。如：60 years ago, half French people were still living in the rural area.region常指地理上有天然界限或具有某种特色（如气候、自然条件）自成一个单位的地区。如：the Arctic regions北极地区。另外region也指较大的行政单位。如：Xinjiang Autonomous Region.zone通常指地理上的“（地）带”，尤指图表上的环形地带。如：refugees from the war zone从战争地区来的难民。district指行政划分的区，比region小，通常指市镇内的一区。如：Hai dian district海淀区

（17）alive a./live a./vivid a./lively a.alive指“活着的，处于工作状态的”的意思，和dead反义，常作表语。live指“有生命的”，即having life，“正处于工作状态”的意思。vivid指人的表情、故事等“生动”、“逼真”、“活泼”等。lively指人及生物等充满生机和活力，即“活泼的”、“充满生气的”。（18）affect v./influence v.这两个词都有“影响”的意思。

1）affect vt.作“影响”讲时可分三种情况：

① 直接的、有形的力量作用于某事物或事件并使之发生变化。

例：They try to affect the size of a crop by using fertilizer.他们施肥料以使庄稼长大。

② 用于表示对某事物或事产生不好的影响。

例：Exposure to intense light affects one’s eyes adversely.暴露在强光之下会损害眼睛。

③ 指对另外一个人感情上的影响，感染，感动。例：Music affects some people very strongly.音乐对一些人有强烈的感染力。

He was much affected at the sad sight.他深为这一悲伤的情景所感动。

2）influence通常指“不易觉察到的、潜移默化的影响”，往往是间接的，通过说服或以实际行动树立榜样而对他人产生影响。

例：He was influenced by a middle school teacher to take up the study of medicine.他受到一位中学教师的影响而学了医。（19）allowance n./tuition n.allowance 的意思是“生活费，补贴”；tuition的意思是“学费”。

例：They gave her a small allowance but didn’t pretend to like her work.他们给她一小笔生活费，但对她的工作却不甚满意。

At this school the tuition is free，but you have to pay for the books you need.这所学校免收学费，但书费要你自己负担。（20）amaze v./amuse v.这两个词词形相近，容易混。amaze的意思是“使惊愕，使惊讶”；amuse的意思是“使开心，使高兴”。这两个词用于被动式时，后而都接介词at(be amazed/amused at sth.)。例：She was amazed at the man’s sympathy with life.这个男人对生命的同情态度让她感到很惊讶。A clown’s job is to amuse the spectators.马戏团小丑的工作就是逗观众开心。

（21）announce v./declare v./claim v.announce的意思是“通知，宣布（结果，决定等）”；declare的意思是“宣布（公告，法律等），声明”；claim意为“声称，要求得到，认领”。

例：She announced that the singer would give one extra song.她宣布歌手将再加唱一首歌。

The United States and China had declared their normalization of diplomatic relations.中美双方宣布了双边外交关系的正常化。

They declared martial law in the mining communities.他们宣布对矿区实行军事管制。

If anybody owns this camera, will he or she please come forward and claim it? 请这部相机的失主前来认领。

She claims to be as good a pianist as Themelis!她声称自己的钢琴弹得与Themelis一样棒。（22）annoyed a./upset a.annoyed的意思是“不快的，恼火的”（比angry的程度要低），从生气的角度讲不高兴；upset的意思是“不高兴，难过，不舒服”，从感到别扭的角度讲不高兴。例：She was annoyed at your saying that.你这么说让她很不自在。

I’ll be quite upset now, if you don’t come.如果你不来，我会很不安的。

（23）apparatus n./instrument n./device n./appliance n.apparatus主要指“器械，装置，仪器，器官”；instrument主要指“仪器，工具，乐器”；device指“器具，装置，仪表，手段”；appliance指“器具，器械，家用电器等”。例：The television men set up their apparatus, ready to film.摄制组的人架好机器准备开拍。

All surgical instruments must be sterilized before use.手术前，所有手术器械必须消毒。

The television receiver is an electronic device.电视接收机是一种电子设备。

The kitchen is equipped with modern appliances.厨房装备了现代化的炊事用具。（24）appoint v./assign v.appoint的意思是“任命，指派，委任”，后多跟职位一类的名词；assign的相关意思是“分配，分派，指定”，后多跟具体的工作。

例：They appointed him Minister of Education.他们任命他为教育部长。

She was appointed to the Chairmanship of the Committee.她被任命为委员会的主席。

The problem was assigned to a commission.这项任务交给了一个特别委员会去处理。I assign you to wash the dishes.我分配你去洗盘子。

（25）approach n./method n.这两个词都可以表示方法。approach常指“针对某一问题的解决处理方法”，后跟介词to；method泛指“任何方法”，适用范围比approach要广，后常跟介词of。例：There is no very easy approach to mathematics.数学研究上没有什么捷径。

It is surprising that they should choose this method of passing the evening.很奇怪，他们怎么会选择这种方式来打发这个晚上。（26）approve v./permit v./admit v.approve指较正式地对某种事情表示认可、赞同或批准；permit指允许、不禁止某人干某事；admit指容纳，允许进入，承认。

例：The mayoress approved the new building plans.女市长批准了新建筑计划。

She won’t permit dogs in the house.她不准许家中有狗。He was admitted to the commission.他被该委员会接纳。（27）arise v./arouse v.arise是不及物动词，意为“发生，产生，出现”；arouse是及物动词，意为“引起，激起，唤起”。例：A democratic movement has arisen.一场民主运动应运而生。We aroused him from his deep sleep.我们把他从睡梦中唤醒。（28）assemble v./resemble v.这两个词词形与发音相近，assemble意为“集中，集合，装配”；resemble意为“相像”。例：People began to assemble on the platform.人们开始向月台聚集。In that factory they can assemble a car in less than 15 minutes.在那家工厂，工人们不到15分种就装配好一部汽车。Smith resembles his father very much in all his ways.史密斯各方面都象他的父亲。

（29）assure v./ensure v./insure v./reassure v.assure和ensure都有“保证，确保”之意。assure指十分肯定地向某人保证某事一定要发生，使其放心，因此后面往往跟人做宾语。ensure则强调能保证某种行为或某事件的结果一定发生。insure特指保险，替„„做保险；reassure意为“使人放心，使人安心，再向„„保证”。例：I assure you of the reliability of the information.我可以向你保证这消息是可靠的。

Ensure that it is written into your contract.你得保证把这一点写到合同中去。Is your house insured against fire? 你的房子做了防火保险了吗？

The woman was worried about the dangers of taking aspirins, but her doctor reassured her.这名妇女担心服用阿司匹林会带来危险，她的医生让她放心，不会有危险的。（30）assess v./access n.这两个词词形与发音很相近，容易搞混。assess是动词，意为“评估，估价”；access是名词，意为“通路，能接近或使用”，后常跟介词to。

例：The value of the property has been assessed at $70,000.这处房产的估价为7万美元。

They sent someone to assess the value of the factory.他们派人去评估那家工厂的价值。

The only access to the building is along the muddy track.通往那座建筑物的惟一通道就是这条泥泞的小路。

Only senior students have the access to this reading room.只有高年级的同学才能进这间阅览室。

（31）attach v./stick v.attach的主要意思是“附加，附着”，强调附加；stick的主要意思是“粘贴，贴附于，紧贴着，固定”，强调紧密。

例：Wires are then attached to the ends of the electrodes.然后将导线接到电极的一端。

There was a nice little present for everyone, with a suitable poem attached.每人都有一份礼物，每份礼物都附有一首得体的小诗。Just stick 2 stamps on the envelope.在信封上贴上两张邮票。

He stuck a rose in his buttonhole.他在扣眼里插了一枝玫瑰。

（32）attribute to/owe to/due to attribute to意为“归因于，认为是„„的结果”；owe to意为“„„应归功于„„”；due to意为“由于，因„„造成，归功于”，常用作表语或状语。

例：Mr.Dolittle attributes his good health to careful living.杜德先生把自己的健康体魄归功于审慎的生活方式。If I have improved in any way, I owe it all to you.如果我有所进步的话，那应该归功于你。His absence was due to the storm.由于风暴他未能出席。

He failed due to carelessness.他的粗心导致了他的失败。

（33）wake v./awake v.&a./waken v./awaken v.wake为动词，意思是“叫醒，醒来，唤醒”；awake意为“醒来，叫醒”，作形容词时意为“醒着”；waken是动词，意为“叫醒，闹醒”；awaken是动词，意为“叫醒”，多用于引申意义“觉醒，引起”。这四个词中最常用的是wake，尤其在口语中；awake和awaken多用其引申意义；awake常用作不及物动词；awaken/waken多用作及物动词。

例：My brother wakes at seven each morning.我弟弟每天早上7点钟醒来。This at once awakened suspicion.9 这马上引起了大家的怀疑。

When he awoke Joseph was beside him.当他醒来时，约瑟夫就在他身边。The national spirit awoke.民族精神觉醒了。

She gently wakened the sleeping child.她轻轻地叫醒熟睡的孩子。（34）award v.&n./prize v.&n.award作动词意为“发给„„奖品等”，作名词意为“奖品，奖金等”；prize作动词意为“珍视”，作名词意为“奖品，奖金”，也可以指“宝贵的物或人”，prize还可以作形容词，意为“获奖的”。例：The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award.奥林匹克冠军获得了金牌的奖励。They awarded him the Nobel prize.他们为他颁发诺贝尔奖。

Prizes will be given for the three best stories.三部最佳作品将获奖。

Jane soon became popular for a prize rose.简因那枝获奖玫瑰而远近闻名。As a secretary she was a prize.她真是一个不可多得的秘书。（35）aware a./notice v.&n.aware意为“意识到的，认识到的”，常用词组be aware of；notice意为“注意到，察觉到”，notice还可以作名词，意为“通知，注意”。

例：She was not aware of his presence till he spoke to her.直到他跟她讲话她才注意到他的存在。She is politically aware.她很有政治头脑。

Did you notice anything else peculiar? 你有没有注意到任何特别的东西？ They sent me a notice.他们给我发了一个通知。

（36）behave v./conduct v./act v.behave指人的行为、举止和表现。本为不及物动词，但用作此义时可与反身代词连用；conduct与behave在作“行为”、“举止”讲时同义，但强调自我控制、约束；act作“行为”、“举止”讲时，为不及物动词，不能和反身代词连用。

例：The child behaved(himself)badly at the party.那孩子在聚会上的表现很差。

She conducted herself stoically in her time of grief.她悲伤时，表现出奇的冷静。She acts like a born leader.她的举止象个天生的领导。（37）blame v./scold v.blame的意思是“责备，怪罪，埋怨”；scold的意思是“（厉声）责骂，斥责”。例：I don’t blame you, I blame myself.我不怪你，我怪我自己。

He blamed his failure on his teacher.他把自己的失败归咎于他的老师。

Her father scolded her for being too free with the soldiers.她父亲斥责她与这些兵交往太随便。（38）breed v./feed v.breed意为“养殖，培育，繁殖，教养”；feed意为“喂养，饲养”。例：Some animals will not breed when kept in cages.有些动物关在笼子里就会很难繁殖。Many farmers breed cows and sheep.许多农民养牛和羊。

She was feeding the baby with porridge.她正用粥喂自己的宝宝。

The cows were feeding quietly in the meadows.牛群在草地上静静地吃草。（39）burden n./load n.burden意为“负担，包袱，担子”，多为贬义；load意为“装载物，负荷，工作量”，也可指“思想上的负担，压力”。

例：They don’t want to add to the government’s burden.他们不想给政府添包袱。

He was faced with the severe financial burden.他面临着严重的财政负担。

The bridge has been built to support very heavy load.建这座桥是为了使重载车也能通过。The load on her mind grew lighter.她的思想负担轻了许多。

（40）campaign n./champion n.这两个词词形与发音相近，容易弄混。campaign意为“（竞选）运动，战役”；champion意为“冠军”。例：The Germans were defeated in the campaign in North Africa.德国人在北非战役中打了败仗。

The Party suggested a renewed campaign to raise production and practise economy.该党建议发起新的一轮运动来提高生产，发展经济。

The champion issued a challenge to all other boxers to fight him.拳击冠军向所有其他拳击手发出挑战。

（41）canal n./channel n./tunnel n.canal意为“运河等人工开凿的河流”；channel的意思是“海峡，渠道”，频道；tunnel的意思是“隧道，地道”。

例：The big canal was completed in five years.修建这条大运河花了5年时间。

The English Channel separates France from England.英吉利海峡将英法两国隔开。

You should go through the official channels if you want the government to help.如果你想得到政府的帮助，你就必须通过官方渠道。

The railroad passes under the mountain through a tunnel.铁路经隧道从大山下面通过。

（42）candidate n./applicant n./competitor n./representative n.candidate意为“候选人，应征者”；applicant意为“申请人”；competitor意为“竞赛对手”；representative意为“代表”。

例：This time our candidate got 260 votes.这一次我们的候选人获得了260张选票。There were three applicants for the job.这项工作有3个人申请。

Tell the competitors for the next race to come here.告诉下一项比赛的参赛者到这里来。

James is our representative at the meeting.詹姆斯在会上是代表我们的。

（43）cargo n./commodity n./goods n.cargo一般指“船或飞机运载的货物”；commodity意为“商品”；goods用来泛指“商品，货物等”。例：These planes can carry a cargo of six tons.这些飞机能运载6吨货物。

Wine is one of the many commodities that France sells abroad.葡萄酒是法国向海外销售的许多商品之一。

The goods were brought round early this morning.今天一大早，这些货物就被带来。

Consumer goods production was to go up by 7 percent.消费品生产计划增长7%。

（44）case n./condition n./situation n./occasion n.case常指事物的特定情况，事情真相和始末，如“病例”、“案件”等；condition指某时某处事情发展、存在的状况、状态或条件，一个人的“感觉如何”；situation往往指一组情况或一些情况的综合，常译为“情况”、“形势”；occasion指特定的“时机”、“场合”、“良机”。例：All the people involved in this case must be present.所有与这起案件有关的人都必须到场。

Conditions in the office made concentration impossible.办公室的状况根本不可能使人专心。

The current international situation is not optimistic.目前的国际形势不容乐观。

It is not very suitable to sing such a song on this formal occasion.在这种场合唱这样一首歌是不太合适的。

（45）chance n./opportunity n./advantage n./fortune n.chance着重指偶然或意外的可能，有时也指“好机会”，这时可用“opportunity”替代；opportunity着重指“好机会”，带有“适逢其时、正好便于行事”之意；advantage指有利的条件或优势；fortune指人“交好运气”，有一定迷信的色彩。例：There is a chance that I will see him these days.这几天我有可能见到他。

The 2008 Olympic Games will bring us many opportunities and challenges.2008年奥运会将给我们带来许多机遇和挑战。It is to your advantage to invest wisely.明智地投资对你很有利。

It is also believed that fireworks will bring good fortune in the coming year.据说放鞭炮还能为人们在新的一年里带来好运气。

（46）contest n./match n./game n./play n./competition n.contest指“人与人之间进行争夺以取得优胜”之意；match指对手之间进行的比赛、竞赛等力量或智慧较量，通常指具体的比赛；game指决胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则；美国称比赛为game，英国称比赛为match；play最一般用语，指通过游戏或运动达到娱乐目的文体活动；competition指对手之间以某种手段或智慧、力量等压倒对方而取胜。

例：She got the first prize in a recent beauty contest.她在最近的选美比赛中夺冠。

A critical football match is being transmitted on CCTV 5.中央五套正在转播一场关键的足球比赛。

The team is preparing for taking part in the coming winter games.这支队伍正在为即将举行的冬运会做准备。

The school uses some methods which combine language lessens with the play.这所学校采用了某些方法，将语言课与玩耍结合起来。

To get the advantage in the competition, you must have enough preparation in advance.为了在竞争中取得优势，你必须之前做好充足的准备。

（47）carry out/perform/realize/come true/come into being carry out指把预定的计划、规则等变成现实，其意相当于fulfill；perform是do的正规说法，指“执行”、“进行”某种任务或计划等；realize指把梦想、理想、雄心等变成现实，为及物动词；come true不及物用法，指梦想、理想等随时间前进而变成现实；come into being指原来没有的事物现在“开始存在”或“产生出来”。

例：It is time for us to carry out this plan.是我们实施这个计划的时候了。The surgeon performed the operation.医师做了手术。

He has finally realized his dream as a writer in his childhood.他终于实现了他童年时代想成为作家的梦想。

His dream as a writer in his childhood comes true finally.他童年时代想成为作家的梦想终于变成了现实。

Recently a new anti-Japan trend has come into being.最近产生了一股新的反日倾向。

（48）compose v./compile v./create v./produce v./conceive v.compose指把各种材料和构思编排成文章、乐曲等；compile着重指汇集资料而后加工成书籍、词典等；create着重指从无到有地进行“创造”、“创作”等；produce最一般用词，指通过一切方法“提出”或“生产”、“制造”出产品或思想成果；conceive指头脑经过思考、想像“想出”主意、办法、假设等。例：The great musician composed a wonderful musical piece during a night.这名伟大的音乐家在一夜之间就创作出了一首精美绝伦的音乐作品。It will take a long time and energy to compile a dictionary.编撰一本字典要耗费很多的时间和精力。

create a poem 创作一首诗；create a new life 创造一个新的生命 produce a videotape 制作一个录影带；produce a car 生产汽车

The sales manager has been conceiving a plan to increase profits all the night.销售经理整晚都在构想一个增加利润的计划。（49）companion n./fellow n.companion意为“同胞，伙伴，志趣相投的人”；fellow意为“同伴，同伙，家伙，一起共事的人”。例：My fellow travelers made good companions.我的旅伴是不错的搭档。

The boy went to join his fellows on the playing field.这孩了到操场上和其他小朋友玩起来。

（50）competent a./capable a./qualified a.这三个词都有可以做某事的意思，competent主要指“能胜任，称职，具有某种技能”；capable指“能干，有能力”，常用词组be capable of；qualified主要指“合格，有资格做某事”。例：Be sure to get a competent electrician for the job.一定要找一位称职的电气工程师来做这个工作。John is a very capable and very intelligent boy.约翰是一个非常有能力、非常聪明的孩子。

I don’t believe she is capable of winning the game.我不相信她有能力赢得这项比赛。

I am a qualified doctor, who will not hurt you.我是位合格的医生，不会伤害你的。（51）component n./element n.component意为“部件，元件，成分”，强调每部分是独立的、与其他不同的个体；element意为“元素，成分，要素”，强调每部分为最小的、不可再分的元素或单元。

例：The engine has more than 300 components, made of a number of different materials.这部引擎有300多个不同材料制成的零件。

Carbon is an element, while carbon dioxide is a compound.碳是一种元素，二氧化碳是一种化合物。

Honesty, industry, and kindness are elements of a good life.诚实、勤劳和善良是美好生活的要素。

（52）conserve v./reserve v./preserve v.conserve意为“保存，保护，节约”；reserve意为“保留，预定”；preserve意为“保存，保持，腌制，防腐”。

例：We must conserve our woodlands for future generations.我们必须为子孙后代保护好我们的林地。

I reserve the right to make my own decisions.我保留自己做决定的权利。

I reserved a table for four at Newland restaurant.我在新大陆餐馆定了一张四人桌。

A commission was set up to preserve historical houses in the city.成立了一个委员会来保护城里的那些历史建筑。Policemen preserve order in the streets.警察在街上维持秩序。

Fish are preserved in ice and salt until they are sold.鱼在出售前一直存放在冰和盐当中。（53）convert v./transform v.convert意为“改变，转变（信仰等）”，主要指把事物从一种状态改变为另一种状态，使其有了新的用途或特征；transform意为“变形，改变”，主要指外形，外表上的改变。例：These machines convert cotton into cloth.这些机器将棉花变成布。

Many Africans were converted to Christianity.许多非洲人皈依了基督教。

He transformed the old kitchen into a beautiful sitting room.他把一间旧厨房改造成一间美丽的客厅。（54）convince v./persuade v.convince意为“说服，使相信”；persuade意为“劝人做，使同意做，使相信”。例：I am not quite convinced by what he has said.他的话还不足以让我信服。

He convinced me that Howard was innocent.他使我相信霍华德是无辜的。

She persuaded Shelley to adopt a new job.她劝告雪莉接受新的工作。

She persuaded him that she was telling the truth.她使他确信她说的是实情。（55）crash v./crush v./smash v.crash指“车辆、飞机等的碰撞”；crush指“轧碎，辗碎”；smash指“打碎，摔碎”。例：I dropped the plate and it smashed.我失手将盘子掉在地上摔碎了。

One of his legs was crushed in an accident.他的一条腿在车祸中轧断了。

The airplane crashed into a house.那架飞机撞到了一所民宅上。

（56）danger n./risk n./hazard n.这三个词都可以用来表示危险。danger意为“面临危险的可能性或实际存在的危险，灾害”；risk与danger相比，意味着更多的遭受损失或失败的可能性，常用来指“有风险，冒着风险做某事”；hazard较danger更正式，多指“无法预见，无法控制的危险”。

例：They held a discussion to reduce the danger of military confrontation between the two nations.他们开会讨论了如何降低两国间发生军事冲突的危险。There is a risk of you catching cold.你有患感冒的危险。

The disease is spreading and all children under 5 are at risk.这种病正在蔓延，5岁以下的儿童都有染上该病的危险。Icy road is a hazard to all the drivers, especially the green hand.结冰的公路对所有的司机来说都是一种危险，对新手来说尤其如此。（57）decline v./reduce v./decrease v.decline指“数量、质量、重要性等慢慢减弱，下降，衰退的过程”；reduce多指“范围、强度、数量的减少，降低”，强调结果，主语往往是人；decrease意为“减少，降低”，强调减少，衰退的过程。例：During the crisis years the production of coal declined 41.6 percent.经济危机期间煤产量降低了41.6%。

We have reduced the price of the coat from $100 to $50.我们将这款外套的价格从100美元降到了50美元。Water consumption decreased during the winter.冬天耗水量下降了。

（58）defect n./fault n./mistake n./error n.这四个词容易弄混，实际上可分为两组：defect, fault指毛病、缺点；mistake和error指错误。defect指表面上的缺陷或人或物本质上的缺点，尤指生产品所存在的缺陷，着重指由于某种欠缺而影响到产品的质量，以致完全妨碍了某种功能的发挥。fault侧重于造成错误的个人责任，还可指人或物的缺点。fault指物时，特指缺乏某种要素而不完善，有毛病，过失。mistake指错误，由于有缺陷的判断，知识不足或粗心造成的失误或错误。error指错误，比较正式，常用于表现无意识地偏离正确的行为、主张或信念。例：The machine is unsafe because of the defects in it.这台机器因为有毛病，不安全。He suffers from a hearing defect.他听觉有毛病。

例：There is a small electrical fault in the motor.马达里的电路上有个小毛病。He could never accept the fact that he had been at fault.他无法接受自己有错这个事实。例：This mistake was made entirely through your fault.这个错误完全归咎于你。The waiter made a mistake over the bill.服务员把账算错了。Your paper is full of spelling mistakes.你的论文拼写错误很多。It is a mistake to leave my camera at home.把摄像机留在家里真是失策。

Professor Zhang found a technical error in your paper.张教授在你的论文中发现了一个技术性的错误。The accident was the result of human error.这事故是人为的错误造成的。

（59）despair n.&v./desperate a.despair是名词和动词，意为“沮丧，绝望，灰心丧气等”，常与in一起搭配；desperate是形容词，意为“绝望的，迫切的，不顾后果的”。例：Susan cried loudly in despair.苏珊绝望地失声痛哭。

Don’t despair, things will get better soon.别灰心，情况很快就会好转的。

He was desperate after the failure of his last attempt.最后一次尝试失败后，他绝望了。

The prisoners became desperate in their attempts to escape.囚犯们不顾一切地企图越狱逃跑。

（60）deserve v./justified a./reasonable a.deserve是动词，意为“应当享受„„，值得„„，应当（受到）„„”；justified为“有道理的，正当的”；reasonable意为“合情合理的，公道的，公平的”。

例：Mary really deserves a long holiday after two weeks’ work on end.玛丽连续工作了两个星期，她的确应享受一次长假。I’m perfectly willing to pay reasonable price.我非常愿意为一个合理的价格付款。

The editor is justified in refusing your lousy report.你这份报导写得真糟糕，编辑当然要拒发了。

（61）distinguish v./identify v.distinguish意为“区分，识别”，多与from，between等介词连用；identify意为“认出，识别出”。前者强调区分两个事物的差异，而后者多指从中认出，证明（是谁，是什么）。例：It was difficult to distinguish anything in the dark.黑暗中很难辨清物体。

Can you distinguish cotton cloth from nylon? 你能分清棉布和尼龙制品吗？

Could you identify your bicycle among a hundred others? 你能从100辆车中认出自己的自行车吗？

Fred identified the bag as his by telling what it contained.弗雷德讲出了包内存放物，从而认领了自己的包。

（62）discover n./invent n./conceive n./devise n.discover指首次“发现”原来早已存在的事物；invent指根据某种原理首次“研制”、“创造”、“发明”某种新东西；conceive构想出某种主意、方案或计划，着重指用脑筋设想、想像；devise着重指从多种可能性中反复研磨、试验，想出某种计划或设计出新东西。

例：Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机？ He is conceiving a new novel.他正在构思一部新的小说。

The man devised a new system for handling mails after experimenting many times.这个人在经过反复实验后设计出了一种新的信件处理系统。（63）disturb v./bother v./interrupt v.disturb意为“打扰，扰乱，使不安”，多用被动语态，指程度较深的烦恼，甚至心理方面的失常；bother意为“打扰，麻烦，费心”，常指暂时的，无关紧要的闲扰，在主动语态中bother有“有意打扰”的含义；interrupt意为“打断，使中断”。例如： The child continually disturbed the class.这个孩子不断地扰乱课堂秩序。

Emotionally disturbed children need special care and treatment.情感失调的孩子需要特别的关怀和治疗。

I’m sorry to bother you, but can you tell me the time? 对不起，打扰你了，请问几点了？ Don’t bother about meeting me.不必费心来见我。

It is not polite to interrupt a speaker.打断别人的讲话很不礼貌。He interrupted his work to answer the question.他中断了自己的工作来回答问题。（64）diversity n./variety n.diversity是不可数名词，有时作单数用，前面可加冠词a，意为“多种多样”，多指从总体的角度看里面包含着很多不同的东西；variety既是可数名词也是不可数名同，作为不可数名词时，意为“各种各样”，多指从个体的角度看每个个体都与其他不同，不单调，有变化。

例：Mary has a great diversity of interests；she likes sports, travel and photography.玛丽兴趣广泛，她喜欢体育运动、旅游和摄影。

What the students requested most often was variety within the lesson hour.学生们最经常的要求就是课堂上要花样翻新。

（65）durable a./permanent a./perpetual a./long-lasting a.durable指衣物的经久耐用或友谊、和平或品德等经得起考验的性质；permanent指永久不变的，如“永久的”住宅、地址或职业等；long-lasting指事物的旷日持久、历时已久的性质。例：a durable fabric 耐穿织物；a durable friendship 持久的友谊 The universal human are yearning for a permanent peace.全人类都在渴望实现一种永恒的和平。

Solving the pollution problem is a long-lasting battle.解决污染问题是一场旷日持久的战役。（66）environment n./surroundings n.surroundings 指一个人四周的生活环境，是从周围事物这一客观着眼。environment指包括空气、水、人类等在内的生态环境、自然环境，也可指精神环境，均从环境对人的感受、道德及观念的影响着眼。例：The guest house stands in picturesque surroundings.宾馆四周环境优美如画。Everyone prefers to live in clean and comfortable surroundings· 人人都愿意生活在清洁舒适的环境中。

A child’s character is greatly influenced by his home environment.孩子的性格受家庭影响很大。

（67）examination n./investigation n./inspection n.examination一般用词，可指粗略的察看或对事物的细节也进行细致的考察；investigation指对某一事件、案件进行的从头至尾的调查研究；inspection强调按照确定的标准对事物进行的检验、视察。例：When shall we receive the examination results?(= exam)我们什么时候可以收到考试结果？ a medical examination体格检查

The police investigation will take weeks.警察的调查将进行几个星期。

The mayor made an inspection of the school.市长视察了这所学校。

（68）extend v./expand v./expend v./stretch v./spread v./scatter v.extend意为“延伸，扩展，伸出”；expand意为“张开，展开，膨胀”；expend意为“用掉，耗费掉”；stretch指把某样东西变长，通常不是加长，而是用拉伸的方法使之变长；spread指使某物摊开、展开或消息等向四面八方传播开；scatter指把种子、垃圾或其他碎物撒开。例：She extended both hands towards her mother.她向母亲伸出双臂。The road extends for miles.这条路绵延数英里。

He expanded his short story into a novel.他将自己的一篇短篇小说扩展为一部长篇小说。Metal expands by heating.金属加热后会延展。

They had expended a great amount of time on the project.他们在这项工程上耗费了许多时间。

He tried to stretch the banner between two poles.他努力把旗在两杆之间拉直。

spread her fingers张开手指；spread the news 传播消息

We spread the bicycle parts out on the floor.我们将自行车零件在地板上摊开。

The farmer scattered the corn in the yard for the hens.农民把谷子撒在院子里喂鸡。

（69）feeling n./emotion n./passion n.均可表示“感情”。feeling泛指一般的情绪，在心理学上特指受到外界刺激所产生的感觉。emotion指受到刺激所产生的喜怒哀乐等激动情绪。passion指往往不能自持的极强烈的情绪，如强烈的愤怒、爱好、恋情、情欲等。

例：a feeling of happiness幸福感；a feeling of shame羞愧感 His voice was choked with emotion.他激动得说不出话来。My current passion is to play chess.我现在的激情是下棋。（70）fragment n./segment n.fragment意为“片段，碎片”，强调不完整，碎的概念；segment意为“瓣，事物（如网）的一段等”，突出一部分的概念。

例：She dropped the bowl on the floor, and it broke into fragments.她失手将碗掉在地板上摔成碎片。

He overheard fragments of their conversation.他偷听到他们谈话的一些片段。

An orange is easily pulled apart into its segments.我们可以很容易地把桔子剥成一瓣一瓣的。The shaded part is a segment of the circle.阴影部分是圆的一部分。

（71）gather v./assemble v./collect v.gather指把东西集中在一起或把人召集在一起。assemble指装配，集合，聚集。这个词表明所涉及的人或物有确定的通常是紧密的联系，表示涉及的人是出于共同的兴趣或目的而聚集。collect指为了特定的目的把东西经过仔细挑选后收集起来。

例：A group of students gathered in front of the administration building.一群学生聚集在行政大楼前面。

assemble the jury召集陪审团；assemble a machine装配机器 collect antiques收集古物；collect stamps集邮

（72）glimpse v.&n./glance v.&n.19 glimpse意为“瞥见一眼”，有时表示一点点，多从结果的角度讲，常用于短语get a glimpse of/catch a glimpse of;glance意为“很快地看一眼，一瞥”，多从动作的角度讲，常与at连用，词组为at a glance, glance through/over。

例：We glimpsed the field through the trees.透过树丛我们瞥了一眼田野。

We caught a glimpse of his face as he ran past.他从我们身边跑过时，我们看了一眼他的长相。I knew a glimpse of truth.我了解一些真相。

I had a glimpse of his true feelings when I saw how worried he was.当我看到他是如此着急时，我隐约意识到一点他的真实情感。I took a glance at the book.我飞快地浏览了一下这本书。She glanced quickly at them all.她很快地扫了他们一眼。（73）ignore v./neglect v.ignore意为“漠视，不理睬”；neglect意为“忽视，遗漏，疏忽”。例：Ann ignored her friend’s confusion.安娜不理睬她的朋友现在迷惑不解的样子。

The boy was so rude that we decided to ignore him.那个男孩太粗鲁，我们决定不去理睬他。You’re neglecting your work.你工作太不上心了。

I’ve neglected to clean your room this morning.今天早上我忘记打扫你的房间了。（74）ill a./sick a./faint v.ill指“不健康”，“坏”；英语用ill作表语当“生病”讲，美国则用sick。sick作“生病”讲，美国更常用，此外，常指“恶心”、“想呕吐”、“讨厌”等意。faint指“头晕”、“失神无力”。例：The child has been ill-treated in the orphan house.这孩子在孤儿院里一直受虐待。

ill effects副作用

She feels sick in buses.她在公共汽车上觉得很恶心。She fainted because of the heat.她热昏过去了。

（75）equipment n./facility n./appliance n./instrument n.equipment指成套的装备，设备，器具；facility指服务性的设施或为使主要设备工作方便而造的辅助设备；appliance指用于特定目的的工具，器具或家用器具等；instrument指科研、实验仪器或乐器等。例：office equipment 办公室设备；travel equipment旅行设备 public facilities公共设施；health care facilities.医疗保健设施 household appliances家用电器

musical instrument乐器；optical instrument光学仪器（76）imply v./suggest v./infer v.20 imply指暗含某种意思而不明言的“暗示”；suggest指用间接的、旁敲侧击的办法表示出自己的看法；infer表示推断, 指由证据或根据得出结论或由特定情况推测。例：Silence sometimes implies consent.沉默有时暗指同意。His erect and careless attitude suggested assurance and power.他直截了当和粗心的态度让人想到确信和力量。

I infer from your letter that you have not made up your mind yet.我从你信中推想，你还没有下决心。

（77）initiate v./launch v./start v./set off initiate用在较正式的场合，表示“发起”、“提议”，口语可用begin替代；launch指公开地有一定声势地“发起”或“开始, ”某项事业或运动；start指事物从静止状况开始运动，或开始某种实际活动等；set off常指“动身”、“出发”或“引起”某种突然的行动。

例：The two countries initiated their trade with each other until recently.直到最近两国之间才开始贸易往来。

The organization launched a campaign to support environmental protection.该组织发起了一项运动来支持环境保护。

It is three years since he started his studies in the college.自从他开始在那所大学学习已经是三年了。What else should we do before we set off ? 在我们动身前还有其他什么要做的吗？

（78）intend v./volunteer v./offer v./attempt v.intend指内心中具有某种尚不明确的意向或决定，即“意欲”、“想要”干什么；volunteer强调出自个人内心的自觉自愿的行动；offer指主动地向对方提出建议、给予奉献或帮助等；attempt指尝试采取某种行动以观察是否能够成功，暗指对其行动的结果缺乏成功的把握。例：I intend to go shopping this weekend.Many Chinese college students volunteer to be a teacher in remote and poor area.许多中国大学生志愿到边远贫困地区支教。

He offered us his help, which made us grateful.他主动提出给我们帮助，让我们很感动。

The criminal attempted to escape, but he failed.那名罪犯企图逃跑，但是没有得逞。

（79）merge v./combine v./join v./unite v.merge指数家公司或商行合并为一家；或使原来的事物在新事物中消失或被吞没；combine指把原来的事物结合起来成为新的统一体；join指把一些东西结合在一起，或连接在一起；unite与combine相近，尤指把各种力量团结成一个整体，侧重于结合起来的人或物的协调性或一致性。

例：Lately two big software companies has merged, which has aroused wide media concern.最近两家大的电脑公司合并，引起了媒体的广泛关注。

The two principal political parties have combined to form a government.两个主要政党已经联合起来组成政府。

The children joined hands.孩子们拉起手来。

We must unite together in order to realize our common purposes.为了共同的目标我们必须团结起来。

（80）memorize v./remember v./remind v./reflect v.memorize指有目的地记忆一些东西的内容；remember指在头脑中保存着某一事物或印象，加以思索，即可想出；remind指使人回想起某人某事，或提醒某人让他记住某事；reflect指仔细思索记忆中的往事，意为“反省”、“细想”。

例：The computer can memorize and deal with millions of data.这台计算机能够存储并处理数百万个数据。Do you remember to lock the door? 记着锁门了吗？

These photos remind me of my college life.这些照片使我回想起我的大学时光。

You should often reflect the mistakes you have made.你应该经常反省一下自己曾经犯过的错误。

（81）migrant n./emigrant n./immigrant n.这三个词都与移居者有关，由于前缀不同，含义不同：migrant移民，immigrant移入者，即入境移民。emigrant是ex的变体（=out）：移出者，即出境移民，指自本国移居他国者。（82）only a./sole a./ single a./ unique a.only常用词，指“惟一的”，含“不会再多”之意；sole语气比 only 强，也较庄严，指“单独的”，即“一类中只有这一个”；single强调“单个的，单一的”；unique指“独一无二的”、“无可匹敌的”。例：This is the only solution to our current difficulty.这是解决我们目前的困难的惟一的办法。The court has the sole right to decide.法庭拥有独有的决定权。

a single room单人间；a single bed单人床

That building is unique because all the others like it were destroyed.那座建筑很独特，因为所有像它那样的其他建筑都毁坏了。（83）original a./creative a.除了其他意思之外，这两个词都有“创造”的含义。original强调“原创的”，比creative的含义窄一些，突出发源地的概念，原创的概念；creative强调“创造，有创造性”，突出从无到有的创造过程。例：The masses have boundless creative power.人民大众有着无穷的创造力。

James was one of the most creative writers.詹姆斯是最有创造性的作家之一。

He found it hard to form an original opinion.他觉得很难有新意。

She won an award for the most original design.她获得了最佳创意设计奖。（84）particular a./special a.particular意为“特殊的，特别的，某一特定的”，强调相对general而言的特定性，有时可与specific互换使用；special意为“专门的，特殊的，独特的”，含有不寻常，不一般的意思。例：That particular house is very nice，although the rest of them are not.其他的房子都不怎么样，就那所房子非常不错。I have something very particular to tell you.我有事要专门对你讲。Tonight is a special occasion and we have something very special for dinner.今晚是个不寻常的时刻，我们的晚餐也很特别。（85）possession n./procession n.这两个词词形与发音相近，易混淆。possession意为“占有，拥有，财物”；procession意为“行进，行列”，常与in一起用。

例：Possession of wealth does not necessarily bring happiness.有钱不一定会给人带来快乐。

The stupid old man soon lost all his possessions.那个笨老头很快就把他的财产丢光了。

The workers marched in procession to the president’s office.工人们列队向总裁的办公室走去。

The wedding procession moved slowly down the aisle.婚礼的队伍在过道间缓慢走过。（86）principal a.&n./principle n.这两个词发音与词形相近，很容易搞混。principal作形容词意为“主要的，首要的”，作名词时意为“校长，本金”；principle为名词，意为“原则，原理”。例：He has been the principal singer of our troop.他是我们团的主唱。

Those are the principal points I want to explain to everybody.这些便是我要向大家解释的要点。

She has been the principal of this school for ten years.她已经在这所学校里当了10年校长。What he said is against my principle.他的话与我的原则相悖。

（87）range n./scale n./scope n.range意为“距离，范围”；scale意为“规模，等级”；scope的含义较窄，意思是“范围，机会”。例：The transmitter has a range of 10,000 miles.发射机的发射范围是方圆1万英里。

We teach the full range of ball room dances.我们教授所有的交谊舞。

On a scale of 1 to 10 how do you rate his performance? 如果用1到10给他打分的话，你给他的表演打几分？

The scale of the pollution problem was much worse than scientists had predicted.污染的规模大大超过了科学家先前的预测。

The politics of the country is really beyond the scope of a tourist book like this.国家的政策问题的确超出了象这样一本旅游书的内容范围。（88）recent a./current a.recent意为“最近，新近的”；current意为“当前的，现时的”。例：The bicycle is a recent purchase.这辆自行车是最近才买的。

Of these recent magazines, only one is still current.这些近期杂志中只有一本是当月的。The current fashions are more casual than those in the 90s.现在的时尚比90年代的时尚更要随意。

They talked about the current events when they met again that night.那晚他们见面时谈了一些时事。

（89）remind sb.of/warn sb.of/remember sb.to sb.这三个词组都有向某人提及某事的意思。warn sb.of sth.语气最严肃。常指“警告某人有某种危险，要某人不要做某事，等等。remind sb.of指要某人想起某事，重申其重要性或认为值得记起。remember sb.to sb.指求某人代自己向某人问好。

例：Please keep in mind what the teacher warns you of.请记住老师警告你的话。This hotel reminds me of the one we stayed in last year.这家旅馆使我想起我们去年住过的那家。

Don’t forget to remember me to Lyle when you see her, please.见丽莉时别忘了替我向她问好。（90）resident n./inhabitant n.两个词都有居民的含义，resident多指“住在大楼、公寓等住所的住户或城市居民”，inhabitant多指“居住在某一地区的居民”。

例：The inhabitants of this tropical island are very friendly.这个热带岛国的居民对人很友好。

The residents of the town are proud of its new library.城里的居民都为他们的新图书馆感到骄傲。Only resident can drink in the hotel bar.旅店酒吧只对住店客人开放。（91）resist v./oppose v.resist意为“反抗，抵抗，顶住”；oppose意为“反对”，常出现在习语be opposed to中，表示“反对，违反，相反”。

例：The nation was unable to resist the invasion.这个国家无法抵御入侵。

No boy can resist the temptation of video games.男孩子很难抵御电子游戏的诱惑。He opposed the idea immediately.他马上表示反对这个想法。

This sort of thing is utterly opposed to all my principles.这种事完全违反我的原则。（92）security n./safety n.security意为“安全，保卫”，较safety正式，多指安全感，国家、社会的安全；safety指“处于安全状态，没有危险”，具体指人身、货物等的安全。

例：For security reasons the passengers have to be searched.出于安全原因，对所有乘客都要进行检查。

The captain is responsible for the safety of the ship.船长对船只的安全负责。

（93）see v./ catch sight of /spot v./recognize v.24 see指经过有意识地使用视觉器官才能“看到”，另外多指明白，理解；catch sight of是指被看到的东西进入了眼帘，而不是有意识地去使用视觉器官，可译为“瞥见”；spot指从人群中或同类事物中认出一个；recognize指认出，认识到是以前曾见过的事物。例：We must give the image of what we actually see.我们一定会对我们看到过的东西留下印象。

I caught sight of him when the thief ran into the shop.当那个贼跑进那家商店时我瞥见了他。She spotted his husband in the crowd.她从人群中认出了她的丈夫。

I recognized Peter although I hadn’t seen him for 10 years.虽然我有10年没看到彼得了，但我认出了他。

（94）show v./demonstrate v./express v./indicate v.show最常用词，指被别人看见或把某物指给别人看，教别人如何做。demonstrate正式用词，在展示、表明事情是如何做时可与show通用，但不作“被看见”讲。express指通过语言或表情，表达出自己的想法和要求。indicate指通过信号或标志，指示出方向、意图或要求等。例：I will show you how to use this computer.我来给你演示如何使用这台计算机。

The technician demonstrated the laws of physics with laboratory equipment.该技术员用实验装置演示了物理定律。I can’t express my gratitude too much.无论怎样都不足以表达我对你的谢意。

She indicated her approval with a nod.她点头表明同意。（95）slow v./postpone v./delay v.slow含有速度有意减慢的意思；postpone指把应做的某种事务搁在一边，意即延搁，或是将原定的事推迟、延期；delay常指由于难以克服的障碍而将某事耽搁或延迟。例：The driver slowed the car before coming to a full stop.司机在车完全停下来之前先减慢车速。

We postponed the match from March 5th to March 19th.我们把比赛从3月5日推迟到3月19日举行。The bus was delayed by a cloudburst.由于大暴雨，公共汽车来迟了。

（96）special a./particular a./peculiar a./specific a.special指与普通的、平常的、一般的东西在某些方面不相像；particular指一类人或事物中特定的、特殊的、独一无二的一个，还可指挑剔的；peculiar指稀奇古怪，与正常的情况、表现相比而使人奇怪罕见；specific指针对某一用途、某种疾病等有特殊作用或特殊效果的。例：a special occasion特殊场合；a special treat 特别的款待 She has a particular preference for Chinese art.她对中国艺术有特别的爱好。

Our history teacher has always been a little peculiar.我们的历史老师总是有点古怪。

a specific remedy for cancer 治疗癌症的特效药； a specific answer 具体明确的答案（97）spoil v./ruin v./damage v./break v.spoil指由于缺乏管教或长者的过分溺爱而“娇惯坏”等；ruin指由于娇惯或纵欲的结果把某人“毁掉”；damage指损害，造成损失或通过陷害之类手段有意“毁坏”某人的名声或健康；break指身心受到摧残而失去勇气、信心等。

例：The child is spoiled by the excessive love from his grandparents.爷爷奶奶过分的爱把这孩子惯坏了。I was ruined by that law case.我被那场官司搞得倾家荡产。

The storm did a lot of damage to the crops.暴风雨使庄稼受到了很大损失。

The case damaged greatly the reputation of the official.这件案子使那名政府官员的名誉大大受损。

The sudden bankrupt of his company broke him heavily.公司的突然破产使他遭受了严重的打击。（98）stable a./steady a.stable意为“稳定，牢固的”；steady意为“稳固的，平稳的”。例：The chair isn’t very stable.这把椅子不太结实。

He finally built a stable business operation.他终于建立起稳固的商业运作体系。The table isn’t steady.这张桌子不太稳。

He is making steady progress in his work.他的工作正蒸蒸日上。

（99）stress n./emphasis n.stress作名词的意思是“重点；紧张，压力”；emphasis意为“强调，重点”。表示强调时两个词在口语中常可互换使用。

例：He puts the emphasis on discipline in his teaching.他在教学中十分强调纪律。

Quite clearly the emphasis was on reading skills in our English classes.很清楚，我们的英语课重点是阅读技能。

Her parents always put a lot of stress on good table manner.她的父母总是强调进餐时的礼貌举止。The stresses of work made her ill.工作的压力使她病倒了。

（100）vacation n./vocation n.这两个词的词形与发音相近，容易搞混。vacation的意思是“假期，假日”；vocation的意思是“职业”。例：I think I’ll take a vacation this weekend.我想这个周末我将去度假。

A doctor’s vocation is medicine.医生是以行医为职业的。

第三篇：词组短语总结辨析

关于give的词组短语总结辨析

give away捐赠, 让掉, 分发, 分送；泄露(机密), 暴露(自己的情况)

give on/upon 俯瞰, 对着

give over to移交给, 移作„之用

give place to / give way to 让位给, 转而成为

give rise to 引起

give a talk 作报告，作演讲

give birth to 生，产生

give in 让步，屈服，妥协，投降，交上来

give off（散）发出

give one’s life 献出自己的生命

give sb a hand 帮某人忙

give one’s regards(greetings)to向„问好

give out 散发，分发

give up sth/ doing sth.放弃，交出，投降

give back还给, 归还；恢复(健康等)give up； give in； give out 辨析

give up指行为或努力受挫或别的原因而主动放弃，可用作及物动词，跟名词或v－ing作宾语；也可作不及物动词；

give in指不再坚持自己的行为或观点等，而按别人的要求去做，一般作不及物动词；

give out意为“用完；耗尽；体力不支”，是不及物动词。

例如：

①The wind was strong and the waves were big，so he had to give up attempting／his attempt to swim the channel．风急浪高，他只好放弃横渡海峡的打算。

②All the girls finished the race except two who gave up half way．

除有两个中途放弃外，其它所有的姑娘都跑完了比赛的全程。

③As neither of the two sides would give in，the agreement fell through．

由于双方都不肯让步，所以没能达成协议。

④After a long journey，my strength gave out and couldn’t walk any farther．

走了很长的路，我已筋疲力尽，再也走不动了。

-------------------------carry out;carry on的区别

注意两者的区别：carry out意为“执行、实行”；carry on表示“（继续）进行、进行下去”，强调坚持。如：

The group of soldiers carried out a secret military action the other day．

几天前，这群士兵执行了一次秘密的军事行动。

Comrades in Germany were carrying on a heroic fight against war under conditions of fascism at that time．

那时，在德国的同志正在法西斯的统治区进行一场英勇的反战斗争。

Carry高中英语常见短语总结

carry sth forward(=to succeed in making progress with something)v.推进，推动„发展

carry off(=to succeed in doing or achieving something difficult)v.(在某事上)做得很成功；成功地完成（困难的事情）

carry off(=to win a prize)v.赢得，获得（某个奖项）

carry off(=to cause the death of)v.造成„死亡

carry over

(=to delay sth until a later time)v.延迟，延期

carry weight(=if something carry weight, it is important and influences people)v.有分量，有影响

carry on(=to continue doing something)v.继续进行

carry out(=to do something that needs to be organized and planned)v.有计划地做（某事）

carry out(=to do something that you have said you will do or that someone has asked you to do)实施，落实；履行，执行

carry over(=if something is carried over into a new situation, it continues to exist in the new situation)v.持续下去

carry through(=to complete or finish something successfully, in spite of difficulties)v.实现，完成

carry sb through sth(=to help someone be able to deal with a difficult situation)v.帮助（某人）度过难关

carry sth into effect(=to make a plan or idea happen: It won't be easy to put the changes into effect)v.使„生效，实施，实行-------------------------made词组辨析

 be made of表示“由„„制成”，指从原料到制成品，只发生了形状变化，没有发生本质变化（属物理变化）。

 be made in当后面接时间的数词或名词时，表示“某物何时制造的或何时产的”。当后面接指地点的名词时，表示“某地产某物”。

 be made from表示“由„„制成”，指从原料到制成品，发生了质的变化，已无法复原（属化学变化）。

 be made by表示“由„„制做”，后面接指人的名词或代词，强调动作的执行者。

 be made up of表示“由„„构成（组成）”，强调主语由两部分或两个以上的部分构成或组成。

-------------------------agree短语词组总结:

agree to do sth.agree with sb..agree about

同意做某事

同意某人的意见

对...有相同的看法

agree with sb/to+V.agree on

agree to 同意某人的意见／某事

就...达成协议决定，同意，赞成同意，商定

agree with sb.agree with

agree on something

赞成，同意某人的意见

同意，与...取得一致，与...相一致;适合同意某人的计划；对....取得 一致意见

agree短语词组辨析

agree on；agree to；agree with；agree that

 agree on作“就„„取得一致意见”解。例如：

The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month．

上月，就建一座新汽车厂之事达成了协议。

 agree to有两层含义和用法：

 其一是to作为动词不定式符号，其后跟动词原形，作“同意（答应）做某事”解。

例如： My father agreed to buy a new pen for me． 父亲答应给我买支新钢笔。

 其二是to作为介词，之后跟表示“计划／条件／建议等一类的名词或代词”。例如：

They have a greed to our plan． 他们已同意我们的计划。

 agree with作“同意某人的意见”解，其后可跟表示人的名词或代词，也可跟表示“意见”或“说的话”的名词或从句。例如：

He agreed with my opinions． 他同意了我的意见。

We agreed with what he said at the meeting． 我们同意他在会上讲的话。

 agree that作“认为„„”解，其后跟宾语从句。例如：

I agree that your composition is very good． 我认为你的这篇作文写得不错。

--------------come up;come on;come out  come up常表示位置“上升”；从水中或 土中“冒出”；芽苗等“长出”；“引起注意、被提出”等。如：

The seeds haven’t come up． 种子还没发芽。

Your question came up at the meeting．你的问题在会上被提出来讨论。

 come on 常用来催促别人，意为“加油、加快”，也可表示“来临、袭击”。如：

I can feel a headache coming on．我觉得头痛了。

 come out常表秘密等“传出、被获悉”，书籍等的“出版”；“结果是”。如：

When will her new book come out﹖ 她的新书什么时候出版？

The answer to the math problem came out wrong． 这道数学题的结果错了。总结come的词组

come to one's help

come at

come down on [高考]来帮某人的忙

[高考]袭击;达到;得到

[高考]申斥;惩罚 come for one's help

come into effect

come into use [高考]求某人帮助

[高考]开始生效，开始实行

[高考]开始被使用 come to terms with sb.come of

come out with

[高考]和...达成协议

[高考]出身于;由...引起

[高考]发表，提出;公布 come into collision with

come to one's mind

come under [高考]和...相撞 / 冲突 / 抵触

[高考]忽然想起

[高考]编入，归入(某一项目)come home

come down v.下来,倒塌,没落,病倒,捐钱,流传下来,垂下

v.回家,被完全理解

come round v.来,前来,过访,绕道而来,苏醒,转变,改主意,笼络 come for来接人;来取物

come into ]v.进入,得到,继承 继承,取得 come about 发生,产生,实现

come alive ]活跃起来,逼真,栩栩如生

come after ]跟在„后面；跟踪

come by ]v.从旁走过,得到 取得,经过

come in for ]接受,得到;遭受,挨„

come up to ]v.达到,符合 达到(标准),比得上,等于

come to a close ] 结束，终止

come before ] 在„之前来

come to terms with ] 达成协议；妥协，让步

come up against ] 碰到(困难、反对等)

come what may ] 不管发生什么事

come into operation ] 施行；生效；开始工作

come to one's senses ] 恢复理性；醒悟过来

come between ] 在„中间；离间

come into one's own ] 进入繁盛期

come up smiling ] 重振精神

come forward 自告奋勇,自愿

come around 复醒,复原;顺便来访

come away 脱离,脱落,掉落

come into being 形成,产生,发生,出现

come together 聚集,团聚;团结,消除分歧,言归于好

come hell or high water 无论困难多大

come back v.回来,在记忆中重现,复原,恢复,反驳

come along 出现,到来,跟着来,一起去

come apart 散开,裂开,碎掉

come to hand v.到手 到手,接到

come to light v.暴露 被发现,众所周知

come of age v.到法定年龄 成年 come upon v.突然产生,要求,成为...负担,偶遇 突临,突袭

come near v.走近,接近

come to the fore 站到前面,涌现,出现;突出,显著,出人头地,引人注目

---------------though短语词组辨析  as though（＝as if），意为“好像；似乎”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句。如：

He spoke as though（as if）he had been here before．他说话的口气好像他以前来过这里。

It looks as if（as though）it is going to rain．看起来好像要下雨。

 even though（＝even if），意为“即使”，引导让步状语从句。though也引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然”；even though有退一步设想的意味，与though不同。though引导的句子所说的是事实，even though引导的句子所说的则不一定是事实。例如：

He will not tell the secret even though（even if）he knows it．即使他知道这个秘密，他也不肯说出来。

He will not tell the secret though he knows it．他虽然知道这个秘密，但他不会说出来。

though词语解释总结: 1.虽然;尽管;即使

Though he's fool, I like him nonetheless.虽然他很笨, 我仍然喜欢他。

It's quite pleasant today, though the wind is rather cool.尽管风有点凉, 今天天气还是很不错的。

2.（用于主句后，引出补充说明，使语气变弱）不过，可是，然而

They're very different, though they did seem to get on well when they met.他们大不相同, 可是见面后好像还确实相处得不错.He'll probably say no, though it's worth asking.他很可能会拒绝, 不过问一下有益无害.3.可是，不过

4.即使，纵然

Though he may fail,he will try.纵然他可能失败，他还是要试试。

even if与 even though在使用时有区别吗？

这两个词组大致意思相当，但从强调的侧重上来看还是有所不同的。请看从《麦克米伦字典》上的解释：

even if: used for emphasizing that although something may happen or may be true, another situation remains the same e.g.He's determined to prove his innocence, even if he has to go to the highest court in the land.even though: used for introducing a fact that makes the main statement in your sentence very surprising e.g.Most of us ignore this good advice, even though we know it to be true.e.g.Even though I have a master's degree in business administration, I can't fill out my tax form-------------------hand的短语词组总结  hand down作“把„„传下来”解。例如：

„knowledge，customs and memories were handed down by the elders of the race．

„„他们的知识，生活习惯以及人们所怀念的事情，都是由他们的祖先传下来的。

The story was handed down from one generation to another．这个故事世代相传。

 hand in为“把„„交上来”、“交给”、“递交”之意。例如：

Time is up．Hand in your examination papers．时间到了，请把试卷交上来。

 hand over作“转交”或“移送”解。例如：

Please hand over this money to XiaoZhou．请将这笔钱转交小周。

The thief was handed over to the police．小偷已被移送到公安机关了。

 hand out为“散发”之意。例如：

When I got to the classroom the teacher had already begun handing out the test papers．

我赶到教室时，老师已开始分发试卷了。

 hands up表示“举起手来”；

 by hand表示“用手”、“手工”，是介词短语，作方式状语。

-----------------------------关于方位的英语单词最长用的24个

1.in the heart of在„中心

13.at the entrance of在„的入口处 2.in the middle of 在„的中间

14.at the gate of 在„的门口

3.in the centre of在„中央

15.at the edge of 在„的边缘

4.in front of在„（外部）前面

16.at the head of 在„的最前面

5.in the front of在„（内部）前面

17.at the base of 在„的底部

6.in the back of在„背后

18.on the right /left side of 在„左边/右边 7.at the back of在„（内部）后部

19.on the border of在„的边界上 8.at the side of在„旁边

20.in the suburbs of 在„郊区 9.at the bottom of在„之底部

21.close to/ near在„附近

10.at the end of在„末端, 在„的末尾

22.next to与„邻接

11.at/on the top of 在„的顶部

23.next door to与„相邻

12.at the foot of 在„的脚下，在„的底部

24.opposite, across 在„对面

以下是自2000年始历年所有完型词组的总结，side by side 并排, 并肩 learn...by heart 用心学习keep a record of 记录 comments on...关于...的意见 expect of/from...从...当中期待 emerge from...从...出现 in that circumstances 如果是那样的话 replace...with...用...代替...be satisfied with...play...roles 扮演...的角色 lean over...弯下身子 俯身于...之上 burst into laughter 突然笑出声来 concentrate on...全神贯注于...be replaced by 被...所取代 combine...with...与...结合 for the purpose of...为了..., 因...起见 the survey on...关于...的调查 distinguish...from...区分...与...at least 至少来源： in silence 在沉默中 at the approach of...在...快到的时候 speak about 谈及 differ in...在...不同 divide...into...把...分成...for instance 举例来说 turn out 结果是，证明是 enable sb.to do...使某人能够做某事 one another 彼此，相互 communicate with...与...交流 in sympathy with 同情 赞成 和...一致 in return 作为回报 by means of...用...的方法 an average of...平均是...call after 追喊, 以...命名 differ from...与...不同 tend to do...趋向于做...，喜欢做...check with...与...协商 wave goodbye 挥别 fight against 与...作战（敌人之间）fight with 与...作战（战友之间）look over 察看, 检查 agreement on...关于...达成的协议 add up 合计 call for 要求, 提倡 in the long run 从长远来看，最后 a lack of...缺少...in price 在价格上 at high altitudes 在很高的地方 choose from...从...中挑选 on offer 在出售中

be curious about...对...感到好奇 confront with...使面临, 使面对 with interest 有兴趣地 draw one’s attention 吸引某人的注意 in years to come 在未来的几年内 add to 增加 as a matter of fact 实际上 dopt a positive approach 采取一种正确的方法

wait for 等待 pass through 经过, 通过 a sequence of 一系列的 set apart from 把...区分开 take...for granted 以...为骄傲 be aware of/that 注意到 translate into 翻译成 set in 开始 intend to do 想要做 looking forward to 期望 be built from...用...去建造 a wide variety of 很多的 at advanced levels 在高级范围内 carry out 完成，实施 according to 根据 aim to do 指望做某事 make sacrifices to do 做出牺牲而做 in depth 深入地 新整理的有用词组~ a series of 一系列,一连串 above all 首先,尤其是 after all 毕竟,究竟 ahead of 在...之前 ahead of time 提前 all at once 突然,同时 all but 几乎;除了...都 all of a sudden 突然 all over 遍及

all over again 再一次,重新 all the time 一直,始终 all the same 仍然,照样的 as regards 关于,至于 anything but 根本不 as a matter of fact 实际上 apart from 除...外(有/无)as a rule 通常,照例 as a result(of)因此,由于 as far as...be concerned 就...而言 as far as 远至,到...程度 as for 至于,关于

as follows 如下 as if 好像,仿怫 as good as 和...几乎一样 as usual 像平常一样,照例 as to 至于,关于 all right 令人满意的;可以 as well 同样,也,还 as well as 除...外(也),即...又 aside from 除...外(还有)at a loss 茫然,不知所措 at a time 一次,每次 at all 丝毫(不),一点也不 at all costs 不惜一切代价 at all events 不管怎样,无论如何 at all times 随时,总是 at any rate 无论如何,至少 at best 充其量,至多 at first 最初,起先 at first sight 乍一看,初看起来 at hand 在手边,在附近at heart 内心里,本质上 at home 在家,在国内 at intervals 不时,每隔...at large 大多数,未被捕获的 at least 至少 at last 终于 at length 最终,终于 at most 至多,不超过 at no time 从不,决不 by accident 偶然 at one time 曾经,一度;同时 at present 目前,现在 at sb’s disposal 任...处理 at the cost of 以...为代价 at the mercy of 任凭...摆布 at the moment 此刻,目前 at this rate 照此速度 at times 有时,间或 back and forth 来回地,反复地 back of 在...后面 before long 不久以后 beside point 离题的,不相干的 beyond question 毫无疑问 by air 通过航空途径 by all means 尽一切办法,务必 by and by 不久,迟早 by chance 偶然,碰巧 by far 最,...得多 by hand 用手,用体力 by itself 自动地,独自地 by means of 用,依靠 by mistake 错误地,无意地 by no means 决不,并没有 by oneself 单独地,独自地 by reason of 由于 by the way 顺便说说 by virtue of 借助,由于 by way of 经由,通过...方法 due to 由于,因为 each other 互相

even if/though 即使,虽然 ever so 非常,极其 every now and then 时而,偶尔 every other 每隔一个的 except for 除了...外 face to face 面对面地 far from 远非,远离 for ever 永远 for the time being 暂时,眼下

for the better 好转 for the moment 暂时,目前 for the present 暂时,目前 for the sake of 为了,为了...的利益 for good 永久地 from time to time 有时,不时 hand in hand 手拉手 ,密切关联 head on 迎面地,正面的 heart and soul 全心全意地 how about...怎么样 in a hurry 匆忙,急于 in case of 假如,防备 in a moment 立刻,一会儿 in a sense 从某种意义上说 in a way 在某种程度上 in a word 简言之,总之 in accordance with 与...一致,按照 in addition 另外,加之 in addition to 除...之外(还)in advance 预先,事先 in all 总共,合计 in any case 无论如何 in any event 无论如何 in brief 简单地说

in charge of 负责,总管 in common 共用的,共有的 in consequence(of)因此;由于 in debt 欠债,欠情 in detail 详细地 in difficulty 处境困难 in effect 实际上,事实上 in general 一般来说,大体上 in favor of 支持,赞成 in front of 面对,在...前 in half 成两半 in hand 在进行中,待办理 in honor of 为庆祝,为纪念 in itself 本质上,就其本身而言 in line with 与...一致 in memory of 纪念 in no case 决不 in no time 立即,马上 in no way 决不 in order 按顺序,按次序 in other words 换句话说 in part 部分地 in particular 特别,尤其 in person 亲自,本人

in place 在合适的位置 in place of 代替,取代,交换 in practice 在实践中,实际上 in proportion to 与...成比例 in public 公开地,当众 in quantity 大量

in question 正在谈论的 in regard to 关于,至于 in relation to 关于,涉及 in return 作为报答/回报/交换 in return for 作为对...报答 in short 简言之,总之 in sight 被见到;在望 in spite of 尽管 in step 齐步,合拍

in step with 与...一致/协调 in tears 流着泪,在哭着 in the course of 在...期间/过程中 in the distance 在远处 in the end 最后,终于 in the event of 如果...发生,万一 in the face of 即使;在...面前 in the first place 首先 in the future 在未来 in the least 丝毫,一点 in(the)light of 鉴于,由于 in the way 挡道 in the world 究竟,到底 in time 及时 in touch 联系,接触 just now 眼下;刚才 in turn 依次,轮流;转而 in vain 徒劳,白费力 instead of 代替,而不是 lots of 许多 little by little 逐渐地 many a 许多 more or less 或多或少,有点 next door 隔壁的,在隔壁 no doubt 无疑地 no less than 不少于...;不亚于...on one’s guard 警惕,提防 no more= no longer 不再 no more than 至多,同...一样不 nothing but 只有,只不过

now and then 时而,偶尔 off and on 断断续续,间歇地 none other than 不是别的,正是 off duty 下班 on a large/small scale 大/小规模地 on account of 由于 on(an/the)average平均,通常 on behalf of 代表 on board 在船(车/飞机)上 on business 因公 on condition that 如果 on duty 上班,值班 on earth 究竟,到底 on fire 起火着火 on foot 步行, on guard 站岗,值班 on hand 在场,在手边 on occasion(s)有时,间或 on one’s own 独立,独自 on purpose 故意地 on sale 出售,廉价出售 on schedule 按时间表,准时 on second thoughts 经重新考虑 on the contrary 正相反

on the grounds of 根据,以...为由 on(the)one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 on the point of 即将...的时刻 on the road 在旅途中 on the side 作为兼职/副 业 on the spot 在场;马上 on the whole 总的来说,大体上 out of touch 不联系,不接触 on time 准时 out of the question 毫无可能的 once again 再一次 out of sight 看不见,在视野外 once(and)for all 一劳永逸地 out of practice 久不练习,荒疏 once in a while 偶尔 out of place 不适当的 once more 再一次 out of order 出故障的 once upon a time 从前 out of doors 在户外 one another 相互 out of date 过时的 or else 否则,要不然 out of control 失去控制 or so 大约,左右 out of breath 喘不过气来 other than 非;除了 out of 从...中;由于;缺乏 over and over(again)一再地,再三地 prior at 在...之前 sooner or later 迟早,早晚 quite a few 相当多,不少 such as 例如,诸如 rather than 不是...(而是)side by side 肩并肩,一起 regardless of 不顾,不惜 step by step 逐步地 right away 立即,马上 so far 迄今为止 thanks to 由于,多亏 word for word 逐字的

that is(to say)就是说,即 with the exception of 除...之外 to the point 切中要害,切题 without question 关于,至于 under control 处于控制之下 with regard to 关于,至于, under the circumstances 这种情况下 up to date 在进行中 what about 怎么样 with respect to 如果...将怎么样 what if 切合目前情况的

第四篇：日语1级易混词组辨析总结

Q1:どんどんとだんだん的区别？

A: どんどん形容状态非常强劲,旺盛,一个劲地做某事,或者是事情发展得很顺利 比如说:金をどんどんつかう 花钱如流水,一个劲地花钱 どんどん売れる 非常畅销

だんだん是按一定的顺序慢慢地变化 如:だんだん増える 逐渐增加

だんだんわかってきた 渐渐地明白了

其实从语感上来说,どんどん(咚咚)是不是听起来很有气势呢,而だんだん(淡淡)气势就要小多了,得慢慢来^-^也可以这样记忆的~~

Q2: 「さける」と「よける」はどう違う？

A: 「さける」と「よける」は、いずれも「他のものから身をかわす」という意味では同じ使われ方をします。しかし、「よける」は基本的にはもっぱらこの意味で用いられるのに対し、「さける」にはこれ以外の用法も存在します。

1）よける」が物理的に回避する動作を指すのに対し、「さける」はそれだけではなく「出会わないようにする」という意味でも用いられます。

○彼は最近私をさけている。

×彼は最近私をよけている。

前者は「彼が私に出くわさないようにしている」という意味にとれ自然ですが、後者は「最近彼に向かって行ってもよけられてしまう」というようなおかしな意味になってしまいます。

2）「さける」は次のように「さしひかえる」という意味でも用いられます。

○薬と一緒にお茶を飲むのはさけたほうがいい。

×薬と一緒にお茶を飲むのはよけたほうがいい。

このように、「よける」は基本的に物理的動作を表すのに対し、「さける」は同じ回避するという意味でも抽象的に回避するという意味で用いられることがあるという点で両者には違いがあります。

它们有共同之处,也有不同的用法.简单的区分方法: 避开抽象的东西时用さける,如: 避开危险,避开困难...避开具体的实物时用よける.如: 避开水坑,躲开来球...但在 躲车 时 两者都可以用.Q3: にもかかわらず和にかかわらず的用法及区别 A: にもかかわらず 是指尽管发生了前者,但是....语感上跟「~のに」「～が、それでも」接近比如说: 警察が必死に探しているにもかかわらず、犯人はまだ見つからない。

にかかわらず

「～に関係なく」之意,与前者没有关系,不管怎么样的意思 比如说:試合は天候にかかわらず実施されます。

お金あるなしにかかわらず、全員これを買わなければならない。

Q4:【一応】と【とりあえず】区别

A: 一応有一个意思的广辞苑解释就是“とりあえず”,事实上很多场合是可以互换的 比如说:一応こう決めておく とりあえずこう決めておく 都是可以的

以下是找来的资料,把区别说得非常详细,供参考:)一応／とりあえず

相同点：都有先、暂且之意。

不同点：①意义方面，“一応”表示不一定是最好的做法，先暂时应付一下，或者不一定需要，但为了以防万一。此外“一応”还有大致、差不多之意；“とりあえず”则表示后面可能还有很多（也许更重要的）事要做，但是首先做的是这件事。

②用法上，“一応” 除作状语之外，还可以加上“の”修饰体言；“とりあえず”只能用作状语。③“一応”修饰的句子可以是过去时。

 無理かもしれないが、一応頼んで見ます／也许不行，但还是先试着求求人。

 相手が気づいて傷つくことも一応考慮しました／连对方注意到后会伤了自尊心这一点我也考虑到了。

練習が一応終わった／练习差不多结束了。

 一応の知識を身に付けておきましょう／先掌握最起码的知识吧。

A：何になさいますか／您要点什么？ B：とりあえずビール／先拿啤酒来。 とりあえずお礼まで／谨致问候。

Q5: 世帯と世代の区別

A: 【世带】是家庭的意思，【世代】是一代的意思

Q6: ついでに, がてら, かたわら, ながら的区别。A: 動詞の基本形/～た形/サ変動詞の語幹＋の ＋ついでに 表示做一件事时顺便做另一件事 買い物のついでに、銀行へ寄った。

動詞の連用形/サ変動詞の語幹＋がてら

意思基本与上面相同,也表示顺便做某事,不过接续不一样.新しい家を見がてら、遊びに来てください。

两者的区别除了接续以外,ついでに还能作为接续词放在句首.がてら则不行.ついでに（×がてら）、これも捨てて来てちょうだい。

此外还有: 動詞の基本形/サ変動詞の語幹＋かたわら 一边做...一边做....大学で勉強するかたわらアルバイトをしている。

「～かたわら」は「～ながら」に比べ、長い期間続いていることに使う。職業や立場を両立させている場合によく使われる。

记个最简单的例子,现在人不是经常在正职之外还做一些兼职吗,这时用かたわら就好了 多找了几个例句: ① 山田氏はA大学で教えるかたわら、ニュース解説者としても活躍している。②田中さんは家業のかたわら、好きな墨画を描いている。

③彼は工場で車を生産するかたわら、週末は教習所の教官をしている。

接尾辞/サ変動詞の語幹＋かたがた 也表示做某事的同时做另一件事

不过这个用法常用于郑重的场合,或者是商务场合.お知らせかたがた近況をご報告します。お礼かたがたお伺いします。

ながら:表示同时的意思的时候，前面接动词连用形。一边......一边.......（两个动作同时并行进行，通常后面的动作为主要动作）。

Q7: つむ和つまむ的区别

A: 虽然大体上说两个词都是【抓，捏】的意思，但根据不同的语境和场合使用的词也不一样，有可以相通的用法也有不可以相通的，看看日文的解释就应该能明白^^ つま・む

１ 指先ではさむ。指先や箸(はし)などではさみもつ。「鼻を―・む」「塩をちょっと―・む」 ２ 指先などで取って食べる。また、手軽に食べる。「一つ―・んでください」「すしを―・む」 ３ 重要なところを抜き出す。かいつまむ。「要点を―・んで話す」

４（多く「つままれる」の形で用いる）狐(きつね)などが人をだます。化かす。「まるで狐に―・まれたような話」

つ・む

１（「抓む」とも書く）指先や爪の先ではさみとる。つまみとる。「茶を―・む」「花を―・む」 ２（「剪む」とも書く）はさみなどで物の先を切りとる。「枝を―・む」「髪を―・む」 ３（1の比喩的用法）大きくならないうちに取り除く。「悪の芽を―・む」 ４ 指先ではさんで持つ。

Q8：【最中】什么时候读（さなか），什么时候读（さいちゅう）？ A: さなか ：一般用于【行事・季節】当中，表示最高潮，最盛时期 行事・季節などが最も盛んになった時。盛りが極まって、それ以後は衰えに向かう時。また、そのようなさま。真っ盛り。真っ最中。

例：「酒宴は今が―だ」「春―な（の）山野に遊ぶ」「齢(よわい)―」

さいちゅう：一般指【正在进行……，进行……到一半的时候，……最盛时期】 例：「今が暑い―だ」「食事の―」

Q9：のやら/のやら、だの/だの、なり/なり的区别

A: ~のやら~のやら：一会儿。。一会儿又。。/有。。还是没有。。/（不知道二者当中是哪一个）例：行きたいのやら行きたくないのやら、あの人の気持ちはよく分からない。

~だの~だの ：表示列举的。。啦。。啦。

有时也用于列举含义为负面的。

~ なり~なり：或是。。或是。。，也好。。也好。。列举两个同属一组的事物，选择其中之一。除此两项之外还有其他可能性。

Q10: 与 わけにはいかない相关的语法

A: 动词原形+わけにはいかない：不能....，不可.....。是从一般常识或社会上的普遍想法，过去的经验来看的，不行或不能做的意思。

动词否定形+わけにはいかない：不能不....，不可不....。从一般常识或社会上的普遍想法，过去的经验来看的，不可不或不能不做的意思。

わけではない：并不是.....，并非.....。用于否定从现在的状况或表达的内容中引出的必然结果时，多与「だからといって」「別に」「特に」等一起使用。

というわけではない/ってわけではない：并不是说.....，并非是.......,并不是因为......。

例：今日は学校へ行く気がしない。雨だから行きたくないというわけではない、ただなんとなく今日は何もする気がなれないのだ。像这个句子“雨だから....”具体原因明确表现出来的时候，后面就不用わけではない，而用というわけではない。

わけても：特别是。。尤其是。。

Q11: なくとも，なくして，なしに的区别

A: ～なくとも:（即便）没有....，可写成“なくても”，常见的有“~なくともよい（不....也行）”的形式。例如：入学式には必ずしも父母同伴でなくともよい。

～なくして：如果没有....。（用于叙述如果没有该名词所表示的事物，要干什么都困难的场合）

例如：愛なくして何の人生か。

～なしに：没有....，不....。（表示没有做那种动作就做别的什么动作，常在“没有做应当事先做的事就去干别的什么”的上下文中使用）

例如：田中さんは忙しい人だから、約束なしに人と会ったりしないでしょう。

Q12: ならともかく, はともかく的区别

A: ~ならともかく可以翻译成“如果是……就不得而知”，不过具体翻译是可以灵活的，或者翻译成“是.....的话就姑且不论”。なら起到提示前面词的作用。～はともかく：姑且不论，暂且不说。

例：勝敗はともかくとして、一生懸命頑張ろう。

Q13: ものか、わけか、のみか、ことか的区别

A: ものか：哪能.....，怎么会......。在较随便的会话中，男性使用它。而女性则用礼貌语「ものですか」。わけか：由表示原因理由的わけ+疑问的か组合而成。常见的有どういうわけか。のみか：のみか=のみでなく＝だけでなく

ことか：得多么....啊！程度很高，非常感慨的心情。

Q14: 脅かす, 脅す这两个词有什么区别 A: 其实有3个词。

「脅かす（おびやかす）」，它表示抽象意义上的威胁和危及的意思，比如：危及社会、威胁市场、威胁生活环境等，在这个意义上只能用胁かす（おびやかす），不能用「胁す（おどす）」和「胁かす（おどかす）」代替。

「脅かす（おどかす）」，表示使用语言使对方害怕，比如对小孩讲鬼怪故事、对对方炫耀自己的军事实力、讲对方病情有多么严重等，使对方心理产生恐惧感，这就是「胁かす（おどかす）」的用途。这种用法也可以用「胁す（おどす）」替代，表达的是相同的意思。

「脅す（おどす）」，它表示两种意思，一是具体意义上的威胁，即手拿刀子，指着鼻子的那种威胁，通过这种威胁，自己从中得到好处，这属于刑事犯罪的范畴。这种用法也只能用「脅す（おどす）」，不能用其他两个动词替换使用。第二是发出某种声音或讲话，使对方害怕，使对方吃惊的行为。比如吓唬动物，吓唬小孩，这个用法可以用「脅かす（おどかす）」替代使用，但不能用「脅かす（おびやかす）」替换。

Q15: ことなしに,なしに, ぬきで

A: 动词原形+ことなしに：不....（而....）。

例如：努力することなしに成功はありえない。不付出努力就不可能成功。

名词+なしに：没有....，不....。

例如：田中さんは忙しい人だから、約束なしに人と会ったりしないでしょう。田中是个大忙人，没有预约时不会见客的吧。

名词+ぬきで：省去....，抛开....。例如：前置きは抜きで、さっそく本論に 入りましょう。省去开场白，马上进入正题吧！

Q16: ざるを得ない和にほかならない

A:句型~にほかならない：不外乎…无非是….。例如：彼が私を憎むのは、わたしの業績をねたんでいるからにほかならない。他恨我，无非是因为嫉妒我的成就。

~ざるをえない：不得不…..。除此以外别无选择。

例如：先生に言われたことだからやらざるをえない。因为是老师吩咐的，所以不得不干。

Q17: によると和によって的区别

A: によると和によって一般来说是可以互换的 によって：

1、表示后述事项的起因。接名词后，表示“那就是原因”的意思。后续表示结果的词句。

2、表示后述事项的依据、手段、方式。表示“以此为手段”“用其方法”的意思。

3、在被动句中表示施动者

によると，表示传闻的出处或推测的依据。后多接表示传闻的“～そうだ”“ということだ”或表示推测的“～らしい”“～だろう”。

Q18: にあってとにおいて的区别

A: 名词/动词原形+にあって：在。。的时候，值此。之际

（多用于致辞或写感谢信的时候）

例：開会にあってひとごとご挨拶を申し上げます。值此会议召开之际，请允许我讲几句话。

名词+において：

1，（状况）在。。地点，在。。时候，在。。方面。（接表示场所，时代，状况的名词表示某件事发生或某种状态存在的背景），例如：卒業式は大講堂において行われた。毕业典礼在大礼堂举行了.2，（领域）在....方面。例如：その技術において、彼にかなうものはいない。在那个技术上没人赶得上他。

Q19: むちゃ,むやみに有什么区别

A: むちゃ［名・形動］

１ 筋道が立たず、道理に合わないこと。また、そのさま。「―を言う」「―な考え」

（在这个意思上和むやみに相似，但是语感有些不同，前者侧重胡乱，没道理，后者侧重不考虑后果的轻率，随便）

２ 程度がはなはだしいこと。度を越していること。また、そのさま。「―な飲酒」 ３ 知識がないこと。また、そのさま。

むやみに：不考虑后果会怎样而做出的轻率行为。胡乱，随便，轻率，轻易。一般后续「するな」「してはいけない」「しない方がいい」等禁止的表达方式。

Q20: “抱”的用法

A: 它们都有一些固定的用法什么时候用，什么时候不用。通过下面的解释去理解吧！抱える、いだく、だく。

かかえる【抱える】

１ 物を囲むように腕を回して持つ。胸にだくようにして持つ。「ひざを~て座る」「包みを小脇に~」 ２ 自分の負担になるものをもつ。厄介なもの、世話をしなければならないものを自分の身に引き受ける。「多くの負債を~て倒産する」「妻子を~て路頭に迷う」 ３ 人を雇う。雇って使う。「運転手を~」

４ その範囲の内にもつ。また、まわりを囲む。「湾を~た地勢」 ５ かばう。保護する。いだく【抱く】

１ 腕でかかえ持つ。だく。「ひしと~」「母親の胸に~かれる」

２ かかえるように包み込む。「村々を―・く山塊」「大自然の懐に~かれる」 ３ ある考えや感情をもつ。「疑問を~」「青年よ大志を~け」 ４ しっかり守る。擁護する。

だく【抱く】（普通意义上的）

1〔腕にかかえる）・彼女は人形を抱いていた・ 赤ん坊は母親に抱かれて眠っている 2〔抱擁する〕 ・姉妹は抱き合った・ねえ，抱いて 3〔鳥が卵を抱く）・めんどりが卵を抱いている

[用法]

かかえる/だく――「人形をかかえる（だく）」などでは相通じて用いられる。

◇「かかえる」は荷物などを腕で囲んで、胸や脇に持つこと。「かばんを小脇にかかえる」「大きなふろしき包みを両手でかかえる」のように用いる。また、抽象的に「三人の遺児をかかえて途方に暮れる」「借金をかかえる」などとも用いる。

◇「いだく」は、やや古い語であるとともに、心の中にある感情/考えをもつ意味もあり、「おそれをいだく」「大志をいだく」などと用いられる。(抽象意义的)

◇「だく」は赤ん坊や恋人などを胸のところで支え持つ意。「幼子キリストを胸にだくマリア」「病児をしっかりとだいている母親」「強くだいて!」「鳥が卵をだく」などと一般に用いられる。この場合「かかえる」では置き換えられない。（具体的普通意义上的）

Q21: 「~たら」和[~なら」有什么区别

A: 两者都表假设。不过「たら」强调动作的先后顺序。而「なら」则不特别强调这一点。具体请参照以下解释： 「たら」

1，含有明显的“完成”之意，特别是前后两项都是表示动作的动词时，前项一定是先发生的。因此，在前后两项明显是先后关系的句子中，必须用“たら”

前后两项或其中一项表示状态时，既可用“たら”也可用“ば”，尤其在口语中，经常用“たら”代替“ば”。時間があったら（あれば）、調べておいてください。暑かったら（暑ければ）、窓を開けてもいいよ。

2，在使用たら的句子中，前后两项之间不是必然的关系，而是偶然的关系。3，在与后面的命令，劝诱，依赖等主观性表达形式相配合使用时，多用たら。

「なら」

1，不是对动作的假定，而是对判断的假定，而且该判断不能是自己的判断，只能是对方的判断。「（君が言うように）僕が間違っているなら、謝ります。」 「僕が行くつもりなら、彼もそのつもりです。」（誤）

2，所表示的条件之意较强，因此，对确凿的事实等不能用なら。「冬になるなら、スキーに行く。」（误）3，当前后两项都是表示动作的动词时，后项的动作先发生。「転職するなら、必ずあなたに相談しますよ。」

Q22: ごとき、ごとく、ごとし的区别 A: 这几个词主要是接续的不同 ～如し／～如く／～如き

名詞・副詞：の／が＋如し(一般用于句尾)如:あたかも木によって魚を求むるが如し/恰似缘木求鱼

如き＋ 名詞

如く＋ 動詞・形容詞 请参照以下例句: １．その男は鬼の如き形相で、私をにらみつけた。/那男人以惡鬼般的表情瞪著我。

２．あいつら如き駆け出しの若造に負けてなるものか。/怎麼可以輸給那些初出茅廬的小伙子呢？ ３．その娘は蝶の如く軽やかに、花の如くあでやかに舞った。/那少女的舞蹈，如蝴蝶般輕盈，如花般嬌豔。

４．彼は眠るが如くやすらかに、最期の時を迎えた。/他安穩的如睡覺一般迎向最後一刻。

５．今まで述べてきた如く、今回のことにつきましては、当社は無関係でございます。/就如之前告知的一樣，關於此次的事情與本公司無關。

Q23: 「ともかく」と「とにかく」の違いを知りたいです A: とにかく表示不考虑细小的事情，不管内情如何，接受现实。比如：とにかく忙しくてご飯を食べる暇もない。反正就是忙，连吃饭的时间也没有。（不管我在忙什么）

ともかく表示“对于那件事情就不再前思后想了”，把那个话题仅作参考，先优先其他的问题、话题。比如：こんなひどい雨ですから、旅行は中止になるかもしれないが、ともかく用意だけはしておこう。这么大的雨，旅行可能会取消，总之做好准备吧。（是不是会取消就不用多考虑了）

Q24: ならまだしも和なら いざしらず的区别 A: 主要语气的不同

「ならまだしも」“如果……的话还可以，可是……”，有埋怨和责备的语气。

なくしたお金は我が家のもの（ならまだしも）、会社のお金を紛失したのだから、首にならないまでも、厳しい処分を受けざるを得ないだろう。

如果丢的是自家钱财还好，可是丢的是公司的钱，就算不被解雇，也免不了严格处分吧。

「ならいざしらず」接近“情有可原”的意思。

新入社員（ならいざしらず）、入社八年にもなる君がこんなミスをするとは信じられない。要是新员工还情有可原，但是入职8年的你犯这种错误，实在另人无法相信。

Q25: はもちろん と はおろか と もさることながら 有什么区别 A: はもちろん和はおろか多数情况下可以互换

硬要说区别的话,「～はおろか」は、話す人の驚きや不満の気持ちを表す。「～はもちろん」はいいことを言う時に使うのは殆どだ。不过一般情况下不会把这两个词作为两个选项的.もさることながら的语感稍有不同,请参照日文解释: 「もさることながら」は「Ａもさることながら、ＢもＣだ」で「Ａはもち ろんＣだが、それ以上にＢはＣだ」という意味になります。ＡとＢを比べて、Ｂの方を強調する表現です。

彼は学校の成績もさることながら、スポーツでも抜群の成績を残している。这里更强调スポーツ 而如果说：

彼は学校の成績はもちろん、スポーツでも抜群の成績を残している。则指学习和运动两者都好 语感上稍有一点细微的差别

第五篇：高考英语常用动词词组辨析教案

高考英语常用动词词组辨析教案

一、add（1）If you add 5 to 5，you get 10.<把……加到……上面> Five added to five is/makes 10.（2）This will add to our trouble.<增加> The balloons added to the festival atmosphere.<增加>（3）His whole school education added up to no more than one year.<加起来总共>（4）Add up the numbers，and you will get 1155.<加……>（题组训练）用与add相关的短语填空：

1、The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather added ___to____the helplessness of the crew at sea.2、The numbers add ___up to____95.二、agree（1）agree on<就……达成共识>（2）agree to do sth.<同意做（某事）> agree to the plan/decision/arrangement<同意>（3）I don't agree with you/what you said/your advice.<同意> The climate here doesn't agree with me.<指食物、天气等适合某人> Your story agrees with what I have already beard.<和……一致>（题组训练）用与agree相关的短语填空：

3、Mutton doesn't agree __with______________ him.4、The verb agrees _________ with________ its subject in number and person.5、We couldn't agree ________on________ a date.三、break（1）I am sorry that I broke my promise<违背，违反> break one's word/break the law/break the rule（2）His health broke.<（身体或精神）垮了>（3）He broke away from all his old friends.<断绝来往，脱离>（4）I should break away from such habits.<改掉（习惯）>（5）All our plans broke down.The peace talks have broken down.<（计划、谈判等）失败> Her health broke down under the pressure of work.（=become very bad）<被搞垮，垮掉> The telephone system has broken down.<（机器或车辆）出故障；坏掉>（6）The thieves planned to break into a bank.<闯入，破门进入>（7）The Second World War broke out in September 1939.<爆发>（8）After midnight，the party broke up.<散（会）>（9）I broke up the candy and gave each child a small piece.<分开> The police broke up the crowd.<分开，分散>（10）broken English<鳖脚的英语>（11）Our troops had little difficulty in breaking through the lines of the police.<突破>（题组训练）用与break相关的短语填空：

6、News reports say peace talks between the two countries have broken ____down______ with no agreement reached.7、Fire broke __out__________ last night.8、Sentences can be broken __up___________ into clauses:

9、You've been working so hard for nearly a month.Relax yourself,or you will break __down_____sooner or later.10、While we were watching TV，a voice broke _into_____the programme to announce the election results.四、bring（1）He brought about a quarrel between his parents.<引起，造成>（2）She made every effort to bring about a peaceful solution to the problem.<实现>（3）Electricity lines as well as telephone poles were brought down by falling trees or branches.<使倒下>（4）bring down prices<降低价格>（5）The sale brought in over＄200.<赚得>（6）Dirt often brings on disease.<引起> The fine weather is bringing the crops on nicely.<使成长更快，使提高>（7）Can you make a sentence to bring out the meaning of the phrase.<讲解清楚>（8）（9）（10）（11）Joe was born in Texas but brought up in Oklahoma.<抚养> He was so ill that he brought up everything.<呕吐> This brought me into touch with various kinds of workers.<（和各种名词连用）进入某种状态> Please bring forward the matter at the next meeting.<提出> They have brought the meeting forward to next Monday.<把……提前，提早>（题组训练）用与bring相关的短语填空：

11、The war in Iraq was ______brought about__________ by the American President Bush.12、The work can _________bring in_______ ＄2000 a year.五、call The trouble calls for quick action by the government.<要求>（1）I will call for you at five o'clock.<来找某人>（2）We called for the packages at the post office.<来取某物>（3）I formed the habit of calling in on him in the evenings.<顺便拜访>（4）Your father is ill，you should call in a doctor at once.<找来，请来>（5）People don't like being called names.<骂人>（6）They've called off the game because of the thick fog.<取消>（7）He called upon me to speak immediately after him<请／叫（某人做某事）>（8）I called on the people of this country to work hard for national unity.<号召>（9）A notice displayed in the shop window called attention to the recent increase in prices.<引起……的注意>（10）The army was called in to cut through fallen trees and to help clear the roads and paths.<召集>（11）call in at some place/call in on sb./call back/call up/give sb.a call/make a call（a long—distance call）（题组训练）用与call相关的短语填空：

13、The situation calls ______for__________ immediate action.14、The sound of happy laughter called _______up_________ memories of his childhood.15、Could you call in _______on_________ Mum on your way home?

六、carry（1）He had learned enough German to carry on a conversation.<进行>（2）One person should carry on where the other had left off.<进行下去>（3）I was chosen to carry out our experiment.<执行，开展>（4）He did not carry out his promise to us.<履行>（5）After destroying the village，the enemy carried off all the cattle<抢走>（6）The work is tough，but it is the person to carry it through.（=to complete sth.successfully）<顺利完成，顺利实现>（题组训练）用与carry相关的短语填空：

16、They are trying to carry ___out_____________ a new policy.17、What a pity！They should have carried ______on__________ the.good business.18、—It's a good idea.But who's going to carry _____out___________ the plan? —I think Tom and Greg will

七、come（1）How come that you didn't get here in time?<（用于引申意义）发生某情况>（2）He came to realize that he was mistaken.<渐渐地（表示动作逐渐变化的过程）>（3）My dream has come true，<变成现实>（4）He talked about his coming trip to the United States.<即将到来的>（5）How did the accident come about?<发生，造成>（6）I came across（came upon/ran across）this book in an old bookstore on the Fourth Avenue.<无意中碰到，找到> He came suddenly across an idea.<（无意中）想到>（7）He just asked me to come round for supper.<到这儿来>（8）Come along！Arthur，we can't wait all day！<快点>（9）Come along！Someone must know the answer to my question.<快说>（10）This paper comes out every Friday.<出版>（11）I think the roses will come out next week.<开花，发芽>（12）I came out first in the examination.<考试结果……；考第……一名>（13）The bill comes to $5.<总计>（14）When it comes to mathematics，I know nothing about it.<谈到，涉及>（15）The robbery did not come to light until the next day.<被发现，被大家知道>（16）The question hasn't come up yet.<被提出>（17）He came up with an idea.<提出>（18）come to oneself<苏醒过来>（19）come to an end<结束>（20）come into effect（force）<生效>（21）come to a conclusion（decision）<作出结论（决定）>（22）come into being（existence）<开始存在、建立、产生>（23）come into power<开始执政>（题组训练）根据句意完成句子：

19、I'm as good a cook as she is except when it ___comes to_________（making）pastry.我做饭做得和她一样好，就是不会做油酥馅饼。

20、The shock made her hesitate for a moment but she quickly ___came to herself_____________ again.这一打击使她踌躇了片刻，但很快就又恢复正常了。

21、Can you tell me how the accident _______came about_______ ？ 你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？

八、care（1）I don't care what they say.I shall go on just the same.<在乎，在意>（2）If you care to hear it，I will tell it to you.<愿意>（3）Albert Einstein cared little for money.He was seen using a cheque for＄1500 as a bookmark.<喜欢> Would you care for a cup of coffee?（＝Would you like...？）<（礼貌用语）你喜欢／要……吗？>（4）He cared about money.<喜欢>（5）The mother card for the sick child day and night<照顾，照料>（6）The professor said that he was interested only in research：he didn't care about his students.<关心>（7）In this way we could give them timely medical care.<医疗护理>

九、catch（1）catch fire（＝to start burning）<着火>（2）catch one’s breath<缓口气，歇口气>（3）That car caught his eyes/attention.<引起注意>（4）The police caught him stealing a car.（＝to discover suddenly and by surprise especially when someone is doing something bad）<撞见，突然发现>（5）That style has never caught on in China.（＝become popular）<流行>（6）He was caught in the rain.（＝be stuck）<被困扰> Her skirt got caught in the door.（＝be hooked）<被钩住>（7）I suddenly caught sight of him in the crowd.<看见>

十、clear（1）She made it clear that she would support Australia.<弄清楚，查明白，明确>（2）After the storm the sky cleared.<晴朗起来>（3）The waitress will clear away these dishes in a moment.<收走>（4）How can we clear away，these doubts?<消除，清除>（5）The weather has cleared up；we can go out.<晴朗起来，开朗起来>（6）You'll have to clear up the things on the table before we have tea.<整理，收拾>

十一、compare（1）Car production rose by 25％，compared to/with the first 3 months of this year.<和……相比>（2）We know it was a small place，comparing to what it is now.<和……相比> Compare this with that，and you will see which is better.<把……和……相比>（3）Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.<把……比作……>

十二、cover（1）They covered 12 miles yesterday.<走完（一段路程）>（2）How many pages have you covered?<看完（多少页书）>（3）The city covered ten square miles.<占据（多大面积）>（4）The professor's talk covered the subject.<谈到，涉及>（5）The mountain was covered with snow all the year round.<覆盖着……>（6）The best reporters were sent to cover the 27th Olympic Games.<报道，采访>

十三、cut（1）（2）（3）（4）（5）（6）（7）（8）cut off<切断；切下来>

cut out<戒掉，不吃，剪出> cut in<插嘴> cut up<切碎> a short cut<捷径> They want to cut down a large forest in this area.<砍倒> George is trying to cut his weight down.<消减，减少> The army was called in to cut through the fallen trees on the road.<锯断，剪断，凿穿>

十四、deal（1）I'd rather deal with a man than a woman.Women are sharp.<和……打交道>（2）I'm used to dealing with matters of this sort.<处理>（3）This book deals with questions on politics.<论述，谈>（4）What shop do you deal with?<和……做买卖>

十五、die（1）die of<死于……（情感、饥寒、年老等原因）>，如：

die of illness/a fever/hunger/sadness As a result，many westerners die at an early age of heart disease.（2）die from<死于……（间接原因）>，如：

die from an accident/the polluted air/a bad habit（3）Ronny's steps had died away/down，and there was a moment of silence.<（指风、声、光）消逝>（4）The wind has died away/down again.<平息>（5）It is thought that between the years 1550 and 1950 an average of one kind of living thing died out each year.<灭绝，不复存在>（6）I'm dying for something to eat.（＝have a strong desire for sth.）<渴望>（题组训练）用与die有关的短语填空：

22、The wild population of koalas is in danger of ____dying out_____________.23、Do you fancy a cup of tea? I'm ___dying of______________ thirst.24、I am _dyingfor________________ a cup of coffee.十六、do（1）—I have some difficulty in pronouncing some of the words in English.—No,you're doing fine.<（工作、学习、生活、生长等）情况（好）>（2）I'm happy in my work in the garden.I'm doing well.Will it do if we let you have an answer by Friday？ <行，够，合适，可以，凑合>（3）Let's do up this room first.<整理，收拾>（4）They tried to do away with slavery.<废除>（5）Mary has done herself up for the party.<梳妆打扮>（6）Please do up these books and post them for Mr.Smith.<包，扎，系，捆>（7）do one’s hair<做头发>（8）do the room<打扫房间>（9）do the bed<铺床>（10）do wrong to sb.<使某人受委屈>（11）do business<做生意>，<做买卖>（12）do right<做得好>（13）do wrong<做错事，做坏事>（14）have something/nothing/anything/a lot to do with<与……有些／没有／有什么／有很大关系>（题组训练）用与do有关的短语填空：

25、____Do up____________ your buttons！

26、He has nothing __to do with______________ the case.27、The school has __done away with______________ the rules.28、I haven't enough money to buy a car，so I'll have to _____do___________ without it.答案：

25、Do up

26、to do with

27、done away with

28、do

十七、end（1）Even if none of this is true for us today，it is probable that one day we will end up with a disability.<以……告终>（2）If you drive your car like that，you'll end up in hospital.（3）<最后（有某种结局），最后（成了）>（4）The politician finally ended up his speech.<结束>（5）We ended up the dinner with fruit and coffee.<以……而结束>（6）The match ended in a win for us.<以……告终，结果……>（7）It rained for three days on end.（=continuously）<连续地>（8）We must put an end to this foolish behavior.<结束，制止>（9）The meeting came to an end at last.<结束>（题组训练）用与end有关的短语填空：

29、He ______ended(up)__________ his letter _with___________ good wishes to the family.30、The battle ___ended in_____________ victory.31、Their marriage __ended in______________ divorce.十八、fall（1）We can't afford to fall behind our competitors in using the new technology.<我们再也不能在使用新技术方面落后于我们的竞争对手了。>（2）She has fallen in love with him/the dress.<她已经爱上他了／喜欢上了那条裙子。>（3）Where does the plan fall down?（=fail or to be ineffective）

<失败，不起作用>（4）This topic falls naturally into three sections.（=be divided into）<被分成>（5）I am quite happy to fail in with you/your suggestions.（=agree with or to）<赞同>

十九、fix（1）fix（on）a time for sth.<约定时间干某事>，如：

Let's fix a time for discussion.They've fixed the time and date for the party.（2）fix one's eyes on<注视>，如：

He fixed his eyes on the clock.（3）fix one's attention on<注意>（4）fix supper<做饭>（5）fix tea<沏茶>（6）fix the broken machine<修理，整理>

二十、follow（1）You should follow the rules of the lab when you're doing experiments.<遵循，听从，依照……行事>（2）The child follows her mother about all day long.<跟随>（3）Follow this road until you get to the church.<沿着……（走）>（4）May follows April.<接着发生，跟着到来>（5）Do you follow what I'm saying?<听懂，理解> 二

十一、get（1）The operator finally got me through.<给……接通电话>（2）He has got through＄1,000 in less than a year.<用完>（3）John has got through the examination.<通过>（4）I'll be with you as soon as I get through the work.<做完>（5）The story has got round—everybody knows about it.<消息

传开；走动，到处旅行>（6）My work is getting along better now.<进展，进行>（7）She didn't get away until nine last night.<走开，离开>（8）The bank robbers used a stolen car to get away.<逃走，跑

掉>（9）Now he was dead，and I could not get away from my sadness.<摆脱>（10）He got down and began to pray.<跪下，弯腰>（11）Don't you think it's time we got down to business?<开始认真做某事>（12）At what time do you get off（from）work?<下班>（13）He used to be afraid of heights but he has got over that now.<克服，摆脱（某种情绪）> 二

十二、give（1）He gave away most of his fortune to the poor.<送给，分发>（2）They suspected（怀疑）that the secret had been given away by one of their friends.<泄露（机密）>（3）I hope the holiday will give him back his good spirits.<恢复（健康，好情绪）>（4）He has given in to my views.<向……让步，投降>（5）The gas gave off an unpleasant smell.<散发出>（6）He gave his life to the study of art.<把生命献给……>（7）Please give my regards/greeting./love/wishes/thanks to Miss Smith.<代……向……问好（表示喜欢、祝愿、谢意）>（8）The teacher gave out the examination papers.<散发，颁发>（9）It was given out that the Prime Minister had died sudden1y.<宣布>（10）After two days our food.gave out，and we had to return to the camp.<被用完>（11）The swimmer gave out after ten laps.<体力不支，耗尽>（12）The cowboy gave out a yell.<发出（声音）>（13）I've given up smoking.<放弃，中止>（14）Billy kept asking his mother if he could go to the movies and she finally gave way.<妥协，屈从>（题组训练）用与give有关的短语填空：

32、Smoking is bad for your health.—Yes，I know.But I simply can't give it ___up_____.33、Don't mention that at the beginning of the story，or it may give

awaay________ the shocking ending.34、Cheap coal gives _off_______ a lot of smoke.二

十三、go（1）But if you go against nature and do things at the wrong time of year，you will have to do more work and the results will not be so good.<违背>（2）—How is everything going?<进行，进展> —Things are going very well.（3）The black hair was going grey.<变得>（4）That is to say，the doctor's been gone for two hours and thirteen minutes.<不在，走了>（5）The engine went well.<运转>（6）How does the old saying go?<怎么说的>（7）If you think you can solve the problem，go ahead.<开始（做某事）>（8）Go ahead，we're all listening.<开始（做某事）>（9）Work is going ahead.<进行，进展>（10）—May I start? —Yes，go ahead.<表同意>（11）News of the plane crash went around like wildlife.<传开>（12）Time went by quickly.<过去，经过>（13）Shares have gone down again by ten points.<（价格等）下跌，（温度等）下降>（14）She had no time to go deeply into the matter just then.<调查，了解，研究>（15）What is going on out there?<发生，（活动）进行>（16）Why not buy some English tapes and some books to go with them? <相配，和……交朋友>（17）When smokers who are used to nicotine go without it for an hour or two，they begin to feel bad.<不吃，不用>（18）Let me have a go at fixing it.<试一试>（19）My family goes back 300 years，while his family goes back to the 15th century.<追溯；从过去某个时候延续至今>（20）He always likes to go back to his younger days.<回顾>（21）Go over your work before you hand it in.<仔细检查，反复研究，仔细琢磨>（22）He doesn't go in for team games.<对某事感兴趣，爱好>（23）go out<出去，出国；（灯火）熄灭；（衣着式样等）不时兴>（题组训练）用与go有关的短语填空：

35、Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to go ______out__________.36、lf you had gone _____over___________ your test paper carefully before handing it in，you would have made fewer mistakes.37、As time goes __________by/on______，my memory seems to get worse.二

十四、hand（1）When he writes，he always keeps a dictionary at hand.<在手边，在跟前>（2）The examinations are at hand.<就要到来了，不远了>（3）My shoes were made by hand.<手工做的>（4）Could you give me a hand with this parcel?<帮一下忙>（5）This custom has been handed down since the 18th century.<传下来，传给>（6）The teacher handed out the books at the beginning of the lesson.<发，散发>（7）The thief was handed over to the police.<移交>（8）on（the）one hand...，on the other（hand）<一方面……，另一方面>（9）hand in<上交>（题组训练）用适当的介词填空：

38、I am resigning as chairman and handing _____over___________ to my deputy.39、Don't worry，for help is __________at______ hand！

40、He was handing _________out_______ leaflets（传单）to members of the audience.二

十五、hold（1）She held back，not knowing what to do or say.<犹豫不决>（2）Don't hold anything back，you must tell me everything.<隐瞒，不公布>（3）If they hadn't held him back，he would have beaten you.<阻碍，阻止>（4）I made my choice and I will hold on to the end.<坚持（下去）>（5）You should hold on to your oil share.<不送或不卖（某物）>（6）He asked me to hold on while he left the telephone to find a pencil.<别挂（电话）>（7）Could he hold out in spite of the difficulty? <坚持（抵抗），顶住（压力）>（8）The pupil held up his hand to ask the teacher a question.<举起>（9）hold office<任职>（10）hold one's position<担任某个职位>（11）hold an opinion（idea）<持有某个看法、观点>（12）They held their heads up and walked into the hall.<趾高气扬>（13）Please hold yourself still while I am taking your photograph.<保持不动>（14）He held a cigarette between his lips.<使某人或某物处于某种状态或位置>（15）A lot of cars were held up in the accident,<使耽搁，使停顿>（题组训练）用与hold有关的短语填空：

41、We thought of selling this old furniture，but we've decided to hold ___on to_____________ it.It might be valuable.42、The dam was not strong enough to hold ______back__________ the floodwaters.43、I missed the lecture because my car was held ______up__________ in the traffic jam.44、Tell me all about it—don't hold anything ____back____________！二

十六、keep（1）He keeps away from liquor and tobacco.<不沾，避开，不接近>（2）The Englishman will move back in order to keep a certain distance away.<保持一定距离>（3）He may be telling the truth but he is keeping something back.<隐瞒（没讲）>（4）Finally，he did not give her the right change，but kept back five pounds.<扣留>（5）You have to be home by I1 o'clock.Keep that in mind，Bob.<记在心里>（6）Keep off the grass.<勿踩，勿踏>（7）He didn't stop running.He just kept on.<继续（干），坚持（干）>（8）Keep on until you reach the traffic lights.<继续前进>（9）The coat should keep out the cold.<挡住，使……进不去>（10）They have shut the door and meant to keep us out.<不要进来>（11）You should keep out of these things.<不牵扯进去>（12）I hope such fine weather will keep up.<继续（下去），持续（下去）>（13）We've kept up our friendship for over twenty years now.<保持>（14）The good news keeps up our spirits.<保持（情绪）高昂>（15）I can't keep up with all the changes.<跟上，（与……）并驾齐驱>（16）I hope the rain keeps off.<（雨雪）暂时不停>（题组训练）单项填空：

45、(Ａ)Would you slow down a bit，please? I can't ________________ you.A.keep up with B.put up with C.make up to D.hold on to

46、（Ａ）—Mummy，can I put the peaches in the cupboard？

—No dear.They don't ________________ well.Put them in the fridge instead.A.keep B.fit C.get D.last 二

十七、join（1）to join an island to the mainland by a bridge<把……和……连接起来>（2）The new railway joins our town to the big city.<把……和……连接起来>（3）The girl，Mary，joined in the conversation.<参加（某活动）>（4）Will you join us in a walk?<和……一起做某事>（5）The electrician joined up the wires.<把……连接起来> 二

十八、connect（1）connect with/to<把……连接起来；和……相连> Connect this wire to that one.The Suez Canal connects Africa with Asia.（2）He has been connected with the company since 1984.<和……联系>（3）The early bus from the village connects with the 8：30train.<（车、船等在时间上）衔接>（题组训练）用join或connect的适当形式完成下列句子：

47、They all __joined _____________ in singing the Christmas carols.48、The 9：00am train from London ___connects_____ with the 12：05 p.m.from Crewe.49、Two extra carriages were ___joined_____________ onto the train on at York.二

十九、look（1）As，look back upon those years，I am struck by Annie's wisdom.<回顾，回想>（2）I've been looking into this matter this afternoon.<调查>（3）Two men were fighting.The rest were looking on.<旁观>（4）When you're eating fish，look out for bones.<当心，小心>（5）We've been looking out for a new house，but the ones we've seen are all too expensive.<留心找某物>（6）Look up the word in the dictionary<查寻，查找>（7）I want to look my uncle up sometime.<看望，拜访>（8）She looked through her notes before the examination.<浏览>（题组训练）用与look相关的短语填空：

50、A Working Party has been set up to look _____into___________ the problem.51、Look ___out for_____________ pickpockets.52、If you want to know how a word is used，look the word ____up____________ in the Advanced Learner's Dictionary.三

十、make（1）make good use of/make full use of/make the most of/make the best of <充分利用>（2）We should make use of water to produce electricity.（3）He had a gift for thinking up ways of making political points.<提出政治观点>（4）Both husband and wife had to work to make ends meet.<使收支相抵>（5）After years as an unsuccessful businessman，he's finally made it.<成功>（6）Can you make out what that object is on the other side of the valley? <弄清楚，看出>（7）It isn't difficult to make out his ideas.<理解，明白>（8）The explanation in the school book makes no sense，because the words are hard.<讲不通，没意义，不能被理解>（9）Can you make sense of what he says?<理解>（10）The teacher asked the children to make up a story about a trip to the moon.<编，创造>（11）Mary had to make up for the time she missed in school when she was sick，by studying very hard.<弥补>（12）The actors were making up when we arrived.<打扮>（13）The team is made up of nine players.<由……组成>（14）Is that the right time? I made it later.<估计>（15）He's making three hundred a year.<赚得，赢得>（16）He'll make a good lawyer.<（有条件）成为>（17）I think I could make it 8：30 if that's all right for you.<定在（某时间）>（题组训练）用与make相关的短语填空：

53、The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to make it __out_____________.54、She spent an hour making herself ________up________ before the party.55、Hard work can make ____up for____________ a lack of intelligence.56、It's my first holiday for two years so I'm going to make _the most/thebest_______________ of it.三

十一、mean（1）Smoke usually means fire:<意味着>（2）Your friendship means a great deal to me.<有意义，有价值>（3）But I don't believe he means any harm.<有……意图>（4）His parents meant him for a teacher.<打算让某人成为……>（5）This picture is meant for me.<打算给（谁）>（6）This room was meant for the workers' reading room.<打算（做什么用）>（7）What do you mean by coming here this morning?<你……是什么意思？>（题组训练）单项填空：

57、(C)—Why haven't you bought any butter? —I ________________ to，but I forgot about it.A.liked B.wished C.meant D.expected 三

十二、meet（1）It takes 80 years for Mediterranean water to be changed with Atlantic water，as there is one narrow entrance where the Mediterranean meets the Atlantic.<与……汇合>（2）The house stands where three roads meet.<汇合>（3）In order to meet his expenses，he had to do extra work at night.<满足>（4）To join the army，one must meet certain physical standards.<符合（要求）>（5）A policeman could meet danger any minute of his working day.<碰到，遭到>（6）In the woods，he met with two strangers.<遇见，碰到> 三

十三、operate（1）The lift was not operating properly.<（机器）开动，（工厂）开工>（2）The company operates two factories.<开动（机器），管理！（工厂）>（3）The medicine operated quickly.<起作用（Vi.）>（4）He operated on the baby's throat and saved its life.<给……动手术> 三

十四、pay（1）Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter.<参观>（2）It's high time、paid me back the＄100 he owes me.<偿还>（3）How much did you pay for the book?<为……而付款>（4）I'll pay off my debt with this check.<还清>（5）Did your plan pay off?<成功，得到回报>（6）It pays to invest in protective clothing.<收益，得到好处>（题组训练）用与pay相关的短语填空：

58、Teamwork pays ___off_____________.59、I'll pay Jenny ____back____________ for what she did to me！三

十五、pick（1）She picked up the little book and gave it to him.<拾起>（2）He has picked up some bad habits at that club.<沾染>（3）He picked up French while he was staying in Paris.<（非正式）学到>（4）Pick me up at the hotel.<接（人）>（5）This room must be picked up before the guests arrive.<整理、收拾>（6）The class picked up the story where they had left it.<继续讲（故事）>（7）We picked up the radio signals on our receiver.<接收>（8）Have you picked out the movie you want to see?<挑选>（9）Can you pick out your brother in the crowd?<认出>（题组训练）汉译英：

60、他把熟得最透的桃挑了出来。_ He picked out the ripest peach _______________

61、一到春天市场就活跃了。__ The market always picks up in the spring ______________ 62、7点钟我开车来接你。___ I’ll pick you up at 7 o'clock._____________

三

十六、put（1）John puts ten dollars aside every week.<存储，留下>（2）He put aside his textbooks when he left school and never reopened them.<放下，放在一边>（3）Put aside all that has happened and try to start again.<搁在一边，不予考虑>（4）Put your books away.<收起来>（5）Put the dictionary back on the shelf.<放回原处>（6）The meeting has been put back until next week.（=put off）<推迟>（7）Put the clock back by five minutes.<拨慢>（8）Put the clock forward by five minutes.<拨快>（9）He put out the lamp and went out.<使熄灭，扑灭>（10）The company puts out 13 new machines every month.<生产，出版>（11）Are you serious in putting forward such a view?<提出>（12）put into effect<执行，实施>（13）put into force<使生效>（14）put into practice<实行，付诸实行>（15）put on weight<增加体重>（16）put one's heart into<全心全意干某事>（17）put sb.through<接通电话>（18）put to bed<安顿孩子睡觉>（19）put to use<加以利用>（20）put up with<忍受，容忍>（21）I just didn't wish to put you to the trouble of changing a large note.<给某人添麻烦> 三

十七、refer（1）if you don't know how to pronounce the word，refer to the dictionary.<查阅，参阅>（2）He referred to the matter once or twice.<提到，谈到> The man referred to in the talk is one of my friends.（3）What I have to say refers to all of you.<涉及>（4）The lady was referring to Mike when she spoke of a bright boy.<指的是>（5）He referred his success to his good teacher.<归功于> 三

十八、run（1）The buses run until after twelve.<（车辆等）行驶>（2）The machine ran continuously for eight days.<运转>（3）The water runs out of the pipe into the bucket.<流>（4）For several miles the road runs across a plain.<（道路等）延伸，延续>（5）They run most of the stores here.<管理，经营>（6）The chairman ran the meeting well.<主持>（7）Will the color in this dress run if I wash it?<褪色>（8）He is running for governor.<竞选>（9）If you ran after two hares，you will catch neither.<追赶>（10）She hit the child and ran away.<走掉，跑掉>（11）All our supply of food has run out（=given out）.<被用完>（12）We ran out of coal，and had to burn wood.<用完>（13）I ran over a rabbit this morning.<（车辆）撞倒并碾过>（14）Run through this article and tell me what you think of it.<匆忙看一遍> 三

十九、see to（1）I've got a lot of things to see to.<处理>（2）Who is to see to the organization of the next meeting?<负责>（3）Will you see to that customer，please?<照顾>（4）If I see to getting the car out，will you see to closing the windows?<负责>（5）Please see to it that the lights are turned off.（=make sure/ensure that）

<确保> 四

十、send（1）We've just sent her to sleep.<使进入梦乡>（2）My sister sends you greetings and asks when you will be in London.<致，送>（3）That noise will send me mad.<（跟复合结构）使变得>（4）The explosion sent things flying in all directions.<（跟带分词的复合结构）使得……>（5）They have sent up several spaceships this year.<发射>（6）send for a taxi/an ambulance/a doctor <（派人）找计程车／叫救护车／请医生来> 四

十一、set（1）We set about clearing（set out to clear）up the mess.<开始做或处理；着手>（2）You'd better set aside some money for special use.<（为了某种目的）留出、拨出、节省>（3）Set aside my wishes in this matter.<对……不予考虑>（4）We will set off（out）for Africa tomorrow.<动身，出发>（5）Polonium is used to set off a nuclear bomb.<引爆>（6）Let's set up the tent first and build the fire later.<竖起来，立起来，支起来>（7）He set up a new record.<创造>（8）The film was set in California in the middle of the nineteenth century.<以……为背景，故事发生在…….>（题组训练）用与set相关的短语填空：

63、The new government must set __about______________ finding solutions to the country's economic problems.64、Let's set _____aside___________ my personal feelings.四

十二、show（1）He told the BBC that he wanted 17 hours of nonstop TV time so that both concerts could be shown on television.<播出，展出，放映>（2）Tickets，please.Show your tickets.<把……拿给……看>（3）Come along.I'll show you to your room myself.<带某人到某处>（4）My cousin is visiting us next week，and I have promised to show him around New York.<领某人到处看看>（5）Most small children show off in front of visitors.<炫耀> 四

十三、stand（1）The letters“ UK” stand for “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”.<代表>（2）I can't stand the hot weather.<忍受>（3）You should learn to stand on your own two feet.<依靠自己，自主>（4）stand out<显得突出，显眼，引人注目>（5）stand by<站在一边，袖手旁观，支持，站在……边> 四

十四、strike（1）On Friday 16th October，1987，a hurricane struck the southeast of England.<侵袭>（2）The boy struck the man with a stick.<打>（3）A stone struck me on the head.<打中，击中>（4）I struck a match and held it to his cigarette.<擦燃（火柴）>（5）An idea suddenly struck me.<（某种想法）忽然出现，使……忽然想起>（6）He was struck by her beauty.<给人深刻印象>（7）They are striking for higher pay.（=They，on strike for higher pay.）<罢工>（8）I left immediately the clock struck twelve.<（钟）敲响> 四

十五、turn（1）He was poor but proud and turned down every offer of help.<拒绝接受>（2）The campers usually turned in as soon as it got dark.<上床睡觉>（3）The teachers have to turn in the reports at the end of the school year.<上交>（4）The examination turned out（to be）easy.<结果是，最后情况是>（5）Bob turns over most of the money he earns to his mother.<移交，交给>（6）The car struck the wall and turned over.<撞翻，翻倒>（7）He turned over in bed.<翻身，翻转>（8）Please turn over this page.<翻过>（9）The missing boy turned up<出现>（10）If you have some questions，you can turn to your teachers for help.<求助于>（11）Mozart's music always turns me on/off.<使感兴趣／使不感兴趣>（12）She turned away in horror at the sight of so much blood.<转身不看>（13）Because the hall was full，many people were turned a way.<撵走>（14）turn a blind eye to/on<视而不见>（15）turn a deaf ear to <充耳不闻>（16）turn about<向后转>（17）turn against<反对，背叛>（18）turn back<返回，折回，使往回走>（19）by turns<轮流>（20）in turn<一个挨一个地又（对别人）做同样的事>（21）take turns<轮流（做某事）>（题组训练）同义词组替换：

65、I have waited for him for hours but he hasn't __turned up______________（appeared）yet.66、His invitation is ___ turned down ___________（refused）.67、If you don't know the words，you can __ turn to ______________（refer to）a dictionary.四

十六、take（1）The assistant did not take her seriously and advised her to buy two bottles of very expensive wine.<认真对待>（2）He led the ships down the river to a place where the British army could land safely and take the enemy by surprise.<突然袭击>（3）I won't take up much of your time.<占去（时间）>（4）The table takes up too much room.<占去，占据（空间）>（5）When he left school he took up journalism.<从事某项活动，发展某种爱好>（6）People should be ready to go to prison for their beliefs，but they should never take up anus to fight.<拿起武器>（7）When you return to the office the following morning or after the holiday，you can listen to the messages and take any necessary action.<采取必要的行动>（8）The teacher took up the lesson where he left off yesterday.<继续讲述>（9）Jean took advantage of the lunch hour to finish her homework.<利用>（10）I take back what I said.<收回>（11）Take it easy.The roads are icy.<不要着急>（12）He is taking over my job while I am on holiday.<接替，接管>（13）He seemed to take great pride in his work.<对……感到骄傲>（14）She had taken the trouble to buy the books for me.<费力，不怕麻烦>（15）I'll take on the work，but I can't tell you exactly when I'll finish it.<从事>（16）The Great Wall has taken on a new look since the liberation.<呈现>（17）Is the supermarket taking on any more assistants?<雇用> 四

十七、work out（1）We must work out a plan as quickly as we can.<制定，拟定，定出>（2）Have you worked out this problem yet?<算出，估计出>（3）I can't work out the meaning of the poem.<理解，弄懂，看出>（4）This map is wrong；I can't work out where we are.<判断，说出，看出>（5）Things will work out if you will just be patient.<得到圆满解决>（6）Things have worked out badly.<（情况等）结果是>（题组训练）英译汉：

68、Things worked out quite well._事情的结果很不错_______________ 69、I've never been able to work her out._我一向无法了解她

70、Can you work out what these squiggles mean___你能辨认出这些潦草的字迹是什么意思吗？____________