女王圣诞演讲

第一篇：女王圣诞演讲

英国女王伊丽莎白二世于25日发表一年一度的圣诞节致辞。在今年的致辞中，伊丽莎白二世将呼吁国际和解，并对那些在非洲抗击埃博拉疫情的医疗工作者表示赞扬。伊丽莎白二世每年的圣诞致辞都由她本人亲自执笔。讲话提前录制，并在25日圣诞节当天下午通过电视播放。伊丽莎白二世于1952年首次发表圣诞致辞，该致辞通过广播播出。大家赶紧学习下里面精彩的英语表达吧。

In the ruins of the old Coventry Cathedral is a sculpture of a man and a woman reaching out to embrace each other（张开双臂拥抱彼此）.The sculptor was inspired by the story of a woman who crossed Europe on foot after the war to find her husband.在考文垂大教堂的废墟上有一尊雕塑，一男一女张开双臂拥抱彼此。这尊塑像源自于一个女人在战后以步行的方式横跨欧洲千里寻夫的故事。

Casts（铸件）of the same sculpture can be found in Belfast and Berlin, and it is simply called Reconciliation（调和、和谐）.相同的雕像还可以在贝尔法斯特和柏林被找到，人们赋予它一个简单的名字，叫做“和解”。

Reconciliation is the peaceful end to conflict, and we were reminded of this（被提醒）in August when countries on both sides of the first world war came together to remember in peace.“和解”是一场冲突之后的和平结局。8月份的时候，当一战双方国家聚集在一起和平纪念的时候，我们想起了这个这个词汇。

The ceramic poppies at the Tower of London drew millions（万人瞩目）, and the only possible reaction to seeing them and walking among them was silence.For every poppy a life;and a reminder of（一个…的提醒之物）the grief of loved ones（至亲）left behind.伦敦塔顶的陶瓷罂粟花万人瞩目，但真正看到它们并且在它们中间穿过的时候，你唯一的反映就是沉默。每一朵罂粟花代表一个逝去的生命，也是对至亲们的哀思。

No one who fought in that war is still alive, but we remember their sacrifice and indeed the sacrifice of all those in the armed forces（军队）who serve and protect us today.参战的人可能已逝，但我们铭记他们的牺牲，同样也铭记那些当今服务和保卫我们的陆海空三军将士们的贡献。

In 1914, many people thought the war would be over by Christmas, but sadly by then（在那个时候）the trenches were dug（战壕还在挖掘）and the future shape of the war in Europe was set.1914年的时候，很多人以为战争会在圣诞前结束，不过不幸的是，战壕却在进一步扩大，欧洲的战局也初步形成。

But, as we know, something remarkable（不同寻常的事情）did happen that Christmas, exactly a hundred years ago today.但是，据我们所知，那个圣诞，也就是100年前的今天，的确发生了一些不寻常的事情。

Without any instruction or command, the shooting stopped and German and British soldiers met in no man’s land（无人区）.Photographs were taken and gifts exchanged（交换礼物）.It was a Christmas truce（圣诞休战）.在没有任何指令和命令的情况下，德国和英国的士兵走出战壕在无人区自发休战，有照片记载他们交换礼物，这是圣诞休战。

Truces are not a new idea.In the ancient world a truce was declared（宣布休战）for the duration of the Olympic Games and wars and battles were put on hold（中止）.“休战”并不是新事物，在古代，奥林匹克运动会时，也会休战，所有战争和争端在那时会暂缓。

Sport has a wonderful way of bringing together（团结）people and nations, as we saw this year in Glasgow when over 70 countries took part in（参加）the Commonwealth Games（英联邦运动会）.“运动”也是一个将所有人和国家汇聚在一起的极佳方法，比如今年的格拉斯哥，超过70多个国家参加的英联邦运动会。

It is no accident that（…绝非偶然）they are known as（又叫）the Friendly Games.As well as（既…，）promoting dialogue between nations, the Commonwealth Games pioneered（首创）the inclusion of（…的融合）para-sports within each day’s events.英联邦运动会又叫“亲善友谊运动会”绝非偶然，它既促进了国家之间的对话，又首创性的在赛事中融合了很多其它项目（英联邦运动会既有残疾人项目，也包含了一些流行于英联邦国家的项目如草地滚球、七人制橄榄球和无网篮球等）。

As with the Invictus Games that followed, the courage, determination and talent of the athletes captured our imagination（给我们留下深刻印象）as well as breaking down（分解、消除）divisions.而随后的“不可征服运动会”（专门负伤军人举办的运动会），运动员们的勇气，决心和才华既给我们留下了深刻的印象，同时也消除瓦解了隔阂和分级。

The benefits of reconciliation were clear to see（…的优势显而易见）when I visited Belfast in June.While my tour of the set of Game Of Thrones may have gained most attention（获得关心）, my visit to the Crumlin Road Gaol will remain vividly in my mind.我今年6月去贝尔法斯特，和解的意义显而易见，尽管大家对我参观“权利的游戏”片场关心的比较多，但克拉姆林道监狱之行却历历在目。

What was once a prison during the Troubles is now a place of hope and fresh purpose;a reminder of（一个…的提醒之物）what is possible when people reach out to one another（拥抱彼此）, rather like the couple in the sculpture.曾经纷争中的监狱如今却是一个充满希望和主旨鲜明的地方，提醒大家拥抱彼此已成可能，而不再像雕像中的那对夫妻那样。

Of course, reconciliation takes different forms（呈现不同的形式）.In Scotland after the referendum（公投）many felt great disappointment, while others felt great relief;and bridging these differences（消除这些差异）will take time（花些时间）.当然，和解有不同的形式。苏格兰公投之后，不少人会很失望，但有些人则感到欣慰。联结这些异见也需要时间。

Bringing reconciliation to war or emergency zones is an even harder task, and I have been deeply touched（深深感动）this year by the selflessness of（…的无私）aid workers and medical volunteers who have gone abroad to help victims of conflict or of diseases like Ebola, often at great personal risk（冒着个人巨大风险）.把“和解”带去战争或应急区是个更难的任务，我今年被无私的救援人员和医务志愿者深深感动，他们冒着个人的危险，到国外去帮助解决冲突，去帮助例如埃博拉等疾病的受害者。

For me, the life of Jesus Christ, the prince of peace, whose birth we celebrate today, is an inspiration and an anchor in my life（*超赞之句：我生命中的鼓励和依靠）.对于我来说，耶稣---和平之君，他的生日，也就是我们圣诞庆祝的原因，是我生命中的鼓舞和依靠。

A role model（典范）of reconciliation and forgiveness, he stretched out his hands（伸出双手）in love, acceptance and healing.Christ’s example has taught me to seek to（寻求）respect and value（尊重和珍视）all people, of whatever faith or none.作为和解和宽容的榜样，耶稣他带着爱，接纳和治愈伸出双手，他教会了我们去追寻，尊重和珍惜每一个人，无论信仰如何。

Sometimes it seems that reconciliation stands little chance（可能性很小）in the face of（在…面前）war and discord.But, as the Christmas truce a century ago reminds us, peace and goodwill（和平和善意）have lasting power（恒久的力量）in the hearts of men and women.有时候“和解”看起来在战争和争端中的可能性很小，但是，正如一个世纪前的圣诞节休战提醒我们的：和平和友好意愿在世人心中有着更恒久的力量。

On that chilly Christmas Eve in 1914 many of the German forces sang Silent Night, its haunting melody（久久回荡的音符）inching across（跨越）the line.在1914年的那个寒冷平安夜，很多德国军人唱响“平安夜”这首歌，那令人忘怀的旋律跨越了战线。

That carol（颂歌）is still much-loved（深受喜爱）today, a legacy of the Christmas truce, and a reminder to us all that even in the unlikeliest of places hope can still be found.那首圣诞颂歌今天依然倍受欢迎，是圣诞休战的遗产，也是在提醒我们：即使在最绝望的地方，希望仍在。

第二篇：2012女王圣诞演讲

The Queen’s Christmas speech in 2012 This past year has been one of great celebration for many.The enthusiasm which greeted the Diamond Jubilee was, of course, especially memorable for me and my family.“It was humbling that so many chose to mark the anniversary of a duty which passed to me 60 years ago.People of all ages took the trouble to take part in various ways and in many nations.But perhaps most striking of all was to witness the strength of fellowship and friendship among those who had gathered together on these occasions.”Prince Philip and I were joined by our family on the River Thames as we paid tribute to those who have shaped the United Kingdom's past and future as a maritime nation, and welcomed a wonderful array of craft, large and small, from across the Commonwealth.“On the barges and the bridges and the banks of the river there were people who had taken their places to cheer through the mist, undaunted by the rain.That day there was a tremendous sense of common determination to celebrate, triumphing over the elements.”That same spirit was also in evidence from the moment the Olympic flame arrived on these shores.The flame itself drew hundreds and thousands of people on its journey around the British Isles, and was carried by every kind of deserving individual, many nominated for their own extraordinary service.“As London hosted a splendid summer of sport, all those who saw the achievement and courage at the Olympic and Paralympic Games were further inspired by the skill, dedication, training and teamwork of our athletes.In pursuing their own sporting goals, they gave the rest of us the opportunity to share something of the excitement and drama.”We were reminded, too, that the success of these great festivals depended to an enormous degree upon the dedication and effort of an army of volunteers.Those public-spirited people came forward in the great tradition of all those who devote themselves to keeping others safe, supported and comforted.“For many, Christmas is also a time for coming together.But for others, service will come first.Those serving in our armed forces, in our emergency services and in our hospitals, whose sense of duty takes them away from family and friends, will be missing those they love.”And those who have lost loved ones may find this day especially full of memories.That's why it's important at this time of year to reach out beyond our familiar relationships to think of those who are on their own.“At Christmas I am always struck by how the spirit of togetherness lies also at the heart of the Christmas story.A young mother and a dutiful father with their baby were joined by poor shepherds and visitors from afar.They came with their gifts to worship the Christ child.From that day on he has inspired people to commit themselves to the best interests of others.”This is the time of year when we remember that God sent his only son 'to serve, not to be served'.He restored love and service to the centre of our lives in the person of Jesus Christ.“It is my prayer this Christmas Day that his example and teaching will continue to bring people together to give the best of themselves in the service of others.”The carol, In The Bleak Midwinter, ends by asking a question of all of us who know the Christmas story, of how God gave himself to us in humble service: 'What can I give him, poor as I am? If I were a shepherd, I would bring a lamb;if I were a wise man, I would do my part'.The carol gives the answer 'Yet what I can I give him-give my heart'.“I wish you all a very happy Christmas.”

第三篇：女王2013年圣诞演讲

女王2013年致辞：停下来想一想

I once knew someone who spent a year in a plaster cast recovering from an operation on his back.He read a lot, and thought a lot, and felt miserable.我曾认识那么一个人，他因为后背手术，打着石膏等待康复，这样度过了整整一年的时间。这一年的时间，他博览群书，反复思考，最后却暗自神伤。

Later, he realized this time of forced retreat from the world had helped him to understand the world more clearly.但后来，他意识到被迫从世界抽离的这段日子帮助他更清楚得理解了这个世界。

We all need to get the balance right between action and reflection.With so many distractions, it is easy to forget to pause and take stock.我们都需要在行动和反思中找到平衡，在纷纷扰扰中，我们很容易就忘了需要停下脚步来对现状进行评估和反思。

Be it through contemplation, prayer, or even keeping a diary, many have found the practice of quiet personal reflection surprisingly rewarding, even discovering greater spiritual depth to their lives.很多人发现安静的个人反思，比如冥想，祷告甚至写日记，会有意想不到的惊喜，会挖掘到生活中自己心灵的更深处。

Reflection can take many forms.When families and friends come together at Christmas, it's often a time for happy memories and reminiscing.Our thoughts are with those we have loved who are no longer with us.We also remember those who through doing their duty cannot be at home for Christmas, such as workers in essential or emergency services.反思可以有很多种形式。家人和朋友在圣诞节时欢聚一堂，留下无数美好回忆。我们追忆着曾经深爱的让人，即便他们已经不在我们身边。我们也会想起那些因为工作和责任无法回家和家人团聚的人，比如那些奋战在重要和紧急服务岗位上的工作人员。

And especially at this time of year we think of the men and women serving overseas in our armed forces.We are forever grateful to all those who put themselves at risk to keep us safe.尤其是海外服役的军人们，每年这个时候我们总会不经意得想起他们，感谢他们不顾自身安危为我们保驾护航；

Service and duty are not just the guiding principles of yesteryear;they have an enduring value which spans the generations.服务与责任不只是昔日的一种指导原则，而是我们秉承的一种永恒价值观念。

I myself had cause to reflect this year, at Westminster Abbey, on my own pledge of service made in that great church on Coronation Day sixty years earlier.今年是我加冕的60周年，我自己也需要停下来反思60多年前我在威斯敏斯特教堂许下的承诺。

The anniversary reminded me of the remarkable changes that have occurred since the Coronation, many of them for the better;and of the things that have remained constant, such as the importance of family, friendship and good neighborliness.加冕后这些年，我们国家发生了很多惊人的变化，有些变得越来越好，有些却从未改变，如家庭、友谊以及睦邻友好的重要性。

But reflection is not just about looking back.I and many others are looking forward to the Commonwealth Games in Glasgow next year.沉思不仅仅指停下来回望来时路，还得考虑将来。和大家一样，我也在期待着明年在格拉斯哥的英联邦运动会。

The baton relay left London in October and is now the other side of the world, on its way across seventy nations and territories before arriving in Scotland next summer.Its journey is a reminder that the Commonwealth can offer us a fresh view of life.英联邦运动会的接力棒10月离开伦敦，现在已经到达世界的另一边，它将跨越70个英联邦国家和地区于明年夏天到达苏格兰。这段不同凡响的旅程将刷新整个英联邦的价值观。

My son Charles summed this up at the recent meeting in Sri Laika.He spoke of the Commonwealth's “family ties” that are a source of encouragement to many.Like any family there can be differences of opinion.But however strongly they're expressed they are held within the common bond of friendship and shared experiences.最近査尔斯王子最近在斯里兰卡的一次会议上做过一番总结。他提到英联邦国家之间有一种“家庭的纽带”。这真是莫大的鼓舞。就像所有的家庭一样，我们会有不同的想法和分歧，但是至少我们之间有很牢固的友谊和共同的经历。

Here at home my own family is a little larger this Christmas.As so many of you will know, the arrival of a baby gives everyone the chance to contemplate the future with renewed happiness and hope.For the new parents, life will never be quite the same again.今年圣诞，我自己的小家变大了一点。新生命的到来让我们所有人对未来有了新的憧憬和希冀。对新爸爸和新妈妈来说，生活有了新的变化。

As with all who are christened, George was Baptist into a joyful faith of Christian duty and service.After the christening, we gathered for the traditional photograph.It was a happy occasion, bringing together four generations.跟很多人一样，小乔治已受洗成一名基督徒。洗礼结束后，我们拍照。此次，我们四代同堂。

In the year ahead, I hope you will have time to pause for moments of quiet reflection.As the man in the plaster cast discovered, the results can sometimes be surprising.在未来的一年里，我希望大家记得驻足安静地反思一下，就像那个打石膏的人一样，反思的结果有时可能令你惊讶。

For Christians, as for all people of faith, reflection, meditation and prayer help us to renew ourselves in God's love, as we strive daily to become better people.The Christmas message shows us that this love is for everyone.There is no one beyond its reach.对基督徒来说，我们每天都在努力奋斗成为一个更棒的自己，若我们停下来沉思、冥想、祷告，我们会不断发现新的自己。圣诞节带给我们的信念告诉我们：这种爱是赋予每个人的，没有例外。

On the first Christmas, in the fields above Bethlehem, as they sat in the cold of night watching their resting sheep, the local shepherds must have had no shortage of time for reflection.Suddenly all this was to change.These humble shepherds were the first to hear and ponder the wondrous news of the birth of Christthe joy of which we celebrate today.第一个圣诞节，寒冷的冬夜，牧羊人在伯利恒（耶稣诞生地)的荒野中，看着那些熟睡的羊，他们一定不缺时间反思。突然间一切都变了，这群穷苦的牧羊人成为了第一个听到耶稣诞生消息达到人，并且细细思量。自此，第一个圣诞节的欢乐气氛一直延续到今日。

I wish you all a very happy Christmas.祝大家圣诞快乐。

第四篇：2009女王圣诞演讲

2009 圣诞致辞演讲是英国王室传统。1932年，当时的英国国王乔治五世首次发表圣诞节讲话。77年之后，现年83岁的女王身穿天蓝色服装，饰以钻石珍珠胸针，戴着珍珠项链，面带微笑，继续她第57次圣诞致辞。

Each year that passes seems to have its own character.Some leave us with a feeling of satisfaction, others are best forgotten.2009 was a difficult year for many, in particular those facing the continuing effects of the economic downturn.过去每年似乎都各具特点。一些年份让我们心满意足，一些年份则最好忘却。2009年对很多人来说都不好过，尤其是那些深受经济衰退之苦的人们。

I am sure that we have all been affected by events in Afghanistan and saddened by the casualties suffered by our forces serving there.Our thoughts go out to their relations and friends who have shown immense dignity in the face of great personal loss.我相信，我们所有人都受到阿富汗战事影响，为英军士兵伤亡感到悲伤。我们向这些士兵的家人和朋友表示慰问，他们面对巨大个人损失表现得无比高尚。But, we can be proud of the positive contribution that our servicemen and women are making, in conjunction with our allies.但我们应该为我们的士兵与盟友作出的积极贡献而感到骄傲。

Well over 13,000 soldiers from the United Kingdom, and across the Commonwealthare currently serving in Afghanistan.英国和包括加拿大、澳大利亚、新西兰和新加坡在内的英联邦国家眼下共有超过1.3万名士兵在阿富汗服役。

The debt of gratitude owed to these young men and women, and to their predecessors, is indeed profound.我们对这些年轻士兵以及先前在阿富汗服役过的士兵表示深深感激。

It is 60 years since the Commonwealth was created and today, with more than a billion of its members under the age of 25, the organization remains a strong and practical force for good.今年是英联邦成立60周年，今天其成员国25岁以下人口超过10亿，为它保持长久的强大和实用提供了力量源泉。

Recently I attended the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in Trinidad and Tobago and heard how important the Commonwealth is to young people.最近我刚刚参加了在特立尼达和多巴哥举行的英联邦政府首脑会议，听到联邦对年轻人是多么重要。

New communication technologies allow them to reach out to the wider world and share their experiences and viewpoints.For many, the practical assistance and networks of the Commonwealth can give skills, lend advice and encourage enterprise.新的通信技术使他们能够接触到更广阔的世界，分享他们的经验和观点。对于许多人来说，英联邦的实际援助与网络可以提供技能，给予意见和鼓励进取。It is inspiring to learn of some of the work being done by these young people, who bring creativity and innovation to the challenges they face.令人鼓舞的是，我了解到一些年轻人正在做着一些事情，他们面对挑战，富于创造力和创新精神。It is important to keep discussing issues that concern us all-there can by no more valuable role for our family of nations.I have been closely associated with the Commonwealth through most of its existence.对关系到我们所有人的问题保持讨论很重要，它让我们的大家庭产生更大的价值。在英联邦成立以来的大部分时间里，我都同它联系紧密。

The personal and living bond I have enjoyed with leaders, and with people the world over, has always been more important in promoting our unity than symbolism alone.我个人同各国领袖、人民密不可分。这不单是象征意义，也能促进我们的团结。The Commonwealth is not an organization with a mission.It is rather an opportunity for its people to work together to achieve practical solutions to problems.英联邦并非一个具某种使命的组织，而更是一个让各国人民合作、解决困难的平台。

In many aspects of our lives, whether in sport, the environment, business or culture, the Commonwealth connection remains vivid and enriching.在涉及我们生活的许多方面，不论是体育、环境、商业或文化，英联邦国家之间的联系紧密而丰富。

It is, in lots of ways, the face of the future.And with continuing support and dedication, I am confident that this diverse Commonwealth of nations can strengthen the common bond that transcends politics, religion, race and economic circumstances.在很多方面这展现未来的前景。随着不断的支持和贡献，我相信英联邦国家的多元化能加强各国在政治、宗教、种族和经济环境的凝聚力。

We know that Christmas is a time for celebration and family reunions;but it is also a time to reflect on what confronts those less fortunate than ourselves, at home and throughout the world.众所周知，圣诞节是欢庆与家人团聚的时候，但我们也可以借这个时机回顾那些国内外不幸者面临的困境。

Christians are taught to love their neighbors, having compassion and concern, and being ready to undertake charity and voluntary work to ease the burden of deprivation and disadvantage.基督徒被教导要爱他们的邻居，有同情心，乐于慈善和志愿工作，以减轻贫困和不利的负担。

We may ourselves be confronted by a bewildering array of difficulties and challenges, but we must never cease to work for a better future for ourselves and for others.我们自己会面临一连串的困难和挑战，这些困难和挑战会令我们感到困惑，但我们绝不能停下脚步。而应该继续努力，为自己和他人创造更美好的未来。I wish you all, wherever you may be, a very happy Christmas.不论你们现时身在何处，我都祝愿你们圣诞快乐。

第五篇：2012女王圣诞演讲文体分析 英文

A Brief Stylistic Analysis of the Christmas Broadcast 2012 As a tradition, the Queen of the Great Britain delivered a speech on Dec.25, 2012.She reviewed important things happened the whole year and wished everyone a happy Christmas.Actually we can find a lot of stylistic features.The exploration will be carried out in five perspectives, phonological, graphological, lexical, syntactical and semantic analyses.At the phonological level To speak in appropriate terms, the queen speaks in moderate tempo, not too slowly nor too fast.She speaks so smoothly that almost the whole speech shares the same speed.These features are related to her status.As a queen, she should behave decently and elegantly.So, it is no wonder that we cannot find overexcitement in the speech which is even delivered on Christmas day.Secondly, the speech was characterized by many silent pauses.Each pause signals the end of a thought unit.For example, after talking about the Diamond Jubilee, she pauses.It gives the audience time to remind what she has said and to concentrate on what she will say.At the graghological level Before the speech, we see symphony orchestra play.It creates a dignified atmosphere of the speech.The shots switch from the queen and the occasion she mentions during the speech.It can remind the audience of the scene of the event.Also it plays the carol to fit the speech before and after the queen quotes the carol.The speech is divided into many short paragraphs in one conspicuous praphological marker.There are 14 paragraphs, and many of them just contain one or two sentences.The function is that the queen can say a lot of things briefly.For example, she uses three short paragraphs to talk about the Olympic Games.She mentions the Olympic flame, the athletes and the army of volunteers, which is so comprehensive.At the lexical level The words she uses are quite formal and standard, but almost all of them are not difficult to understand.For example, tribute, enormous, tremendous, triumph, etc.Also, we can find lots of phrases including none phrases, verb phrases and prepositional phrases, such as take the trouble to, take tribute to, in evidence from, on their own, etc.All of them make the speech formal and decent.Besides, the queen uses a lot of favorable words.We can find enthusiasm, wonderful, tremendous, triumph, cheer, nominated, best interests, excitement, love, service, etc.these words can reflect the noble status of the queen.At the syntactic level Totally, there are 31 sentences.15 of them are complex sentences and 1 is compound sentence.The rest are simple sentences.The average sentence length is 19.45 words, which is large than the average number, 17.8 per sentence.The reason to use relatively long sentence lies in the fact that it can provide more information and make the speech more accurate and formal.Meanwhile, the speech usually alternates between the use of long and short, complex and simple sentences to make the audience easier to understand and give variety to the rhythm.That same spirit was also in evidence from the moment the Olympic flame arrived on these shores.(short and simple sentence)The flame itself drew hundreds and thousands of people on its journey around the British Isles, and was carried by every kind of deserving individual, many nominated for their own extraordinary service.(long and compound sentence)There are two main tenses in the speech-----the simple past tense and the simple present tense.From the beginning to the seventh paragraph, simple past tense is the prevailing one.She talks about the Diamond Jubilee and the Olympic Games happened last year.And using simple past tense to provide the facts makes them more convincing.Then, from the eighth paragraph to the end, she uses simple present tense mainly.Since she changes the topic and eulogizes togetherness, love and service.Also, she expresses her best wishes to everyone.Obviously, the simple present tense is the best choice there.At the semantic level We can see that the queen uses a lot of rhetorical devices to enhance her expressiveness.The first one is parallelism, which makes the speech more rhythmical.…in our armed forces, in our emergency services and in our hospitals…(“in our…”structure)

If I were a shepherd, I would bring a lamb;if I were a wise man, I would do my part(“If I were…I would…” structure)

We can also find contrast in the speech.It can stress what the speaker wants to say.For many, Christmas is also a time for coming together.But for others, service will come first.Here, the queen wants to praise “others”----who still work on Christmas day for their spirit of service.Contrast can strengthen the praise.In many occasions, we can also find euphemism.As a queen, she should take all kinds of people into account, including “those who have lost loved ones”.And those who have lost loved ones may find this day especially full of memories.That's why it's important at this time of year to reach out beyond our familiar relationships to think of those who are on their own.Alliteration and consonance are used in the speech to make it more colorful and beautiful.“On the barges and the bridges and the banks…” “…hundreds and thousands…” “…safe, supported and comforted”

Here, barge, bridge and bank share the same initial sound “b”;safe, supported share the same initial sound “s”.They are alliteration.Barges and bridges share the same consonants “ges”;hundreds and thousands share the same sound “ds”;supported and comforted share the same sound “orted”.They are consonance.In the end of the speech, the queen quotes the carol to stress the spirit of love and service and make the speech more meaningful.The carol, In the Bleak Midwinter, ends by asking a question of all of us who know the Christmas story, of how God gave himself to us in humble service: 'What can I give him, poor as I am? If I were a shepherd, I would bring a lamb;if I were a wise man, I would do my part'.The carol gives the answer 'Yet what I can I give himgive my heart'.I wish you all a very happy Christmas.