第一篇:高级英丘吉尔演讲、马克吐温
1.Speech on Hitler’ Invasion of the U.S.S.R
“Behind all this glare.behind all this storm, I see that small group of villainous men who plan, organize, and launch this cataract of horrors upon mankind...在这番刀光剑影、血雨腥风的背后,我看到了那一小撮谋划、组织并向人类发起这场恐怖战争的恶棍···
“I have to declare the decision of His Majesty’s Government—and I feel sure it is a decision in
which the great Dominions will in due course concur—for we must speak out now at once, without a day’s delay.I have to make the declaration, but can you doubt what our policy will be? We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose.We are resolved to destroy Hitler and every vestige of the Nazi regime.From this nothing will turn us—nothing.We will never parley,we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang.We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its people from his yoke.Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid.Any man or state who marches with Hitler is our foe...That is our policy and that is our declaration.It follows therefore that we shall give whatever help we can to Russia and the Russian people.We shall appeal to all our friends and allies in every part of the world to take the same course and pursue it,as we shall faithfully and stead-fastly to the end....现在我必须宣布大英帝国的决定,我确信伟大的自治领地在适当时候会一致同意这个决定。然而我们必须立即宣布这项决定,一天也不能耽搁。我必须发表这项声明,难道你们会怀疑我们的政策吗?我们只有一个目标,一个唯一的,不可能变的目标,那就是一定要消灭希特勒和纳粹政权的一切痕迹。什么也不能使我们改变这个决定。什么也不能!我们决不妥协;我们决不同希特勒或他的任何党羽谈判。我们将在陆地上同他战斗,直至借上帝之力,在地球上清除他的阴影,并把地球上的人民从他的枷锁中解放出来。我们将援助任何一个同纳粹主义作战的人或者国家。我们将敌视任何一个助纣为虐的人或国家···这就是我们的政策,这就是我们的宣言。因此,我们将尽力援助(前)苏联和(前)苏联人民。我们将呼吁世界各地的朋友和盟友与我们同心协力,忠诚不渝地斗争到底···
“This is no class war, but a war in which the whole British Empire and Commonwealth of Nations is engaged, without distinction of race, creed, or party.It is not for me to speak of the action of the Soviet Russia will cause the slightest divergence of aims or slackening of effort in the great democracies who are resolved upon his doom, he is woefully mistaken.On the contrary, we shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts to rescue mankind from his tyranny.We shall be strengthened and not weakened in determination and in resources.这绝不是阶级战争。这是一场大英帝国和英联邦,不分种族,不分信仰,不分党派,共同参与的战争。我无权代表美国方面做任何行动宣言,但我要声明一点,如果希特勒认为他对(前)苏联的进攻会稍稍转移那些一心埋葬他的伟大的民主国家的目标或者使他们斗志松懈的话,那么他就大错特错了。恰恰相反,我们将会更加坚定,勇敢地为将人类从他的暴政下解救出来而奋斗,我们将加强自己的决心和力量,绝不退缩。
“This is no time to moralise on the follies of countries and Governments which have allowed themselves to be struck down one by one, when by united action they could have saved the world from this catastrophe.But when I spoke a few minutes ago of Hitler’s bold-lust and the hateful appetites which have impelled or lured him on his Russian adventure.I said there was one deeper motive behind his outrage.He wishes to destroy the Russian power because he hopes that if he succeeds in this he will be able to bring back the main strength of his Army and Air Force from the East and hurl it upon this Island, which he knows he must conquer or suffer the penalty of his crimes.His invasion of Russia is no more than a prelude to an attempted invasion of the British Isles.He hops, no doubt, that all this may be accomplished before the winter comes, and that he can overwhelm Great Britain before the Fleet and air-power of the United States may intervene.He hopes that he may once again repeat, upon a greater scale than ever before, that process of destroying his enemies one by one by which he has so long thrived and prospered, and that then the scene will be clear for the final act, without which all his conquests would be in vain-namely, the subjugation of the Western Hemisphere to his will and to his system.那些遭到德军各个击破的国家和政府,当初若是采取联合行动,原本是可以使自己和全世界免遭劫难的。当然,现在不是对他们的愚蠢行为发表评论的时候。但我在几分钟前谈到希特勒嗜血成性、欲壑难填的本性驱使并引诱他发动了对(前)苏联的贸然进攻时,我说过在他的 疯狂行为背后隐藏着一个蓄谋已久的动机。他之所以想摧毁苏联军队,是因为他期望一旦这一行动得手,他便可以将其他陆军和空军主力从东线调回,进而投入到对英国的进攻中去。他明白,他必须征服英国,否则,他将为他的罪行付出代价。希特勒侵略(前)苏联只不过是蓄谋侵略不列颠诸岛的前奏。毫无疑问,他期望在冬季到来之前完成这一切,并在美国海军和空军干涉之前击溃英国。他指望更大规模地故伎重演,各个击破。他一直以来都是凭借这种伎俩得逞的。那是,他就可以为最后行动清除障碍了,也就是说,他就要迫使西半球屈从于他的意志和制度下了,而如果做不到这一点,他的一切征服都将化为泡影。
1.Mark Twain--Mirror of America
Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn’idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom sawyer’ endless summer of freedom and adventure.Indeed, this nation’s best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined.I found another Twain as well-one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人印象中,马克吐温是位伟大的作家,他向我们描述了哈克 贝利费恩再其永恒的童年时代充满诗情画意的旅行,还有汤姆索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在的探险故事。的确,这位最受美国人喜爱的作家完全像人们想象的那样富有冒险精神、爱国、浪漫和幽默。但我同样发现马克吐温的另一面——一个由于饱受了人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克吐温,一个位人类的弱点所困惑而忧心忡忡、清楚地看到前途一片黑暗的马克吐温。
Tramp printer ,river pilot, Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer.He adopt his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days,signaling two fathoms(12feet)of water—a navigable depth.His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print,and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、南部联邦游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐观派、言辞刻薄的讽刺家——马克吐温原名叫塞缪尔 朗格合恩 克勒孟斯,他用一生中超过三分之一的时间游历于美国各地,亲身体验美国的新生活,然后便以作家和演讲家的身份与全世界一同分享他的感受。他的笔名来自他在汽船上做工时听到的水手们测量水深时的喊声,意思是“水深两浔(12英尺)—即可以通航的信号语。在他的作品中,由二十多部至今仍在印刷发行,在世界各地其译本也被广泛阅读,这足以证明他受欢迎的程度。
The geographic core in Twain’s early years, was the great valley of the Mississippi River, main artery of transportation in the young nation’s heart.Keelboats, flatboats, and large rafts carried the first major commerce.Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved downstream to the delta country, sugar, molasses, cotton, and whiskey traveled north.In the 1850’s, before the climax of westward expansion, the vast-basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States.马克吐温青年时,美国的地理中心是密西西比河流域,而对于这个新兴国家来说,密西西比河就是其交通大动脉。运货船、平底船和大木筏运载着最初的主要商品。木材、玉米、烟草、小麦和皮毛制品顺流而下,被运送到该流域的三角洲地区,砂糖、糖蜜、棉花和威士忌酒则被输送到北方地区。19世纪50年代,在西部运动高潮到来之前,辽阔的密西西比河流域占当时美国已居住领土面积的四分之三。
Mark Twain's own Declaration of Independence came from another character.Six chapters into Tom Sawyer,he drags in“the juvenile pariah of the village,Hucklebeery Finn, son of the town drunkard.”Fleeing a respectable life with the puritanical Widow Douglas,Huck protests to his friend,Tom Sawyer:“I've tried it,and it don't work,Tom.It ain't for me...The widder eats by a bell;she goes to bed by a bell;she gits up by a bell —everything's so awful reg'lar a body can't stand it.” 马克吐温本人的独立宣言表现在另一个人物形象上。从《汤姆•索亚历险记》第六章起,他引入了“村里的一个流浪儿,镇上酒鬼的儿子哈克贝利•费恩”。由于不习惯在清教徒道格拉斯寡妇家的体面生活,哈克逃了出来,他向他的朋友汤姆抱怨到:“我试过了,但还是不行了;真难受啊,汤姆。我真不适合过这种日子„„那寡妇要听钟声吃饭,听钟声睡觉,连起床也要听钟声—一句话,什么事都规规矩矩的,真叫人受不了。”
Nine years after Tom Sawyer sweptthe nation,Huck was given a life of his own ,in a book often considerd the best ever written about Americans.His raft flight downtheMississippi with a runaway slave presents a moving panoranla for exploration of American Society.《汤姆•索亚历险记》风靡美国九年后,马克吐温在一部被公认为描写美国人的最为成功的作品里赋予了哈克独立的生命。哈克同一个逃亡的奴隶乘着木筏沿着密西西比河顺流而下,他们的航程。生动地展示了一幅美国社会生活的全貌。
第二篇:丘吉尔演讲
今晚,我要借此机会向大家发表演说,因为我们已经来到了战争的关键时刻。
今天凌晨4时,希特勒已进攻并入侵俄国。既没有宣战,也没有最后通牒,但德国炸弹却突然在俄国城市上空象雨点般地落下,德国军队大举侵犯俄国边界。一小时后,德国大使拜见俄国外交部长,称两国已处于战争状态。但正是这位大使,昨夜却喋喋不休地向俄国人保证,德国是朋友,而且几乎是盟友。
希特勒是个十恶不赦、杀人如麻、欲望难填的魔鬼,而纳粹制度除了贪得无厌和种族统治外,别无主旨和原则。它横暴凶悍,野蛮侵略,为人类一切形式的卑劣行径所不及。
它的残酷行为和凶暴侵略所造成的恶果超过了各式各样的人类罪行。在过去二十五年中,没有一个人像我这样始终一贯地反对共产主义。我并不想收回我说过的话。但是,这一切,在正在我们眼前展现的情景对照之下,都已黯然失色了。过去的一切,连同它的罪恶,它的愚蠢和悲剧,都一闪而逝了。我看见俄国士兵站在祖国的大门口,守卫着他们的祖先自远古以来劳作的土地。我看见他们守卫着自己的家园,他们的母亲和妻子在祈祷——呵,是的,有时人人都要祈祷,祝愿亲人平安,祝愿他们的赡养者、战斗者和保护者回归。
我看到俄国上万的村庄,那里穿衣吃饭都依靠土地,生活虽然十分艰辛,那儿依然有着人类的基本乐趣,少女在欢笑,儿童在玩耍。我看见纳粹的战争机器向他们碾压过去,穷凶极恶地展开了屠杀。我看见全副戎装,佩剑、马刀和鞋钉叮当作响的普鲁士军官,以及刚刚威吓、压制过十多个国家的、好诈无比的特工高手。我还看见大批愚笨迟钝,受过训练,唯命是从,凶残暴忍的德国士兵,象一大群爬行的蝗虫正在蹒跚行进。我看见德国轰炸机和战斗机在天空盘旋,它们依然因英国人的多次鞭挞而心有余悸,却在为找到一个自以为唾手可得的猎物而得意忘形。在这番嚣张气焰的背后,在这场突然袭击的背后,我看到了那一小撮策划、组织并向人类发动这场恐怖战争的恶棍。
于是,我的思绪回到了若干年前。那时,俄国军队是我们抗击同一不共戴天的敌人的盟军,他们坚韧不拔,英勇善战,帮助我们赢得了胜利,但后来,他们却完全同这一切隔绝开了——虽然这并非我们的过错。
我亲身经历了所有这一切,如果我直抒胸臆,感怀旧事,你们是会原谅我的。但现在我必须宣布国王陛下政府的决定,我确信伟大的自治领地在适当时候会一致同意这项决定。然而我们必须现在,必须立即宣布这项决定,一天也不能耽搁。我必须发表这项声明,我相信,你们绝不会怀疑我们将要采取的政策。
我们只有一个目标,一个唯一的、不可变更的目标。我们决心要消灭希特勒,肃清纳粹制度的一切痕迹。什么也不能使我们改变这个决心。什么也不能!我们决不谈判;我们决不同希特勒或他的任何党羽进行谈判。我们将在陆地上同他作战;我们将在海洋上同他作战;我们将在天空中同他作战,直至借上帝之力,在地球上肃清他的阴影,并把地球上的人民从他的枷锁下解放出来。
任何一个同纳粹主义作斗争的人或国家,都将得到我们的援助。任何一个与希特勒同流合污的人或国家,都是我们的敌人。这一点不仅适用于国家,而且适用于所有那些卑劣的、吉斯林之流的代表人物,他们充当了纳粹制度的工具和代理人,反对自己的同胞,反对自己的故土。这些吉斯林们,就象纳粹头目自身一样,如果没有被自己的同胞干掉(干掉就会省下很多麻烦),就将在胜利的翌日被我们送交同盟国法庭审判。这就是我们的政策,这就是我们的声明。
因此,我们将尽力给俄国和俄国人民提供一切援助。我们将呼吁世界各地的朋友和盟友采取同样的方针,并且同我们一样,忠诚不渝地推行到底。
我们已经向苏俄政府提供了力所能及的,可能对他们有用的技术援助和经济援助。我们将日以继夜地、越来越大规模地轰炸德国,月复一月地向它大量投掷炸弹,使它每一个月都尝到并吞下比它倾洒给人类的更加深重的苦难。
值得指出的是,仅仅在昨天,皇家空军曾深入法国腹地,以极小损失击落了28架侵犯、玷污并扬言要控制法兰西领空的德国战斗机。
然而,这仅仅是一个开端。从现在起,我国空军的扩充将加速进行。在今后6个月,我们从美国那儿得到的援助,包括各种战争物资,尤其是重型轰炸机,将开始展示出重要意义。这不是阶级战争。这是一场整个大英帝国和英联邦,不分种族,不分信仰,不分党派,全都投入进去的战争。
希特勒侵略俄国仅仅是蓄谋侵略不列颠诸岛的前奏。毫无疑问,他指望在冬季到来之前结束这一切,并在美国海军和空军进行干涉之前击溃英国。他指望更大规模地重演故伎,各个击破。他一直是凭借这种伎俩得逞的。那时,他就可以为最后行动清除障碍了,也就是说,他就要迫使西半球屈服于他的意志和他的制度了,而如果做不到这一点,他的一切征服都将落空。
因此,俄国的危险就是我国的危险,就是美国的危险;俄国人民为保卫家园而战的事业就是世界各地自由人民和自由民族的事业。
让我们从如此残酷的经验中吸取教训吧!在这生命尚存,力量还在之际,让我们加倍努力,团结一心打击敌人吧!
第三篇:高级英语丘吉尔
Exercises for Unit 5
Class __________ No._________ Name ________________
Ⅰ.Multiple-choice 1.He said that everyone should turn their backs _____ a craving for fame and prestige.A.for B.down C.up D.on 2.Hitler was however wrong and we should ______ to help Russia.A.make all out B.make out all C.go all out D.go out all 3.In June 1941 Hitler suddenly ______ an attack on Russia.A.launched B.exerted C.developed D.created 4.I see the Russian soldiers standing on the ________ of their native land, guarding the fields.A.threshold B.frontiers C.entrance D.gate 5.The subjugation of the western Hemisphere______ his will… A.to B.in C.according to D.against 6.When I awoke on the morning of Sunday, the news was brought ______ me ______Hitler’s invasion of Russia.A.for…of B.to…on C.to… of D.for… on 7.Hitler was wrong and we should ______ to help Russia.A.go out all B.go all out C.make out all D.make all out 8.Winant said the same would be true ______the U.S.A.A.with B.of C.for D.to 9.The Nazi regime is devoid ______ all theme and principle except appetite and racial domination.A.of B.away C.from D.for 10.We shall ______ all our friends and allies in every part of the world to take the same course and pursue it.A.appeal to B.appeal for C.appeal with D.appeal of 11.This is no time to moralize ______ the follies of countries which have allowed themselves to be struck down one by one.A.to
B.on C.by D.in 12.In June 1941 Hitler suddenly launched an attack ______ Russia.A.for
B.to C.on D.against
II.Proof-reading 1.I suppose they will be rounded out in hordes.2.We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him on the air.3.The Iraqis are counting in enlisting the support of the world.4.On the contrary, we shall be fortified and encouraged in our efforts to rescue mankind of his tyranny.5.If you do not commit the crime, you don’t have to go all out to concealing the evidence.III.Please identify the figures of speech used in the following sentences.1.After the failure of his last novel his reputation stands on slippery grounds.______ 2.I see also the Hun soldiery plodding on like a swarm of crawling locusts.______ 3.Let us learn the lesson already taught by such cruel experience.__________ 4.But can you doubt what our policy will be? _____________ 5.We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until,...______________ 6.We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose.__________ 7.…with its clanking, heel-clicking, dandified Prussian officers…__________
IV.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the following words or expressions in its proper form.Each word or expression is to be used only once.be true of, count on, devoid of, fresh from, in due course,issue,round up, thereby, to that effect
1.The great___________________ today is whether there will be war or peace.2.The sheepdog____________________ the sheep and drove them through the gate.3.Our team is ________________________ you to win the match, Joe.4.As _____________________ “due to”, “prior to” can never begin a sentence.5.He finished first in the race, _________ winning the championship for his school.6.She called him a villain or words_________________________.7.Sound waves can not travel through a space_____________________ air.8.These are eggs______________________ the hen, not preserved ones.9.I will answer all your questions______________________.V.Translation 1.Chinese to English Translation.1)他真是个好人,经常在我妈妈面前说我的好话。(reference)
2)过去的一切——我们曾经的承诺,曾有过的快乐,都烟消云散了。(flash)
3)我记不得他是怎么说的,但我肯定他讲话的大意是那样的。(effect)
第四篇:丘吉尔二战演讲
丘吉尔二战演讲
1940年,从伦敦白厅的地下深处,在那些被称为内阁战时用房的建筑群里,温斯顿 丘吉尔拯救了英国,丘吉尔二战演讲。这个神秘的地下室变成了战时的神经中枢。丘吉尔甚至偶尔会在这里过夜。60号房间,这个政治掩体里,他向全国发表了他历史性的演讲,这些演讲给了人民无比的勇气和信心以赢得战争的胜利。
有时我想象:1940年,那时还是十几岁女孩的妈妈和她的兄弟姐妹们围坐在家里的收音机前,急切地聆听着丘吉尔的演讲。对英国人来说那时一段非常艰难的日子:顿刻尔克大撤退后,希特勒已经占领了西欧的大部分地区,而我们孤军作战以抵抗纳粹。在巨大的恐惧和不安中人民等待着他的声音,对他所讲的每个字如饥似渴。
而他们听到的,是历史上最伟大的演讲:这些演讲甚至在我今天阅读它们的时候,也让我内心充满面对人生任何困难永不放弃的决心。丘吉尔在其政治家的外表之下更像一位诗人。他凭借其卓越的文字功力成就了一篇篇让人难忘的演讲,无形中培养了听众难以置信的坚毅品质。这些特别的演讲超越了政治内容而成为文学典范,今天读来确实像诗歌一般:
“虽然欧洲的大部分土地和许多著名的古国已经或可能陷入了盖世太保以及所有可憎的纳粹统治机构的魔瓜,但我们绝不气馁、绝不言败。
我们将战斗到底。我们将在法国作战,我们将在海洋中作战,我们将以越来越大的信心和越来越强的力量在空中作战,我们将不惜一切代价保卫本土,我们将在海滩作战,我们将在敌人的登陆点作战,我们将在田野和街头作战,我们将在山区作战。
我们绝不投降。”
这些演讲将无可阻挡的韵律和反复使用的语句连在一起,让人想起莎士比亚的那种皇家气势。这些非同寻常的文字能量改变了这个国家。它让每个听演讲的人内心充满信息和坚定的信仰,让我们这个小岛经受住不幸。这些演讲进入了英国人的灵魂深处,唤起了潜伏在每个英国人内心的狮性。
它们是我母亲不屈不饶精神特质的源泉,这些特质在她晚年显露得尤其明显。我至今难忘那个圣诞:高龄79岁的她从楼梯顶一直摔到楼底。虽遍体鳞伤,她不仅活过来,而且在圣诞早上,她竟然打扮一新,打定主意这样重要的日子不能被打乱。我知道这种惊人的坚韧是在二战中塑造起来的,伴随着他们那一代人,成型于丘吉尔无以伦比的演讲。
当然这不是丘吉尔第一次运用他的文学才华以达到惊人的效果。他青年时曾做过记者,也曾作为战地记者随英军在印度和苏丹作战。作为记者,他曾在南非被捕,丘吉尔关于布尔战争的报道第一次引起公众注意。他成为多产的历史题材作家,他的著作包括写于1899年的《河上战争》,那是他还是名战士,此书描写了在苏丹的战役。
丘吉尔作为首相的任命竟意外地成全了他最重要、最有成就的文学成果。经历了跌宕起伏的议会生涯,丘吉尔也因提出有争议的政见而树敌颇多,但他突出走出阴影,成为了担当时代重任的那个人。丘吉尔在写作与发表演讲方面的天赋也在不久就显露出来,他作为一名伟大的演说家的声誉开始建立起来。
丘吉尔许多伟大的演讲都具有散文诗的品质以及充满了激励、鼓舞英国大众面对危难的语言。他第一次对公众广播是在1940年5月19日, 这次演讲包括下面的文字:
“ 在我们身后------聚集着破碎的国家和被奴役的民族-----对于所有人来说,野蛮的长漫漫长夜将要降临,即使有希望之星出现,这长夜也无法打破,除非我们战而胜之,我们必须战而胜之,我们定能战而胜之。”
我们看到诗歌技巧已成为丘吉尔伟大演讲的鲜明特征。这段演讲并非政治家常用的演讲套路,而是采用了丰富的想象力,并通过反复使用“征服”一词睿智地创造出富有节奏感的强大共鸣,演讲稿《丘吉尔二战演讲》。它传达了绝对明确的信念:我们将驱除暴-政,还自由于欧洲。
从还是个小男孩时,这场战争就令我着迷,我热衷于听我的父母一口气讲述他们的战争故事:我们如何赢得不列颠之战对我来说始终还是个谜。1940年7月14日,那场伟大空战的前夜,BBC向全国播出了丘吉尔名为“战争中的无名勇士”的演讲,其中包含了这样美妙的句子:当我们满怀敬畏站在未及展开的人类命运画卷前,信仰给了我们帮助与安慰。
这次演讲所创造出的抒情般的想象,渐渐唤起了英国人的英雄情结,叩击着我们民族认同的核心价值。这些话让人联想到莎士比亚,是他锻造了这份认同感并传达出了英国人的骄傲:绝不允许我们国家被外来列强所征服。丘吉尔通过这些文字传达出莎士比亚的精神:现在,我们必须独担危难,面对纳粹暴-政与敌意可能带来的最坏后果-----在这里,我们的海域由海军严密防守;我们的领空由空军英勇捍卫----我们满怀信心等待即将到来的袭击。”
亨利五世曾喃喃自语这些话的有趣场景被改编进由劳伦斯 奥利弗在战时主演的电影,极大地提升了民族的士气。
“向前冲,亲爱的朋友,向前;或者就拿咱们英国人的尸体去堵住这座城墙”
丘吉尔的演讲唤起了英国人的集体潜意识。这些演讲重新唤醒了莎士比亚,几世纪前他就将民族魂深深融入人心,那些不朽的语句从理查德二世嘴里脱口而出:
“这一个镶嵌在银色的海水之中的宝石,这被护佑的地方、地球、领土和英格兰。”
但直到我成人后,研究了1940年的历史现实,我意识到我们的失败是不可避免的。当时唯一明智的行动是向希特勒投降或者达成一项和平协议。但我父母从没有这样谈起那场战争。我记得曾问过母亲:是什么让他们坚信我们必胜?她的回答非常简单:丘吉尔的演讲。他的话让这个国家的每个人坚信:胜利终将属于我们。
1940年8月英国到了生死存亡的关头:在这历史的危急时刻,德军对英国南部机场实施了毁灭性攻击,英国空军顽强抵抗,最关键的战争还在持续。丘吉尔在8月20日做了另一个重要演讲,其中包含了最广为人知的那句名言,他赞扬英国皇家空军的飞行员,其中丘吉尔对“少数”的表达震撼人心:
“在人类战争历史上,从来没有一次像这样,有如此之少的人,为如此之多的人,作出如此巨大的牺牲。”
寥寥数语就把人们无法言表的情绪表达出来。
1940年9月1号,希特勒改变战略,妄图以对伦敦的狂轰乱炸来摧毁英国人民的意志。伦敦人在丘吉尔演讲的激励下,毫不畏惧地平静地继续着他们每天的生活。当我还是孩子时,我父母讲述的伦敦人在那个非常时期的惊人勇敢的故事深深吸引住了我。他们的勇气是我整个生命中的灵感源泉。
丘吉尔在1941年2月那篇名为《给我们武器》的演讲中盛赞了伦敦人,他动容地讲到伦敦人的顽强抵抗如何使得希特勒的诡计化为泡影。这篇长篇演讲在情绪表达和文学价值上如此丰富多彩,值得每个学习英语的学生去仔细品味。演讲中还包含了这些优美段落:丘吉尔向英联邦国家给予祖国的支持表示感谢以及对希望人墨英勇翻看索里尼的军队的敬意。
在演讲的结束部分,丘吉尔对罗斯福总统的支持给予了激动人心的回应:
“我们不能退缩或失败;我们不能变虚弱或疲惫……无论战争的突然打击还是长久的警惕与努力的考验都不能让我们失去信心。给我们武器,我们就能完成这项任务。”
丘吉尔继续着他的不巧演说直到希特勒被打败,欧洲重获自由。战争结束后,他开始找手写有关第二次世界大战的长卷。这6部长卷为他赢得了1953年的诺贝尔奖。他的获奖不仅是对他文学成就的肯定,更重要是对他以伟大的演说激励人民走向胜利的高度认可。
丘吉尔的演讲,毫不夸张地说,拯救了世界。赢得战争靠的不仅子弹和炸弹,关键是信仰。这信仰是丘吉尔那些动人心魄的演讲灌输给每个英国达人这是赢得了信仰的一个丘吉尔的诗歌在每一个人灌输的信仰。它证明了文字的力量可以影响整个国家并最终赢得胜利。
语言的力量有时比武器更强大。
第五篇:丘吉尔二战演讲
丘吉尔在二战初期危难之际就任首相后首次在国会发表的演说
9月1日早晨,战争爆发后的数小时,张伯伦邀请丘吉尔加入战时内阁。9月3日,丘吉尔被重新任命为海军大臣。由于战事进展不顺利,下院议员们在1940年5月对张伯伦政府提出不信任动议案,于是张伯伦只得向国王提出辞呈,并建议由丘吉尔组阁。5月10日下午6时,国王召见丘吉尔,令其组阁;一小时后丘吉尔会见工党领袖艾德礼,邀请工党加入内阁并获得支持。3天后丘吉尔首次以首相身份出席下议院会议,发表了著名的讲话:“我没有别的,只有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水献给大家……你们问:我们的目的是什么?我可以用一个词来答复:胜利,不惜一切代价的胜利,无论多么恐怖也要争取胜利,无论道路多么遥远艰难,也要争取胜利,因为没有胜利就无法生存。” 下议院最终以381票对0票的绝对优势表明了对丘吉尔政府的支持。
Blood, Sweat and Tears热血,汗水和眼泪
On Friday evening last I received His Majesty's
commission to form a new Administration.It was the evident
wish and will of Parliament and the nation that this should be
conceived on the broadest possible basis and that it should
include all parties, both those who supported the late
Government and also the parties of the Opposition.I have
completed the most important part of this task.A War
Cabinet has been formed of five Members, representing, with
the Opposition Liberals, the unity of the nation.The three
party Leaders have agreed to serve, either in the War Cabinet
or in high executive office.The three Fighting Services have
been filled.It was necessary that this should be done in one
single day, on account of the extreme urgency and rigorous
of events.A number of other positions, key positions, were
filled yesterday, and I am submitting a further list to His
Majesty to-night.I hope to complete the appointment of the
principal Ministers during to-morrow.the appointment of the
other Ministers usually takes a little longer, but I trust that,when Parliament meets again, this part of my task will be
completed, and that the administration will be complete in all
respects.I considered it in the public interest to suggest that the
House should be summoned to meet today.Mr.Speaker
agreed, and took the necessary steps, in accordance with the
powers conferred upon him by the Resolution of the House.At the end of the proceedings today, the Adjournment of the
House will be proposed until Tuesday, 21st May, with, of
course, provision for earlier meeting, if need be.The business
to be considered during that week will be notified to
上星期五晚上,我奉陛下之命,组织新的一届政府。按国会和国民的意愿,新政府显然应该考虑建立在尽可能广泛的基础上,应该兼容所有的党派。我已经完成了这项任务的最主要的部分。战时内阁已由五人组成,包括工党、反对党和自由党,这体现了举国团结一致。由于事态的极端紧急和严峻,新阁政府须于一天之内组成,其他的关键岗位也于昨日安排就绪。今晚还要向国王呈报一份名单。我希望明天就能完成几位主要大臣的任命。其余大臣们的任命照例得晚一些。我相信,在国会下一次召开时,任命将告完成,臻于完善。为公众利益着想,我建议议长今天就召开国会。今天的议程结束时,建议休会到5月21日,并准备在必要时提前开会。有关事项当会及早通知各位议员。现在我请求国会作出决议,批准我所采取的各项步骤,启示记录在案,并且声明信任新政府。决议如下:“本
Members at the earliest opportunity.I now invite the House, by the Motion which stands in my name, to record its approval of the steps taken and to declare its confidence in the new Government.To form an Administration of this scale and complexity is a serious undertaking in itself, but it must be remembered that we are in the preliminary stage of one of the greatest battles in history, that we are in action at many other points in Norway and in Holland, that we have to be prepared in the Mediterranean, that the air battle is continuous and that many preparations, such as have been indicated by my hon.Friend below the Gangway, have to be made here at home.In this crisis I hope I may be pardoned if I do not address the House at any length today.I hope that any of my friends and colleagues, or former colleagues, who are affected by the political reconstruction, will make allowance, all allowance, for any lack of ceremony with which it has been necessary to act.I would say to the House, as I said to those who have joined this government: ”I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat.“
We have before us an ordeal of the most grievous kind.We have before us many, many long months of struggle and of suffering.You ask, what is our policy? I can say: It is to wage war, by sea, land and air, with all our might and with all the strength that God can give us;to wage war against a monstrous tyranny, never surpassed in the dark, lamentable catalogue of human crime.That is our policy.You ask, what is our aim? I can answer in one word: It is victory, victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be;for without victory, there is no survival.Let that be realized;no survival for the British Empire, no survival for all that the British Empire has stood for, no survival for the urge and impulse of the ages, that mankind will move forward towards its goal.But I take up my task with buoyancy and hope.I feel sure that our cause will not be suffered to fail among men.At this time I feel entitled to claim the aid of all, and I say, ”come then, let us go forward together with our united strength.“
国会欢迎新政府的组成,她体现了举国一致的坚定不移的决心:对德作战,直到最后胜利。” 组织如此规模和如此复杂的政府原本是一项重大的任务。但是我们正处于历史上罕见的一场大战的初始阶段。我们在其他许多地点作战--在挪威,在荷兰,我们还必须在地中海做好准备。空战正在继续,而且在本土也必须做好许多准备工作。值此危急关头,我想,即使我今天向国会的报告过于简略,也当能见谅。我还希望所有在这次改组中受到影响的朋友、同僚和旧日的同僚们对必要的礼仪方面的任何不周之处能毫不介意。我向国会表明,一如我向入阁的大臣们所表明的,我所能奉献的唯有热血、辛劳、眼泪和汗水。我们所面临的将是一场极其严酷的考验,将是旷日持久的斗争和苦难。若问我们的政策是什么?我的回答是:在陆上、海上、空中作战。尽我们的全力,尽上帝赋予我们的全部力量去作战,对人类黑暗、可悲的罪恶史上空前凶残的暴政作战。这就是我们的政策。若问我们的目标是什么?我可以用一个词来回答,那就是胜利。不惜一切代价,去夺取胜利--不惧一切恐怖,去夺取胜利--不论前路如何漫长、如何艰苦,去夺取胜利。因为没有胜利就不能生存。我们务必认识到:没有胜利就不复有大英帝国,没有胜利就不复有大英帝国所象征的一切,没有胜利就不复有多少世纪以来的强烈要求和冲动:人类应当向自己的目标迈进。我精神振奋、满怀信心地承担起我的任务。我确信,大家联合起来,我们的事业就不会遭到挫败。在此时此刻的危急关头,我觉得我有权要求各方面的支持。我要说:“来吧,让我们群策群力,并肩前进!”