装配报告摘要及英文

第一篇：装配报告摘要及英文

来电显示电话机和对讲机的装配调试

杨粉粉

（陕西理工学院物理与电信工程学院通信1103班，陕西 汉中

723000）

指导教师：陈正涛

[摘 要] 来电显示电话机与普通电话机相比多了个来电显示功能。来电显示电话机可以显示来电号码。来电显示电话机也是通过电信号双向传输话音的设备，不论是民用是军用都有着无可替代的作用，对经济发展更是起到了不小的推动作用。对讲机是我们生活当中应用最为广泛的电器之一，它具有体积小，携带方便，实时性，互动交流性比较强的优点。通过焊接，组装，调试以后，对讲机可以实现收台以及在相同频率上与其它对讲机进行通信。

[关 键 词] 来电显示电话 对讲机 装配调试

[中图分类号]

TN858

[文献标志码] A Assembly of telephone caller ID and walkie talkie

Yang Fenfen(Grade11,Class3,Major of Communication Engineering，School of Physics and telecommunication Engineering of Shanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723000,China)

Tutor:Chen Zhengtao [Abstract] Compared with common phone the call display telephone has the function of call displaying.The call display telephone can display the incoming call number on its screen.The call display telephone is a voice transmitting equipment which transmit signals in two-way, and it played a considerable role in economic development, has irreplaceable function whether in civil or in military.The walkie-talkie is one of the most widely used devices in our life.It has the advantages of small in volume, easy to carry, and it can communicate real-time.After being welded, assembled, debugged, the walkie-talkies can accept signals from the transmitting tower and they can also communicate with each other on the same frequency.[Key words]

call display telephone walkie–talkie

assembly

debugging

第二篇：英文论文题目及摘要、报告写作

英文论文题目及摘要写作

英文题名和英文摘要是学术类和技术类科技期刊论文的重要组成部分,是国际间传播、学术交流与合作的桥梁和媒介,有其特殊的意义和作用。好的英文题名和英文摘要对于增加期刊和论文的被检索和引用机会、吸引读者、扩大影响起着不可忽视的作用。为了帮助读者撰写论文英文题名和英文摘要,本文总结了英文题名和英文摘要的基本要求及注意事项,以给读者提供参考和指导。

一、论文题名

1.英文题名撰写的基本要求

题名应简明、具体、确切,能概括文章的主旨,符合编制题录、索引和检索的有关原则并有助于选择关键词和分类号。中文题名一般不超过20个汉字,必要时可加副题名。题名中应避免使用非公知公用的缩略语、字符、代号以及结构式和公式。英文题名的首字母及各个实词的首字母应大写。

2.英文题名撰写的注意事项

除了以上基本要求,我们在写英文题名时还应注意以下几个问题。

(1)英文题名的结构。英文题名以短语为主要形式,尤以名词短语最常见,即题名基本由一个或几个名词加上其前置和(或)后置定语构成。短语型题名要确定好中心词,再进行前后修饰,要注意采用正确的单词顺序,形容词应与其所修饰的名词紧密相邻。

(2)英文题名中的冠词有简化的趋势,凡可用可不用的冠词均可不用。英文题名开头第一个字不得用the, and, an和a。

(3)英文题名中的大小写有以下3种格式:全部字母大写;每个词的首字母大写,但3个或4个字母以下的冠词、连词、介词全部小写;题名第一个词的首字母大写,其余均小写。

4)中英文题名的一致性。同一篇论文,其英文题名与中文题名内容上应一致,但不等于说词语要一一对应。在许多情况下,个别非实质性的词可以省略或变动。

总之,题名的用词十分重要,它直接关系到读者对文章的取舍态度,务必字字斟酌。

二、论文摘要

1.摘要的定义

摘要又称概要、内容提要。摘要是论文主体的高度浓缩,它应该能提炼论文的主要观点,简明地描述论文的内容和范围,简短地进行概括和总结。摘要能让读者尽快了解论文的主要内容,以补充题名的不足,并为科技情报文献检索数据库的建设和维护提供方便。

2.摘要撰写的基本要求和注意事项

(1)不得简单重复题名中已有的信息,切忌把引言中出现的内容写入摘要,不要照搬论文正文中的小标题或论文结论部分的文字,也不要对论文内容作诠释和评价。

(2)尽量采用文字叙述,不要将文中的数据罗列在摘要中;文字要简洁,应排除本学科领域已成为常识的内容,应删除无意义的或不必要的字眼;内容不宜展开论证说明,不要列举例证,不介绍研究过程。

(3)摘要的内容必须完整,不能把论文中所阐述的主要内容、观点遗漏,应写成一篇可以独立使用的短文。

(4)摘要一般不分段,切忌条列式书写法。陈述要客观,对研究过程、方法和成果等不宜做主观评价,也不宜与别人的研究作对比说明。

(5)用第三人称。建议采用“对……进行了研究”、“报告了……现状”、“进行了……调查”等记述方式标明文献的性质和文献主题,不必使用“本文”、“作者”等作为主语。

(6)要使用规范化的名词术语,不用非公知公用的符号和术语。一般不用数学公式和化学结构式,不出现插图、表格。

3.英文摘要撰写的注意事项

原则上,以上中文摘要编写的注意事项都适用于英文摘要,但英语有其自己的表达方式、语言习惯,在撰写英文摘要时应特别注意。

(1)英文摘要的时态。英文摘要时态的运用也以简练为佳,常用一般现在时、一般过去时,少用现在完成时、过去完成时,进行时态和其他复合时态基本不用。

(2)英文摘要的语态。一篇摘要很短,尽量不要随便混合使用语态,更不要在一个句子里混用。现在主张摘要中谓语动词尽量采用主动语态的越来越多,因其有助于文字清晰、简洁及表达有力。

(3)英文摘要的人称。原来摘要的首句多用第三人称this paper...等开头,现在倾向于用原形动词开头,如: to describe..., to investigate..., to study...等,行文时最好不用第一人称,以方便文摘刊物的编辑刊用。

4.英文摘要的常用句式

(1)回顾研究背景,常用的词汇有review, summarize, present, outline, describe等。

(2)阐明写作或研究目的,常用的词汇有purpose, attempt, aim等。此外,还可以用动词不定式充当目的状语来表达。

(3)介绍论文的重点内容或研究范围,常用的词汇有study, present, include, focus, emphasize, emphasis, attention等。

(4)介绍研究或试验过程,常用的词汇有test, study, investigate, examine, experiment, discuss, consider, analyze, analysis等。

(5)说明研究或试验方法,常用的词汇有measure, estimate, calculate等。(6)展示研究成果,常用的词汇有show, result, present等。(7)介绍结论,常用的词汇有summary, introduce, conclude等。

(8)陈述论文的论点和作者的观点,常用的词汇有suggest, report, present, explain, expect, describe等。(9)阐明论证,常用的词汇有support, provide, indicate, identify, find, demonstrate, confirm, clarify等。(10)推荐和建议,常用的词汇有suggest, suggestion, recommend, recommendation, propose, necessity, necessary, expect等。

总之,在撰写英文题名和英文摘要时要做到准确、简洁、清楚,以便引起读者注意。除了解英文题名和英文摘要的基本要求和注意事项外,还需熟悉本行业术语的英文表达,扩大英语词汇量,掌握基本的英语语法规则,多看英文文献,提高英文写作及表达能力。

写作攻略

摘要是对原始文献（或文章）的基本内容进行浓缩并写成语义连贯的短文。它以迅速掌握原文内容梗概为目的，不需加入任何主观评论和解释，但必须简明、确切地表述原文的重要内容。摘要写作要求简明扼要，用词准确。摘要题型写作是难度非常大的一种写作形式。随着考生英语水平的不断提高，这种题型引起考生的普遍重视。写作摘要时应该注意以下几点：

（1）动笔之前，考生一定要认真仔细地阅读所给原文，力求抓住其大意，掌握原文要点。如果一遍不能明白，可以多读几次，读的次数越多越容易明白文章大意。

（2）摘要的长度不应超过原文的三分之一，一般是原文的四分之一或五分之一，考试时应遵守规定 2 的字数限制。

（3）在做摘要时考生切忌照搬原文，应该用自己的语言来写。一篇摘要应该是语言的再创造，而不是原文词语的简单堆砌。

（4）摘要应与原文的观点保持一致，为了使摘要条理清晰，无特殊情况应按原文的逻辑顺序排列。

（5）摘要要做到内容完整，没有大的遗漏，使读者无需查看原文就能够获得原文的主要内容。应重点反映主要观点，删除细节。

（6）削除例子，简化描述。用简短的语句代替冗长的语句。

（7）检查与修改时，考生应重点检查是否遗漏了原文的要点或包含了细节。

另外，写摘要时应该使用简单的衔接词，如but, then, thus, yet, for等等，而不能使用at the same time, on the other hand 等。2．必背模版句型

This paper mainly deals with...这篇论文主要是写……

This article focuses on the topics of(that, having, etc)...这篇文章的强调的主题是……

This essay presents knowledge that...这篇短文主要是讲关于……的知识。

This thesis discusses/analyzes...这篇论文讨论/分析了……

This paper provides an overview of...这篇文章综述了……

This article compares...and summarizes key findings.这篇文章比较了……并总结了主要的发现。

This paper presents up-to-date information on...这篇论文介绍了关于……的最新信息。

This article not only describes...but also suggests...这篇文章不仅描述了……而且建议……

This paper provides a method of...这篇为……提供了方法。

This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze...这篇文章介绍一种分析……的可行程序。

This paper is devoted to examining the role of...这篇论文致力于研究……的作用。

This paper reflects the state of the art in...这篇论文展示了……目前的情况。

This article reviews the techniques used in...这篇文章综述了……领域采用的技术。

The writer of this essay tries to explore..本文作者试图探讨……

The aim/purpose/objective of this paper is to determine...本文的目的/目标是为了决定……

摘要写作三步走

一、阅读原文、把握主旨、梳理结构

拿到一篇文章，一定要仔细阅读，抓住其主旨，除此外，我们还要注意文章的承前启后的结构，而这通常体现在原文段落的段首，所以，万学海文英语钻石卡辅导老师们建议广大的2012年的考生们在阅读的时候，一定要注意并且关注位于每段段首的几个句子，同时要注意这些句子之间的语义和逻辑关系，通读文章之后，我们也要注意抓文章的关键词。

二、整合

我们摘录完所需要的关键词和句子后，接下来的工作就是需要对他们进行整合，然后在此基础上形成一篇完整的短文；在摘抄完了关键词和所需要的句子后，需要添加部分关联词语，这样就可以把不同的句子串联起来。最后需要在短文前放上文章的标题，至于文章的标题，在对原文的理解上，需要自己整理。

三、翻译

尽量使用自己熟悉的英语词汇来对应汉语句子中的词，如果对这些词语没有把握，千万不要勉强，万一找不到合适的词汇，可以使用替代词。

最后，特别提示：一定要用自己的语言来写摘要，摘要是一次文字上的再创造，而不是机械重复和简单堆砌，所以，广大的2012年的考生同学们可以试着将原文中需要写出来的材料进行改写：

有3个具体的参考方法：

1.改动原句中的某些成分的程序，比如状语的成分，可以放在句尾，可以用分词来做，也可以做成插入语等。

2.改动原句中一些词汇的词性，比如可以把动词的表达形式改成其相应的名词表达形式。

3.改写同义词，用具有相同意思的词语来表达原文中类似词语的意思。

摘要范文Directions: Study the following essay carefully and write a summary in about 100 words.Student Rights

By Jeff Bakersfield Who knows better than the students themselves what a university should do for them and how they should be treated? Yet how often do students have any say at all in such important issues as faculty selection, curriculum planning, and scheduling? The answer is obvious: never.If university administrations refuse to include student representatives in the decision-making process, something drastic must be done.Let’s examine what is happening right here on our own campus in the areas mentioned above.The first major issue is the selection of faculty members.Never in the history of this college has a student been permitted to interview, examine the credentials of, or even meet prospective professors.All hiring is done by a joint administrative faculty committee, often made up of people who will not even have extensive dealings with the individuals after they begin teaching.Those who have the most at stake and whose lives and academic careers will be governed by the professorsnever even meet the new teachers until the first class meeting.No one is better equipped to evaluate a professor’s ability to communicate with students than those whom he or she intends to teach.Anyone can read curriculum vitae to ascertain the level of professional training and experience someone has had, but the best judges of a teacher’s ability to teach, which is the primary function of any professor, are undoubtedly the students themselves.Students’interest in and commitment to appropriate curricula are even more obvious.We have come to college with very specific purposes in mind: to prepare ourselves intellectually and practically for the future.We know what we need to learn in order to compete successfully with others in our chosen fields.Why should we be kept out of the curriculum planning process? If we pay for the textbooks, spend hours in the library doing research, and burn the midnight oil studying for tests and exams, why are we not permitted to give our opinions about the materials we will spend so many hours studying? It is imperative that our views be made known to curriculum planners.Finally, the area of scheduling is of vital interest to students.The hours at which classes are offered affect the workings of our daily lives.Many of us must juggle work and class schedules, but often administrators ignore such problems when they schedule classes.Schedules must be convenient and flexible so that all students have equal opportunities to take the most popular classes and those which are 4

most essential to their majors.If students helped with scheduling, never would there be two required courses offered at the same time for only one semester per academic year.Never would we have to wait two or three semesters to take a course that is a prerequisite for other desired courses, nor would we have to race across campus in ten minutes to get from one class to the next.Students are vitally concerned with the scheduling area.In the 1960s and early 1970s, students were not too shy or fearful to demonstrate against the injustices they saw in the draft system and the Vietnam conflict.Why should students today be afraid to voice their opinions about the very important issues that affect their very lives? It is imperative that students act to protect their own rights.Fellow university students, I urge that you meet together and draw up demands to be presented to the administration.We must take the future in our own hands, not be led to it like passive sheep.Let us act now so that we will not be sorry later!

Summary

In his essay, Student Rights, Jeff Bakersfield stated that students had the right to be involved in university administrative decisions.Using the current situation on his own college campus as an example, he emphasized that students should be included in decisions regarding selection of faculty, curriculum planning, and scheduling of classes.He pointed out that students not only had more vital interests in the decisions made in these areas than those who traditionally settle the issues, but that they were also better equipped through their experiences as students to make intelligent decisions about them.Bakersfield concluded by stating that it was crucial for students to become actively involved in protesting unilateral administrative decisions and proposed that they meet to discuss their mutual interests and demands.译文

在学生的权利一文中，Jeff Bakersfield强调学生有权利参与学校行政决定的过程。他举了他所在学校作为例子，强调学生应该参与到员工招募、课程设置和课时安排等方面的决定。他指出学生对这些决定比那些做决定的人更感兴趣，另外，让他们做出关系切身利益的决定使他们更能成为好学生。Bakersfield 总结到学生应该主动要求打破原来单边决定模式，学生应该在一起讨论他们共同的兴趣和要求。

报告

1.写作攻略

报告是下级部门就某件事情向上级部门和领导回报工作、反映情况、提出建议等使用的上行公文。就其内容实质来说，可分为信息类报告和分析类报告。信息类报告在日常事务中经常发生，其目的是通报信息和情况，一般要求准确、正确、完整、简明扼要。分析类报告在语言和格式上则更加正式、复杂，其目的在于对某问题或情况进行调查、研究、分析、评估或论证后提出结论，篇幅一般较长。报告的写作主要有以下要求：

（1）写好一份报告，撰写人首先要对所要写的内容有充分的了解。写作时，应尽量多用被动语态，少用第一人称，以免主观、冒昧。

（2）一般英文报告都可采用书信格式。

（3）报告要有明确的中心思想、清楚的段落层次和合理的结构安排。2.必背模版句型

The report is hereby made to ask for the approval of the board for the solution of the problem.请董事会批准这件事的解决方案。

This report will summarize……本报告将总结……

The report provides an introduction to……本报告介绍了…… The operation on…… is under smooth way.……的运行很正常。

This report only provides guidelines they can use to assess their own needs.本报告尽为他们评估自身需求提供一些指导。

May I have your approval of……by the end of this month？月底之前我能得到您就……的批准吗？ We will fulfill the task ahead of time.我们将提前完成任务。

Upon the request of the committee，we have conducted the report.应委员会的请求，我们完成了这份报告。

范例

Directions: You are now preparing for your graduation paper on the advantage and disadvantage of electronic mail;write a progress report to your tutor telling him what you have done last week.Your report should be no less than 100 words.To: Professor Barbara Felton

From: James Green

Date: April 12, 2005

Subject: First progress report on research paper

This is the first of the two progress reports you asked me to submit about my research paper on the advantages and disadvantages of electronic mail.Last week, I gathered information from library materials and from an interview.Of the twelve references listed on my proposal, I found only nine, for others I will go to search in a larger library.As far as interview concerned, I had an extended interview with Mr.Moore of General Dynamics, who gave me some brochures as well as a copy of a report on electronic mail he wrote for General Dynamics-materials I hope to use in my paper.Starting tomorrow, I will begin organizing my paper.I will be able to submit a rough draft by the end of this month.Sincerely yours，James Green

译文

这是您要求我做的有关电子邮件的利与弊论文的两个进展报告中的第一篇。

上周我收集的资料主要来源于图书馆和采访。您建议的12本参考书，我只找到了9本，其他的我准备到大些的图书馆去找。

至于采访，我对研究基础动力学的摩尔先生进行了一次深入的采访。他给了我一些介绍，同时还有一份他写的关于电子邮件的报告，我打算放到我的论文中。

从明天开始，我要开始组织我的论文。在月底应该可以将草稿给您看。

您诚挚的：詹姆士·格林

第三篇：英文摘要

谈谈英文摘要的书写技巧

随着科学技术的发展，为满足对外交流的需要，国家统一规定，公开发表的学术论文应附有英文摘要。

英文摘要的内容要求与中文摘要一样，包括目的、方法、结果和结论四部分。但是，英文有其自身特点，最主要的是中译英时往往造成所占篇幅较长，同样内容的一段文字，若用英文来描述，其占用的版面可能比中文多一倍。因此，撰写英文摘要更应注意简洁明了，力争用最短的篇幅提供最主要的信息。第一，对所掌握的资料进行精心筛选，不属于上述“四部分”的内容不必写入摘要。第二，对属于“四部分”的内容，也应适当取舍，做到简明扼要，不能包罗万象。比如“目的”，在多数标题中就已初步阐明，若无更深一层的目的，摘要完全不必重复叙述；再如“方法”，有些在国外可能早已成为常规的方法，在撰写英文摘要时就可仅写出方法名称，而不必一一描述其操作步骤。

中英文摘要的一致性主要是指内容方面的一致性，目前对这个问题的认识存在两个误区，一是认为两个摘要的内容“差不多就行”，因此在英文摘要中随意删去中文摘要的重点内容，或随意增补中文摘要所未提及的内容，这样很容易造成文摘重心转移，甚至偏离主题；二是认为英文摘要是中文摘要的硬性对译，对中文摘要中的每一个字都不敢遗漏，这往往使英文摘要用词累赘、重复，显得拖沓、冗长。英文摘要应严格、全面的表达中文摘要的内容，不能随意增删，但这并不意味着一个字也不能改动，具体撰写方式应遵循英文语法修辞规则，符合英文专业术语规范，并照顾到英文的表达习惯。

选择适当的时态和语态，是使摘要符合英文语法修辞规则的前提。通常情况下，摘要中谓语动词的时态和语态都不是通篇一律的，而应根据具体内容而有所变化，否则容易造成理解上的混乱。但这种变化又并非无章可循，其中存在着如下一些规律：

1、时态：大体可概括为以下几点。

1）叙述研究过程，多采用一般过去时。

2）在采用一般过去时叙述研究过程当中提及在此过程之前发生的事，宜采用过去完成时。

3）说明某课题现已取得的成果，宜采用现在完成时。

4）摘要开头表示本文所“报告”或“描述”的内容，以及摘要结尾表示作者所“认为”的观点和“建议”的做法时，可采用一般现在时。

2、语态：在多数情况下可采用被动语态。但在某些情况下，特别是表达作者或有关专家的观点时，又常用主动语态，其优点是鲜明有力。

掌握一定的遣词造句技巧的目的是便于简单、准确的表达作者的观点，减少读者的误解。

1、用词力求简单，在表达同样意思时，尽量用短词代替长词，以常用词代替生僻词。但是当描述方法、步骤时，应该用狭义词代替广义词。例如，英文中有不少动词，do,run,get,take等，虽简单常用，但其意义少则十几个，多则几十个，用这类词来描述研究过程，读者难免产生误解，甚至会不知所云，这就要求根据具体情况，选择意义相对明确的词，诸如perform,achieve等，以便于读者理解。

2、造句

1）熟悉英文摘要的常用句型：尽管英文的句型种类繁多，丰富多彩，但摘要的常用句型却很有限，而且形成了一定的规律，大体可归纳为

a）表示研究目的，常用在摘要之首In order to……This paper describes…, …The purpose of this study is……

b）表示研究的对象与方法The [curative effect/sensitivity/function] of certain [drug/kit/organ….] was [observed/detected/studied…]

c）表示研究的结果：[The result showed/It proved/The authors found] that……

d）表示结论、观点或建议：The authors [suggest/conclude/consider] that…

2）尽量采用-ing 分词和-ed 分词作定语，少用关系代词 which , who 等引导的定语从句。由于摘要的时态多采用一般过去时，使用关系代词引导的定语从句不但会使句式变的复杂，而且容易造成时态混乱（因为定语和它所修饰的主语、宾语之间有时存在一定的“时间差”，而过去完成时、过去将来时等往往难以准确判定）。采用-ing 分词和-ed 分词作定语，在简化语句的同时，还可以减少时态判定的失误。

以上所述只是撰写英文摘要时应注意的问题中的一小部分，尚有许多问题，需要进一步探讨。总之，英文摘要作为论文的重要组成部分，其修改和完善是永无止境的。

第四篇：摘要英文

摘要

温度是生产过程中常见和重要的物理参数。在日常生活和工业生产中，人们对温度测量的要求越来越高，主要表现在测量的精度、可靠性、稳定性等方面。温度的测量直接关系到产品的质量、生产效率以及生产安全等重大技术指标。同时，测温系统的成本和便携性也越来越受到人们的关注。传统的温度测量系统中，温度测量环节是由模拟温度传感器加上高性能的运放和A/D转换器构成，然后通过单片机进行控制，因而，所需的外围器件较多，硬件成本开销很大。基于片上可编程系统PSoC因在其芯片内部集成了丰富的模拟和数字模块，使一系列的控制任务大部分都可以在芯片内部完成，而且其可动态编程配置的功能，使其具有很高的灵活性，使得控制方便且生产成本比较低，所以在工业生产控制中得到了广泛的应用。本文设计了一种以Pt1000作为温度传感器，以可编程片上系统PSoC作为核心芯片，采用片内的模拟和数字IP核资源，利用Modbus协议进行上位机通信的温度测量系统。系统拟采用公司自主研发的温度采集器，集成为高密度温度采集系统，是针对高密度、高精度的监控，以及对于存在众多热电阻的场合设计的温度测量系统。

本文首先介绍了课题研究的背景和意义，并分析了当前温度测量技术和可编程片上系统PSoC的研究现状。以可编程片上系统芯片CY8C5868AXI-LP032作为系统核心，设计了硬件电路整体结构，系统分为四个子模块，温度采集模块、放大模块、A/D转换模块、通信模块。选取铂电阻Pt1000作为温度传感器，铂电阻采用三线制接法。温度信号输入电路采用独特的电桥电路测量技术，具有没有引线电阻影响，抗干扰能力强，电桥电路与测量电路完全隔离等优点。电桥电路中输出的模拟电压经过放大后，输入至AD转换器中变为数字信号，再由处理器换算出相应温度，在硬件电路设计中对各部分子电路进行了原理和功能的介绍，其中在对Δ-ΣADC配置时，根据系统要求对其分辨率、采样率进行相关参数配置。在系统硬件设计平台的基础上，使用PSoC Creator2.0集成开发环境进行了系统软件的设计，其中包括温度信号采集、AD值与温度值的转换、温度补偿、Modbus通信协议和信息帧格式等。设计中主要针对的是实际温度值获取、温度误差补偿的设计，其中采用的主要方法是分段线性化和线性标度变换相结合的方

法。为满足PSoC与计算机的通信加入了基于Modbus的通信协议，采用RS485接口标准来完成两者之间的数据发送和接收，在PSoC内部配置了全双工通信UART的各个参数，采用CRC循环冗余的校验方式。最后对系统进行调试，以测试工程的运行情况，首先使用PSoC的专用下载工具PSoC MiniProg对系统进行下载烧写接口调试，通过Visual Basic进行通信测试，然后通过电阻箱模拟铂电阻温度测试。最后对本文的的工作进行了总结，同时对其作出进一步展望。

关键词：温度检测；PSoC；

；通信PT1000 Modbus

Abstract

Temperature is a common and important physical parameter in the production process.In daily life and industrial production, people have become increasingly demanding of temperature measurement, mainly performances in the measurement accuracy, reliability, stability and so on.Temperature measurement is directly related to the major technical indicators such as product quality, production efficiency production safety.In the meanwhile, more and more attention is paid to the cost and portability of the temperature measurement system.In Conventional temperature measuring system, the unit of temperature measurement is composed of analog temperature sensor, a high performance amplifier, A/D converter and controlled by the Single-Chip Microcomputer, Therefore, it not only needs more peripheral device, but also the hardware cost is expensive.PSoC programmable system on a chip have integrated so many analog and digital blocks that plenty of control tasks can be completed in the chip, and the capability of programming configured dynamically make it more flexible, because of controlled easily and relatively low production costs, so it is widely used in industrial production control.This paper designs a temperature measurement system with PSoC programmable system on chip as the core, which use Pt1000 as temperature sensor, make use of the analog and digital IP core resources and communication with the host computer adopting the modbus protocol.The design uses the collector temperature produced by their company, integrated as a measurement collector system of high density.It aims at a high density and high precision monitor, and can be applied to the condition with a number of thermal resistors.First, this paper introduces the background and significance of the research, and analyzes the research status of the temperature measurement technology and the PSoC programmable system on chip.The hardware which uses the programmable system on chip-CY8C5868AXI-LP032 as the core of the system designs of the entire circuit configuration.There are four subsystems, including temperature acquisition module,amplifier module, A/D converter module, communication module.Select the Pt1000 platinum resistance using three-wire connection as temperature sensors.The signal input uses a unique bridge circuit as measurement technology which has its advantages in anti-jamming capability, the impact of lead resistance, the bridge and measuring circuit isolated completely.Analog voltage from the bridge circuit is amplified and converted into digital signal, then acquire corresponding temperature through the processor, and introduce the principle and function of each subsystem in the design of hardware circuit.According to system requirements, Δ-ΣADC is configured the relevant parameters, such as resolution, sampling rate.On the basis of the system hardware design platform, using PSoC Creator2.0 integrated software development environment for the design of the system, including the temperature signal acquisition, AD value and temperature value, temperature compensation, Modbus communication protocol and message frame format.Design is mainly aimed at the actual temperature acquisition, temperature error compensation, the main method of which combines the piecewise and linear scale transformation.To meet the communication with the computer, the communication protocol based on Modbus is joined in PSoC, adapting RS485 interface standards to complete the sending and receiving data between the two, and configuring each parameter of UART of full-duplex communication inside the PSoC, using CRC cyclic redundancy check.Finally, the system is tested to check the operation of the project.Firstly, using the special download tools, PSoC MiniProg to debug the download programming interfaces, visual basic is for communication test, then the resistance box simulate platinum resistance temperature test.Finally, summarizing the work of this paper, at the same time, the further prospects are made.Keywords: Temperature measure;PT1000;PSoC;Modbus communication

第五篇：《双城记》摘要--英文

摘要：

Charles Dickens is one of the most outstanding novelists in the 19th century,and he is the greatest representative of English critical realism ,and he also is a humanist.He is a prolific writer with a lot of works and many his works make a great difference.Most of his works reflect the darkness and cruel of the society under the oppression of the bourgeoisie.He expresses his anger and hated to the noble bourgeoisie and his sympathy to the lower class with the help of his novels.This kind of love and hate exactly give expression to his humanitarianism thoughts.A Tale of Two Cities is one of his masterpieces among his numerous writings with the theme of humanitarianism.Its characters and main plots are under the real background of the French Revolution.It tells a story about how the nobility oppress and exploit people and how the peoplecontend with the feudal aristocracy.In this novel, Dickens successfully created four kinds of sharply different images.The first one is the ideal positive characters.It takes Dr.Manette ,his daughter Lucie Manette and his son-in-law Charles Darnay as representatives.They are righteous,virtuous and humane which are the embodiments of the humanitarianism that Dickens actively advocates.The second one is the self-sacrifice image.It takes Sydney Carton as a representative.He sacrifice his life in order to make Lucie live happily with her husband and her father.He is the embodiment of the humanitarian spirit of altruism.The third type is the revolutionary.It takes Defarge couple as representatives.They suffer oppression and exploitation from the feudal aristocracy and they fight against the feudal aristocracy and aim ta overturning the aristocratic rule.The fourth type is the nobility and bourgeois baddy.It takes marquis Evremonde family as representative.They abuse the privilege and treat people with violence.This intensifies the contradiction between people and the nobility and finally the French Revolution breaks out in time.In A Tale of Two Cities, Dickens uses his sharply words to criticize the cruel of the bourgeoisie and shows his sympathy to the normal people for their miserable sufferings.This paper will focus on analyzing the main characters and researching the humanitarianism in A Tale of Two Cities.After the research,we can have a good knowledge of A Tale of Two Cities and have a better understanding of the French Revolution and the humanitarianism embodies in the novel.Key Words:Charles Dickens；A Tale of Two Cities；character analysis;humanitarianism;