语音短文

第一篇：语音短文

2.Fast Food Fast-food restaurants are very popular because the service is fast and the food is inexpensive.For many people, this is more important than the quality of the food.These restaurants are also popular because the food is always the same.People know that if they eat in a company’s restaurant in the north or south of the city, the food will be same.If they eat in New York or London, it will still be the same.Fast service and low cost are important in the United States.One reason is that about 50 percent of all married women with children work outside the home.They are too busy and too tired to cook dinner every night.3.Slow Food Italians know and love good food.It’s at the heart of their culture.They don’t like to rush through their meals, either.In 1986, something happened in Italy.A McDonald’s opened in Rome.Many Italians were surprised and angry.They thought, “This is an attack on Italian culture!” One man, Carl Petrini, decided to fight back.”Fast food is the enemy,” he said.He started a group called Slow Food.Today, about 80 000 people from over 100 countries belong to the group.It began as a humorous but determined attempt to preserve Italian foods and support small restaurants from pressures of international fast food companies.It has grown into an international movement to preserve local foods and culinary traditions and to conserve agricultural biodiversity.Fast food is reaching more and more parts of the world.But Slow Food is getting its message to more and more people, too.4.The English Dictionary How many words are there in the English dictionary? If you had asked that question in the 1806, the answer would have been 28 000.In 1822, the answer would have been 70 000.Today the question is difficult to answer because there are many kinds of dictionaries.The number of the words depends on how inclusive the dictionary is.For example, there are apparently some one million insects already described, with several million more awaiting description.It is indeed hard to see how even a conservative estimate of English vocabulary could go much below a million words.A complete and exhaustive English dictionary today, therefore, would probably contain around 650 000 words.Don’t worry, though , few people use more than 60 000 words!

5.Electric Cars People are interested in making electric cars as early as the 1840s.One small electric car was made then, but it didn’t work well.Then, in 1912, General Motors produced an electric truck.These electric vehicles were of course not made for the public to buy.General Motors was the first to try again in the last decade.It was a big challenge.An electric car needs a battery.But the batteries are heavy and don’t work well.None of them could power a car far enough or long enough.And the new technology cost a lot.They did succeed finally.The car they built was called EV1 and it became available in California in 1998.It was the first electric car designed and sold by a large automobile company.6.Folklore------Stories of Cultures Past Folklore is the study of culture and history that is passed on through oral literature.The word “oral” means relating to the mouth, especially the spoken word.Oral literature includes stories, poems, and songs that are passed on by word of mouth.They are passed between family members and residents of villages, and one generation to the next.Before written language and books, and long before computers, people passed information orally------by telling stories and singing songs.In some parts of the world, the oral tradition is still the primary way of communication.There are many different purposes of these songs and stories.Some stories and songs taught religious beliefs;other celebrated romance and the triumph of good over evil.Still others gave important moral lessons, especially to children.Many of these stories contained supernatural elements like fairies, witches and magic spells.7.Your Sense of Taste Taste is one of our five senses.The others are hearing, sight, touch, and smell.You hear with your ears, you see with your eyes, and you taste things with your tongue.On your tongue, you have groups of tiny taste buds.Taste buds send information about food to your brain.You have a lot of taste buds, maybe even 10 000!People don’t have the same number of them.Women often have more taste buds than men.Because of your taste buds, foods like ice cream and bananas taste sweet.French fries, cheese, and ocean water taste salty.Lemons have a sour taste, and coffee is bitter.We all know about these four main tastes: sweet, salty, sour and bitter.Why does a sense of taste matter? For one thing, it helps people decide on safe things to eat.And of course, thanks to your sense of taste, you can enjoy all your favorite foods

8.Rainforests------Wonders of Nature Tropical rainforests are one of the earth’s richest and most fascinating areas.They are found in eighty-five countries in the world.These damp, dense forests thrive in Central and South America, Australia, and Southeast Asia.Although these areas cover just about ten percent of the earth’s surface, over forty percent of the world’s plant and animal species are found in the rainforests.Many of them are found nowhere else on earth.The rainforests are very important to the world.It actually contributes to the climate of the areas in which they live, helping to sustain rainfall.The thick trees also help turn carbon dioxide into oxygen, which is necessary for humans to live.It is believed that the rainforests contain important plants that will cure the serious and deadly diseases of today.Because of its vital contribution to the environment, and its limitless possibilities for science discovery, preservation of the rainforest should be a priority for worldwide.9.Giving a man a fish

There is an old saying: “Give a man a fish;you have fed him for today.Teach a man a fish, and you have fed him for a lifetime.” This saying, however, may no longer be true today.The reason is overfishing.The problem of overfishing is spreading.Since anyone can fish, many people do.Around the world, the number of fishermen and fish farmers is growing.The total has more than doubled in the past 25 years.When too many people fish, too many fish are caught.The days of teaching people to fish may be over.New solutions to this problem must be found, before there are no more fish to eat.10.A Big Head and a Big Mouth An idiom is a group of words with a special meaning.The words in the idiom do not have their usual, ordinary meanings.English is full of idioms.You know some already, and you will certainly know more.Many idioms mention parts of body: the head, the hands ,the heart, and so on.You might hear a girl say, “my brother’s getting a big head.” The boy’s head isn’t growing!A big head is an idiom: This boy thinks he is very important and special.His sister doesn’t think he is.She says that he’s getting too confident.A friend might tell you, “Be careful.That girl has a big mouth.” the literal meaning is That girl’s mouth is large.However, have a big mouth is also an idiom.Your friend means the girl talks too much or she tells other people’s secrets.Your friend is giving you some advice: You shouldn’t tell that girl any private information.You can’t trust her to keep quiet.11.Comfort Food It’s natural for people to eat when they’re hungry.But people eat for other reasons, too.Do you ever eat because you’re with friends and everyone else in eating? Do you ever eat because you’re tired, or because you are under stress? Many people do.People often eat to feel better.When people eat to feel better, they don’t eat just anything.They want specific kinds of food.They want food that helps them relax.They want comfort food.What is comfort food? For most people, it's food that is easy to prepare.It is often soft, so it is easy to eat.Eating it gives people a warm feeling.Sometimes it is a type of food that people loved as children.Maybe they used to eat it at specific times or places.Maybe it is food their mother used to make.Comfort food makes people feel “Somebody’s taking care of me.”

Yes.People eat to feel better.But more often, they eat comfort foods when they already feel happy.They eat them to celebrate or reward themselves.12.A Myth------a Cultural Story

A myth is a complicated cultural story.It describes the beginnings and other basic parts of culture.Myths tell, for example, how the world began, how people and animals were created, and how certain customs started.Myths are not the same as fairy tales.Myths usually talk about a time before history, or before the world began.They more serious and more supernatural than fairy tales.Their purpose is not only to certain people, but to teach them about the foundation of a culture.Myths are often thought of as religious stories, because they talk about gods and other supernatural beings.However, myths go beyond religious beliefs.Therefore, they can tell us about many parts of human life and culture, not just religion.13.Selling an Old House A man was tired of living in his old house in the country and wanted to sell it and buy a better one.He attempted to sell it for a long time, but was not successful, so at last he decided to solve a problem by using a real estate agent.The agent promptly advertised the house and a few days later, the owner saw a very attractive photograph of the house, with a wonderful description of its gardens, in an expensive magazine.After he read the advertisement through, the house owner hastened to telephone the real estate agent.“I’ m sorry, Mr.Jones, ”

said the man, “but I’ve decided not to sell my house after all.Do you know why? After reading your advertisement in that magazine, I can see that it’s exactly the king of house I’ve wanted to live in all my life.”

Speech So what is beauty? Does it mean that you will look beautiful when you wear new a dress or get a new car? Not necessary.As far as I see, beauty is a feeling and you just need to find something to feel.We all experienced that when someone get into your heart because of some reasons, you will kind of think the one beautiful or handsome.I can't say Michael Jackson is handsome but his dance and his music has conquered many people around the world.And James LeBron, the NBA basketball star, is not pretty either, but millions of people get crazy about him.So you see beauty is not just about appearance.And what makes you think someone is beautiful or handsome? It may be appearance, but mostly it's not because of this as there are so many other qualities which can make a chorus on us.I think everyone has got his own personal quality, for example, a teacher's excellent in teaching, a worker's good skills in construction or a athlete's persistence in running, these are all good qualities of their own.And to us--students at school, study comes first.So don't care too much about your clothes cause that's not a tag of student.Appearance ? Well, I don't think anyone is ugly.

第二篇：语音教学计划

五年级语音计划

第一学期：复习巩固语音操，培养学生自己认读单词，自学词汇的能力，指导学生阅读英语小文章，能够看懂简单英语文章。要求：新授单词指导学生自学，教师适当点拨。教研组利用教研时间带领每组教师共同整理本学期英语阅读练习材料，每节课按计划进行渗透练习。（阶段性语音口试检测，英语书写比赛）

第二学期：复习巩固语音操，加强学生自学词汇的能力，指导学生学会使用英语字典，提高学生的英语阅读能力。要求：新授单词指导学生自学，教师适当点拨。教研组利用教研时间带领每组教师共同整理本学期英语阅读练习材料，每节课按计划进行渗透练习。（阶段性口试检测，级部英语阅读能力检测）

第三篇：语音教学计划

三位一体语音教学计划（新版剑桥一级共分19 节课音素5 节，字母4 节，开音节字母组合 4 节，音标6 节）语音阶段总体教学目标：使学生学会自主拼读单词，音标。语音阶段学生自主拼读量至少在 500---1000 词。从第一次课就开始鼓励学 生学语音最终能力就是独立进行拼读，语音阶段谁拼读又快又准，我们将 评出一级（500—690 词），二级（700—890 词），三级（900—1000 词）拼 读之星，我们每次上课，补课为学生进行累计，最后对学生进行奖励。让 学生在语音阶段保持持久的兴趣。语音阶段单词教学（包括中心词，扩展 词），口语教学，歌曲，歌谣教学绝对不是一堂课的主要目标（这一点一定 要和家长讲清楚，口语教学只是初步培养学生语感，能简单交流即可，歌 曲，歌谣只是为活跃课堂气氛，调动学生学习积极性），主要目标就是使学 生能够自由拼读，如学习字母 a 的短音，随便给学生 a 的短音单词，bap,hap ,chas ,sham等等，学生能够脱口而出；学完元音，辅音音标马上 进行拼读音标词：∕bet∕∕se Im∕∕’pIlet∕∕’ kwIklI∕；学完∕ i: ∕的读音规则 ea,ee 通常情况下读∕ i:∕,让学生马上进行符合规则的单 词拼读 Beef, meat。这是我们每节课的核心目标，而且要占大段时间练习的。学校统一为学生录制一本磁带。包括口语，口语不做严格要求，作业 单中可以不打口语内容。教师根据本班实际情况来定。包括下面计划，每 节课内容可进行适当整合，但一个原则，保证学生能够学会，而且内容还 不能太多。具体目标如下： 1.熟练读写26 个大小写字母，48 个音标。背诵直呼表。2.五个元音字母在开闭音阶中读音,能够快速见词读音。Cat bate but bute not note bit bite these het 3.能够熟练拼读常见元音，辅音字母组合的单音节词。Beef, meat, food thes quit chick etc.4.能够熟练拼读单音节及双音节音标词。Eg: ∕bet∕∕se Im∕∕’pIlet∕∕’ kwIklI∕ 5.符合规律的单音节词能够见词读音，听音写词。6.口语内容要求中等以上学生能够脱口而出，简单替换，中等以下学生要 求能够独处即可，口语不对学生做严格要求，考核，让学生量力而学。录 音作业不要求学生录口语句子。学校统一为学生录制一本磁带。包括口语，口语不做严格要求，作业单中可以不打口语内容。7.歌曲，歌谣要求学生能够集体唱出即可。每课目标如下： 第一课： 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1.导言 2 Enable Ss to master some knowledge of English.3Hi!Morning!Hello Good morning!4 一首歌曲 LA 1.Ss can master some knowledge of English.2.Ss can say the oral sentences and sing a song.第 二 个 45 分 LK 1 直呼表前11 个音素 2 a 的短音 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciation of “ a”.2Enable Ss to master some words(三会：bag ,cat ,sand ,hat ,map)and sentences(Hi!Morning!Hello!Good morning!PAU1)3.Learn a chant : Hello,hello,hello,hello,Monkey,Munchy.Hello,hello,hello,hello,Panda,pandy Hello,hello,hello,hello,dog,doffy Hello,hello,hello,hello, cat,catty!(PAP4--5)LA 1Ss can master the pronunciation of a.2Ss can pronounce some words including “a”,and sentences.(Hi!Morning!Hello!Good morning!)小课 测试 听写音素，单词听音标号，教材中习题。过关 a 的短音单词没有拼过的词，辅音音素。第二 课： 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1 直呼后一半直呼表。2The pronunciations of the words including “e”,bed,desk ,pen,pencil ,egg.2.To distinguish the pronunciations between a and e in the words.LA 1.Ss can pronounce the words including “e” in closed syllable 2Ss can distinguish the pronunciations between “a” and “e” in the words.第 二 个 45 分 LK 1 复习直呼 Review the pronunciations a and e 2Oral sentences :Your

name ,please ?I‟m Sam.Nice to meet you.(SAU1)3 Song :Hello!,Hello!Hello!Your name ,please ?I‟m Sam.Nice to see you!(SAP5--8)LA 1.Ss can pronouce some more words including A and E freely.2.Ss can use the oral sentences and sing the song above.小课 测试 听写音素，单词听音标号，教材中习题。过关 a,e 的短音单词没有拼过的词.第三课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1The pronunciations of the words including “o”:box,clock ,dog ,doll and the short sound of letter o 2.To distinguish the pronunciations of “a,e,o” LA 1Ss can pronounce some more new words correctly including “o”.2Ss can distinguish the pronunciations of a,e ,o.第 二 个 45 分 LK 1 Review the pronunciations a,e,o.2 Enable Ss to master the sentences patterns :Ann:Hi,Tom.How are you ? Tom:I‟m fine.And you ? 3 An English song.LA 1 Ss can pronounce some more words including the short of a,e,o.2 Ss can say the sentences.Ann:Hi,Tom.How are you ? Tom:I‟m fine.And you ? 小课 测试 听写音素，单词听音标号，教材中习题。过关 a, e, o 的短音单词(没有拼过的词)，辅音音素。第四课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1i 的短音 This is a pit./It‟s a pit.1 The short sound of “ i”and “u” 2 The pronunciations of the words including a and e(nib ,pin,pit ,lip,six,duck,gun,mug,cup,bus.)LA 1.Ss can master the short prounciations of “ i ”and “u”.2.Ss can pronounce the words including “ i ”and “u” freely.第 二 个 45 分 LK 1u 的短音 i u 的巩固练习，学习歌曲 Apple Tree 1 Review the pronunciations of “i”.and “u” 2.Enable the Ss to master some sentences : What is red? The car is red.LA Ss can pronounce some more words including “ i ”and “u” freely.Ss can say and use the sentences above.freely.小课 测试 听写音素，单词听音标号，教材中习题。过关 a,e,i,o,u 的短音单词没有拼过的词，辅音音素。第五课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1.复习直呼表及五个元音字母的短音 2.Review the oral work.3.Enable Ss to consolidate the pronunciations of 21 consonant phonemes.LA 1.Ss can ask and answer the oral work correctly.2.Ss can pronounce the 20 consonant phonemes correctly.第 二 个 45 分 LK 1 What is red? The duck is red.2 复习所学过的句子 Review the words including “a,e,i,o,u”.Pronounce some more words including “a,e,i,o,u”.LA Ss can pronounce the words including “a,e,I,o,u” correctly.小课 测试 单词听音标号，教材中习题。过关 五个元音单词短音的拼读。第六课 第一个 45 分 LK 1.Enable Ss to master how to read and write the letters:Aa Hh Jj Kk Uu Qq Ww Ii Yy LA Ss can read and write the letters correctly.第二个 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master the sentences: Which is a school? This is a school.LA Ss can master the sentences in LK.小课 测 试 过 关 第七课： 第一个 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master how to read and write the letters:Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv and Oo.LA Ss can read and write the letters correctly.第二个 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master the sentences: Hello.Where are you going? I‟m going to the park.LA Ss can master the sentences in LK.小课 测 试 过 关 第 八 课： 第一个 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master how to read and write the letters:Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz and Rr LA.Ss can read and write the letters correctly.第二个 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master the sentences: How many lions can you see? I can see two.LA Ss can master the

sentences in LK.小课 测 试 过 关 第九课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1 Enable Ss to master the sentences: How many pandas are there? There are six.2 Enable Ss to master the 26 letters and learn the alphabet.LA 1 Ss can use the sentences freely.2 Ss can master the 26 letters and the alphabet.第 二 个 45 分 LK 1 Enable Ss to master the pronunciations of phonemes 12 consonant phonemes and 5 vowel phonemes and pronounce the words including the phonemes.2 Enable Ss to master the sentences we „ve learned(From lesson 6 to lesson 9)LA 1 Ss can read the pronunciations of phonemes in LK correctly.2 Ss can use the sentences we „ve learned correctly.小课 测试 过关 第十课 第一个 45 分 LK 1 学习开音节 闭音节并学习a 在开音节中的读音及其单词拼读 2 中心词 bake name face make game plane wave bake LA Ss can use the words we „ve learned correctly.第二个 45 分 LK 1 Enable Ss to distinguish the open syllable and the closed syllable including a e 2 Enable Ss to master the sentences: What can you see? I can see a big book.LA 1 Ss can distinguish the open syllable and the closed syllable including a, e correctly.2 Ss can use the sentences correctly.小课 测 试 过 关 第 十一课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciations of letter i and o in the open syllable and the spelling of the words.2 Enable Ss to master some new words:bike, five, kite, mike, nine, close, nose, phone, home, rose.LA Ss can pronounce the words including i and o in the open syllable correctly.第 二 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciations of letter u in the open syllable and how to pronounce these words.(mute huge fume cute duke)2 Enable Ss to distinguish the pronunciations of letter i o and u in the open syllable and in the closed syllable LA 1Ss can pronounce the words including lettrer u in the open syllable correctly.2Ss can distinguish the pronunciations of i o and u in the open syllable and in the closed syllable 小课 测试 过关 第十二课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the oral work what we‟ve learned(L1----L11)2 Enable Ss to master 21 consonant phonemes 3 Enable Ss to master 10 vowel phonemes LA 1 Ss can master the oral work what we‟ve learned 2 Ss can master 21 consonant phonemes 3 Ss can master 10 vowel phonemes 第 二 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciations of 26 letters.2 Ss can pronounce the words including a e i o u correctly.LA 1Ss can master the pronunciations of 26 letters.2 Ss can pronounce the words including a e i o u correctly 小课 测试 过关 第十三课： 第一个 45 分 LK Review the open syllable and the closed syllable LA Ss can distinguish the words in the open syllable and the closed syllable 第二个 45 分 LK Enable Ss to master the sentences: Son: Mum, Dad, they are my friends.Mum Dad:Hello!Nick: Hello!I‟m Nick, she‟s Pat and he‟s Tom.We are all friends.LA 小课 测 试 过 关 a 的短音单词没有拼过的词，辅音音素。第 十四 课： 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master16 consonant phonetic symbols: ∕b∕∕P∕∕m∕∕f∕∕d∕∕t∕∕n∕∕l∕∕g∕ ∕k∕∕h∕∕r∕∕s∕∕z∕∕v∕∕w∕ 2 Enable Ss to master the sentences: Tell me please What animals do you like? I like turtles.I like rabbits.LA 1 Ss can read and write the 16 consonant phonetic symbols in LK correctly 2 Ss can read the sentences in LK correctly 第 二 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master

the phonetic symbols: ∕i:∕∕ I∕∕e∕∕æ∕ 2 Enable Ss to master the words: feet bee tree sea beach jeans LA 1 Ss can read and write the phonetic symbols: ∕i:∕∕ I∕∕e∕∕æ∕ 2 Ss can read and write the words: feet bee tree sea beach jeans 小课 测试 过关 音标拼读 第十五课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1 Learn how to read and how to write four phonetic symbols: ∕t∫∕ʤ∕ ∕∫∕∕3∕ 2 Oral English: Do you like oranges? Yes, I do.Do you like pineapples? No, I don’t.LA 1Ss can master the pronunciation rules of four phonetic symbols and master how to write them.2 Ss can read the sentences correctly 第 二 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the middle vowels∕з:∕ə∕Λ∕and master the pronunciations of some new words: ruler tiger bird girl turtle purple 2 Learn oral English LA Ss can master the middle vowels and some new words 小课 测试 过关 音标拼读 第 十六课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciations and writings of 4 phonetic symbols:∕tr∕dr∕ ∕ts∕dz∕ 2 Enable Ss to master the sentences: What do you do in the living room? I watch TV in the living room.LA 1 Ss can master the pronunciations and writings of the 4 phonetic symbols in LK.2 Ss can read the sentences correctly 第 二 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the pronunciations and writings of 5 phonetic symbols: ∕D∕ɔ: ∕ u:∕∕ʊ∕ɑ: ∕ 2 Enable Ss to master the pronunciations of the words :book good park farm horse fork wall ball LA 1Ss can master the pronunciations and writings of the 5 phonetic symbols.2 Ss can master the pronunciations of the new words.小课 测试 过关 音标拼读 第十七课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the sentences: What are the cows doing? They are eating grass.2 Learn how to read and how to write four phonetic symbols and two new words:∕θ ∕ð ∕∕ŋ∕∕ j ∕math teeth LA 1Ss can read the sentences correctly 2 Ss can master the pronunciation rules of four phonetic symbols and master how to write them.第 二 个 45 分 LK 1 Enable Ss to master 3 double vowels: ∕eΙ∕ɔΙ∕∕aΙ∕ 2 Enable Ss to master how to read and how to write some new words: paint rain toy LA 1 Ss can read and write 3 double vowels correctly 2 Ss can read and write 3 words correctly 小课 测试 过关 音标拼读 第 十八课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master 2 double vowels∕əʊ∕ąʊ∕ 2 Enable Ss to master the words including the two double vowels: cloud house cow down coat LA 1Ss can master the 2 double vowels 2 Ss can read the words correctly 第 二 个 45 分 LK 1Enable Ss to master the 3 double vowels and three words including the three double vowels: ∕ʊə∕∕Ιə∕еə∕ hare care ear 2 Enable Ss to master the sentences: A: Hi, there！Where are you going? B: We are going to Shanghai.What about you? A: We are going to Kunming.LA 1 Ss can master the 3 double vowels and the three words including the three double vowels 2 Ss can read the sentences correctly 小课 过关 音标拼读 第十九课 第 一 个 45 分 LK 1 Review the open syllable and the closed syllable 2 Review the sentences from L1----L18.LA 1 Ss can read the words about open syllable and closed syllable correctly 2 Ss can make dialogues by using the sentences correctly 第 二 个 45 分 LK 1 Review the pronunciations and the families of the 26 letters.2 Review the phonetic symbols LA 1 Ss can master the pronunciations and the families of the 26 letters.Correctly 2 Ss can read the phonetic symbols correctly 小课 测

试 过关

第四篇：语音演讲稿

Good morning ,Ladies and Gentlemen:

I'm glad to stand here to deliver my speech to all of you.A research shows that a man has to make 73 choices one day.With so many choices one day, people easily get so confused and afraid of making wrong choice that they hesitate and finally miss the true part of life.In my opinion, the following part is of much more importance than the choice.There is no absolute right or wrong choice but wonderful or boring life, which the process makes the difference.Life is a box of chocolate,you never know what you will get.Forrest Gump made no decision by and for himself but he accomplished great success with his strong will in the process.The process is not the road itself but the attitudes and feelings ,the caution, courage and persistance we have as we encounter new experience and unexpected obstacles.Take myself as an example, I changed my major when I was a sophomore.After the choice,days have been harsh for me.I cannot understand some new lessons at all.However with the belief that this is the great chance for me to experience new ideas and challenge myself,I persisted.I asked for help from every channel and reorgonized my life.Gradually I could understand some parts and even found these lessons interesting.Moreover, I learned to act instead of complaining.In retrospect,the choice left no trace in my mind but the happiness and bitterness becomes an unforgetable experience in my life.NO matter what the choice is, enjoy the process.In the process, your potential will be inspired and new discoveries,improvement and progress will come to you.These are the most beautiful sceneries and only on the way can you see it.These make your life colorful.So my dear friends,never worry about your choice and enjoy the process.I am sure you will get something new and intersting after my speech.Thank you for your attention!

第五篇：语音教学

浅析初中英语语音教学的问题与策略

景德镇乐平镇桥中学：鲍丽丽

摘要：目前中学语音教学形成上述被动现状跟教师的教学素质有关系，但是教材的作用不可低估，尤其当教师的综合教学素质还不够齐、还不够高，还不能达到创造性地驾驭教材时，教材的编排将直接影响教师的教学和质量。现行中学英语教材语音教学内容的安排虽然符合学习英语循序渐进的原则，但是它低估了学生的认知能力，忽视了学生们要独立学习的欲望和能力，学生在学习的过程中不能独立拼读，尤如孩子将永远无法挣脱母亲的手自由行走一样，学生学习英语就没有乐趣，更没有成就感。所以，语音教学内容，特别是单音教学内容，分散且学程长，不能满足学生实际学习的需要，不利于拼读能力的培养，最终的教学效果也只能是部分开花，而不能遍地开花。

关键词：初中 英语 语音 问题 策略

《英语新课程标准（2011年版）》指出：“语音教学是语言教学的重要内容之一。自然规范的语音、语调将为有效的口语交际打下良好的基础。”语音是语言存在的物质基础，离开了语音，语言就不能存在。英语语音教学是整个中学英语教学发展的起点，语音教学的好坏影响着学生的语音质量，而语音质量又直接影响着整个英语学习过程，所以语音关是英语教学的第一关。语音阶段没有打好基础，单词读音就有困难，要么不会读，要么读不准，这就成了教学最大的拦路虎，直接影响到单词的记忆与积累。而词汇量少，阅读势必困难重重。此外，单词发音不准，只能把形和义联系起来，而不能把音和义联系起来，给听，说带来了很大的困难。试问一个学生上课时想听听不懂，想说说不出，想写又写不来，其结果除了放弃外还能做什么呢？由此可见，语音教学是听说读写各方面发展的基础，它在英语教学中的重要性是不言而喻的。

一、当前初中英语语音教学存在的问题

（一）教学方法陈旧.枯燥，太注重语音知识的讲授。许多老师教学语音时，只是一味地讲解语音知识，示范口形，讲解发音部位，还一个劲地纠正学生的发音部位和口形。将语音课上成语音学课，造成学生刚开始学英语就怕开口，背上了沉重的心理负担。接着老师就开始领读，一遍又一遍，学生象念经一样跟读。一堂课下来，老师教得累，学生也学得累，效果却甚微。学生在英语学习入门阶段就费时费力，兴趣索然。“兴趣是最好的老师”，这话说得好。在英语语音教学中，适当的语音知识讲解和示范领读是必须的，但是应该充分利用中学生的非智 力因素，调动一切可调动的力量与一切卓有成效的教学方法，使学生学得轻松愉悦，又能积极地学习模仿，并对自己的发音进行及时地调节与纠正，即变消极为积极，盲目为有意识地学习。这才是语音教学的成功。

（二）老师对语音教学的内容和任务把握不够缺乏对培养学生形成良好的语音习惯的认识。另外有些老师对语音教学抱轻视态度。只注重字母，音标，单音与拼读，却忽视了对学生进行其语音知识（如重音，连读，节奏，语调，语速等方面的）全面训练。有些老师为了让学生听懂，就一个音一个音地教，一个词一个词地读，违反了语言的真实性和规律性，养成了不良的语音习惯，结果坑苦了学生。连读，节奏一一不通，更不用说同地道的英美人士进行交流了，学生说的英语是中国式英语，外国人听不懂，而外国人说的英语学生也听不懂。所学的语言成了死语言。良好的语音习惯是学好英语的保证。老师从入门阶段起就该狠抓学生的语音习惯，使学生通过今后的不断学习后，能操一口流利，地道，纯正的英语并用于交际。这才是英语教学的最终目的。

（三）重单音教学轻语流教学。

现行中学英语教材从初一年级第二学期开始安排了重音、语调、意群、连读等语流教学的内容。但是，笔者发现：多数教师相对地对单音较为重视而对语流语调的教学重视不够。其表现为：(1)对于教材中所出现的相关的语流语调教学内容，教师往往是一带而过。让学生听一听录音，然后模仿一下。这样的教学方法仅就语流的单项练习来说也未常不可。问题的关键是部分教师不能结合课文的教学进行语流语调的训练，即脱离开单项语流练习，在进行课文教学时，什么重音、语调、连读等语流音变现象很少受到师生的重视，几乎全丢在脑后，致使学生习惯于朗读与背诵，没有韵律节奏，学生朗读背诵时差不多都一个味，甚至是夹带着地方音的英语，难以表情达意。因而许多学生怕丢丑，不愿意当众朗读。话说回来，如果英语的语流语调掌握不好，学生就不会真正感受到所学英语的语音美，很难获得英语的真正语感，就会使英语的学习永远停留在语言学习的浅层上，无法触及语言所负载的文化底蕴，这也就很难使学生保持学习英语的兴趣。(2)由于缺乏对语流语调教学的重视，为学生日后获取听说读写的能力种下暗疾。我们说，英语语流语调与汉语语流语调差别很大，曾有人将汉语的语流语调比喻为一串珠子，拔一拔，个个清晰有声，而英语的语流语调听起来恰似小溪的流水，哗啦啦，连续不断。可想而知，一个习惯于以汉语的语流语调朗读英语的学生，听力理解、口语表达、阅读理解与速度将直接受到严重影响。造成的结果要么听不懂别人讲的地道英语，要么自己讲的英语别人听不懂，并且阅读时还读不快。这就是为什么许多平时英语考试能得高分的同学，见了外国人，一不能自如流利地与他们用英语交流的原因。但是，一些教师在教学中意识不到这一点，用他们自己的话说“课还讲不完呢，哪有时间在课堂上训练学生的语流语调，让学生课下自己练习去吧。”可见，教师的教学指导思想正确与否，事关整个英语教学的成败。

二、初中英语语音教学策略

考虑到孩子们刚从小学升入初中，还没有具备像高中生那样较为成熟的思辨能力和逻辑思维力。我们做初中英语教师的更应该耐心和仔细，授课更应该注意趣味化和人性化。一定要让学生们很好地度过从小学到中学的那个不适期，尽量不要让学生们被正式的英语学习吓住。

（一）“模仿为主”时，辅以必要的语音理论。因为语音是语言的物质外壳。语音学习是通过视觉（看口型）、言语听觉和言语活动觉协同活动来进行。对于初中学生，言语听觉是学习的主要通道。通过听觉的定向活动，把听到的声音进行综合分析，形成正确的听觉表象，这样就可以按照它去发音。模仿就是建立正确的听觉表象过程。

模仿一般有两个阶段：第一阶段是听觉分析阶段。在这一阶段所谓模仿就是通过分析形成听觉表象，口腔动觉是带有试探性的。第二阶段，通过动觉运动把听觉表象固定下来，这就是发出音。从这里不难看出，正确的发音是建立在正确的听觉表象基础上。没有充分的听觉分析要具体地把握好音是困难的。

语音教学要正确处理模仿和发音理论讲解的关系。在中学进行语音教学，应从模仿入手，辅以适当理论讲解。理论讲解必要，但要在模仿基础上进行。而且要尽量深入浅出。比如讲【e】和【

】两个元音，告诉学生们口腔开度，在发【e】时，上下齿间容一食指，而【

】容两指。如果硬要讲舌高点舌低点，容易让学生脑子混乱。

从模仿入手，教师示范很重要。要学生发音准，教师首先要有个准发音。不仅在教一具体音时起到良好示范作用，而且整个教学过程都是学生良好的语音榜样，时时处处在给学生们良好的语音影响。可以断言，英语语音面貌好的老师是教不出英语差和不喜欢英语的学生的。而且良好的语音面貌也使得教师多了一份做人的自信和职业自豪。

（二）要特别重视比较和对比。语音作为一个体系，就在于它由许多差别部分组成。例如：元音和辅音差别，清辅音和浊辅音差别，重读和非重读差别，升调与降调差别，甚至英语语音和汉语语音的差别（这方面大有文章可做）。正确地掌握语音就是要掌握差别，就要对比。对比，一是要进行英汉语音对比；二是要进行英语语言内部对比。

英汉语音对比就是让学生把英语和本族汉语发音做比较，找出发音困难所在，从而排除本族语的负迁移，同时利用它来进行正迁移。有人研究发现，学过汉语拼音的中学生，学英语拼音就快。这是因为英语的辅音和汉语拼音的声母发音虽有清浊和运气方式的不同，但发音相似的地方很多，如汉语的bpmf等，去掉它们所含韵母就与英语的辅音bpmf相似。

一般说来，掌握与本族语发音基本相同的音最容易；发音方法与本族语不同，但未超过本族语发音习惯的音掌握起来也不难。最难的是发音与本族语类似而容易混淆的音及发音方法完全不同的音。中学生学音素，感到较容易的是上面提到的辅音和元音中的【i:】，【u：】，【a:】，这些音尽管与汉语有别，但只要教师示范几次，稍加讲解即可。难发的是【ai】，【ei】，【u】，它们和汉语ai, ei, ao和ou既相似又有区别，很容易混。对这三个音教师一定要进行英汉相似音的比较，并指出有的音除了长短不同，还有发声方式不同，这样学生心里就有数了。

另外通过汉英对比，教师还能遇见学生语音学习上的难点并采取针对性措施，有的放矢地帮学生解决发音困难，从而事半功倍。

除了汉英对比，英语语音内部的对比也很重要，比如长短音，开口大小的音就可以适当找出一些句子来练习：

Please sit in this seat.This bed is bad.(三）要通过语流教语音

常有误区。这误区不光是在中学，而是在中国的英语教学：只重视音素教学，忽略整体的语音教学，甚至把音素教学当成语音教学全部，认为48个音素教完就完了，语音也就学完可以结束了，以后就剩学单词、语法和精读了。这种做法是相当搞笑的。这就导致学生临到大学毕业英语发音也是音病百出，不忍萃听。学生们全凭自个儿瞎摸索，因为根本没接触过超音段音位，就是连读、节奏、语调等语音现象。这就使得学生学了十几年英语还讲不了几句地道流利的英国话。

语流（Speech flow)是由音（pronunciation)、律（rhythem)、调（intonation)结合而成。音是指音素、单词发音和语句发音；律是节奏，即发音的轻重长短快慢；调是语调，是指语句的升降和平调。音、律、调三者为统一体，共同构成英语的腔。

传统教学把三者割裂，按音素--音节--词语的顺序机械训练。这样来教，学生可能发音较准确，但节奏和语调都较差。单独发its, an, apple可以，但连起来读就不一定自然，这是因为：（1）单词重音与语句重音不同。有些词单独发音有单词重音，但在连贯语句中一般没有语句重音；（2）单词与语句的律不同。每个单词单独发音时都有单词重音，每个重音便是一个节奏。但在连贯语句中，有些词读得轻，有的重。这些轻重变化组成节奏组。每个节奏组所用时间大致相同，这和汉语大不相同，如前所述不再赘言。（3）单词和语句的调子不同。单词单独发音可用升降调，不改变词义。但句子要是用不同调子即产生不同意思。这就要求在语流中教语音。这里要把握好两点：一是在语句较短时直接在语流中训练单音、节奏和语调。在训练时，教师尽量让学生读整句，使得学生能模仿到句子的节奏和语调。如果在语流学习中学生遇到单音障碍，教师可领读几遍正正音，扫清发音障碍后仍回到整句语流中。这叫：以语流训练为主，单音训练为辅。二是当语句较长又是难句时，可先做单音训练后做语流训练，像：Are there any tractors in the street?其中tractors street学生感到难发，语调也不易模仿，可采取如下措施：

A./tr/,/tr/,/tr/,--/tra/tra/----/trac/trac/----/tractor//tractor/ B./s//str/str/--/stri:/stri:----/stri;;t/stri:t/ C./tractors in the street? D.Are there any tractors in the street? 由音素到节奏，由音节到单词，由升调到降调，难点各个击破，最后回到整个句子。这样来做句子说起来就比较容易，也更有利于对学生的语流训练。这就叫：以语流训练为主，单音训练与语流训练起头并举。通过语流教语音，学生才能学会地道的英语，不但自己说的话有了英美人的“味儿”，英美人说话也就大致能听懂了。

综上所述，初中英语教师要养成语音教学的好习惯，一定要让学生在初中阶段打好英语语音基础。初中英语语音教学和英语教学整体密不可分。它能够从根本上解决多年来英语教学耗费时间长，花费精力多，效率低下的问题。教师对学生加强语音训练，帮助学生夯实语音基础，掌握好语音，是提高语音教学质量的保障和有效途径。

参考文献

[1]中华人民共和国教育部.义务教育英语课程标准（2011版）[S].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2011.[2]英语童谣和儿童英语语音训练》 肖燕丽 中小学英语教学与研究5/992002．6．27 [3] Agor.B.英语课程在课堂教学中的应用[M].陈琳编译.北京：外语教学与研究出版社,2007.[4]《英语课堂教学游戏》 李震雷 上海教育出版社