第一篇：英语诗歌的欣赏方法
英语诗歌的欣赏方法
英诗浩瀚，篇幅长短不一，长至成集，短至仅句。为使英语学习者了解英诗，特拟此文，从实用角度阐述英诗的欣赏：诗的格律、诗的押韵、诗的体式、诗的评判。
诗以高度凝结的语言表达着人们的喜怒哀乐，用其特有的节奏与方式影响着人们的精神世界。诗讲究联想，运用象征、比喻、拟人等各种修辞手法，形成了独特的语言艺术。（有关修辞手法可参考相关书籍）。
一、诗的格律
“格律是指可以用脚打拍子的节奏”，是每个音步轻重音节排列的格式，也是朗读时轻重音的依据。而音步是由重读音节和非重读音节构成的诗的分析单位。重读音节为扬（重），在音节上用“－”或“ˊ”标示，非重读音节为抑（轻），在音节上用“︶”标示，音步之间可用“／”隔开。以下是五种常见格式：
1．抑扬格（轻重格）Iambus：是最常见的一种格式，每个音步由一个非重读音节加一个重读音节构成。
As fair / art thou / my bon/nie lass, So deep / in luve / am I : And I / will luve / thee still,/ my dear, Till a` / the seas / gang dry: Robert Burns(1759-1796): My Luve Is like a Red, Red Rose 注；art=are；luve=love???bonnie=beautiful???a`=all???gang=go 上例中为四音步与三音步交叉，可标示为：︶－／︶－／︶－／（︶－）
2．扬抑格（重轻格）Trochee：每个音步由一个重读音节加一个非重读音节构成。下例中为四音步扬抑格（少一个轻音节），可标示为：－︶／－︶／－︶／－ Tyger!/ Tyger!/ burning / bright In the / forests / of the / night William Blake: The Tyger 3．抑抑扬格（轻轻重格）Anapaestic?foot:?每个音步由两个非重读音节加一个重读音节构成。如：三音步抑抑扬格︶︶－／︶︶－／︶︶－ Like a child / from the womb, Like a ghost / from the tomb, I arise / and unbuild / it again.4．扬抑抑格（重轻轻格）Dactylic?foot:?每个音步由一个重读音节加两个非重读音节构成。如：两音步扬抑抑格－︶︶／－︶︶ ˊTouch?her?not?/?ˊscornfully, ˊThink?of?her?/?ˊmournfully.--Thomas Hood
5．抑扬抑格（轻重轻格）Amphibrach：每个音步由一个非重读音节加一个重读音节再加一个非重读音节构成。如：三音步抑扬抑格︶－︶／︶－︶／︶－︶ 下例中最后一个音步为抑扬格。
Oˊhush?thee?/?my?ˊbabie?/?thy?ˊsire?was?/?a?knight.在同一首诗中常会出现不同的格律，格律解析对朗读诗歌有一定参考价值。现代诗中常不遵守规范的格律。
二、诗的押韵
押韵是指通过重复元音或辅音以达到一定音韵效果的诗歌写作手法。
1．尾韵：最常见，最重要的押韵方式。
1.联韵：aabb型。
I shot an arrow into the air, It fell to earth, I knew not where;For, so swiftly it flew, the sight Could not follow it in its flight.Henry Wadsworth Longfellow: The Arrow and the Song 2）交叉韵：abab型。Sunset and evening star, And one clear call for me!And may there be no moaning of the bar, When I put out to sea, Alfred Tennyson(1809-1892): Crossing the Bar
3）同韵：有的诗押韵，一韵到底，大多是在同一节诗中共用一个韵脚。如下例就共用／i:p／为韵脚。The woods are lovely, dark and deep, But I have promises to keep, And miles to go before I sleep, And miles to go before I sleep.Robert Frost(1874-1963): Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening
2．?头韵：是指一行（节）诗中几个词开头的辅音相同，形成押韵。下例中运用／f／、／b／与／s／头韵生动写出了船在海上轻快航行的景象。The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, The furrow followed free, We were the first that ever burst Into that silent sea.T.S.Coleridge: Rime of the Acient Mariner
3．内韵（同元音）：指词与词之间原因的重复形成的内部押韵。下面一节诗中／i／及／iη／重复照应，呈现出一派欢乐祥和的气氛。Spring, the sweet spring, is the year’s pleasant king;Then blooms each thing, then maids dance in a ring, Cold dath not sting, the pretty birds do sing: Cuckoo,jug-jug,pu-we,to-witta-woo!Thomas Nashe(1567-1601): Spring, the Sweet Spring
三、诗的体式
有的诗分成几节（stanza），每节由若干诗行组成（每行诗均以大写字母开头）；有的诗则不分节。目前我们常见的诗体有：
1．十四行诗(Sonnet)，源于中世纪民间抒情短诗，十三、十四世纪流行于意大利，意大利彼特拉克（Petrarch）为代表人物，每行十一个音节，全诗一节八行，加一节六行，韵脚用abba,abba,cdcdcd(cdecde)。前八行提问，后六行回答。
后来，怀亚特（Thomas?Wyatt,1503-1542）将十四行诗引人英国，五音步抑扬 格，全诗三个四行一个二行,前三节提问，后二句结论。斯宾塞（Edmund Spenser,1552-1599）用韵脚?abab,?bcbc,cdcd,ee。莎士比亚（William Shakespeare,1564-1616）用韵脚abab,cdcd,dfdf,gg，称英国式或莎士比亚式。举 例见本文第四部分。
2．打油诗（Limericks）：通常是小笑话甚至是胡诌，一般没有标题也无作者姓名，含有幽默讽刺性，常运用双关，内韵等手法。每首诗五个诗行，押韵为aabba，格律以抑扬格和抑抑扬格为主。
1)There was a young lady of Nigger Who smiled as she rode on a tiger;They returned from the ride With the lady inside, And the smile on the face of the tiger.2)A tutor who taught on the flute Tried to teach two tooters to toot, “Is it harder to toot, or Said the two to the tutor, To tutor two tooters to toot。”
3．无韵体（Blank?Verse）：五音步抑扬格，不押韵诗体。Across the watery bale , and shout again, Responsive to his call,--with quivering peals, And long halloos, and screams, and echoes loud.Redoubled and redoubled:concourse wild Of jocund din!…
William Wordsworth: There Was a Boy
4．自由诗（Free?Verse）:现代诗中常见的体式，长短不同的诗行存在于同一首诗中，不讲究押韵与格律，只注重诗歌所表达的意象和传递的情感。美国诗人Walt?Whitman的《草叶集》（Leaves?of?Grass）中，就采用此格式。例子见第四部分。
四、诗的评判
对一首诗，个人的感受会有不同。节奏流畅，语言精炼，联想新颖的诗可算是好诗。堆砌词藻，一味抒发感情而无实际内容的诗，只能是下乘的诗。
二十世纪英美诗歌大量采用自由诗体，接近口语，可谓大胆创新，大概也是诗歌发展的大势所趋吧。
第二篇：六一儿童节英语作文：六一儿童节英语诗歌欣赏
六一儿童节英语作文：六一儿童节英语诗歌欣赏（1）
kids(who bring you a complete life)
When you have a kid
who you care so much
that anything he wants
comes before your own desires
When you have a kid
who is so much in need for your affection and understanding thatno matter what is bothering him
you‘re willing to do anything to make him smile
When you have a kid
who is so dependent on you that
no matter what obstacles you face
you have to be forever confident in front of him
giving him the sense of security
When you have a kid
whatever your goals are for your life
you’re so willing to put him ahead before all your goalssometimes even give up your dreams for his needs
but you‘d consider yourself lucky indeed
being in love with someone in this wide world so deep
you try to make everything easy for him to grow up into a loving，strong adultThank god for giving me this chance
let me experience what love，giving，and voluntary sacrifice are all about
After all of the things I’ve done for him
who changed my whole world dramaticly
I come to understand what a complete life is like.magical kids.
第三篇：六一儿童节英语作文：六一儿童节英语诗歌欣赏
六一儿童节英语作文：六一儿童节英语诗歌欣赏（3）
In the park profusion of color flower opened in the really
beautiful each gentle dimple all to have the child shadow that small wing heart to wish one could to fly the outer space steadily to go because the evening sky star blinked attractive wants to pick Man Man a basket of flowers to give teacher and the child Makes noise in the numerous flower who in the day in June does say goodbye to the spring breeze a season glittering and translucent carving chaste
incomparable heart cautiously to split open the viridis the curtain curtain to open in the stage cosmetics thick make-up small angel chirp chirp open-mouthed thin to sue Man Shudu is slowly the bright story sky deep blue like water is covers own excited eye with the moist red handkerchief
翻译：
公园里万紫千红
花儿朵朵
开得真美
每一朵温柔的笑靥里
都有孩子们的影子
那小小的 长了翅膀的心
恨不得 飞到太空去
因为
晚上天空的星星
眨眼诱人
想摘满满的一花篮
送给老师和小朋友
在繁花喧嚣的日子里
六月告别春风的季节一颗颗晶莹剔透
纯洁无比的心翼翼的绽开翠绿色的幕幔缓缓开启舞台上粉黛浓妆的小天使咿咿呀呀地细诉着满树都是鲜艳的故事天空湛蓝如水
是谁 用润湿的红手帕捂住自己激动的眼睛
第四篇：六一儿童节英语作文：六一儿童节英语诗歌欣赏
六一儿童节英语作文：六一儿童节英语诗歌欣赏（5）I am glad I was your teacher
Though you troubled me through and throughYou split the chalk and broke the glass
And I made you kneel down too
But now that the year is almost gone
And the holidays are near
I am surprised most of all coz
I can‘t believe the end is here
Next term you will be older
Whether wiser-I am not sure
Some other class teacher will face it allHow well – I do not know.I remember all the fun we had
I am sure you remember too
All the pranks and the spanks
But we managed to get through
I can’t believe the end is here
You will all be sorely missed
And I hate to see you go
‘Coz you’ll are very special kids.Children of an Unfair God
Mama，please don‘t hurt me anymore
I am only little，just about four
Don’t wake me up from my deep sleep
Don‘t take me to work； why can’t it keep？Can‘t you send me to school？
Like the neighbourhood kids
Can’t I learn to read and browse through books？‘No you can’t‘，says the mother
Dragging her child away
You must go to work
To keep hunger at bay
Five children have we to keep and to feedHow can you think about so much sleep？
第五篇：六一儿童节英语作文：六一儿童节英语诗歌欣赏
六一儿童节英语作文：六一儿童节英语诗歌欣赏（2）Children watch architecture in a building blockChildren，the Children Happy
I admire how you are
Architecture in a building block to see you aloneHouse at the hands of skillful you
Block 1 of the established Weiran
In praise of the elders after
You are always happy to put them came overturnedTear down the moment you laugh
Carefree transparent clear
Children，I admire you
You can start again immediately Innovate
People often say： The world is a stage
Life but can not be the slightest bit GamesOur lives every reconstruction
Too many things to pay
Faced with the colorful building blocks of lifeAt the time we set up
Always do not have the courage to tear down theThose who are already old things
We are forced to stick to conventions
Rough tough life
Has enabled us to fall short of
Architecture in a building block when you the imagination of today
Faced with a heavy heart and a sense of helplessnessChildren，I sincerely admire you
Faced with this complex social
How I wish I could
Children of Freedom in a state of mind
To build their own high-rise buildings
Innovate do not go out of ordinary things
看孩子搭积木
孩子，幸福的孩子
我是多么的羡慕你
看你独自搭积木
房子在你灵巧的手下
一座座巍然的树立起
在接受了长辈夸奖后
你总乐于把它们轰然推倒
推倒的瞬间你的笑声
清澈透明 无忧无虑
孩子，我羡慕你
你能马上开始再次创新
人们常说：世界是舞台
可人生却不容半点游戏
我们生命中的每一次重建都要支付太多的东西面对人生五光十色的积木我们在搭建时
总是没有勇气去推倒那些早已陈旧的事物我们被迫墨守陈规人生的艰辛坎坷已使我们失却了
你今天搭积木时的想象力面对内心的沉重和无奈孩子，我衷心羡慕你面对这个复杂的社会我多么希望我能够以一个孩子的自由心境去搭建自己的高楼大厦去创新出不平凡的事物
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