第一篇：英语翻译短文
The Workman's Compensation
How can someone, hour after hour, day after day, year in and year out, tighten approximately the same nut to the same bolt and not go mad? That most working people do not, in fact, go mad is due in large measure to a phenomenon so common that it is found wherever people labor in industry: taking it easy.It would take some kind of real mental case to do all the work one could all day long.No one expects it.Taking it easy on the job while someone else covers your work, or “working on and off,” as it is usually called in America, is an established part of the working life.Working on and off, however, has its limits.The rules are infinitely varied, subtle, and flexible, and, of course, they are always changing.Management, up to a certain level at least, is aware of the practice, and in some industries employs entire cadres of people to curtail or put an end to it.Simultaneously, the workers are subtly doing their best to keep it going and to extend it wherever possible.Every worker has a highly developed sense of how much work is expected of him.When he feels that the expectation is excessive, he tries to do something about it.This instinct has to do with the political nature of work itself, something every modern worker understands.The bosses want more from the worker than they are willing to give in return.The workers give work, and the bosses give money.The exchange is never quite equal, and the discrepancy is called profit.Since the bosses cannot do without profit, workers have an edge.A good worker in a key spot could, so long as he kept up production, take all the coffee breaks he wanted, and the bosses would very likely look the other way.He could also choose to cut down on the coffee breaks, apply himself, and increase production, and then ask for and get more money.But that would be self-defeating, and he knows it.It would also place him in competition with other workers, which would be playing into the bosses' hands.What he would rather do is create some slack for himself and enjoy his job more.At present on the West Coast, when a gang of longshoremen working on cargo start a shift, they often divide themselves into two equal groups and toss a coin.One group goes into the far reaches of the ship's hold and sits around.The other group starts loading cargo, usually working with a vengeance, since each one of them is doing the work of two men.An hour later, the groups change places.In other words, although my fellow longshoremen and I are getting paid for eight hours, on occasion we work only four.If someone reading this feels a sense of moral outrage because we are sitting down on the job, I am sorry.I have searched my mind in vain for a polite way to tell that reader to go to hell.If you are that reader, I would recommend that you abandon your outrage and begin thinking about doing something similar for yourself.You probably already have, even if you won't admit it.White collar office workers, too, have come under criticism recently for robbing their bosses of their full-time services.Too much times is being spent around the Mr.Coffee machine, and some people(would you believe it?)have even been having personal conversations on company time.In fact, one office-system expert recently said that he had yet to encounter a business work place that was functioning at more than about 60 percent efficiency.Management often struggles hard to set up a situation where work is done in series: a worker receives an article of manufacture, does something to it, and passes it on to another worker, who does something else to it and then passes it on to the next guy, and so on.The assembly line is a perfect example of this.Managers like this type of manufacture because it is more efficient“a full day's work for a full day's pay,” “taking a free ride”-has been pushed by certain employers to discredit the practice, and their success is such that I rarely discuss it except with other workers.My response is personal, and I feel no need to defend it: If I am getting a free ride, how come I am so tired when I go home at the end of a shift?
工作者的补偿
一个人怎么能时复一时，年复一年地把几乎相同的螺帽拧到相同的螺栓上而不发疯的呢？事实上，多数劳动者并不发疯多半是由于“不紧不慢”的现象很平常，在企业中只要有人工作的地方随处可见这种现象。一个人恐怕要有某种真正的精神病才能一整天竭尽全力地干活。没人希望这样。在别人帮你干活时，你就不紧不慢地干，也就是像美国人常说的那种“干干停停”是工作生涯的一个既定部分。
然而，干干停停有它的局限性。这些惯例的变化无休无止，很微妙、很有弹性。当然，它们总在变。至少在一定程度上管理部门知道这种做法。一些企业雇佣干部以减少或结束这种做法。同时，工人们巧妙地、尽全力使之继续下去并使之触及到可能的任何地方。
每个工人对自己干多少活都是高度敏感的。当他感到希望他做的事过多时，就会采取某些措施。这种天性与每个现代工人所懂得的工作本身的政治特性有关。老板希望从工人身上得到的比他们给予的要多；工人付出劳动，老板付出报酬。这个交换从来不会太平等，此差异叫做利润。由于老板不能没有利润，工人们就占了上风。一个在关键岗位的好工人，只要他保持产量不降低，可以随心所欲地利用工间休息，而老板可能装作没看见。工人也可以缩短工间休息，卖力干活，增加生产，然后要求并得到更多的钱。但他知道那是违背自己利益的，这样做也会将自己置于与他人竞争之中，这种竞争会有利于老板。那么，他宁愿为自己创造一些空闲，更好的享受工作。
目前在西海岸，从事船货装卸工作的一伙码头装卸工开始轮班时，经常分成两组，然后掷硬币决定先后顺序。一组走到船舱深处分散坐下。另一组开始装货，通常干得卖力，因为他们每人干着两人的活，一小时以后两组交位置换。换句话说，虽然我和工友们获得八小时的报酬，有时却只干四小时。如果有人读到此，为我们怠工而愤慨的话，我很抱歉。我白费心机的绞尽脑汁想找到一个礼貌的说法，但现在要告诉这位读者，让他见鬼去吧。
如果你是那个读者，我会劝你不要愤慨，开始为自己考虑一下类似的事情。即便你不承认，你可能已经想过了。近来，白领职员也由于不为老板全天服务而受到批评。在电煮咖啡机旁花了太多的时间。一些人甚至在工业时间进行私人交谈。事实上，一个办公制度专家近来说，他还没有遇到工作效率高于60%的商业网点。
管理部门经常努力创建一条龙式的工作：一个人接到产品后为之做些什么，把它传给另外一个工人，这个工人再做些什么，然后传给下一个工人，如此类推。装配线就是一个极好的例子。经理喜欢这种生产方式，因为它效率更高，也就是说能生产出更多的产品来。尽管老板不会承认，但还有另一个喜欢这种方式的原因，它使工人很难做工作以外的其他事情。
弗雷德里克·W·泰勒，是本世纪初进行时间和运动研究的效率专家，这种研究产生了装配线工序。他试图把工人变成机器人，只是为了更大的产量。他的专家组每人配有带弹簧夹子的书写板和秒表用来研究每个工人，使他们不能偷懒。很快他们发现工人们特别反对这种做法。
大多数不直接从事日常工作的人听到人们“干干停停”地工作时，会表示不赞同。一些雇主推行了一场预先计划的运动，和“全天工作付全天报酬”“只拿钱不干活”这些精心选择的语言来诋毁这种做法。除了同其他工人，我很少谈起他们的成功。我的回答是个人观点，我感到没必要为之辩护：拿钱不干活，我下班回家后怎么会那么累呢？ Work, Labor, and Play
So far as I know, Miss Hannah Arendt was the first person to define the essential difference between work and labor.To be happy, a man must feel, firstly, free and, secondly, important.He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society to do what he does not enjoy doing, or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished, the sign that what a man does is of social value is that he is paid money to do it, but a laborer today can rightly be called a wage slave.A man is a laborer if the job society offers him is of no interest to himself but he is compelled to take it by the necessity of earning a living and supporting his family.The antithesis to labor is play.When we play a game, we enjoy what we are doing, otherwise we should not play it, but it is a purely private activity;society could not care less whether we play it or not.Between labor and play stands work.A man is a worker if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do;what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is from his own point of view voluntary play.Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work depends, not on the job itself, but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.The difference does not, for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job;a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker, a bank clerk a laborer.Which a man is can be seen from his attitude toward leisure.To a worker, leisure means simply the hours he needs to relax and rest in order to work efficiently.He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much;workers die of coronaries and forget their wives' birthdays.To the laborer, on the other hand, leisure means freedom from compulsion, so that it is natural for him to imagine that the fewer hours he has to spend laboring, and the more hours he is free to play, the better.What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are, like myself, in the fortunate position of being workers?
At a guess I would say sixteen per cent, and I do not think that figure is likely to get bigger in the future.Technology and the division of labor have done two things: by eliminating in many fields the need for special strength or skill, they have made a very large number of paid occupations which formerly were enjoyable work into boring labor, and by increasing productivity they have reduced the number of necessary laboring hours.It is already possible to imagine a society in which the majority of the population, that is to say, its laborers, will have almost as much leisure as in ear5lier times was enjoyed by the aristocracy.When one recalls how aristocracies in the past actually behaved, the prospect is not cheerful.Indeed, the problem of dealing with boredom may be even more difficult for such a future mass society than it was for aristocracies.The latter, for example, ritualized their time;there was a season to shoot grouse, a season to spend in town, etc.The masses are more likely to replace an unchanging ritual by fashion which it will be in the economic interest of certain people to change as often as possible.Again, the masses cannot go in for hunting, for very soon there would be no animals left to hunt.For other aristocratic amusements like gambling, dueling, and warfare, it may be only too easy to find equivalents in dangerous driving, drug-taking, and senseless acts of violence.Workers seldom commit acts of violence, because they can put their aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist.The role of aggression into their work, be it physical like the work of a smith, or mental like the work of a scientist or an artist.The role of aggression in mental work is aptly expressed by the phrase “getting one's teeth into a problem.”
工作，劳作和娱乐
据我所知，汉纳·阿伦特小姐是第一个给予工作和劳作之间本质区别的人。一个人要高兴，首先要感到自由，其次是感到重要。如果他被社会强迫做他不愿做的事，或者他喜欢做的事被社会忽视，被认为无价值和不重要，他就不会真正高兴。在一个从严格意义上来说奴隶制已被废除的社会里，一个人所做的事情具有社会价值的樗是他的工作得到了报酬。但今天的劳动者可以恰当地称为薪金的奴隶。如果他对社会提供给他的工作不感兴趣，但出于谋生和养家而被迫接受，这个人就称为劳作者。
与劳作相对的是玩，当玩耍时我们在享受，否则是不会去玩的，不过这纯粹是私人活动，社会对你玩或不玩是极不关心的。
处于劳作和玩之间的是工作。如果一个人对社会付酬给他的工作感兴趣的话，他就是工作者；从社会的观点看，工作是必要的劳作也是个人心目中自愿的玩。例如：这个区别不同于体力劳动和脑力劳动之间的区别；一个园艺工人或一个补鞋匠可能是工作者，一个银行职员可能是劳作者。一个人属于哪一种可以从他对休闲的态度看出来。对于工作者来说，休闲只是他为了有效地工作而放松和休息的时间，所以他可能少休息而不是多休闲。工作者可能致于冠状动脉血栓症，忘记妻子的生日。反之，对于劳作者来说，休闲意味着从强迫中的摆脱，因此他们会很自然地想花在工作上的时间越少，自由自在玩的时间越多就越好。
像我这样，幸运地成为工作者的人现代技术社会里占多大比例呢？我猜测为60%并且我认为这个数字将来不可能变大。
技术和劳动分工已产生了两点影响：通过在许多领域里减少对特殊力量和技巧的需求，它们使大量曾经愉快的有偿劳动变成了使人厌烦的工作，通过提高提高生产率减少了一些必要的劳动时间。已经有可能去设想这样一个社会：大多数人，即劳作者，将拥有几乎与早期贵州所享有的一样多的休闲。当一个人回忆过去贵族的所作所为，前景就不会乐观了。的确对于这样一个未来群众社会，应付无聊的问题比起来贵族们可能更困难。例如：后者使他们的时间仪式化，有射猎松鸡的季节、有镇上度日的季节等。群众更可能用时尚取代千篇一律的程式，而尽可能经常地改变时尚也符合某些人的经济利益。同样，群众也不能都有打猎的爱好，因为很快就会没有动物可供射猎。对于其他贵族娱乐活动，像赌博、决斗和战争，可能很容易在危险驾驶、吸毒和愚蠢的暴力行为中找到等价物。工作者很少有暴力行为，因为他们能把进取心放在他们的工作上，不管是铁匠从事的体力劳动，还是科学家或艺术家从事的脑力劳动。“把牙到某个问题中”这条习语很贴切地表示出进取心在智力工作中的作用。
第二篇：本科学位英语翻译短文
1,Concerning in still has quite a few drawbacks china,our practice the current of cultivating education system people 育体制看，我国的人才培养存在弊端从目前的教
While knowledge,our overemphasizing the passing on of development basic education overlooks 我们的基础教育过于强调知识的传授，而of non-intelligence characters.忽视了非智力品格的培养
This ability,and moral make-up of our youngsters.may involve interest,technical 这些非智力品格包括兴趣、技能、以及道德品质的培养
Under important such circumstances,it is therefore test-oriented to education.education accelerate to transition quality-based from 应试教育向素质教育的转变所以，我们的重要这举是要加快
Though adhere it is promote such useful transitionto the easier belief said and than try every done,we means must to 容易做起来难，我们也要坚持这一理念，虽然，说起来尽全力促进这一有益的转变。
2,Everyone 欢善于笑的人loves a good laughter
大家都喜He brings good cheer with him wherever he goes and the very thought of him makes life more 快的欢笑。一想起他就会觉得生活变的比bearable无论他到何处都带着令人愉较可以忍受了
Even today our most highly paid entertainers are comedians者仍然是喜剧演员就在今天，享有高薪的娱乐
In because society laughter became a characteristic 在社会中笑成为一种特性，因为它实质上it is basically a social phenomenon是一种社会现象
Laughter survivedis advantageous;therefore it 来
笑是有益的，所以笑就流传了下3,We 们学会了追赶时间，却没学会耐心等待have learned to rush,but not to wait 我We have higher incomes,but lower morals们拥有的财力越来越多，道德品质却日益我沦丧
We information,to produce more copies,but have build more computers to hold more less 用于储存更多的信息和制造更多的拷贝，communication我们生产更多的电脑而相互之间的交流和沟通却越来越少
We back,but have have been all the meet 球与月球之间，却不乐于穿过马路向新邻the new trouble crossing way to the moon and neighbor我们能够往返于地the street ,to 居问好
We have conquered outer space,but not inner space.内心世界我们可以征服外部空间却慑于走进
4,Everyone aspires for succes望成功
s每个人都渴But without all sunshine not life at allpain,all triumph without shade,all without pleasure 欢乐而无痛苦，只有成功而无失败，并非然而只有阳光而无阴影，failure,is 只有人生
Those who woule attain the heights reached and faculties polished by constant usekept by great men must keep their 取得伟人所获得并保持的成就，他们就必有些人想须不断运用自身才能
My energy,thought advice to you is to concentrate your the business you engage inand capital exclusively upon 你的思想、精力和资本全部集中于你所从我的忠告是：把事的事业上
Resolve improvement,dwell to fight it out,to adopt every the top elite and lead in this lineon best resources,unite 行，就得决心在这一行干出一番事业，采投身于哪一纳每一点建议，采用最好的资源，团结最优秀的人才，做这一行的领导人物
5,Americans high value on intellecttoday don‵t place a very 别看重才智
当今的美国人并不特Out industrialists,not heroes are athletes,entertainers,and 雄并不是学者，而是运动员、演员和企业schotars我们心目中的英家
Even children our schools are where we purser knowledge for the sake of knowledgeto get a practical education.not send our tu 学校也只不过是我们把孩子送去获得实用教育，而不是为了知识而求知的地方
Schools have always been in a society where practical 学校一直处于一个实用性总是高于知识性is more important than intellectual的社会当中
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….3It 媒体；文化是不同国家的人们互相理解的最佳2通过举办文化节，许多中国城市在世界上的知名度提高了；3已经证明，为加深中国人民和世界其它地方人民之间的交流，这是最好的途径之一；4这种交流不仅仅限于文化方面，还扩大到了经济和其它领域5随着经济发展的全球化，文化交流将会扮演更为重要的角色，使人们联系在一起 1Asian controf1….5Meanwhile…..3Because Americans….2Their …
of…4Much 这些贡献包括诸如自然科学、亚裔美国人对美国做出了杰出贡献；医学、法律、2文学、艺术等各个领域；3由于亚裔移民的祖籍国家具有丰富多样的传统，他们大大促进了美国文化的发展、提高了全美国人民的生活水平；4亚裔美国人的成功，多归因于本国传统文化对他们的积极影响；5与此同时，正是由于对外来文化采取友好的接受态度，独特的美国文化才得以形成和发展 1The tui1….4The thirdAmeri…….5No wonder.2One …of…
3High 因为它们是世界上的一流大学；美国人都为他们的大学而自豪，或许是2美国大学的显著特点之一是它们越来越国际化；3学费高是另一个特点；4第三个特点是美国的大学在社会活动中所起的重要作用；5
难怪许多的中国家长，拼尽全力也要供孩
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观点，该观点认为艺术与科学是截然不同贻害甚大的现代偏见之一便是这样一种并基本无法相容的趣好；2我们习以为常地把艺术气质与科学气质对立起来；3我们甚至将此与创造性态度和批判性态度等同视之；4在我们这样一个实行分工的社会中，自然存在着专业化的功能，因为凡事关系到便利；5作为一种便利，也仅仅是作为一种便利，科学功能才不同于艺术功能
1Imagine worlda world…2A world…1…4 A world…5 A world…
3A 主要媒介，现金只是用于平凡而单调的贸想像一下这样的世界：信息成为交换的易；2这个世界通用的语言是信息而不是英语、德语和日语；3这个世界里知识与信息的力量替代了军事力量的威势；4这个世界完全依赖于高技术工具，它们使信息可以在任何时间立即传播到任何地点、任何一个人；5在这个世界里，控制信息就可以控制公众。1In wonderstart…3Things…this…2Small 1…5Everyone ….4We.在受着如何努力的鞭策和教育；这是一个竞争激烈的世界，为此人们都2于是，三岁的孩子就会弹钢琴，五岁的孩子就能上台演出，六岁的孩子就能背诵千首诗，十三四的孩子就上了大学；3这样的事情，如今天下真是太多了；4人们已经大大提前了做事谋生的手段和时间，已经开始提前学习各种技能，以便在社会中谋一席之地；5人人都在激烈的竞争中拼命。世界像一列疯狂的高速列车，一路风驰电掣，随时有脱轨的可能。
第三篇：英语翻译[模版]
Unit 1
1.被警察询问时，杰夫极力保持冷静，沉着地回答每个问题。
Jeff tried to keep his composure and answer every question calmly when inquired by the policeman.2.油价不断上涨，世界各国都不同程度地受到了影响。
With oil prices keeping on increasing, all the countries in the world have been affected(in)one way or another.3.他在会上提出了一系列可能避免环境污染的措施。
At the meeting he proposed a series of measures that might ward off the environmental pollution.4.迈克向他父亲保证他一定会全身心投入到即将到来的比赛上。
Mike assured his father that he would put his whole heart into the coming competition.5.一旦玛丽下定决心，就绝不会动摇。
Mary will never waver once she makes up her mind.Unit 3
1.天气骤然变坏，寻找伤员的工作要加紧进行。
Efforts to reach the injured men should be intensified because of the sudden deterioration in weather conditions.2.有些人可能沉溺于网上冲浪，这会危害他们的身心健康。
Some people may be addicted to net surfing, which impairs their physical and mental health.3.地球和它表面的一切，不管是有生命的还是没有生命的，相互作用来影响我们的生活。
The Earth and everything on it, living and nonliving, interact to exert influence on the life we have.4.穷人和残疾人依靠政府的救济维持生计。
Needy and handicapped people depend on government relief for their support.5.到目前为止，还没有迹象表明人们对此品牌感到疲倦。So far there is no sign of fatigue with the brand.Unit 4
1.在一个没有为高温炎热做好准备的国家，这是紧急事件。
In a country that is not equipped for severe heat, this is an emergency.2.房间里闹哄哄的，他不得不竖起耳朵来听电话。
It was so noisy in the room that he had to pull his ears to hear the phone.3.这是一项令人兴奋的工作，但有几分危险。This is an exciting job, but kind of dangerous.4.很难预测这些事情的结果是什么。
It is hard to predict how these things will turn out.5.谁也不知道怎么办。即使知道也将会是摸着石头过河。
Nobody knows how to figure them out.Even if somebody seems to know, it is still “crossing a river by feeling for the stones”.Unit 6
1.他用冷漠的态度面对别人的侮辱。
He reacted to the insult by acting as cold as ice.2.在生活中，有原则的人宁愿死得有尊严也不愿苟且偷生。
In life, a man of principle prefers to die with dignity instead of living in disgrace.3.几个警察不得不护送这位裁判离开足球场。
Several policemen had to escort the referee from the football field.4.她总觉得自己受制于人。
She always has the feeling that she is being manipulated.5.万一有特殊情况，学生们应该向警察求助。
In case of exceptional circumstances, students should turn to the police for help.
第四篇：英语翻译
精读Unit1 1)Mrs.Smith complained to me that she often found it simply impossible to communicate with her 16-year-old daughter.史密斯太太对我抱怨说，她经常发现与自己十六岁的女儿简直无法沟通。2)I firmly believe that reading simplified English novels is an easy and enjoyable way of enlarging our vocabulary.我坚信，阅读简写的英文小说是扩大我们词汇量的一种轻松愉快的方法。
3)I don’t think we’re doing enough to protect our environment from pollution.我认为我们在保护环境不受污染方面还做得不够。4)Apart from writing compositions on a weekly basis, our English teacher assigned us eight books to read during the summer vacation.除了每周写作文外，我们的英语老师还给我们布置了八本书在暑假里阅读。
5)We’ve learned from reliable sources that a native English speaker is going to teach us spoken English next term/semester.我们从可靠的消息来源获悉下学期一位以英语为母语的人将要教我们英语口语。
6)Seeing English movies on a regular basis will not only improve your ear, but will also help you build your speaking skills.经常看英语电影不仅会提高你的听力，而且还会帮助你培养说的技能。
7)If you have any questions about these learning strategies, please feel free to ask me.And I’ll explain them in greater detail.如果你们对这些学习策略有什么问题，请随便问我。我将更详细地进行讲解。8)The Canadian girl is good at seizing every opportunity to speak Chinese.That’s why she has gained a good command of spoken Chinese in less than three years.那个加拿大女孩善于抓住每个机会讲汉语。这就是她为什么三年不到就熟练地掌握了汉语口语的原因。
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精读Unit4 1)To take this job would involve working on weekends frequently, but John didn't mind。
接受这份工作就得经常在周末上班，但约翰并不在意。2)It is well known that lung cancer is caused at least in part by smoking too much.众所周知，肺癌至少部分地是由于吸烟过多而引起的。3)My grandparents said that the man who invented television had once lived in their neighborhood.我祖父母说，发明电视的那个人曾住在他们那个地段。
4)I propose that we go to find Prof.Smith in his office right after the meeting and invite him to our English evening。
我提议咱们会后马上去办公室找史密斯教授，邀请他参加我们的英语晚会。
5)Having been operated on twice for the disease, she was so weakened that she could barely stand up.她因那病开过两次刀，身体十分虚弱，几乎站不起来。
6)Educators think that the generation growing up with television spends so much of their time in front of the TV that they do not have enough time to study.教育家们认为，伴随着电视机长大的一代人，在电视机前花的时间太多，以致没有足够的时间学习了。
7)I do hope that you can come up with a better solution than this one.我真希望你能拿出一个比这更好的解决办法来。
8)At first glance the picture didn't look very good, but after examining it carefully, we found that it was indeed a masterpiece.乍一看，这幅画并不好，但经过仔细观察，我们才发现它的确是一幅杰作。
精读Unit6 1)It was reported that the building of the railway had been held up by a
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flood.据报道，那条铁路曾因洪水而停止修建。2)The strike resulted in the management's accepting the workers' demands.罢工结果，资方接受了工人的要求。3)The coalminers decided to go on strike for better working conditions.煤矿工人们决定为争取更好的工作条件举行罢工。
4)I'd like very much to buy the English dictionary.Unfortunately, I haven't got enough money on me.我很想买这本英文词典，遗憾的是我身上带的钱不够。
5)I'd like to talk over with you about the English translation of the article before sending it to Mr.Hobbs.我想先和你讨论一下这篇文章的英译稿，然后再把它寄给霍布斯先生。
6)The foreign expert hopes to achieve all his aims in three years.那位外国专家希望在三年内达到所有的目标。
7)What do you think a scientist must do in order to keep up with the latest developments in his field? 一个科学家要跟上本领域的新发展，你认为必须做些什么?
8)The author thinks that if excellent workers get frequent pay increases and promotions, they will have greater incentive to produce.作者认为，如果优秀工人经常得到加薪和提拔，他们就会有更大的生产积极性。
精读unit9 1)Gases such as carbon monoxide, emitted by factories and automobiles, have seriously polluted the atmosphere.工厂和汽车排出的一氧化碳一类气体严重污染了大气。
2)The industrial engineer's letter indicates that he doubts the feasibility of the plan.那位工业管理工程师的来信表明，他对该项计划是否可行有怀疑。3)Many parents in the United States set aside a fund for their children's
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education before they are born.在美国，许多父母在孩子出生之前就为他们的教育留出一笔专款。
4)I have made sure that her conclusion is based on facts.我已了解清楚，她的结论是以事实为根据的。
5)The medical team, composed of three doctors and two nurses, set off for the mountain area a few days ago.几天前，由三位医生和两名护士组成的医疗队出发到山区去了。
6)The village is named after the high mountain that stands in front of it.这个村庄是以矗立在它前面的那座高山命名的。
7)He was ill for about a month, which has really set him back in his studies.他病了一个月左右，这使他在学习上耽误了很多。8)The war that broke out between the North and the South in 1861 is known in history as the American Civil War.南方和北方之间于一八六一年爆发的那场战争在历史上称为“美国内战”。
泛读text1 1)Faced with a lot of evidence, the man had to admit that he was the head of the drug ring.这些人面对许多证据，不得不承认他是贩毒团伙的头目。2)Tommy offered to drive us to the seaside in his car, but insisted we should share the petrol costs.汤米主动提出开他的车送我们去海滨，但坚持要我们分担汽油费。
3)On-the-job smoking is not allowed in our company.So many employees have to give up smoking or reduce the amount they smoke.我们公司不允许上班时吸烟。于是许多雇员不得不戒烟或者减少吸烟量。
4)When you apply for a job, the first thing the employer sees is your resume.当你申请职位时，雇主首先看到你的履历。
5)When you find yourself often upset about small matters, you’d better
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cultivate a hobby.你如果发现自己常为一些小事烦恼，你最好培养一种兴趣爱好。
泛读text8 1）Those who expect to have a good command of English within a few months should bear in mind that there is no short cut in language learning.那些指望在几个月内就掌握英语的人应该记住，语言学习没有捷径可走。
2)It’s a great idea to stay overnight at your house, but I had better talk it over with my parents in case they don’t agree.在你家过夜是个好主意，但是我最好还是跟我父母商量一下，以防他们不同意。
3)He advised me to make sure that the second-hand car was in good condition before I made a decision to buy it.他忠告我在决定买那辆二手车前先弄清楚车况是否良好。
4)If you don’t cut in half the numbers of the courses you’re going to take next semester, I’m sure you will be weighed down.如果你不把下学期要选的课程门数减半，我肯定到时你会累垮。
5.As for my house in the countryside, I only live there every summer;I don’t intend to move in for good.至于我在乡下的那套房子，我只是每年夏天去住一下，并不打算永久迁人。
泛读text19
1)Employees hate seeing their boss walking in and out of their office without even giving them a glance
雇员们最讨厌看见老板进进出出办公室二不屑看他们一眼。
2)If we stay up till three in the morning, we’ll be able to hear the American election results.如果我们熬到凌晨3点，就能听到美国大选的结果。3)A policeman has to know as much law as a professional lawyer.He should know what actions are crimes and what evidence he should gather to prove the crimes in courts.一名警察必须像一位职业律师一样通晓法律。
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他应当知道什么行为是犯罪，他应当收集什么样的证据在法庭上证实这些罪行。
4)Your father is talking business with his colleagues in the study.So don’t bother him.你父亲在书房里和他的同事谈正事，请不要打捞他。5)Mary and I are good friends.We can read each other’s minds and know each other’s deepest secrets.玛丽和我是好朋友。我们能看出彼此的心事，并知道对方心中深藏的秘密。
6)We have to increase our sales one way or another.We can sell our sportswear through big department stores and supermarkets instead of the small, specialist shops.无论如何我们得扩大营销量。我们可以通过大百货商场和超市而不是小的专卖店来出售我们的运动服。
泛读text24 1)Each day there are a good number of people on their way to somewhere around the world.Some are travelling for pleasure, while others on business.每天都有很多人到世界各地旅行。有的外出游玩，有的因公出差。
2)When we were travelling in Europe, we usually rode in the train from one country to another.我们在欧洲旅行的时候，通常都是乘火车从一个国家到另一个国家。
3)He drew me a map to make sure I could easily find his apartment.为了确保我能轻松的找到他住的公寓，他给我画了张地图。
4)It’s good manners to tip a waiter or waitress for the service you have received when you dine out.在外用餐的时候，为你所得到的服务而付给服务生一些小费是一种礼貌。
5)The worst thing about working in the shop is that you’re on your feet all day.商店里工作最让人受不了的是你得整天站着。
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第五篇：英语翻译
英译中
1.At the foot of the Mt.Huangshan(黄山), in the bend of Xin’an River(新安江), lies the beautiful mountain town called “Tunxi”(“屯溪”).在黄山脚下，新安江湾，坐落着一个美丽的山镇“屯溪”。
2.The Old Street of Tunxi(屯溪老街)is located in the old city.The street starts in the west at Zhenhai Bridge(镇海桥), a stone arch bridge built during the Ming Dynasty, and ends in the east at the Memorial Archway(牌坊碑).Its total length is about 1.5km and the street is laid with slab stones(用石板铺成).屯溪老街位于老街旧城，西起明代修建的石拱桥镇海桥，东止牌坊碑，全长1.5公里。街道全部用石板铺成。
3.There are hundreds of old but well preserved rows of shops, evoking a bygone era in buildings that are simple and elegant(淡雅古朴).The shops, workshops and residences have continued to maintain the special layout of ancient stores such as shop in the front and workshop or house in the back(前店后坊、前店后户).街道两旁是数百家店铺，鳞次栉比，保存完好，透溢出一股过去那种淡雅古朴的建筑风韵。店铺、仓库和居所仍然保持了古代商铺那种前店后坊、前店后户的特殊结构。
4.Situated at the confluence(交汇处)of the Dongting Lake(洞庭湖)and the Yangtze River(长江)in the north-eastern Hunan Province, Yueyang is a celebrated ancient city of culture.It has been known for “the waters of Dongting are well-known across the land;the tower of Yueyang is simply beyond compare”(“洞庭天下水，岳阳天下楼”)to the world.岳阳位于湖南省东北部，洞庭湖与长江交汇处，是一座文化古城，素有“洞庭天下水，岳阳天下楼”之美誉。
5.Yueyang Tower stands on the west gate of the old city.It is a three-story wooden structure(纯木结构建筑), 19 meters tall, with upturned eaves and a helmet shaped roof(飞檐盔顶), supported by four pillars.The structure is a unique combination of artistic taste, mechanics, architecture, and craftsmanship.After you ascend the tower you will have a spectacular view of the Dongting Lake.岳阳楼矗立在老城的西城门上，是一座三层纯木结构建筑，由4根大柱子支撑，有19米高，飞檐盔顶，工艺独特，造型精美。登楼可以欣赏美丽的洞庭风光。
6.The predecessor(前身)of Yueyang Tower was a structure built By Lu Su(鲁肃)in the Three Kingdoms Period(三国时期)for reviewing military parades.It was expanded into a tower in 716 by Zhang Shuo(张说)and given its present name.岳阳楼的前身是三国时期鲁肃修建的阅兵台。公元716年，张说在此扩建成楼，并命名为岳阳楼。
7、The snow scene of the West Lake enjoyed very high praise, especially the view of “melting snow at broken bridge”(“断桥残雪”)is unique in the winter of the West Lake.西湖雪景最是为人称道，而“断桥残雪”又为西湖冬季的一处独特景观。
8.Why it is called as “malting snow on the broken bridge”, there are different sayings(众说纷纭).One of them is that it snows almost every winter in Hangzhou.“断桥残雪”得名由来，众说纷纭。一说每至冬令时节，杭州必会白雪皑皑。
9.When the sun comes out after snowfall, the snow on the sunny side of the bridge(桥阳面)melts first, while the snow on the shady side still lingers.每当瑞雪初晴，桥阳面冰雪消融，而桥阴面仍然玉砌银铺。
10.Zhouzhuang Town(周庄镇)is located 38 kilometers southeast of Suzhou City，33 kilometers southwest of Kunshan City(昆山市).With a history of more than 900 years, it is just like a pearl set near the bank of Dianshan Lake(淀山湖).周庄镇位于苏州城东南38公里，昆山市境内西南33公里，宛如一颗灿烂明珠镶嵌在淀山湖畔，已有九百余年的历史。
11.The river course of the town takes the shape of Chinese Character “#”(呈井字型).Houses are all built along the river.Over sixty percent of dwelling-houses out of almost one thousand were built in the Ming or Qing dynasties.古镇区内河道呈井字型，民居依河筑屋，依水成街。镇上近千户人家明清建筑占百分之六十以上。
12.Over the river are 14 bridges built in the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, among which there is a unique bridge in China-Fu’an Bridge(富安桥)and the world famous Double Bridge(双桥).河道上横跨14座建于元、明、清代的古桥梁，其中有国内仅存的富安桥和闻名中外的双桥。
13.The Zhang’s Residence was built by Xu Kui’s descendants.The folk sayings that “The sedans enter the front door while boats pass through the house” define its architectural characteristics.徐逵后裔(descendants)建有张厅(The Zhang’s Residence)，民间所说“轿从前门进，船从家中过”(“The sedans enter the front door while boats pass through the house”)生动形象地描绘了其建筑特色。
14.The Shen’s Residence which has 7 courtyards with 5 doors was built by Shen Wansan’s descendants.In addition, there is Ye Chucang’s Former Residence.沈万山(Shen Wansan)后裔建有七进五门楼的沈厅(The Shen’s Residence), 这里还有叶楚伧故居(Ye Chucang’s Former Residence)等。
15.Mt.Huangshan has all the charm of landscape in China while Zhouzhuang boasts all the beautiful features of Chinese water town.Zhouzhuang is worth of the fame as the “first water town in China.”
黄山集中国山川之美，周庄集中国水乡之美。周庄被誉为“中国第一水乡”(the “first water town in China”)，名不虚传。
16.Mt.Taishan is located in the center of Shandong Province spanning(跨越)the cities of Taian(泰安)and Jinan(济南), extending for total area of 250 kilometers.泰山位于山东省中部，跨越泰安、济南两市。总面积250平方公里。
17.It boasts of a wealth of natural legacies(自然遗产).A large number of scenic spots were given names since ancient times.They include 112 peaks, 98 precipitous ridges, 18 rock caves, 58 odd shaped rocks, 102 streams and valleys, 56 pools and waterfalls, 64 springs.她拥有丰富的自然遗产。景区内自古命名的山峰112座，崖岭98座，岩洞18处，奇石58块，溪谷102条，潭池瀑布56处，山泉64处。
18.There are 989 species of plants falling into 114 families, and vegetation coverage(植被覆盖率)of 79.9 percent.泰山共有植物144科，989种，植被覆盖率为79.9％。
19.Mt.Qingcheng(青城山)is situated 63 kilometers west of Chengdu(成都).Characterized by its secluded and quiet environment, the scenic area is surrounded by ring-shaped peaks(群峰环绕).青城山坐落于成都市西郊63公里处，群峰环绕，环境幽静，尽显清幽本色。
20.It enjoys equal fame for steepness with Jianmen(剑门), for elegance with Mt.Emei(峨眉)and for grandeur with Kuimen(夔门).It has been widely acclaimed as the “most secluded mountain under the heaven”(“青城天下幽”).青城山之幽，与剑门之险，峨眉之秀，夔门之雄齐名，素有“青城天下幽”之美誉。
21.In Chinese Qingcheng literally means “green city”(“绿色的城郭”).Mt.Qingcheng gets its name because the main scenic spots such as the Tianshi Cave(天师洞)are all surrounded by 36 mountain peaks with their forests of lush evergreen trees encircling each spot like a city wall.青城山顾名思义，意为“绿色的城郭”，其主要景点如天师洞青山环列，树木葱翠，三十六座山峰层峦迭嶂，状若城郭，故此得名。
中译英
1.屯溪老街多数房屋仅为三层，具有鲜明的徽派建筑特色：白粉墻、小青瓦、雕梁画栋。
Most of the buildings are only three stories high in the Old Street of Tunxi.They are decorated with white walls, small green tiles, wood carvings in the distinct Hui style.2.老街是一条商业步行街。安徽、江浙、福建的商人在此聚集，摩肩接踵，一派“清明上河图”的景象。
The Old Street is a commercial street that is only for pedestrians.The merchants from Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and Fujian provinces jostle each other in a crowd that resembles the “Along the River During the Qingming Festival”.3.一位西欧建筑家到老街时说，在这里他找到了“东方古罗马”。
An ancient Western-European architect once visited the Old Street and said that he had found “the Eastern Ancient Rome.”
4.1044年，宋代官员滕子京谪守巴陵郡，重修了岳阳楼，并于翌年请当时著名的政治家、文学家范仲淹撰文以记之。
In 1044, Teng Zijing, a Song Dynasty official, was banished to Baling Prefecture and renovated the tower.The following year he asked Fan Zhongyan, a well-known statesman and man of letters of the time, to write an essay to mark the renovated tower.5.这篇名为《岳阳楼记》的文章语言精美，思想深邃，其文学成就无以伦比，因而名扬四方。
The essay entitled Notes on Yueyang Tower, is considered matchless in literary achievement and profound thought, has made the theme of his writing famous far and wide.6.文中一幅对子“先天下这忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”为每个中国人所熟悉。
One couplet in the essay, “Be concerned before anyone else becomes concerned;enjoy yourself only after everyone else finds enjoyment.” has become familiar to every Chinese
7.从附近小山上极目远眺，那小桥好似桥断一般。
Looked at a distance or from a nearby hill, the little bridge appears to be broken.8.待到冬日雪霁，伫立桥头，放眼四望，远山银装素裹，更加妩媚迷人，是欣赏西湖雪景之佳地。
On fine winter days after a snow, you may stand on the bridge to feast your eyes on the snow scene far and near.Distant hills, clad in white, grow more enchanting.It is a best venue for you to watch the snow scene of the West Lake.9.而中国民间传说“白蛇传”又为断桥景物增添了些许浪漫色彩。
The Chinese folk story “The Tale of White Snake” brings the broken bridge some romance.10.泰山古称岱山(Daishan)，春秋时期被尊为(revered as)东岳(East Sacred Mountain)。其山势磅礴雄伟，峰峦突兀峻拔(abruptly rising)，景色壮丽。
Mt.Taishan was known in ancient times as Daishan and revered as the East Sacred Mountain in the Spring and Autumn Period.It presents the loftiness and grandeur with abruptly rising majestic peaks and crests.The sceneries are spectacular.11.中国历代帝王秦始皇、汉武帝、唐玄宗、清帝乾隆等均曾到泰山封禅(hold grand sacrificial ceremonies)，历代七十二君主到此祭告天地(offer sacrifices to heaven and earth)。
Many Chinese emperors including Qin Shihuang, Wu Di of the Han Dynasty, Xuan Zong of the Tang Dynasty and Qian Long of the Qing Dynasty held grand sacrificial ceremonies on its summit.All through the dynasties 72 emperors had come here to offer sacrifices to heaven and earth.12.风景区拥有延续数千年的历史文化遗产。现有古建筑群22处，古遗址97处，历代碑碣(commemorative stone tablets)819块，历代刻石(inscribed rocks)1800余处。
With Cultural legacies handing down through thousands of years, the scenic area houses 22 groups of ancient architectures, 97 ancient remains, 819 commemorative stone tablets and 1,800 inscribed rocks.13.青城山位于四川省西部，群峰环绕，清幽隐逸(tranquil and secluded)，林木清幽，是著名的旅游景点和避暑胜地(summer resort)。
The ring-shaped hills, tranquil and secluded, covered with luxuriant vegetation, make Mt.Qingcheng in the western part of Sichuan Province, a famous tourist site and summer resort.14.作为一座道教名山(a famous Taoist mountain)，道教的发祥地和道教发展的重要基地，青城山已有两千多年的历史了。青城山以其清幽的环境和其在道教中的重要性而独具一格(unique)。
As the birthplace of Taoism and an important base of Taoism development, it has been a famous Taoist mountain for almost 2000 years.Mt.Qingching is unique for its secluded environment and for its Taoist significance.15.1982年，青城山被国务院(State Council)评定为全国首批重点风景名胜区(China National Key Tourist Resort)。2000年，青城山和都江堰(Dujiangyan Irrigation Project)联名被联合国教科文组织(UNESCO)列入世界文化遗产名录(List of World Cultural Heritage)。
In 1982, it was ratified as one of first group of China National Key Tourist Resorts by the State Council.In 2000, together with the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project, it was inscribed on the List of World Cultural Heritage by UNESCO.
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