第一篇：全新版大学英语综合教程第一册课后答案
unit 1 Vocabulary: I.1).respectable 2).agony 3).put down 4).sequence 4).rigid 5).hold back 6).distribute 7).off and on
8).vivid
9).associate 10).finally 11).turn in
12).tackle 2.1)has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office
2)was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not 3)a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time 4)gave the command the soldiers opened fire 5)buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out 3.1)reputation/rigid /
to inspire
2)and tedious /
what’s more / out of date ideas
3)compose / career / avoid showing / hardly hold back II.1).composed
2).severe 3)agony 4).extraordinary
5).recall 6).Command
7).was violating 8).anticipate III.1.at 2.for 3.of
4.with 5.as 6.about 7.to 8.in 9.from 10.on/upon Comprehensive Exercises
(A)
(1)hold back
(2)tedious
(3)scanned(4)recall(5)vivid
(6)off and on(7)turn out/in
(8)career
(B)
(1)last
(2)surprise
(3)pulled
(4)blowing(5)dressed(6)scene(7)extraordinary
(8)image
(9)turn
(11)excitement
II.1)As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2)His girlfriend advised him to get rid of /get out of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3)Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4)It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5)It is reported that government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage./The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.Unit 2
I.Vocabulary :
1.1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then
4)are urging/ urged
5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead
2.1)It seemed that his failure in the examination was still on his mind.2)He was completely chocked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game.3)She was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner.4)Something has come up and I am afraid i won't be able to accomplish the project on time.5)The cost of equipping the new hospital was estimated at $2 million.3.1)were postponed...the awful...is estimated
2)reference...not available...am kind of
3)not much of a teacher...skips...go head
II.1.to;2.for;3.at;4.from;5.in;6.to;7.on;8.with III.1).more or less;2).kind of/ sort of
3).Something
4).kind of/ sort of 5).more or less
6).or something Comprehensive Exercises: I.(A)1)choked up 2)awful 3)practically 4)neighborhood 5)correspondence 6)available
7)destination 8)reunion 9)Mostly 10)postponing 11)absolutely
(B)1)how 2)savings 3)embarrassment
4)phone 5)interrupted 6)touch
7)envelope
8)signed
9)message
10)needed
II.1)Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet.We had to walk home.2)Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by heart.3)Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum.4)He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through World War II.5)Since I graduated from nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.2.It is not easy to keep in touch with friends when they are far away.This is certainly true in my case.It has been a couple of years since I left my old meighborhood and all the friends I had there.I've been meaning to write to them but something or other comes up and I just don't seem to find the time.They are always on my mind, however, and I think I will certainly make an effort to keep up correspondence with them in future.Unit 3 Vocabulary: I: 1)brief
2)in terms of
3)cut…off
4)tend
5)anyway 6)precise
7)in the form of
8)initiative 9)convey
10)in two minds 11)concept 12)grasp 1.1)…has ensured their team a place in the Cup Final.2)….medical workers’ responsibility to heal the wounded and rescure the dying.3)…..entertain as well as educate the learner.4)….can do without air and water.5)… is likely to be held in June 2.1)lies in ….contact between
2)basis of ….is likely….sufficient ….at the moment
3)the steady ….ensures…will be highly II.1.regained
2.undecided
3.undersupplied 4.disabled….5.precondition 6.foresight
7.mispronounced
8.enrich 1)majority 2)accepted 3)increased 4)weakness 5)local/regional6)late
7)wrong
8)false Comprehensive Exercises:(A)1)highly;2)bring about 3)evident 4）rate 5)sufficient;6)put across 7)proportion8)Hence,9)ensure(B)1)understand 2)tracel 3)practical 4)use 5)Another 6)likely 7)affect 8)developments 9)supply 10)Someday 1.1)As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.2)Competition for these jobs is very tough----we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.3)As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economic development.4)The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.5)To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about.Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life.The majority didn’t even have sufficient food, not to speak of/ let alone the privilege of being educated.However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems.They want to slow down the rate of progress.But no one can put the clock back.Unit 4 Language sense enhancement.passed away
grew in stature
proud
route
values and principle
above all
bottom
tiny
giant
balance sheets Vocabulary.1.wreck
balance
approaching
handle
discard
Above all
diet
do with
checked on
clean up
weekly
principle
2.<1> to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been/was determined that all the people in the sunken ship had died.<2> was amazed that bob left a well-paid job to travel around the world.<3> for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee.<4>express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.<5> will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.3.for sale
hunting for
be amazed by become skilled
handle their
loans
character
by calling on
he passes away Confusable words.1.personal
personnel
2.sometime
sometimes some time
sometime Ⅲ.d e
h
c g a b
f Cloze 1.sponsored
determination
turned away assumed
capacity
skilled
loan
character
hunting
for sale
send for
save
recent
modest grow dream
immigrant
business engineering
invest
rich <1> It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.<2> Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.<3> Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property.<4> I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself reading it.<5> Helen lacks confidence.I’ve never known anyone so unsure of herself.Translation After graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business.At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan.But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help.Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money.Now he has become a wealthy businessman.Talking about his amazing achievement, Tony puts great emphasis on the importance of creating, rather than waiting for opportunities.Unit 5 Vocabulary: 1.monthly，2.acquaintances，3.classic，4.look in the eye 5.manufacured
6.options
7.finance
8.replacement
9.survived
10.pick out
11.married
12.grabbed at Rewrite: 1.survived a car crash that killed both her parents.2.almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read my poem out to the whole class.3.of the Children’s Hospital will care for the seriously injured pupils./ 4.several phone calls making inquiries about the position of Chief Financial Officer.5.straighten out all your financial problems if you join our club.Complete: 1.injury, died of hunger, people survived
2.instantly, give up his, retire, replace him, executive
3.his beloved, odd jobs, and all that Suffixation: 1.embarrassment
2.survivors, newly，4.marketable
5.monthly
6.competition，7.conceivable
8.respectable Usage: 1.the poor, 2 the deceasedthe dead
3.the disabled 4.the French , 5 the accused
6.the young.7.the unemployed the latter….the former Cloze: 1.died of 2.instantly, 3 classic，4.ask around, 5.surviving 6.retire
7.executive, 8 replacement
stock look in the eye 1 impressed 2 diligence 3 instead 4 contrary 5 professionally 6 perform personal balance commitment 10 revealed Translation: 1.I’m not sure where you can find a good carpenter----you’d better ask around.2.Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the wall.3.Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.4.As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.5.We small retailers can’t compete with supermarkets in pricing and sales.My dad is a hard-working executive of a manufacturing firm.He works six days a week.Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems so that he often stays up late/nights.However, he tries his best to balance/maintain a balance between work and family.On Sundays my dad usually stays at home and cares for us as much as he can.To my greatest joy, he cooks our favorite dishes and plays ball with us.Unit 6 1.1)fertile 2)reflected
3)overseas
4)slim
5)split
6)sustained
7)glow 8)thrust
9)keen 10)bud 11)previous
12)whichever
2.1)…of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me.2)…corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother.3)….is best located at an isolated place far from cities.4)…was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn’t hear Martin come in.5)… players grip the ball.3 1)to broaden … make their way
2)disgusts ….take a chance on 3)the grand … and overseas ….reflected II.1.1).frightened 2).afraid/frightened 2.1).alike/similar 2)similar
3.1)alive
2)living
4.1)sleeping 2)asleep III.1.1)disappointed 2)disappointment3)disappointing 4)disappoint 5)disappointingly 6)disappointing
2.1)attractive 2)attract 3)attraction 4)attractively 5)unattractively 6)unattractive Comprehensive Exercises: 1.(1)—(10)identifying, gripped, margins, corresponding, overseas, more than a little, hesitated, grateful, made my way, going my way 2.(1)---(10)first, ring, Nor, another, threw, deliberately, reasoned, himself, restaurant, matter Translation: 1.Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2.Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you(for it).3.At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4.The management has agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5.It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others.Previous to/ before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study.From then on he sent them money regularly.Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.
第二篇：全新版大学英语综合教程第一册习题答案
全新版大学英语（第二版）综合教程 1 课文翻译
Unit 1 Vocabulary I 1.1)respectable 2)agony 3)put down 4)sequence 5)hold back 6)distribute 7)off and on 8)vivid 9)associate 10)finally 11)turn in 12)tackle 2.1)has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office.2)was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not.3)a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’ time.4)gave the command the soldiers opened fire.5)buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out.3.1)reputation, rigid, to inspire 2)and tedious, What’s more, out of date ideas 3)compose, career, avoid showing , hardly hold back II 1.compsed 2.severe 3 agony 4extraordinary 5 recall 6 command 7 was violating 8 anticipate III 1 at 2 for 3 of 4 with 5 as 6 about 7 to 8 in, in 9 from 10 on/upon Comprehensive Exercises I Cloze A(1)hold back(2)tedious(3)scanned(4)recall(5)vivid(6)off and on(7)turn out/in(8)career B(1)last(2)surprise(3)pulled(4)blowing(5)dressed(6)scene(7)extraordinary(8)image(9)turn(10)excitement II Translation 1.1)As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2)His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3)Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4)It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules./Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules.5)It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a-severe water shortage./The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.2.Susan lost her legs because of/ in a car accident.For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never(be able to)walk again.One day, while scanning through some magazines, a true story caught her eye.It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer.Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be able to lead a useful life.Unit 2 Vocabulary I 1.1)absolutely 2)available 3)every now and then 4)are urging/ urged 5)destination 6)mostly 7)hangs out 8)right away 9)reunion 10)or something 11)estimate 12)going ahead 2.(1)in the examination was still on his mind(2)was completely choked up by the sight of his team losing in the final minutes of the game.(3)was so lost in study that she forgot to have dinner.(4)has come up and I am afraid I won’t be able to accomplish the project on time.(5)of equipping the new hospital was estimated at $ 2 million.3 1)were postponed, the awful, is estimated 2)reference, not available, am kind of 3)not much of a teacher , skips, go ahead II collocation 1 to, 2 for, 3 at, 4 from, 5 in, 6 to, 7 on, 8 with III Usage 1 more or less, 2.kind of/ sort of 3 Something 4 kind of/ sort of 5.more or less 6.or something Comprehensive ExercisesI(1)choked up(2)
awful
(3)practically
(4)neighborhood
(5)correspondence(6)available(7)destination(8)reunion(9)Mostly(10)postponing(11)absolutely Theme-related(1)how(2)saving(3)embarrassment(4)phone(5)interrupted(6)touch(7)envelope(8)signed(9)message(10)needed Translation I、1、Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet.We had to walk home.2、Mary looks as if she is very worried about the Chinese exam because she hasn’t learned the texts by heart.3、Since the basketball match has been postponed, we might as well visit the museum.4、He stayed in Australia with his parents all the way through World War II.5、Since I graduated from Nanjing University in 1985, I have kind of lost touch with my classmates.II、It is not easy to keep in touch with friends when they are far away.This is certainly true in my case.It has been a couple of years since I left my old neighborhood and all the friends I had there.I’ve been meaning to write to them but something or other comes up and I just don’t seem to find the time.They are always on my mind, however, and I think I will certainly make an effort to keep up correspondence with them in future.Unit 3 Vocabulary 1 1)brief 2)in terms of 3)cut off 4)tend 5)anyway 6)precise 7)in the form of 8)initiative 9)convey 10)in two minds 11)concept 12)grasp 2 1)has ensured their team a place in the Cup final.2)medical workers’ responsibility to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.3)entertain as well as educate the learner.4)can do without air and water.5)is likely to be held in June.31)lies in contact between 2)basis of is likely sufficient at the moment 3)the steady will be highly II Word Formation 1 regained 2 undecided 3 undersupplied 4 disabled 5 precondition 6 foresight 7 mispronounced 8 enrich IIIAntonyms 1)majority 2)accpeted 3)increased 4)weaknesses 5)local 6)late 7)wrong 8)false Comprehensive exercises I Close 1.Text-related 1)highly 2)bring about 3)evident 4)rate 5)sufficient 6)put across 7)proportion 8)Hence 9)ensure 2.Theme-related 1)understand 2)travel 3)practical 4)use 5)Another 6)likely 7)affect 8)developments 9)supply 10)Someday II Translation 1)As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.2)Competition for these jobs is very tough –we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/ there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.3)As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economical development.4)The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.5)To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.2 It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about.Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life.The majority didn’t even have sufficient food, not to speak of/ let alone the privilege of being educated.However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems.They want to slow down the rate of progress.But no one can put the clock back.Unit 4 Vocabulary 1)wreck 2)balance 3)approaching 4)handle 5)discard 6)Above all 7)diet 8)do with 9)checked on 10)cleaned up 11)weekly 12)principles 2.1)to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been/was determined that all the people in the sunken ship had died.2)was amazed that Bob left a well-paid job travel around the world.3)for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee.4)express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.5)will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.3.1)for sale hunting for be amazed by 2)become skilled handle their loans 3)character by calling on he passed away II Confusable words 1.1)personal 2)personnel 2.1)sometime 2)Sometimes 3)some time 4)sometime III Euphemism de hcgabf Comprehensive Exercises I Close 1.Text-related 1)sponsored 2)determination 3)turned away 4)assumed 5)capacity 6)skilled 7)loan 8)character 9)hunting 10)for sale 11)send for 2.Theme-related 1)save 2)recent 3)modest 4)grow 5)dream 6)immigrants 7)business 8)engineering 9)invest 10)rich III Translation 1)It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.2)Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.3)Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disaters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property.4)I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself reading it.5)Helen lacks confidence.I’ve never known anyone so unsure of herself.2.After graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business.At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan.But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help.Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money.Now he has become a wealthy businessman.Talking about his amazing achievement, Tony says that it is important to create rather than wait for opportunities.Unit 5 Vocabulary I.1 1)monthly 2)acquaintances 3)classic 4)look;in the eye 5)manufactured 6)options 7)finance 8)replacement 9)survived 10)pick out 11)married 12)grabbed at 2.1)survived a car crash that killed both her parents.2)almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read my poem out to the whole class.3)of the Children’s Hospital will care for the seriously injured pupils.4)several phone calls making inquiries about the position of the Chief Financial Officer.5)straighten out all your financial problems if you join our club.3.1)inquiry;died of hunger;people survied2)Instantly;give up his;retire;replace him;executive 3)his beloved;odd jobs;and all that II Word Formation 1.embarrassment 2.survivors 3.newly 4.marketable 5.monthly 6.competition 7.conceivable 8.respectable III.Usage 1.the poor 2.The deceased/The dead 3.the disabled 4.the French 5.The accused 6.the young 7.the unemployed 8.the latter…the former… Comprehensive Exercises I.Cloze 1.Text-related 1)died of 2)instantly 3)classic 4)ask around 5)surviving 6)retire 7)executive 8)replacement 9)stock 10)look…in the eye 2.Theme-related 1)impressed 2)diligence 3)Instead 4)Contrary 5)professionally 6)perform 7)personal 8)balance 9)commitment 10)revealed II.Translation 1.1)I’m not sure where you can find a good carpenter---you’d better ask around.2)Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the wall.3)Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.4)As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.5)We small retailers can’t compete with supermarkets in pricing and sales.2.My dad is a hard-working executive of a manufacturing firm.He works six days a week.Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems so that he often stays up late/nights.However, he tries his best to balance/maintain balance between work and family.On Sundays my dad usually stays at home and cares for us as much as he can.To my greatest joy, he cooks our favorite dished and plays ball with us.Unit 6 The company man Vocabulary Ⅰ 1.1)Fertile 2)Reflected 3)Overseas 4)Slim 5)Split 6)Sustained 7)Glow 8)Thrust 9)Keen 10)Bud 11)Previous 12)Whichever 2.1)The sickly smell of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me.2)Mary stopped corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother.3)A radio transmitter is best located at an isolated place far from cities.4)I was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn’t hear Martin come in.5)The rough surface of the basketball helps players grip the ball.3.1)to broaden;make their way 2)disgusts;take a chance on 3)the grand;and overseas;reflected Ⅱ 1.1)frightened 2)afraid/ frightened 2.1)alike/similar 2)similar 3.1)alive 2)living 4.1)sleeping 2)asleep Ⅲ 1.1)disappointed 2)disappointment 3)disappointing 4)disappoint 5)disappointingly 6)disappointing 2.1)attractive 2)attract 3)attraction 4)attractively 5)unattractively 6)unattractive Comprehension Exercises ⅠCloze 1.Text-related 1)Identifying 2)gripped 3)margins 4)corresponding 5)overseas 6)little 7)hesitate 8)grateful 9)made my way 10)going my way 2.Theme-related 1)first 2)ring 3)Nor 4)another 5)threw 6)deliberately 7)reasoned 8)himself 9)restaurant 10)matter ⅡTranslation 1.1)Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2)Never tell my parents about my injuries and I’ll be very grateful to you(for it).3)At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4)The management has/have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5)It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.2.Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others.Previous to/Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study.From then on he sent them money regularly.Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.Unit 7 Vocabulary 1.1)go(very)far 2)has expanded 3)in the interest(s)of 4)only to 5)encountered 6)has cooperated 7)assessed 8)(had)switched 9)horizons 10)gaze 11)disaster 12)wiped out 2.1)… a long/long running controversy over whether the book should be published or not 2)… felt relieved after her first meeting with Tom had gone smoothly 3)...suddenly went wrong with my computer when I was in the middle of writing the essay 4)… is obvious that our company is still maintaining its composition as market leader in software.5)… give in until they give her a pay rise 3.1)have undertaken, original, to explore 2)evidence convinced, underneath, extending to 3)to negotiate, encounter, to figure out, explore II.Confusable Words 1.firstly 2.first, first 3.At first 4.First/Firstly 5.first 6.First 7.at first 8.first III.Usage 1.animal intelligence whose 2.zoo keeper where 3.eye contact through what 4.money supply of what 5.killer whale what kind 6.baby whale how old 7.family member of what 8.sea turtle what kind/where Comprehensive Exercises I.Cloze 1.(1)emergency(2)evidence(3)original(4)sizing up(5)negotiates(6)reveal(7)make a deal(8)dominant(9)in their interest(s)(10)deceiving(11)controversy(12)judgment(13)explore 2.(1)protect(2)However(3)type(4)situation(5)sights(6)together(7)rang(8)associate(9)without(10)environment II.Translation 1.1)A local business undertook the project but went bankrupt before it was completed.2)Let’s make a deal—you wash my car, and I’ll let you use it tonight.3)We got to the village which we thought must have been wiped out in the severe earthquake, only to find it slightly damaged.4)My garden is dry and shady—few plants thrive in that condition 5)Mystery still surrounds the exact truth behind the film star’s death/exact circumstance of the film star’s death.2.When I was young I used to visit the zoo in my hometown.There what attracted me most was a couple of tigers, especially the male.They were dept in a huge iron cage at first, but later were released from it and moved to a place called Tiger Hill.Twenty years later I revisited the zoo and was relieved to find Tiger Hill was still there, but greatly extended.Moving around now were six tigers, old and young, instead of two!
Unit 8 Vocabulary I 1.1 industrial 2.idle 3.is functioning 4.intellectual 5.scared 6.handful 7.luxury 8.private 9.work up 10.slice11.miracle 12.was jammed 2.1.to be seriously affected by the rise in gas prices。2.is a matter of total indifference to me.3.drove home the point that they needed extra people 4.was found after they searched for it for a long time 5.had run out of water by the time they got to the camp 3.1.manual and complex its financial 2.was very upset make a living by swore was/became much better off 3.handful ignorant of paintings/ works summed up II 1.The young man made $5 an hour in his summer job.2.What made you change your mind? 3.I’m sure Jason will make a good lawyer.4.The vet put something down the dog’s throat to make it vomit.5.The story makes interesting reading.6.Five and five make ten.7.On foot they can only make about 20 miles a day.8.I don’t think she’ll ever really make it to the top III 1(1)developing(2)develop(3)development(4)develop(5)developing developed 2(1)amazed(2)amazes(3)amazingly(4)amazing(5)amazement Comprehensive exercise I.CLOZE 1.TEXT-RELATED(1)complex(2)idle(3)make a living by(4)accumulated(5)affect(6)function(7)faculties(8)ignorant(9)wake up 2.THEME-RELATED(1)dormitory(2)passing(3)leaping(4)department(5)burned(6)destroyed(7)seriously(8)marriages(9)report(10)perspective II TRANSLATION 1)Without his personal file, an applicant can hardly expect to get/ be employed as a teacher.2)With enough ice, we would be able to chill the drinks.3)In my humble opinion, reading us the most pleasant way to spend one’s leisure.4)Some people said it was simply a miracle that the American athlete Michael Phelps won eight gold medals at the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games.5)The washing machine has broken down, so we have to wash our clothes by hand.This morning I heard an interesting piece of news over my portable radio: a man of 36 and his son of 10 attend the same class competing with each other for high marks.The story goes/ It’s like this: The man, Li Wei by name, was too idle to learn anything when young.With little education, with no useful skills, he could hardly earn an adequate living wage.His life experiences drove home to him the point that he had to acquire knowledge before he was able to accumulate wealth.So Li Wei swore that he would go to school with his son, determined to learn.
第三篇：全新版大学英语综合教程3课后答案
全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
UNIT 1 Vocabulary I.1.1)on balance 5)illustrated 9)involved 2)resist 6)budget 10)economic 3)haul 7)lowering 11)blasting 4)wicked 8)boundary 12)just about 2.1)cut back/ down 2)pick up 3)get by 4)get through 5)face up to 6)turn in 7)making up for 8)think up 3.1)pursued his mathematical studies and taught himself astronomy 2)often generate misleading thoughts 3)attach great importance to combining theory with practice in our work 4)be suspected of doing everything for money 5)before he gets through life 4.1)their indoor, a profit, to invest in 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
2)device, the improvement, on a global scale 3)stacked, temptation, never dined out II Confusable Words 1.1)house 2)Home 3)home, family 4)household 2.1)doubt 2)suspect 3)doubted 4)suspected 5)suspect III.Word Formation 1)rise 2)final 3)regular 4)cash 5)hows, whys 6)upped 7)yellowed 8)bottled 9)lower 10)search Comprehensive Exercises I.Cloze 1.Text-related 1)get by 2)temptation 3)get through 4)improvements 5)aside from 6)suspect 7)supplement 8)profit 9)stacking 2.(Theme-related)1)replaced 2)consider 3)quit 4)world 5)tough 6)fuels 7)provide 8)luxuries 9)balance 10)ideal II.Translation 1.We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor.2.My father died when I was too young to live on my own.The people of my hometown took over(responsibility for)my upbringing at that point.全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
3.The toys have to meet strict/ tough safety requirements before they can be sold to children.4.Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.5.When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about.She quit an executive position and opened/ set up a household device store in her neighborhood.People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the quality of their lives.But, to run a small business on a small scale is by no means an easy job.Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expense.Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premium for the various kinds of insurance she needed.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time.She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life.UNIT 2 Vocabulary I.1.全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
1)decades 5)slender 9)on the side 2)historic 6)web 10)authorized 3)imposed 7)bade 11)terminal 4)religious 8)site 12)make the best of 2.1)went through 2)stood up for 3)laid down 4)take on 5)let(us)down 6)draw on 7)fall into 8)pass for 3.1)The Europeans are fully confident that the Americans will not be able to justify their measures to protect the struggling American steel industry.2)Clinton is, in the eyes of Joe Klein, staff writer of the New Yorker and author of The Natural, the most talented politician of his generation and the most compelling.3)There's not much you can do if people are really intent on destroying themselves with drugs.4)A different experience of the world could forge a completely different approach to life.5)It is our conviction that cloning of human beings is bound to cause many ethical and social problems in the long run.全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
4.1)As for, do not compel, capture of, have forged 2)At huge risk, the mission, shelter 3)who abolished, In the eyes of, racial
II.Words with Multiple Meanings 1.I'll tell you in a minute how I have attained the genuine sense of belonging in America, but first let me hear about your French trip.2.Most McDonald's look almost the same on the outside, but actually there are about 16 different basic designs.3.Loaning money from the banks is but one of the methods we can use to get through a financial crisis.4.This second-hand car has been nothing but trouble;it's always breaking down.5.In your resume you've mentioned everything but one vital point.6.Our technicians have discovered a simple but effective solution to the problem.7.I am sorry, but I think you shouldn't have lingered on over coffee and missed the last bus..全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
8.The bankruptcy of the company was not caused by evil, but by simple ignorance III.Usage 1)lonely 2)friendly 3)weekly, monthly 4)lovely 5)cowardly 6)kindly/ saintly 7)lively 8)motherly Comprehensive Exercises I.Cloze 1.Text-related 1)forged 2)stand up 3)compelled 4)convictions 5)mission 6)abolish 7)intent on 8)risk 9)in the eyes of 10)threats 2.(Theme-related)1)assistance 2)involved 3)estimated 4)coincidence 5)emerged 6)referred 7)numerous 8)stationed 9)concern 10)capture
II.Translation 1.Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis.2.Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement.全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
3.According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials.4.Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once.5.Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world.Shortly after he achieved freedom Henson became intent on assisting fugitive slaves.He secretly returned to the United States from Canada several times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom.Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the run.He disguised them and successfully avoided capture.Later he built a small settlement in Dresden in Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school.He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed.UNIT 3 Vocabulary I.1.1)threatens 2)by a small margin 3)civilize 4)closed up 5)wandered 6)全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
paste 7)without so much as 8)sideways
9)hook up to 10)universal 11)chart 12)Bathed in 2.1)narrowed down 2)looked back on 3)cut off 4)fit into 5)wear(the other)down 6)lies in 7)put up 8)stand for
3.1)...which is likely to make people vulnerable to asthma has been found by researchers at the Department of Clinical Medicine in Oxford.2)...with mirrored doors had to be built in so as to make their small bedroom look larger.3)...feature the space shuttle Challenger blowing up in January 1986---killing all seven crew.4)...threatened to keep the pupils in after school, they were quieted at once.5)...are a major barrier to the country's economic growth due to the fact that/because imported oil has absorbed 40% of its foreign exchange.4.1)looked back on/ atmosphere/urban life
2)era/ hooked up to the / the electronic
3)the suburb / a sophisticated / system / analyze / make errors II.1)away 2)inside/in 3)forward/through 4)back 5)off 6)home 7)back down 8)in...out
III.1)Internet is not such an unusual word as it used to be
2)Most men do not look unattractive in them
3)Wealthy as she is, she is not unconcerned by her sudden unemployment 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
4)The claim is not unrealistic in view of a sharp decrease in the city's violent crimes.5)His poor health is not unrelated to his unhealthy way of life.Comprehensive Exercises 1.Cloze 1.1)Statistics 2)rural 3)era 4)stood for 5)on the latch
6)vulnerable 7)barrier 8)electronic 9)reflection 10)civilized 2.1)together 2)liable 3)shift 4)electric 5)cautious
6)sophisticated 7)thieves 8)break 9)chances 10)signs II.Translation
1.1)The Internet is changing the way people live,(no matter)whether they are in urban or rural areas.2)Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones.3)With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development.4)It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.5)Looking back on my twenty years' teaching in high school, I attribute my success to patience, talent, and the constant pursuit of knowledge.全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
2.It is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out.All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes.Thus exposing him to police patrols.Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity.A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night.Make sure/Assure yourself that you don't leave the door on the latch if you happen to be the last to come in.If you decide to buy a sophisticated electronic alarm system, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors.In addition you may have it hooked up to a police station.UNIT 4 Vocabulary I.1.1)accordingly 2)loose 3)concentration 4)stimulating 5)fabric 6)if anything 7)reality 8)intuition
9)trifle 10)at the turn of the century 11)mess 12)undermine 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
2.1)approve of 2)slow down 3)taken in 4)sucked into 5)set apart 6)dozed off 7)call forth 8)stretch into 9)keep up with 10)believe in 3.1)...provided inspiration for many artists and musicians over the decades.2)...is credited to his powers of imagination 3)...on the foundations of an agricultural revolution
4)...not to make any complaints in the presence of the nurse.5)...the outbreak of the Second World War.4.1)flaw/came to the conclusion/would get nowhere 2)in a row/dozed off/a mess of 3)outbreak of/ has undermined / has strained II.1)With Christmas only a week away
2)With his physical condition improving day by day
3)With our GDP growing steadily
4)With all the shops closed
5)with her eyes closed 6)With the fog lifting during the night III.1)like/as 2)as 3)like 4)like/as
5)as/like 6)as 7)like 8)as Comprehensive Exercises 1.Cloze 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
1.1)caution 2)came to the conclusion that 3)never get anywhere 4)undermining 5)not give/care a fig 6)flaw 7)beyond any doubt 8)foundation 9)remarkable/impressive 10)imagination
2.1)extent 2)inventions 3)bet 4)manages 5)vision 6)eventually 7)achievement 8)poverty 9)utilized 10)breakthrough II.Translation
1.1)The volunteers sent/assigned by the Red Cross disinfected, with great caution, the drinking water in the village so as to avoid an outbreak of plague.2)Einstein spent many years trying to unify the theories of electromagnetism and gravity but failed.3)Professor Wang received/won the Presidential Award for his excellence in stimulating students' creative imagination.4)As there were some major design flaws, the board of directors didn't approve of the economic stimulus package.5)Having realized that nobody could help him, Jordan finally came to the conclusion that he had to face reality and take up/meet the challenge by himself.2.What was remarkable about 2005 was perhaps that the UN declared it “The World Year of Physics”.It was the 100th anniversary of Einstein's theory of relativity and the 50th anniversary of his death.In 1905 Einstein published five highly important essays in the history of science, thus revolutionizing physics.His great 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
achievements can be credited to his impressive powers of imagination, constant questioning, and not giving a fig for authority.It is beyond doubt that Einstein was the greatest scientist in the 20th century.UNIT 5 Text A Writing Three Thank-You Letters Text Organization l.Parte Paragraphs Main Ideas Part One Paras 1-9 On Thanksgiving Day 1943, as a young coastguardsman at sea, the writer came up with the idea of expressing his gratitude to people who had helped him before.Part Two Paras 10-16 The writer wrote three thank-you letters to his father, the Rev.Nelson and his grandmother.Part Three Paras 17-23 The writer got three letters in reply.Part Four Paras 24-26 The writer wishes everyone to find the good and praise it.Correspondents Letters Sent Letters Received Father Thanks him for teaching the writer from boyhood to love books and reading.Tells the writer how he, as a teacher and a father as well, felt content with his own son.The Rev.Nelson , Thanks him for his morning school prayers.I i Tells the writer about his retirement coupled with self-doubt, and the re?assurance 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
brought to him by the writer's letter.Grandmother Thanks her for teaching the writer how to tell the truth, to share and to be forgiving, and for her good cooking and her sprinkling the writer's life with Stardust.Expresses her loving gratefulness to her grandson.Language sense enhancement 1.decades 2.undergoing
3.had done wrong 4.welcome reassurance 5.appreciated 6.brought back 7.relatives 8.accomplish 9.consume 10.representing Vocabulary I.1.1)sprinkled 2)in turn 3)reversed 4)repay 5)at sea 6)traditional 7)statement 8)longed for 9)in secret 10)unloaded 11)weep 12)under way 2.1)stretch out 2)make out 3)hope for 4)turns(it)over 5)put away 6)brings back 7)got to 8)go about 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
3.1)As supplies of traditional fuels diminish, people are working to increase the use of solar energy.2)We accord high priority to meeting the challenges of economic and environmental development in the region.3)While it is true that children of today are exposed to more information than were children of the past, it does not follow that they automatically become more sophisticated.4)Since she borrowed those books from the library she has been immersed in British history and culture.5)Everything changed in a flash on June 1, 2000 when he lost both legs in a serious traffic accident.4.1)I'd like to express my sincere thanks to everyone who has been so considerate of my well-being.My heart is filled with gratitude that words cannot express.2)After everyone assembled on the playground amid the noise and excitement of the specta?tors, our coach again impressed on us the need to do our best in quest of excellence.3)Everything I saw in my hometown was marvelous.I could hardly believe that it had undergone such swift changes through cultivating fruits, vegetables, flowers and the rest in the past few years.II.Collocation 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
1, fond of 2.sick of 3.thoughtful of 4.confident of 5.conscious of 6.critical of 7.guilty of 8.ashamed of-III.Usage 1.To know what people really think, pay regard to what they do, rather than what they say.2.It is cooperation, rather than conflict, that will enable you to achieve your success.3.Ann made students think for themselves rather than telling them what to think.4.I think I'll stay at home this evening rather than go / going out.5.Most people are content to let perfect days happen at random rather than plan / planning for them.Comprehensive Exercises I.Cloze(A)1)at sea 2)Turning over 3)reverse 4)got to 5)repay 6)gratitude 7)assembled 8)immersed in 9)unloading 10)swift(B)1)instead 2)possessions 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
3)richer 4)breath 5)cherish 6)special 7)specific 8)shining 9)miracles 10)gift II.Translation 1.1)Grandma took it for granted that food prices would soar, so she bought a lot of rice.2)I can quote you several instances of her dedication to science.3)The 1980s saw the start of the swift development of some special economic zones in China.4)Tension between the two countries stemmed in part from the latest spy affair.5)Peter has worked in a law firm for many years.You can consider having him as your lawyer to act on your behalf when you need legal help.2.Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving, rather than joining his friends in celebration of the holiday, George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive trips around the world.The diary brought back every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf.George's father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of hardship in quest of excellence.He also taught him that nothing in the world could be taken for granted.Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesop's famous saying “Gratitude is the 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
sign of noble souls” and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it.UNIT 6 Text A The Last Leaf I.Vocabulary: i)1.masterpieces 2.fragile 3.fancy 4.nonsense 5.ling to 6.endure 7.acute 8.whistle 9.mock 10.subtracted 11.Sin 12.flutter/fluttering ii)
1.give in/ give up 2.figure up 3.sized up 4.wiped out 5.pulling up
6.wear away 7.sit up 8.hear of / about
iii)1.usually stand out in childhood memories.2.a joint bachelor’s degree program in environmental studies together with Duke University.3.still stalks the country.全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
4.scarcely any surface water in the desert.5.for change in the election law is so persistent that both houses have promised to consider it.iv)1.dreary, mingled with, not to excess, a merry 2.called to us, in a whisper, in tune with 3.backward, wet through, won’t hear of 4.turn loose your II.1.He went to Paris on business last month.2.The train to Brussels goes at 2:25 p.m.3.As soon as they arrived at the meadow, the shepherd let the sheep go.4.We went(or will go)exploring together in the mountains.5.Let’s go and have a drink in the bar.6.The store is going to close up soon.7.South Koreans went crazy when their soccer players beat the Spanish team in the quarter-finals.8.When the mother came out of the house, she found her children gone.III.Usage: 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
1.a little white wooden house 2.long, curly red hair 3.a large old round table 4.a cheap Indian restaurant 5.a huge cool chocolate ice-cream 6.rapid technological advance 7.a handsome young Chinese American
IV.Comprehensive Exercises 1.Cloze 1.in tune 2.Scarcely 3.in a whisper 4.cling to 5.merry 6.sat up
7.nonsense
8.fancy
9.sin 10.masteripiece
1.mission 2.involve 3.jail 4.not 5.collect 6.deliver 7.beautiful 8.vacation 9.need 10.small
V.Translation: i)1.The red house stands out against the old trees that reach high up to the sky.全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
2.The salary in // for my new job is great, but for the rest, I’m not satisfied.3.The waters of the two streams mingle near our village.4.We should not mock at other people’s religious beliefs.5.The curtains of the room are not quite in tune with the style of the furniture.ii)Here and there we see young artists who stand out from other people.They may be in worn-out jeans all the year round, or walk barefoot // in bare feet even in winter, or drink to excess, or cling to the fancy of creating a masterpiece without actually doing any creative work.Text B Night Watch 1.Comprehension Check
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.A
2.Translation 1.他被急急送到机场，刚好赶上唯一一架或许能让他赶到垂危老父身边的飞机。2．前一夜，老人突发严重的心脏病，被用了大量镇静剂，此刻神志只是部分清醒。3．每次护士来到病房，士兵总是在那儿，但他没有注意她，也没有注意夜晚医院里 的嘈杂声---氧气罐的叮当声，夜班医护人员互相打招呼时的笑声，其他病人的 叫喊声，呻吟声和大鼾声。全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
4．他以一种极富人情味的方式证明了世间有人关心别人的境遇。
3．Language Practice:
a)Match the definitions in Column B with the words and phrases in Column B 1.f 2.c 3.a 4.g 5.b 6.e 7.h 8.d
b)Fill in the gaps with words or phrases chosen form the box.Change the form where necessary.1.conscious 2.outline 3.enables 4.moans 5.started off 6.cut … short 7.serial 8.toughen 9.Military 10.pulled out 11.collapsed 12.encouragement
Model Note: Dear Professor Brown, My father has written to say that my cousin is seriously ill with pneumonia.According to her doctor, she has only one chance in ten.At such a distressing time I long to be by her bedside and do what I can to comfort and console her.May I ask for leave for a day or two? I’ll be obliged to you if my application is granted.UNIT 7 Text A Life of a Salesman 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
I.Vocabulary 1.disabled, impatient, solitary, crushed, feel like, lashed, echoing, paused, betrayed, laundry, section, tilted 2.cared for hang on was laid up with are gaining on kicked up went off drop…off
straighten out 3.sometimes didn’t register with her.in disorder, drawers pulled out, shoes and boots scattered.was transferred from Father’s account to my account.a pledge to contribute 100,000 dollars to the Children in Need charity campaign.The most profitable business in that province.4.gaining on, off balance, was laid up in, scar on a cripple/crippled, sugery, limitations, in literature commission, on the phone, his territory, never registers with II.Usage 1.I never did go over these books, although I probably should 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
have.2.I know this is a personal question.You don’t have to answer me if you don’t want to.3.I think this topic should have attracted far more attention from philosopher than it has.4.“I think you’re right.”---“I’m sure I am.”
5.“He thought that the comdition was hereditary in his case.”---“well, it might be.”
6.“Sugar?”---“No.Maybe next time.”
7.The house is only a building.It is a place to live, nothing more.8.DIANE: You didn’t!Tell me you didn’t!FATHER: Oh, yes.Anything for my children.III.Word Family bored, boredom, bored, boringly, boring encouraged, encouragingly, encouraging, encouragement frozen, freeze, freezing, freezer, freeze Comprehensive Exercises I.Cloze off, feet, signature, commission, on the phone, laid up, surgery, territory, disorder, applying for, dignity, didn’t, read, come, money, because, earning, doing, own, Obviously, value II.Translation 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
1.Translate the sentences into English, using the words or phrases in brackets.1)I grew terribly scared when I heard sound of footsteps echoing round the hallway at midnight yesterday.2)The name-brand sports shoes are guaranteed for 12 months.3)Snowstorms threw communications and transportation into disorder.4)I’ve been suffering a lot of stress from work altely.I feel like taking a vacation at the seaside.5)Living in an apartment is all right, but it has its limitations---for example, you don’t have your own garden.2.Translate the passage into English, using the words or phrases given below.Tom was born a cripple, with one of his lower limbs useless.Early in his childhood, he learned that unless he so exerted himself as to rise above his limitations, he could not earn a living, and unless he succeeded in making a living on his own, he could not win/gain the respect of others.That was the price he had to pay for his dignity as a human being.Tom applied for numerous jobs, only to be turned down, before he finally got one as a delivery boy for a Pizza Hut.He then worked as a sales representative for a sportwear company in a territory no one else would want.Today he owns a fairly profitable retail shop in his hometown, and hires several people to work for him
UNIT 8 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
Text A Human Cloing: A Scientist’s Story Language Sense Enhancement 1.in some way make the most of individual replicated roadmap in place result from dissuade Quite honestly legislate
Language Focus I.1.1)complications 2)tremendous 3)brilliant 4)analysis 5)transplant transplant 6)In a sense 7)consented 8)In some ways 9)eyesight 10)in reality 11)implanted 12)procedures 2.1)focus on 2)come forward 3)result from 4)go through 5)carry out 6)work on 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
7)feed on 8)settled over
3.1)resulted from a childhood illness.2)was condemned by the trade unions as endangering jobs.3)in place, even those with persistent, long-term mental illnesses can usually learn to manage their symptoms and live productive lives.4)but apparently showed disapproval of his behavior.5)you should make the most of any advice which you can get from the interviewer.4.1)misconceptions potential make the most of 2)donated contentious issue and opponents 3)a fraud in some ways condemn him II.全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
1)permission to adopt her 2)a willingness to restart peace talks 3)failure to find meaning in life 4)his determination to realize his ideals 5)attempt to blow up the bridge 6)an opportunity to pursue a college degree III.1)Do you consider it any good continuing your investigations? 2)It is reported that two people were killed in the explosion.3)I owe it to you that I have been able to get back to my studies.4)It is no good bothering about such a trifle.5)It won’t do you any good to hide your sickness for fear of treatment.6)We all think it a pity to give up the experiment half way.Comprehensive Exercises I.Cloze 1.Test-related 1)issue 2)contentious
3)clones
4)potential
5)condemn
6)misconceptions 7)opponents 8)results from 9)come forward 10)donated
2.Theme-related 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
1)prospect 2)intention 3)Despite 4)developing 5)publish 6)condemned 7)among 8)standpoint 9)standard 10)rejection
II.Translation 1.1)Medical experts debated whether the cloning of human beings should be permitted and what its potential effects on society might be.2)Eighty-five per cent of the people in the local area are in full-time employment;only3% describe themselves as unemployed.3)The departments concerned in China will speed up legislation to protect rights of migrant workers.4)In recent years, some psychologists have tried to explain intelligence from a biological standpoint.5)The global financial crisis has had a huge impact on that country’s export industry.In no more than six months, many factories have closed down by necessity.2.Dolly the sheep resulted from a cloning experiment by a group of Scottish scientists in 1997.A fierce debate on human cloning has ever since been going on.This contentious issue had focused on ethical and social implications of the technology: what the technology might do to the very meaning of human 全新版大学英语 综合教程3 课后答案
reproduction, child rearing, individuality, et cetera.The majority of scientists are adamantly opposed to reproductive cloning and support therapeutic cloning for treating diseases.The reason is that therapeutic cloning does not involve any type of risk to human life and actually provides tremendous potential for the relief of suffering in human beings.Scientists believe that with policies and monitoring in place to ensure that therapeutic cloning is used safely, we canal benefit from this procedure.
第四篇：全新版大学英语综合教程第一册词汇
全新版大学英语综合教程第一册
词汇
———人的这一生如果没有一段回想起来就热泪盈眶、热血沸腾的日子，那么这一辈子就白混了。
《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 1 Test A off and on 断断续续地，有时 take hold 生根，确立
associate 使联系起来，使联想
assignment（分配的）工作，任务，作业 turn out 编写，制作 paragraph 段落
agony(身心的)极度痛苦 assign 分配，分派 cheerless阴郁的，沉闷的 tedious乏味的，冗长的 reputation 名声，名誉 inability无能，无力
inspire激励，鼓舞
formal 刻板的，拘谨的，正式的，正规的 rigid一成不变的，严格的 out of date过时的 excessively过分地
prim古板的，拘谨的，循规蹈矩的，整洁的 severe朴素的，严重的，剧烈的 wavy波形的，波浪形的 necktie领带
pointed有尖的，尖的 jaw颌，颚
comic 滑稽的，喜剧的，连环漫画（册）antique古物，古玩
tackle处理，应付
informal（指讲话，文字）口语体的，非正式的
essay散文，小品文，论说文 distribute分发，分配，分送 finally最终，终于
face up to勇敢地接受或对付 scan浏览，粗略地看
spaghetti意大利式细面条
title标题，题目，给...加标题，加题目于 extraordinary不同寻常的，奇特的
sequence一连串相关的事物，次序，顺序 image形象，印象，（图）像 vivid生动的，逼真的
adult成年人，成年动物 recall回想起，回忆起
social社会的，社交的，交谊的
respectable可敬的，体面的，文雅的 put down写下
recapture再现，再次经历 relive再体验，重温 violate违背，违反 compose创作
turn in交（作业）
command命令，指令
discipline惩罚，处分，纪律 what’s more而且，此外，更有甚者 contempt轻视，轻蔑
ridicule嘲笑，嘲弄，被戏弄 open-hearted诚挚的
enjoyment愉快，欢乐，满意 hold back控制（感情，眼泪等）avoid避免
demonstration表明，证明 calling职业，使命
career生涯，事业，职业 seal印章，图章 essence本质，精髓 《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 1 Test B tradition传统 award授予，给予
valedictorian致告别词的毕业生代表 maintain保持，维持 look forward to盼望 participate in参加
registration登记，注册 fee费（如会费等）gym健身房，体育馆 compare to相比，比得上
falsify窜改，歪曲 plus（常置于被修饰词后面）比...略好（或略高）一些的，加，加上 tie平手，不分胜负 drown out（指声音）淹没 here and there 各处 filter渗过，渗透 resign顺从，听任，辞职 make it办成，做到，赶上 principal校长，院长 policy方针，政策 regarding关于，至于 dignity尊严
muster激起，聚集 represent代表，象征 expectation期待，预期 clasp紧抓，紧握
significance意义，意思 hoe用锄除（草），用锄整（地）spring up迅速生长或出现
delicate脆弱的，柔软的
withdrawn沉默寡言的，不善交际的 drag拖着脚步走 exception例外 tremble颤抖，哆嗦
yell叫喊
innocent天真无邪的，清白的 hug拥抱 pat轻拍 《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 2 Test A be lost in（lose oneself in）专心致志于
windshield（汽车的）挡风玻璃 cab出租车
available可用的，可得到的 apologetically 道歉的，带有歉意的 or something诸如此类的事 go ahead 继续，开始
know/learn by heart记住，能背出 on the road 在旅途中
estimate估计 might/may(just)as well不妨，（也）无妨 not much of a不太好的 keep up保持
correspondence通信（联系），信件 practically自始至终，一直 neighborhood街坊，四邻 kind/sort of有几分，有点儿 lose touch（with sb）失去联系 guy家伙，伙计
a couple of几个，一对，一双
tough不幸的，困难的，坚固的，坚强的 on one’s mind 记挂在心头
keep in touch（with）（与...）保持联系，保持接触
come up(尤指意想不到地)发生，出现 shrug耸（肩）urge力劝，催促
postpone推迟，使延期
reference提及，谈到，参考，查阅 absolutely完全地，极其
reunion（家人，朋友，同事等久别后的）重聚
go by（时间）逝去 hang out闲荡，徘徊
every now and then有时
mostly几乎全部，多半，大体
awful非常的，极大的，可怕的，糟糕的 choke（使）窒息，堵塞
choke up(因激动等)哽得说不出话，堵塞 destination目的地 skip略过，跳过，跳跃
sorrowful伤心的，悲伤的
in the distance在(相当)远处 unpack打开
right away立刻，马上
《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 2 Test B
let down使失望，不帮助 burn off烧掉 peer仔细看
uneasy不安的，担心的 bump颠簸着前进 get rid of消灭，除去 stuff东西，原料 tow拖，拉，牵引 soak（使）浸透 pitch颠簸
swing（使）突然转向
burst into突然（烧，哭等）起来 flame火焰，火舌 spin（使）旋转 fling抛，扔，掷
roar轰鸣（声），吼叫（声）crash撞，撞坏，坠毁 steer驾驶 bare赤裸的 grip紧握
explosion爆炸
extent程度，范围 injury伤害，损伤
worse still更糟糕的是
in bad/good shape 身体状况差（好）despair绝望
hang on 坚持
permanently永久地，固定地 principle信条，原则，原理 draw on利用，动用，靠 character品德，品质，性格 lean倚，靠
exclaim惊叫，呼喊 grab一把抓住 slide（使）滑动
ease减轻（痛苦，负担等）grin咧嘴笑
medal奖章，奖牌，勋章
courageous勇敢的，无畏的
rescue援救，营救
highlight最重要的事件，最精彩的部分
《大学英语综合教程》第一册
Unit 3 Test A likely可能的,可能 privileged有特权的 privilege特权 minority少数
do without没有...而设法对付过去 highly很，非常 risky危险的，有风险的 nasty令人难受的
brutish野兽般的，野蛮的
anyway不管怎么说
put/turn the clock back倒退，开倒车 cut off切断，中断，切下，剪下 competition竞争，比赛 bring about引起，导致 moreover而且，再者
inquiring好问的，爱探索的 inquire询问
global世界的，全球的 suppress抑制，压制
initiative首创精神，主动 inventiveness发明才能，创造力 slow down减慢 rate速度，比率 ensure保证，确保 democratic民主的
informed有知识的，了解情况的，明智的inform告诉，通知
at the moment此刻，目前
in two minds犹豫不决，三心二意 steady平稳的，稳定的 evident明显的 cartoon漫画，动画片 element成分，元素 astronomy天文学
series连续，系列，系列节目 fiction小说，虚构
harness驾驭，利用 background背景 acid酸（性的），酸味的（物质）
greenhouse温室
nuclear原子核的，核心的
weapon武器
genetic基因的，遗传（学）的 engineering工程，工程学 basis基础 lie in在于
rote死记硬背
learn by rote死记硬背地学习relevance相关，关联
in terms of从...方面（或角度）来说，按照，根据
equation等式，方程（式）brief简洁的，短暂的 mathematical数学的 halve将...减半
tend倾向，趋向
in the form of呈...的形状，以...形式 precise精确的
qualitative定性的，性质上的 grasp掌握，了解
concept概念
sufficient充分的，足够的 convey传达，表达 diagram图表，图解 framework框架，结构 molecular分子的
transistor晶体管，晶体管收音机 put across解释清楚，使被理解 proportion比例，部分 truly真正地，确实地 magic魔术，魔力
fit into适合，符合，属于
producer（电影，电视片等的）制片人，生产者，制造人
responsibility责任 educate教育
entertain给...以欢乐，招待 hence因此，从此 contact与...接触 alien外国的，陌生的 civilization文明
《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 3 Test B deadline最后期限
headline（报纸上新闻报导等的）标题 immediately直接地，贴近地 victim受害者，罹难者 frustrate使沮丧，使灰心 yield泄露，产生
step by step逐步地，稳定地 outcome结果
result in导致，结果是 gradual逐渐的，渐变的 process过程 conclusion结论 propose提出，建议 random任意的，随机的 compare with与...比较 evaluate评估，评价
characterize成为...的特征 bulk大部分，（巨大的）体积 submit提交，呈递
publish发表，出版
professional专业的，职业的
press release(通讯社或政府机构等发布的）新闻稿 challenge挑战 amount数量，总数
wear down(使）变小，变少，变弱
organic有机（体）的，只施用有机肥料的trumpet大肆宣扬 reverse挫折，逆境 somehow以某种方式
《大学英语综合教程》第一册
Unit 4 Test A driveway宅旁私家车道 mow修剪（草坪），刈（草）lawn草地，草坪
comprehend理解,了解,领会
turn away拒绝帮忙，不让...进入 weed除去...的杂草，除草，杂草，野草 assume假设，以为
compliment赞扬，赞美的言辞或行为 work out制定出，解决，算出 weekly每周的，一周一次的
clean up打扫，清除
do with对待，处理
determination决心，决定
personnel人事部门，全体人员，全体职员 apprentice学徒 capacity能力，才能 blueprint蓝图
micrometer测微计，千分尺 precision精密，精确（性）turn down拒绝
skilled熟练的，有技巧的，技术性的 grinder磨工
grind磨，磨碎，碾碎
instrument工具，器械，仪器
for sale待售 wreck残破物，（尤指失事船只，飞机等的）残骸
call on拜访
banker银行家，银行高级职员 loan借，贷，贷款
character（人的）品德，品质，性格 damn丝毫
reluctantly勉强地
mortgage抵押借款，按揭 down payment定金，（分期付款的）初付款额
discard抛弃
odds and ends零星杂物，琐碎物品 screen纱门，纱窗，屏，荧屏 hardware五金器具，（计算机的）硬件 spot地点，斑点 confidence信心 amaze使惊愕，使诧异 amazement惊愕，诧异
diet日常饮食
send for派人去叫，召唤，派人去取 hunt寻找，打猎，猎取 abandon抛弃，放弃
property（房）地产，财产 shed小屋，棚
sometime某个时候
sponsor为...做保证人，主办，发起，保证人，主办人，发起人
amuse逗乐，给...提供娱乐
approach接近
millionaire百万富翁 pass away去世
check on检查，调查，察看 handle管理，处理，操纵 livable适于居住的
homey舒适的，像家一样的 stature身材，身高，境界
industrialist工业家，实业家 route路线，路程
principle信条，原则，原理 vision远见，视觉，视力 optimism乐观，乐观主义 above all最重要的是 integrity正直，完整
rung（梯子的）横档，梯级 basement地下室 giant巨大的，巨人 balance平衡，余额 balance sheet资产负债表 decimal小数
（接尾页）bat眨（眼睛）claim声称，断言
commonplace普通的，平凡的 section（事物的）一部分 circumference圆周
factor将...分解因子，因素 quadratic二次的
sole唯一的
contribute作出贡献，贡献出 ultimate最终的，根本的 《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 4 Test B illegal不合法的，违法的
immigrant（外来）移民，移民的，移入的 taco stand卖玉米面卷的摊子
connection连接，联系，（可资利用的）熟人，关系
put up with忍受，容忍 in search of寻找 head for向...行进 supervise监督，指导 land赢得，得到
temporary暂时的，临时的 response回答，反应
risk冒...的危险，（使）遭受危险，危险，风险
acquire（靠自己的能力，努力等）取得，获得，学到
make（both）ends meet勉强维持生计，使收支相抵
associate’s degree准学士学位 environment环境，周围状况 on the side作为兼职
stand a chance of有...的希望，有...的可能
prospect前景，预期，展望 reserve保留，储备，预订 rare稀有的，罕见的，不寻常的 former以前的，早先的，旧时的 quit停止，放弃
deserve应受，应得，值得
impress给...深刻的印象，使钦佩 show up来到，露面 flip转动，使翻转
humanistic人道主义的，人本主义的
《大学英语综合教程》第一册
Unit 5 Test A obituary讣告 die of死于
coronary冠状动脉的
thrombosis血栓（形成）
acquaintance相识的人，（略微的)了解 instantly立刻，马上 workaholic工作狂
classic典范，典型，典型的
day off休息日
conceivably可想到的，可想象的 retire退休
executive（企业等中的）行政领导，管理人员
extracurricular课外的 monthly每月的，每月一次的 golf高尔夫球运动 salad色拉，凉拌蔬菜
overweight肥胖的，超重的，过重的 survivor遗留的家属，幸存者，生还者 survive比...活得长，经历...后幸存 marketable适合市场需求的，可出售的 mother抚育（孩子）give up放弃
compete竞争，对抗
compete against/with与...竞争，与...对抗
care for照看，照顾 dearly非常地
beloved深爱的，亲爱的
eldest第一个出生的，年龄最大的 manufacturer（尤指用机器）大量制造 funeral葬礼
embarrass使尴尬，使局促不安 newly新近地
married结婚的，已婚的 odd临时的，不固定的 grass大麻
grab at抓住，夺得
favorite特别受喜爱的人（或物），最喜欢的
stay up醒着，不去睡
board为...提供膳宿，搭伙，寄宿 widow寡妇 deceased死的
the deceased已死的人 replace代替，取代
look sb in the eye直视某人 bitter愤怒的，委屈的，怨恨的 straighten out解决
finance财政，金融，财源，财力 stock股票，证券，公债 option期权，选择
stock option股票期权，优价认股权 and all that诸如此类的 heart-attack心脏病发作 natural非常适合的人
pick out辨认出，分辨出
lineup（为接受检查等而排列的）一行人，一排人
discreet谨慎的，（言行）审慎的 inquiry打听，询问
replacement接替者，替代物 ask around四处打听
《大学英语综合教程》第一册
Unit 5 Test B pop up出现，发生
enthusiastic极感兴趣的，热心的 among others（除列举到的之外）还有许多 distract使分心
relationship关系，关联，亲属关系 socialize交往，交际 delegate授（权），把...委托给下级 input投入（物），输入 typically通常，典型地 disarray混乱，紊乱
intimacy亲昵关系，亲密 divorce离婚 focus on集中
depression忧愁，沮丧 link连接，联系
concern担心，忧虑，关心的事 extreme极度的
in short总之，简言之
well-being康乐，安乐
solution解决，解决方法，解答 addition瘾，沉溺 survey调查
priority优先考虑的事 relax松弛，放松 detail细节
oriented以...为方向的，重视...的 schedule将...列为计划表 overall包括一切的，总的 fulfilling令人心满意足的 reliable可信赖的，可靠的
diversion转向，转移
productive多产的
on one’s own独自地，独立地 staff全体雇员 let go松开，释放
《大学英语综合教程》第一册
Unit 6 Test A valentine情人
make one’s way走去 grand宏伟的，壮丽的
absorb完全吸收住...的注意，吸收 margin页边空白
reflect反映，显示
thoughtful深思的，体贴的 insightful具有洞察力的 insight洞察力
previous早先的，先前的
locate找到...的位置，使坐落于 correspond通信
ship（尤指用船）运送
overseas去（在）国外（的），去（在）海外（的）
fertile肥沃的，富饶的
romance爱情故事，风流韵事 bud发芽，萌芽，（枝叶的）芽，花蕾 haunt使担忧，使苦恼，（鬼魂）常出没于 take a chance(on sth)碰运气，冒险 disgust使厌烦，使反感 whichever无论哪个或哪些 lapel（西服上衣的）翻领
sustain支持，使（努力等）持续下去，保持
unfailing永恒的，无穷的 slim苗条的，细小的，微小的 curl鬈发
chin下巴，颏
provocative挑逗的，挑衅的 curve（使）弯曲
go sb’s way与某人同路 murmur轻声说，咕哝
more than a little很，非常 ankle踝，踝节部
thrust挤入，插入，猛推
heel（鞋，袜等的）后跟，脚后跟，踵 split（使）裂开，破裂 keen强烈的，热切的 longing渴望 companion陪伴 uphold支持，维护
sensible通情达理的，理智的 kindly亲切的，和蔼的，仁慈的 glow光亮，光辉
hesitate踌躇，犹豫 grip握紧，紧握
leather（动物的）皮，皮革 identify识别
grateful感激的
be grateful to(sb)for(sth)为某事感激某人
square挺直（肩膀）
salute（向...)行举手礼
lieutenant海军上尉，陆军中尉 broaden（使）变宽，（使）扩大 wisdom智慧，明智
in response to作为对...的回应 《大学英语综合教程》第一册
Unit 6 Test B come across偶然遇见，碰上 make out辨认出 hope for希望，期待 clue线索
identify身份 other than除了 nursing home（尤指接纳老年人的）私人疗养院
exchange交换，互换
match up to与...一样好，比得上 lead线索
for sure毫无疑问
security治安保卫，安全，安全感 goodness天哪
relief轻松，宽慰
be in love with(sb)热恋着（某人）come to an end结束 adjust校准，调准
catch up on(sth)事后了解关于...的情况，弥补（耽搁下来的工作等）knot（绳等的）结
tie the knot结婚
erect挺直的，直立的
《大学英语综合教程》第一册
Unit 7 Test A
extensively广泛地，大量地 intelligence智力
intelligent聪明的，有才智的 controversy争论，争议 surround围绕，包围 consciousness意识 explore探究，探索 obvious明显的
vet兽医
keeper（动物园的）饲养员 encounter遇到，遭遇 reveal展示，揭露
convince使确信，使信服 feat技艺，业绩，功绩
captivity被俘，监禁，束缚 dominant统治的，占优势的 species物种
planet行星
make a deal达成交易
conservationist自然资源保护论者 gorilla大猩猩
suspicious可疑的，猜疑的 peanut花生
only to结果却，不料 blank有表情的，空白的 negotiate谈判，协商 stake奖品，奖金，赌注 pineapple凤梨，菠萝
relieve使减轻痛苦或焦虑等，减轻（痛苦或焦虑等）
orangutan猩猩
undertake从事，承担（任务等）anthropologist人类学者 figure out理解，推断出
extend延伸，伸展，扩大，加长 dealing交易，买卖
chip薄片，碎片，集成电路片 expand扩大，扩展 switch转换，变换 foil金属薄片，箔 virtuous有道德的，善良的 promptly立即地 stem茎，（树）干，（叶）梗 whale鲸
cooperate合作，协作
behaviorist行为主义者
in sb’s interest(s)为了某人的利益 go far帮助很大，很有成效 consultant顾问 behavior举止，行为 assess评估，估量
judgment判断，意见，看法 mate配偶，伙伴，同事 thrive茁壮成长，兴旺 at first起先 stretcher担架
emergency紧急情况，突然事件 go wrong有毛病的，出故障 halt停住，停止 throw up呕吐
apparently明显地 size up估量，判断 release释放 slide（使）滑动 primate灵长目动物 evidence证据，迹象 deceive欺骗
inaccessible达不到的，难得到的 original最初的，原始的 colony（生长在同一地方的动物或植物）群，群体，殖民地gaze凝视，注视 give in让步，屈服，投降
underneath在（...）下面，在（...）底下 pea-brained笨的 turtle（海）龟
survival生存，幸存 disaster灾难 wipe out消灭，消除 dinosaur恐龙
horizon眼界，见识，地平线
《大学英语综合教程》第一册 Unit 7 Test B cautious谨慎的
display流露，显示，展示
adequate充分的，足够的 accompany陪伴，陪同 exhibit展示 nest巢，窝
vacant无表情的，空着的
not have the heart（to do sth)不愿，不忍心（做某事）status地位，身份
flock（鸟，兽等）一群
pull oneself together振作起来 at first sight乍一看，一见之下 instinct本能，生性
purchase买，购买
nevertheless然而，虽然如此 twist转动，（使）扭曲，扭伤 pair off（使）成对，成双 decline谢绝 take to喜欢上
reproduce生殖，繁育
magnificent宏大的，壮观的，出色的 shed light on阐明
tolerance容忍，宽容，忍耐 heap（sth）on（sb）大量地给予（某人）（某物）
marital婚姻的，夫妻的 field biologist野外生物学家 coyote（北美草原的）郊狼 indicate表明
observe观察，注意 lick舔 tell of讲述 otter獭，水獭
get around各处走动
make a habit of形成...的习惯 alarm使惊慌，使恐慌
by any chance或许，可能 in the world竟然，到底，究竟 reject拒绝接受
《大学英语综合教程》第一册
Unit 8 Test A
fable寓言
teenager青少年
run out of用完，耗尽 file档案，卷宗 folder文件夹
drugstore（兼营杂货的）药房 handful一把，少量
modestly不太多，不太大，适中 upset使苦恼，使心烦意乱 ignorant无知的，不知道的 ignorance无知，愚昧
senior（大学或中学）毕业班的学生 private私人的，私有的 slice部分，（薄薄的）一片 calculation计算 nonexistent不存在的
chill（使）变冷，（使）不寒而栗 indifference漠不关心 sum总结，概述，合计 sum up总结，概括 financial财政的，金融的 accumulate积累，积聚 ancestor祖先，祖宗 intellectual智力的 affect影响
industrial工业的
function运作，起作用，作用，功能 idle懒散的，空闲的
jam发生故障，卡住，堵塞
break down停止运转，失败，垮了
drive（sth）home(to sb)使清楚无误地理解
humble谦卑的，卑微的
dramatize将...改编为剧本，将...戏剧化headphone头戴式受话器，耳机
portable便携（式）的，手提（式）的 peasant农民，雇农 county（英国的）郡，（美国的）县 hut小屋，棚屋 search for寻找 poverty贫穷，贫困 leisure空闲，闲暇
luxury奢侈品，奢华，奢侈 mill工厂，制造厂 subway地铁
better off更富有，更舒服 foe敌人
scare（使）惊慌，（使）恐惧
foxhole散兵坑（小型掩体）
wake up醒了
porter（旅馆，火车站等的）搬行李工人，搬运工人
complex复杂的
manual体力的，手工做的 slum贫民窟
plumbing（水，煤气等）管道设施
privacy（不受干扰的）独处，隐私，隐秘 trash垃圾，废物
befriend帮助，以朋友态度对待 swear发誓，宣誓
make a living by靠...维持生计 miracle奇迹
faculty官能
contemptible令人鄙视的，可轻蔑的 coward懦夫
《大学英语综合教程》第一册
Unit 8 Test B ditch抛弃，丢弃
multiplication乘法，倍增 off-limits禁止使用的 access接近，进入，享用 seminar研讨会
benefit好处，利益，有益于 device装置，设备 call for要求
discourage使灰心，使泄气 in the first place首先 proceed继续进行
competent有能力的，能胜任的 essential必要的，最重要的
adolescent青少年 concentrate on集中（注意力，精力等）于 solve解决（问题，困难等）appropriate适当的，得体的 cut down减少
reflect on思考，沉思 effective有效的 confuse使困惑
what if如果...怎么样 communicate交流，交际 strategy策略，战略 at hand在手边，临近
第五篇：全新版大学英语 综合教程1 课后翻译及答案
《全新版大学英语综合教程1 课后翻译及答案》
Unit 1 Growing Up 为自己而写 ——拉塞尔·贝克
从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这一想法才有了实现的可能。在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。据说他拘谨刻板，完全落后于时代。我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。他身穿古板的套装，领带端端正正地顶着白衬衣的领扣。他长着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来一本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个滑稽的老古董。
我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上一年，不少日子过去了，还真不出所料。后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题目供我们选择。像“暑假二三事”那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有，但绝大多数一样乏味。我把作文题带回家，一直没写，直到要交作业的前一天晚上。我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗一看。我的目光落在“吃意大利细面条的艺术”这个题目上。这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们大家一起围坐在晚餐桌旁——艾伦舅舅、我母亲、查理舅舅、多丽丝、哈尔舅舅——帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。那时意大利细面条还是很少听说的异国食品。多丽丝和我都还从来没吃过，在座的大人也是经验不足，没有一个吃起来得心应手的。艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑海中，我回想起来，当晚我们笑作一团，争论着该如何地把面条从盘子上送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪。
突然我就想描述那一切，描述当时那种温馨美好的气氛，但我把它写下来仅仅是想自得其乐，而不是为弗利格尔先生而写。那是我想重新捕捉并珍藏在心中的一个时刻。我想重温那个夜晚的愉快。然而，照我希望的那样去写，就会违反我在学校里学的正式作文的种种法则，弗利格尔先生也肯定会打它一个不及格。没关系。等我为自己写好了之后，我可以再为弗利格尔先生写点什么别的东西。
等我写完时已是半夜时分，再没时间为弗利格尔先生写一篇循规蹈矩、像模像样的文章了。第二天上午，我别无选择，只好把我为自己而写的贝尔维尔晚餐的故事交了上去。两天后弗利格尔先生发还批改过的作文，他把别人的都发了，就是没有我的。我正准备着遵命一放学就去弗利格尔先生那儿挨训，却看见他从桌上拿起我的作文，敲了敲桌子让大家注意听。
“好了，孩子们，”他说。“我要给你们念一篇小品文。文章的题目是：吃意大利细面条的艺术。” 于是他开始念了。是我写的！他给全班大声念我写的文章。更不可思议的是，全班同学都在听着他念，而且听得很专心。有人笑出声来，接着全班都笑了，不是轻蔑嘲弄，而是乐乎乎地开怀大笑。就连弗利格尔先生也停顿了两三次，好抑制他那一丝拘谨的微笑。
我尽力不流露出得意的心情，但是看到我写的文章竟然能使别人大笑，我真是心花怒放。就在十一年级，可谓是最后的时刻，我找到了一个今生想做的事。这是我整个求学生涯中最幸福的一刻。弗利格尔先生念完后说道：“瞧，孩子们，这就是小品文，懂了没有。这才是——知道吗——这才是小品文的精髓，知道了没有。祝贺你，贝克先生。”他这番话使我沉浸在十全十美的幸福之中。Language Focus Vocabulary Ⅰ.1.respectable
2.Agony
3.put…down
4.sequence
5.Hold back
6.Distribute
7.Off and on
8.vivid
9.associate
10.Finally
11.turn in
12.tackle 2).1.has been assigned to the newspaper‘s Paris office.2.was so extraordinary that I didn‘t know whether to believe him or not.3.a clear image of how she would look in twenty years‘ time.4.gave the command the soldiers opened fire.5.buying bikes we‘ll keep turning them out.3).1.reputation, rigid, to inspire 2.and tedious, What‘s more, out of date ideas
3.compose, career, avoid showing, hardly hold back Ⅱ.1.composed
2.Severe
3.Agony
4.Extraordinary
5.Recall
6.Command
7.was violating
8.anticipate
Ⅲ.1.at
2.For 3.Of
4.With 5.as
6.about 7.To
8.in,in
9.From
10.on/upon
Comprehensive Exercises Ⅰ.Cloze 1.1.Hold back
2.tedious
3.scanned
4.recall
5.vivid
6.Off and on
7.Turn out/in
8.career
1.last
2.surprise
3.pulled 4.blowing
5.dressed
6.scene
7.extraordinary
8.image
9.turn
10.excitement
Ⅱ.Translation 1.1.As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to.2.His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold.3.Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production.4.It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company‘s safety rules./Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company‘s safety rules.5.It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage./The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage.2.Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident.For a time, she didn‘t know how to face up to the fact that she would never(be able to)walk again.One day, while scanning(through)some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story.It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer.Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life.Unit 2 Friendship
出租车司机拥有的就剩一封信
——福斯特·弗克洛
他准是完全沉浸在所读的东西里了，因为我不得不敲挡风玻璃来引起他的注意。
他总算抬头看我了。―你出车吗？‖我问道。他点点头，当我坐进后座时，他抱歉地说：―对不起，我在读一封信。‖听上去他像是得了感冒什么的。
―我不着急，‖我对他说，―你接着把信读完吧。‖
他摇了摇头。―我已经读了好几遍了。我想我都能背出来了。‖
―家书抵万金啊，‖我说。―至少对我来说是这样，因为我老是在外旅行。‖我估量他有六七十岁了，便猜测说：―是孩子还是孙子写来的？‖ ―不是家里人，‖他回答说。―不过，‖ 他接着说，―想起来，也可以算是一家人了。埃德老伙计是我最老的朋友了。实际上，过去我俩总是以‗老朋友‘相称的——就是说，当我俩相见时。我这人就是不大会写东西。‖
―我看大家写信都不那么勤快，‖我说，―我自己笔头就很懒。我看，你认识他挺久了吧？‖
―差不多认识了一辈子了。我俩小时候就一起玩，所以我俩的友谊确实很长了。‖
―一起上的学？‖
―都一起上到高中呢。事实上，我俩从小学到高中都在一个班里。‖
―保持这么长久友谊的人可真不多见啊，‖我说。
―其实呢，‖司机接着说，―近25到30年来，我跟他一年只见一两次面，因为我从原来住的街区搬了出来，联系自然就少了，虽说你一直放在心上。他在的时候可真是个大好人。‖
―你刚才说他‗在的时候‘。你是说—— ？‖
他点了点头。―前几个星期过世啦。‖
―真遗憾，‖我说，―失去朋友真不是个滋味，失去个真正的老朋友更让人受不了。‖ 他开着车，没有接话儿。我们沉默了几分钟。可我知道他还在想着老埃德。他又开口时，与其说是跟我说话，还不如说是自言自语：―我真该一直保持联系。真的，‖他重复道，―我真该一直保持联系。‖
―是啊，‖我表示赞同，―我们都该与老朋友保持更多的联系。不过总是有事情冒出来，好像就是抽不出空来。‖
他耸了耸肩。―我们过去总能抽出空来，‖他说。―信里还提到呢。‖他把信递给我，―你看看吧。‖
―谢谢你，‖我说，―不过我不想读你的信。这纯属私事。‖
司机耸一耸肩。―老埃德人都死了。没什么私事不私事了。看吧，‖他催促说。
信是用铅笔写的。称呼写着―老朋友‖，而开头第一句话让我想到自己。―早就想写信了，可就是一拖再拖。‖ 信里接着写道，他常常回想从前两人住在一个街区时的快乐时光。信里提到些事，可能对司机很重要，比如―那次蒂姆·谢打破窗子，那年万圣节前夕，我们把老帕克先生的大门拴了起来，还有卡尔弗太太老是在放学后把咱俩留下训斥的那阵子‖。
―你们俩准是在一起度过了不少时光，‖ 我对他说。
―就跟信里写的那样，‖他回答说，―我俩在那个时候能花的只有时间。‖他摇头叹道：―时间啊。‖ 信里接下来的那段我觉得有点凄凉：―信的开头我写着‗老朋友‘，因为这么多年来，我们这对老朋友渐渐都老了。我们这些人当中留下的也不多了。‖
―你要知道，‖我对他说，―信里说我们这些人当中留下的不多了，说得一点不错。比如说，每次我去参加老同学聚会，来的人总是越来越少。‖
―时间不饶人啊，‖司机说。
―你们俩以前在一起工作吗？‖我问他。
―不，不过没成家时我俩总在一起闲荡。后来，两人都成了家，就不时相互串门。可最近这二三十年来，主要就是寄寄圣诞卡了。当然，我俩都总在卡上写几句——通常是关于各自家里的情况，不是吗，孩子们在干些什么，谁搬到哪儿，添了个小孙子，都是这类事——可一直都没正儿八经地写过信什么的。‖
―这一处写得好，‖我说，―这里写道： ‗你多年的友谊对我非常重要，远比我能说出来的重要得多，因为我不擅长说这样的话。‘‖我颔首称是。―这话准让你听着开心，是吧？‖
司机说了句什么，可我没听明白，因为他似乎哽噎得厉害。于是我接着说：―我也真想收到这样一封老朋友的来信。‖
我们快到目的地了，于是我跳到最后一段。―因此我想你一定想知道我惦记着你。‖信末署名： ―老朋友汤姆‖。
我们在我的旅店前停下，我把信递了回去。―很高兴能和你聊聊，‖我将衣箱从车上提下时说。汤姆？信的署名是汤姆？
―我记得你朋友叫埃德，‖我说，―为什么他署名汤姆呢？‖
―这封信不是汤姆写给我的，‖他解释说，―我是汤姆。这是我在得知他去世前写给他的信。所以我一直没寄出。‖
他神情有点悲伤，似乎想看清远处什么东西。―我想我真该早些写这封信。‖
我进了旅馆房间之后，没有马上打开箱包。首先我得写封信——而且要寄出去。
Unit 3
公众科学观 ——斯蒂芬·霍金
无论我们是否愿意，我们生活的世界在过去一百年间已经变化了许多，而且在未来的一百年里可能变化更多。有人想中止这种种变化，回到那个他们认为更纯洁更朴素的时代。但正如历史所表明的，过去并非那么美妙。过去对享有特权的少数人不算太糟，但即便他们也无从享受现代医疗，而生育对妇女来说风险极大。对占人口大多数的民众而言，生活是艰难、残忍而又短暂的。
不管怎样，即使有人想这么做，他也无法将时钟拨回到早先的时代。知识与技术不可能说忘就忘了。也没有人能阻止未来的进一步发展。即使所有用于研究的政府资金都被取消（现政府最擅此事），竞争的力量仍将继续带来技术的发展。更何况，没有人能阻止探究求索之士去思索基础科学，无论他们是否会为此得到酬劳。惟一能阻止进一步发展的办法或许是一个压制任何新事物的全球政府，但人类的进取心与创造力如此旺盛，即便这个政府也不会成功。它所能做到的只是延缓变化的速度。
如果我们承认，我们无法阻止科学技术改变我们的世界，我们至少可以努力确保科技带来的变化方向正确。在一个民主社会里，这意味着公众需要对科学有一个基本的了解，从而可以作出明达的决定，而不是把决定留给专家去作。目前，公众对科学存有矛盾之心。公众期望科技新发展带来的生活水准的稳定提高能继续，但又怀疑科学，因为他们不懂科学。那个在实验室里设法制造弗兰肯斯泰因的疯狂的科学家的卡通人物清楚地体现了公众的这种怀疑。这也是人们之所以支持各种绿色组织的一个重要因素。但公众同时也对科学深感兴趣，尤其是对天文学，诸如《夜空》之类的电视系列节目观众不少以及科幻小说读者甚多就是明证。
怎么样才能利用这种兴趣，向公众提供所需要的科学知识，以便其在酸雨、温室效应、核武器以及基因工程等问题上作出明达的决定呢？显然，必须把基础建立在学校课程上。但在学校里，科学往往被教得枯燥乏味。孩子们死记硬背应付考试，他们看不出科学与他们的周围世界的联系。更有甚者，科学常常是用公式来教的。虽然公式是阐述数学概念的一种简单而精确的方式，它们却使大多数人望而生畏。前不久我写了一本通俗读物，当时有人告诫我说，我每使用一个公式就会使销量减半。我只使用了一个公式，即爱因斯坦那个著名的公式，E=mc2。如果不用这个公式的话，也许我能多卖出一倍的书。
科学家和工程师倾向于用公式阐述观点，因为他们需要知道量的精确值。但对我们其余的人来说，对科学概念有个质的认识就已足够，这可以用文字和图表来表述，大可不必使用公式。
人们在学校学到的科学知识可以提供一个基本的框架。但如今科学进步的速度如此之快，一个人离开学校或大学后新的发展层出不穷。我在学校从未学过分子生物学或晶体管，但基因工程和计算机是极有可能改变我们未来生活的两项发展。有关科学的通俗读物和杂志文章能帮助人们了解新发展，但即使是最畅销的科普读物也只有一小部分人阅读。只有电视能赢得真正广大的观众。电视上有一些相当优秀的科学节目，但其他的节目把科学奇迹简单地作为魔术播出，既不加以说明，也不展现它们与科学观念的整体框架的关系。电视科学节目的制片人应该认识到，他们负有教育民众的重任，而不仅仅是为他们提供娱乐。
当今世界充满危险，因此就有了那个令人毛骨悚然的玩笑，说我们尚未受到外星文明造访的原因在于：但凡文明发展到我们目前的程度，它们往往就自我毁灭了。然而我对公众的明智充满信心，因而相信，我们将证明这一说法是错误的。"
I Vocabulary 1
1)brief 2)in terms of 3)cut off 4)tend
5)anyway 6)precise 7)in the form of 8)initiative
9)convey 10)in two minds 11)concept 12)grasp 2
1)has ensured their team a place in the Cup final.2)medical workers‘ responsibility to heal the wounded and rescue the dying.3)entertain as well as educate the learner.4)can do without air and water.5)is likely to be held in June.3
1)lies in contact between
2)basis of is likely sufficient at the moment 3)the steady will be highly
II Word Formation regained 2 undecided 3 undersupplied 4 disabled precondition 6 foresight 7 mispronounced 8 enrich
IIIAntonyms
1)majority 2)accpeted 3)increased 4)weaknesses
5)local 6)late 7)wrong 8)false
Comprehensive exercises
I Close
1.Text-related
1)highly 2)bring about 3)evident 4)rate 5)sufficient
6)put across 7)proportion 8)Hence 9)ensure
2.Theme-related
1)understand 2)travel 3)practical 4)use 5)Another
6)likely 7)affect 8)developments 9)supply 10)Someday
II Translation
1)As is predicted by scientists, global pollution has become one of the most serious problems humans are faced with.2)Competition for these jobs is very tough –we have five times as many applicants this year as we did last year/ there are five times as many applicants this year as there were last year.3)As the facts show, educational programs need to fit into the national plan for economical development.4)The car burns too much gas, and moreover, the price is almost twice as much as I intend to pay.5)To understand a great international event, we, first of all, need to consider the historical and political background to it.2 It is hard to imagine how our forefathers could do without so many conveniences that modern technology has brought about.Back then only a small proportion of the population enjoyed the comforts of life.The majority didn‘t even have sufficient food, not to speak of/ let alone the privilege of being educated.However, many people blame modern technology for creating so many problems.They want to slow down the rate of progress.But no one can put the clock back.Unit 4
托尼·特里韦索诺的美国梦
——弗雷德里克·C· 克罗弗德
他来自意大利罗马以南某地一个多岩石的农庄。他什么时候怎么到美国的，我不清楚。不过，有天晚上，我看到他站在我家车库后面的车道上。他身高五英尺七、八左右，人很瘦。
―我割你的草坪，‖他说。他那结结巴巴的英语很难听懂。我问他叫什么名字。―托尼·特里韦索诺，‖他回答说，―我割你的草坪。‖我对托尼讲，本人雇不起园丁。
―我割你的草坪，‖他又说道，随后便走开了。我走进屋子，心里有点不快。没错，眼下这大萧条的日子是不好过，可我怎么能把一个上门求助的人就这么打发走呢？
等我第二天晚上下班回到家，草坪已修整过了，花园除了草，人行道也清扫过了。我便问太太是怎么回事。
―有个人把割草机从汽车库里推出来就在院子里忙活起来，‖她回答说，―我还以为是你雇他来的。‖
我就把前晚的事跟她说了。我俩都觉得奇怪，他怎么没提出要工钱。
接下来的两天挺忙，我把托尼的事给忘了。我们在尽力重整业务，要让一部分工人回厂里来。但在星期五，回家略微早了些，我又在汽车库后面看到了托尼。我对他干的活夸奖了几句。
―我割你的草坪，‖他说。
我设法凑了一小笔微薄的周薪，就这样托尼每天清扫院子，有什么零活，他都干了。我太太说，但凡有重物要搬或有什么要修理的，他挺派得上用场。夏去秋来，凉风阵阵。―克罗先生，快下雪了，‖有天晚上托尼跟我说，―等冬天到了，你让我在厂里干扫雪的活。‖
啊，对这种执着与期盼，你又能怎样呢？自然，托尼得到了厂里的那份活儿。
几个月过去了。我让人事部门送上一份报告。他们说托尼干得挺棒。
一天我在汽车库后面我们以前见面的地方看到了托尼。―我想做学徒，‖他说。
我们有个挺不错的培训工人的徒工学校。可我怀疑托尼是否有能力学会看图纸、用千分尺，是否胜任做精密加工工作。尽管如此，可我怎么能拒绝他呢？
托尼减了薪水当了徒工。几个月之后，我收到报告，他已从徒工学校毕业，成了熟练磨工。他学会了在千分尺上辨识一百万分之一英寸，会用镶嵌着金刚石的工具制作砂轮。我和太太都挺高兴，觉得他的事总算有了个令人满意的结局。
一两年过去了，我在托尼惯常等我的地方又看到了他。我们聊起了他的工作，接着我问他有什么要求。
―克罗先生，‖他说，―我想买房。‖在小镇边上，他看到有房出售，完全是幢破房。我去见一位当银行家的朋友。―人品贷款你干不干？‖我问。―不干，‖他说，―我们承担不起。没门。‖
―哎，等等，‖我应道，―有个人干活勤勉，人品端正，这一点我担保。他有个好工作。眼下，你从你那块地上一分钱也得不到。那块地空在那儿要好多年呢。至少他会付你利息嘛。‖
那位银行家勉强开了两千美金抵押贷款，没要托尼首付就把房子给了他。托尼乐不可支。从那以后，只要我家附近有什么被人扔弃的零星杂物，坏了的屏风啦，五金器具啦，包装纸板啦，托尼都要收起来拿回家，看他这个样子真是有意思。
约摸过了两年，我在我们见面的老地方又看到了托尼。他身子似乎挺直了些，人也见胖了，样子挺自信。
―克罗先生，我卖房子！‖他得意地说。―我得了八千美金。‖
我非常吃惊。―可是，托尼，没了房子你住哪儿呢？‖
―克罗先生，我买农庄。‖
我们坐下聊了起来。托尼告诉我说，拥有一个农庄是他的梦想。他喜欢番茄、辣椒以及意大利菜肴中相当重要的其它各种蔬菜。他把在意大利的妻子和儿子、女儿都接来了。他在小镇周边到处找，终于找到一处没人要的一小块地产，有一幢房，还有间小棚。他正在把家搬到农庄去。又过了一些时候，在一个星期日的下午托尼来了，他穿戴得整整齐齐。和他一起来的还有另一位意大利人。他告诉我，他说服了儿时的伙伴前来美国。托尼为他作经济担保。他眼里露出顽皮的神情，对我说，他俩来到他经营的小农庄时，他的朋友惊奇地站住说，―托尼，你是个百万富翁啦！‖
后来，在战争期间，公司里传出了一个消息。托尼去世了。
我让公司的人去他家看看，确保各项事宜都得到妥善安置。他们看到农场上长着绿油油的蔬菜，小屋布置得舒适温馨，院子里有一辆拖拉机，还有一辆不错的汽车。孩子受过教育，都工作了，托尼身前没有分文欠债。
托尼去世后，我一直想着他的经历。他的形象在我心目中越来越高大。最后，我觉得他就和美国那些最大的实业家一样高大、自豪。
他们都通过同样的途径，本着同样的价值观和原则获得了成功：远见、执着、自制、乐观、自尊，以及最重要的，正直。
托尼不是从最低一级阶梯往上爬的，他是从地下室往上爬的。托尼的事业很小，那些最大的实业家的事业很大。但究其实，两者的资产负债表完全一样。惟一的不同是你把小数点点在什么地方。托尼·特里韦索诺来到美国寻求美国梦。但他没有找到什么美国梦——他为自己创造了一个美国梦。他的全部拥有是一天宝贵的二十四小时，而他一刻也没有浪费。
Vocabulary
1)wreck 2)balance 3)approaching 4)handle
5)discard 6)Above all 7)diet 8)do with
9)checked on 10)cleaned up 11)weekly 12)principles 2.1)to look for survivors were abandoned after it had been/was determined that all the people in the sunken ship had died.2)was amazed that Bob left a well-paid job travel around the world.3)for a loan has been turned down by many a bank as her business is small and she could provide no guarantee.4)express her thoughts with precision, so people often misunderstand her.5)will weaken our determination to modernize our country in the shortest possible time.3.1)for sale hunting for be amazed by
2)become skilled handle their loans
3)character by calling on he passed away
II Confusable words 1.1)personal 2)personnel
2.1)sometime 2)Sometimes 3)some time 4)sometime
III Euphemism
dehcgabf
Comprehensive Exercises
I Close
1.Text-related
1)sponsored 2)determination 3)turned away 4)assumed 5)capacity
6)skilled 7)loan 8)character 9)hunting 10)for sale 11)send for
2.Theme-related
1)save 2)recent 3)modest 4)grow 5)dream
6)immigrants 7)business 8)engineering 9)invest 10)rich
III Translation 1)It is reported that UN mediators have worked out a plan which they hope will be acceptable to both sides.2)Doris walked in the forest cautiously, afraid of being attacked by giant snakes.3)Earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disaters cannot be prevented, but action can be taken to protect life and property.4)I bought a new issue of my favorite sports magazine and hurried home, anxious to amuse myself reading it.5)Helen lacks confidence.I‘ve never known anyone so unsure of herself.2.After graduating from college, Tony decided to start his own business.At the beginning, many a bank turned down his request for a loan.But he was not a bit discouraged, and continued to call on one banker after another seeking help.Impressed by his determination and optimism, one banker finally agreed to loan him the money.Now he has become a wealthy businessman.Talking about his amazing achievement, Tony says that it is important to create rather than wait for opportunities.Unit 5
爱情故事
——道格·贝尔
约翰·布兰查德从长凳上站起身来，整了整军装，留意着格兰德中央车站进出的人群。他在寻找一位姑娘，一位佩带玫瑰的姑娘。他知其心，但不知其貌。十二个月前，在佛罗里达州的一个图书馆，他对她产生了兴趣。他从书架上取下一本书，很快便被吸引住了，不是被书的内容，而是被铅笔写的眉批。柔和的笔迹显示出其人多思善虑的心灵和富有洞察力的头脑。
在书的前页，他找到了前一位拥有人的姓名，霍利斯·梅奈尔小姐。他花了一番工夫和努力，找到了她的地址。她住在纽约市。他给她写了一封信介绍自己，并请她回复。第二天他被运往海外，参加第二次世界大战。
在接下来的一年当中，两人通过信件来往增进了了解。每一封信都如一颗种子撒入肥沃的心灵之土。浪漫的爱情之花就要绽开。布兰查德提出要一张照片，可她拒绝了。她解释道：―如果你对我的感情是真实的，是诚心诚意的，那我的相貌如何并不重要。设想我美丽动人。我将会一直深感不安，惟恐你只是因为我的容貌就贸然与我相爱，而这种爱情令我憎恶。设想本人相貌平平（你得承认，这种可能性更大）。那我一直会担心，你和我保持通信仅仅是出于孤独寂寞，无人交谈。不，别索要照片。等你到了纽约，你会见到我，到时你可再作定夺。切记，见面后我俩都可以自由决定中止关系或继续交往——无论你怎么选择......‖
他从欧洲回国的日子终于到了。他们安排了两人的第一次见面——晚上七点，纽约格兰德中央车站。―你会认出我的，‖ 她写道，―我会在衣襟上戴一朵红玫瑰。‖于是，晚上七点，他候在车站，寻找一位过去一年里在自己生活中占据了如此特殊地位的姑娘，一位素未谋面，但其文字伴随着他、始终支撑着他精神的姑娘。
且让布兰查德先生告诉你接下来发生的事吧:
一位年轻的姑娘向我走来，她身材颀长纤细。一头卷曲的金发披在秀美的耳后；眼睛碧蓝，如花似玉。她的双唇和下颌线条柔和，却又柔中见刚，她身穿浅绿色套装，犹如春天一般生气盎然。
我朝她走去，完全忘了去看她有没有戴玫瑰花。
我走过去时，她双唇绽开撩人的微笑。
―和我同路吗，水兵？‖她小声问道。我情不自禁，再向她走近一步。可就在这时，我看到了霍利斯·梅奈尔。她差不多就站在姑娘的正后面，早已年过四十，灰白的头发用卡子向上别着，头上带着一顶旧帽子。
她体态臃肿，粗圆的脚踝上套着一双低跟鞋。
穿着绿色套装的姑娘快步走开了。我觉得自己好像被分成了两半，一方面热切地想去追赶她，但另一方面我又渴望那一位以其心灵真诚陪伴我并成为我的精神支柱的女人。
她站在那儿，苍白的圆脸显得温柔理智，灰色的眼睛透出热情善良。我没有迟疑。
我手里紧握着那本小小的让她辨认我的蓝色羊皮面旧书。这不会是爱情，但将是某种珍贵的、或许比爱情更美妙的东西，一种我曾经感激，并将永远感激的友情。
我挺胸站立，敬了个礼，并举起手中的书好让那位女士看。不过在我开口说话的时候，失望的痛苦几乎使我哽咽。―我是约翰·布兰查德中尉，想必您就是梅奈尔小姐。很高兴您来见我。可否请您赏光吃饭？‖
妇女的脸上绽开了笑容。―我不知道是怎么回事，孩子，‖她回答说，―可是刚才走过去的那位穿绿色套装的姑娘，她央求我把这支玫瑰插在衣服上。她还说，要是你请我吃饭的话，我就告诉你，她就在街对面那个大饭店里等你。她说这是一种考验！‖
梅奈尔小姐的智慧不难理解，也令人称奇。心灵的本质是从其对不美的事物的态度中反映出来的。
―告诉我你所爱者是谁，‖何赛写道，―我就知道你是什么样的人。‖
Vocabulary I.1
1)monthly 2)acquaintances 3)classic 4)look;in the eye 5)manufactured 6)options 7)finance
8)replacement 9)survived 10)pick out 11)married 12)grabbed at 2.1)survived a car crash that killed both her parents.2)almost embarrassed to death when Sarah read my poem out to the whole class.3)of the Children‘s Hospital will care for the seriously injured pupils.4)several phone calls making inquiries about the position of the Chief Financial Officer.5)straighten out all your financial problems if you join our club.3.1)inquiry;died of hunger;people survied2)Instantly;give up his;retire;replace him;executive 3)his beloved;odd jobs;and all that
II Word Formation
1.embarrassment 2.survivors 3.newly 4.marketable 5.monthly 6.competition 7.conceivable
8.respectable
III.Usage
1.the poor 2.The deceased/The dead 3.the disabled 4.the French 5.The accused 6.the young 7.the unemployed 8.the latter…the former…
Comprehensive Exercises
I.Cloze
1.Text-related
1)died of 2)instantly 3)classic 4)ask around 5)surviving 6)retire 7)executive 8)replacement 9)stock 10)look…in the eye
2.Theme-related
1)impressed 2)diligence 3)Instead 4)Contrary 5)professionally 6)perform 7)personal
8)balance 9)commitment 10)revealed II.Translation 1.1)I‘m not sure where you can find a good carpenter---you‘d better ask around.2)Feeling a little embarrassed, he quickly cleared his throat and looked up at the painting on the wall.3)Michael was survived by three sons, two daughters, and his wife Elizabeth.4)As a financial expert, William advised us to invest our money in the stock market.5)We small retailers can‘t compete with supermarkets in pricing and sales.2.My dad is a hard-working executive of a manufacturing firm.He works six days a week.Every day he has to straighten out various kinds of problems so that he often stays up late/nights.However, he tries his best to balance/maintain balance between work and family.On Sundays my dad usually stays at home and cares for us as much as he can.To my greatest joy, he cooks our favorite dished and plays ball with us.Unit 6 Homework
动物到底想些什么
——尤金·林登
多年来，我写了大量关于动物智能实验、以及围绕这些实验所产生的争议的文章。动物真的有思想，即我们所说的意识吗？在考虑是否会有比设计教动物人类手势语的实验更好的方式探索动物智能时，我悟出了现在看来是显而易见的一点：如果动物能思维，它们会在能为自己所用的时候，而不是在科学家让它们思维的时候作出最佳思维。
于是我开始与兽医、动物研究人员以及动物园饲养员交谈。他们大都不研究动物智能，但他们每天都碰到或碰不到动物智能。他们讲述的故事开启了我相信是研究动物智能的一扇新的窗口：即动物在对付樊笼生活和地球上的主宰物种——人类——时所表现的高超的思维技能。
让我们做笔交易
请考虑这一情况：哥伦布动物园的一位动物保护主义者查伦·延德里觉察到一头叫做科洛的雌性大猩猩在玩弄一件可疑的物品。延德里走过去，给了科洛一些花生，却被翻了个白眼。意识到这是在讨价还价，延德里加大了筹码，又给了一片菠萝。这时候，科洛一边望着延德里，一边摊开手，露出了一根钥匙链。
见不是危险或珍贵物品，延德里松了一口气，把菠萝给了考勒。科洛真是个精明的还价者，它把钥匙链拉断，给了延德里一段，或许在算计着，要是每一小段都能换片菠萝，我干嘛要全都给她？
如果动物能在以物换物中显示技能，又何尝不会在使用钱币中再露一手？在田纳西大学人类学家琳·迈尔斯进行的一项手势语研究中，有头名叫夏特克的猩猩就这么做了。夏特克悟出，如果它干些诸如清理房间的事，他就能挣些硬币，好用来买好吃的，还可以坐迈尔斯的车外出兜风。但这头猩猩对钱币的理解似乎远远超出了简单的交易。迈尔斯一开始用塑料片充当硬币，而夏特克竟认定，它可以把塑料片拗成两片，以此扩大钱币供应量。而当迈尔斯改用金属片时，夏特克找到了一些锡箔，试图复制。
迈尔斯还试图教会夏特克一些好习惯，诸如节俭和与人分享。当我在它目前居住的亚特兰大动物园见到这头猩猩时，我果然见到它与人分享的一例，足以令任何人羡慕。迈尔斯给了夏特克一些葡萄，要求它与人分享，它很快吃完了所有的葡萄。随后，它似乎是想起了迈尔斯要它与人分享，便把梗儿递给了迈尔斯。
鲸鱼的故事
动物为什么会愿意与人合作？行为主义者会说，动物认识到合作于己有利时就会这么做。这没有错，但我觉得这一解释尚不充分。
动物行为顾问盖尔·劳尔说起过她了解的一头虎鲸奥基。―在我照管过的动物当中，它是最聪明的，‖她说，―它会审时度势，再根据自己的判断采取行动。‖
比如有次它救了一个家族成员。奥基的配偶科基生幼鲸时，那条幼鲸一开始情况不妙，饲养员把幼鲸用担架抬出水糟，实施紧急护理。他们把幼鲸送回水槽时，出了事情。当工人把担架停在高出水面几英尺处的时候，幼鲸开始呕吐。饲养员担心它会窒息，但他们无法接近幼鲸提供帮助。
奥基显然看出了问题，它游到担架下，让其中一人站在它头上。这种事从来没有训练它做过。然后，奥基用尾部保持平衡，让饲养员接近，并松开了那条420磅重的幼鲸，以便让它滑入水中，获得帮助。
灵长目动物的骗术
有时动物的智能可以从其欺骗的企图中得以证明。西雅图伍德兰公园动物园饲养员海伦·休曼回忆道，一天她从喂食窗口给猩猩梅拉蒂扔了个桔子。梅拉蒂没有移动身体去接，而是眼睛直视休曼，伸出手来。休曼以为桔子准是滚到一边拿不到了，就又给了它一个。可当梅拉蒂走开时，休曼却注意到原来那只桔子就藏在它另一只手里。猩猩园的头领托温目睹了这个把戏。第二天，这头雄猩猩也是眼睛盯着休曼，装作没有接到桔子。―你肯定没拿到吗？‖休曼问道。它仍直视着她，同时把手伸了出来。她让步了，又给了它一个，随后却看见它把桔子藏在脚下。
智能究竟是什么？如果生命就是讲物种的生存——而智能是为了生存——那么我们根本无法与大脑只有豌豆大小的海龟相提并论，海龟早在人类出现很久之前便已存在，并经历了使恐龙灭绝的重大灾难而生存下来。尽管如此，想到除了我们人类，尚有其它物种，即便它们的视野比我们还狭小，却也能退后一步，清醒地审视周围的世界，不由人深感宽慰。
Vocabulary Ⅰ
1.1)Fertile
2)Reflected
3)Overseas
4)Slim
5)Split
6)Sustained 7)Glow
8)Thrust
9)Keen
10)Bud
11)Previous
12)Whichever 2.1)The sickly smell of carpets and furniture in the bedroom disgusts me.2)Mary stopped corresponding with Henry after the death of her mother.3)A radio transmitter is best located at an isolated place far from cities.4)I was so absorbed in the game on TV that I didn‘t hear Martin come in.5)The rough surface of the basketball helps players grip the ball.3.1)to broaden;make their way
2)disgusts;take a chance on
3)the grand;and overseas;reflected Ⅱ
1.1)frightened 2)afraid/ frightened
2.1)alike/similar 2)similar
3.1)alive 2)living
4.1)sleeping 2)asleep Ⅲ
1.1)disappointed 2)disappointment 3)disappointing 4)disappoint
5)disappointingly 6)disappointing
2.1)attractive 2)attract 3)attraction 4)attractively 5)unattractively
6)unattractive
Comprehension Exercises ⅠCloze
1.Text-related
1)Identifying 2)gripped 3)margins 4)corresponding 5)overseas 6)little 7)hesitate
8)grateful 9)made my way 10)going my way
2.Theme-related
1)first 2)ring 3)Nor 4)another 5)threw 6)deliberately 7)reasoned 8)himself 9)restaurant 10)matter
ⅡTranslation 1.1)Before I went off to university, my grandfather gave me a few words of wisdom which impressed me deeply.2)Never tell my parents about my injuries and I‘ll be very grateful to you(for it).3)At the meeting some of our colleagues put forward sensible suggestions about improving our working environment.4)The management has/have agreed to grant the workers a 10% pay rise in response to union pressure.5)It was very thoughtful of the hostess to give the house a thorough cleaning before we arrived.2.Not rich himself, Uncle Li never hesitates to help others.Previous to/Before his retirement, through Project Hope he located the addresses of two country kids who grew up in poor families but had a keen desire to study.From then on he sent them money regularly.Later the two made their way to college, and even got a chance to study overseas.Unit 7
―铁轨上有孩子！‖
——杰克·墨菲 1989年5月1日，星期一，新泽西州的拉姆齐上午天气宜人。凯特·普里查德俯身站在车尾行李箱前，费力地收拾着刚买回家的一袋袋食品杂货。她听到远处火车的鸣笛声。联合铁路公司的火车经过的地方离普里查德家不到三百英尺，可在后院与铁轨之间没有栅栏，只有一排长得密密的树木。然而，她的两个儿子，三岁半的托德和十八个月的斯科特，就在近旁私家车道上玩耍。
―就呆在这儿，‖凯特说，―妈妈去把食品放好，然后我们进屋吃午饭，好吗？‖
―好！‖托德一面说，一面竖起大拇指，做着他以前看他父亲做的这个手势。
―好！‖斯科特随声应和，试着模仿他哥哥的样子。
他们望着母亲提着几个袋袋走进屋子。
凯特关好冰箱门匆匆走出屋来。还好。两个孩子正在原地玩耍。
当她从车后行李箱里又提出几个袋袋时，凯特听见有一列火车疾驶而过——是特快客车，她根据车速判断。她又将几个袋袋拿进屋去。
火车的声音显然把两个孩子的注意吸引到铁轨上。两人穿过那排树木，爬上笔陡的路基，跪在地上玩了起来。往西几千英尺处，一辆货车缓缓地朝两个孩子驶来。头顶上的灯向司机里奇·坎普纳发出信号，指示前面那辆客车已经开走，他们可以每小时40英里的正常速度继续运行。司机调整了加速器，转身面对列车员安东尼·法尔佐。安东尼中等身材，长得结结实实，现年35岁，已经为联合铁路公司干了差不多十六、七年。
―你周末都干点啥，安东尼？‖
―唉，不干什么。大多是瞎混——看点儿电视，然后睡觉。还能干什么？‖
坎普纳笑了。―嘿，你最好悠着点，安东尼——你都快成派对狂了。‖
两人哈哈大笑。就在他们大笑的时候，正以21英里的时速运行的机车开始加速。
里奇和安东尼在同一瞬间发现火车前方有什么东西。
―那前面是什么？‖司机问道。安东尼没回答。他目不转睛盯着前方看，试图辨识前方铁轨上那怪形怪状的东西。是盒子？还是旧衣裳？
猛然间，两个人都明白过来那是什么东西。里奇用尽全力猛地紧急刹车，并拉响了汽笛。
汽笛嘶鸣，与此同时安东尼大声嚷道：―铁轨上有孩子！‖ 安东尼冲出驾驶室，跳到车轮上方六英尺处一条狭窄人行踏板上，接着跑到摇摆的火车头前。他疾速攀下铁梯，停在梯子最后一级上，离他脚下飞速掠过的铁路路基有两英尺。
现在，他可以清楚地看到两个孩子，他们正坐在铁轨旁边。安东尼拼命挥手示意，并大声喊叫：―走开！走开！‖
他心里计算着火车的减速速度，痛苦地哼了一声。我们绝对不可能及时停车的。
托德和斯科特正玩得起劲，没听到火车的声音。最后，当火车轰隆隆驶近时，斯科特抬头一看，惊呆了。
尽管火车在减速，安东尼知道车速仍比他奔跑的速度快。所以，他强迫自己等待，等到离孩子足够近的时候，他再一跃而下一把将他们抓住。在孩子与火车头前的犁雪机锋利的雪铲只有约十英尺的时候，安东尼从梯子上纵身向前一跃。他落在铁轨旁拳头大小的散石上，使尽力气才保持住平衡。他跨出两大步，几乎就要够着两个孩子了。两个孩子吓坏了，目瞪口呆地望着他。安东尼纵身跃起，朝他们扑去。
火车汽笛不停地嘶鸣，凯特·普里查德听着就像是被铁锤猛击了一下。―孩子！‖她一声惊叫，冲出屋门。两个孩子不见了！
铁道，她心想。我得去铁道那儿！安东尼身子砸下地时，他一边护着托德，一边伸出一只手臂去抓斯科特，好把他拉离铁轨。但火车压了过来。安东尼只见雪铲的黑色钢刃击中幼孩的下巴，将他的头往后一推，铲子从他脸上括过。顿时，鲜血从孩子额头溅出。
车身猛撞安东尼工作服的后背，把尼龙布都撕破了。但安东尼还是把斯科特完全拉到了自己身下。
凯特奔到停下的火车前，首先看到的便是托德。她的大儿子失去控制，在那儿乱蹦乱跳，大声哭喊。但凯特看出他没受伤。她抓过他紧紧抱住。随后她看见第三节车厢下一动不动躺着一个人。只见这人身子下面斯科特的脑袋上黑糊糊一片血污。凯特冲过去。―斯科特！‖她尖声叫道。
安东尼扭转身子面对着她。―女士，‖他对她说，声音很镇静，―回家去。叫警察和救护车来。‖凯特没听进他的话，伸着手要抱孩子。安东尼又开口了，口气严厉了许多，―夫人，听着！回家打电话叫警察——叫救护车，快！‖
凯特飞奔回家，打了电话，又通过寻呼机找到她丈夫加里。
第一辆警车到达时，安东尼仍然紧抱着年幼的斯科特。列车员从孩子的哭声知道他还活着，但斯科特可能有内伤，稍一动弹就有可能加重伤势。因此安东尼坚持让急救人员先对孩子进行检查，然后才放手。真是奇迹，斯科特伤势不重，只需缝十三针。雪铲与地面之间只有十四英寸。记者后来问安东尼他在冒生命危险救孩子之前有否犹豫。
―没有，‖他回答道，―我当时所想到的就是那两个孩子前头还有整个人生，如果我不采取行动，他们必死无疑。我决不能让这样的悲剧发生。‖
事故发生后不久，安东尼去普里查德家探望。他还记得他用双臂抱住托德和斯科特并将两人举起的情景。―这让我想起当时在火车底下我护着他们的情景。再一次抱住他们的感觉是奇特的 ——也是美妙的。‖
普里查德夫妇说，自从第一次来探望之后，安东尼几乎成了他们家庭的一员。他们还说，现在有道栅栏把他们的街坊与铁轨隔开了。
Content Questions
Pair Work
1.He thinks animals will probably do their best thinking when it serves their own purposes, not when scientists ask them to.2.Because he believes they may encounter animal intelligence in their daily life.3.He regards them as a new window on animal intelligence.4.She wanted to get more pineapple.5.He expanded the money supply by breading chips in two.6.It shows he is clever and sly.He ate up the fruit leaving nothing but stems to share with Miles.7.They say that animals cooperate when they learn it is in their interest to do so.8.The author thinks that what behaviorists say is right, but he doesn‘t think their explanation is satisfactory enough.9.Because Orky was the most intelligent animal she had worked with.10.Corky is a female whale because she is Orky‘s mate and delivered a baby whale.11.Because she thought the orange must have rolled off somewhere inaccessible.12.Towan hid his orange underneath his foot.The act reveals some animals are intelligent enough to know how to deceive.Text Organization
1.Eugene Linden wants to tell the reader that animals do have, at least, some limited intelligence, and the personal experiences of those who are in close contact with animals are more convincing evidence than that any experiments can provide.2.Let‘s Make a Deal: Some animals are intelligent enough to know how to bargain with people.Tale of a Whale: Animals like whales can assess a situation and act accordingly.Primate Shell Game: Animals can attempt to deceive.Language Sense Enhancement
1.(1)controversy(2)consciousness(3)explore(4)serves their own purposes(5)encounter(6)lack of it(7)convinced(8)mental feats(9)captivity(10)humans
Language Focus
I.Vocabulary
1.1)go(very)far 2)has expanded 3)in the interest(s)of 4)only to
5)encountered 6)has cooperated 7)assessed 8)(had)switched
9)horizons 10)gaze 11)disaster 12)wiped out
2.1)… a long/long running controversy over whether the book should be published or not
2)… felt relieved after her first meeting with Tom had gone smoothly
3)...suddenly went wrong with my computer when I was in the middle of writing the essay
4)… is obvious that our company is still maintaining its composition as market leader in software.5)… give in until they give her a pay rise
3.1)have undertaken, original, to explore
2)evidence convinced, underneath, extending to
3)to negotiate, encounter, to figure out, explore
II.Confusable Words
1.firstly 2.first, first 3.At first 4.First/Firstly
5.first 6.First 7.at first 8.first
III.Usage
1.animal intelligence whose
2.zoo keeper where
3.eye contact through what
4.money supply of what
5.killer whale what kind
6.baby whale how old
7.family member of what
8.sea turtle what kind/where
Comprehensive Exercises
I.Cloze
1.(1)emergency(2)evidence(3)original(4)sizing up
(5)negotiates(6)reveal(7)make a deal(8)dominant
(9)in their interest(s)(10)deceiving(11)controversy
(12)judgment(13)explore
2.(1)protect(2)However(3)type(4)situation(5)sights
(6)together(7)rang(8)associate(9)without(10)environment
II.Translation
1.1)A local business undertook the project but went bankrupt before it was completed.2)Let‘s make a deal—you wash my car, and I‘ll let you use it tonight.3)We got to the village which we thought must have been wiped out in the severe earthquake, only to find it slightly damaged.4)My garden is dry and shady—few plants thrive in that condition
5)Mystery still surrounds the exact truth behind the film star‘s death/exact circumstance of the film star‘s death.2.When I was young I used to visit the zoo in my hometown.There what attracted me most was a couple of tigers, especially the male.They were dept in a huge iron cage at first, but later were released from it and moved to a place called Tiger Hill.Twenty years later I revisited the zoo and was relieved to find Tiger Hill was still there, but greatly extended.Moving around now were six tigers, old and young, instead of two!
unit8
关于懒散少年的寓言故事
——本杰明·斯坦
去年一个秋日，我文件夹用完了，便去杂货店买。我拿了一大把文件夹搁在柜台上，问一个十几岁的售货员多少钱。―不知道，‖她回答说，―反正单价12美分。‖
我数了数文件夹。―二十三个，单价12美分，总共2.76美金，不含税，‖我说。
―你心算的？‖她惊奇地问道，―你怎么会算出来的？‖
―靠魔力，‖ 我说。
―真的？‖ 她问。
略受教育的成年人没有谁不会为这样的经历难过。虽然我们的孩子似乎比以往任何时候都要温厚和气，他们却如此无知——对自己的无知状况也如此无知——以至使我感到可怕。在我最近任教的一所私立大学，一个六十人的四年级班上，没有一个学生写短文时不犯拼写错误。没有一个学生例外。
但这只是问题的一小部分。在我所见过的许多学生中，再也没有过去学生都有的哪怕是进行最简单的计算的能力，他们对世界历史和地理都一无所知。
更有甚者，他们对这种种的无知却毫不在乎，实在令人不寒而栗。一位朋友的聪明但却很懒散的十六岁儿子在解释他为什么不想上加州洛杉矶分校时说的话是对这种态度的高度概括。―我不想去那儿跟亚洲人竞争，‖他说，―他们用功，什么都知道。‖
其实，无论他是否愿意，这位年轻人都将不得不去跟亚洲人竞争。他不能永远躺在先辈积累的经济、物质与人力资本上。用不了多久，他懒于用脑的结果将严重影响他的生活方式，也将影响我们其他所有的人。一个现代工业化国家无法靠一支懒散、无知的劳动大军运行。飞机会坠落。计算机会出故障。汽车会抛锚。
为使这样的美国青年彻底认识到这一点，我的愚见是：拍一部电影，或电视连续剧，生动地描述我们国家的今天如何来之不易——而要丧失这一切又何其容易。下面我奉献一篇寓言故事。
故事开始时，我们的主人公凯文·汉利1990，一名十七岁的高三学生，正坐在自己房间里，心情痛苦。他父母一定要他准备欧洲史考试。而他则想去买一副激光唱片随身听的耳机。他被迫要读的书——《各国的财富》——让他打瞌睡。
凯文进入梦乡，时值1835年，他是他本人的曾太祖父，十七岁，是爱尔兰克雷郡的一个农民。他住在小小的陋室里，睡在一头猪旁。他老是挨饿，总是要找吃的。他最大的心愿是学会读书写字，以便找一个职员的工作。有了固定的工资，他就能养活自己，贴补家用。但汉利的贫穷使他无从享受上学这样的奢侈。没有教育，没有钱，他无能为力。他惟一的希望寄托在孩子身上。如果他们能接受教育，他们就会生活得好一些。
我们的寓言故事快速展开。现在凯文·汉利1990成了他自己的曾祖父，凯文·汉利1928。他也是十七岁，在匹兹堡一家钢铁厂工作。他的父亲从爱尔兰来到美国，参加过纽约地铁的修建。凯文·汉利1928比自己的父亲和祖父境遇好多了。他能读书写字。他的工资比先辈在爱尔兰时的收入高多了。
接下来凯文·汉利1990梦见自己成了他自己的祖父凯文·汉利1945。他正在硫黄岛与死敌日本军队作战。他总是又热又饿又害怕。一天晚上他在散兵坑里与一个朋友讲自己为什么在那儿作战：―这样我的儿子、孙子就能生活在和平安全的环境里。等我回国了，我要勤奋工作，让儿子上大学，这样他就可以干脑力活儿，而不是靠卖苦力生活。‖
接着凯文·汉利1990成了他自己的父亲凯文·汉利1966。他终日用功，这样就可以上大学，进法学院。他住在漂亮的房子里。他一生在和平环境中过着富裕的生活。他对女朋友说，等他有了儿子，他不会像他父亲逼他那样逼自己的儿子整天读书。
就在这时，凯文·汉利1990被自己的梦惊醒了。他离开了爱尔兰，离开了那家钢铁厂，离开了硫黄岛，不由松了口气。他又睡着了。
他接着做梦，这次成了他自己的儿子凯文·汉利2020。枪声日夜不停。他那整个一代人忘却了过去为什么要有法律，因此现在没有法律了。人们丝毫不关心政治，政府不为工人阶级提供服务。
凯文2020的父亲，自然就是凯文1990本人，在日本人开的一家工厂当清洁工。凯文2020在一家专为有钱的欧洲人和亚洲人开的酒店里当行李工。公共教育到六年级为止。美国人早就不再要求自己的孩子接受良好的教育。
凯文1990最后梦见的是他自己的孙子。凯文2050没有有用的技能。日本制造的机器包揽了所有复杂的工作，没有什么体力活可做。没有受过教育，没有受过训练，他挣不到足够的钱养活自己。他住在贫民窟，没有暖气，没有卫生设备，无法不受四邻干扰，靠搜捡破烂度日。
总之，他的生活就像凯文·汉利1835在爱尔兰时一模一样。可是有一天，凯文·汉利2050与一位研究美国衰亡史的来访日本人类学家交上了朋友。那人跟凯文解释说，如果一个人没有钱，教育能提供积累金融资本所必需的人力资本。勤奋、教育、节俭、纪律能成就一切。―我们就是这样从一百多年前你们打败我们的战争废墟中站起来的。‖
―美国在战争中打败日本？‖凯文2050问道。他惊讶之极。这听起来就像说巴西在1990年打败美国一样不可思议。凯文2050发誓，如果他有孩子的话，他一定要让他们工作、上学、学习并约束自己。―能凭自己的脑力，而不是靠偷窃为生，‖他说，―那将会是个奇迹。‖
凯文1990醒了过来，身旁放着他的那本《各国的财富》。他打开书，跳入眼帘的第一句话就是：―一个不能恰当运用人类智力的人极可能比懦夫更可鄙。‖
凯文的父亲走了进来。―好了，儿子，‖ 他说，―咱们去看耳机吧。‖
―抱歉了，爸爸，‖凯文1990说，―我得看书学习了。‖
Pair work
1.She was amazed at the author‘s ability to do mental calculation.2.Children can‘t spell correctly;their knowledge of word history and geography is non-existent
3.He didn‘t want to compete with the hard-working Asians at U.C.L.A.He preferred a less intellectually challenging life.4.A modern industrial state cannot function with an idle, ignorant labor force.5.To use the media to dramatize and drive home the message to today‘s teenagers.6.He is fed up with the book he is forced to red.7.They can‘t read or write.They place their hopes on their children.8.He works as a cleaner in a factory owned by the Japanese.9.Because he has no education, no useful skill, and no discipline.10.Americans stop demanding good education foe children.Machines do all the complex work and there is little manual work to be done.America is poorer than Japan and European countries.11.Hard work education, saving and discipline help a nation rise from the ashes.12.He finally comes to realize the importance of study.Work on your own 1.Part one paras.1-10
Teenagers‘ idleness and ignorance will produce serious effects on all concerned and society as a whole.Part two paras.11-24
Kevin 1990 comes to realize in his dream how greatly lack of education costs his forebears, himself, his children and the society they live in, and how important it is to study hard.2.Part one
Teenagers‘ intellectual laziness and ignorance
Part two
Kevin 1990, his forebears(with the exception of his intellectual father),and his children lead a poor, miserable life.America is on the decline.There is no law and order in the country.America children have no chance to receive a good education.Businesses in America are owned by wealthy Europeans and Asians.Language sense enhancement
Indifference(1)
Summed up(2)
Preferred(3)
Financial（4）
Accumulated（5）
Intellectual（6）
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