轮机长大管轮中英文应聘指南

第一篇：轮机长大管轮中英文应聘指南

轮机长/大管轮面试指南

字体: 小 中 大 | 打印 发表于: 2009-5-14 10:11 作者: 上海船人 来源: 海员联盟

轮机长/大管轮面试指南 发布时间：2008-8-7 11:56:05 轮机长面试问题及参考答案

轮机长是轮部的第一把手，也是船上仅次于船长的重要管理人员。实践表明，没有很好的轮机长是很难保证船舶的安全的。目前，世界主要船队的船舶老化问题相当严重，而要保证大龄船舶的营运安全，没有很好的轮机班子是很难实现的。因此，船东在面试船员时轮机长往往是他们考核的重点。特别是东南亚的很多船东公司，他们对轮机长的考核从技术到管理，每一环都很严格。对轮机长的经验、技术和解决实际问题的能力尤其相当重视。我们认为，轮机长不但要有丰富的经验、灵活的头脑，也要有很好的管理能力和团队工作精神，只有这样，才能管好轮机班子，才能和船长以及甲板部的管理工作配合好。

另外，经验表明，相对船长和甲板部队的人员而言，轮机长的英语相对稍弱一些，希望在业余时间下苦功练习英语听力和写作。面试时主要是看你的听力理解，而在国外船上干时主要是做一些英文的确PAPER WORK，另一方面，随着ISM的生效和强制实施，PSC检查和EXTRA AUDIT方面的审核都要求一定的听力和书写方面的能力。

下面的一些问题不但有技术方面的，也有很多是管理方面的，请轮机长在阅读时能举一反三，联想到其他船东可能考到的问题。

1.Can you tell something about your last ship? What types(brands)of main engine have you ever experienced? My last ship(type of engine, horse power, trading area, GRT/DWT, etc.)I have experience with several different types of main engines, such as Sulzer, B&W, MAN, PC etc.2.What abilities should a Chief Engineer possess? First, I think it is very important for a Chief Engineer to be skillful and proficient at work.Second, he should maintain good management in the engine department.Third, he should be able to try to motivate every person under his management by assigning jobs fairly among them.Fourth, he needs to be good in English and language communication.Last, it is very important for a Chief Engineer to maintain good relationship with the Master, the technical superintendent and other personnel from company, First Engineer and the Chief Officer.Above all, he should listen to orders from the Master in most cases.轮机长不是船上的轮机总工程师，也是仅次于船长的重要的管理人员。因此，在做好自己技术工作的同时，更应该考虑如何做好管理工作。轮机长和船长的配合也是非常关键的。上面的答案仅供参考。3.What were the consumption rates of cylinder lube oil and fuel oil in your previous ship? For your reference: for a 10000HP main engine, the consumption rate of fuel oil could be roughly 20~25 tons per day, cylinder oil about 280~310 liters per day(depending on the engine type).The duty engineer should check to see if the consumption is normal.The Second Engineer usually is responsible for checking the fuel oil and recording the figures in the Engine Log Book.Lube oil should be checked on every duty watch.The Chief Engineer is responsible for application of the supplies of lube oil and fuel oil.4.Can you please describe in detail the bunkering procedures? I should make a bunkering plan firstly according to the ship owner’s instructions and then report the plan to the Master for approval.Secondly, a bunkering meeting should be held to specify the responsibilities of crew during the procedure.Thirdly, preparations of the following like plugs, extinguishers, drums, alarms, communication means, and fuel oil system graphics(drawing)should be made.Fourthly, I should order the Third Engineer to measure the oil volume in the supplier’s tanks and record the flow meter figures.Bunkering starts after all is ready.I should order the duty engineer to take sounding all the time, especially at the beginning and at the end of bunkering each tank.My duty engineers should pay attention to the oil pressure, the temperature and the oil sample to be taken and used as evidence in the future.Lastly, I should not sign the receipts, regardless of any delay, until quantities of the bunkered oil are confirmed.I should also note down any dispute over the quantity or adverse specifications of bunkers taken on the receipt and advise the company.I should bear the following precautions in my mind during bunkering.Before bunkering, I need to make sure that all scuppers are plugged and cemented.I should stop ballasting, de-ballasting and taking fresh water on board whist bunkering, if possible.If I have to do all the jobs together, I should take all care to prevent an overflow of water and fuel oil.If the decks become awash due to such water overflow or rain, then bunkering should be stopped whilst the scuppers are being drained.5.Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space.Please describe the procedures of entry into and work in enclosed spaces.More than 18% and no more than 23% of oxygen in an enclosed space will be OK for the safety of the workers.The procedures are as follow First, I should prepare an entry permit to be signed by the Master.Second, before entry is allowed, all the relevant manholes should be opened for ventilation.Third, the air and surrounding of the enclosed space should be tested to see whether it is safe.Fourth, necessary equipment like the fire extinguisher, lights, communication equipments should be carried by the crew when entering.Fifth, before entry into an enclosed space, a meeting regarding the work procedure should be held.Lastly, when someone is working in a enclosed space, good communication between the crew inside and the crew outside should be maintained and the emergency rescue team should stand by for any rescue work.When entering, at least one of the crew inside is to do the lookout job.During the crew’s stay in the space, ventilation should be continuously on to provide enough oxygen.6.What is a “Bunkering Plan”? A bunkering plan is made according to the owner’s and / or charterer’s order, the passage(voyage)plan, and capacity of the tanks, oil ROB, and so on.A bunkering plan is made by the Chief Engineer and approved by the Master and the company.Generally, the volume of the bunkered oil shouldn’t exceed 85% of tank capacity.7.What will you do if the oil supplied by the oil company is less than the agreed amount after bunkering? Receipts should not be signed, regardless of any delay, until quantities are confirmed by all parties concerned.Any dispute over the quantity or adverse specifications of bunker taken shall be noted on the fuel receipt and the company should be advised accordingly.8.Did you ever encounter any mechanic problems on board your previous vessels? How did you handle them? It is suggested to answer this question frankly and honestly.不必编造故事，除非故事是完整的，没有任何疏漏的。

9.The ISM Code requires preventive maintenance schedules.How do you make your maintenance schedules? According to the ISM Code, the preventive maintenance plan is made based on the ship’s “Planned Maintenance System” and the machinery running hour records.This plan should be made on an annual basis(or a five-year basis).Usually, the monthly maintenance schedules are made based on the annual preventive maintenance schedules are made based on the annual preventive maintenance plan and the basic occasional maintenance work.10.Have you ever been to the US ports? Are you familiar with the USCG inspections? 美国是是世界上港口国检查最为严厉的国家之一。对轮机长来说，去过美国，经历过美国的港口国检查对船东来说是很重要的资历。但是，若没有去过，千万不要生搬硬套，编造故事。另外，如果您做大管轮时去过，也是很好的经历。

Some of the useful words you may use when you answer the question: US ports: New York, New Orleans, San Francisco, Tampa, Houston, Mississippi River, etc.USCG refers to the US coast guards.The most important thing in US is the sanitation(hygiene).Besides, fire fighting equipments(FFE)and life saving apparatus(LSA)and training drills must be well prepared for check.我也来说两句 查看全部回复

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 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:12:39)

11.What do you know about the “SOPEP”?

SOPEP means Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan.The SOPEP should contain(but not limited to)the following contents.(1)Procedures to be followed by the Master or other crew in case of oil pollution.(2)Pollution reporting system and the authority or persons to be contacted in the event of pollution including the telephone numbers etc.(3)Detailed description of actions to be taken immediately by persons on board to reduce or control the discharge of oil after the incident.(4)List of oil spill response equipment to be maintained and prepared on board.(Remover, sprayer, oil absorbent, saw dust, sand, waste rags, scoop, shovels, buckets, bamboo brooms, portable pump, protective clothing, portable containers).The essence of the Plan is to avoid any possible oil leakage and oil pollution.Simply speaking, SOPEP should include such things as the emergency contacts(telephone and other communication means, address etc.), the equipment used in dealing with oil pollution, the muster list for oil pollution, the report procedure when the accident happen etc.SOPEP is compulsory on board most of the ships according to the ISM code.IOPP is the certificate for the vessel that is qualified for the requirements issued by the Class on oil pollution prevention.12.What are the possible causes of crankshaft failure? Too big or too small clearance between bush and shaft is one of the most possible reasons(曲轴间隙过大/过小).Other reasons include material problem, dirtiness of the lube oil, uneven loading(负荷不均)in each cylinder, bad lubricating(润滑不良)，and deformation of frame and bedplate.13.What actions should be taken when there is oil overflow on deck during bunkering?(1)Stop pumping and other operations first(2)Ring the alarm immediately(3)Crew should come to their respective position and take actions immediately according to the SOPEP(4)If there is a possibility of fire, the Muster List for fire should be followed(5)After finishing all the actions, records should be made on what has happened(6)Draw lessons from the incident to avoid future reoccurrence of the same kind of incident 14.Explain the important things when you take over from the previous Chief Engineer.I shall familiarize myself with the following(1)The engine department personnel(2)The SMS manuals and other documents on board(3)Conditions of the vessel, the engine and the equipment to see whether there are any problems left(4)Any outstanding claims and incident reports in the service period of the previous Chief Engineer should be cleared(5)Engine logbook(6)The ROB volume of the fuel oil, the diesel oil, lube oil and chemicals(7)CMS survey items(8)PMS overdue items and relevant reports After finishing all the items in the checklist for handover, we two shall sign our names for evidence, one copy of which with the signature of the master shall be sent to the company.15.Please explain what the Chief Engineer’s Standing Order is? What does Night Order include? It is basically the Chief Engineer’s own set of instructions and orders for the operation of the engine department.The orders should include any particular operating procedures that the Chief Engineer wishes to emphasize.The set of standing orders and procedures must include the following: Operating procedures for main engine Operating procedures for auxiliary engine Watch procedures UMS procedures When to call the Chief Engineer Emergency shutdown procedures Daily monitoring and logs Arrival/Departure procedures Operation of steering gear and test procedures Bunkering procedures Safe procedures in the engine room Duties of junior engineers and ratings Different vessels may lave different contents concerning the standing order of the Chief Engineer.But basically, the contents above should be covered.The standing order should be put in the engine control room and in the cabin of the Chief Engineer.The night order should include such things as the warnings, lookout and when to call the Chief Engineer etc.The C/E needs to prepare night order every night before he goes to sleep.16.What is the UMS? Do you have any experience on UMS? Under what circumstances the engine rooms can not is operated in UMS way? UMS means Unmanned(unattended)Machinery Space.I have experienced UMS on board one ship.Under the following circumstances, the engine room cannot be operated in UMS way:(1)When fire detection and extinguishing system are not fully operational(2)When main engine monitoring, control and alarm system are not fully operational(3)When key auxiliary equipment or its controls and alarm system are not fully operational(4)The instruction from the Master demands that the engine room is to be manned(5)When arrival/departure in port(6)During cargo operation and on other occasions when the Chief Engineer determines that the engine room should remain manned 17.When do you apply emergency shutdown procedures and what do you shut down? Emergency shutdown includes(1)main engine emergency shutdown(2)ventilation emergency shutdown(3)fuel oil valves emergency shutdown(4)Sky light quick closing(5)ventilator quick closing damper.Emergency shutdown are used when emergency situations(e.g.fire etc)happens. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:13:58)

18.What do the engine room safety procedures include? The safety procedures include the procedures for maintenance work, overhaul and lifting subjects, high-location and multi-layer(多层和高空作业)，hull side work, hot work, entry into enclosed space, cleaning and painting, using steel bottle and so on.19.Name some critical(important)equipment in the engine room on board your last vessel.According to the SMS manuals of the company on board my last vessel, the following engines and machine are critical equipment: Steering gear, winch and windlass, emergency battery, generator and emergency generator, main engines, life-boat engine, fire extinguisher pump, oil-water separator.Different companies may name different critical equipment on board different ships.Anyway, critical equipment should be given full care in daily work and should be checked and recorded periodically.As far as I know, some companies just name main engine, steering gear, and generator as critical equipment.Some other companies also include winch, mooring equipment, lifeboat engine etc.on the critical equipment list.20.Under what conditions is hot work not allowed? Hot work is not allowed under the following conditions.(1)During cargo operation when handling flammable cargoes unless the ship has obtained permission from terminal or port authority(2)During bunkering(3)In enclosed spaces or where atmosphere is suspicious(4)On the top of the oil tanks, or any bulkhead or deck bordering on oil tanks(5)When vessel is alongside(6)Some other occasions that the Chief Engineer and the Master think it not allowable(7)Under heavy weather condition 21.What is ILO Convention147? What is ISGOTT? What is COLREGS 1972? ILO Convention 147 is The Merchant Shipping(Minimum Standards)Convention, 1976(No.147)(and its Protocol of 1996).This rule is made by the International Labor Organization Conference.In this Convention, the minimum internationally acceptable labor standards for seamen in merchant ships are stipulated.Convention No.147 requires the flag State to adopt minimum standards relating to safety, social security, and shipboard conditions of employment and living arrangements to be observed in merchant shipping registered under any flag.ISGOTT means International safety Guidelines for oil Tankers and Terminals.COLREGS means Convention on international regulations for preventing collisions at sea.These two are normal publications on board the vessel.22.How often did the superintendent of your last vessel come on board for inspection? How will you cooperate with the superintendent of the company in the future? Twice a year.But for other vessels, the superintendents may come on the board more often than this.The superintendents come on board to check the ship’s maintenance, the crew and management situation on board and put forward some suggestions.I will respect the superintendent and try to make his work easier.Besides, during his stay on board, I will discuss with him on some important matters concerning the maintenance of the machines and the management of the engine crew.和公司监督配合好是件很重要的事情，不管监督代表的建议是否完全正确，也要虚心倾听，否则，可能会导致船上高级管理人员下岗。其实，很多监督都是很有经验的船长和轮机长，他们对公司的管理体系和船况非常了解，往往从他们那里可学到很多有用的知识。23.During bunkering, what flag should you hoist? The B flag should be hoisted in the daytime and red lights at port sides should be turned on at night.24.What are the possible reasons for the sudden stoppage of the main engine?(1)The cooling water may have got some problem(most engines have got high temperature alarm only)(2)Over-speed of the engine(3)Low lube oil pressure(4)Oil mist detector alarm may be on 25.What do you usually talk about in the Safety Meeting on board a ship? The safety meeting is held at least once a month and there should be a minutes after the meeting.The safety meeting is chaired by the Master.At the meeting, the Master shall review the minutes of last meeting and highlight the areas to be improved and rectified.Each department head shall report their overall work at the meeting.The accidents, incidents and non-conformities found in last month will be discussed and checked to see whether the non-conformities have been closed or not.Officers and Engineers are required to deal with the unfinished matters.Matters requiring coordination between the engine and deck department will also be discussed. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:17:08)

26.What ranks should not be allowed to have the shore leave at the same time? In view of the jobs on board, the following positions and ranks can not be allowed to have shore leave at the same time: the Master and Chief Officer;the Chief Engineer and First Engineer;the Chief Engineer and Electrician;the Bosun and Pumpman(in tankers);the Chief Cook and Second Cook(or mess boy);the Chief Officer and Pumpman(in tankers).27.What is the maximum blood alcohol concentration(BAC)rate on board? According to the STCW95, the BAC shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested, but the CFR(Code of Federal Regulations)requires the BAC to be no more than 0.04%.watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their watch.28.What should a Muster List include? What kind of Must Lists did you have on the last vessel? A Muster List should include the following points(1)Details of emergency alarm signal(2)How ship-abandon order will be given(3)Substitutes for the key personnel who may become disabled(4)The boat to which each person belongs and duties to be performed in an abandon ship situation(5)The specific group to which a person belongs and general duties during various emergencies(6)Any additional or specific duties(7)Specific assembly point of each group The Muster Lists must be ready before a ship sails We had the following Muster Lists on board the last vessel: General emergency, fire fighting, fire in the engine, emergency steering, abandon-ship, man overboard, oil prevention station.29.Who is a Qualified Individual(QI)? A Qualified Individual under OPA 90 of the United States is very similar to d Designated Person of the shipowner under the ISM system.But according to the US law on pollution prevention, this person is the designated person to be nominated by the shipowner in charge of the safety and oil prevention affairs when the vessels come to the US ports.This person should be a US citizen and is familiar with the US laws and rules on oil prevention.30.When heating the fuel oil, what should you pay special attention to? I should pay attention to the temperature to make sure that the fuel oil is not too hot to damage the cargo in the holds, especially when loading grain, paper, wood flammable cargo, etc.On board modern ships, the fuel oil shift pump system has replaced the steam heating pipe system in oil tanks.This system can prevent the fuel oil from being overheated to damage the cargo.31.Do you know the Oil Pollution Act 1990(OPA 1990)? This Act is a law on the prevention of oil pollution in US territorial waters.It was passed in 1990 by the US congress.It mainly deals with the responsibilities, the indemnities, prevention and cleaning of the pollutants in the sea.The oil tanker crew must be familiar with this ACT.32.Have you ever lifted pistons of a main engine or generator? What procedure do you know? Yes, I have experienced many overhaul work of main engine and auxiliary engines.The lifting of pistons shall follow the following procedure: Firstly, a preparatory meeting shall be held and all the precautions to be taken shall be discussed.In the meeting, the personnel responsible shall be designated.General and specific tools shall be prepared for the job.All equipment should be checked before the job can be started.When the cylinder cover is opened, the surface of the cylinder liner should be checked thoroughly.Some cleaning work including grinding ridge should be carried out.After that, the piston can be lifted out and cleaned.The parameters of the cylinder liner, piston, piston rod, piston rings, grooves and bearing clearances should be measured. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:18:15)

33.Why does the turbine super-charger surge(喘振)? There are basically five main reasons.High backpressure of the exhaust manifold and low flowing quantity;Rapid change in load Insufficient supply of fuel oil or bad combustibility(1)Failure of turbine blade, nozzle and diffuser(2)Narrowed scavenging of air passage or scavenge fire 34.Do you know something about the internal and the external audit? During the internal audit, how will you cooperate with the auditors? Usually, the internal audit is carried out once or twice a year in accordance with the owner’s SMS manuals.It is under the charge of the Designated Person(DP), or at the discretion of the DP.The Master should hold a pre-audit meeting with the officers and engineers after receiving the audit notice.The Master should make sure that the best cooperation is provided to the auditors of the company and the documents to be audited are well prepared.The external audit is carried out by the professional auditors.If nonconformities and observations are found either in the internal or external audit, the ship should make rectification in the stipulated time.35.How should you deal with the garbage on board the ship? MARPOL 73/78 provides for detailed regulations on garbage disposal.Usually, any shipping company should have its own Garbage Management Plan in its SMS manuals.Usually, the Chief Engineer or the Chief Officer is the designated person in charge of carrying out the garbage disposal, but all crew on board should follow the garbage management plan.Garbage is disposed in four steps, i.e.collection, separation, processing and disposal.The Chief Engineer or the Chief Officer should make clear records in the Garbage Record Book.The Master has to make sure the Garbage Record Book is available for checks at any time.The garbage can roughly be divided into two types: the biodegradable and persistent garbage.The former refer to those that can be rotten by themselves, such as food paper, and wood;the latter refers to those that can not rotten themselves, such as plastic, mental etc.the persistent garbage can never be thrown into the sea.36.How would you balance your engine after taking over power diagram? What is the use of VIT? This is done by adjustment of the individual pump racks on fuel injection pump.It is usually carried out after careful analysis of the results of the power diagram(indicator cards)wherein we can decide which units need adjustment.Exhaust temperatures have to be carefully monitored since this will nearly indicate the Pmax condition.Pump rack scale should be limited to within 3 mm deviation.If after adjustment and results are negative, components such as piston rings, fuel valves, fuel injection pump, exhaust valve etc.have to be inspected at first opportunity.VIT or variable injection timing is a device further incorporated on fuel injection pump to automatically adjust maximum combustion pressure by changing the position of the pump barrel(changes the pump timing), which in turn control the amount of fuel delivered.It is usually advantageous to improve the main engine running at part load to save consumption of fuel oil because the main engine may keep the proper maximum combustion pressure in comparison with the pressure at full load.37.Before overhauling work is done, what preparations should you make? In every machinery overhaul, preparation is extremely important.The preparations usually include the following:(1)Overhaul schedule(time and place to be decided)(2)Anticipate the conditions and/or activities at the place of overhaul(3)Check necessary spares and special tools that will be required(4)Make necessary requisitions for spares if necessary(5)Discuss the matter with the Master and ask for his approval(6)Inform concerned persons of the planned overhauling work(7)Conduct “toolbox meeting”, which should cover the following items: Personal protective equipment Specific duties/assignments of each crew Time allotted for the overhauling work Safety measure to be taken Work to be discussed with the aid of drawing, finished plan Tools and spares to be used Checklist to be done prior to overhaul Person to report to in case of doubt or trouble After the overhaul, I should make sure of the following: There is no leakage and that all parts have been replaced in order.All tools used are secured in their respective location.The spot of overhaul is cleaned.The machinery is tried out for proper operation and function.All safety devices are checked.38.When you take over a vessel, in order that the turnover is smooth and that you won’t meet some problems in your future jobs, what would you normally be careful about? I shall talk with the outgoing Chief Engineer regarding the following: The machinery condition, status of the engine tools, spares and special tool, any forthcoming activities, inventory, port itineraries;survey and dry docking status, oil record book, engine logbook, log abstract and other important items such bunkering, PSC check, internal and eternal audits.I shall make a round of inspections throughout the ship together with the outgoing Chief Engineer and note down any unusual condition or abnormal observed.39.What is “weardown” of a propeller shaft? How is it measured? How much clearance would you consider to be normal? Weardown of a propeller shaft refers to the drop of the shaft or the wear of shaft bearing.The bridge gauge or weardown gauge is used to measure wear of the shaft in relation to its own housing in a static condition.I would consult the instruction manual for the normal clearance.40.Name some machines that would require attention and preparation prior to IOPP survey.I should pay attention to the following machines and documents before IOPP inspection: Oily-water separator, ODM(oil discharge monitor), incinerator, bilge pumping equipment, sewage plant, oil content meter, quick closing valves, garbage management and oil record book.I should make sure that all these machines are well prepared for survey and questioning. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:19:22)

41.What is “critical speed”? Why is it important to avoid this when the ship is in maneuvering or steaming? Critical speed is a term related to the engine RPM where the engine is not allowed to operate continuously.Critical speed will cause abnormal vibration, excessive loading condition and high torques, which in turn will cause damage to the hull and equipment of the ship.42.Why is it important to have marine growth protection on the vessel? It is because marine growth causes harmful and troubling effects on ship’s seawater cooling system, which could create problems on ship’s operation later on.It also causes the ship’s performance to decrease(reduced speed)due to fouling of the hull promoting frictional resistance against the water.43.Are you in favor of regular meetings on board? How will you conduct a management meeting? I think that regular management meetings are very important to the safe operation of the engine room or even the whole ship.We can discuss some important management and technical questions at the meeting.We can also improve our communication with each other through regular meetings.Thus, it is conducive to the cultivation of teamwork spirit and harmonious atmosphere.44.What special tools and spare parts do you use for docking repair? Special spanners, hydraulic tools, O-shape sealing ring and special measuring tools.45.How do you prevent the fire in the scavenging air box? Considerable deposits of dirty oil, sludge in the scavenging air space, can be caused fire.The draining pipes of the space must be checked carefully and keep them not to be blocked.The scavenging air space should be checked and cleaned regularly.The cylinder lubricator should be adjusted properly and all cylinder liners, piston and piston rings should be dept in good condition.46.What preparation should you do for entering a port? The following preparations for entering a port should be made and confirmed by Chief Engineer.a)Astern test in steps from ahead to astern b)Running of generator and other necessary equipment c)Check alarm system d)Steering gear test with 12 hours prior entry to a port e)Other necessary matters 47.Please give a brief description of fuel oil system? The fuel oil system includes the equipments and mechanisms used to transfer the fuel oil from storage places to the combustion in the cylinder.The fuel oil system can be divided into two parts, the supply and the injection system.The function of the supply system is providing the fuel oil from the storage places to the injection system.The function of the injection system is providing the proper amount of fuel oil at the right time and in a suitable condition for combustion process.48.What equipment in engine room is usually inspected during the PSC safety inspection? Skylights quick-closed gear, the ventilator quick-closed damper, emergency generator, emergency switchboard, emergency steering gear, emergency fire pump, the oily water separator, the incinerator and the sewage treatment plant.49.What do you know about the ISM code and SMS? How many chapters are there in the ISM Code(as amended)? The ISM code is the International Safety Management Code.The purpose of this Code is to provide an international standard for the safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention.The objectives of the Code are to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular to the marine environment and to property.The newly-amended ISM Code right now has 16 years SMS means safety management system, and this system is mad based on the 16 elements of ISM Code, which is a compulsory part SOLAS 74.The shipowner or manager cannot get Document of Compliance(DOC)and SMC without audited Safety Management Certificate(SMC)by Class designated by the flag registry country administration.Every company should develop, implement and maintain a safety management system(SMS).50.What do Observation, Non-conformity and Major non-conformity in the ISM Code mean respectively? Observation means a statement of fact made during a safety management audit and substantiated by objective evidence.Non-conformity means an observed situation where objective evidence indicates the nonfulfillment of a specified requirement.Major non-conformity means an identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel or the ship or a serious risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action and includes the lack of effective and systematic implementation of requirement of this Code.(摘自新ISM Code 原文)以上内容不一定要非常准确详细地背诵，但至少要知道大致的内容，尤其要知道，ISM规则是变化、开放的国际公约，其内容经常进行修改和增加。此外，随着ISM规则的改变，各船东和管理公司对SMS也要进行相应的修改和补充。

 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:20:16)

51.What items do you need to put down in the Oil Record Book? The matters related to the following items shall be entered in the Oil Record Book every time: a.Ballasting or cleaning of fuel oil tanks.b.Discharge of Dirty ballast or cleaning water from fuel oil tanks.c.Collection and disposal of oily residual substance(sludge).d.Non-automatic discharge or disposal otherwise of bilge in the machinery space.e.Automatic discharge or disposal otherwise of bilge in the machinery space.f.Conditions of the oil discharge monitoring and control system.g.Accidental or other exceptional discharge of oil.h.Supply of fuel oil and bulk-loaded lubricating oil.i.Other work and necessary matters. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:21:24)大管轮面试问题及参考答案

大管轮是轮机部非常重要的管理人员，因此船东对大管轮的面试和挑选非常重视。大管轮的面试一船集中在日常部门管理能力和轮机长的配合能力、服从意识，以及关于主、辅机、舵机以及甲板机械等机器设备的管理和保养等方面。同时，还要大管轮了解《国际安全管理规则》(ISM)的相关知识。

1.What are the responsibilities of the First Engineer on board a ship? The First Engineer is under the leadership of the Chief Engineer.He is responsible for the following.(1)Day-to-day running of the Engine room.(2)Management of the Engine department personnel.(3)Safety matters in the Engine room.(4)All maintenance and repair jobs on board ship(5)The main engine and its auxiliary equipment, steering gears, emergency equipments in engine room, etc.(6)Making and implementing the PMS(Planned Maintenance System)(7)Requisition for, receipt and control of spare parts and stores(8)Supervision of the jobs of engine crew.(9)Keeping watch from 0400 to 0800 and from 1600 to 2000 except for UMS operation.2.What is your emergency position on the Muster List on your last vessel? I control and operate the main engine except for the abandon-ship and fire in engine room emergency situations.3.Can you describe an emergency situation you ever encountered on board ships? No, I have never met any emergency situation before now.4.Which machineries and space parts should be under your charge? I should be responsible for the main engine, the service pumps for main engine, steering gear, accommodation air condition, provision of refrigerator and the emergency equipments.I should also prepare maintenance reports, fuel oil and lubrication oil samples analysis, inventory report of spare parts, store and spare parts requisitions, etc.5.Describe the procedure to start a fresh water generator, boiler, emergency generator? In case of fresh water generator:(1)Check the valves to make sure that they are in the normal position(2)Open the sea water valves of condenser and supply sea water to heating chamber(3)Start the sea water ejector pump to draw out the vacuum until the heating chamber vacuum reaches 93%(about 700 mmHg)(4)Open the water heating valves and keep the heating chamber temperature around 45 degrees Centigrade(5)When the condensed water reaches a certain level, start the distilled water pump, and keep its pressure no less than 0.2MPa.(6)Start chemical liquid feed pump.In case of automatic boiler:(1)Check the water level to make sure there is normal volume of water inside(2)Open the vent valve on top of the boiler(if it is first time to raise pressure from cold condition)(3)Confirm the boiler water supply pumps are in “Auto” condition(4)Switch on the power supply(5)Put the boiler control switch in “Auto” condition

(6)Automatically start the boiler, close the air vent valve while the boiler steam pressure reaches 0.02 MPa.(7)Confirm the boiler can auto stop while it pressure reaches “high limit”(e.g.0.7MPa)In case of manual boiler(1)Check the water level to make sure there is normal volume of water inside and put the feed water pump in “Auto” position

(2)Open the vent valve on top of the boiler(if it is first time raise pressure from cold condition)(3)Put the draft fan in “Manual” position, and make preventive blow to avoid any possible explosion(4)Put the fuel oil pump in “Manual” position

(5)Ignite fire by pressing the manual button, if the fire “On”, put valve(6)When the steam pressure reaches to 0.1MPa, close the air vent valve(7)After making sure that everything is in order, the normal burning can be done to make the steam pressure reach required level In case of emergency generator(1)Check the lube oil level in the crankcase and fuel oil level in the tank all in normal level(2)Check to see if there is any leakage(3)Check the air pressure if the generator is the air-started model;or check the battery voltage to see whether it is normal if the generator is of the battery start model(4)Also make sure there aren’t any obstacles around the machine.(5)Put the test switch in “Manual” position, and manually start it after making sure that above-mentioned items in order(6)If you use “Auto test” model, or “Black out” model to test the emergency generator, you must inform bridge duty officer and Chief Engineer.And you cannot carry it until you get the permit from both of them.Otherwise, you must wait(7)“Auto test” must be carried out once every month.“Blackout” test must be carried out once every 3 months 6.When the main engine cannot started by the compressed air, what are the possible causes? There may be the following causes(1)Air pressure is too low(2)The turning gear is still engaged(3)There may be operational fault(4)Some of the high injection pumps are sticked(5)No fuel oil due to the fact that the fuel valve is not open or the fuel pump is not running(6)Relative locked due to some safety device actions(7)Air distributor timing has been wrong Etc. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:22:29)

7.When main engine stops after running a while, what are the possible causes? The following reasons may lead to the problem:(1)Some of the high injection pumps are sticked(2)There is no fuel oil because valve is not open or the fuel pump is not running(3)Lube oil pressure is too low, or control air pressure is too low 8.What is the purpose of taking lube oil samples for analysis? By analyzing the lube oil sample, we want to know whether the lube oil meets the stipulated standards in viscosity, TBN(total base number), flash point, water contents, mechanic impurities etc..If impurities(i.e.metals)are found, it means something wrong with the bearing and crankshaft.If the viscosity is lower than the standard, it may mean that fuel oil may have leaked into the lube oil system.Too much fuel oil in the lube oil system can lower the flash point of the lube and also may lead to possible explosion.The important figure is TBN.If the TBN is lower than the standard, it means the loss of the anti-acid ability and this will lead to the moving parts corrosive in the near future.9.What are the things you need to take note during the handover(before you sign off)? The outgoing First Engineer shall prepare a set of handover notes for the incoming First Engineer and shall ask the incoming First Engineer be familiar with the note contents.One copy of the handover notes with their signatures shall be given to the Chief Engineer for file.In general the handover procedure shall include the following(1)A tour of the engine room, with view of the engines, documents and equipments(2)Discussion on current and future engine and machine’s operation problems, spare part requirement(3)Information on the maintenance work and program(4)Dry dock repair list, if there if any(5)Discussion on the junior engineers or crew’s capacity and personalities(6)Survey status and requirements(7)Store and status of the ship’s safety equipment and machines(8)Current status of the ship’s safety equipments and machines

(9)Safety and environment protection procedures and any special requirement by the company and in some areas in the world(10)Disciplinary procedures and management practice in the Engine department(11)Any other matters that the outgoing First Engineer thinks necessary and important After the handover, the two First Engineers should sign all the Handover Checklist as evidence and for files.大管轮也是船上特别是轮机部非常重要的职位，所以交接班非常重要。

10.Before and after any hot works is carried out, what are the safety precautions you take?(1)An application of hot work permit must made before this kind of work is done.One copy shall be put on hot work spot, and another copy in ship’s file(2)Make sure that you are suitably equipped and clothed(3)Observe carefully to see whether the weather, and the temperature are fit for firework(4)See whether the fired part and its vicinity have any potential inflammable materials or toxic gases that can arise any fire or poisoning disaster.Make sure that the hot work spot is cleaned and is free from such thins as diesel oil, kerosene, paint, cleaners or thinners.(5)And make sure that you have enough extinguisher equipment available.(6)When the hot work is done, make sure the firemen are standing by for any emergency(7)After the firework is done, check carefully whether any inflammable things are left(8)Ask one or two person to watch carefully for a period time until you are sure that there will not be any inflammation or ignition after you leave the spot.11.What kind of work belongs to hot work? When are you not allowed to do hot work? Hot work refers to all the work involving high temperature, open flames, or sparks that can cause ignition of combustible gases, vapor, or liquid in vicinity where such is done.This kind of work includes electric and gas welding and cutting or burning, grinding, metal chipping, sandblasting/grit blasting, work with sparks caused by falling or hitting, work with electric sparks, other work with high temperature etc.Under the following circumstances, hot work is forbidden:(1)Anywhere on the ship during cargo operation, when handling flammable cargoes unless the ship has got permission from the terminal and port authority(2)Anywhere and any time during the bunkering(3)In enclosed paces or where atmosphere is suspicious(4)Where painting work is underway at same time(5)Where unsafe factors are suspected 12.How do you carry out gas testing and how do you test the explosion? I use the gas tester to detect the gas composite content.In the vicinity of the places to be tested, the flammable gas content should not more than the limited figure, and no combustive materials are available to avoid any fire.13.Pleas explain the meaning of “SOPEP”? What contents should be included in the SOPEP? SOPEP means Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan and it should contain the following:(1)Procedures to be followed by the Master or other persons in charge of the ship to report an oil pollution incident.(2)Authority or person to be contacted in the event of oil pollution.(3)Detailed description of actions to be taken immediately by persons on board to reduce or control the discharge of oil following incident.(4)List of oil spill response equipment and materials to be maintained on board.(Removers, sprayer, oil absorbent, saw dust, san, d, waste rags, scoop, shovels, buckets, bamboo brooms, portable pump, protective clothing, and portable containers).Simple speaking, SOPEP should such things as the emergency contacts(telephone and other means of communication, address, etc.), the equipment used in dealing with oil pollution, the muster list in the oil pollution, and the report procedure when the accident happens, ect.14.What is the ISM Code? What is the SMS? What contents are there in the ISM code? ISM means International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention.The ISM code includes 16 chapters falling into two parts: implementation of Part One, and verification and certification of Part Two.The 16 chapters are: general, safety and environment protection policy, company responsibilities and authority, designated person(s), master’s responsibilities and authority, resources and personnel, development of plans for shipboard operation, emergency preparedness, reports and analysis of non-conformity, accidents and hazardous occurrences, maintenance of the ship and equipment, documentation, company verification, review and evaluation, certification and verifications and control, certification and periodical verification, verification, interim certification, and forms of certificates.The last four chapters are newly added in the new version of ISM Code.SMS means safety management system, and this system is mad based on the 16 elements of ISM Code, which is a compulsory part SOLAS 74.The shipowner or manager cannot get Document of Compliance(DOC)and SMC without audited Safety Management(SMC)by Class designated by the flag registry country administration.15.What do Observation, Non-conformity and Major non-conformity in the ISM Code mean respectively? Observation means a statement of fact made during a safety management audit and substantiated by objective evidence.Non-conformity means and observed situation where objective evidence indicates the nonfulfillment of a specified requirement.Major non-conformity means an identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of personnel or the ship or a serious risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action and includes the lack of effective and systematic implementation of a requirement of this Code.(摘自新ISM Code原文)以上内容不一定要非常准确详细地背诵，但至少要知道大致的内容，尤其要知道，ISM规则是变化的、开放的国际公约，其内容经常进行修改和增加。此外，随着ISM规则的改变，各船东和管理公司对SMS也要进行相应的修改和补充。

16.What ranks should not be allowed shore leave at the same time? In view of the jobs on board, the following position and ranks can not be allowed to have shore leave at the same time: the Master and the Chief Officer;the Chief Engineer and First Engineer;the Chief Engineer and Electrician;the Bosun and Pumpman(in tankers);the Chief Cook and Second Cook(or mess boy);the Chief Officer and Pumpman(in tankers).Any crew who wants shore leave must check with the department head for permission and return to the vessel on time.17.What is the maximum blood alcohol concentration(BAC)rate on board? According to the STCW 95, the BAC shall not be more than 0.08% by weight any time when being tested, but the CFR(Code of Federal Regulations)requires the BAC to be no more than 0.04%.Watch-keepers are not allowed to drink any alcoholic beverage 4 hours before their watch.18.When you are keeping the watch, what should you be careful about? In order to ensure the normal operation of the engines, I should(1)Keep closed watch on the fuel oil and lube oil conditions(2)Be alert on any possible problems arising from abnormal temperature, leakage, or some other problems(3)Be careful about those abnormal noises(4)Make a quick judgment if hearing abnormal noises from machines, and report them to the Chief Engineer or even the master immediately if the noises are very serious and I myself cannot deal with it(5)Obey the rules of the company and the inspections from Chief Engineer, Master and some warnings from the deck department. 上海船人(2009-5-14 10:23:45)

19.What should a Muster List include? What kind of Muster Lists did you have on the last vessel? The Muster List should include the following contents(1)Details of emergency alarm signal(2)How ship-abandon will be given(3)Substitutes for the key personnel who may become disabled on board(4)Specify the boat to which each person belongs and duties to be performed by abandon ship situation(5)The specific group to which person belongs and general duties during various emergencies(6)Any additional or specific duties(7)Specific assembly point of each group The Muster List must be ready before the ship’s sailing

We had the following separate Muster Lists on board the last vessel: General emergency, fire fighting, fire in the engine room, emergency steering, abandon-ship, man overboard, oil pollution, and so on.20.What preparations should you make before entry into port? The preparations include the following.(1)Stand by the main engine(including test engine ahead/astern by remote control and emergency local control).(2)Start generator and check power supply and compressed air(3)Test emergency generator and emergency steering gear(4)Check all the cargo gears in accordance with the requirements from the bridge(5)Report fuel oil and fresh water quantity, drain out water from fuel oil tanks/air bottles and test alarm system and monitor system(6)Change fuel oil to diesel oil if needed, reduce the speed of main engine to harbor speed(7)Test the telegraph, correct clocks between bridge and engine room(8)Make some other preparations according to “prepare for arrival port check list”

According to USCG regulations, the main engine test must be carried out within 12 hours before arrival Emergency generator and emergency steering gear test must be carried out within 48 hours before arrival.尽管各个公司的SMS手册对此项工作有不同的规定，但可能是大同小异。

21.How would you balance your engine after taking power diagram? What is the use of VIT? This is done by adjustment of the individual pump rocks(on fuel injection pump).It is usually carried out after careful analysis of the results of the power diagram(indicator cards)wherein we can decide which units need adjustment.Exhaust temperatures have to be carefully monitored since this will nearly 7 indicate the Pmax condition.Pump rack scale should be limited to within 3 mm deviation.If after adjustment and results are negative, component such as piston ring, fuel injection pump, exhaust valves, etc., have to be inspected at first opportunity.VIT or Variable Injection Timing is a device further incorporated on fuel injection pump to automatically adjust Pmax by changing the position of the pump barrel(changes the pump timing), which in turn control the amount of fuel delivered.It is usually advantageous during rough weather condition where abrupt load changes occur and so proper load distributions among cylinders are maintained.22.Are you familiar with the following engine overhauling work: main engine overhaul, turbo charger overhaul, main bearing and crankpin bearing overhaul, and safety equipment survey? Before overhauling work is done, what preparations should you make? I am very familiar with the overhauling work of the engines mentioned above.In every machinery overhaul, preparation is extremely important.The preparation usually include(1)Overhaul schedule(time and place to be decided)(2)Anticipate the conditions and or activities at the place or overhaul(3)Check necessary spares and special tools that will be required(4)Make necessary requisitions for spares if necessary(5)Discuss the matter with the master and ask for his approval(6)Inform concerned persons of the planned overhauling work(7)Conduct “toolbox meeting”, which should cover the following items: Personal protective equipment Specific duties/assignments of each work Safety measure to be taken Discuss the work with the aid of drawing, finished plan Tools and spares to be used Checklist to be done prior to overhaul Person to report to in case of doubt or trouble After the overhaul, I should make sure of the following There is no leakage and that all parts have been replaced in order All tools used are secured in their respective location The spot of overhaul is cleaned The machinery is tried out for proper operation and function All safety devices are checked 23.Why is it important to take engine crankshaft deflection? Engine crankshaft deflection measurements determine the alignment of the crankshaft and it is by means of this reading that we can ascertain the condition of the main bearings.Careful analysis of this reading would indicate which bearing to check.24.Marine diesel engines are equipped with turbo-chargers.What do you think are the causes of their surges? Surging could be caused by the following reasons: rough weather conditions, fouled air cooler, improper load distribution between cylinders, deflective turbocharger-excessive clearances, worn-out bearings, fouled turbo charger, abnormally high exhaust gas back pressure, and blocked scavenging ports.25.How do you program the “preventive maintenance service” of the main engine and its auxiliaries? What are the criteria or basis to do this? Preventive Maintenance Service(PMS)of the main engine should be carried out as per the maker’s recommendation.This could be found in the instruction manuals.“Checking and Maintenance Program” should be consulted prior to scheduling and maintenance.This will clearly indicate the intervals at which it is deemed appropriate to inspect individual components and to carry out overhauls, if necessary, based on the engine condition or on the time criteria.26.What is the advantage of oil lubricating on propeller shaft stern tube? Circulation lube oil on propeller shaft stern tube is advantageous to the effect that it will serve as lubrication by providing a film or coating between rubbing surfaces thereby reducing friction and wear.It also acts as sealing medium when under controlling pressure to prevent entrance of seawater into the rubbing surface eliminating the possibility of corrosion.27.What is the purpose of installing a mist detector on the main engine? The purpose of installing oil mist detector to the main engine is for the detection of oil vaporization, which is usually caused by hot spot like overheated bearing due to improper lubrication.Explosive conditions are thus prevented if oil mists are detected early.28.How can you be a good senior engineer? I think it is very important set an example for the junior engineers and oilers.Besides, harmonious relations with other people, especially the Chief Engineer, in my department are also very important.29.How do you prevent the fire in the scavenging air box? Considerable deposits of dirty oil and sludge in the scavenging air space can possible cause fire.The draining pipes of the space must be checked carefully and must be kept not to be blocked.The scavenging air space should be checked and cleaned regularly.The cylinder lubricator should be adjusted properly and all cylinder liners, pistons and piston rings should be kept in good condition.30.What are usually contained in repair list? A repair list may include such items as repairing items, specifications to be required, materials or mechanical parts, requirement of repair, and so on.31.What kind of safety pressure control does the refrigeration plant compressor usually equipped? The operation of the compressor is controlled by the following safety controls:(1)High pressure control, which can automatically switch off the compressor in case the system is in high pressure, e.g.caused by stoppage or lack of supply of cooling water.(2)Low pressure control: which can break the compressor automatically in case of pretty low pressure in the system? 32.What kind of machinery maintenance work you have ever experienced in your past seamanship? I have ever experienced such maintenance and repair work as: a)Dry docking b)Open-up and examination of principal parts of main engine(Pistons, Cylinder covers, Crosshead bearings, Crank pin bearings, Crank bearings, Thrust bearings, and so on)c)Propeller, Propeller shaft, Propeller bearings and Line shaft bearings d)Open-up and examination of principal mountings on Boiler e)Corrosion protection of the principal piping line(Main cooling seawater piping, Suction and delivery ballast water line, and so on)f)Open-up and examination of Steering gears g)Electric equipment, switchboard, and electric cables check and maintenance work

第二篇：大管轮个人工作总结

大管轮工作岗位 =个人原创，有效防止雷同，欢迎下载= 转眼之间，一年的光阴又将匆匆逝去。回眸过去的一年，在×××（改成大管轮岗位所在的单位）大管轮工作岗位上，我始终秉承着“在岗一分钟，尽职六十秒”的态度努力做好大管轮岗位的工作，并时刻严格要求自己，摆正自己的工作位置和态度。在各级领导们的关心和同事们的支持帮助下，我在大管轮工作岗位上积极进取、勤奋学习，认真圆满地完成今年的大管轮所有工作任务，履行好×××（改成大管轮岗位所在的单位）大管轮工作岗位职责，各方面表现优异，得到了领导和同事们的一致肯定。现将过去一年来在×××（改成大管轮岗位所在的单位）大管轮工作岗位上的学习、工作情况作简要总结如下：

一、思想上严于律己，不断提高自身修养 一年来，我始终坚持正确的价值观、人生观、世界观，并用以指导自己在×××（改成大管轮岗位所在的单位）大管轮岗位上学习、工作实践活动。虽然身处在大管轮工作岗位，但我时刻关注国际时事

和中-央最新的精神，不断提高对自己故土家园、民族和文化的归属感、认同感和尊严感、荣誉感。在×××（改成大管轮岗位所在的单位）大管轮工作岗位上认真贯彻执行中-央的路线、方针、政-策，尽职尽责，在大管轮工作岗位上作出对国家力所能及的贡献。

二、工作上加强学习，不断提高工作效率 时代在发展，社会在进步，信息技术日新月异。×××大管轮工作岗位相关工作也需要与时俱进，需要不断学习新知识、新技术、新方法，以提高大管轮岗位的服务水平和服务效率。特别是学习大管轮工作岗位相关法律知识和相关最新政策。唯有如此，才能提高×××大管轮工作岗位的业务水平和个人能力。定期学习×××大管轮工作岗位工作有关业务知识，并总结吸取前辈在×××大管轮工作岗位工作经验，不断弥补和改进自身在×××大管轮工作岗位工作中的缺点和不足，从而使自己整体工作素质都得到较大的提高。

回顾过去一年来在**（改成大管轮岗位所在的单位）大管轮工作

岗位工作的点点滴滴，无论在思想上，还是工作学习上我都取得了很大的进步，但也清醒地认识到自己在×××大管轮工作岗位相关工作中存在的不足之处。主要是在理论学习上远不够深入，尤其是将思想理论运用到×××大管轮工作岗位的实际工作中去的能力还比较欠缺。在以后的×××大管轮工作岗位工作中，我一定会扬长避短，克服不足、认真学习×××大管轮工作岗位相关知识、发奋工作、积极进取，把工作做的更好，为实现中国梦努力奋斗。展望新的一年，在以后的**（改成大管轮岗位所在的单位）工作

中希望能够再接再厉，要继续保持着良好的工作心态，不怕苦不怕累，多付出少抱怨，做好大管轮岗位的本职工作。同时也需要再加强锻炼自身的大管轮工作水平和业务能力，在以后的工作中我将加强与×××（改成大管轮岗位所在的单位）大管轮岗位上的同事多沟通，多探讨。要继续在自己的工作岗位上踏踏实实做事，老老实实做人，争取为**（改成大管轮岗位所在的单位）做出更大的成绩。篇二：大管轮重要数据

大管轮“交通出版社试题集”中重要数据

二冲程柴油机换气过程所占曲轴转角一般为130~150°

低速柴油机n≤300r/min, vm＜6m/s 中速柴油机300＜n≤1000r/min, vm=6~9m/s 高速柴油机n＞1000r/min, vm＞9m/s 按增压压力的高低,低增压的增压压力(绝对压力)约为≤0.15mpa 中增压的增压(绝对压力)约为0.15~0.25mpa 高增压的增压压力(绝对压力)约为0.25~0.35mpa 超高增压的增压压力(绝对压力)约为＞0.35mpa 串联增压系统当废气涡轮增压器完全损坏不能供气时，往复扫气泵仍可使柴油机工作转速达到标定转速的70％～80％

串联旁通增压系统当增压器损坏不能供气，靠活塞下部的泵气作用，仍能使柴油机转速达到标定转速的70％

为保证燃油正常流动,燃油的最低温度必须高于浊点

燃油的最低使用温度应高于浊点3～5℃

凝点<倾点2～7℃

凝点<浊点5～10℃

燃油的凝点、浊点及倾点温度值大小比较：浊点>倾点>凝点

为了保证喷油器针阀与针阀座可靠的密封性,要求折阀密封环带的宽度在0.3~0.5mm且位于针阀锥面上边缘

喷油器的喷油嘴喷孔直径磨损变大10%以上时就只能报废处理

低速机在滞燃阶段喷到缸内的燃油占循环喷油量15%~30% 通常理论燃烧过程的最高爆发压力发生的相位应该是上止点后10?~15?曲轴转角

按照对柴油机燃烧过程的“及时”要求,其燃烧持续期应控制在上止点后的范围是40?ca(曲轴转角)iso把滑油按40℃时的运动粘度cst的数值分成18个等级 api分类法按油品质量和适用机型特点把滑油分为4个质量等级．

当燃用硫分s＞2.5％的燃油时，其气缸油的tbn通常是65～70（单位：mgk0h/g）

现代超长行程二冲程柴油机的气缸油所选用的sae粘度等级是sae50，tbn是tbn70 通常，由柴油机制造厂推荐的直流扫气柴油机气缸注油率大致范围是0.6～0.8 g/kwh，弯流扫气柴油机制造厂家推荐的气缸注油率大致范围是1.0～1.3 g/kwh 滑油的进口温度通常应保持在40~55℃

滑油的出口温度通常应不超过65℃

柴油机润滑系统中,滑油冷却器进出口温度差一般在10~15℃

为了防止曲轴箱油迅速氧化变质,应控制滑油的使用温度一般不高于65℃

为保证正常吸油,在滑油吸入管路上,真空度不超过0.03mpa 柴油机停车后,滑油系统应继续运行约20min 在正常使用情况下，曲轴箱油的取样化验周期是3～4个月

曲柄箱油化验水分时，当水分超过0.5％时，应查明原因，同时用滑油分油机予以处理 为减少腐蚀和结垢，应限制海水的出口温度不宜超过45℃

目前船用柴油机选配螺旋桨的推荐标准通常为（85％～90％）pb，100％nb 按我国有关规定,必须装设超速保护装置的柴油机是①标定功率大于220kw的船用主机②标定功率大于220kw的船用发电柴油机

根据我国有关规定船舶主机所装极限调速器的限制转速是115%nb woodward pga气动转速设定机构使用压力范围为0.049～0.50mpa的控制空气 woodward pga稳定调速率的调节范国通常是0～12％ woodward pga调速器稳定性调节中其补偿针阀的推荐开度是1/16～2圈

单脉冲电子调速器瞬时调速率δ1一般在5～7％，稳定时间ts在3～5s范围内

双脉冲电子调速器瞬时调速率δ1一般不大于2％，稳定时间ts不大于1s 液压调速器的滑油在正常情况下的换油周期一般是六个月

调速器连续工作时推荐的使用滑油温度范围是60~90℃[60~93℃] 由于滑油污染造成的故障占调速器故障的50% 劣质燃油在雾化加热器中的预热温度取决于燃油雾化所需的粘度,要求进入喷油泵处的燃油粘度应为12-25 mm2/s 雾化加热器，为了避免加热后迅速积炭,预热温度不得超过150°

为了使燃油在沉淀柜能够充分进行沉淀,按规定至少应沉淀12h 油的热源为饱和蒸汽,饱和蒸汽压力不应超过0.8mpa。

为安全使用燃油,船用燃油的闪点应不低于60~65°

舱柜加装燃油时应不得超过舱柜容量的85% 根据《规范》要求，在0.9＜nc/nb＜1.03运转范围内，应尽可能不用减小振幅的方法来消除转速禁区，以避免由于减振措施失效后可能出现的危险

换向过程所需时间应符合“船规”要求，主机的换向时间应不大于15s 卷簧要机械示功器适用于转速小于400r/min柴油机

测爆压时要选用1/5小活塞，硬弹簧；测换气过程要选用1/l小活塞，软弹簧

传动机构超前或滞后对示功图形状影响极大。一般若每相差1?ca，则平均指示压力pi相差5.5％ 在使用电子式示功装置时，上止点标记误差应保证满足0.2～0.5?ca[2439有误] 测量轴系弯曲度，临时支承点应设在离法兰端面的距离为（0.18～0.22）l 中机船在轴系的修理中，中间轴法兰的偏移量δ=0时，其曲折量最大不得超过0.60mm/m [见表11-1说明②] 铁梨木轴承安装间隙的经验计算式中a=0.003d+x，则x取0.5～0.75mm 船规要求推力轴承在检验中，推力块接触面积不小于总面积的75％

“海船规范”要求螺旋桨轴和尾轴的检验，一般单桨船为3～4年；双桨船为4～5年

白合金尾轴承与辛泼莱司密封装置合用，将节省功率1％

部颁修船标准规定，尾轴锥体与螺旋桨锥孔配合接触要均匀，接触面积不得小于总面积的75％，且在25×25mm2的面积内不得小于2～4点 径向变螺距螺旋桨的平均螺距在压力面的0.7r处测量

定距桨的空泡腐蚀一般发生在0.9r至叶尖

二冲程柴油机停增压器运转时，使用电动鼓风机供气，此时柴油机可达到标定功率的25％

根据我国有关规定，船舶柴油机曲轴箱防爆门的开启压力不大于（表压力）0.02mpa篇三：大管轮个人简历

应聘岗位： 大管轮 姓 名：彭建英 学 历：本科/专科/高中学 校： 杭州职业学校

„„„„„„„„„.„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„„

专业设计！一份菜鸟也能修改的模板！

姓 籍 的大学专业 成情况。课堂教学、秀，品学兼优，连续三年获得学院奖学金。为人诚恳勤奋好学、脚踏实地，有较强的团队精神，工作积极进取，态度认真。，态度认真。点击修改

个人总结

??开朗活泼，喜欢创新、挑战。

个人能力

? 心理素质好，抗压能力强 ? 领导能力较好 ? 执行力一流 ? 组织能力一流 ? 策划能力较好

软件技能 ? adobe illustrator ? adobe indesign ? adobe photoshop ?? analytics 语言能力 ? 英语听说读写流利 ? 粤语流利 ? 日语初级阅读 ??英语流利，可以使用英语无障碍沟通。??乐于接受新知识。??有团队领导能力，能独立思考而又善于沟通。??冷静、明智，能在压力下完成工作。

教育背景

广州外国语大学 2008-2012 英语，本科 工作经历

工作经历一

地点：xx 职位：xx 2011 – 现在

? 负责公司领域投资的调研与决策 ? 负责公司属下连锁酒店服务与管理的规范化建设，编制连锁酒店管

理实务 ? 负责连锁管理系统的建立与维护

工作经历二

地点：xx 职位：xx 2011 – 现在

? 负责公司领域投资的调研与决策 ? 负责公司属下连锁酒店服务与管理的规范化建设，编制连锁酒店管

理实务 ? 负责连锁管理系统的建立与维护

工作经历三

地点：xx 职位：xx 2011 – 现在 ? 负责公司领域投资的调研与决策 ? 负责公司属下连锁酒店服务与管理的规范化建设，编制连锁酒店管

理实务，指导连锁酒店规范运营；.2 毕业综合测评成绩

工作技能

? 极具创意的广告策划、文案写作能力? 善于制作ppt文档，配色排版 ? 英文阅读能力强，有不错的口语能力

优势特长

◆ 专业基础知识扎实，动手能力强，能学以致用◆ 有较高的工作热情和责任心，热爱工作岗位◆ 组织协调能力强，刻苦努力、敢于拼搏

◆ 性格随和开朗、乐观向上、集体荣誉感强

附言: 相信有你们的培养和自己的主观努力，我一定能成为一位务实创新的优秀员工，并为贵单位的事业发展锦上添花！

证书复印件（附）: 3 大管轮简历

4篇四：述职报告(大管轮)×××轮大管轮述职报告

很快就要完成在×××轮的工作合同，离船休假了，根据述职大纲的要求，结合在船11个多月的工作体会，现述职如下：

一、我船制冷设备型号及日常管理要点

我船的伙食冰库制冷系统，其压缩机为丹麦制造的bfo5型压缩机，根据前任们的经验以及本人的摸索和总结，此机型在管理上要注意如下几个要点： 1）、加强蒸发器的融霜 众所周知，蒸发器结霜，会妨碍传热、阻塞空气流通，从而影响制冷效果，所以必须适时地融霜。本船根据现有的条件，采取的是自然融霜法，即是将鱼库和肉库轮换使用，当正在工作的库需要融霜时，就将肉类和鱼搬到另一低温冷库，然后让原库风机、供液电磁阀停止工作，并打开库，使之逐渐达到环境温度，从而慢慢的融掉霜层。这种方法比较经济，对我们这种以短航线为主，每次上菜量少的船舶来说，不失为一个可供选择的办法，当然，原有的电热融霜系统也要加强保养，使之处于随时可用状态。2）、预防和消除冰塞现象 补充冷剂时，常会或多或少地带入一些水份，若不及时驱除，就有可能造成冰塞，使压缩机不能正常工作。我们解决这类问题的办法主要是使用干燥剂，反复吸附。发现干燥剂失效时，及时更换，确保吸附效果，直到冰塞现象消除。3）、平时注意拆洗各膨胀代前的滤器，防止冷剂脏堵，观察滑油的质量，感觉质量不佳时则换掉；多注意参数的变化，必要时给予调整。

二、主要设备发生故障的情况及处理过程

本船大管轮所管属的设备中，出现故障最多的当然是主机，本船设计有双主机，型号是b＆w系列的6l35mc。如同其他宁安船一样，主种主机有很多“常见病”，例如，排气阀烧损等。

当出现排气阀烧损现象时，主机排温便会明显上升，该缸压缩压力、爆炸压力均会出现不同程度的下降，因而功率也就随即降低。排除此故障的根本办法当然是将此排气阀更换掉，而且越早越好，以免缸套、活塞等其他部件受到影响。

此外，水泵胶圈老化漏水，缸头螺栓疲劳折断等也是这种机型中出现频率较高的问题，相应地，也是唯有及早将损件更换，甚至不惜漂航解决，以免出现安全隐患。

当然，“头痛医头，脚痛医脚”不是上上策，以预防为主，不让“头痛脚痛”出现，才是根本目的。只有加强维修保养，以及提高工作技能，才有可能减少故障的出现。

三、主管设备的主要工作量

在本船中，大管轮所属设备主要的工作量主要有以下方面：主机吊缸，更换主机水套，更换主机排气阀，更换折断的主机缸头螺栓，主机扫气箱清洁、检查，曲拐箱、链条箱检查，以及主轴承间隙，十字头轴承间隙，拐档差等相关测量，热工参数测量，冷却水化验投药，以及舵机，伙食冰机，空调，滑油分油机，泵浦等日常检查，保养、维修等。

四、吊缸应特别注意的问题

对于本船来说，主机吊缸可说是家常便饭。每次吊缸，我们最关心的当然是安全问题和质量问题。为了保障安全，通常每次主机吊缸前，我们都要开一个工前会，将所有准备参与主机吊缸的人员集中在一起，讲述吊缸过程中应注意的安全问题，叮嘱大家穿着劳保用品，戴好安全帽等等。同时进行适当的分工，以避免工作过程中场面混乱。此外，动工前，还对机舱天车进行细致的检查，确保其工作可靠。吊缸过程中，为了保证工作质量，除了严格按照操作规程行事外，还要进行精确的测量，并进行细致的分析，务必找到缺陷所在，然后采取相应的措施，消除缺陷。

五、物料及备件管理所存在的问题 在物料、备件的管理方面，我认为还存在下列问题： 1）、存放位置不足或不规则，使备件或物料摆放起来极不顺手，就算勉强放起来了，也很难做到美观，而且编排或刻印三化管理的库位号也颇费脑筋。2）、库位号及平面图制定以后，意味着各项备件或物料的存放地点是不能改变了，变则是一项缺陷，至少是缺陷。那么，经过一段时间消耗，或上过物料（或备件）之后，有的物料（或备件）空了，有的却因增加而在原库位号放不下了，若要移动存放地点，则库位号、平面图、清册（包括船上的和上报公司的），都要跟着改动，正所谓牵一发而动全身。由此可见，三化管理固然有其清楚、明了及规范、查找方便等优点。但仍有许多改善的空间。

总之，在×××轮工作这11个月中，无论是公司的管理，船舶的运作，还是船上的设备维护，故障排除，都给我留下难忘的回忆。为我增添了许多在其他船上学不到的知识。

×××年×月×日

大管轮 ×××篇五：实习大管轮实习报告(管理篇)大管轮管理

珍珠湾实习大管轮-胡红

自2008年九月来到南方沥青运输公司实习以来，我从第一条船亚龙湾实习三管轮做起，经过大鹏湾，星海湾，宁海湾，木兰湾的工作历程，直到现在珍珠湾实习大管轮四个月。对大管轮的管理提出我自己的浅薄见解。大管轮在机舱充当设备的管理者，在机舱的设备管理中又充当协调者和日常工作安排的执行者。

关于设备管理，不仅自己负责的设备要管理好，同样三轨，四轨的设备也要总体监督和协调好。我们要意识到机舱设备是个整体循环系统，它就相当一组食物链，任何环节出问题，都会直接和间接影响到整体船舶的运行安全和经营效益。例如，当四轨管理的锅炉出问题，他遇到困难时，作为大管轮是有义务和责任去协助和督促四轨解决问题。一旦四轨两台锅炉都不能使用，直接受影响的就是货物和管路不能加温而导致装卸货不能正常进行。这是对沥青船舶经营效益最致命的打击。

其次就是机舱日用燃油加热系统受到影响，主辅机燃烧状况受到影响。虽然我们可以使用轻油来对付这种情况，但是时间久了，会因为管理上存在漏洞，导致公司成本增加，这种局面是相当被动的。

我们作为生产一线的船员，对设备实际运行的状况的了解最具先天条件。无论遇到什么问题，我们最有机会到现场发现和归纳各种信息，至于能不能解决，我们可以通过各种方式和渠道的沟通，把问题解决。

既然是管理设备，我们不可能去制造设备，因此在管理前，设备本身应具备正常运行的条件。这些条件需要我们根据操作说明和保养须知在日常工作中对设备进行正确的操作和维护，即使中途有人临时篡改一些东西，违背了说明书的要求，我们也要想方设法恢复到原始状态。这样会避免很多潜在的风险。

根据我在湾字号的工作经历，任意篡改这方面的现象，尤其存在于6-7年的湾字号船舶电器设备中，控制箱内部的电器原件和线路随意篡改的现象已经非常普遍，例如在锅炉，造水机，绞缆机等控制箱内。湾字号船上没有配电机员，加上轮机员对电知识不专业，即使这任轮机员懂电，但不能保证下任一样的懂电，因此存在电器良好管理的不连续性，必然存在管理上的真空。特别对我们这些电气知识不够专业的轮机员来说，刚接手这些篡改电路的设备，如果没有备忘，只要设备再出现电路问题，再去查找新的问题会相当头痛的。例如我在珍珠湾大管轮实习期间关于应急配电板绝缘指示灯老是烧坏的问题，最能证明这一情况（见实习大管轮述职报告）。

同样的道理，如果我们在机舱日常管理其它机械设备中，严格按照说明书操作，不随意篡改，重视回归原本，避免潜在风险，把握全局，协调好整体。我想这些临时篡改的措施就会只用在应急情况下。这是我对大管轮设备管理的重要理解。

机舱设备每天按照其设计的方式有条不紊的运行着，有些设备因运行周期到期和管理上出现问题而导致故障发生。平时又加上正常的工作维修保养工作和应对psc检查和油公司检查，大管轮作为机舱人员的管理者和日常工作安排的执行者。大管轮的工作安排计划和人员的调配是否合理，对机舱整体的工作效率产生至关重要的作用。管理首先离不开计划，有了计划，就需要大管轮发挥自己的领导才能和管理手段，有效的去组织人员实行计划，其次大管轮在工作中让下属明确他们的方向和任务，从而让他们为具体的工作采取相应的措施（包括安全措施和工作的方法）。最后大管轮还得根据现场情况的变化，对计划作出相应的调整，保证计划和实际相适应。

大管轮在机舱应充当一个船舶领导与自己部门下属员沟通和管理桥梁作用，如何把上峰的政策和管理理念很好的传达给下属，这需要大管轮利用自己的管理手段，让公司体系和政策得到有效的实行。同时面对设备出现的故障，如何协助轮机长有效组织自己管理的团队去付出行动，解决排除故障。从而实现领导和自己的管理目标。以上是我对机舱人员管理的基本管理观念。

机舱每天的工作量很多，除了日常的维修保养，还包括随时出现新的问题。因此大管轮对各项工作安排就要通过合理计划去实现。合理的计划离不开各种信息的采集归纳，这些不仅包括自己的工作，还包括三轨，四轨的一些工作。综合起来事情有大有小，有急有缓。具体安排原则：首先是既重要又急的事，其次是重要而不急的事，再是急而不重要的事，最后是既不重要也不急的事。例如2015年3月13日珍珠湾船舶抵港前2天（psc澳检和shell油公司检查）机舱同时出现问题的工单有这些：

一、常规试验救助艇不能启动起来。

二、机舱中央冷却器海水管破管。

三、机舱有台备用的锅炉点不起，现用的锅炉时常熄火。

四、机舱因为厨房电灶锅使用导致440v绝缘低老是报警。

五、空调间蒸发器下水道赌塞，有水泄露到外部。

六、新增加的厨房冰箱需要安装底座以固定。

面对这么多工作同时出现，时间又紧迫，大管轮在这时，就要根据轻重缓急的原则有计划的安排工作。

首先第二项我们可以集中力量解决，因为这是既重要又急的事，中央冷凝器不能使用将会影响到低温淡水温度，为了避免事态继续扩大，我们需采取相应的补漏措施来防止机舱发生洪涝灾害的危险。就算加班加点也要把此事先解决。

其次就是第一项和第三项，抵港前需要锅炉加温货舱和管路，同时救助艇是psc检查的必查项目，此缺陷为滞留缺陷。抵港还有两天时间，因此它们是重要而不很急。由于这些都是四轨管理的项目，因此大管轮在此时要协调好轮机员，把三轨和自己的手下工作放下，一起协助四轨尽快把问题解决，不能解决至少也要查出问题，求助岸基。

第四，五项属于急而不重要，暂时可以往后安排。选择适当时机疏通管道，更换电灶。至于第六项我们可以安排到最后。因为它属于既不重要也不急的事。

总之大管轮就要在正确的时间安排正确的工作。这也是大管轮在管理上的基本要求之一。大管轮在每天的日常工作安排中，对人员的安排和工作要求要具体合理。要根据每次工作内容和技术要求作出风险评估，再根据现有的人员的生理和心理状况及工作职责，作出相应的安排。例如加油工作中，机工长由于年纪大，老花眼，反应迟钝就不能像往常习惯性安排他在甲板量油和观察管汇压力等工作。但是机舱当时又抽不出人员去代替，这时我们可以根据实际情况，适当错开安排，在刚开始加油时，由于油舱是空舱，风险小，我们不需要经常量油检查，一般在风险最大时候，快要满舱时量油。这时就不能让老机工长继续做此份工作。可以临时调换人员，让值班机工顶替一会儿。这样就合理的降低工作中的安全风险。大鹏湾在2015年3月1号发生三管轮使用砂轮机自伤事件，在大管轮管理角度出发，我认为就是工作中没有物色人选，才导致此悲剧的发生。在平时使用专用切割机和手握式打磨机 时，对于年轻的工作人员来说，风险总是最大的，因为没有太多的实战经验。因此，这点我们在平时布置安排工作时是需要考虑的。必须采取相应的措施，例如可以固定凡是有需要切割的活，可以统一安排熟练工，这些可以是机工长，也可以是机工，还可以是其他轮机员。甚至是甲板人员。工作体系是死的，人是活的，工作中灵活合理利用人员，对我们大管轮来说，这也是管理上的基本要求之一。俗话说：“一花开放不是春，众花开放春满园”，大管轮作为下属负责人和轮机长协助管理人，在自己不断学习、不断提高的同时，还应该义不容辞地承担起为下属创造学习机会的责任和技术指导，还要安排各种培训活动提高大家的整体素质。船舶人员是个团队，机舱是个小团队，我认为任何一个优秀的团队都是学习型团队，也只有学习型的团队才能不断积累持续发展的动力。作为一个船舶动力维护团队，需要学习的东西太多太多，目前而作为梦想崭露头角的大管轮，学习的渠道当然也很多，“世上无难事，只怕有心人”。我想这对企业的持续发展也是十分需要的。

远洋船舶大部时间在海上远离大陆，各项工作需要船舶管理人员协调好，如果仅仅抱着“各扫门前雪”的态度，是远远不够，尤其在特殊情况下，各自为政，互不买账，不仅“门前雪”扫不好，还会造成整体船舶的工作任务完不成，甚至会出现危情和险情。例如，上述救助艇因电路问题不能启动，四轨电路知识有限情况下，此时大管轮就需要物色人选，把懂电的其他轮机员给予帮助。实在不行就岸基支持，因为我们公司机务也是团队的组成部分，我们都有着共同的目标，都是为了船舶正常营运而工作，只是各自分工不同而已。这样团队的作用得到了最好的发挥。

“人心齐，泰山移”，团队合作的力量是巨大。人心齐不齐，是需要管理者去协调。大管轮作为轮机长的协助管理者，要义不容辞加入团队的管理建设中，打造出良好的学习型团队，让每个人骨子里有团队精神。

第三篇：大管轮述职报告

×××轮大管轮述职报告 很快就要完成在×××轮的工作合同，离船休假了，根据述职大纲的要求，结合在船11个多月的工作体会，现述职如下：

一、我船制冷设备型号及日常管理要点

我船的伙食冰库制冷系统，其压缩机为丹麦制造的bfo5型压缩机，根据前任们的经验以及本人的摸索和总结，此机型在管理上要注意如下几个要点： 2）、预防和消除冰塞现象 补充冷剂时，常会或多或少地带入一些水份，若不及时驱除，就有可能造成冰塞，使压缩机不能正常工作。我们解决这类问题的办法主要是使用干燥剂，反复吸附。发现干燥剂失效时，及时更换，确保吸附效果，直到冰塞现象消除。3）、平时注意拆洗各膨胀代前的滤器，防止冷剂脏堵，观察滑油的质量，感觉质量不佳时则换掉；多注意参数的变化，必要时给予调整。

二、主要设备发生故障的情况及处理过程

本船大管轮所管属的设备中，出现故障最多的当然是主机，本船设计有双主机，型号是b＆w系列的6l35mc。如同其他宁安船一样，主种主机有很多“常见病”，例如，排气阀烧损等。

当出现排气阀烧损现象时，主机排温便会明显上升，该缸压缩压力、爆炸压力均会出现不同程度的下降，因而功率也就随即降低。排除此故障的根本办法当然是将此排气阀更换掉，而且越早越好，以免缸套、活塞等其他部件受到影响。

此外，水泵胶圈老化漏水，缸头螺栓疲劳折断等也是这种机型中出现频率较高的问题，相应地，也是唯有及早将损件更换，甚至不惜漂航解决，以免出现安全隐患。

当然，“头痛医头，脚痛医脚”不是上上策，以预防为主，不让“头痛脚痛”出现，才是根本目的。只有加强维修保养，以及提高工作技能，才有可能减少故障的出现。

三、主管设备的主要工作量

在本船中，大管轮所属设备主要的工作量主要有以下方面：主机吊缸，更换主机水套，更换主机排气阀，更换折断的主机缸头螺栓，主机扫气箱清洁、检查，曲拐箱、链条箱检查，以及主轴承间隙，十字头轴承间隙，拐档差等相关测量，热工参数测量，冷却水化验投药，以及舵机，伙食冰机，空调，滑油分油机，泵浦等日常检查，保养、维修等。

四、吊缸应特别注意的问题

对于本船来说，主机吊缸可说是家常便饭。每次吊缸，我们最关心的当然是安全问题和质量问题。为了保障安全，通常每次主机吊缸前，我们都要开一个工前会，将所有准备参与主机吊缸的人员集中在一起，讲述吊缸过程中应注意的安全问题，叮嘱大家穿着劳保用品，戴好安全帽等等。同时进行适当的分工，以避免工作过程中场面混乱。此外，动工前，还对机舱天车进行细致的检查，确保其工作可靠。吊缸过程中，为了保证工作质量，除了严格按照操作规程行事外，还要进行精确的测量，并进行细致的分析，务必找到缺陷所在，然后采取相应的措施，消除缺陷。

五、物料及备件管理所存在的问题

在物料、备件的管理方面，我认为还存在下列问题： 1）、存放位置不足或不规则，使备件或物料摆放起来极不顺手，就算勉强放起来了，也很难做到美观，而且编排或刻印三化管理的库位号也颇费脑筋。2）、库位号及平面图制定以后，意味着各项备件或物料的存放地点是不能改变了，变则是一项缺陷，至少是缺陷。那么，经过一段时间消耗，或上过物料（或备件）之后，有的物料（或备件）空了，有的却因增加而在原库位号放不下了，若要移动存放地点，则库位号、平面图、清册（包括船上的和上报公司的），都要跟着改动，正所谓牵一发而动全身。由此可见，三化管理固然有其清楚、明了及规范、查找方便等优点。但仍有许多改善的空间。总之，在×××轮工作这11个月中，无论是公司的管理，船舶的运作，还是船上的设备维护，故障排除，都给我留下难忘的回忆。为我增添了许多在其他船上学不到的知识。

×××年×月×日

大管轮 ×××篇二：实习大管轮实习报告(管理篇)大管轮管理

珍珠湾实习大管轮-胡红

自2008年九月来到南方沥青运输公司实习以来，我从第一条船亚龙湾实习三管轮做起，经过大鹏湾，星海湾，宁海湾，木兰湾的工作历程，直到现在珍珠湾实习大管轮四个月。对大管轮的管理提出我自己的浅薄见解。大管轮在机舱充当设备的管理者，在机舱的设备管理中又充当协调者和日常工作安排的执行者。

关于设备管理，不仅自己负责的设备要管理好，同样三轨，四轨的设备也要总体监督和协调好。我们要意识到机舱设备是个整体循环系统，它就相当一组食物链，任何环节出问题，都会直接和间接影响到整体船舶的运行安全和经营效益。例如，当四轨管理的锅炉出问题，他遇到困难时，作为大管轮是有义务和责任去协助和督促四轨解决问题。一旦四轨两台锅炉都不能使用，直接受影响的就是货物和管路不能加温而导致装卸货不能正常进行。这是对沥青船舶经营效益最致命的打击。

其次就是机舱日用燃油加热系统受到影响，主辅机燃烧状况受到影响。虽然我们可以使用轻油来对付这种情况，但是时间久了，会因为管理上存在漏洞，导致公司成本增加，这种局面是相当被动的。

我们作为生产一线的船员，对设备实际运行的状况的了解最具先天条件。无论遇到什么问题，我们最有机会到现场发现和归纳各种信息，至于能不能解决，我们可以通过各种方式和渠道的沟通，把问题解决。

既然是管理设备，我们不可能去制造设备，因此在管理前，设备本身应具备正常运行的条件。这些条件需要我们根据操作说明和保养须知在日常工作中对设备进行正确的操作和维护，即使中途有人临时篡改一些东西，违背了说明书的要求，我们也要想方设法恢复到原始状态。这样会避免很多潜在的风险。

根据我在湾字号的工作经历，任意篡改这方面的现象，尤其存在于6-7年的湾字号船舶电器设备中，控制箱内部的电器原件和线路随意篡改的现象已经非常普遍，例如在锅炉，造水机，绞缆机等控制箱内。湾字号船上没有配电机员，加上轮机员对电知识不专业，即使这任轮机员懂电，但不能保证下任一样的懂电，因此存在电器良好管理的不连续性，必然存在管理上的真空。特别对我们这些电气知识不够专业的轮机员来说，刚接手这些篡改电路的设备，如果没有备忘，只要设备再出现电路问题，再去查找新的问题会相当头痛的。例如我在珍珠湾大管轮实习期间关于应急配电板绝缘指示灯老是烧坏的问题，最能证明这一情况（见实习大管轮述职报告）。

同样的道理，如果我们在机舱日常管理其它机械设备中，严格按照说明书操作，不随意篡改，重视回归原本，避免潜在风险，把握全局，协调好整体。我想这些临时篡改的措施就会只用在应急情况下。这是我对大管轮设备管理的重要理解。

机舱设备每天按照其设计的方式有条不紊的运行着，有些设备因运行周期到期和管理上出现问题而导致故障发生。平时又加上正常的工作维修保养工作和应对psc检查和油公司检查，大管轮作为机舱人员的管理者和日常工作安排的执行者。大管轮的工作安排计划和人员的调配是否合理，对机舱整体的工作效率产生至关重要的作用。管理首先离不开计划，有了计划，就需要大管轮发挥自己的领导才能和管理手段，有效的去组织人员实行计划，其次大管轮在工作中让下属明确他们的方向和任务，从而让他们为具体的工作采取相应的措施（包括安全措施和工作的方法）。最后大管轮还得根据现场情况的变化，对计划作出相应的调整，保证计划和实际相适应。

大管轮在机舱应充当一个船舶领导与自己部门下属员沟通和管理桥梁作用，如何把上峰的政策和管理理念很好的传达给下属，这需要大管轮利用自己的管理手段，让公司体系和政策得到有效的实行。同时面对设备出现的故障，如何协助轮机长有效组织自己管理的团队去付出行动，解决排除故障。从而实现领导和自己的管理目标。以上是我对机舱人员管理的基本管理观念。

机舱每天的工作量很多，除了日常的维修保养，还包括随时出现新的问题。因此大管轮对各项工作安排就要通过合理计划去实现。合理的计划离不开各种信息的采集归纳，这些不仅包括自己的工作，还包括三轨，四轨的一些工作。综合起来事情有大有小，有急有缓。具体安排原则：首先是既重要又急的事，其次是重要而不急的事，再是急而不重要的事，最后是既不重要也不急的事。例如2015年3月13日珍珠湾船舶抵港前2天（psc澳检和shell油公司检查）机舱同时出现问题的工单有这些：

一、常规试验救助艇不能启动起来。

二、机舱中央冷却器海水管破管。

三、机舱有台备用的锅炉点不起，现用的锅炉时常熄火。

四、机舱因为厨房电灶锅使用导致440v绝缘低老是报警。

五、空调间蒸发器下水道赌塞，有水泄露到外部。

六、新增加的厨房冰箱需要安装底座以固定。

面对这么多工作同时出现，时间又紧迫，大管轮在这时，就要根据轻重缓急的原则有计划的安排工作。

首先第二项我们可以集中力量解决，因为这是既重要又急的事，中央冷凝器不能使用将会影响到低温淡水温度，为了避免事态继续扩大，我们需采取相应的补漏措施来防止机舱发生洪涝灾害的危险。就算加班加点也要把此事先解决。

其次就是第一项和第三项，抵港前需要锅炉加温货舱和管路，同时救助艇是psc检查的必查项目，此缺陷为滞留缺陷。抵港还有两天时间，因此它们是重要而不很急。由于这些都是四轨管理的项目，因此大管轮在此时要协调好轮机员，把三轨和自己的手下工作放下，一起协助四轨尽快把问题解决，不能解决至少也要查出问题，求助岸基。第四，五项属于急而不重要，暂时可以往后安排。选择适当时机疏通管道，更换电灶。至于第六项我们可以安排到最后。因为它属于既不重要也不急的事。

总之大管轮就要在正确的时间安排正确的工作。这也是大管轮在管理上的基本要求之一。大管轮在每天的日常工作安排中，对人员的安排和工作要求要具体合理。要根据每次工作内容和技术要求作出风险评估，再根据现有的人员的生理和心理状况及工作职责，作出相应的安排。例如加油工作中，机工长由于年纪大，老花眼，反应迟钝就不能像往常习惯性安排他在甲板量油和观察管汇压力等工作。但是机舱当时又抽不出人员去代替，这时我们可以根据实际情况，适当错开安排，在刚开始加油时，由于油舱是空舱，风险小，我们不需要经常量油检查，一般在风险最大时候，快要满舱时量油。这时就不能让老机工长继续做此份工作。可以临时调换人员，让值班机工顶替一会儿。这样就合理的降低工作中的安全风险。大鹏湾在2015年3月1号发生三管轮使用砂轮机自伤事件，在大管轮管理角度出发，我认为就是工作中没有物色人选，才导致此悲剧的发生。在平时使用专用切割机和手握式打磨机 时，对于年轻的工作人员来说，风险总是最大的，因为没有太多的实战经验。因此，这点我们在平时布置安排工作时是需要考虑的。必须采取相应的措施，例如可以固定凡是有需要切割的活，可以统一安排熟练工，这些可以是机工长，也可以是机工，还可以是其他轮机员。甚至是甲板人员。工作体系是死的，人是活的，工作中灵活合理利用人员，对我们大管轮来说，这也是管理上的基本要求之一。

俗话说：“一花开放不是春，众花开放春满园”，大管轮作为下属负责人和轮机长协助管理人，在自己不断学习、不断提高的同时，还应该义不容辞地承担起为下属创造学习机会的责任和技术指导，还要安排各种培训活动提高大家的整体素质。船舶人员是个团队，机舱是个小团队，我认为任何一个优秀的团队都是学习型团队，也只有学习型的团队才能不断积累持续发展的动力。作为一个船舶动力维护团队，需要学习的东西太多太多，目前而作为梦想崭露头角的大管轮，学习的渠道当然也很多，“世上无难事，只怕有心人”。我想这对企业的持续发展也是十分需要的。

远洋船舶大部时间在海上远离大陆，各项工作需要船舶管理人员协调好，如果仅仅抱着“各扫门前雪”的态度，是远远不够，尤其在特殊情况下，各自为政，互不买账，不仅“门前雪”扫不好，还会造成整体船舶的工作任务完不成，甚至会出现危情和险情。例如，上述救助艇因电路问题不能启动，四轨电路知识有限情况下，此时大管轮就需要物色人选，把懂电的其他轮机员给予帮助。实在不行就岸基支持，因为我们公司机务也是团队的组成部分，我们都有着共同的目标，都是为了船舶正常营运而工作，只是各自分工不同而已。这样团队的作用得到了最好的发挥。

“人心齐，泰山移”，团队合作的力量是巨大。人心齐不齐，是需要管理者去协调。大管轮作为轮机长的协助管理者，要义不容辞加入团队的管理建设中，打造出良好的学习型团队，让每个人骨子里有团队精神。这样我们一定会过关斩将，克服各种困难险阻，完成各项工作任务，为公司增光添彩！

珍珠湾实习大管轮—胡红 2015-04-24篇三：仓管述职报告

仓管述职报告 自从年从事仓管的工作，面对眼前回想过去展望末来，有进步的喜悦，也有工作中不足之处，用心思量总结工作当中的得失，教训中成长，为2014年的工作计划做好充沛的准备，现将具体工作情况汇报如下：

首先，作为一名公司员工，热爱公司、爱岗敬业是基本素质，在这个的前提下，做好业务学习，不断提高工作能力。同时，团结同事，做好领导安排的任务。其次，既然是仓管，肯定要做好仓库库货物的存储，详细记录货物的进出及现有库存情况，注意货物的销售走向，即分出哪些是常用件，哪些是非常用件，并以此为依据安排库存补缺。还要保管好出入库单据，以便查找时有单据可依。合理设置各类物资和产品的明细账簿和台账；根据实际情况和各类物品的性质、用途、类型分门别类建立相应的明细账。做好各类物料的日常核查工作，对各类库存物资定期进行检查盘点，并做到账、物一致，定期进行各类存货的分类整理，入库时，做好查点物资的数量、规格型号等，并做好记录。各类物资的发出，根据计划确定数量，并有相关人员负责领取签字。第三，做好服务工作。一方面，要整理好客户要货及发货情况记录，以便财务方面收款或对账；另一方面，为了方便采购工作，收管好进货记录信息。经常核对配件的到货情况，1 配件到起后，及时通知使用车间，以便按时加工制造。严格进出货管理，规格型号、单价、数量不符的不予入库，未见计划单、合同单及别的有效文件不予出库。

在以后的工作中，我要坚持做到以下几点：

1、注意库房的干燥整洁，保持库房的清洁卫生

2、仓库物品要分类存放，摆放整齐，对库存物品要心中有数，了如指掌。

3、物品出库要有领用人签字，入库物品要及时登记入帐，对车间急用的物品，要及时领或借取。

4、大宗原料、设备不能入库的，要点清数量，整齐的放到安全的地方，避免造成损失。

5、加强防护工作，确保库房安全。

6、临时借用的工具，要建立借用物品台账，严格履行借用规定，并及时催收入库，如有损坏，及时找人修理。临时存放在仓库既占空间又不会领用，盘点过程中有少量物品已成为呆滞品。自己建议合理渗用或申请报废处置。无论在哪个岗位，不断地提高自己是永远的任务。既然我们是一个集体，大家就应该紧密团结，互相帮助，完成各种任务，克服各种困难，努力工作。

第四篇：应聘指南

面试注意事项

1、什么是紧张、焦虑

焦虑人人都会有，用心理学的语言来说，它是人面对环境刺激产生的一种应激状态，这时身体会动员大部分能量以应付紧急状况，各个脏器也在紧张工作。所以面临考试产生焦虑紧张是正常的，一定程度的紧张还会对学习有所帮助。过度的紧张和焦虑会造成注意力不集中、记忆力下降、精力不足、失眠、神经衰弱、经常头疼头晕、食欲不振等。它的实质是面临考试产生的过度应激状态。

面试中出现紧张焦虑程度，其影响因素主要包括三个方面：

第一，与个人的切身利益前途命运的关联程度，越看重越紧张，关联程度与紧张程度成正比。

第二，公务员面试考场的氛围容易让人紧张。公务员面试比较规范，有严密的程序和操作规则。考场正前方是考官席，左右分别是纪检监察和工作员，中间是考生席。当引领员带考生进入考场，自然会产生一种紧张的气氛。

第三，面试题的难易程度和紧张程度成正比，考生临场发挥好坏与紧张程度成反比。

2、怎样看待紧张焦虑

紧张并非坏事，不要怕紧张。面试时紧张是正常的，不紧张才不正常。适度的紧张，有利于刺激兴奋；过度的紧张，导致发挥失常。这正如马拉松赛跑，如果你的情绪过于松散低落，甚至萎靡不振，就会落入人后；但是，紧张焦虑如果过度，就可能坚持不到最后或无法冲刺，也不能跑出最好的成绩。

3、如何克服面试中的紧张焦虑

第一，心态平衡法。公务员考试竟争十分激烈，不仅是知识的比拼，也是心理的较量，更是意志力的磨练。面试时的心态特别重要，参加面试前考生会到听许多这样的话：树立信心，不要紧张，放开放松。具体的实施过程应该是做到一高一低：士气上高——我肯定比对手强；目标上低——把成功几率降低，把一定要上调整为不一定能上，尽力而为，过程比结果更重要，参加面试权当锻炼自我，这样，就能丢掉包袱，轻松上阵。

第二，认知平衡法。要解决不过度紧张的最有效、最实在的办法，充分准备，全面提高面试水平。绝不能有投机心理，找所谓的高手押题，准备越充分成功几率越大。只有从实力上认识到自己的能力，从而达到认知上的有备无患。

第三，身心平衡法。俗话说“身体是革命的本钱”，在面试这一关，身体放松也是一个重要的环节。面试前，作深呼吸，慢慢吸气然后慢慢呼出，每当呼出的时候在心中默念“放松”。或者闭上眼睛，着意去想象一些恬静美好的景物，如蓝色的海水、金黄色的沙滩、朵朵白云、高山流水等。

第五篇：实习大管轮实习报告(管理篇)

大管轮管理

珍珠湾实习大管轮-胡红

自2008年九月来到南方沥青运输公司实习以来，我从第一条船亚龙湾实习三管轮做起，经过大鹏湾，星海湾，宁海湾，木兰湾的工作历程，直到现在珍珠湾实习大管轮四个月。对大管轮的管理提出我自己的浅薄见解。

大管轮在机舱充当设备的管理者，在机舱的设备管理中又充当协调者和日常工作安排的执行者。

关于设备管理，不仅自己负责的设备要管理好，同样三轨，四轨的设备也要总体监督和协调好。我们要意识到机舱设备是个整体循环系统，它就相当一组食物链，任何环节出问题，都会直接和间接影响到整体船舶的运行安全和经营效益。例如，当四轨管理的锅炉出问题，他遇到困难时，作为大管轮是有义务和责任去协助和督促四轨解决问题。一旦四轨两台锅炉都不能使用，直接受影响的就是货物和管路不能加温而导致装卸货不能正常进行。这是对沥青船舶经营效益最致命的打击。

其次就是机舱日用燃油加热系统受到影响，主辅机燃烧状况受到影响。虽然我们可以使用轻油来对付这种情况，但是时间久了，会因为管理上存在漏洞，导致公司成本增加，这种局面是相当被动的。

我们作为生产一线的船员，对设备实际运行的状况的了解最具先天条件。无论遇到什么问题，我们最有机会到现场发现和归纳各种信息，至于能不能解决，我们可以通过各种方式和渠道的沟通，把问题解决。

既然是管理设备，我们不可能去制造设备，因此在管理前，设备本身应具备正常运行的条件。这些条件需要我们根据操作说明和保养须知在日常工作中对设备进行正确的操作和维护，即使中途有人临时篡改一些东西，违背了说明书的要求，我们也要想方设法恢复到原始状态。这样会避免很多潜在的风险。

根据我在湾字号的工作经历，任意篡改这方面的现象，尤其存在于6-7年的湾字号船舶电器设备中，控制箱内部的电器原件和线路随意篡改的现象已经非常普遍，例如在锅炉，造水机，绞缆机等控制箱内。湾字号船上没有配电机员，加上轮机员对电知识不专业，即使这任轮机员懂电，但不能保证下任一样的懂电，因此存在电器良好管理的不连续性，必然存在管理上的真空。特别对我们这些电气知识不够专业的轮机员来说，刚接手这些篡改电路的设备，如果没有备忘，只要设备再出现电路问题，再去查找新的问题会相当头痛的。例如我在珍珠湾大管轮实习期间关于应急配电板绝缘指示灯老是烧坏的问题，最能证明这一情况（见实习大管轮述职报告）。

同样的道理，如果我们在机舱日常管理其它机械设备中，严格按照说明书操作，不随意篡改，重视回归原本，避免潜在风险，把握全局，协调好整体。我想这些临时篡改的措施就会只用在应急情况下。这是我对大管轮设备管理的重要理解。

机舱设备每天按照其设计的方式有条不紊的运行着，有些设备因运行周期到期和管理上出现问题而导致故障发生。平时又加上正常的工作维修保养工作和应对PSC检查和油公司检查，大管轮作为机舱人员的管理者和日常工作安排的执行者。大管轮的工作安排计划和人员的调配是否合理，对机舱整体的工作效率产生至关重要的作用。

管理首先离不开计划，有了计划，就需要大管轮发挥自己的领导才能和管理手段，有效的去组织人员实行计划，其次大管轮在工作中让下属明确他们的方向和任务，从而让他们为具体的工作采取相应的措施（包括安全措施和工作的方法）。最后大管轮还得根据现场情况的变化，对计划作出相应的调整，保证计划和实际相适应。

大管轮在机舱应充当一个船舶领导与自己部门下属员沟通和管理桥梁作用，如何把上峰的政策和管理理念很好的传达给下属，这需要大管轮利用自己的管理手段，让公司体系和政策得到有效的实行。同时面对设备出现的故障，如何协助轮机长有效组织自己管理的团队去付出行动，解决排除故障。从而实现领导和自己的管理目标。以上是我对机舱人员管理的基本管理观念。

机舱每天的工作量很多，除了日常的维修保养，还包括随时出现新的问题。因此大管轮对各项工作安排就要通过合理计划去实现。合理的计划离不开各种信息的采集归纳，这些不仅包括自己的工作，还包括三轨，四轨的一些工作。综合起来事情有大有小，有急有缓。具体安排原则：首先是既重要又急的事，其次是重要而不急的事，再是急而不重要的事，最后是既不重要也不急的事。例如2015年3月13日珍珠湾船舶抵港前2天（PSC澳检和SHELL油公司检查）机舱同时出现问题的工单有这些：

一、常规试验救助艇不能启动起来。

二、机舱中央冷却器海水管破管。

三、机舱有台备用的锅炉点不起，现用的锅炉时常熄火。

四、机舱因为厨房电灶锅使用导致440V绝缘低老是报警。

五、空调间蒸发器下水道赌塞，有水泄露到外部。

六、新增加的厨房冰箱需要安装底座以固定。

面对这么多工作同时出现，时间又紧迫，大管轮在这时，就要根据轻重缓急的原则有计划的安排工作。

首先第二项我们可以集中力量解决，因为这是既重要又急的事，中央冷凝器不能使用将会影响到低温淡水温度，为了避免事态继续扩大，我们需采取相应的补漏措施来防止机舱发生洪涝灾害的危险。就算加班加点也要把此事先解决。

其次就是第一项和第三项，抵港前需要锅炉加温货舱和管路，同时救助艇是PSC检查的必查项目，此缺陷为滞留缺陷。抵港还有两天时间，因此它们是重要而不很急。由于这些都是四轨管理的项目，因此大管轮在此时要协调好轮机员，把三轨和自己的手下工作放下，一起协助四轨尽快把问题解决，不能解决至少也要查出问题，求助岸基。

第四，五项属于急而不重要，暂时可以往后安排。选择适当时机疏通管道，更换电灶。至于第六项我们可以安排到最后。因为它属于既不重要也不急的事。

总之大管轮就要在正确的时间安排正确的工作。这也是大管轮在管理上的基本要求之一。

大管轮在每天的日常工作安排中，对人员的安排和工作要求要具体合理。要根据每次工作内容和技术要求作出风险评估，再根据现有的人员的生理和心理状况及工作职责，作出相应的安排。例如加油工作中，机工长由于年纪大，老花眼，反应迟钝就不能像往常习惯性安排他在甲板量油和观察管汇压力等工作。但是机舱当时又抽不出人员去代替，这时我们可以根据实际情况，适当错开安排，在刚开始加油时，由于油舱是空舱，风险小，我们不需要经常量油检查，一般在风险最大时候，快要满舱时量油。这时就不能让老机工长继续做此份工作。可以临时调换人员，让值班机工顶替一会儿。这样就合理的降低工作中的安全风险。大鹏湾在2015年3月1号发生三管轮使用砂轮机自伤事件，在大管轮管理角度出发，我认为就是工作中没有物色人选，才导致此悲剧的发生。在平时使用专用切割机和手握式打磨机

时，对于年轻的工作人员来说，风险总是最大的，因为没有太多的实战经验。因此，这点我们在平时布置安排工作时是需要考虑的。必须采取相应的措施，例如可以固定凡是有需要切割的活，可以统一安排熟练工，这些可以是机工长，也可以是机工，还可以是其他轮机员。甚至是甲板人员。工作体系是死的，人是活的，工作中灵活合理利用人员，对我们大管轮来说，这也是管理上的基本要求之一。

俗话说：“一花开放不是春，众花开放春满园”，大管轮作为下属负责人和轮机长协助管理人，在自己不断学习、不断提高的同时，还应该义不容辞地承担起为下属创造学习机会的责任和技术指导，还要安排各种培训活动提高大家的整体素质。船舶人员是个团队，机舱是个小团队，我认为任何一个优秀的团队都是学习型团队，也只有学习型的团队才能不断积累持续发展的动力。作为一个船舶动力维护团队，需要学习的东西太多太多，目前而作为梦想崭露头角的大管轮，学习的渠道当然也很多，“世上无难事，只怕有心人”。我想这对企业的持续发展也是十分需要的。

远洋船舶大部时间在海上远离大陆，各项工作需要船舶管理人员协调好，如果仅仅抱着“各扫门前雪”的态度，是远远不够，尤其在特殊情况下，各自为政，互不买账，不仅“门前雪”扫不好，还会造成整体船舶的工作任务完不成，甚至会出现危情和险情。例如，上述救助艇因电路问题不能启动，四轨电路知识有限情况下，此时大管轮就需要物色人选，把懂电的其他轮机员给予帮助。实在不行就岸基支持，因为我们公司机务也是团队的组成部分，我们都有着共同的目标，都是为了船舶正常营运而工作，只是各自分工不同而已。这样团队的作用得到了最好的发挥。

“人心齐，泰山移”，团队合作的力量是巨大。人心齐不齐，是需要管理者去协调。大管轮作为轮机长的协助管理者，要义不容辞加入团队的管理建设中，打造出良好的学习型团队，让每个人骨子里有团队精神。这样我们一定会过关斩将，克服各种困难险阻，完成各项工作任务，为公司增光添彩！

珍珠湾实习大管轮—胡红

2015-04-24