英语名词的单复数变化规则

第一篇：英语名词的单复数变化规则

英语名词的单复数变化规则

一、可数名词都有单数和复数之分。A: 规则的可数名词的复数变化规则：

1.一般情况加 s ：

book--books mouth---mouths

house---houses girl---girls 2.以 s、sh、ch、x结尾的加 es ： class---classes box----boxes

match----matches

3.辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 i加es：

city---cities

country----countries

party----parties factory----factories

4.以 o 结尾的词

+es的只有以下词

：heroes Negroes tomatoes potatoes zeroes/zeros 以 o 结尾并且词尾有两个元音字母 +s radios, zoos, bamboos ,(pianos ,kilos photos)5.以f，fe 结尾的 变f或fe为v +es ：

thief

wife

life

knife

wolf

half

leaf shelf The thief’s wife killed three wolves with some leaves and knives in half of her life.B: 名词词尾的读音规则：

A． 在[ p] [t] [k] [f]等清辅音后读[s] cups，hats，cakes，roofs B.在[s] [z] [∫] [t∫]等音后读[iz] glasses, faces, roses.C.在其他情况下读作[z] beds days cities knives.D.以th结尾的词原来读[ ] 加词尾后多数读[ ]

如： mouth—mouths path—paths;

但是也有不变化的，如： month—months, ninth—ninths, youth—youths.C: 不规则的可数名词的变化规则： 小老鼠爬灯台，偷油吃下不来。男人当警察，保护妇女跟儿童； 英国人的牙咬了法国人的脚； 养了一头日本羊，送给了中国人； 养了一头鹿跟鹅，卖给了瑞士人。

1.man—men, woman—women, tooth—teeth, foot—feet, goose—geese child—children, mouse—mice, 2.单复数相同: sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese Swiss.3.以man, woman 修饰名词构成合成词时,两个词都变化.man servant—men servants.(boy/girl students

第三人称单数

第三人称单数是英语中主语所显示出的一种情况，可简称“单三”。也就是主语是第三人称并且是单个东西，英语也规定不可数名词也当做“单三”【比如a dog，she、he、it、不可数名词和人名（一个人的）】，这时谓语要根据其情况变化。

目录 1大意 2用法

第三人称单数是英语中的一种语法，也称“三单”或“单三”，用于一般现在时的句子，当动词在第三人称单数后时【she、he、it、不可数名词和人名（一个人的）】，要根据其情况变化。用法

首先，咱们要搞清楚第一、第二、第三人称各是什么。第一人称就是“我”和“我们”。第二人称是“你”和“你们”。三人称单数是“他”、“她”和“它”，复数则是“他们”。

大多数实义动词在词尾加“s”在清辅音后发音为/ s / ；在浊辅音及元音因素后发音为 / z /。如speak→speaks /s/;come→comes /z/;play→plays /z/。

1、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的动词，要先将“y”变为“i”然后再加“es”读/z/。如study→studies /z/;fly→flies /z/

2、以“s、x、ch、sh”结尾的动词在词尾加“es”发音为/ iz /。如teach→teaches /iz/;watch→watches /iz/

3、以“o”结尾的动词,在词尾加“es”。常出现的两个以“o”结尾的动词go和do后加“es”读/z/。如go→goes /z/;do→does /z/

4、记住最为特别的be的三单is，have的三单是has。

[注意]a、下面两个动词变三单时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，要记忆。如do/du:/ →does/dʌz/;say/sei/ → says /sez/。

b、以不发音字母“e”结尾的开音节词，如果尾音是[s][z]时加“s”后字母“e”发音与所加“s” 一起读做[iz]。如： close→closes [iz]。在中文中第三人称单数的三个“他”写法不一样，读音却相同。但在英语中，三个“他”既有不同的读音，也有不同的写法，分别是he, she, it。在第三人称后不能使用动词的原形，而要在相应的动词后加s或es。

简单地讲，一个人就是单数，多于一个人就是复数。在咱们汉语里，第三人称复数也就是常说的“他们”或者“她们”，英语中就是they.而“第三人称单数”就是指的“他”或者“她”，在英语中，相对应的就是he或者she 句子举例： 第三人称单数： He is a student.（他是学生）第三人称复数： They are students.（他们是学生）

以上只是一种帮助你理解的简单回答，第三人称还包括一些其他的方面，比如“it”等，这里就不多说了，希望你在学习中多多体会。

在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。

下面我们归纳一下第三人称单数的用法：

一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。如： He likes watching TV.他喜欢看电视。She has lunch at twelve.她十二点吃午餐。It looks like a cat.它看起来像只猫。

二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。如： ①Han Mei looks like her mother.韩梅看起来像她的母亲。②Beijing is in China.北京在中国。

③Uncle Wang often makes cakes.王叔叔经常做蛋糕。

三、单数可数名词或“this/that/the+单数可数名词”作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①A horse is a useful animal.马是有用的动物。②This book is yours.这本书是你的。③That car is red.那辆小汽车是红色的。④The cat is Lucy's.这只猫是露茜的。

四、不定代词someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代词this, that作主语时，是第三人称单数。如： ①Everyone is here.大家到齐了。

②There is something wrong with the watch.这块手表有毛病。③This is a pen.这是一支钢笔。

④That is an eraser.那是一块橡皮擦。

五、不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数。如： ①The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯里。2The bread is very small.那面包很小。

六、当数字或字母作主语时，看作第三人称单数。如： ②“I” is a letter.“I”是个字母。

动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则 规则动词的过去式变化如下：

1、一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed，如：

work---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted

2、以不发音的-e 结尾动词，动词词尾加-d，如：

live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped

3、以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：

study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried

4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如：

stop---stopped

5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。

go – went make – made get – got buycame fly-flew 不规则动词的过去式的构成

1．把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如：

begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam 2．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：

drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote

3．改动词原形中的aw ／ow为ew，变成过去式。如：

draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）

4．动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：

get—got，forget—forgot

5．动词原形中的ee改为e，变成过去式。如：

feed—fed，meet—met 6．动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：

keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept

7．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：

break—broke，speak—spoke

8．动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：

sell—sold，tell—told

9．动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如：

stand—stood，understand—understood

10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如：

bring—brought，buy— bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught 11．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如：

can—could，shall—should，will—would

12．把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。如：

come—came，become—became

13．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：

hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕，say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕

14．动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：

let—let，must—must，put—put，read—read〔red〕

15．不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：

am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，feel—felt，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have ／has— had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took 过去式“-ed”的发音规则

（1）动词词尾为“t，d”时，发/ id /音，want →wanted（要）need →needed（需要）

（2）动词词尾为清辅音时，发/ t / 音。

help →helped（帮助）laugh →laughed（笑）look →looked（看）

kiss →kissed（吻）wash →washed（洗）watch →watched（注视）

（3）动词词尾为t，d以外之浊辅音或元音时，发/ d /音。

call →called（叫）stay→stayed（停留）cry→cried（哭）

动名词的变化规则

动名词的规则变化 一般情况下，直接在动词后加ing（现在进行时）

work working studytaking makecutting put begin 4 以－ie结尾的动词，把变成y再加ing

lie – lying

tie – tying

时态

现在进行时

表示现在或当前一般时间正在进行的动作。

有时也可以表示有计划的未来。现在进行时的构成是:主语+be(am, is ,are)+动词ing〔现在分词〕形式 一般现在时

一、定义与讲解

一般现在时：表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实。

时间状语：often 经常，usually通常，always 总是，every每个，sometimes 有时，at „在几点钟

只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”，其他用动词的原形。

三单变化：1.多数在动词后＋s

play — plays like — likes

（1）直接在动词词尾加-s.ask---asks

work---works get---gets

stay---stays

（2）以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-es.watch---watches

wish---wishes fix---fixes

do---does

go---goes

pass---passes

（3）以“辅音字母加-y”结尾的动词，要先变y为i再加-es.try---tries

study---studies cry---cries

fly---flies

2.不规则变化：

be----is are

have----has 二、一般现在时用法

1.表示经常性，习惯性,永久性的动作或存在的状态.通常与副词sometimes, often, usually, always, every day(year, month), once(twice, three times)a day,等时间状语连用。

They usually go to school by bike.I take the medicine three times a day.She helps her mother once a week.Mary’s father is a policeman.There are 50 students in my class.2.表示客观真理，科学原理，自然现象，等客观事实或格言，谚语等。

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.The man who has never been to the Great Wall is not a real man.Tomorrow is Tuesday.三、一般现在时的句子转换：

（1）当句子中有be动词或情态动词时，则把be动词或情态动词(can,could等等)提到主语的前面变成疑问句;在be动词或情态动词后面加not变成否定句.例：①陈述句：She is a student.疑问句→ Is she a student?

否定句→ She is not a student.②陈述句：I can swim.疑问句→ Can you swim

否定句→ I can not swim.（2）

当句子中即没有be动词，也没有情态动词时，则在主语前加助动词do(you,以及复数), does（单数she,he,it）变成问句；在主语后谓语动词前加助动词don’t（I,you,以及复数), doesn’t（单数she,he,it）变成否定句，助动词后的动词要变成动词原形。

例：①陈述句：We get up at 7:00 every morning.疑问句→Do you get up at 7:00 every morning?

否定句→We don’t get up at 7:00 every morning.②陈述句：She has a little brother.疑问句→ Does she have a little brother? 否定句→ She doesn’t have a little brother.一般过去时的基本用法

更新时间：2013/10/31 14:42:45 发布者：佚名

1.一般过去时的定义

一般过去时表示过去某一时候或某一段时间所发生了的事情或存在的状态。常与过去时间yesterday, this morning, just now, a moment ago, in May, last night / year / week, once upon a time, the other day, before „, when – clause, in the past连用。如：

What did you do yesterday? 昨天你干了什么?

I met Lin Tao this morning.今天上午我会到了林涛。

I was there a moment ago.刚才我在那儿。

2.一般过去时的应用

(1)表示过去某时所发生的动作或存在的状态。如：

Liu Ying was in America last year.刘英去年在美国。

Jim rang you just now.吉姆刚才给你打了电话。

(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常接时间副词often, usually, always, sometimes, every day / week, etc.如：

We often went out for a walk after supper.我们过去常在晚饭后散步。

We usually played together.我们通常一起玩。(from www.xiexiebang.com)

3.一般过去时对谓语动词的要求

一般过去时的谓语动词要用动词的过去式。动词过去式的构成分规则变化和不规则变化两种形式，不规则变化通常需要逐个记忆，规则变化则遵循以下原则：

(1)一般在动词后加-ed。如：play—played, offer—offered, weigh—weighed, destroy— destroyed, sign—signed.(2)在以字母e结尾的动词后，只加-d。如：like—liked, provide—provided, hate — hated, date—dated。

(3)在以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词后，则改y为i，再加—ed。如：supply—supplied, fly—flied, study— studied.(from www.xiexiebang.com)

(4)在以单短元音的重读闭音节结尾且，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词后，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：plan—planned, refer—referred, regret—regretted, ban—banned.4.特别说明

有些动词的过去时，如：expect, hope, intend, plan, wanted 等一般过去时，后接不定式的完成时;或它们的过去完成时接不定式的一般式，都可表示过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望。如：

I hoped to have been invited to his wedding party.—I had hoped to be invited to his wedding ceremony.我本希望他来邀请我参加他的婚礼。

I intended to have joined their games.—I had intended to join their games.我本打算参加他们的比赛。过去进行时

过去进行时（Past continuous tense或Past Progressive tense）表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。不强调是否完成。

基本概念折叠编辑本段

一、概念和用法：过去进行时

表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。其形式为was /were + V-ing。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last night,last Saturday等；或者与when,while,as引导的过去时间状语连用。例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？

二、过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如：What was she doing at nine o‘clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？（介词短语表示时间点）When I saw him he was decorating his room.当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。（when从句表示时间点）

三、在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：While he was waiting for the bus,he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。（两个动作都是延续的）He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）

四、通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree,be动词,believe,belong,care,forget,hate,have（拥有），hear,know,like,love,mean,mind,notice,own,remember,seem,suppose,understand,want,wish等。

例如：误：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer.我知道答案。

误：I wasn‘t understanding him.结构组成折叠编辑本段

1.过去进行时由“主语+was/were +doing”构成

EX： We were having supper when the phone rang.我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。

2.过去进行时的否定式由“主语+was/were not +v.ing”构成。

EX： This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.He was repairing his bike.昨天这个时候，杰克不是在看电视，而是在修理自行车。

3.过去进行时的疑问式由“was/were +主语+ v.ing”组成。

EX： Were you playing basketball at four yesterday afternoon? 昨天下午4点你们在打篮球么?

句型 折叠

肯定句=主语+was/were+doing+其它

否定句=主语+was/were+not+doing+其它

一般疑问句=Was/Were+主语+doing+其它

答语：Yes,I was/were.或No,I wasn't/weren’t.特殊疑问句=特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+其它

例句 折叠

1、We were having supper when the phone rang.我们正在吃晚饭时，电话响了｡

2、This time yesterday Jack was not watching TV.昨天这个时候杰克没看电视。

3、He was repairing his bike.他在修理自行车。

4、When/While we were having supper, the light went out.我们正在吃饭时，灯熄灭了。

5、While we were talking, the teacher came in.当我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。

6、While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。

7、He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦车时，我正在做饭。

8、Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week.汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。

主要用法折叠编辑本段 基本用法 折叠

1.过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。

过去进行时如：He fell asleep when he was reading.他看书时睡着了。

2.用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。

如：I was wondering if you could give me a lift.我不知你能否让我搭一下车。

【注】一般过去时也有类似用法，但比较而言，用过去进行时显得更客气，更不肯定。

3.过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，也通常与 always,forever,continually等副词连用。

如：They were always quarrelling.他们老是吵架。

4.动词be的过去进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。

比较：He was friendly.他很友好。（指过去长期如此）

He was being friendly.他当时显得很友好。（指当时一时的表现）

补充：when 的后面加任意时态，而且动词是短暂性动词。

while 的后面加进行时，动词是延续性动词同省同留。

5，当两个动作在过去某一时间同时发生时、用过去进行时表示较长的动作，可用于主句和从句。

例：He was

watching

TV

when

his mother

came

in.{当他妈妈进来时，他正在看电视}

特殊用法 折叠

1、当句子意思很清楚时，我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时。

We listened carefully when the teacher read the text.老师读课文时，我们都仔细地听着。

2、表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。用于come,go,leave,start,arrive等表示位置转移的动词时，也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。

如：He told me that he was going soon.他告诉我他很快就要走了。

3、表示故事发生的背景。

It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front.那支医疗小组往前线行进时，天正下着雪。

4、表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。过去进行时可用来引出一个新的动作，这种用法颇有点儿像镜头转换。

Five minutes later,he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette.5分钟后，他已站在门口抽着烟。

5、过去进行时还可和when结构遥相呼应，含有意外之意。

I was walking in the street when someone called me.我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。

6、用来陈述原因或用作借口。

She went to the doctor yesterday.She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。

7、与always,constantly等词连用，表示感情色彩。

The girl was always changing her mind.这女孩老是改变主意。

8、用在状语中。

例：He felt asleep when he was reading.当他阅读时，他睡着了。正：I didn‘t understand him.我不明白他的意思

第二篇：名词单复数变化

名词的单复数形式变化

一、最常见的就是直接在名词后面+s Boy—boys（男孩）cat—cats（猫）room—rooms（房间）horse—horses（马）tree—trees（树）rose—roses（玫瑰）

二、如果名词是以x、s、sh、ch结尾的，在名词后面+es Branch—branches（树枝）match—matches（火柴）fox—foxes（狐狸）class—classes（班级）bus—buses（公交车）Box—boxes（箱子）watch—watches（手表）dish—dishes（盘子）coach—coaches（车厢）couch—couches（沙发）

三、如果名词是以辅音加y结尾的，要变y为i加es;如果不是以辅音结尾的，就直接在y后面加上s Family—families（家庭）study—studies（学习）party—parties(派对)baby—babies（宝贝）city—cities（城市）

Boy—boys（男孩）toy—toys（玩具）way—ways（方法、路）monkey—monkeys（猴子）key—keys（钥匙）

四、当名词是以fe或f结尾的，要变fe或f为v，再加es；有的直接加s Thief—thieves（小偷）shelf—shelves（书架）leaf—leaves（树叶）half—halves（一半）Wolf—wolves（狼）life—lives（生活、生命）wife—wives（妻子）knife—knives（刀）Roof—roofs（房顶）belief—beliefs（信念）proof—proofs（证据）

五、当名词是以o结尾有生命的加es，没有生命的加s Potato—potatoes（土豆）tomato—tomatoes（西红柿）

hero—heroes（英雄）Photo—photos（相片）zoo—zoos（动物园）radio—radios（广播）piano—pianos（钢琴）

六、名词复数不规则变化

Child—children（小孩）mouse—mice（老鼠）man—men（男人）woman—women（女人）German—Germans（德国人）

Englishman—Englishmen（英国人）Frenchman---frenchmen（法国人）foot—feet（足，脚）tooth—teeth（牙齿）1）单复数同形

Deer—deer（鹿）fish—fish（鱼）Chinese—Chinese（中国人）Japanese—Japanese（日本人）2）集体名词，名词以单数的形式出现，但是实际上是指的复数 People（人们）police（警察）public（公众）

第三篇：英语名词单复数变化规则

英语名词单复数变化规则

一、规则变化如下：

1)一般情况加 –s：map-maps boy-boys

2)以s,sh,ch,x结尾加 –es bus-buses watch-watches

3)以辅音字母+y结尾,变y 为i再加es baby---babies city-cities country-countries，但以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数.例如：two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 4)以o结尾的名词,变复数时：

a.以两个元音字母结尾（其一必定是o）时,加es zoo-zoos kangaroo-kangarooes

b.某些外来词 photo-photos piano-pianos c.其余情况,都发o

5）以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a.加s,如：belief---beliefs roof---roofs b.去f,fe 加ves,如：half---halves

c.上述a和b两种方法均可,如handkerchief:handkerchiefs / handkerchieves.二、不规则变化（需额外记忆）

1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women

注意：由一个词加 man 或 woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women,如an Englishman,two Englishmen.但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans.2）

单

复

同

形,如deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese ,li,jin,yuan,two li,three mu,four jin等.但除人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式.如：a dollar,two dollars;a meter,two meters.3）集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数.例如：people police cattle 等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说a person,a policeman,a head of cattle.4）以s结尾,仍为单数的名词,如：

a.maths,politics,physics等学科名词,一般是不可数名词,为单数.b.news 为不可数名词.c.the United States,the United Nations 应视为单数.The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的.d.以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也可视为单数.例如： “The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书.5）表示由两部分构成的东西,如：glasses（眼镜）trousers,clothes等,若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair（对,双）;suit（套）;a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers等.6）另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如：goods货物,waters水域,fishes（各种）鱼.7）有些表示生物的名词,其复数形式与单数相同.如：fish-fish,sheep-sheep,deer-deer.这类名词还有aircraft,means等

第四篇：英语名词单复数变化规律

英语中名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词在应用时有单数和复数形式。表示一个用单数，表示两个或两个以上用复数。复数名词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化。名词复数的规则变化：

1.大多数名词在词尾加-s（在清辅音后读[s]，在浊辅音及元音后读[z]。）

cat—cats bag—bags day—days lake-lakes dog-dogs 2.以 s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词在词尾加-es, 读作[iz] class—classes match—matches dish-dishes church--churches 3.以辅音字母 y 结尾的名词把 y 变成 i, 加-es, 读作[iz] city—cities factory—factories party—parties

但专有名词例外，直接在 y后加-s，读作[z]Germany—Germanys.4.以辅音字母 o结尾的名词一般直接加-es , 读作[z] potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes hero—heroes

某些外来词，加 –s，读作[z]。如photo—photos piano—pianos kilo—kilos studio—studioes

以元音字母 o 结尾的名词直接加-s, 但读作[z] zoo—zoos radio—radios

5.以 f 或fe结尾的名词, 将 f 或fe变为 v, 再加-es,读作[z] leaf—leaves wife—wives knife—knives

有的直接加-s, 读作[z] roof—roofs

有些词两种形式都可以 handkerchief--handkerchiefs—handkerchieves 6.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i es baby—babies family—families 以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s boy—boys toy—toys 名词复数的不规则变化

1.child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women

注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

如： an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。2.单复同形如：

deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters

3.集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。如： The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。4.以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：

a.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。b.news 是不可数名词。

c.the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。

d.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

5.表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses(眼镜)trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers

6.另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼

第五篇：名词单复数

一、名词

名词可以分为可数名词与不可数名词，其中可数名词具有单、复数的形式；而不可数名词没有复数形式。

1.从单数 复数，变形规则如下：

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families（家庭）, strawberry-strawberries（草莓）

4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman（男警察）-policemen, policewoman（女警察）-policewomen, mouse-mice child（孩子）-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, sheep（羊）-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,当people后加上s时即peoples表示“民族”例如：There are 56 peoples in China.中国有56个民族。2.以下词为常为不可数名词，他们的复数形式就是他们本身。

Water(水)milk(牛奶)tea(茶)rice(米饭)orange（橙汁）juice（果汁）bread（面包）练习题 写出下列各词的复数

I _________this ___________that___________ watch _______child _______photo ________diary _________ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ______________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____________ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich _______________ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice____________________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea_______________-注意be 动词遇到名词时的运用: 单数名词用is, 复数名词全用are.名词单复数讲解及练习名词单复数

（1）名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，不可数名词没有单复数，一律看作单数。（2）可数名词的单数前什么时候用a，什么时候用an？ 答：以元音音标（或音素）开头的用an。以辅音音标（或音素）开头的用a。注意：我们看的是音标（或音素），而不是元音字母。

一、选择a或an或不填（用/表示）pen bag apple big apple banana orange oranges orange pen（3）可数名词的变化规则：

① 般在词尾加s，如：books，bags，fruits。加s之后的读音②以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es，读[iz]；以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接在词尾加s。

② 如：baby —— babies ③ ④以f、fe结尾的名词变f、fe为ves,如：wolf [wulf] 狼——wolves wife（妻子）— life（生命）— knife —

④ ⑤以o结尾的名词加es 的有：如：zoo——zoos photo——photos（4）名词复数的不规则变化：

⑤ man—men男人 woman[wumEn]—women [5wimin] 女人tooth [tu:W]—teeth [ti:W] 牙齿 foot [fut]—feet [fi:t] 脚，英尺 goose [gu:s]—geese [gi:z] 鹅 mouse [maus] —mice [mais] 老鼠 ⑥ ②child [tFaild]—children [5tFildrEn] 孩子 ③单复同形的名词有：

⑦ chinese [5tFaini:z] 中国人Japanese [7dVApE5ni:z]日本人 sheep [Fi:p] 绵羊 deer [diE] 鹿 fish [fiF] 鱼

⑧ 注意：fish①当一条鱼讲时，单复数同形，如three fish.②当各种各样的鱼讲时，即强调鱼的种类时，要加es.⑨ 如：all kinds[kaindz] of fishes.各种各样的鱼 ③当鱼肉讲时，不可数。

一、名词复数规则

⑩ 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ⑪ 2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5．不规则名词复数：

⑫ man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children ⑬ foot-feet,.tooth-teeth ⑭ fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese ⑮

⑯ 1.I have two_____(knife)⑰ 2.There are many _____ here.(box)⑱ 3.There are many _____ on the road.(bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The _____ are playing football now.(child)⑲

兔儿们，元宵节就要到了，Happy the Lantern Festival!元宵节快乐呀，代我向你们全家问好。the Lantern Festival（元宵节）。

⑳ 今天我们一起来回顾一下，名词复数形式的变化规则； 1.大多数情况下，直接加s 21 2.以 s x sh ch结尾的名词变复数，加es 22 3.以 f fe 结尾的名词变复数，把 f fe 变为ves.23 4.以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词变复数，把y 变 i 再加es.例如，family 以辅音字母l 加y 结尾，所以复数形式为families, 24 boy也是以y 结尾的，但它是以元音字母o加y结尾的，所以复数形式为boys 5.有些以字母o 结尾的名词变复数加es,例tomatoes,potatoes 6.还有一些不规则变化的，需要同学们分清记牢。如sheep——sheep，child------children Text 1 名词（总分100分）

一、请写出下列词的复数形式,没有复数形式的请划出 /。(1’*50=50’)city _____ _zoo ______country _____ tooth ____ mouse __ boy____________ broom ___________car ____ tree ______horse ______ bus______________ fox _____ branch ____ baby _____ family _____ country _____ radio _____ photo _____ piano _____ knife _____ leaf _____ life _____ thief _____ _man _____ woman _____ child ___ foot this _____________ watch___________diary____________day____________ book____________ dress____________ sheep___________tea_____________box___________ strawberry_________ peach__________sandwich__________paper_________ juice__________water____________ milk___________ rice__________ people CD ox___________deer____________fish___________

二、单项选择(1’*10=10’)()1.The __ in our yard are very beautiful.A.cloth B.water C.flowers()2.Tom is one of the Chinese _____ in our school.A.boy B.boys C.boies()3.A cat has four ____ , doesn't it? A.foots B.feet C.feets()4.There are three ____ and five _____ in the room.A.American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C.American, Japanese()5.Can you see nine ____ in the picture? A.fish B.book C.horse()6.The _____ has two______.A.boy;watch B.boy;watches C.boys;watch()7.The _____ are flying back to their country.A.Germany B.Germanys C.Germans()8.The girl brushes her _____ every day before he goes to bed.A.tooths B.teeth C.teeths()9.I saw many _____ in the street.A.peoples B.people C.people’s()10.The green sweater is his _________.A.brother B.brothers C.brother’s

三、选择填空(1’*10=10’)()1.They come from different ______ A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys()2.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato()3.They are______.A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher()4.Would you like _______ ,please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of waters D.two glasses of waters()5.Most of ______ live in _______.A.Germans, German B.German, Germen C.Germen, Germany D.Germans, Germany()6.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes pencil-boxes B.knives pencils-box C.knives pencil-box D.knives pencils-boxes()7.______ like ______ by air.A.Greens, travelling B.The Green, traveling C.The Greens, travel D.The Greens, traveling()8.I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A.the people B.people C.peoples D.the peoples()9.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs()10.My uncle has three _______.A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens 四.填入所给名词的正确形式(2’*10=20’)1.I have two____________(knife)2.There are many ___________ here.(box)3.There are many ___________ on the road.(bus)4.A few ___________ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The ______________ are playing football now.(child)6.Please take two _______________ for me.(photo)7.I like the red ________________.(tomato)8.Would you please clean your _____________ now?(tooth)9.Do you want some _________?(milk)10.There are ten __________ _________in our school.(woman teacher)

二、练习题。<一>、写出下列名词的复数形式

1、orange

2、class

3、text

4、monkey

5、piano

6、child

7、shelf

8、bed

9、country

10、family

11、toy

12、foot

13、Japanese

14、radio

15、photo

16、army

17、tomato

18、fox

19、woman 20、knife

22、sheep <二>、选择填空

1、There on the wall.They are very beautiful.A.are photoes B.are photos C.is a photo D.is photos 2.This kind of car made in Shanghai.A.is B.are C.were D.has 3.There are four and two in the group.A.Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C.Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans 4.That’a art book.A.an B.a C.the D are 5.The boys have got already.A.two bread B.two breads C.two pieces of bread D.two piece of bread 6.The old man wants.A.six boxes of apples B.six boxes of apple C.six box of apples D.six boxs of apples 7.There some in the river.A.is ,fish B.are, fishs C.is, fishs D.are ,fish 8.There two in the box.A.is watch B.are watches C.are watch D.is watches 9.We should clean twice a day.A.our tooth B.our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth 10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.A.teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.teachers 11.In Britain _____ are all painted red.A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box 1）选择填空 1.They come from different ______ A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys 2.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato 3.They are______.A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher 4.Would you like _______ ,please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of waters D.two glasses of waters 5.Most of ______ live in _______.A.Germans, German B.German, Germen C.Germen, Germany D.Germans, Germany 6.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes…pencil-boxes B.knives…pencils-box C.knives…pencil-box D.knives…pencils-boxes 7.______ like ______ by air.A.Greens, travelling B.The Green, traveling C.The Greens, travel D.The Greens, traveling 8.I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A.the people B.people C.peoples D.the peoples 9.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs 2）.填入所给名词的正确形式 1.I have two_____(knife)2.There are many _____ here.(box)3.There are many _____ on the road.(bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The _____ are playing football now.(child)1

1．bag _______ 2．orange _______ 3．family _______ 4．wish _______ 5．shelf _______ 6．knife _______ 7．key _______ 8．baby _______ 9．tooth _______ 10．foot _______ 11．woman _______ 12．sheep _______ 13．Japanese _______ 14．potato _______ 15．radio _______ 16．child _______ 17．fish _______ 18．photo _______ 19．Frenchman _______ 20．man doctor _______ 21.watch _______ 22.bus _______ 23.sheep _______ 24.foot _______ 2）选择填空 1.They come from different ______ A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys 2.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato 3.They are______.A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher 4.Would you like _______ ,please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of waters D.two glasses of waters 5.Most of ______ live in _______.A.Germans, German B.German, Germen C.Germen, Germany D.Germans, Germany 6.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes…pencil-boxes B.knives…pencils-box C.knives…pencil-box D.knives…pencils-boxes 7.______ like ______ by air.A.Greens, travelling B.The Green, traveling C.The Greens, travel D.The Greens, traveling 8.I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A.the people B.people C.peoples D.the peoples 9.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs 10._______ are good for our health.A.Tomatos B.Tomatoes C.Tomato 11.I like to eat cake with ______.A.cherries B.cherry C.cherrys 12.______ and ______ are not friends.A.Foxs…wolfs B.Foxes…wolfs C.Foxes…wolves 13.These are the ______ of our national ______.A.photos … heroes B.photoes … heroes C.photos … heros 14.The ______ are running on the ______.A.deer … grasses B.deers … grass C.deer … grass 15.I was so hungry and I ate two ______.A.bowls of noodle B.bowls of noodles C.bowl of noodles 3）.填入所给名词的正确形式 1.I have two_____(knife)2.There are many _____ here.(box)3.There are many _____ on the road.(bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The _____ are playing football now.(child)4）请用括号中名词的复数形式填空 Look at those _______.(child)2 I can see a __________ standing near the door.(policeman)3 Do you want some ________ for dinner?(potato)4 In autumn, you can see a lot of _______ on the ground.(leaf)5 He has two _______.One is blue , the other is yellow.(box)6 Two ________ live in this building.(family)5）选择正确的词形 1 How many(radioes, radios)can you see? 2 There are 36(boys, boies)in my class.3 Look at those(sheeps, sheep).4 I don’t want(a, an)old cup.5 Give me that(box, boxes), please.6）将以下单复数句进行转换 1 This is a knife.______________________________________ 2 That is a tomato.______________________________________ 3 That child is very good._____________________________________ 4 These are mice.______________________________________ 5 Those are children.______________________________________

1、I want three white paper.A、pieces B、piece of C、pieces of

2、Do you want to drink much ? A、a milk B、milk C、milks

3、This is room.It’s very big.A、Lily and Lucy’s B、Lily’s and Lucy’s C、Lily’s and Lucy

4、We visited house yesterday.A、Tom B、Toms C、Tom’s

5、Do you want some for supper? A、a potato B、potatoes C、potatos

6、In autumn，you can see a lot of on the ground.A、leaf B、leafs C、leaves

7、My sister has two.One is old，the other is new.A、a watch B、watchs C、watches

8、Best wishes to you for Day!A、Teacher’s B、Teachers’ C、Teacher

9、Many children like to go to the Palace on Sunday.A、Children B、Children’s C、Childrens’ 第一部分：

1.There are some ________ on the hill.A.sheeps B.a sheep C.sheep D.sheepes 2.Mr Black often gives us ________ by Email.A.some good information B.some good informations C.good informations D.a good information 3.There are some new books in the school library.They are ____ books.A.child B.childrens' C.children D.children's 4.I have worn out my shoes, so I want to buy a new ________.A.pair B.one C.ones D.trousers 5.Meimei's handwriting is better than any other ______ in his class.A.students B.students C.student's D.students' 6.The hospital is a bit far from here.It's about _______.A.forty minutes's walk B.forty minute's walk C.forty minutes walk D.forty minutes' walk 7.How many _____ are there in your class ?

A.Japanese B.American C.Australian D.Canadian 8.I found my black cat in_____ room.A.Jim and Mike B.Jim and Mike's C.Jim's and Mike's D.Jim's and Mike 9.How much are the _____ ? A.bread B.meats.C.potatos D.tomatoes 10.There are many ______ in our school.A.woman teachers B.woman's teachers C.women teachers D.women's teachers 11.Three months ________ a long time for me.A.is B.are C.have D.has 12.There are ______ and ______ on the table.A.two boxes cake;four bottle of oranges B.two boxes cake;four bottle of orange C.two boxes of cakes;four bottles of orange D.two box of cakes;four bottles of oranges 第二部分

1.All the _____teachers and______students are having a meeting there.A.women …girls B.women… girl C.woman…girls D.woman…girl

2.Mr Black is a friend of _________.A.Jack's aunt's B.Jack's aunt C.Jack aunt's D.aunt's of Jack 3.This toy was made by a ____ boy.A.ten-year-old B.ten-years-old C.ten-year-older D.ten-years-older 4.The farmer raised ten _________.A.sheeps B.deers C.horse D.cows 5.She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_________.A.her grandmother B.her grandmother's C.her grandmothers' D.that of her grandmother 6.We have moved into a ________.A.two-storey house B.house of two storey C.two-storeys house