00015自学考试《英语二》2011年1月真题及答案

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第一篇:00015自学考试《英语二》2011年1月真题及答案

2011年1月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

(二)I.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,l point each)

从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。1.We had a happy weekend at the seaside.And the transport, we had no difficulty.A.owing to

B.in case

C.once more

D.as for 2.Whether you stay or leave is a matter of total to me.A.indifference

B.enthusiasm

C.passion

D.harmony 3.It is said that a black hole can everything around it, such as stars.A.work out

B.settle down

C.swallow up

D.break into 4.It is well-known that the moon goes round the earth____.A.in a way

B.in a circle

C.in due course

D.in turn 5.He the book and found it worth buying.A.folded

B.extended

C.skimmed

D.skipped 6.The world make is changing.We must anticipate the changes and make timely adjustments.A.stably

B.constantly

C.scarcely

D.occasionally 7.The main____for discussion will be the proposed new supermarket.A.topic

B.idea

C.title

D.object 8.We went to bed that night ____ of the storm to come.A.invisible

B.unclear

C.senseless

D.ignorant 9.It's going to be hard to ____his wife that they can’t afford a new house.A.convince

B.contain

C.conduct

D.confess 10.The task we'1l carry out ____great courage and wisdom.A.calls up

B.calls on

C.calls about

D.calls for II.Cloze Test(10 points,l point each)

How does woman go about buying clothes? In 11 every aspect she does so in the way opposite to a man.Her shopping is not often 12 need.She has never fully made up her mind 13 she wants,and she is only “having a look round.”She is always 14 to persuasion;indeed she sets great store by what the saleswoman tells her, 15 by what companions tell her,She will 16 any number of things.Uppermost in her mind is the thought of finding something that everyone thinks suits her.Contrary to a lot of jokes, most women have an excellent 17 of value when they buy clothes, They are always on the lookout for the unexpected bargain.18 a roomful of dresses,a 19 may easily spend an hour going from one rail to 20,to and from,often retracing her steps before selecting.It is a laborious process,but apparently an enjoyable one.11.A.most

B.uppermost C.foremost D.almost

12.A.based on B.held on C.kept on D.made for

13.A.that

B.those

C.what

D.which

14.A.open

B.dull

C.close

D.keen

15.A.ever

B.even

C.better

D.aside

16.A.try on B.carry on C.figure out D.fall out

17.A.heart

B.mind

C.sense

D.thought

18.A.Run into B.Let out C.Brought about D.Faced with

19.A.salesman B.companion C.woman

D.saleswoman

20.A.the other B.another C.others

D.other III.Reading Comprehension(30 points,2 points each)

Passage One

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.About forty years ago, only five percent of American children who were three or four years old attended early education programs.Today, about two-thirds of the children of that age go to preschools, nursery schools or daycare centers with educational programs.Many education experts say this is a good situation.They say young children who have some kind of preschool education do much better when they attend school.Young children in preschool programs learn colors and numbers.They identify common objects and letters of the alphabet to prepare them for reading.They sing and play games that use numbers and maps.They learn to cooperate with teachers and other children.Many preschool programs include activities to help young children learn about the world around them.For example, children visit places like zoos, museums and fire and police stations.After preschool, most American children attend kindergarten in public schools.Most children start kindergarten at about age five.Many American kindergartens now require skills taught in early education programs.So children who have not attended a preschool program may not be ready for kindergarten.Many families, however, lack enough money to send their children to private nursery schools or preschools.Such schools may cost several thousand dollars a year, as much as a public university.To help poor families, the government operates an education program for young children called Head Start.Studies have shown that many children from poor families do not do well in school.Studies also have shown that children in Head Start programs perform equally well or better than other children when they start school.But the government currently is providing Head Start with enough money to serve only about sixty percent of the children who need this program.Educators have expressed concern that some early childhood education programs are not good enough.The United States has about eighty-thousand preschools, nursery schools and daycare centers.The National Association for the Education of Young Children studies these schools.The association says it has approved only about ten percent of the preschools in the country.Experts say American children need more and better preschool education.21.In preschools.young children can learn about the world around them by.A.visiting various places

B.singing songs and playing games

C.identifying common objects and letters

D.cooperating with teachers and partners 22.The annual fee for preschool education is that of a public university.A.higher than

B.unequal to

C.lower than

D.equal to 23.Head Start aims to.A.study the benefits of preschool education in America

B.help children from poor families get ready for school

C.provide funds to help poor families through hard time

D.monitor how the movement spends money on education 24.Money provided by the government for Head Start programs is.A.more than enough

B.quite inadequate

C.just sufficient

D.almost enough 25.According to the association.most American preschools.A.have got official approval

B.enjoy good reputation

C.are not well qualified

D.have financial difficulties

Passage Two

Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.One of the chief causes of fatigue(疲倦)is boredom.To illustrate this point, let's take the case of Alice, a corporate employee who lives on your street.Alice came home one night completely exhausted.She acted fatigued.She was fatigued.She had a headache.She had a backache.She was so exhausted that she wanted to go to bed without waiting for dinner.Persuaded by her mother.she sat down at the table.The telephone rang.The boyfriend!An invitation to a dance!Her eyes sparkled.Her spirits soared.She rushed upstairs, put on her Alice-blue gown,dashed out and danced until three o'clock in the morning;and when she finally did get home, she was not the slightest bit exhausted.She was,in fact,so excited that she couldn't fall asleep.Was Alice really and honestly tired eight hours earlier.when she looked and acted exhausted? Sure,she was.She was exhausted because she was bored with her work, perhaps bored with life.There are millions of Alices.You may be one of them.It is a well-known fact that your emotional attitude usually has far more to do with producing fatigue than has physical exertion.A few years ago, Joseph E.Barmack, Ph.D., published in the Archives of Psychology a report of some of his experiments, showing how boredom produces fatigue.Dr.Barmack put a group of students through a series of tests in which, he knew, they could have little interest.The result? The students felt tired and sleepy,complained of headaches and eyestrain, felt irritable.In some cases,even their stomachs were upset.Was it all “imagination”? No.Metabolism(新陈代谢)tests were taken of these students.These tests showed that the blood pressure of the body and the consumption of oxygen actually decrease when people are bored,and that the whole metabolism picks up immediately as soon as they begin to feel interest and pleasure in their work!

26.When she came back from dancing, Alice felt.A.very hungry

B.a bit sleepy

C.much tired

D.sleepless 27.The word “them” in Line 4, Para.2 refers to.A.people exhausted from boredom

B.women with the same name as Alice

C.corporate employees enjoying dancing

D.people crazy about interesting night life 28.The major reason for Alice's exhaustion is that.A.she lost her appetite for dinner

B.she was tired of her work or her life

C.she danced too long time with friends

D.she had a bad headache and a backache 29.When person begins to enjoy his work __,A.his blood pressure goes down

B.his metabolism improves rapidly

C.his oxygen consumption decreases

D.his stomach sometimes gets upset 8 30.Dr.Barmack explained the result of the tests on the basis of___.A.medical examinations

B.personal observation

C.logical reasoning

D.common knowledge

Passage Three

Questions 3lto 35 are based on the following passage.There will be a major shift in the age distribution in the American workforce.As the baby boomers(born between 1946 and 1963)begin to hit retirement age, they will be replaced by the so-called“generation Y”or“Millennial Generation.”who number almost 80 million.And the qualified workers of this generation are soon going to be desperately needed, leaving businesses no choice but to figure out how to attract and keep them.People often say that members of the “Millennial Generation”can’t take care of themselves and are going to bring the world down with them.Some people might think Millennials are spoiled internet addicts(上瘾者)who feel a strong sense of entitlement and aren’t willing to work hard for the great rewards they expect.In reality Millennials are the first generation of “digital natives,”that is,they have never known a world without digital technology.As a result Millennials experience the world through technology,as older generations experience the world through their organic senses.This intimacy(亲密接触)with the digital world is one of the Millennials’greatest strengths.It also presents the greatest challenge to those companies that need highly qualified applicants.Managers need to determine ways to use their strengths and work with their weaknesses with business goals in mind.The key to attracting and managing Millennials is to create an experience of the company that matches their technological experience of the world.It’s about finding a balance between youthful enthusinasm,cooperative spirit, and the realities of the business world.The business world is experiencing a continued breakdown of the authoritarian management style that in some ways still remains as legacy(遗留做法)from the early 20th century.Managers are going to have to be patient and flexible to a large extent because one thing is for sure, nothing makes Millennials unhappier than doing tasks with traditional methods that can be done better and more efficiently with the right technology or more sophisticated methods.They need to be given the opportunity to use the technologies they are familiar with to cooperate with each other and do business.The best candidates are going to be attracted to companies that are willing to give employees what they need and want.31.American businesses will be in great need of qualified workers of the“Millennial Generation” because.A.the baby boomers in the workforce are close to retirement

B.this generation accounts for the biggest part of the workforce

C.businesses want to change the age distribution in the workforce

D.businesses prefer young workforce to speed up their development 32.People have formed a impression of the Millennial Generation.A.true

B.vague

C.favorable

D.negative 33.Compared with previous generations, Millennials.A.use more of their organic senses

B.show a poor sense of entitlement

C.rely more on information technology

D.challenge the goals of the businesses 34.To attract and manage Millennials, a business manager should.A.require them to do their tasks with traditional methods

B.force them to work with modem scientific technologies

C.balance their passion, teamwork spirit and business realities

D.combine sophisticated methods with flexible working approaches 35.The main idea of the passage could be best summarized as.A.business managers should take up the challenges from Millennials

B.business managers should be flexible about their management style

C.managers maintain a relatively objective attitude toward Millennials

D.Millennials can use their technological advantage to attract companies

Part Two(50 points)

IV.Word Spelling(10 points,1 point for two words)

36事件;事故n.a

37.分界线,边界n.b________

38捕获:占领v.c

39.美味的;使人愉悦的a.d________

40.必要的;本质的a.e 41.公式;程式n.f________

42.致意,欢迎v.g

43.阻止;妨碍v.h________

44.增加,增长v.i

45.同盟,协会n.l________

46.较小的;少数的a, m

47.自然的;天然的a.n________

48.反抗;对立n.o

49.察觉;认识到v.p________

50.懊悔,遗憾v.r

51.表面,外表n.s________

52.温度计n.t

53.向上,往上ad.u________

54受害者,牺牲品n.v

55.侍者,服务员n.w________ V.Word Form(10 points,l point each)

56.The study of black holes is just beginning.Speculations about them are(end)

57.Christmas is(tradition)a holiday for a family to get together.58.The client must(sure)that accurate records are kept.59.Since no better plan had been put forward,we had to adopt a basically(work)one.60.There are millions of solar systems in space, and ours is

(probable)one of the smallest.61.The accused admitted that he had sold the

(steal)goods.62.The store will be moved to somewhere in my

(neighbor)next month.63.Upon their

(arrive),they immediately set about drawing up a plan.64.The good news is that our host is said to be kind and

(help).65.The young girl moved to Paris last spring, but she missed her parents too much to enjoy the

(excite)life there.VI.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points,3 points each)66.很明显你需要更多的英语口语练习。67.那个项目的完成时间比我们预想的早得多 68.她坚持这项工作由一个有经验的工作来做 69.北京奥运会开幕式展示了丰富多彩的中国文化。70.你说的与我们在实验中所发现的大相径庭。

VII.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)

Every profession or trade,every art , and every science has its technical vocabulary.Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies.In the trades and handcrafts, and other vocations(行业),like farming and fishery, that have occupied great numbers of men from remote time,the technical vocabulary is very old.It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very quality of our language.Hence, though highly technical in many particulars,these vocabularies are more familiar in sound ,and more generally understood, than most other technical terms,The special dialects of law, medicine, and philosophy have also become pretty familiar to cultivated persons and have enriched the popular vocabulary.答案 36.accident 37.boundary 38.capture 39.delicious 40.essential 41.formula42.greet 43.hinder 44.increase 45.league 46.minor 47.natural 48.opposition 49.perceive 50.regret 51.surface 52.thermometer 53.upwards 54.victim 55.waiter 56.答案:endless 57.答案:traditionally 58.答案:ensure 59.答案:workable 60.答案:probably 61.答案:stolen 62.答案:neighborhood 63.答案:arrival 64.答案:helpful 65.答案:exciting

66.很明显你需要更多的英语口语练习。

It's obvious that you need more oral English practice.67.那个项目的完成时间比我们预想的早得多

The project was finished much earlier than we have expected.68.她坚持这项工作由一个有经验的工作来做

She insists that the work will/should be done by an experienced worker.69.北京奥运会开幕式展示了丰富多彩的中国文化。

The opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics showed colorful Chinese culture.70.你说的与我们在实验中所发现的大相径庭。

What you said is quite different from what we discovered in the experiment.16 VII.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)

Every profession or trade,every art , and every science has its technical vocabulary.Different occupations, however, differ widely in the character of their special vocabularies.In the trades and handcrafts, and other vocations(行业),like farming and fishery, that have occupied great numbers of men from remote time,the technical vocabulary is very old.It consists largely of native words, or of borrowed words that have worked themselves into the very quality of our language.Hence, though highly technical in many particulars,these vocabularies are more familiar in sound ,and more generally understood, than most other technical terms,The special dialects of law, medicine, and philosophy have also become pretty familiar to cultivated persons and have enriched the popular vocabulary.译文:每种职业或行业,每门艺术,以及每个学科都有自己的专门用语。不过,不同行业专门用语的特征却大相径庭。商业、手工业以及农业和渔业,自古以来占用了大量的人力;这些行业的专门用语非常古老,主要是由本族词汇或已融入我们语言特征的外来词汇构成。这类用语虽然在许多细节上有很强的专门性,但与其它许多专门术语相比,它们的发音更为熟悉,也更为大多数人所理解。同样,法律、医学和哲学的专门用语对于受过教育的人来说非常熟悉,也大大丰富了日常词汇。

第二篇:2011年4月高等教育自学考试英语二真题及答案

2011年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试

英语

(二)试卷(课程代码00015)

ⅠVocabulary and Structure(10points 1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。1.You may use bike________ you give it back to me tomorrow morning.A.unless B.provided C.though

D.because 2.He could not ________his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the university A.hold up B.hold back C.get over D.get through 3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth ______their children A.on

B.for

C.with

D.to 4.The teacher required that all errors should be _______eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.A.deported B.eliminated C.deprived D.implemented 5.A person is lucky if his career ________with his interest and hobby.A.concerns B.competes C.coinciders D.compares 6.Out sleep influences our mood.our mood, ________,affects our performance.A.in return B.in vain C.in short D.in turn 7.It was ________of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.A.considerate B.considering C.considerable D.considered 8.I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some ________on my recent article at the conference.A.requests B.references C.remarks D.restrictions 9.He is ______absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.A.so

B.each

C.very

D.much 10.No sooner(选C)had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.A.did I reach

B.I had reached D.I reached C.had I reached

Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10point,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白,每个空白有四个选项,根据上下文要求选出最佳答案。并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

It is difficult to escape the influence of television.If you fit the statistical messages, by the age of 20 you will have been esposed___11___at least 20,000 hours of television.You can add 10,000 hours for each decade you have lived ___12___the age of 20.The only things Americans do more than them watch the television are work an sleep.Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those ____13____.Five thousand, I am sold, are what a typical college undergraduate____14____working in a bachelor’s degree.In 10,000 hours you corded have learned several lauguages fluently, you could be reading Shakespeare in the ____15____,and you could have walked around the world the world and ____16____a book about these hours.The trouble with television is____17____it discourages concentrations.Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life____18____some constructive effort.The dultest , the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem remarkable to those____19____never concertrate on anything.But television encourages us not to make any___20___.It makes the time pass without gain.11.A.to

12.A.at B.under B.from

C.for

C.after

C.years

D.at D.before D.things D.uses D.original D.writing D.why D.requires D.who 13.A.decades B.hours

14.A.spends B.casts C.takes 15.A.origin B.beginning C.source 16.A.written B.write 17.A.what B.that

18.A.requests B.asks

19.A.what B.whose

C.wrote C.which C.orders C.which

20.A.money B.time

C.effort D.skill

Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30point,2points each)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案,并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。

Passage one Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Michael Stadtlander set Toronto’s restarant world on fire in the 1980s with his original food, and eastablished a national and international fame.In 1994,however,he decided to leave the city restaurant scene and seek a quiet life in the country, where he has been preparing meals on his farm two hours borth of Toronto and asks guests to bring their own wine.Not long ago, Stadlander was charged with selling liquer without a licence, He said when a guest asked for wine at a dinner in December, he provided two bottles from his private stock.But the customer turned out to be an undercover Ontario Provincial Police(OPP)officer who returned a few days later along with four armed officers to seize 83 bottles of wine,and to search the farmhouse for records.The punishment could run as high as $100,000 in fines and a year in jail.When Mr and Mrs Smisth arrived at the farm on a weekend befre Christmas, they said that it was their annual celebrstion and asked if they could get some wine.Nobuyo,Stadtlander’s wife,told them the policy was thar guests peovide their own..Given the occasion, though, Stadtlander agreed to provide a bottle of white wiee from own cellar,at cost,as a favor, Later, Mr Smith asked for a second bottle and a detailed receipt that included the price of thr wine.He turned out to be OPP Detective Paul Smith and “his wife,”an assistant who went as a witness.“I was shocked,”Nobuyo Stadtlander recalls.”How could thy do this to us when we did them a favor?We sold them our wine at our cost.”.But Mr.Smith say,” No.they made $20.”

Stadtlander is determined to prove his innocence and continue the business.“People who live in the area have been very supportive,” he says.”And when this is over,I want my wine back.”

21.Stadtlander was accused because________.A.be offered too much wine for a guest B.be asked guests to bring their own wine C.be charged too much for the wine offered D.be sold wise to his guests without a license 22.In the 1980s,Stadtlander________.A.threw his original restaurant menu into the fine B.made his restaurant well-known around the world C.sought for a quiet life in the central part of the city D.opened one resyaurant after another home and abroad.23.IT turned out that Mr.and Mrs.Smith were________.A.two farmers B.two witnesecs C.hasbend and wife D.police officers 24.Nobuy Studtlander claimed that in the wine case they made________.A.$1.20 B.no money C.$100,000 D.a lot of money 25.Which of the following could be used as evidence against Stadtlander? A.What Stadtlander’s wife said B.The second bottle of wine C.The records from the farmhouse.D.A receipt with the wine price.Passage Two Questions26 to 30 are based on the following passage.A recent study shows that sixteen out of every 100 American couoles have violent confrontations of one sort or another during the course of a year.In six of these cases there is severe kicking, biting, punching or hitting with objects.Almost four of every 100 wives are seriously beaten by their husbands.three of every 100 children are kicked or punched by their parents.More than a third of all brothers and sisters severely attack each other.As expected, the incidence of violence is highest among the urban poor(many of them minoroties).blue-collar workers, people under 20 or without religious beliefs, families with a husband who is jobless and those with four to six children.But the study also showed that violence occurs among wealthy families as well.Indeed, the wife of a university president once quietly called Straus, one of the sociologists who conducted the study, to ask what she could do about her husband, who often beat her.Straus suggested seeking assistance from marriage advisors.Steaus and his colleagues found out that there are various root causes that give rise to such behavior.“The reason are mixed –psychological, sociological, situational,” says Straus.“The husband, for example, may feel under particular stress because be has been out of work too long.Violence may also be an echo of the past,” Straus explains.“When Mummy gives her two-year-old a slap(巴掌)for putting something dirty in his mouth, he is learning from infancy that those who love you hit you.” Another reason may be the worsening economic situations.“If we have a real economos decline, It’s going to get worse,” economic situations.“If we have a real economic declines,it’s going to get worse,” says Gelles, one of Straus” colleagues.These sociologists have no easy answer to violence in the American family.While they welcome such move as the opening of shelters for beaten wives and the establishment of a National Center for Child Abuse and Neglect, they belive that there must be more basic attack on vilolence,including the reduction of “macho”(大男子主义)themes on the television,the outlawing of physical punishment in schools and perhaps even the wlimination of death senernces.As Straus explains,“Volence is an acceptable solution to problems in American society,And that is how it is used in families.26.Which of the following statements is true? A.More than a third of brothers attack sisters in American families.B.Almost four percent of husbands are seriously beaten by their wives.C.Six out of one hundred couples experience severe domestic violence.D.Six percent of American couples have some kind of domestic violence.27.The example concerning a university president’s wife shows that_________ A.domestic violence is found in well-to do families as well B.the incidence of violence is highest among urban families C.marriage advisons’ assistance is the best solution to violence D.domestic vilence exists regardless of age, race,and social status.28.What Gelles says shows that________.A.vilence is responsible for the decline of economy B.violence may be a reflection of one’s past experience C.violence is related to the economic situation of the time D.violence is the best form of emotional release for a husband 29.The word “outlawing” in line5 of the last paragraph means________.A.making something illegal B.freeing someone from prison C.learning something from law D.throwing someone out of court 30.According to the sociologists, it is impossible to curb domestic violence unless________.A.more shelters for beateb wives are opened B.children are protected by a National Center C.violence is not accepted as a solution to problems D.Americans get tougher with violent behaviors

Passage Three Qestions 31to35are based on the following passage.American scientists are developing an “intelligent” mabile phone capable of blocking incoming calls depending on the owner’s mood., Using “context aware”

Technology the “Sensay” phone will monitor calls and send back polite messages saying the user may be contacted later.A research team at the Institute for Complex Engineering Systems at Carragie Mellon University in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, are developing body temperature and electrical skin monitors to help the device understand the emotional state of its user.If the phone senses that the user is busy —for instance, involved in a conversation—it might block an incoming call and turn it onto voicemail.The phone would send back a text message saying the user is unavailable, but advising that id the matter is urgent the caller can try again in three minutes.If a call from the same person came in again, the phone would put it through.The researchers are interested in four basic different states—busy and not to be interrupted, physically active, idle,and “normal.” Most people are said to change between these states,an average of 6 to 12 times a day.Professor Asim Smailagic, a leading member of the Carnegic Mellon team, told The Engineer magazine.”Today’s computers are pretty dumb compared with the device.We got to work at the beginning of May and since then have been improving it.The next stage is to make it smarter, adding various intellingence systems so it can learn about the user.The phone also employs four primary sensons—two microphones to pick up conversations and monitor local noise.a light detector and an acceleromster(加速度计).The light sensor shows if the phone is being carried in a bag or pocket ,while the accelerometer determines whether the user is walking,running or standing still, In the sensor box, phone is being carried in a bag or pocket, while the accelerometer determites whether the user is walking,running or standing still,In the future,the sensor box,phone and personal organizer will be combined into one device.”

31.According to the passage, the “Sensay” phone is capable of ________.A.showing body temperature B.blocking unwanted calls C.detecting the owner’s mood D.sensing the caller’s mood 32.The second paragraph mainly tells us ________.A.where the intelligent phone is developed B.how the new phone is going to function C.whether the researchers failed in their experiment D.why the researchers failed in their experiment 33.Accorfing to Professor Smailagic, the detector will show________.A.where the mobile phone is B.where the mobile phone user is C.whether the mobile phone user is busy D.whether the mobile phone is within reach 34.the word “it” in line 5 of paragraph 4 refers to________.A.the phone B.the monitor C.the computer D.the light sensor 35.The best title for this passage is ________.A.How to Tell a Person’s Mood B.How to Block Incoming Calls C.Sensay Your Personal Organizer D.Sensay The Futuer Mobile Phone

Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10points for two words)将下列汉语单词译成英语,每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出,请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36.乐意地,容易地adv.r________ 37.前景n.p________ 38.永恒的,不断的a.________ 39.有益的,有好处的a.b________ 40.进口n.i________ 41.预报n.f________ 42.元素,成分n.e________ 43.缩短,减少n.s________ 44.诚实n.h________ 45.有规律的a.r________ 46.改变,使不同v.v________ 47.坦率地adv.F________ 48.减轻,救济n.r________ 49.和谐,融洽n.h________ 50.赔偿v.c________ 51.有效率的a.________ 52.真诚的a.s________ 53.建设v.e________ 54.市长n.m________ 55.好奇心n.e________

Ⅴ.Word Form(10point each)将括号内的各词变为适当的形式填入空白,答案写在答题纸上。

56.It will be interesting to see what’s going to happen at the next________(elect).57.For those involved, the scandal has been a very________(pain)experience.58.________(safe)needs to be improved on the railways in that country.59.The present crisis bears some ________(similar)to the oil erisis of the 1970s.60.His mother becomes disappointed whenever he fails to live up to her________(expect).61.Being a ________(high)motivated lauguage learner, he takes every opportunity to improve his English.62.Our most ________(success)product is based on a very simple idea.63.local people are questioning the ________(wise)of spending so much money on the new road.64.Don’t worry.This is the ________(desire)weight range for you health.65.This scientist was awarded with several titles for his________(accomplish)in biology.Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English(15points,3points each)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66.尽管有困难,他们最终还是把工作完成了。67.这次会议在促进两国友谊方面起了重要作用。

68.他长久以来梦想着称为一名足球运动员。

69.在过去的二十年中,用于科学实验的动物数量大大减少了。70.这次英语考试比我们预想的要容易得多。

Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(15points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。

Shy people are likely to be passive and easily influenced by other.They are very sensitive t criticism.They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of them.A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this:“You’re saying that to make me feel good.I know it’s not me.”It is clear that, while self-awareness is a good quality.overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely gotten rid of ,or at least reduced? Fortunately ,people can overcome shyness with determined and patient effort in building self-confidence.参考答案:

ⅠVocabulary and Structure 1.You may use bike(选B)provided you give it back to me tomorrow morning 2.He could not(选B)hold back his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the university 3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth(选C)with their children 4.The teacher required that all errors should be(选B)eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.5.A person is lucky if his career(选C)coincides with his interest and hobby.6.Out sleep influences our mood.our mood,(选A)in return, affects our performance.7.It was(选A)considerate of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.8.I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some(选C)remarks on my recent article at the conference.9.He is(选A)so absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.10.No sooner(选C)had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10point,1 point each)文章开头第一句话:it is difficult to escape the influence of television.If you fit the statistical averages 11.选 A to 12.C after 13.B hours 14.A spends 15.D original 16.A written 17.B that 18.D requires 19.D who 20.C effort Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30point,2points each)第一篇,文章开头第一句话:Michael Stadtlander set Toronto’s restaurant world on fire in the 1980s with original food, 21.Stadtlander was accused because 选D.he sold wine to his guests without a license 22.In the 1980s,stadtlander选B.made his restaurant menu into the fire 23.It turned out that Mr.and Mrs.Smith were 选D.police officers 24.Nobuyo Stadtlander claimed that in the wine case they made选B.no money 25.Which of the following could be used as evidence against Stadtlander?选D.A receipt with the wine price 第二篇,文章开头第一句话:A recent study shows that sixteen out of every 100 American couples have violent confrontations of one sort or another during the 26.Which of the following statements is true?选C.Six out of one hundred couples experience severe domestic violence

27.The example concerning a university president’s wife shows that选A.domestic violence is found in well-to-do families as well 28.What Gelles says shows that选C.violence is related to the economic situation of the time 29.The word “outlawing” in line 5 of the last paragraph means选A.making something illegal 30.According to the sociologists, it is impossible to curb domestic violence unless选C.violence is not accepted as a solution to probblems 第三篇,文章开头第一句话:American scientists are developing an “intelligent” mobile phone capable of blocking calls depending on the owner mood 31.According to the passage, the “Sensay” phone is capable of选C.„the owner’s mood 32.Second paragraph mainly tells us选B.„the new phone is going to function QQ 1031010648 33.According to professor Smailagic ,the light detector will show选A.where the mobile phone is.34.The word “it” in line 5 of paragraph 4 refers to选A.the phone 35.The best title for this passage is选D.Sensay: The Future Mobile phone Ⅳ.Word Spelling(10points for two words)36乐意地readily 37前景prospect 38永恒的constant 39有益的beneficial 40进口import 41预报forecast 42元素element 44诚实honesty 46改变vary 48减轻relief 50倒塌collapse 52真诚的sincere 54市长mayor

Ⅴ.Word Form(10point each)56 election 57 painful 58 safety 61 highly 62 successful 63 wisdom

similarities

desired

expectation

accomplishment

43缩短,减少shorten 45有规律的regular 47坦率的frankly 49和谐harmony 51有效率的efficient 53建设construct 55好奇心的curiosity

Ⅵ.Translation from Chinese into English(15points,3points each)66尽管有困难,他们始终还是把工作完成了。They finally finished the job in spite of the difficulty.67这次会议在促进两国友谊方面起了重要作用。This conference plays an important role in pormoting the relationship between the two countries.68他长久以来梦想着成为一名足球运动员。He has been dreaming of being a football player.69在过去的20年中,用于科学实验的动物数量大大减少了。In the past twentieth century, the number of animals for experiment greatly reduced.70这次英语考试比我们预想的要容易得多。The English test was much easier than we had expected.Ⅶ.Translation from English into Chinese(15points)腼腆的人很容易被动且易受别人影响,他们对于批评很敏感,他们也发现表扬很难令他们高兴,因为他们认为他们不值得表扬。一个腼腆的人对于赞扬可能会这样去回答:“你那样说是为了使我高兴,我知道我并不是真的值得表扬。”很明显,自知之明是一种好品质,但自谦过度也不好。能否完全克服腼腆,或至少让自己不那么腼腆,幸运的是人们能够通过努力耐心地建立自信来克服腼腆。

第三篇:英语三级考试真题及答案

2006年4月英语三级考试真题及答案

Part I Reading Comprehension(30%)

Directions: There are three passages in this part.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1

Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:

In the United States elementary education begins at the age of six.At this stage nearly ail the teachers are women, mostly married.(76)The atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the children happy and interested.The old authoritarian(要绝对服从的)methods of education were discredited(不被认可)rather a long time ago-so much so that many people now think that they have gone too far in the direction of trying to make children happy and interested rather than giving them actual instruction.The social education of young children tries to make them accept the idea that human beings in a society need to work together for their common good.So the emphasis is on co-operation rather than competition throughout most of this process.This may seem curious, in view of the fact that American society is highly competitive;however, the need for making people sociable in this sense has come to be regarded as one of the functions of education.Most Americans do grow up with competitive ideas, and obviously quite a few as criminals, but it is not fair to say that the educational system fails.It probably does succeed in making most people sociable and ready to help one another both in material ways and through kindness and friendliness.1.According to the passage, the U.S.elementary education is supposed to make children__________.A.sensible and sensitive B.competitive and interested

C.curious and friendly D.happy and co-operative

2.Some Americans complain about elementary schools because they think__________.A.children are reluctant to help each other

B.schools lay too much emphasis on co-operation

C.children should grow up with competitive ideas

D.schools give little actual instruction to children

3.The author's attitude towards American education can be best described as__________.A.favorable B.negative

C.tolerant D.unfriendly

4.The American educational system emphasizes__________.A.material wealth B.competition

C.co-operation D.personal benefit

5.The word “sociable”(Line 8, Paragraph 2)most probably means__________.A.fond of talking freely

B.friendly with other people

C.concerned about social welfare

D.happy at school

Passage 2

Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:

Nonverbal(非语言的)communication has to do with gestures, movements and closeness of two people when they are talking.(77)The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry.For example, the body distance between two speakers can be important.North Americans often complain that South Americans are unfriendly because they tend to stand close to the North American when speaking, while the South American often considers the NorthAmerican to be “cold” or “distant” because he keeps a greater distance between himself and the person he is speaking to.The “eye contact” provides another example of what we are calling nonverbal communication.Scientists have observed that there is more eye contact between people who like each other than there is between people who don't like each other.(78)The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the amount of interest he has in the things you are talking about.On the other hand, too long a gaze can make people uncomfortable.The eyes apparently play a great part in nonverbal communication.Genuine warmth or interest, shyness or confidence can often be seen in the eyes.We do not always consider a smile to be a sign of friendliness.Someone who is always smiling, and with little apparent reasons, often makes us uneasy.6.According to the passage, nonverbal communication__________.A.is a method often used by people who cannot speak

B.can tell something that words cannot

C.can be used to talk with people who cannot bear

D.is less used than words

7.The South American__________.A.tends to keep a distance between himself and the person he is speaking to

B.usually stands close to the person he is talking to

C.is often unfriendly when spoken to

D.is often cold and distant when speaking

8.Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Less eye contact suggests distance in relation.B.The longer one looks at you, the more interest he has in you.C.There is more eye contact between people who like each other.D.Shorter eye contact shows more interest in what one is talking about

9.Too long a gaze__________.A.may upset people being looked at

B.shows one's great confidence

C.indicates one's interest in the talk

D.tells you how friendly one is

10.Constant smiling without apparent reason__________.A.is a sign of one's friendliness

B.is a sign of one's unfriendliness

C.makes people feel happy

D.makes people feel uncomfortable Passage 3

Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:

Television has opened windows in everybody's life.Young men will never again go to war as they did in 1914.Millions of people now have seen the effects of a battle.And the result has been a general dislike of war, and perhaps more interest in helping those who suffer from all the terrible things that have been shown on the sc-Teen.Television has also changed politics.The most distant areas can now follow state affairs, see and hear the politicians before an election.Better informed, people are more likely to vote, and so to make their opinion count.Unfortunately, television's influence has been extremely harnfful to the young.(79)Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world;that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless.They believe that the violence they see is normal and acceptable.All educators agree that the “television generations” are more violent than their parents and grandparents.Also, the young are less patient.(80)Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and interesting, they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures;to read a book that requires thinking;to listen to a teacher who doesn't do funny things like the people on children's programs.And they expect all problems to be solved happily in ten, fifteen, or thirty minutes.That's the time it takes on the screen.11.In the past, many young people__________.A.knew the effects of war

B.went in for politics

C.liked to save the wounded in wars

D.were willing to be soldiers

12.Now with TV people can__________.A.discus politics at an information center

B.show more interest in politics

C.make theft own decisions on political affairs

D.express their opinions freely

13.The author thinks that TV advertisements__________.A.are not reliable on the whole

B.are useless to people

C.are a good guide to adults

D.are very harmful to the young

14.Which is NOT true according to the passage?

A.People have become used to crimes now.B.With a TV set some problems can be solved quickly.C.People now like to read books with pictures.D.The adults are less violent than the young.15.From the passage, we can conclude that__________.A.children should keep away from TV

B.TV programs should be improved

C.children's books should have pictures

D.TV has a deep influence on the young

Part II Vocabulary and Structure(30%)

Directions: In this part there are 30 incomplete sentences.For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16.It was while she was sleeping in her bedroom __________ a thief broke into the house.A.which B.that

C.where D.than

17.In learning English we should not ____our students of their mistakes all the time.A.remind B.remember

C.remain D.remark

18.These three teachers vary __________ their manner of teaching.A.between B.from

C.with D.in

19.Who can it be? I'm quite __________ a loss to guess.A.of B.on

C.in D.at

20.The monitor __________ the examination papers to the class for his teacher.A.delivered B.distributed

C.reported D.presented

21.Have you any __________ that you were not there at 9 o'clock last night?

A.statement B.cause

C.words D.proof

22.The children looked up as the planes passed __________.A.overall B.overhead

C.outward D.forward

23.Charles Dickens __________ many wonderful characters in his novels.A.invented B.discovered

C.uncovered D.created

24.Many young people find it harder to appreciate __________ music than pop music.A.simple B.light

C.ancient D.classical

25.If the wounded soldier had been given first __________, he would not have died.A.help B.aid

C.care D.attention

26.Since he left the university, he __________ in an accounting company.A.has been working B.had worked

C.had been working D.was working

27.The weather in China is different from__________.A.America B.in America

C.that in America D.one in America

28.It was not until dawn __________ their way out of the forest.A.when they found B.that they found

C.did they find D.that they didn't lind

29.__________ he says or does won't make me change my mind at all.A.Whatever B.However

C.Which D.How

30.We all believe that it'd be hard for him to __________ extra responsibilities now.A.take apart B.take up

C.take on D.take back

31.He was very rude to the customs officer, ____ of course made things even worse.A.who B.whom

C.what D.which

32.The goods __________ when we arrived at the airport.A.were just unloading B.were just been unloading

C.had just unloaded D.were just being unloaded

33.All things__________, the planned trip had to be called off.A.considered B.be considered

C.considering D.having considered

34.__________ purpose did you say their team would beat ours?

A.For which B.What

C.For what D.Which

35.Since there isn't much time left, you can just tell us about it__________.A.in detail B.in short

C.in all D.in brief

36.People appreciate __________ with him because he has a good sense of humor.A.to work B.working

C.to have worked D.have working

37.The little village hasn't changed much _______ a new road and two more stores.A.except B.besides

C.except that D.except for

38.Let's start working on the project,__________?

A.shall we B.will we

C.don't we D.aren't we

39.I don't think it appropriate to __________ such an issue at the meeting.A.bring in B.bring off

C.bring up D.bring about

40.In fact, I would rather have left for the countryside __________ at home.A.by staying B.than staying

C.than to stay D.than have stayed

41.__________a teacher, one must first be a pupil.A.Being B.Having been

C.To be D.To have been

42.__________, a form must be filled in.A.If you want to get this job B.In order to get this job

C.Making request for this job D.To ask for this job

43.__________ in a company, Miss Li will become a famous pop singer.A.It is an employee that B.She was an employee

C.An employee before D.Once an employee

44.He asked her to go to a concert with him but she _his invitation ______ politely.A.turned;down B.turned;out

C.turned;away D.turned;up

45.__________ Japanese, she has to study another foreign language.A.Except B.Except for

C.In addition to D.Beside Part V Translation(20%)

Section A

Directions: In this part there are five sentences which you should translate into Chinese.These sentences are all taken from the 3 passages you have just read in the part of Reading Comprehension.You can refer back to the passages so as to identify their meanings in the context.76.The atmosphere is usually very friendly, and the teachers have now accepted the idea that the important thing is to make the children happy and interested.77.The scientists say that those gestures, movements and so on have meaning which words do not carry.78.The length of time that the person whom you are speaking to looks at your eyes indicates the mount of interest he has in the things you are talking about.79.Children do not have enough experience to realize that TV shows present an unreal world;that TV advertisements lie to sell products that are sometimes bad or useless.80.Used to TV shows, where everything is quick and interesting, they do not have the patience to read an article without pictures;to read a book that requires thinking;to listen to a teacher who doesn't do funny things like the people on children's programs.Section B

Directions: In this part there are five sentences in Chinese.You should translate them into English.Be sure to write clearly.81.同意这项建议的请举手。

82.无论多忙,你都应该抽时间看望父母。

83.每次访问他们都会发现这个城市呈现出新的面貌。

84.他起得很早为的是赶上第一班公共汽车。

85.直到昨天晚上他才改变了他的主意。

2006年4月真题答案(B卷)

Part I Reading Comprehension

1-5 DDACB 6-10 BBDAD 11-15 DBDBD

Part Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure B 17 A 18 D 19 D 20 B 21 D 22 B 23 D 24 D 25 B 26 A 27 C 28 B 29 A 30 C 31 D 32 D 33 A 34 C 35 D 36 B 37 D 38 A 39 C 40 D 41 C 42 A 43 D 44 A 45 C

Ⅲ Identification

C 47 C 48 C 49 C 50 A 51 B 52 C 53 A 54 B 55 A Part IV

56---60 AABAC 61--65 DCACC 66--70 CADBD 71--75 DAABD

Part V Translation

Section A 76, 气氛通常非常友好,老师们也接受了这个观念,即重要的是让学生们感到快乐和有兴趣。

77, 科学家们说,这些姿态、行为等,有着话语所不能承载的含义。

78, 从和你说话的人凝视你的时间长短就可以判断他对你们所讨论事情的感兴趣程度。

79, 孩子们没有足够的经验来判断电视呈现的现实其实是不真实的;电视广告为了卖产品而欺骗宣传,这是很糟糕并且无益的。80, 孩子们适应了电视节目,在那里面,一切都是迅速和有趣的,他们没有耐心读没有图片的文章,也没有耐心读需要自己思考的图书,也没有耐心聆听老师,因为老师不能像儿童节目里的人物一样做一些滑稽的事情.81, Please raise your hands whoever agree on this suggestion.82, No matter how busy you are, you should spend some time visiting your parents.83, Each time they visit this city, they can notice that it is taking on a new look.84, He got up early so as to catch the first bus.85, It was not until yesterday that he changed his mind.

第四篇:全国自学考试《大学语文》历年真题及答案汇总

全国自学考试《大学语文》历年真题及部分答案汇总

一、全国2009年1月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题―――――2

二、全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题―――――9

三、全国2009年7月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题―――――18

四、全国2009年10月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题――――-25

五、全国2010年1月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题―――――29

六、全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题―――――35

七、全国2010年7月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题―――――40

八、全国2010年10月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题――――-44

九、全国2011年1月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题―――――49

十、全国2011年1月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题―――――53

十一、全国2011年1月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题――――57

十二、全国2011年10月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题―――-65

十三、全国2012年1月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题――――69

一、全国2009年1月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.《秋水》中,“夏虫不可以语于冰”的喻意是()

A.人的认识受先天素质的限制 B.人的认识受后天教育的限制

C.人的认识受时间的限制 D.人的认识受空间的限制

2.贯穿《论毅力》全文的论证方法是()

A.演绎法 B.归纳法

C.类比法 D.对比法

3.《吃饭》中说:“弄饭给我们吃的人,决不是我们真正的主人翁。”这句话所揭示的社会现象的实质是()

A.名实不副,相互掩饰 B.主从错位,本末倒置

C.二元对立,执两用中 D.多元相济,和而不同

4.《冯谖客孟尝君》中,冯谖再三弹铗而歌的主要目的是()

A.我行我素,张扬个性 B.不平则鸣,不甘人后

C.照顾家庭,赡养母亲 D.探求知己,以展怀抱

5.《赵武灵王胡服骑射》所描述的中心事件是()

A.赵武灵王胡服骑射北略中山之地 B.赵武灵王招兵买马训练胡服骑射

C.赵武灵王与肥义谋划胡服骑射 D.赵武灵王就胡服骑射事说服公子成 6.下列文章中,虽然不加议论,但语句多含褒贬之意的是()

A.《西湖七月半》 B.《爱尔克的灯光》

C.《纪念傅雷》 D.《都江堰》

7.《秋夜》:“我打一个呵欠,点起一支纸烟,喷出烟来,对着灯默默地敬奠这些苍翠精致的英雄们。”这些“英雄”指的是()

A.枣树 B.小粉红花

C.小青虫 D.蜜蜂

8.《哭小弟》:“他虽然小,在昆明的冬天里,孩子们都怕生冻疮,都怕用冷水洗脸,他却一点不怕。”这里使用的人物描写方法是()

A.语言描写 B.心理描写

C.细节描写 D.肖像描写

9.《都江堰》全文分为四部分,第一部分的内容是()

A.写都江堰水流的壮观 B.写为民造福的李冰父子

C.写横江索桥与二王庙 D.将都江堰与长城作对比

10.我国文学史上第一部诗歌总集是()

A.《诗经》 B.《楚辞》

C.《乐府诗集》 D.《古诗十九首》

11.《湘夫人》中,通过描述举止动作来表现人物内心活动的诗句是()

A.嫋嫋兮秋风,洞庭波兮木叶下

B.鸟何萃兮蘋中? 罾何为兮木上

C.麋何食兮庭中? 蛟何为兮水裔

D.捐余袂兮江中,遗余褋兮醴浦

12.《秋兴八首》(其一)的主要情感内容是()

A.羁旅之苦 B.家国之思

C.前途之虑 D.老病之忧

13.《早雁》中,“仙掌月明”句所用的典故是()

A.汉武帝将陈皇后打入冷宫 B.汉武帝铸铜仙人承接甘露

C.唐玄宗时制作霓裳羽衣曲 D.唐玄宗遣道士寻觅杨玉环

14.《八声甘州》(对潇潇暮雨洒江天)描写心理活动的特点是()

A.先写自己,再写对方 B.先写对方,再写自己

C.由己及彼,由彼及己 D.话分两头,双管齐下

15.《摸鱼儿》(更能消几番风雨)中,警告谗害忠良之徒的词句是()

A.春且住 B.怨春不语

C.君莫舞 D.休去倚危栏

16.《雨巷》中,最富有象征意味的意象是()

A.雨巷 B.丁香姑娘

C.雨的哀曲 D.独自彷徨

17.《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》中象征古老中国沉重负载的是()

A.淤滩上的驳船 B.千百年来未落到地面的花朵

C.雪被下古莲的胚芽 D.挂着眼泪的笑涡

18.《我愿是一条急流》中,“急流”、“荒林”、“废墟”、“草棚”、“云朵”的形象显得荒芜、简陋、残缺,这是为了表达“我”的()

A.渺小 B.贫困

C.虔诚 D.谦逊

19.下列选项中,最能体现婴宁自然天性的是()

A.爱笑 B.痴憨

C.狡黠 D.阴险

20.《金鲤鱼的百裥裙》的整体构思特点是()

A.以近知远 B.以小见大

C.以古知今 D.以大见小

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)

在每小题列出的五个备选项中有二至五个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21.罗素认为,避免愚蠢见识的途径有()

A.坚持科学的认知方法 B.善于听取不同的意见

C.努力提高论辩的本领 D.克服狂妄自大的心态

E.树立认识有限的观念

22.下列文章中,使用对比手法以突出主题的有()

A.《秋夜》 B.《香市》

C.《纪念傅雷》 D.《都江堰》

E.《蚂蚁大战》

23.《陌上桑》中,运用铺陈手法加以描写的有()

A.采桑的器具 B.罗敷的服饰

C.观者的失态 D.使君的丑行

E.夫婿的高贵

24.下列《再别康桥》中的诗句,属于移情于景的有()

A.那河畔的金柳,是夕阳中的新娘 B.波光里的艳影,在我的心头荡漾

C.满载一船星辉,在星辉斑斓里放歌 D.夏虫也为我沉默,沉默是今晚的康桥

E.我挥一挥衣袖,不带走一片云彩

25.下列选项中,对《断魂枪》评述正确的有()

A.在近代中国,古老的传统文明遭遇西方现代文明的严峻挑战

B.沙子龙留恋断魂枪,是民族文化中保守痼疾的表现

C.沙子龙武艺高强,个性孤傲内向

D.沙子龙心甘情愿将镖局改成客栈

E.作者赞赏孙老者积极进取的心态

三、词语解释题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)

26.于是焉河伯始旋其面目

旋:

27.而皆背晋以归梁

背:

28.要其何以成,何以败

要:

29.孟尝君曰:“客何好?”

好:

30.骑皆伏曰:“如大王言。”

伏:

31.甚者爪其肤以验其生枯

爪其肤:

32.先时中山负齐之强兵,侵暴吾地

负:

33.孺人中夜觉寝

觉寝:

34.弱管轻丝,竹肉相发

竹肉:

35.每一念及,便泪下如绠

泪下如绠:

四、简析题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)

36.阅读《我的世界观》中的一段文字,回答问题:

要是没有志同道合者之间的亲切感情,要不是全神贯注于客观世界—那个在艺术和科学工作领域里永远达不到的对象,那末在我看来,生活就会是空虚的。

A.作者认为,怎样才能使生活不空虚? 6

B.写出文中体现“宇宙无限,人的认识有限”的语句。

C.解释其中的两个成语。

37.阅读《张中丞传后叙》中的一段文字,回答问题:

及城陷,贼缚巡等数十人坐,且将戮。巡起旋,其众见巡起,或起或泣。巡曰:“汝勿怖!死,命也。”众泣不能仰视。巡就戮时,颜色不乱,阳阳如平常。

A.这里表现出张巡怎样的性格特点?

B.文中运用了哪几种人物描写方法?

C.指出文中侧面烘托张巡形象的句子。

38.阅读《爱尔克的灯光》中的一段文字,回答问题:

我高兴地来,痛苦地去。汽车离站时我心里的确充满了留恋。但是清晨的微风,路上的尘土,马达的叫吼,车轮的滚动,和广大田野里一片盛开的菜子花,这一切驱散了我的离愁。我不顾同行者的劝告,把头伸到车窗外面,去呼吸广大天幕下的新鲜空气。我很高兴,自己又一次离开了狭小的家,走向广大的世界中去!

A.这里用了哪几种人物描写方法?

B.“但是清晨的微风„„”一句在文中起什么作用?

C.说明这段文字中“我”的感情。

39.阅读《鹧鸪天》(重过阊门万事非),回答问题:

重过阊门万事非,同来何事不同归?梧桐半死清霜后,头白鸳鸯失伴飞。原上草,露初晞,旧栖新垅两依依。空床卧听南窗雨,谁复挑灯夜补衣?

A.概括这首词的情感内容。

B.指出上片所用的比喻及其比喻意义。

C.下片运用了哪些抒情手法?

40.阅读《宝黛吵架》中的一段文字,回答问题:

那宝玉心中又想着:“我不管怎么样都好,只要你随意,我就立刻因你死了,也是情愿的;你知也罢,不知也罢,只由我的心,那才是你和我近,不和我远。”黛玉心里又想着:“你只管你就是了;你好,我自然好。你要把自己丢开,只管周旋我,是你不叫我近你,竟叫我远了。”看官,你道两个人原是一个心,如此看来,却都是多生了枝叶,将那求近之心,反弄成疏远之意了。

A.为什么说这段描写体现了宝黛爱情的深挚?

B.如何理解作者所言“将那求近之心,反弄成疏远之意了”?

C.这里运用了何种人物描写方法?

五、作文(30分)

41.以《独自面对》为题,写一篇不少于800字的文章。除诗歌外,文体不限。

二、全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.先秦诸子中,提出“民贵君轻”思想的是()

A.孔子

B.孟子

C.老子

D.庄子

2.《咬文嚼字》中用月轮的“晕外霞光”来说明文字的联想意义,这种论证方法是(A.演绎法

B.例证法

C.对比法

D.类比法

3.从《我的世界观》一文来看,爱因斯坦的“宗教感情”指的是()

A.对占用了同胞的过多劳动而难以忍受

B.承认有一个能够赏罚一切的上帝存在 C.对最深奥理性和最灿烂美的执著追求

D.相信肉体死亡之后灵魂还会继续活着

4.《垓下之围》中,表现项羽“身死东城,尚不觉悟,而不自责”的细节描写是(A.“虞兮虞兮”的慷慨悲歌

B.“天之亡我”的三次呼告

C.嗔目叱退汉将赤泉侯))

D.将宝马赠给乌江亭长

5.《张中丞传后叙》行文最显著的特色是紧密结合了()

A.议论与叙事

B.议论与抒情

C.抒情与描写

D.叙事与抒情

6.《种树郭橐驼传》中阐述种树的原理和方法时采用的主要表现方法是(A.象征

B.类比

C.对比

D.铺垫

7.下列《先妣事略》刻画母亲形象的语句中,属于侧面描写的是()

A.孺人不忧米盐,乃劳苦若不谋夕

B.室靡弃物,家无闲人

C.手中纫缀不辍

D.遇童奴有恩

8.《爱尔克的灯光》中,引发作者对人生道路进行思索的是()

A.故居照壁上“长宜子孙”四个字

B.爱尔克的灯光

C.姐姐的死讯

D.田野里的一线光、一个亮

9.下列作品中,属于散文诗的是()

A.《秋夜》

B.《我与地坛》)

C.《哭小弟》

D.《都江堰》

10.《纪念傅雷》深情地赞颂了傅雷的()

A.精于翻译

B.工于鉴赏

C.教子成功

D.性格刚直

11.《陌上桑》的情节和语言都体现出()

A.喜剧色彩

B.悲剧色彩

C.正剧色彩

D.闹剧色彩

12.《行路难》中,借举止抒情的诗句是()

A.欲渡黄河冰塞川,将登太行雪满山

B.停杯投箸不能食,拔剑四顾心茫然

C.闲来垂钓碧溪上,忽复乘舟梦日边

D.长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海

13.下列《长恨歌》诗句中,属于移情于景的是()

A.行宫见月伤心色,夜雨闻铃肠断声

B.春风桃李花开日,秋雨梧桐叶落时

C.西宫南内多秋草,落叶满阶红不扫

D.迟迟钟鼓初长夜,耿耿星河欲曙天

14.下列诗篇中,托物言志,表达忧国忧民心情的咏物之作是(A.《蒹葭》)

B.《陌上桑》

C.《秋兴八首》(其一)

D.《早雁》

15.用“雕栏玉砌”来指称南唐宫殿,这种修辞手法是()

A.借代

B.比喻

C.比拟

D.夸张

16.《声声慢》(寻寻觅觅)的主要抒情方法是()

A.直抒胸臆

B.借景抒情

C.借典故抒情

D.借比喻抒情

17.《再别康桥》诗意含蓄蕴藉的主要原因是()

A.章节整齐的建筑美

B.和谐流畅的音乐美

C.婉转优雅的语言美

D.情景交融的意象美

18.《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》四个层次的内容之间的关系是(A.逐层演进

B.相互对比

C.抑扬交错

D.对等并列

19.《宝黛吵架》中,说“不是冤家不聚头”的是())

A.袭人

B.宝玉

C.黛玉

D.贾母

20.《金鲤鱼的百裥裙》中最能突显主题的情节是金鲤鱼()

A.做了许老爷的姨太太

B.生了儿子却被大太太夺去

C.穿一次百裥裙梦想的破灭

D.始终未能将百裥裙的带子缝上去

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)

在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21.下列议论文,主要运用例证法说理的有()

A.《容忍与自由》

B.《咬文嚼字》

C.《吃饭》

D.《我的世界观》

E.《如何避免愚蠢的见识》

22.下列《马伶传》语句中属于场面描写的有()

A.梨园以技鸣者,无虑数十辈

B.迨半奏,引商刻羽,抗坠疾徐,并称善也

C.盖马伶耻出李伶下,已易衣遁矣

D.李伶忽失声,匍匐前称弟子

E.坐客乃西顾而叹,或大呼命酒,或移坐更进之,首不复东

23.从《垓下之围》中,引申而成的成语有()

A.四面楚歌

B.以五十步笑百步

C.羞见江东父老

D.霸王别姬

E.项庄舞剑,意在沛公

24.下列《蒹葭》诗句中,属于借事抒情的有()

A.白露为霜

B.溯洄从之

C.白露未晞

D.溯游从之

E.白露未已

25.《我愿是一条急流》中相对应的比喻意象有()

A.急流与太阳

B.荒林与小鸟

C.废墟与常春藤

D.草棚与烈火

E.云朵与小鱼

三、词语解释题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)

26.申之以孝悌之义

孝悌:

27.智勇多困于所溺

所溺:

28.孟尝君固辞不往也

固辞:

29.然今卒困于此

卒:

30.战百万日滋之师

师:

31.灯火荧荧,每至夜分

夜分:

32.但坐观罗敷

坐:

33.何况落红无数

落红:

34.生闻之,不觉解颐

解颐:

35.我们还得戒律自己

戒律:

四、简析题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)

36.阅读《论毅力》中的一段文字,回答问题:

其在志力薄弱之士,始固曰吾欲云云,吾欲云云,其意以为天下事固易易也,及骤尝焉而阻力猝来,颓然丧矣;其次弱者,乘一时之意气,透过此第一关,遇再挫而退;稍强者,遇三四挫而退;更稍强者,遇五六挫而退;其事愈大者,其遇挫愈多,其不退也愈难,非至强之人,未有能善于其终者也。

A.这里描述了哪几种不同毅力的人?

B.作者描述这几种不同毅力的人的不同结果是为了说明什么道理?

C.这里运用了什么修辞手法和论证方法?

37.阅读《冯谖客孟尝君》中的一段文字,回答问题:

左右以君贱之也,食以草具。居有顷,倚柱弹其剑,歌曰:“长铗归来乎!食无鱼。”左右以告。孟尝君曰:“食之,比门下之客。”居有顷,复弹其铗,歌曰:“长铗归来乎!出无车。”左右皆笑之,以告。孟尝君曰:“为之驾,比门下车客。”于是乘其车,揭其剑,过其友,曰:“孟尝君客我。”后有顷,复弹其剑铗,歌曰:“长铗归来乎!无以为家。”左右皆恶之,以为贪而不知足。孟尝君问:“冯公有亲乎?”对曰:“有老母。”孟尝君使人给其食用,无使乏。于是冯谖不复歌。

A.冯谖再三弹铗而歌的真正目的是什么?

B.从刻画冯谖形象看,文中的“左右”“贱之”、“笑之”、“恶之”有何作用?

C.文中孟尝君的性格特征是什么?

38.阅读《我与地坛》中的一段文字,回答问题:

如果以一天中的时间来对应四季,当然春天是早晨,夏天是中午,秋天是黄昏,冬天是夜晚。如果以乐器来对应四季,我想春天应该是小号,夏天是定音鼓,秋天是大提琴,冬天是圆号和长笛。要是以这园子里的声响来对应四季呢?那么,春天是祭坛上空漂浮着的鸽子的哨音,夏天是冗长的蝉歌和杨树叶子哗啦啦地对蝉歌的取笑,秋天是古殿檐头的风铃响,冬天是啄木鸟随意而空旷的啄木声。

A.举例说明这段文字用了哪些修辞方法?

B.这段文字还运用了哪些表现方法?

C.请概括这段文字的中心思想。

39.阅读《湘夫人》中的两节,回答问题:

帝子降兮北渚,目眇眇兮愁予。嫋嫋兮秋风,洞庭波兮木叶下。

登白薠兮骋望,与佳期兮夕张。鸟何萃兮蘋中?罾何为兮木上?沅有芷兮醴有兰,思公子兮未敢言。荒忽兮远望,观流水兮潺湲。麋何食兮庭中?蛟何为兮水裔?朝驰余马兮江皋,夕济兮西澨,闻佳人兮召予,将腾驾兮偕逝。

A.此诗的抒情主人公是谁?

B.概括这两节诗的内容,并说明这两节诗各依托“水神祭祀”中哪两个基本步骤?

C.各举一例融情入景、因情造景及直抒胸臆的诗句。

40.阅读下面一段文字,回答问题:

东方的大梦没法子不醒了。炮声压下去马来与印度野林中的虎啸。半醒的人们,揉着眼,祷告着祖先与神灵;不大会儿,失去了国土、自由和权利。门外立着不同面色的人,枪口还 16 热着。他们的长矛毒弩,花蛇斑彩的厚盾,都有什么用呢?连祖先与祖先所信的神明全不灵了啊;

A.这段文字选自哪位作家的哪篇作品?

B.概括这段文字的大意。

C.这段文字对表现作品主旨有何作用?

五、作文(30分)

41.有一次许广平写了一篇题为《罗素的话》的论文,请鲁迅先生批阅。鲁迅读完后,写了如下评语:“拟给90分,其中给你5分(抄工3分,末尾几句议论2分),其余85分给罗素。”显然,鲁迅先生是委婉地批评了许广平。请根据材料,自拟题目,写一篇不少于800字的文章。除诗歌外,文体不限。

三、全国2009年7月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.《五代史伶官传序》的中心论点是()

A.“盛衰之理,虽曰天命,岂非人事哉”

B.“祸患常积于忽微,而智勇多困于所溺”

C.“忧劳可以兴国,逸豫可以亡身”

D.“满招损,谦得益”

2.《就任北京大学校长之演说》:“吾人对于当轴多不满意”。这里的“当轴”所用的修辞手法是()

A.比喻 B.借代

C.比拟 D.夸张

3.《咬文嚼字》中,用心理学的“套板反应”原理所论证的道理是()

A.文字的运用决不可粗枝大叶

B.文学的文字更注重联想意义

C.文字的运用一定要有创造精神

D.斟酌文字实际是调整思想感情

4.《如何避免愚蠢的见识》中,罗素认为:“处理这个普遍存在的人类自高自大问题的唯一方法”是()

A.坚持亲自验证和注重证据的认知方法

B.善于听取各种不同的乃至相反的意见

C.克服种种自我的或者群体的中心主义

D.树立宇宙无限而人的认识有限的观念

5.下列作者中,名列“唐宋八大家”的是()

A.白居易 B.柳宗元

C.司马光 D.辛弃疾

6.《前赤壁赋》用来写景、抒情、说理的主要自然景物是()

A.江水、明月、乌鹊 B.江水、清风、白露

C.江水、明月、清风 D.清风、明月、麋鹿

7.《马伶传》中写马伶在第一次技艺较量失败后“易衣遁矣”,这种人物描写方法属于()

A.行为描写 B.肖像描写

C.言语描写 D.心理描写

8.《西湖七月半》中作者所写真正赏月的“吾辈”指的是()

A.达官显贵 B.市井百姓

C.文人雅士 D.美女闺秀

9.鲁迅《秋夜》中象征着追求光明而不惜献出生命的意象是()

A.天空 B.枣树

C.小粉红花 D.小青虫

10.《纪念傅雷》一文所歌颂的傅雷的精神品格是()

A.嫉恶如仇,忠贞刚烈 B.忘我工作,无私奉献

C.坚持真理,刚直不屈 D.报效知己,深谋远虑

11.下列《蚂蚁大战》中的语句,采用拟人手法的是()

A.发现红蚂蚁的躯体好些已被咬掉,它们比斗犬厮杀更惨烈

B.威武雄壮地高奏国歌,以振奋前仆后继的前线战士

C.那精瘦的红色斗士像老虎钳一样紧紧咬住死敌的额头不放

D.你越深究下去,越觉得它们与人类并无两样

12.《我与地坛》:“春天应该是小号,夏天是定音鼓”。这里所用的表现手法是()

A.象征 B.类比

C.侧写 D.对比

13.《诗经》中收录各地民歌最多的部分是()

A.《大雅》 B.《小雅》

C.《风》 D.《颂》

14.下列《湘夫人》诗句中融情入景的是()

A.洞庭波兮木叶下 B.鸟何萃兮蘋中

C.捐余袂兮江中 D.葺之兮荷盖

15.《陌上桑》中见了罗敷后“下担捋髭须”的是()

A.使君 B.耕者

C.少年 D.行者

16.杜甫《秋兴八首》(其一)中具有象征寓意的一联是()

A.玉露凋伤枫树林,巫山巫峡气萧森

B.江间波浪兼天涌,塞上风云接地阴

C.丛菊两开他日泪,孤舟一系故园心

D.寒衣处处催刀尺,白帝城高急暮砧

17.李清照《声声慢》中引发故乡之思的景物是()

A.晚风 B.过雁

C.黄花 D.梧桐

18.《再别康桥》中诗人用以自喻的事物是()

A.金柳 B.水草

C.彩虹 D.星辉

19.戴望舒《雨巷》中的最主要象征意象是()

A.丁香姑娘 B.寂寥雨巷

C.颓圮篱墙 D.雨的哀曲

20.舒婷《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》中,感叹祖祖辈辈美好希望一再失落的诗句是()

A.数百年来纺着疲惫的歌 B.照你在历史的隧洞里蜗行摸索

C.千百年来未落到地面的花朵 D.我是你雪被下古莲的胚芽

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)

在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21.下列成语,从庄子《秋水》语句中引申而出的有()

A.狡兔三窟 B.望洋兴叹

C.贻笑大方 D.功亏一篑

E.井底之蛙

22.下列文章中,具有场面描写的有()

A.《垓下之围》 B.《赵武灵王胡服骑射》

C.《种树郭橐驼传》 D.《马伶传》

E.《西湖七月半》

23.《都江堰》:“如地震前兆,如海啸将临,如山崩即至。”这里所采用的修辞手法有()

A.比喻 B.比拟

C.夸张 D.排比

E.借代

24.李白《行路难》(其一)诗句中运用典故的有()

A.欲渡黄河冰塞川 B.长风破浪会有时

C.闲来垂钓碧溪上 D.将登太行雪满山

E.忽复乘舟梦日边

25.辛弃疾《摸鱼儿》(更能消几番风雨)所包蕴的情感内容有()

A.对国势危殆的忧虑 B.对报国无门的悲愤

C.对权奸当道的怒斥 D.对羁旅行役的困倦

E.对时机错失的惋惜

三、词语解释题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)

26.弃甲曳兵而走

兵:

27.吾非至于子之门则殆矣

殆:

28.揭其剑,过其友

过:

29.引绳而绝之,其绝必有处

绝:

30.他植者虽窥伺效慕,莫能如也

莫能如也:

3l.泣孤舟之嫠妇

嫠妇:

32.户内洒然

洒然:

33.遍征金陵之贵客文人

征:

34.何事苦淹留

淹留:

35.要我恪守的教诲

恪守:

四、简析题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)

36.阅读《吃饭》中的一段文字,回答问题:

这个世界给人弄得混乱颠倒,到处是磨擦冲突,只有两件最和谐的事物总算是人造的:音乐和烹调。一碗好菜仿佛一支乐曲,也是一种一贯的多元,调和滋味,使相反的分子相成相济,变作可分而不可离的综合。

A.这里所倡导的是怎样的社会理念?

B.从这段文字看,作者倡导这一社会理念的针对性是什么?

C.这里采用了什么论证方法和修辞手法?

37.阅读《张中丞传后叙》中的一段文字,回答问题:

守一城,捍天下,以千百就尽之卒,战百万日滋之师,蔽遮江淮,沮遏其势,天下之不亡,其谁之功也!当是时,弃城而图存者,不可一二数;擅强兵坐而观者,相环也。不追议此,而责二公以死守,亦见其自比于逆乱,设淫辞而助之攻也。

A.文中肯定了张巡、许远什么样的历史功绩?

B.文中对哪三种人严加斥责?

C.“以千百就尽之卒”与“战百万日滋之师”形成怎样的对比关系?

38.阅读《都江堰》中的一段文字,回答问题:

也许水流对自己的驯顺有点恼怒了,突然撒起野来,猛地翻卷咆哮,但越是这样越是显现出一种更壮丽的驯顺。已经咆哮到让人心魄俱夺,也没有一滴水溅错了方位。阴气森森间,延续着一场千年的收伏战。水在这里,吃够了苦头也出足了风头,就像一大拨翻越各种障碍的马拉松健儿,把最强捍的生命付之于规整,付之于企盼,付之于众目睽睽。看云看雾看日出各有胜地,要看水,万不可忘了都江堰。

A.为何说都江堰流水是“壮丽的驯顺”?

B.“壮丽的驯顺”有何深刻的涵义?

C.指出这段文字采用了哪些修辞手法?

39.阅读裴多菲《我愿是一条急流》中的一节,回答问题:

我愿是一条急流, 23

是山间的小河,穿过崎岖的道路,从山岩中间滚过„„

只要我的爱人

是一条小鱼,在我的浪花中间,愉快地游来游去。

A.这里运用的是什么抒情手法?

B.诗中最重要的两个意象是什么?

C.从诗中看,“我”和“我的爱人”之间存在一种怎样的感情?

40.阅读《宝黛吵架》中的一段文字,回答问题:

宝玉因见黛玉病了,心里放不下,饭也懒怠吃,不时来问,只怕他有个好歹。黛玉因说道:“你只管听你的戏去罢;在家里做什么?”宝玉因昨日张道士提亲之事,心中大不受用,今听见黛玉如此说,心里因想道:“别人不知道我的心,还可恕;连他也奚落起我来。”„„由不得立刻沉下脸来,说道:“我白认得你了!罢了,罢了!”黛玉听说,冷笑了两声道:“你白认得了我吗?我那里能够象人家有什么配的上你的呢!”

A.宝黛吵架的直接原因是什么?

B.举例说明文中所运用的人物描写方法。

C.从这里看,宝黛吵架的心理特点是什么?

五、作文题(30分)

41.以“感恩”为话题,自拟题目,写一篇不少于800字的文章。除诗歌外,其他文体不限。

四、全国2009年10月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.贯穿《寡人之于国也》始终的论题是()A.民何以才能够加多

B.小恩小惠不是王道

C.实行王道的根本措施

D.实行王道的正确态度

2.《就任北京大学校长之演说》中,提倡“砥砺德行”所针对的不良校风是()A.求学为升官发财 C.不正当娱乐泛滥

B.读书为混取文凭 D.不敬爱师长学友

3.《咬文嚼字》中,运用“推敲”这个典故,是为了说明()A.文字的运用不可粗枝大叶 B.斟酌文字是调整思想感情 C.文学的文字注重联想意义

D.文字运用必须有创造精神

4.《冯谖客孟尝君》中,“孟尝君就国于薛’’意味着()A.失去齐王信任,罢官归去 B.衣锦荣归故里,光宗耀祖 C.得到百姓拥护,奉迎返乡 D.领受齐王派遣,出使薛国 5.下列作品中,主要运用细节描写手法刻画人物性格的是()A.《张中丞传后叙》

B.《种树郭橐驼传》 C.《马伶传》

D.《先妣事略》 6.《前赤壁赋》中引起“舞幽壑之潜蛟,泣孤舟之嫠妇”的是()A.“诵明月之诗,歌窈窕之章” B.“饮酒乐甚,扣舷而歌” C.“有吹洞箫者,倚歌而和”

D.曹孟德“横槊赋诗”

7.在《香市》的情景描写中,反衬重兴香市结果很冷落的是()A.单调的锣鼓声

B.依然如昔的一泓清水 C.坍塌的戏台

D.“南洋武术班”的表演

8.《爱尔克的灯光》所写的“灯光”中,象征着作者对新生活的信念和对理想的追求的是()A.“于是大门内亮起了灯光” B.“哈立希岛上的灯光”

C.“在窗前发亮的灯,„„灯光在呼唤我”

D.“我仿佛又看见了一线光,一个亮,这还是我常常看见的灯光” 9.《我与地坛》:“当我不在家里的那些漫长的时间,她是怎样心神不定坐卧难宁,兼着痛苦与惊恐与一个母亲最低限度的祈求。”这里使用的人物描写方法是()A.肖像描写

B.行为描写 C.心理描写

D.细节描写 10.被王国维评为“最得风人深致”的诗歌是()A.《蒹葭》

B.《湘夫人》

C.《陌上桑》

D.《秋兴八首》(其一)11.《饮酒》(其五)中,包含“大隐隐于市’’意味的诗句是()A.心远地自偏 C.飞鸟相与还

B.悠然见南山 D.欲辩已忘言 12.《行路难》中,“欲渡黄河冰塞川,将登太行雪满山”两句的象征意义是()A.仕途受阻

B.前程绝望 C.行役之苦

D.岁月蹉跎 l3.下列《长恨歌》诗句中,借比喻抒情的是()A.揽衣推枕起徘徊,珠箔银屏逦迤开 B.云鬓半偏新睡觉,花冠不整下堂来 C.玉容寂寞泪阑干,梨花一枝春带雨 D.含情凝睇谢君王,一别音容两渺茫

14.下列诗篇中,属于七言律诗的是()A.《行路难》(其一)C.《早雁》 A.晚来风急 C.黄花堆积

B.《长恨歌》

D.《虞美人》(春花秋月何时了)B.旧时相识 D.梧桐细雨 15.《声声慢》(寻寻觅觅)中,最后导发“怎一个愁字了得”呼告的景物是()16.《一句话》中,“青天霹雳”的隐喻意义是()A.蕴藏着巨大革命力量的民众 B.民众中压抑不住的革命情绪 C.民众革命运动的声威和力量

17.《再别康桥》中,隐喻美好理想的是()A.西天的云彩

D.诗人对民众革命的坚定信心 B.河畔的金柳

C.康河的柔波

D.彩虹似的梦 18.《雨巷》中,“独自彷徨”的象征意义是()A.孤独当中的苦闷

B.迷茫之中的寻求 C.访人不遇的怅惘

D.周围环境的冷寂 19.“宝玉见了这般,又自己后悔:‘方才不该和他较证,这会子他这样光景,我又替不了他。’ ”这段文字所运用的人物描写方法是()A.行为描写 C.细节描写

B.语言描写 D.心理描写

B.儿子死了无依无靠 D.收入微薄生活艰难 20.《苦恼》中,车夫姚纳的主要苦恼是()A.天黑雪大无人乘车

C.诉说苦恼无人肯听

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。21.下列文章,采用寓言形式的有()A.《秋水》 D.《婴宁》

A.隐喻象征,意在言外 D.借助对比,突出主题

B.《吃饭》

E.《种树郭橐驼传》 B.拟人拟物,生动传神 E.感情复杂,褒贬分明

C.《蚂蚁大战》

22.《秋夜》一文的写作特点有()

C.语言冷峻,意境幽深

23.《摸鱼儿》(更能消几番风雨)所包蕴的情感内容有()A.对报国无门的悲愤 B.对妥协政策的怨刺 C.对羁旅行役的愁苦

D.对国势危殆的忧虑 E.对权奸当道的怒斥

24.《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》中,象征贫穷落后沉重负载的意象有()A.熏黑的矿灯 B.古莲的胚芽 C.干瘪的稻穗

D.失修的路基 E.挂泪的笑涡

C.《哦,香雪》 25.下列作品中,具有悲剧色彩的有()A.《婴宁》 B.《断魂枪》 D.《苦恼》 E.《金鲤鱼的百裥裙》

三、词语解释题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)26.直不百步耳,是亦走也 直:

27.号物之数谓之万 号: 28.何其衰也 何其:.29.即彼成我败所由判也 判:

30.项王军壁垓下

壁:

31.贺兰嫉巡、远之声威功绩出己上 出己上:

32.虽驱世以笑我 驱世: 33.知不可乎骤得 骤:

34.峨冠盛筵 峨冠:

35.譬如在园中最为落寞的时间 落寞:

四、简析题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)36.阅读《秋水》中的一段文字,回答问题:

五帝之所连,三王之所争,仁人之所忧,任士之所劳,尽此矣。伯夷辞之以为名,仲尼语之以为博,此其自多也,不似尔向之自多于水乎? A.庄子嘲讽伯夷、仲尼“自多”所依据的理念是什么? B.这里运用了哪两种论证方法? C.这里采用了哪些修辞手法? 37.阅读《垓下之围》中的一段文字,回答问题:

项王军壁垓下,兵少食尽,汉军及诸侯兵围之数重。夜闻汉军四面皆楚歌,项王乃大惊曰:“汉皆已得楚乎?是何楚人之多也!’’项王则夜起,饮帐中。有美人名虞,常幸从;骏马名骓,常骑之。于是项王乃悲歌慷慨,自为诗曰:“力拔山兮气盖世,时不利兮骓不逝;骓不逝兮可奈何,虞兮虞兮奈若何!”歌数阕,美人和之。项王泣数行下。左右皆泣,莫能仰视。

A.写出这段文字中引出的两个成语。

B.项羽的诗表现了他怎样的性格特点? C.文中运用了哪些人物描写方法? 38.阅读《哭小弟》中的一段文字,回答问题:

小弟白面长身,美丰仪;喜文艺,娴诗词;且工书法篆刻。父亲在挽联中说他是“全才罕遇”,实非夸张。如果他有三次生命,他的多方面的才能和精力也是用不完的;可就这一 27 辈子,也没有得以充分地发挥和施展。他病危弥留的时间很长,他那颗丹心,那颗让祖国飞起来的丹心,顽强地跳动,不肯停息。他不甘心!这样壮志未酬的人,不只他一个呵!A.举例说明文中的正面描写与侧面描写。

B.这段文字的写作特点是什么? C.联系全文,“这样壮志未酬的人,不只他一个呵’’一句有何深意? 39.阅读《湘夫人》中的一段,回答问题:

帝子降兮北渚,目眇眇兮愁予。嫋嫋兮秋风,洞庭波兮木叶下。A.前两句为全诗设定了怎样的情景? B.这一情景与《蒹葭》中的什么情景相近? C.这里运用了怎样的情景交融方式? 40.阅读《断魂枪》中的一段文字,回答问题:

谁不晓得沙子龙是利落,短瘦,硬棒,两眼明得像霜夜的大星?可是,现在他身上放了肉。镖局改了客栈,他自己在后小院占着三间北房,大枪立在墙角,院子里有几只楼鸽。只是在夜间,他把小院的门关好,熟习熟习他的“五虎断魂枪”。这条枪与这套枪,二十年的工夫,在西北一带,给他创出来:“神枪沙子龙”五个字,没遇见过敌手。现在,这条枪与这套枪不会再替他增光显胜了;只是摸摸这凉,滑,硬而发颤的杆子,使他心中少难过一些而已。只有在夜间独自拿起枪来,才能相信自己还是“神枪沙”。在白天,他不大谈武艺与往事;他的世界已被狂风吹了走。

A.举例说明这段文字中对沙子龙的描写所运用的三种人物描写方法。B.沙子龙“镖局改了客栈”反映了怎样的社会背景? C.沙子龙夜间练枪表现出他怎样的性格特征?

五、作文题(30分)

41.以“我的财富”为题,写一篇少于800字的文章。除诗歌外,文体不限。

五、全国2010年1月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.《五代史伶官传序》的中心论点是()A.满招损,谦得益

B.忧劳可以兴国,逸豫可以亡身

C.祸患常积于忽微,而智勇多困于所溺

D.盛衰之理,虽日天命,岂非人事哉

2.《就任北京大学校长之演说》既肯定大学的宗旨是“研究高深学问”,又批评“求学为升官发财”的腐败风气,这种论证方法是()A.演绎法 C.对比法

3.《吃饭》的主要表现方法是()A.对比

B.归纳法 D.类比法 B.类比

C.侧写 D.象征

4.《垓下之围》中,揭示项羽内心世界中知耻重义一面的情节是()A.惊闻楚歌

B.悲歌“虞兮”

C.对吕马童说“吾为若德” D.马赠亭长,自刎乌江 5.下列文章中,“传其事以为官戒”的是()A.《冯谖客孟尝君》 C.《种树郭橐驼传》

B.《张中丞传后叙》 D.《马伶传》

6.下列《前赤壁赋》的语句中,描写箫声的是()A.耳得之而为声 B.飘飘乎如遗世独立 C.舞幽壑之潜蛟 D.寄蜉蝣于天地 7.《先妣事略》:“入城,则缉纟卢,灯火荧荧,每至夜分。”这里表现的母亲的品德是()A.俭朴

B.勤劳

C.待人厚道 D.严以教子

8.下列《马伶传》的语句中,暗含讽刺当朝权奸之意的是()A.其士女之问桃叶渡、游雨花台者,趾相错也 B.新安贾合两部为大会 C.异哉!马伶之自得师也 D.见昆山犹之见分宜也

9.《秋夜》所写的事物中,在象征寓意上与枣树相近的是()A.天空 B.小粉红花 C.小青虫 A.旧家庭的冷落

D.月亮 B.希望的破灭 10.在巴金的笔下,“爱尔克的灯光”所象征的是()

C.对礼教的憎恶 D.新的生活道路 11.余秋雨说,都江堰“实实在在地占据了邈远的时间”,这句话的意思是()A.它永久性地灌溉了中华民族

B.长城还只是它的后辈

C.李冰在世时已考虑事业的承续 D.都江堰倒成了连接两界的骄傲

12.《蚂蚁大战》中场面描写的特点是()A.以点带面 B.由近及远 C.动静交错 D.由远及近13.《蒹葭》的主要抒情方法是()A.直抒胸臆 C.借典故抒情

B.借比喻抒情 D.借象征抒情

14.《陌上桑》所描写的主要人物形象是()A.罗敷 B.耕者 C.使君

A.玉露凋伤枫树林,巫山巫峡气萧森

D.夫婿

B.江间波浪兼天涌,塞上风云接地阴 15.《秋兴八首》(其一)中,抒写漂泊之感的诗句是()

C.丛菊两开他日泪,孤舟一系故园心 D.寒衣处处催刀尺,白帝城高急暮砧 16.李煜《虞美人》的情感内容是抒写()A.行役之苦、羁旅之愁 C.时局之忧、危机之虑

B.失意之悲、遭贬之愤 D.故国之思、亡国之痛

17.《再别康桥》中,“夕阳中的新娘”比喻的是()A.西天的云彩 B.河畔的金柳 C.软泥上的青荇 D.康河的柔波

18.《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》中,“是‘飞天’袖间/千百年来未落到地面的花朵”的象征意义是()

A.丝绸之路的历史记忆 B.敦煌艺术的文化遗存 C.历史的祖国艰难地负重缓行 D.祖祖辈辈的美好希望一再失落 19.《哦,香雪》的整体结构特点是()A.思想感情的多重性 B.全景描述中突出中心画面

C.以看火车为聚集点 D.借景物描写表现人物心情

20.《金鲤鱼的百裥裙》中,开头和结尾都写到孙女要穿百裥裙的情景,这对表现金鲤鱼悲惨命运的作用是()A.对比反衬 C.侧面渲染

B.铺垫烘托 D.象征暗示

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)

在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21.《我的世界观》阐述了爱因斯坦的()A.教育思想 B.人生观念 C.政治思想

D.科学贡献

E.宗教感情

22.《我与地坛》一文表现母爱的方式有()A.行动描写 C.侧面烘托

B.心理描写 D.多重类比

E.象征

23.下列《长恨歌》诗句中,借举止抒情的有()A.回看血泪相和流 B.到此踌躇不能去

C.春风桃李花开日 D.孤灯挑尽未成眠

E.在地愿为连理枝

24.闻一多《一句话》的情感内涵有()A.对社会黑暗的憎恶 B.对民众革命的信心 C.对新生中国的企盼 D.对西方文明的向往 E.对祖国的深沉热爱

25.下列《婴宁》中语句,属于鬼母教诲婴宁的有()A.颇亦不钝,但少教训,嬉不知愁

B.有何喜,笑辄不辍?若不笑,当为全人 C.小学诗礼,亦好事翁姑 D.人罔不笑,但须有时

E.观其孜孜憨笑,似全无心肝者

三、词语解释题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)26.王无罪岁,斯天下之民至焉 斯:

27.即彼成我败所由判也 判:

28.宗旨既乘,趋向自异 乖:

29.齐放其大臣孟尝君于诸侯 放:

30.不能通知二父志 通知: 31.字而幼孩 字:

32.固一世之雄也 固:

33.无一字龃龉 龃龉:

34.不衫不帻

帻:

35.登时一口一口的,把块绢子吐湿 登时:

四、简析题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)

36.阅读《吃饭》中的一段文字,回答问题:

伊尹是中国第一个哲学家厨师,在他眼里,整个人世间好比是做菜的厨房。《吕氏春秋·本味篇》记伊尹以至味说汤,把最伟大的统治哲学讲成惹人垂涎的食谱。这个观念渗透了中国古代的政治意识,所以自从《尚书·说命》起,做宰相总比为“和羹调鼎”,老子也说“治国如烹小鲜”。

A.概括这段文字的大意。

B.这里运用了哪两种论证方法? 31 C.这里采用了怎样的联想方式和修辞手法? 37.阅读《张中丞传后叙》中的一段文字,回答问题:

守一城,捍天下,以千百就尽之卒,战百万日滋之师,蔽遮江淮,沮遏其势,天下之不亡,其谁之功也!当是时,弃城而图存者,不可一二数;擅强兵坐而观者,相环也。不追议此,而责二公以死守,亦见其自比于逆乱,设淫辞而助之攻也。A.这里所说的“淫辞”指的是哪一句? B.这段文字包含哪四重对比关系? C.写出文中的对偶句。

38.阅读《湘夫人》中的一节,回答问题:

筑室兮水中,葺之兮荷盖。荪壁兮紫坛,芳椒兮成堂;桂栋兮兰,辛夷楣兮药房。罔薜荔兮为帷,擗蕙 兮既张;白玉兮为镇,疏石兰兮为芳,芷葺兮荷屋,缭之兮杜衡。合百草兮实庭,建芳馨兮庑门。九嶷缤兮并迎,灵之来兮如云。A.这里描写了什么情景? B.这里表达了抒情主人公怎样的情感? C.这里运用了什么艺术手法? 39.阅读李清照《声声慢》,回答问题:

寻寻觅觅,冷冷清清,凄凄惨惨戚戚。乍暖还寒时候,最难将息。三杯两盏淡酒,怎敌他、晚来风急!雁过也,正伤心,却是旧时相识。满地黄花堆积,憔悴损,如今有谁堪摘!守着窗儿,独自怎生得黑!梧桐更兼细雨,到黄昏、点点滴滴。这次第,怎一个愁字了得!A.开头十四个叠字分别写了什么? B.“雁过”引发出怎样的思绪? C.词中运用了哪些宋人口语? 40.阅读《金鲤鱼的百裥裙》中的一段文字,回答问题:

到了大喜的日子,果然没有任何一条红百裥裙出现。不穿大红百裥裙,固然没有身份的区别了,但是,穿了呢?不就有区别了吗?她就是要这一点点的区别呀!„„她多少年就梦想着,有一天穿上一条绣着满是梅花的大红西洋缎的百裥裙,在上房里,在花厅上,在喜棚下走动着。的声音,是从熨得平整坚实的裙裥子里发出来的。那个声音,曾令她羡妒,令她渴望,令她伤心。

A.“大喜的日子,果然没有任何一条红百裥裙出现”的真正原因是什么? B.金鲤鱼梦想穿“大红百裥裙”的动机是什么? C.结尾三句运用了什么修辞手法,有何作用?

五、作文题(30分)

41.以《我们的家园》为题,写一篇不少于800字的文章,除诗歌外,文体不限。(全国2010年1月自学考试大学语文参考答案)

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)1—5 DCBDC 6—10 11—15 16—2 21.ACE 22.ABC

CBDCB AADAC DBDBA

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)23.ABD 24.ABCE 25.BC

三、词语解释题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)26.斯:这样。27.判:区别。28.乖:背离。29.放:放逐。

30.通知:通晓,理解。31.字:养育。32.固:本来,确实。33.龃龉:生疏而不流畅。34.帻:头巾。35.登时:立刻。

四、简析题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)36.A以伊尹等为例,阐述作者“和而不同”的社会理念。B举例论证法、引证法。C相似性联想;比喻。

37.A.“不追议此,而责二公以死守”。

B“守一城,捍天下”是小于大的对比,突出了张巡、许远守卫睢阳城的历史功绩。

“以千百就尽之卒,战百万日滋之师”是数量与趋势的对比。意在突出张巡、许远及其部属的英勇顽强。

“当是时,弃城而图存者,不可一二数;擅强兵坐而观者,相环也。”是以“弃城而图存者”与“擅强兵坐而观者”来与张巡、许远的决战到底的英雄气概和爱国精神相对比。

“不追议此,而责二公以死守,亦见其自比于逆乱,设淫辞而助之攻也。”是邪恶与正气的对比,义正词严,有力地驳斥了小人的谬论,义正词严。C守一城,捍天下。

以千百就尽之卒,战百万日滋之师。

38.A描写湘君筑室水中以迎接湘夫人的情景。B表达了抒情主人公对理想爱情的无比向往。C铺叙。

39.A“寻寻觅觅”写行为。统领作者喝酒、望雁、看菊、听雨等行动。

“冷冷清清”写环境,统领气候、晚风、过雁、黄花、梧桐细雨等景物。

“凄凄惨惨戚戚”写心情,统领秋愁、家破人亡之思、身世变迁之感、孤苦绝望之悲等情感。

B引发了作者对故土家园和往日夫妻伉俪情深的追怀,表现了作者由家破人亡所造成的痛苦心情。C“将息”、“怎生”、“次第”、“了得”等为宋人口语。

40.A许大太太压制金鲤鱼,不让她实现自己“鲤鱼跳过龙门”而取得“太太”的地位。B梦想取得正房太太一样的地位,改变自己低下的地位。

C排比。表现了金鲤鱼对百裥裙所体现的身份意识和等级观念的向往和伤心失望,揭示出她所受到的身份意识和等级观念的心灵创伤。

五、作文题(30分)(略)

六、全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。1.《寡人之于国也》中,通过类比法阐明论点的论据是()A.狗彘食人食而不知检 B.刺人而杀之,曰“非我也,兵也” C.河内凶,则移其民于河东 D.不违农也,谷不可胜食也 2.《容忍与自由》说服力强的主要原因是()A.自我反思 C.例证典型

B.深入浅出 D.旁征博引

3.用韩愈“惟陈言之务去”的名言,来阐发文字的运用要有创造精神的道理,这种论证方法是()A.演绎法

B.归纳法

C.类比法 D.对比法

4.下列文章中,塑造了悲剧英雄形象的是()A.《冯谖客孟尝君》 C.《赵武灵王胡服骑射》

B.《垓下之围》

D.《马伶传》

5.《张中丞传后叙》中,用来刻画南霁云形象的典型细节是()

A.“食其所爱之肉” B.“抽矢射佛寺浮图” C.“吾于书读不过三遍,终身不忘也” D.“就戮时,颜色不乱,阳阳如平常” 6.《种树郭橐驼传》中,用“长安豪富人”“皆争迎取养”写郭橐驼种树技艺高超,这种表现手法是()

A.侧面烘托 B.对比反衬 C.象征暗示 D.类比显现 7.下列作品中属于散文诗的是()A.《秋夜》 B.《香市》

C.《爱尔克的灯光》 D.《都江堰》

8.下列出现于《纪念傅雷》中的词语,用以表现傅雷性情刚直的是()A.那把长锸,千年来始终与金杖玉玺、铁戟钢锤反复辩论 B.他以田间老农的思维,进入了最澄彻的人类学的思考 C.直到今天,长城还常常成为排场

D.他筑堰的指令,智慧、仁慈、透明 10.《湘夫人》开头所展现的特定情境是()A.朝夕厮守 C.不期而遇

B.如约而至 D.期而不遇

11.下列诗歌,属于田园诗的是()A.《蒹葭》 B.《陌上桑》 C.《饮酒》(其五)

D.《秋兴八首》(其一)

12.杜甫诗歌的风格特点是()A.奔放雄奇 B.沉郁顿挫

C.平易晓畅 D.清朗俊爽

13.杜牧《早雁》中,暗示逃难民众有家难归的诗句是()

A.云外惊飞四散哀 B.长门灯暗数声来

C.岂逐春风一一回 D.水多菰米岸莓苔 14.李煜《虞美人》(春花秋月何时了)借景抒情的特点是()A.以乐景写哀,愈显其哀 B.以哀景写乐,愈显其乐 C.以哀景写哀,倍增哀痛 D.以乐景写乐,倍增欢乐 15.闻一多《一句话》的创作年代是()A.1919年五四运动前后 B.1922年作者赴美留学前

C.1925年作者海外归来后 D.1937年抗日战争爆发后

16.徐志摩《再别康桥》节奏流畅,音节顿挫,韵律和谐,体现了诗歌体式的()A.对称美 C.音乐美

A.水旱灾害频繁发生 C.传统农具效率低下

B.绘画美 D.建筑美

B.历史中国负重缓行 D.旧式农业停滞不前 17.舒婷《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》中,“破旧的老水车”的象征意义是()

18.裴多菲《我愿是一条急流》是一首()A.爱情诗 B.政治诗

C.送别诗 D.悼亡诗

19.契诃夫《苦恼》中,能够听姚纳诉说烦恼的是()A.军人 B.青年 C.马车夫 D.小母马 20.《麦琪的礼物》的语言特点是()

A.诙谐幽默 B.平易素朴 C.清新优美 D.雍容典雅

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21.《吃饭》的艺术特点有()

A.长于演绎 C.旁征博引 E.幽默风趣

22.《秋夜》所写的动植物中,被作者赋予了象征意味的有()A.枣树 C.小粉红花 E.蜜蜂

23.下列作品,属于七言律诗的有()A.屈原《湘夫人》 C.白居易《长恨歌》 E.贺铸《鹧鸪天》

24.下列诗词,借秋景抒情的有()

B.杜甫《秋兴八首》(其一)D.杜牧《早雁》 B.蝴蝶 D.小青虫 B.善于类比 D.妙喻联珠

A.陶渊明《饮酒》(其五)C.柳永《八声甘州》 E.辛弃疾《摸鱼儿》

B.李白《行路难》(其一)D.李清照《声声慢》

25.下列选项中,对《婴宁》评述正确的有()A.天真爱笑是婴宁的自然天性 B.作者对于婴宁的自然天性赞赏有加 C.迫于社会规范的约束,婴宁“矢不复笑” D.作者对婴宁的性格转变由衷赞赏

E.婴宁性格的转化意味着个体对社会规范的顺应

三、词语解释题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)26.弃甲曳兵而走

走:

27.原庄宗之所以得天下

原:

28.成败之数,视此而已

数: 29.食以草具

草具: 30.何兴之暴也

暴:

31.他植者虽窥伺效慕

他植者: 32.侣鱼虾而友糜鹿

侣鱼虾:

33.人少,可是把式不敢马虎

把式: 34.夕济兮西澨

济:

35.你只管了然无闻的,方见的是待我重

了然无闻:

四、简析题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)36.阅读《如何避免愚蠢的见识》中的一段文字,回答问题:

圣雄甘地就对铁路、轮船和机器深表遗憾;在他看来整个产业革命都要不得。也许你永远没有机会真的遇见一位抱有这种见解的人,因为在西方国家里大多数人都把现代技术的种种好

处视为当然。但是如果你想弄确实你同意这种流行的看法乃是正确的,那么一个好办法就是设想一下甘地为了反驳现代技术的种种好处而可能提出的论据,从而检验一下你自己想到的证据。

A.这里提出的避免愚蠢见识的一个好办法是什么? B.这里运用了什么论证方法? C.指出其中表示虚拟语气的词语,说明其表现作用。37.阅读《前赤壁赋》中的一段文字,回答问题:

客有吹洞箫者,倚歌而和之。其声呜呜然,如怨如慕,如泣如诉;余音袅袅,不绝如缕。舞幽壑之潜蛟,泣孤舟之嫠妇。

A.作者从哪些方面来描写箫声? B.这里用了哪几种修辞手法?

C.箫声描写中注入了怎样的情感基调?与文章的下文有何联系? 38.阅读《爱尔克的灯光》中的一段文字,回答问题:

他用空空两手造就了一份家业。到临死还周到地为儿孙安排了舒适的生活。他叮嘱后人保留着他修建的房屋和他辛苦地搜集起来的书画。但是儿孙们回答他的还是同样的字:分和卖。我很奇怪,为什么这样聪明的老人还不明白一个浅显的道理:财富并不“长宜子孙”,倘使不给他们一个生活技能,不向他们指示一条生活道路;“家”这个小圈子只能摧毁年轻心灵的发育成长,倘使不同时让他们睁起眼睛去看广大世界;财富只能毁灭崇高的理想和善良的气质,要是它只消耗在个人的利益上面。

A.概括这段文字两个层次的内容。

B.作者认为怎样才能真正的“长宜子孙”? C.说明其中排比句三个分句共同的语序特点。39.阅读戴望舒《雨巷》中的两节: 她是有

丁香一样的颜色,丁香一样的芬芳,丁香一样的忧愁,在雨中哀怨,哀怨又彷徨;

她彷徨在这寂寥的雨巷,撑着油纸伞 像我一样,像我一样地

默默彳亍着

冷漠,凄清,又惆怅。

A.“默默彳亍着”的象征意义是什么?

B.从这两节诗歌看,“她”与“丁香”有何相通之处? C.简要说明这两节诗的意境美。

40.阅读《断魂枪》中的一段文字,回答问题:

谁也没看起这个老人:小干巴个儿,披着件粗蓝布大衫,脸上窝窝瘪瘪,眼陷进去很深,嘴上几根细黄胡,肩上扛着条小黄草辫子,有筷子那么细,而绝对不像筷子那么直顺。王三胜可是看出这老家伙有功夫,脑门亮,眼睛亮——眼眶虽深,眼珠可黑得像两口小井,深深的闪着黑光。

A.这里主要运用了何种人特描写方法? B.为什么说这段描写具有欲扬先抑的特点?

C.作者写老人“脑门亮,眼睛亮”,在情节发展上起到何种作用?

五、作文(30分)

41.以“感受和谐”为题,写一篇不少于800字的文章。除诗歌外,文体不限。

七、全国2010年7月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。1.《论毅力》的成文时间是()A.百日维新发动时

B.百日维新失败后

C.辛亥革命前 D.辛亥革命后

2.《容忍与自由》中,用来批判“绝对之是”理念的例证是()A.胡适引《王制》条律痛骂《西游记》 B.“孔子为鲁司寇七日而诛杀少正卯” C.高尔文烧死塞维图斯等多名科学家 D.陈独秀提倡白话文而“不容讨论”

3.《如何避免愚蠢的见识》所运用的主要论证方法是()A.演绎法 C.类比法

B.归纳法 D.对比法

4.冯谖“弹铗三歌”,意图是对孟尝君进行()A.歌颂 B.试探 C.劝谏 D.嘲讽 5.《张中丞传后叙》最后一段的内容是()A.叙述张巡、许远的一些轶事 B.记叙南霁云乞救于贺兰

C.驳斥污蔑张巡、许远的错误论调

D.赞颂张巡、许远“守一城,捍天下”的功绩

6.下列文章中,主要通过对话展开说理、刻画人物的是()A.《赵武灵王胡服骑射》 B.《垓下之围》 C.《张中丞传后叙》 D.《先妣事略》

7.下列出现于《前赤壁赋》的叠字中,作者用以表现泛舟之乐的是()A.呜呜 B.袅袅 C.苍苍 D.浩浩

8.下列《先妣事略》的语句中,属于作者直接抒情的是()A.诸儿见家人泣,则随之泣

C.家中人闻吴家桥人至,皆喜

9.《秋夜》一文所营造的意境是()A.冷寂深邃 C.残败凋敝

B.见子弟甥姪无不爱 D.世乃有无母之人,天乎 B.淡定宁静 D.苍劲悲壮

10.《纪念傅雷》一文中,作者写傅雷的昆明之怒是为了()A.说明傅雷别号“怒庵”的来历 B.说明傅雷具有儒家刚者的品德 C.为其后“一怒而死”作铺垫

D.揭示傅雷发怒的客观原因

11.“有了一个李冰,神话走向实际,幽深的精神天国一下子贴近了大地”这句话是为了说明()A.民间宗教多世俗气息

C.人们对李冰为民造福的推崇

B.李冰命儿子作石人镇水 D.汉代水官以李冰雕像镇水

12.《我与地坛》作者将母亲与地坛并列来写是为了表达()A.地坛和母亲都是作者抚平创伤、焕发新生的源泉 B.作者从“荒芜但并不衰败”的环境出发思考人生 C.以地坛的“荒芜但并不衰败”象征母亲形象 D.以地坛的四季特点来表达母爱的深度和广度 13.《蒹葭》选自《诗经》中的()A.国风

B.大雅

C.小雅 D.颂

14.《行路难》中,显示英雄失意抑郁悲愤心情的诗句是()A.金樽清酒斗十千,玉盘珍馐直万钱 C.欲渡黄河冰塞川,将登太行雪满山 15.《早雁》是一首()A.七言古诗 C.七言律诗

B.七言歌行 D.七言绝句

B.停杯投箸不能食,拔剑四顾心茫然 D.闲来垂钓碧溪上,忽复乘舟梦日边

16.柳永《八声甘州》中,开始转换角度、从“对面写起”的词句是()A.渐霜风凄紧 B.惟有长江水

C.叹年来踪迹 D.想佳人、妆楼顒望

17.贺铸《鹧鸪天》中,“空床卧听南窗雨,谁复挑灯夜补衣”的抒情方法是()A.借景物抒情 B.借比喻抒情 C.借象征抒情 D.借举止抒情

18.下列诗篇中,追求朦胧的审美情趣,以哀怨感伤格调见长的是()A.《一句话》 B.《再别康桥》 C.《雨巷》 D.《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》

19.《宝黛吵架》中“宝玉又自己后悔:‘方才不该和他较证’”句所运用的人物描写方 法是()A.行为描写 C.心理描写

B.语言描写 D.细节描写

20.《麦琪的礼物》揭示人物心理活动的主要方法是()A.直接心理刻画 B.自然环境烘托 C.人物对话描写 D.行为和表情显现

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21.下列比喻,见之于庄子《秋水》一文的有()A.以五十步笑百步,则何如 B.引绳而绝之,其绝必有处 C.夏虫不可以语于冰者,笃于时也

D.中国之在海内,似稊米之在大仓

E.掘井九仞而不及泉,犹为弃井也

22.《西湖七月半》所写的五类“七月半之人”中,在夜深时分被“吾辈”“拉与同坐”的有()A.“峨冠盛筵”者

B.“环坐露台”者

C.“浅斟低唱”者 D.“不衫不帻”者 E.“匿影树下”者

23.《湘夫人》中,通过描写事理颠倒的假想景象来表现人物内心焦虑和不安的诗句有

41()A.鸟何萃兮藐中 B.罾何为兮木上 C.蛟何为兮水裔 D.筑室兮水中 E.遗余襟兮醴浦

24.《再别康桥》的诗性美感主要体现在()A.喷薄而出的满腔激情 C.诗情画意的优美意象

B.诗歌节奏的音乐美 D.诗歌体式的建筑美

E.精彩多样的抒情手法

25.下列描述,采用拟人修辞手法的有()A.她的眼睛,“洁如水晶”

C.“风柔和了许多,月亮是这样明净” E.“小溪的歌唱高昂起来”

三、词语解释题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)26.方存乎见少,又奚以自多 奚: 27.以为是殆幸运儿 殆:

28.则其造诣,容有底止 造诣:

29.孟尝君就国于薛

就国:

30.纵江东父兄怜而王我 王我:

31.他植者虽窥伺效慕,莫能如也 如:

32.先时中山负齐之强兵 负:

33.然数颦蹙顾诸婢曰 数: 34.耻其技之不若 技之不若:

35.生恨其痴,无术可以悟之 悟之:

四、简析题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)36.阅读《寡人之于国也》中的一段文字,回答问题:

不违农时,谷不可胜食也;数罟不入湾池,鱼鳖不可胜食也;斧斤以时入山林,材木不可胜用也。谷与鱼鳖不可胜食,材木不可胜用,是使民养生丧死无憾也。养生丧死无憾,王道之始也。

A.孟子认为“王道之始”的标志是什么? B.这段话体现出孟子怎样的治国思想? C.这里运用了哪种论证方法? 37.阅读《马伶传》中的一段文字,回答问题:

B.在火车旁,她“像一叶没根的小草” D.“月光黯淡下来,群山沉默着”

侯方域曰:异哉!马伶之自得师也。夫其以李伶为绝技,无所干求,乃走事昆山,见昆山犹之见分宜也,以分宜教分宜,安得不工哉?呜呼!耻其技之不若,而去数千里,为卒三年。倘三年犹不得,即犹不归尔。其志如此,技之工又须问耶? A.这段文字可分为几个层次?概括各层次的大意。

B.“见昆山犹之见分宜也”,其中的“昆山”与“分宜”各指什么? C.马伶的经验说明了什么? 38.阅读《陌上桑》中的一章,回答问题:

日出东南隅,照我秦氏楼。秦氏有好女,自名为罗敷。罗敷喜蚕桑,采桑城南隅。青丝为笼系,桂枝为笼钩。头上倭堕髻,耳中明月珠。缃绮为下裙,紫绮为上襦。行者见罗敷,下担捋髭须。少年见罗敷,脱帽著悄头。耕者忘其犁,锄者忘其锄。来归相怨怒,但坐观罗敷。

A.诗中所写的罗敷采桑用具及服饰有何特点?这样写有何作用? B.诗中的“行者”、“少年”、“耕者”、“锄者”有何共同心理? C.这段描写体现出怎样的笔调和色彩? 39.阅读《祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国》中的一节,回答问题: 我是你十亿分之一,是你九百六十万平方的总和; 你以伤痕累累的乳房 喂养了

迷惘的我、深思的我、沸腾的我; 那就从我的血肉之躯上

去取得

你的富饶、你的荣光、你的自由; ——祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国!A.“我是你十亿分之一”中的“我”指什么?

B.“迷惘的我、深思的我、沸腾的我”中的“我”指什么? C.“你的富饶、你的荣光、你的自由”所运用的修辞手法是什么? 40.阅读《苦恼》中的一段文字,回答问题: “这个星期我„„嗯„„我的儿子死了!”

“大家都要死的„„”驼背咳了一阵,擦擦嘴唇,叹口气说,“算了,赶车吧!赶车吧!诸位先生啊,车子照这么爬,我简直受不了啦!什么时候他才会把我们拉到啊?”

“那么,你给他一点小小的鼓励也好„„给他一个脖儿拐!” “你听见没有,你这老不死的?我要给你一个脖儿拐啦!要是跟你们这班人讲客气,那还不如索性走路的好!„„听见没有,你这条老龙?莫非我们说的话你不在心上吗?” 于是姚纳,与其说是觉得,不如说是听见脖子后面啪的一响。“嘻嘻!„„”他笑,“好有兴致的几位老爷„„求上帝保佑你们!”

A.从“大家都要死的”这个回答中,可以看出姚纳的苦恼是什么?反映出当时怎样的社会心态? B.车夫姚纳挨了打,为什么还“嘻嘻”地笑着“求上帝保佑”打他的人? C.这里运用的主要人物描写方法是什么?

五、作文题(30分)41.以《出发点》为题,写一篇不少于800字的文章,除诗歌外,文体不限。

八、全国2010年10月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)1.从《秋水》看,庄子“少仲尼之闻而轻伯夷之义”所依据的理念是()A.以人为本,施行仁政 B.顺应自然,清静无为 C.宇宙无限,人的认识有限 D.多元并立,和而不同

2.《五代史伶官传序》中,用“满招损,谦得益”的观点来说明国家兴衰的道理,这 种论证方法是()A.演绎法 B.归纳法

C.类比法 D.对比法 3.《咬文嚼字》的作者认为,“咬文嚼字”表面上是斟酌文字,实际上是()A.确立中心论点 B.调整思想感情 C.安排层次结构 D.选择表现方法 4.赵武灵王推行胡服骑射能够成功的关键因素是()A.入侵者大兵压境 B.公子成态度转变 C.法令严峻 D.臣民拥护

5.《张中丞传后叙》驳斥“城之陷,自远所分始”这一错误论调时,使用的论证方法是()A.演绎 B.归纳 C.对比 D.类比 6.下列文章中,赞叹主人公能“自得师”的是()A.《冯谖客孟尝君》 B.《种树郭橐驼传》 C.《马伶传》 D.《纪念傅雷》

7.下列《西湖七月半》语句中,兼用了比拟、对偶和比喻修辞手法的是()A.此时月如镜新磨,山复整妆,湖复额面

B.向之浅斟低唱者出,匿影树下者亦出,吾辈往通声气,拉与同坐 C.韵友来,名妓至,杯箸安,竹肉发

D.月色苍凉,东方将白,客方散去

8.《香市》作者在描述重兴香市冷落情景时着重写了“南洋武术班”,其手法是()

A.类比象征 B.对比反衬 C.以小见大 D.侧面描写 9.《哭小弟》一文组织材料的方式是()A.依顺时序 B.交叉垒积

C.由大及小 D.由小及大 10.《湘夫人》中,“时不可兮骤得,聊逍遥兮容与”的抒情方法是()A.直抒胸臆 B.借典故抒情 C.借景抒情 D.借象征抒情

11.《饮酒》(其五)中,体现诗人鄙弃世俗功名心态的诗句是()A.结庐在人境,而无车马喧 B.采菊东篱下,悠然见南山 C.山气日夕佳,飞鸟相与还 D.此中有真意,欲辩已忘言 12.李白《行路难》是一首()A.七言律诗 B.汉乐府诗

C.新乐府诗 D.旧题乐府诗

13.《早雁》中,暗寓百姓纷纷逃难、流离失所的诗句是()A.金河秋半虏弦开,云外惊飞四散哀 B.仙掌月明孤影过,长门灯暗数声来 C.须知胡骑纷纷在,岂逐春风一一回 D.莫厌潇湘少人处,水多菰米岸莓苔 14.柳永《八声甘州》中,“惟有长江水,无语东流”感叹的是()A.游子漂泊,前途无望 B.久别家人,音讯杳然 C.青春不再,人生如寄 D.世事变迁,朝代更替 15.下列《鹧鸪天》中的词句,含有“琴瑟知音”这一典故的是()A.梧桐半死清霜后 B.头白鸳鸯失伴飞 C.原上草,露初唏 D.旧栖新垅两依依

16.李清照《声声慢》中,直接引发“怎一个愁字了得”呼告的景物是()A.晚来风急 B.伤心雁过 C.黄花堆积 D.梧桐细雨 17.《再别康桥》的主要抒情方法是()A.借景抒情 B.借举止抒情 C.借事抒情 D.借典故抒情

18.下列《我愿是一条急流》的意象中,用来比喻“我的爱人”的是()A.草棚 B.幽谷 C.烈火 D.炉膛 l9.《断魂枪》中,孙老者的主要个性特点是()A.争强好胜 B.嗜艺如命 C.落寞孤傲 D.有时代感 20.《苦恼》的主要情节是()A.大雪纷纷下,车夫无生意 B.车夫死儿子,年老无依靠 C.母马挨鞭子,车夫遭打骂 D.苦恼无处诉,只能对马说

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21.下列成语,见之于《就任北京大学校长之演说》一文的有()A.井底之蛙 B.终南捷径 C.责无旁贷 D.功亏一篑 E.开诚布公

22.《垓下之围》的“太史公曰”中,对项羽的批评意见有()A.不重情 B.不师古 C.不觉悟 D.不自责 E.不善用人

23.下列作品中,运用了类比手法的有()A.《种树郭橐驼传》 B.《秋夜》

C.《爱尔克的灯光》 D.《我与地坛》 E.《蚂蚁大战》

24.《蒹葭》全诗流溢着抒情主人公对“伊人”的()A.真诚向往 B.执著追求

C.绝望情绪 D.疑虑心理

E.追寻不得的惆怅

25.《金鲤鱼的百裥裙》的叙事特点有()A.使用倒叙方法 B.以百裥裙为中心线索

C.行文夹叙夹议 D.以儿子的行为侧面烘托金鲤鱼 E.结尾以裙子尚未完工来深化主题

三、词语解释题(本大题共10小题,每小题1分,共10分)26.成败之数,视此而已 数:

27.以期学有心得,能裨实用 期:

28.你的文章也就真正是“作”出来的,不至落入下乘 下乘:

29.项王军壁垓下 壁:

30.远虽材若不及巡者,开门纳巡 纳:

31.今寡人作教易服而公叔不服 不服:

32.是造物者之无尽藏也 造物者:

33.或大呼命酒 命酒:

34.向之浅斟低唱者出 向:

35.此愿有何难遂

遂:

四、简析题(本大题共5小题,每小题6分,共30分)36.阅读《我的世界观》中的一段文字,回答问题:

在人生的丰富多彩的表演中,我觉得真正可贵的,不是政治上的国家,而是有创造性的、有感情的个人,是人格;只有个人才能创造出高尚的和卓越的东西,而群众本身在思想上总是迟钝的,在感觉上也总是迟钝的。

A.这里所说的“个人”和“群众”各具怎样的特点? B.从这里可以看出爱因斯坦崇尚怎样的人格? C.这里运用了怎样的论证方法? 37.阅读《冯谖客孟尝君》中的一段文字,回答问题:

齐王闻之,君臣恐惧,遣太傅赍黄金千斤,文车二驷,服剑一,封书谢孟尝君曰:“寡人不祥,被于宗庙之祟,沉于谄谀之臣,开罪于君!寡人不足为也,愿君顾先王之宗庙,姑反国统万人乎!”冯谖诫孟尝君曰:“愿请先王之祭器,立宗庙于薛。”庙成,还报孟尝君曰:“三窟已就,君姑高枕为乐矣。” A.冯谖为孟尝君营造的第三窟指的是什么? B.冯谖基于何种考虑为孟尝君凿就这第三窟? C.指出文中使用的人物描写方法。

38.阅读《都江堰》中的一段文字,回答问题:

但是,人类总是缺乏自信,进进退退,走走停停,不断地自我耗损,又不断地为耗损而再耗损。结果,仅仅多了一点自信的李冰,倒成了人们心中的神。„„

我到边远地区看傩戏,对许多内容不感兴趣,特别使我愉快的是,傩戏中的水神河伯,换成了灌县李冰。傩戏中的水神李冰比二王庙中的李冰活跃得多,民众围着他狂舞呐喊,祈求有无数个都江堰带来全国的风调雨顺,水土滋润。傩戏本来都以神话开头的,有了一个李冰,神话走向实际,幽深的精神天国一下子贴近了大地,贴近了苍生。A.从题材上看,《都江堰》是一篇什么类型的散文? B.从全文来看,这段文字中“自我耗损”和“再耗损”指的是什么? C.“傩戏中的水神河伯,换成了灌县李冰”为什么使作者愉快? 39.阅读《长恨歌》中的一段,回答问题:

闻道汉家天子使,九华帐里梦魂惊。揽衣推枕起徘徊,珠箔银屏逦迤井。云鬓半偏新睡觉,花冠不整下堂来。风吹仙袂飘遥举,犹似霓裳羽衣舞。玉容寂寞泪阑干,梨花一枝春带雨。A.这段写出了杨太真怎样的情感? B.写出其中借行为举止抒情的诗句。C.“梨花一枝春带雨”喻指什么? 40.阅读《宝黛吵架》中的一段文字,回答问题:

谁知这个话传到宝玉黛玉二人耳内,他二人竟从来没有听见过“不是冤家不聚头”的这句俗话儿,如今忽然得了这句话,好似参禅的一般,都低着头细嚼这句话的滋味儿,不觉的潸然泪下。虽然不曾会面,却一个在潇湘馆临风洒泪,一个在怡红院对月长吁。正是“人居两地,情发一心”了。

A.这里所说的“冤家”是什么意思? B.此段文字表现宝黛怎样的心情? C.举例说明此段文字心理描写的特点。

五、作文题(30分)41.钱钟书《吃饭》一文说:“吃饭有时很像结婚,名义上最主要的东西,其实往往是附属品。吃讲究的饭事实上只是吃菜,正如讨阔佬的小姐,宗旨倒并不在女人。这种主权旁移,包含着一个转了弯的、不甚素朴的人生观。”请据此并结合社会现实,写一篇不少于800字的文章,题目自拟。除诗歌外,文体不限。

答案

一.单选题1~5:CABBD 6~10:CABBA 11~15:ADACA 16~20:DACBD 二.多选题 21.BCE 22.BCD 23.ADE 24.ABE 25.ABDE 三.词语解释题

26.天数,含规律之意 27.希望

28.下品、下等 29.营垒,此处用作动词,在„„扎营 30.接纳 32.不穿胡服 33.天地、大自然 33.叫人拿酒来 34.先前 35.如愿 四.简析题 36.A.“个人”的特点:“有创造性”、“有感情”;群众的特点:“迟钝”。B.崇尚有“卓越”创造性、“高尚”感情的人格。C.对比法

37.A.“请先王之祭器,立宗庙于薛;庙成”。

B.借宗族关系保护孟尝君,以宗庙之重巩固孟尝君封地。C.语言描写、行为描写。38.A.游记

B.战争(耗损);筑长城(再耗损)

C.反映民众由对神的崇拜改成对李冰为民造福的敬仰。39.A.震惊、激动、惶惑、悲楚、委屈(答出三点即可)B.“揽衣推枕起徘徊”,“花冠不整下堂来” C.杨太真泪流满面的形象

40.A.在这里,“冤家”是对所爱之人的反语昵称

B.一是借贾母所说的“不是冤家不聚头”的俗语,点明宝黛的吵架,实质上是爱得深挚的缘故;二是用“人居两地,情发一心”来点明宝黛吵架后,相爱之心却更加自觉

而真挚了。

C.刻画宝黛心里的方法:通过外部情态描写来“以外显内”;“好似参禅”、“低头细嚼”

“潸然泪下”、“临风洒泪”、“对月长吁”,都是外部情态描写。五.作文 41.(略)

九、全国2011年1月高等教育自学考试大学语文试题

一、单项选择题(本大题共20小题,每小题1分,共20分)

在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1.《秋水》中,“夏虫不可以语于冰者”的喻意是()A.人的认识受到时间的限制 B.人的认识受到空间的限制

C.人的认识受到先天素质的限制 D.人的认识受到后天教育的限制

2.《论毅力》中引用孔子的话说:“譬如为山,未成一篑,止,吾止也;譬如平地,虽复一篑,进,吾往也。”这里运用的论证方法是()A.例证法与演绎法 B.演绎法与类比法 C.类比法与对比法 D.对比法与例证法

3.罗素在《如何避免愚蠢的见识》中认为:当自己的见解证据不足时,克服偏见的最好方法是()

A.多听不同意见 B.克服狂妄自大心理

C.端正认知态度 D.摒弃自我中心主义

4.《张中丞传后叙》中所写拔刀断指、抽矢射塔的英雄人物是()A.张巡 B.许远

C.南霁云 D.贺兰进明

5.《种树郭橐驼传》用种树的“其置也若弃”类比治民要()A.让老百姓休养生息 B.让老百姓得到安置 C.对老百姓弃之不顾 D.对老百姓置之不理

6.《先妣事略》:“儿女大者攀衣,小者乳抱,手中纫缀不辍。”这段文字使用的人物描写方法是()A.肖像描写 B.语言描写 C.心理描写 D.细节描写

7.下列《马伶传》的语句中,属于场面描写的是()

A.金陵为明之留都,社稷百官皆在,而又当太平盛时,人易为乐 B.引商刻羽,抗坠疾徐,并称善也

C.坐客乃西顾而叹,或大呼命酒,或移坐更进之,首不复东 D.遍征金陵之贵客文人,与夫妖姬静女,莫不毕集

8.《秋夜》:“他的口角上现出微笑,似乎自以为大有深意,而将繁霜洒在我的园里的野花草上。”这里的“他”指代的是()A.枣树 B.蝴蝶 C.月亮 D.天空

9.下列散文中,熔叙事、抒情于一炉,思绪翻滚,情感浓烈的是()A.《秋夜》 B.《爱尔克的灯光》 C.《香市》 D.《都江堰》

10.《蚂蚁大战》的主题是()

A.人类应该保护自然,回归自然 B.战争给人类带来巨大的灾难 C.物竞天择,强者生存 D.前仆后继,奋不顾身才能取得胜利 11.作者在《湘夫人》中所流露的主要情感是()

A.对遭受排挤的愤懑 B.对流放遭遇的忧伤

C.对理想破灭的失望 D.对美好理想的追求

12.《陌上桑》中,罗敷拒绝使君“共载”的要求所表现的性格特征是()A.机智 B.坚贞 C.善良 D.豪爽

13.作品被誉为“诗史”的诗人是()A.杜甫 B.李白

C.白居易 D.杜牧

14.下列《长恨歌》的诗句中,妙用比喻手法,从而使所喻人物形神兼备的是()A.太液芙蓉未央柳 B.梨花一枝春带雨 C.在天愿作比翼鸟 D.宛转蛾眉马前死

15.柳永《八声甘州》中,融贯上下片的词语是()A.残照当楼 B.无语东流 C.登高临远 D.妆楼颙望

16.贺铸《鹧鸪天》“梧桐半死清霜后,头白鸳鸯失伴飞”所用的抒情方法是()A.借景抒情 B.借事抒情

C.借举止抒情 D.借比喻抒情

17.辛弃疾《摸鱼儿》上片所描绘的整体景象是()A.风雨交加 B.芳草拦路

C.春天归去 D.画檐蛛网

18.从抽象的角度看,《雨巷》中的“丁香姑娘”象征着()

A.恋人 B.忧愁 C.革命 D.理想

19.《红楼梦》中,《宝黛吵架》与其他篇章所用人物描写方法不同之处是:比较多地运用了()

A.行为描写 B.语言描写 C.心理描写 D.细节描写

20.《哦,香雪》中所描写的中心情节是()A.火车开进香雪的家乡 B.香雪跟旅客和和气气作买卖

C.“北京话”打开香雪的眼界 D.香雪爬上火车换取铅笔盒

二、多项选择题(本大题共5小题,每小题2分,共10分)在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选、少选或未选均无分。

21.下列作家中,对五四新文化运动作出了重要贡献的有()A.梁启超 B.胡适 C.朱光潜 D.鲁迅 E.钱钟书

22.下列《前赤壁赋》的语句中,表现作者乐观情绪的有()A.纵一苇之所如,凌万顷之茫然 B.寄蜉蝣于天地,渺沧海之一粟

C.渺渺兮予怀,望美人兮天一方

D.是造物者之无尽藏也,而吾与子之所共适 E.相与枕藉乎舟中,不知东方之既白

第五篇:自学考试真题:14-10红楼梦试卷及答案

2014

月江苏省高等教育自学考试答案

27038

红楼梦研究

一、单项选择题

1-5

CBAAD

6-10

CCCBC

11-15

CCCDB

二、填空题

16.增评补图石头记

17.焦大

18.列藏本

19.百科全书

20.蒋玉菡

21.神瑛侍者

22.红楼梦释真

23.西方美学批评理论

24.林如海

25.周瑞家的26.说尽诗书也枉然

27.花月痕

28.顾颉刚

29.柳湘莲

30.甄士隐

三、名词解释

31.脂评本:指附有脂砚斋评语的《红楼梦》抄本。主要有以下特点:

都是抄本;只有八十回;底本书名为《脂砚斋重评石头记》;附有大

量脂砚斋等人评语。

32.《芙蓉女儿诔》

33.红学评点派:是指我国的一种传统的小说评论方法,即在阅读小

说时,偶有所感,便写在书中相应的地方。或写在书头,叫眉批;或

写于行间,叫夹批;或写于回前回后等等。为《红楼梦》作评点者,被统称为“评点派”。

34.旧红学:指“五四”时期以前,有关《红楼梦》的评点、索隐与

题咏。其中以评点派最具代表性,贡献也最为卓著。

35.探轶学:根据脂批或其他一些材料,对后

回“轶稿”情节的探

求。

四、简答题

36.《红楼梦》的程本一般具有哪些特点?

答:一般有如下特点:

1.都是刻本;

2.都是一百二十回;

3.书名是《红楼梦》;

4.没有脂砚斋等人的评语。

37.贾宝玉的新思想主要体现在哪些方面?

答:宝玉的新思想:

第一,尊重人的价值。

第二,主张物为我所用。

第三,提倡女尊男卑思想。

38.简述《红楼梦》的矛盾主线。

答:从作品的具体内容来分析,贾宝玉、林黛玉叛逆性格的发展和叛

逆爱情的悲剧是全书的矛盾主线和全书艺术结构的中心。同时,有展

现了荣国府主要存在着三种矛盾:

(1)以贾宝玉、林黛玉为代表的具有初步民主思想的封建叛逆者,同以贾政、薛宝钗为代表的具有初步民主思想的封建叛逆者;

(2)以晴雯、鸳鸯等人为代表的被压迫的奴隶,同以贾母、贾政、王夫人、王熙凤等人为代表的封建统治阶级之间的矛盾;

(3)封建阶级内部的尔虞我诈、勾心斗角、争权夺利的矛盾。

39.举例说明《红楼梦》叙事艺术中“凝聚”的艺术特征。

40.为什么薛宝钗看上去显得世故而虚伪?

所谓世故,是指通晓人世的各种表面的社会价值规范下的潜在的规则,有人说社会贵则有两种,一种是公开出来的要求大家遵守的规则,一种是潜隐的虽然未曾公开,但是同样不能触犯的规则,宝钗

在处理事情时,就善于趋利避害,利用人心中、人性中潜在的各种东

西达到自己的目的。例如“滴翠亭杨妃戏彩蝶”嫁祸黛玉。

‚正因为宝钗实际上遵循的是潜隐着的规则,所以她表面上的温

柔敦厚就不能不是一种虚伪,在宝钗待人接物的处世哲学“不关已事

不开口,一问摇头三不知”之中,除了一切以自己的利益为目的的自

私之外,更重要的是把“己知”当作“不知”的虚伪,所以她的谦恭

与她实际上的才能、才华不相称,她的对人厌恶而表面仍然春风满面,就都是虚伪的最充分的表现。

五、论述题

41.小说后四十回一般认为是高鹗所续,这部分内容有哪些地方违背

了曹氏原意?

①“家道复初,兰桂齐芳”,抄没的家产被发还,革去的世职被恢

复,逮捕的贾赦、贾政被放还,贾兰和贾桂均飞黄腾达;

②宝玉中举,宝玉平生最讨厌仕途经济,写他中举有违人物性格逻

辑;

③有些任务结局描写不符合曹雪芹原意。例如王熙凤,其判词是“一

丛二令三人木,哭向金陵事更哀”,绝大多数人认为王熙凤被休,哭

向金陵娘家一说,可见“王熙凤历幻返金陵”的结局不合原意。

42.脂砚斋评宝玉为“今古未有之一人”,此语该何如理解?

43.以宝玉被打为例,谈谈小说是如何处理由某一事件点辐射出的多

条线索及其进展的。

答:辐射是指从生活现象的某个点出发,根据这一现象所维系的人际

关系网络和事情的线索,对生活进行延展性的相互联系的描绘。宝玉

挨打牵动了荣国府内诸多的人际关系。以宝玉的病床为中心,各路人

马都进行了积极的活动,例如袭人的活动、黛玉的试探、宝钗的探望

和王夫人的心事等。

①过细的鉴别每条线上的独特内涵,绝不让人物泛泛而谈,做一些游

离于性格逻辑之外的事情;例如花袭人和薛宝钗对宝玉挨打的看法。

②恰当的处理每一条线之间的联系,在必要的时候相互交叉,形成一

个新的、共同的“兴奋点”;例如王夫人和花袭人的谈话便是如此。

③分清主次,突出众多线头最重要的一条,使辐射中心所包含的思想

光彩显得更加夺目;例如作者始终没有忘记的一条线:宝黛爱情叛逆

性格和叛逆爱情的新动向。

④节外生枝,写好从某条线上滋生出来、有表现价值的新枝蔓。例如,宝钗认为薛蟠是宝玉挨打的重要嫌疑犯。

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