The Bell Tower Drum Tower and the City Well in Xian(西安城墙英文解说词)

第一篇：The Bell Tower Drum Tower and the City Well in Xian(西安城墙英文解说词)

The Bell Tower Drum Tower and the City Well in Xi‖an

Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen: Today we will have three places to visit—the Bell Tower the Drum Tower and the City Well.First we come to the Bell Tower.The Bell Tower, a classical building with carved beams and painted rafters, has been served as the symbol of Xi‖an.It stands in the center of the downtown area where the north street, the south street, the west street and the east street meet.And the tower house a huge bell which in ancient times was use to strike the time every morning.This is how the tower got its name.now it is an important historical monument in Shaanxi Province.The Bell tower was first built in Ying Xiang temple in 1384 during the Ming dynasty.It was moved to its present site in 1582 as a result of the city―s expansion program.Ladies and gentlemen, there is a story about the Bell Tower.It‖s said that the first emperor of Ming dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang , he was born in a poor family.Both his parent died when he was young, and he had to live a hard life.Later, he went to a temple to become a monk.When he ascended the throne, he was afraid of being deposed by someone of ‗real dragon‘.Therefore, he gave orders to build bell tower all over the county to repress the ‗dragon spirits‘.Xi‖an has been the imperial capital city since ancient times.So the ‗dragon spirits‘ must be very strong here.That‖s why the bell tower in Xi‖an was not only built earlier, but also bigger than the other ones in the country.The base of the tower is 1,337.4 square meters in size, 8.6 meters high and 35.5 meters wide.It was laid with blue bricks all over.The whole building is 36 meters above ground.It is a brick-and –wood structure.The eaves are supported by colored ‗dou gong‘ a traditional structural system in which brackets are used to join columns and crossbeams, the use of dou gong made the whole building firm and beautiful.Well, next we will visit the Drum Tower nearly.The Drum Tower stands 500 meters to the northwest of the Bell Tower.It was built in 1380.There used to be a huge drum in the tower, which told the time at dark, and that is how the tower got its present name.Besides marking the time, the drum was also used to give warnings to people in times of war.The base of The Drum Tower is 1,924 square meters in size, and 34 meters in height.It was built with blue bricks.The Drum Tower has a rectangular shape and shows tier and the outside eaves are decorated with networks of wood arches.At last, we will visit the famous city wall of Xi‖an.The most complete and the best preserved city wall in china.The city wall of Xi‖an is an extension of the prior Tang dynasty structure.It was stared in 1370 and finished in 1378 and has a rectangular –shaped construction.It is over 4 kilometers from the east to west and about 3 kilometers from the north to south.And the total length is 13.7 kilometers.It stands 12 meters high, 12-14 meters wide across the top and 15-18 meters thick at the button.On the top of the city wall, there is a rampart every 120 meters, which extends out from the main wall.The top of the rampart is at the same level as the top of the wall.The ramparts were built to allow soldiers to see those enemies who would try to climb up the wall.The distance between every two ramparts is just within the range of arrow shot from either side.This allowed soldiers to protect the entire wall without exposing themselves to the enemy.There are altogether 98 of them on the city wall and each has a sentry building on top of it.There are four main gates of the city wall-one on each side-named the east gate, the west gate, south gate and north gate.The four gates of the city wall were the only way to go into and out of town.In Xi‖an, each of the four gates consists of three gate towers.The main gate tower is called ZhengLou which is located on top of the main part of the city wall.It is the inner one and is also the main entrance to the city.Zha lou is the gate tower which a suspension bridge and located outside of the city wall.It‖s used to lift and lower the suspension bridge.Jian lou is the arrow tower and located in between the Zhenglou and Zhaloutowers.There are square windows in the front and on the two sides to shoot arrows.Jianlou and Zhenglou are connected by walls and the encircled area is called Wongcheng in which soldiers could be stationed.From Wongcheng, there are also horse passages leading to the top of the wall.There are altogether eleven horse passages around the city.A watch tower is located on each of the four corners of the wall.The one at the southwestern corner is round, probably after the model of the imperial city wall of the Tang dynasty.But the other three are square and are higher and larger than the sentry building on the ramparts.This shows the strategic importance of the corners of the city wall.All right, we have finished visiting the famous city wall of Xi‖an.Thank you.

第二篇：西安城墙英文导游词

西安城墙英文导游词

西安城墙是明朝出年在明太祖朱元璋的政策“高筑墙、广积粮、缓称王”的指导下，在唐皇城的基础上建成的。下面是西安城墙景点导游词，希望可以帮到大家。

篇一：西安城墙英文导游词

All visitors:

China has hundreds of ancient city wall, which with the biggest scale of ancient city wall in Beijing, Nanjing and Xi'an, but Beijing, the ancient city wall of Nanjing has been destroyed or badly damaged, and was founded in the year 1370 of ancient city wall of Xi'an so far are still intact.Japanese Emperor's visit to Xian, put “the eighth wonder of the world,” Qin terracotta pit can not, they boarded the 600 years ago Westgate tower built in the, a taste of the ancient city wall majestic appearance.Please follow me to visit the ancient city wall of Xi'an.For visitors, these days we have been in the garage or enjoy the sunset in the dawn of the ancient city walls are colorful and ancient deep.Now we come to the foot of the wall, please go to the city wall tour.You must want to know what the real meaning of the city wall is.The word “city wall” was originally derived from the word “city”.“City” according to the “Shuowen” explains, phonetic loan characters “Sheng”, “Sheng” is satisfied that the people, so the original meaning of the word “city” is soil around the people and country, which leads to the walls of righteousness.Known as the backbone of the Chinese nation's “the Great Wall city” Yu, is also the meaning of the wall.Just later with the development of society, the word “city” also contains the interpretation of today's city.“City” first appeared in the Zhou Dynasty of Jin Wenzhong, see the physical embodiment of the military use of the ancient city wall from the shape.Military role of walls is protecting private ownership, and in ideology, wall body size and patriarchal clan system strictly reflect.Obviously the ruler is to create the wall, use it to protect themselves, that paul.Now we see the walls of Xi'an, is one of the most famous Chinese wall construction history.It from the Ming Hong Wu for three years(year 1370)Zhu Yuanzhang, issued an edict to repair the city to start, to Hong Wu eleven years(1378 AD)completed, which lasted 8 years is in the capital of the Sui and Tang Dynasties on the basis of the imperial city building expansion and, after successive repairs, basically maintained complete feudal society the walls of the building appearance, reflecting the outstanding achievement of Chinese ancient fortification technology.Fellow tourists, then the city wall of Xi'an in the end how much it.Its structure is how? According to estimates, Xi'an city wall circumference of 11.9 kilometers, the east wall 2590 meters, west wall 2631.2 meters, south wall 3441.6 meters, north wall 3241 meters.Such a scale is relatively rare at home and abroad.We saw the walls built outside the four guard gates of the town, called the urn.The so-called urn, meaning for the enemy once inside, will be the Barbican wall above the attack from all sides, like bottled up, unable to escape.Wengcheng also built a guard in the town, called the goat horse.Ancient gate Kai has closed the stipulated time, shut the gate after has not been returned to town can be together with holding his sheep, drive the horses into the sheep in Oklahoma City and modern city park area rest, waiting to open the gates to the city.Xi'an city has been completely destroyed in the late Qing Dynasty in sheep.Remember in 1986 in Xi'an City Andingmen(Simon)Barbican outside the north about 17.5 meters place found sheep Oklahoma City on the north side of the doorway, 5.5 meters long, 2.4 meters wide.Now we can see the gate Wengcheng lateral repaired sheep Macheng, wall 198 meters long, 9.5 meters high.篇二：西安城墙英文导游词

First of all we visited is a magnificent momentum of the city wall of the Ming dynasty.The walls of our eyes are bright.Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang believes that “such as landscape solid, non storage by deep trenches and high ramparts, and not for security.” So from the Ming Hong Wu for three years(year 1370)Xiazhao repair the city commenced, took eight years to complete, is in the capital of the Sui and Tang Dynasties on the basis of the Imperial City, to the North East, each expansion of the 1 / 4 points to build a form today's walls.Now we see the city wall is a thing long, short and long rectangular, 13.79 km circumference, an area of 11.5 square kilometers.Is a function of careful design, form the magnificent military defense facilities.I will give you down respectively building structure of the various parts of both the one one walls were introduced:

First of all we see is the moat, also called the “moat”, it is the first line of defense to prevent the enemy attack.Across the moat only channel is our immediate suspension.The bridge in the past by the soldiers guard the gates in charge, they obey the command timing lifting morning bell and evening drum--reminders “.Once the war is coming, the bridge was high up, the whole city will become a closed fortress.Just a friend of mine asked where control of suspension bridge, this is what we are here to visit the gates of, the above is building gate, namely lift bridge between control.Shing Mun is a very important part of the defense facilities, so now, please follow me into the Shing Mun, to understand the walls of the other part of the.In fact, the perfect gate is composed of gate building, floor, watchtower.We see the outside is a building gate, lifting its most important role is to control the suspension bridge, and also has the night watchman role.Gate building is two story mount structure, although the form is very simple, but has a decisive role.This is the two line of defense of the city.In front of the building to see the watchtower.A total of 66 watchtower arrow window hole, the formation of the attack surface of a fan-shaped, but by window down killing the enemy soldiers.Between the gate and building the watchtower, the formation of the half space, we called the barbican.Its role is if the enemy invaded the gates into the urn, when attacked by 4 urn face condescending, like wengzhongzhuobie.We can see on the opposite side of the building is building, it is the innermost layer of the wall of building construction.Is building form style chongyanxieshan, he took command of the garrison is wartime command.The tall gate, the gate is the struggle between the two sides fighting the weak link, is also the ruler built defense key.Built in the Ming Dynasty wall, attaches great importance to the defense function of gate.Where they have a very high technological breakthrough, breaking the began in the Western Han Dynasty follows the 1500 year old ”lintel“ Gates, the biggest drawback is the fire attack, so there is ”gates of fire, disaster and later Fish“ story.Ming Dynasty city gate the coupons arch openings, can effectively resist incendiary attacks, so greatly improve the defense ability of the walls.Xi'an city wall door from top to lower transverse hoop 9 width 15 cm of iron bars, the 1800 mushroom nailing, strengthen the intensity of the door leaf, make arrows cannot be launched into the door, so as to strengthen the attack against the gates of.This is the third line of the city wall.We can see a few words Yongning gate gate.In the Ming city wall of Xi'an East, West, North and south each have a city gate.South Gate, Yongning gate, mean south is Vulcan is located, is not to fire prayer, fires, eternal peace.East Gate of Changle gate, Hetuvidya capital city, Nanjing is located in the east of Xi'an, the word ”Changle“ with prayer wish Daming Jiangshan million years is not bad, long happy desire.Simon to Andingmen, suggesting that western frontier Aetna Kangding.The north gate of ANN Town, northern frontier means long-term stability, not war.Now we have to climb the wall, to feel his magnificent momentum.The bottom wall with lime, loess, glutinous rice juice and stir ramming, after drying, as hard as stone.The history of the wall had several repairs, two of the most famous.The first is in Ming Longqing 2002(1568 AD), at the Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang worshiped at the bottom of the wall top surface and an external wall are package to build the brick make the walls look magnificent and majestic.During the reign of the Qing Dynasty, at the Shaanxi governor, Bi Yuan and the walls were large-scale maintenance, reinforcement, will brick package thickening, the laying of sea of plaster, and upgrading the drainage system.The top of the walls on the plane is a sea of plaster, it is raised the city soldiers puta will channel, with tabia bottom covered with two layers of bricks and into, can be convenient to the city traffic and prevent water infiltration.Sea of plaster from outside to inside is 5 degrees of inclination, the rain quickly into the city inside the gutters, effectively protect the wall are not immersed in water to protect the wall.Walls of each separated by 40-60 meters a sink.They masonry structure, attached on the inside walls, direct from the top of the wall to wall, communicated and ditches.Xi'an city wall is preserved, the complete drainage system has played a significant role.In order to ensure soldiers and chariot safe walking in the city, at the top of the wall built along the wall yu.In order to facilitate observation, and on the outer edge of the building wall.Square hole in the wall at the bottom of the eye is also called hanging out, a glimpse of soldiers shooting place.A solid pier projecting along the outer wall called the Barbican, commonly known as navodon.On the wall a total of 98.The towers are 120 meters apart, the distance and the weapons of the past are related, the midpoint of 120 meters is 60 meters

篇三：西安城墙景点简介

Xi'an is located in the downtown area, rectangular, wall 12 meters high, 18 meters wide at the bottom, top width of 15 meters, 2590 meters long west east wall, south wall wall of 2631.2 meters long, 3441.6 meters long, the north wall is 3241 meters long, the total circumference of 11.9 km.There are four gate: East Gate of Changle, Xi'an door, South Yongning gate, north of the town, each of the Shing Mun are by the watchtower and the tower.The existing walls built in the Ming Hong Wu seven years to 11 years 1374-1378, has been 600 years of history, is China's most complete extant ancient walls of buildings.Xi'an city wall is the Ming Dynasty the years in policy of Zhu Yuanzhang ”high walls, wide accumulate grain, slow the guidance of kings“ under, built on the basis of the Tang imperial.Completely around the ”defense" strategy system is greater than the thickness of the wall height, solid as a mountain, the top of the wall and practicing sports can.Walls include moat, drawbridge, building gate, watchtower, is buildings, towers, fortresses, parapet, forts and other a series of military facilities.Since the completion of the wall after three major renovations.Longqing two years(1568), Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang Zhi presided over the restoration of Tucheng first into brick city;Qing Emperor Qianlong 46 years(1781), Shaanxi governor, Bi source host on the walls and towers were renovated;since 1983, in Shaanxi Province and Xi'an Municipal People's Government of the city wall the large-scale renovation, construction has been the demolition of the east gate, north gate of the watchtower, on the South Gate building, suspension bridge, and built around the park, so that this ancient building glow in the old style, has become a tourist attraction for visitors in Xi'an.

第三篇：西安城墙英文导游词

西安城墙又称西安明城墙，是中国现存规模最大、保存最完整的古代城垣，是第一批全国重点文物保护单位、国家AAAA级旅游景区。广义的西安城墙包括西安唐城墙和西安明城墙，但一般特指狭义上的西安明城墙。下面是小编带来的西安城墙景点导游词，希望可以帮到大家。西安城墙英文导游词篇一

China has hundreds of ancient city wall, which with the biggest scale of ancient city wall in Beijing, Nanjing and Xi'an, but Beijing, the ancient city wall of Nanjing has been destroyed or badly damaged, and was founded in the year 1370 of ancient city wall of Xi'an so far are still intact.Japanese Emperor's visit to Xian, put “the eighth wonder of the world,” Qin terracotta pit can not, they boarded the 600 years ago Westgate tower built in the, a taste of the ancient city wall majestic appearance.Please follow me to visit the ancient city wall of Xi'an.For visitors, these days we have been in the garage or enjoy the sunset in the dawn of the ancient city walls are colorful and ancient deep.Now we come to the foot of the wall, please go to the city wall tour.Fellow tourists, then the city wall of Xi'an in the end how much it.Its structure is how? According to estimates, Xi'an city wall circumference of 11.9 kilometers, the east wall 2590 meters, west wall 2631.2 meters, south wall 3441.6 meters, north wall 3241 meters.Such a scale is relatively rare at home and abroad.We saw the walls built outside the four guard gates of the town, called the urn.The so-called urn, meaning for the enemy once inside, will be the Barbican wall above the attack from all sides, like bottled up, unable to escape.Wengcheng also built a guard in the town, called the goat horse.Ancient gate Kai has closed the stipulated time, shut the gate after has not been returned to town can be together with holding his sheep, drive the horses into the sheep in Oklahoma City and modern city park area rest, waiting to open the gates to the city.Xi'an city has been completely destroyed in the late Qing Dynasty in sheep.Remember in 1986 in Xi'an City Andingmen(Simon)Barbican outside the north about 17.5 meters place found sheep Oklahoma City on the north side of the doorway, 5.5 meters long, 2.4 meters wide.Now we can see the gate Wengcheng lateral repaired sheep Macheng, wall 198 meters long, 9.5 meters high.

Xi'an is located in the downtown area, rectangular, wall 12 meters high, 18 meters wide at the bottom, top width of 15 meters, 2590 meters long west east wall, south wall wall of 2631.2 meters long, 3441.6 meters long, the north wall is 3241 meters long, the total circumference of 11.9 km.There are four gate: East Gate of Changle, Xi'an door, South Yongning gate, north of the town, each of the Shing Mun are by the watchtower and the tower.Xi'an city wall is the Ming Dynasty the years in policy of Zhu Yuanzhang “high walls, wide accumulate grain, slow the guidance of kings” under, built on the basis of the Tang imperial.Completely around the “defense” strategy system is greater than the thickness of the wall height, solid as a mountain, the top of the wall and practicing sports can.Walls include moat, drawbridge, building gate, watchtower, is buildings, towers, fortresses, parapet, forts and other a series of military facilities.Since the completion of the wall after three major renovations.Longqing two years(1568), Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang Zhi presided over the restoration of Tucheng first into brick city;Qing Emperor Qianlong 46 years(1781), Shaanxi governor, Bi source host on the walls and towers were renovated;since 1983, in Shaanxi Province and Xi'an Municipal People's Government of the city wall the large-scale renovation, construction has been the demolition of the east gate, north gate of the watchtower, on the South Gate building, suspension bridge, and built around the park, so that this ancient building glow in the old style, has become a tourist attraction for visitors in Xi'an.

First of all we visited is a magnificent momentum of the city wall of the Ming dynasty.The walls of our eyes are bright.Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang believes that “such as landscape solid, non storage by deep trenches and high ramparts, and not for security.” Now we see the city wall is a thing long, short and long rectangular, 13.79 km circumference, an area of 11.5 square kilometers.Is a function of careful design, form the magnificent military defense facilities.I will give you down respectively building structure of the various parts of both the one one walls were introduced:

First of all we see is the moat, also called the “moat”, it is the first line of defense to prevent the enemy attack.Across the moat only channel is our immediate suspension.The bridge in the past by the soldiers guard the gates in charge, they obey the command timing lifting morning bell and evening drum--reminders “.Once the war is coming, the bridge was high up, the whole city will become a closed fortress.Just a friend of mine asked where control of suspension bridge, this is what we are here to visit the gates of, the above is building gate, namely lift bridge between control.Shing Mun is a very important part of the defense facilities, so now, please follow me into the Shing Mun, to understand the walls of the other part of the.In fact, the perfect gate is composed of gate building, floor, watchtower.We see the outside is a building gate, lifting its most important role is to control the suspension bridge, and also has the night watchman role.Gate building is two story mount structure, although the form is very simple, but has a decisive role.This is the two line of defense of the city.In front of the building to see the watchtower.A total of 66 watchtower arrow window hole, the formation of the attack surface of a fan-shaped, but by window down killing the enemy soldiers.The tall gate, the gate is the struggle between the two sides fighting the weak link, is also the ruler built defense key.Built in the Ming Dynasty wall, attaches great importance to the defense function of gate.Where they have a very high technological breakthrough, breaking the began in the Western Han Dynasty follows the 1500 year old ”lintel“ Gates, the biggest drawback is the fire attack, so there is ”gates of fire, disaster and later Fish“ story.Ming Dynasty city gate the coupons arch openings, can effectively resist incendiary attacks, so greatly improve the defense ability of the walls.Xi'an city wall door from top to lower transverse hoop 9 width 15 cm of iron bars, the 1800 mushroom nailing, strengthen the intensity of the door leaf, make arrows cannot be launched into the door, so as to strengthen the attack against the gates of.This is the third line of the city wall.We can see a few words Yongning gate gate.In the Ming city wall of Xi'an East, West, North and south each have a city gate.South Gate, Yongning gate, mean south is Vulcan is located, is not to fire prayer, fires, eternal peace.East Gate of Changle gate, Hetuvidya capital city, Nanjing is located in the east of Xi'an, the word ”Changle" with prayer wish Daming Jiangshan million years is not bad, long happy desire.Simon to Andingmen, suggesting that western frontier Aetna Kangding.The north gate of ANN Town, northern frontier means long-term stability, not war.Now we have to climb the wall, to feel his magnificent momentum.The bottom wall with lime, loess, glutinous rice juice and stir ramming, after drying, as hard as stone.The history of the wall had several repairs, two of the most famous.The first is in Ming Longqing 2002(1568 AD), at the Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang worshiped at the bottom of the wall top surface and an external wall are package to build the brick make the walls look magnificent and majestic.During the reign of the Qing Dynasty, at the Shaanxi governor, Bi Yuan and the walls were large-scale maintenance, reinforcement, will brick package thickening, the laying of sea of plaster, and upgrading the drainage system.The top of the walls on the plane is a sea of plaster, it is raised the city soldiers puta will channel, with tabia bottom covered with two layers of bricks and into, can be convenient to the city traffic and prevent water infiltration.Sea of plaster from outside to inside is 5 degrees of inclination, the rain quickly into the city inside the gutters, effectively protect the wall are not immersed in water to protect the wall.Walls of each separated by 40-60 meters a sink.They masonry structure, attached on the inside walls, direct from the top of the wall to wall, communicated and ditches.Xi'an city wall is preserved, the complete drainage system has played a significant role.In order to ensure soldiers and chariot safe walking in the city, at the top of the wall built along the wall yu.In order to facilitate observation, and on the outer edge of the building wall.Square hole in the wall at the bottom of the eye is also called hanging out, a glimpse of soldiers shooting place.A solid pier projecting along the outer wall called the Barbican, commonly known as navodon.On the wall a total of 98.The towers are 120 meters apart, the distance and the weapons of the past are related, the midpoint of 120 meters is 60 meters.

第四篇：西安城墙导游词

西安城墙是我国中世纪机后期历史上最著名的城垣之一，也是我国古代城垣中至今保存最完整的一处，下面是关于西安城墙导游词范文的内容，欢迎阅读！西安城墙导游词

大家早上好！欢迎大家来到古城西安，很高兴认识大家，我是你们本次的导游，我叫许晨轩，大家叫我许导或晨轩就可以了。下面让我们开始西安古城墙之旅吧！

首先，我给大家简单介绍一下西安古城墙，西安古城墙又称为西安明城墙，位于陕西省西安市中心区，墙高12米，顶宽12-14米，底宽15-18米，轮廓呈封闭的长方形，周长13.74千米。城墙内人们习惯称为古城区，面积11.32平方千米，著名的西安钟鼓楼就位于古城中心。

请大家紧跟我不要掉队，我们前面的是城墙的主城门，像这样的城门共有四座：我们面前的长乐门（东门）；还有永宁门（南门）；安定门（西门），安远门（北门）。它们四座城门作为明城墙的原有城门，因当时的军事，防御需要，都是单门洞，且都修建了三道城墙，两道城墙之间又形成了翁城。至今为止，四座城门中除永宁门外，其余三座城门都只剩下两道城墙。

好了，下面是大家自由活动的时间，请大家一个小时后在这里集合。

本次游览结束，感谢大家对我工作的支持，谢谢大家，祝大家身体健康，万事如意，以后有缘再见。

西安城墙，是古都西安的标志性景观。现存的城墙建于明朝初年，是中国现存最完整的古城墙。城墙总周长约14公里，是在唐代皇城的基础上建成的，包括护城河、角楼等一系列设施。

目前西安城墙共有八处可以登城，分别是：东门(长乐门)、南门(永宁门)、西门(安定门)、北门(安远门)、含光门、文昌门、和平门、尚德门，游客可以就近登城。其中南门是西安城的迎宾门，也是游客选择最多登城的一个门。

除了步行，在城墙上骑自行车是一种很不错的游览方式，在骑行中，你会有一种时光穿越的感觉。目前在东、南、西、北等四门都有租借自行车服务，骑行结束后在上述任一门都可以返还自行车(景区规定会有变化，建议租借时再咨询确定)。同时这四个门还提供观光车环绕服务，你可以乘坐观光电动车，在城墙上绕城一圈，全程约50分钟。

在西安城墙游览，还有机会观赏到一些特有的演出活动，如仿古开城仪式展演、城墙民俗展演，演出地点都在南门，具体演出时间可参照网站或电话咨询。

敌台明代扩建后的西安城墙，每隔120米修敌台一座，突出在城墙之外，顶与城墙面平，是专为射杀爬城的敌人设置的。敌台之间距离的一半，恰好在弓箭的有效射程之内，便于从侧面射杀攻城的敌人。城墙上共有敌台98座，上面都建有驻兵的敌楼。正楼(城楼)、箭楼、闸楼冷兵器时代武器落后，城门又是唯一的出入通道，因而这里是守城者苦心经营的防御重点。西安城东、西、南、北四座城门，分别有正楼、箭楼、闸楼三重城楼。闸楼在最外，其作用是升降吊桥;箭楼在中，正面和两侧设有方形窗口，供射箭用;正楼在最里面，是城的正门。角楼西安城墙四角都有突出城外的角台。除西南角是圆形(可能是为了保持唐皇城转角原状)外，其它的角台都是方形的。角台上修有比敌台更为高大的“角楼”，表明了这里在战争中的重要地位。

第五篇：西安城墙的故事

西安城墙的故事

西安城墙位于西安市中心区，是明代初年在唐长安城的皇城基础上建筑起来的，呈长方形，墙高12米，底宽18米，顶宽15米，东墙长2590米，西墙长2631.2米，南墙长3441.6米，北墙长3241米，总周长11.9公里。有城门四座：东长乐门，西安定门，南永宁门，北安远门，每个城门都由箭楼和城楼组成。现存城墙建于明洪武七年到十一年(1374-1378)，至今已有600多年历史，是中世纪后期中国历史上最著名的城垣建筑之一，是中国现存最完整的一座古代城垣建筑。

早在明王朝建立前，当朱元璋攻克徽州后，一个名叫朱升的隐士便告诉他应该“高筑墙，广积粮，缓称王”。朱元璋采纳了这些建议。当全国统一后，他便命令各府县普遍筑城。朱元璋以为“天下山川，唯秦中号为险固”。西安古城垣就是在这个建城的热潮中，由都督濮英主持，在唐皇城旧城基础上扩建起来。

明代扩建后的西安城墙高12米，顶宽12-14米，底宽15-18米，周长约13.7公里。城墙每隔120米修敌台一座，突出在城墙之外，顶与城墙面平。这是专为射杀爬城的敌人设置的。敌台之间距离的一半，恰好在弓箭的有效射程之内，便于从侧面射杀攻城的敌人。城墙上共有敌台98座，上面都建有驻兵的敌楼。

古代武器落后，城门又是唯一的出入通道，因而这里是封建统治者苦心经营的防御重点。西安城东、西、南、北四座城门，分别有正楼、箭楼、闸楼三重城门。闸楼在最外，其作用是升降吊桥，箭楼在中，正面和两侧设有方形窗口，供射箭用。正楼在最里，是城的正门。箭楼与正楼之间用围墙连接，叫瓮城，是屯兵的地方。瓮城中还有通向城头的马道，缓上无台阶，便于战马上下。全城还建有马道11处。城墙四角都有突出城外的角台。除西南角是圆形，可能是保持唐皇城转角原状外，其它都是方形。角台上修有较敌台更为高大的角楼，表明了这里在战争中的重要地位。

城墙上外侧筑有雉堞，又称垛墙，共5984个，上有垛口，可射箭和瞭望。内侧矮墙称为女墙，无垛口，以防兵士往来行走时跌下。

最初的西安城墙完全用黄土分层夯打而成，最底层用土、石灰和糯米汁混合夯打，异常坚硬。后来又将整个城墙内外壁及顶部砌上青砖。城墙顶部每隔40-60米有一道用青砖砌成的水槽，用于排水，对西安古城墙的长期保护起了非常重要的作用。

城四周环绕着又宽又深的城河，正对城门处设有可以随时起落的吊桥。吊桥一升起，进出城的通路便被截断。