第一篇:大学英语四级考试新题型预测卷(三)
大学英语四级考试新题型预测卷
(三)Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic of My View on Online Promotion.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1.网络促销形式多种多样; 2.你对此有什么看法?
My View on Online Promotion 注意:此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Part ⅡListening Comprehension(30 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C)and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
1.A)Going to the football game.B)Watching television.C)Nothing right now.D)Studying.2.A)9:00
B)9:10
C)9:20
D)9:30
3.A)Because she is sick.B)Because she has to work.C)Because she has to go to the International Students Association.D)Because she does not want to go.4.A)The students will be attending the meeting.B)The teacher postponed the meeting.C)There wont be a test this afternoon.D)The students took a math test that afternoon.5.A)There was nothing wrong with the old one.B)They hadn’t enough money to buy it.C)The washing machine is more expensive than the racing bicycle.D)They both wanted to buy a racing bicycle.6.A)She doesn’t usually get calls here.B)She wants a telephone of her own.C)She is looking for a new place to work.D)She doesn’t know the man’s name.7.A)He isn’t sure.B)He well go by train.C)He well go by plane.D)He well go by bus.8.A)He wanted a job.B)He’s very important.C)He has important evidence.D)He wanted to make a good impression.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A)The woman’s husband.B)The owner of the apartment.C)The apartment manager.D)The tenant who occupies the apartment now.10.A)One.B)Two.C)Three.D)Four.11.A)Because she thought the apartment was too small.B)Because it was the first apartment she had seen.C)Because the rent was too high.D)Because her husband had not seen it.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12.A)Three.B)Four.C)Five.D)Six.13.A)It was given in notes.B)It was given verbally.C)The topics of the assignment were written on the board.D)The topics were printed on the handouts.14.A)Because the woman has a moral objection.B)Because the woman didn’t write down all of it.C)Because the woman never takes notes.D)Because the woman remembers it well enough.15.A)Because he is interested in the subject.B)Because he has already written a paper on it.C)Because he doesn’t know anything about it.D)Because it is very abstract.Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。Passage One Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A)The influence of Japan on American society.B)The influence of the US on Japanese society.C)The mixing of two cultures seen in both societies.D)Disney characters in Japan.17.A)American food.B)Japanese food.C)The brand of a Japanese car.D)A name of one of the Disney’s famous characters.18.A)It’s about Japanese history.B)It’s about the restaurants under the sea.C)It’s about the famous Disney characters under the sea.D)It’s about the scene at the bottom of the sea around Japan.Passage Two Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A)Fifty people were killed.B)A lot of people were injured.C)Nothing was damaged.D)Properties worth more than 50,000 dollars were lost.20.A)Someone deliberately put explosives in the laboratory.B)Gas leaked from underneath into the laboratory.C)The authorities were not anxious to better the laboratory conditions.D)Some dangerous chemicals started the explosion.21.A)The defects in gas pipes should have been found and repaired, and the laboratory inspected regularly.B)The university should have more responsible person on holiday.C)The laboratory should have been used every day.D)There should have been a warning system.Passage Three Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A)It resembles the biological virus.B)It works the same way as the human virus.C)It influences the human as the biological viruses do.D)It spreads to people who use the infected computers.23.A)They invade the computer and make it a place for manufacturing.B)They spread throughout the whole system by quickly copying themselves.C)They infect the hard disc and the whole system.D)They spread viruses inside the computer system.24.A)It is a virus that causes great damage.B)It is a virus that once infected the IBM’s computer system.C)It is a virus that carries a Christmas greeting.D)It is a virus that causes no harm to the computer systems.25.A)It can cause no damages at all.B)It can cause damages to the computer systems.C)It can copy your files in computers.D)It can format your hard drive.Section C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
It is interesting how NASA chose their astronauts for landing them on the moon.They chose men between the ages of twenty and thirty-five.There were about fifty of them.Many of them were(26)
air pilots and others were scientists.NASA(27)
each man they were going to choose;told him the plans and the(28)
they might get in.And they then asked him if he was(29)
to train as an astronaut.“How could any man refuse such an exciting(30)
?”One of them said, “Dangerous? Of course, it is dangerous, but most exciting!”The health and physical condition of the men were, of course, very important.Only those in very good health and physical condition were(31)
.While training to be astronauts, they went through many(32)
.They studied the stars and the moon, and they also studied(33), the science of rocks.This was necessary because astronauts would have to look for rocks on the moon.They would try to find rocks which might help to tell the age of the moon.They were all trained to fly in helicopters.These helicopters(34)
to give the men some experience of the way the spaceship would actually land on the moon.They were also taught all the known facts about conditions in space.They learned all the(35)
of the spaceships and rockets.They learned how every part of a spaceship and its instruments work.They also learned every detail of the ground control system.Part ⅢReading Comprehension(40 minutes)Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.When you are sick, you often call a doctor.But if you have a very sick book, you might call Henry Richardson, a 36 bookbinder, who gives new life to old books that are yellowed and damaged.Many of these sick books are 37;some may be the only copies still existing.Henry Richardson has saved the lives of many books.He works with them very 38, as though he were touching a young baby.The first step is to wash the pages.Richardson removes the old book cover, 39 the pages, and places each one in water.Richardson fixes these while they are still wet, placing each one on a heavy piece of glass.The washed pages are now white and 40 repaired.They are 41 from the glass and placed between pieces of paper to dry.After drying, the pages are placed together again in the 42 book cover.Sometimes only the front and back parts of the old cover can be used with new pieces added to hold them together.Sometimes it is 43 to make a whole new cover.The final step is to return the stronger and cleaner 44 15th or 16th century book to the library so that once again it can be read with 45.For Henry Richardson this is the best and happiest part of his job—seeing sick books become well and useful again.“After all,” he says, “what is the use of a book if you cant read it?”
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
A)opportunities
B)renewed
C)perfectly
D)replaced
E)gently F)original
G)alternative
H)unknown
I)separates
J)necessary K)professional
L)unique
M)removed
N)pleasure
O)gracefully Section B Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Female Power [A]The economic empowerment of women throughout the developed world is one of the most remarkable revolutions of the past 50 years.It is remarkable because of the extent of the change: millions of people who were once dependent on men have taken control of their own economic fates.It is remarkable also because it has produced so little friction: a change that affects the most intimate aspects of people’s identities has been widely welcomed by men as well as women.*B+The rich world has seen a growing demand for women’s labour, and the demand has been matched by supply: women are increasingly willing and able to work outside the home.The vacuum cleaner has played its part.Improved technology reduced the amount of time needed for the traditional female work of cleaning and cooking.[C]The expansion of higher education has also boosted job prospects for women, improving their value on the job market and shifting their role models from stay at home mothers to successful professional women.In 1963, 62% of college educated women in the United States were in the labour force, compared with 46% of those with a high school diploma.Today 80% of American women with a college education are in the labour force compared with 67% of those with a high school diploma and 47% of those without one.[D]One of the most surprising things about this revolution is how little overt(公开的)celebration it has engendered.Most people welcome the change.But few are cheering.This is partly because young women take their opportunities for granted.It is partly because for many women work represents economic necessity rather than liberation.The rich world’s growing army of single mothers have little choice but to work.A growing proportion of married women have also discovered that the only way they can preserve their households living standards is to join their husbands in the labour market.In America families with stay at home wives have the same inflation adjusted income as similar families did in the early 1970s.But the biggest reason is that the revolution has brought plenty of problems in its wake.*E+One obvious problem is that women’s rising aspirations have not been fulfilled.They have been encouraged to climb onto the occupational ladder only to discover that the middle rungs are dominated by men and the upper rungs are out of reach.Only 2% of the bosses of Fortune 500 companies and five of those in the FTSE 100 stockmarket index are women.Women make up less than 13% of board members in America.In America and Britain the typical full time female worker earns only about 80% as much as the typical male.[F]This no doubt owes something to prejudice.But the biggest reason why women remain frustrated is more profound: many women are forced to choose between motherhood and careers.Childless women in corporate America earn almost as much as men.Mothers with partners earn less and single mothers much less.The cost of motherhood is particularly steep for fast track women.Traditionally “female” jobs such as teaching mix well with motherhood because wages do not rise much with experience and hours are relatively light.But at successful firms wages rise steeply and schedules are demanding.Future bosses are expected to have worked in several departments and countries.Professional services firms have an up or out system which rewards the most dedicated with lucrative(有利可图的)partnerships.The reason for the income gap may thus be the opposite of prejudice.It is that women are judged by exactly the same standards as men.*G+This Hobson’s choice(无选择余地)is imposing a high cost on both individuals and society.Many women reject motherhood entirely for their career.Some choose not to work at all, representing a loss to collective investment in talent.But a choice must be made.A study of graduates of the University of Chicago’s Booth School of Business by Marianne Bertrand and her colleagues found that, ten to 16 years after graduating, just over half of those who had chosen to have children were working full time.About a quarter were working part time and just under a quarter had left the labour force.It also leaves many former high flyers frustrated.[H]Even well off parents worry that they spend too little time with their children, thanks to crowded schedules and the ever buzzing BlackBerry.For poorer parents, juggling(试图保持平衡)the twin demands of work and child rearing can be a nightmare.Child care eats a terrifying proportion of the family budget, and many childminders are untrained.But quitting work to look after the children can mean financial disaster.British children brought up in two parent families where only one parent works are almost three times more likely to be poor than children with two parents at work.[I]The corporate world is doing ever more to address the loss of female talent and the difficulty of combining work with child care.Many elite companies are rethinking their promotion practices.Addleshaw Goddard, a law firm, has created the role of legal director as an alternative to partnerships for women who want to combine work and motherhood.Ernst & Yong and other accounting firms have increased their efforts to maintain connections with women who take time off to have children and then ease them back into work.[J]Home working is increasingly fashionable.More than 90% of companies in Germany and Sweden allow flexible working.A growing number of firms are learning to divide the working week in new ways—judging staff on annual rather than weekly hours, allowing them to work nine days a fortnight, letting them come in early or late and allowing husbands and wives to share jobs.Almost half of Sun Microsystem’s employees work at home or from nearby satellite offices.[K]Faster change is likely as women exploit their economic power.Many talented women are already hopping(离开)off the corporate treadmill to form companies that better meet their needs.In the past decade the number of privately owned companies started by women in America has increased twice as fast as the number owned by men.Women owned companies employ more people than the largest 500 companies combined.Eden McCallum and Axiom Legal have applied a network model to their respective fields of management consultancy and legal service: network members work when it suits them and the companies use their scale to make sure that clients have their problems dealt with immediately.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
46.A number of women give up motherhood completely for their career.47.The biggest obstacle for many women to climb on the top of their career is their responsibility of looking after children.48.The corporate world is making more effort to address the difficulty of combining work with child care.49.Women are encouraged to pursue professional goals, but their desire to reach the upper ranks is hard to meet.50.The job prospects for women have been raised thanks to the progress of technology.51.The economic empowerment of women across the rich world is considered remarkable partly in that it brings economic independence to millions of women.52.Many talented women start their own companies to better meet their requirements.53.The economic empowerment of women across the rich world gets little visible celebration.54.Working at home is becoming more and more popular.55.It is even harder for the poor parents to balance work and childrearing.Section C Directions: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Perhaps no single monument in the USA is as famous as the Statue of Liberty.Standing on a small island in New York Harbor, the crowned lady, holding aloft in her right hand the torch of freedom and in her left hand a tablet which is inscribed “July 4th, 1776”, is a symbol of American democracy.She is colossal.She is 151 ft.high and the pedestal on which she stands is almost as much.An elevator takes visitors to the top of the pedestal, around which a balcony runs.A spiral staircase(楼梯间)goes up to the crown, and another to the torch.The Statue of Liberty was a gift to the USA from France in 1886, as a mark of friendship and also in memory of the aid France gave the Americans during the American Revolution.For millions of immigrants, the Statue was their first sight of the promised land, and for a few it was also the last, as they sailed back home again.About a mile from Liberty Island, there is another small island, called Ellis Island, which was looked upon with dread by the immigrants.For it was here that they had to wait their turn to be examined by doctors and officials.Most of the immigrants could not speak a word of English.But only two out of 100 immigrants were refused admission to New York City.Often the person refused turned out to be a grandmother or a weary, frightened girl mistakenly labeled “feebleminded”(低能的).Sometimes husbands and wives were parted because one of them happened to have a bad cough and was suspected of having tuberculosis(结核病).New York City was a bitter disillusionment(幻想破灭)to some immigrants.Far from being a city paved with gold, it was a city teeming with overcrowded, unhealthy and unsafe ghettos.The immigrants looked for earlier immigrants of their own nationality or religion.So Italian, Polish, Irish, Jewish neighborhoods grew up.Because they could not speak English, the newcomers found it difficult to get work at once, and their living quarters were of ten slums.However, they found in the USA opportunities of bettering themselves.Today immigrants no longer have to endure the indignities of Ellis Island.The grim buildings were closed down in 1924.In 1976, Ellis Island became an historic monument.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
56.Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A)Statue of Liberty.B)Gateway to the USA.C)Ellis Island.D)Immigrants of the USA.57.What is the possible meaning of the word “colossal”? A)miniature.B)colorful.C)enormous.D)beautiful.58.Why did immigrants looked upon Ellis Island with dread? A)Because they might be denied admission to the USA.B)Because they could not speak a word of English.C)Because husbands and wives might be recognized.D)Because they were suspected.59.What is implied in paragraph 4? A)New York City was paved with gold.B)Immigrants of the same nationality or religion lived in the same buildings.C)Immigrants lived everywhere.D)Some immigrants were disappointed at New York City.60.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A)The Statue of Liberty was a gift from France.B)The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American freedom and individualism.C)The Statue of Liberty is the monument in the USA.D)The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American democracy.Passage Two Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Negotiations between the United States and Canada over air pollution may put the American government at odds with another ally.The Canadians are quietly but firmly preparing to take up an opponent role in protecting their air quality.They want to press American to join with Canada in limiting sulfur(硫)and nitrogen(氮)emissions, which contribute to acid rain.US officials have resisted, saying that the scientific data are too weak to justify the enforcement of tough new air pollution controls.Much work has been done already at the technical level.Several groups of US and Canadian scientists agreed on and published seconddraft documents before the June diplomatic meeting.The third, that is, the final draft was nearly completed this year when, according to the Canadian side, the American government replaced some technical members with new experts who disagreed with the wording.Now, eight months after the final documents were due, most of the disagreements have been smoothed over.However, one critical group, the committee reporting on the impacts of acid rain, still has not come to an agreement.The problem is that the Canadians would like to specify a maximum tolerable “loading” of pollutant in the atmosphere.The US delegates argue that there is no scientific basis for setting limits, despite the fact that earlier drafts did just that.The group plans one last meeting in September to try to resolve differences, but a compromise may not be achievable.There are signs that the Canadians will adopt their scientific text as the nexttothefinal draft, the one agreed by both sides before the new American team arrived.That paper specified a yearly loading target of 11 kilograms of wet sulfate(硫酸盐)per hectare(公顷)of surface water, equivalent to 50 to 80 percent or so of present emission, according to one recent estimate.Apart from this, the Canadians have said in diplomatic meetings that they would like a “significant” reduction of sulfur dioxide(SO2)emissions—something like a 50 percent reduction.The US delegates label this “premature”.Although the Canadians clearly would be satisfied with a less goal, either side has suggested none.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
61.The differences between the Americans and the Canadians lie in.A)the deadline of the negotiations B)the limit of pollutant emission C)the date to implement the agreement D)the share that each side should take in solving the problem
62.The passage implies that.A)the Canadians would be willing to compromise B)the Americans would be willing to compromise C)neither the Canadians nor the Americans would be willing to compromise D)the negotiations made no progress
63.The Canadians would like to use the draft as their negotiation basis.A)first
B)second
C)third
D)final
64.The present yearly emission of wet sulfate per hectare of surface water is about.A)11 kilograms
B)22 kilograms
C)14 to 22 kilograms
D)14 kilograms
65.Which of the following would be best used for the title of the passage? A)Compromises Have to Be Made to Reach an Agreement.B)Negotiations over Air Pollution.C)The Americans Tough Stand in Negotiations.D)Air Pollution Clouds US Canadian Relations.Part ⅣTranslation(30 minutes)
Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.京剧起源于200年前清朝时期的北京,是一种集歌剧表演、歌唱、音乐、舞蹈和武术于一体的表演艺术。自1919年京剧大师梅兰芳先生东渡日本演出后,至今京剧越来越受世界各地人民喜爱。北京京剧院也已经应邀在许多国家演出,得到了外国观众的高度评价。这些表演对中外文化交流和促进世界人民友好来往作出了卓越的贡献。
注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
第二篇:大学英语四级考试新题型四大变化
大学英语四级考试新题型四大变化
新四级题型更加灵活,考查方式多样化,题量增大,考生要加快答题速度,进行针对性训练。对比分析新老四级题型后,武汉新东方学校四级英语主讲教师刘畅得出以上结论。
■题型变化
变化一:听力比重提高
新题型中,听力的比重由20%上升到35%,阅读理解比重由40%下降到35%。刘畅认为,以前在四六级考试中被公认的“得阅读者得天下”应改为“得听力者得天下,得阅读者守天下”。题型也分为小对话、长对话、短文章、复合式听写四种。第一部分由8个小对话和2个长对话组成;第二部分是3篇短文章;第三部分为复合式听写。增设了难度介于小对话和短文之间的长对话,每个长对话后有3~4道题。
变化二:增设快速阅读
阅读的比重减为35%。其中,仔细阅读的文章减少至2篇,分数占全卷的20%,题型为广大考生熟悉的四选一。另出现两种新的阅读考查方法:快速阅读和选词填空。选词填空考查方式为:在一篇220字左右的文章中,从给出的15个备选单词中选出10个填入文章空白处。另外,快速阅读要求在15分钟内完成一篇1200字左右的文章和后面的10道题,前7个是判断正误,后3个是填空题(答案基本都是原文中出现的原词)。
变化三:综合部分难度增加
综合部分为完形填空或改错、汉译英或简短回答,分数占全卷的15%。其特点是题型选择多样,并有一定比例的主观题。
其中汉译英不是整句翻译,而是英文句子中留出中文部分,相当于词组考查;选词填空与老题型完形填空比,更注重考查词的辨析和基本用法。
刘畅认为,虽然新四级中取消了考查语法词汇的“结构与词汇”部分,而用上了更加灵活的考查方式。所以,背单词的习惯不仅不能丢,还要能正确使用。
变化四:写作侧重应用文体
刘畅认为,样卷中把写作排在第一部分,意味着考试中很可能先考写作。即按照写作、快速阅读理解、听力理解、仔细阅读理解、完形填空和翻译的顺序进行测试。
写作部分分数占全卷的15%,新四级在对考生的写作能力要求上并没有大的提高,但从近两年题目上看,考查应用型文体是趋势。
■备考技巧
加快答题速度加强针对训练
1.听力平时要练习关键词速记;坚持每天听半小时英语,临考前增加听力练习时间。
2.利用原四级真题进行快速阅读训练,限时阅读和不限时阅读交叉进行,以调整“考试生物钟”。
3.仔细阅读时间减少,尽量挤出选词填空的时间来弥补。
4.写作可采用中英文互译法提高英语基本表达能力。选取一句地道英文将其译为中文,过段时间后再将这句中文翻译成英文,并与原文对照,找出不足。
第三篇:英语_09年12月大学英语四级考试最新预测卷一
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06年12月大学英语四级考试最新预测卷一
Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: AidEducation in China.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below:
1.每年,高校许多大学生受到鼓舞去贫困地区支教。2.支教活动的意义。
3.我的看法。
提示:在实考试卷中,该试题在答题卡1上。
Aid--Education in China
Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)
Directions:In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,mark
Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?
Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea.Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral sea(咸海)in Central Asia, it’s all too real.Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland.As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding(使搁浅)ships on dry land.The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.comic and go camping.C)Eat out and see a play.D)Go to the beach.13.A)The weather was better.B)The weather was a little bit warmer.C)The weather was a little bit colder.D)The weather was cooler than expected.14.A)Mr.Steward is honest.B)Mr.Steward looks honest.C)Mr.Steward looks dishonest.D)Mr.Steward is dishonest.15.A)He did quite well with it.B)He has money problem now.C)He is in need of qualified staff.D)He could not carry it on any more.16.A)$2.00.B)$6.00.C)$4.00.D)$5.00.17.A)They will spend the summer in Italy.B)They are both from Europe.C)They are both students.减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.com 收集
D)They are both interested in art.18.A)Not getting what she wants.B)A custom that is new to her.C)Calling up customers.D)Some of her good friends.Question 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A)A more economical diesel fuel.B)Characteristics of a new type of fuel.C)Where a new energy source is located.D)How to develop alternative energy sources.20.A)He’s studying for a test.B)He lost his notes.C)He missed the class.D)He’s doing research on alternative.21.A)It will reduce the amount of pollutants in the air.B)It will increase the amount of unpleasant odors from vehicles.C)It will eventually destroy the ozone layer.D)It will reduce the cost of running large vehicles.22.A)To help him explain the information to his roommate.B)To help him write a paper.C)To prepare for a test.D)To tell her if the notes are accurate.Question 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.com 收集
23.A)The woman has passed her final exams.B)The woman wants to know how to write term papers.C)The woman is going to visit Gettysburg.D)The man introduces his experiences in Gettysburg.24.A)Because her parents like traveling.B)Because her parents like history.C)Because traveling in such places costs less.D)Because her parents want to reinforce the stuff they learned in school about history.25.A)It is far away from the city she lives in.B)It is a place where many great people were born.C)It has a certain political influences in the United States right after the battle at Gettysburg.D)It is worth reading history about Gettysburg.Section B
Directions:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.A)A plate.B)A pear.C)A ball.D)An egg.27.A)How most mathematicians work.B)Accidental discovery about the earth’s shape.C)How to track an orbit.减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.com 收集
D)How astronauts use computers to measure the size of satellite.28.A)To prove the earth was round.B)To gather information for planning space flights.C)Because all spacecraft had to carry computers.D)Because it can measure the size of the satellite.Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.A)About 30,000.B)Around 300,000.C)Over 300,000.D)More than 330,000.30.A)He had promised to do so.B)He had this kind of training before.C)He didn’t want to make the crowd disappointed.D)He needed the great amount of money.31.A)Three times.B)Four times.C)Six times.D)Seven times.Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.A)One in a billion digits.B)Zero.减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.com 收集
C)One mistake per two hundred digits.D)One in a million digits.33.A)It is the nerve cells of a computer.B)It is the brain of a computer.C)It is the eye of a computer.D)It is the heart of a computer.34.A)One second.B)Two years.C)One minute.D)A day.35.A)Human beings make fewer errors.B)Human beings do not have to be programmed.C)Human beings work more quickly.D)Human beings have to be programmed.Section C
Directions:In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.提示:在实考试卷中,该试题在答题卡2上。
If parents bring up a child with the aim of turning the child into a(36), they will cause a(37).According to several leading(38)psychologists, this is one of the biggest mistakes which ambitious parents make.Generally, the child will be
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only too(39)of what the parent expects, and will fail.Unrealistic parental expectations can cause great(40)to children.However, if parents are not too(41)about what they expect their children to do, but are ambitious in a sensible way, the child may(42)in doing very well—especially if the parents are very(43)of their child.Michael Li is very lucky.(44).Although Michael’s mother knows very little about music, Michael’s father plays the trumpet in a large orchestra.However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling.Michael’s friend, Winston Chen, however, is not so lucky.(45).They want their son to be as successful as they are and so they enter him in every piano competition held.They are very unhappy when he does not win.“(46)”.Winston’s father tells him.Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he always seems quiet and unhappy.Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.If our society ever needed a reading renaissance(复兴), it’s now.The National Endowment for the Arts released “Reading at Risk” last year, a study showing that adult reading47 have dropped 10 percentage points in the past decade, with the steepest drop among those 18 to 24.“Only one half of young people read a book of any kind in 2002.We set the bar almost on the ground.If you read one short story in a teen—ager magazine, that would have48 ,” laments a director of research and analysis.He49 the loss of readers to the booming world of technology, which attracts would—be leisure readers to E—mail, IM chats, and video games and leaves them with no time to cope with a novel.减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.com 收集
“These new forms of media undoubtedly have some benefits,” says Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad Is Good for You.Video games
problem—solving skills;TV shows promote mental gymnastics by
viewers to follow complex story lines.But books offer experience that can’t be gained from these other sources, from52 vocabulary to stretching the imagination.“If they’re not reading at all,” says Johnson, “that’s a huge problem.”
In fact, fewer kids are reading for pleasure.According to data53 last week from the National Center for Educational Statistic’s long—term trend assessment, the number of 17—year—olds who reported never or hardly ever reading for fun
from 9 percent in 1984 to 19 percent in 2004.At the same time, the
of 17—year—olds who read daily dropped from 31 to 22.This slow but steady retreat from books has not yet taken a toll on reading ability.Scores for the nation’s youth have56 constant over the past two decades(with an encouraging upswing among 9—year—olds).But given the strong apparent correlation between pleasure reading and reading skills, this means poorly for the future.Section B
Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns.It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either.What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed.The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment.It is also an
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indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae(or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application.“Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school.The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview.And in those days of full employment the technique worked.The letter proved that you could write and were available for work.Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for.The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest.It might be the aggressive approach.“Your search is over.I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded.Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.57.The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns.A)informs job hunters of the opportunities available
B)promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employment
C)divides available jobs into various types
D)informs employers of the people available for work
58.Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because.A)there is a lack of jobs available for artistic people
B)there are so many toplevel jobs available
C)there are so many people out of work
D)the job history is considered to be a work of art
59.In the past it was expected that first job hunters would.减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.com 收集
A)write an initial letter giving their life history
B)pass some exams before applying for a job
C)have no qualifications other than being able to read and write
D)keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview
60.Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter.A)something that would distinguish one from other applicants
B)hinted information about the personality of the applicant
C)one’s advantages over others in applying for the job
D)an occasional trick with the aggressive approach
61.The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because.A)there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised
B)there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees
C)jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays
D)the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment.Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments.Their rent cannot increase;therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes.However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects.Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits.Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits.They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent—controlled.As a result, new apartments are not built.Many people who need apartments cannot find any.According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.com 收集
Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way.The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers.The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low—paying jobs.However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers.They will replace workers with machinery.The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases.Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases.Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity.Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum.Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage.The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”.Economists do not agree on some of the predictions.They also do not agree on the value of different decisions.Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it.Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.62.There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may.A)cause a shortage of apartments
B)worry those who rent apartments as homes
C)increase the profits of landlords
D)encourage landlords to invest in building apartment
63.According to the critics, rent control.A)will always benefit those who rent apartments
B)is unnecessary
C)will bring negative effects in the long run
D)is necessary under all circumstances
64.The problem of unemployment will arise.A)if the minimum wage is set too highB)if the minimum wage is set too low
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C)if the workers are unskilledD)if the maximum wage is set
65.The passage tells us.A)the relationship between supply and demand
B)the possible results of government controls
C)the necessity of government control
D)the urgency of getting rid of government controls
66.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A)The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.B)Minimum wage can not always protect employees.C)Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.D)Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.Part ⅤCloze(15 minutes)
Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D)on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States.Both the advantages and the disadvantages67 using
foreign faculty(教师总称)68 teaching positions have
to be69 , of course.It can be said that the foreign
that makes the faculty member from abroad an
asset also71 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual.The foreign research scholar usually isolates72 in the laboratory as a
means of protection;73 , what he needs is to be fitted
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a highly organized university system quite different
from75 at home.He is faced in his daily work
differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching.Both the visiting professor and his students77 a common ground in each other’s
cultures, some78 of what is already in the minds of
American students is79 for the foreign professor.While helping him to80 himself to his new
environment, the university must also81 certain
67.A)with B)for
C)of D)at
68.A)in B)on
C)for D)within
69.A)thought B)measured
C)balanced D)considered
70.A)situation B)circumstances
C)background D)condition
71.A)carries B)create
C)emerges D)solves
72.A)himself B)oneself
C)him D)one
73.A)otherwise B)moreover
C)however D)whatever
74.A)into B)by
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C)to D)with
75.A)those B)which
C)what D)that
76.A)toward B)with
C)toD)at
77.A)have B)possess
C)need D)lack
78.A)concept B)feeling
C)plan D)intelligence
79.A)ordered B)asked
C)put D)required
80.A)place B)adapt
C)put D)direct
81.A)remain B)keep
C)make D)cause
adjustments in order to82 full advantage of what the
newcomer can83.It isn’t always known how to make
use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller
colleges.This is thought to be a85 where further
study is called86.The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.82.A)take B)make
C)do D)be
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83.A)show B)afford
C)express D)offer
84.A)powerful B)creative
C)imaginary D)advanced
85.A)scope B)range
C)field D)district
86.A)on B)for
C)upon D)at
Part ⅥTranslation(5 minutes)
Direction:Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.提示:在实考试卷中,该试题在答题卡2上。
87.She(对我们的警告充耳不闻)and got lost.88.That Canadian speaks Chinese(和他说英语一样流利).89.(Tony 是否来)doesnt matter much.We can rely on ourselves.90.On hearing the news, I(忍不住笑起来)and spread it among the class.91.Not until Alice had a baby of her own(她才了解)how hard it was for her mother to have brought up her sister and her on her own.减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.com 收集
爷要听什么?随便你唱什么。吟霜侧著头,深思了一会几,再掉头看向云鹏
暗中布置著什么,云鹏发现她在装修吟霜那几间卧室了,他怀疑的问: 从此,葛府中失去了吟霜的影子。云鹏魂牵梦萦,实在无法忘怀吟霜。朝朝井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈暮暮,这片
似悲似乐的情绪把他给击倒了。他俯视著她,不由自主的揽住了她的头,喃喃的说:
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要为他物色人选的念头仍然未消,感于井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈她那片好意,他也就无可奈何了。于是,这天,云鹏
吟霜,他低唤井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈,点了点头,慨然的说:薄命怜卿甘作妾!薄命吗?吟霜低
啊呀,我的天!云鹏感到一阵头晕目眩,用手拍著额,他一叠连声的叫葛升备井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈马,在哪儿?我让她待在吟霜的那间屋子里呢,你去看看好吗? 怎井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈井上可奈么可以让她住吟霜的房间!云鹏十分不乐,却不好发作。看到弄玉一片喜孜孜的样
双眉暗锁,心事谁知我?旧恨而今较可,新愁去后如何?白狐6/井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈46 呢? 内容,因井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈此,垂著眼睑,低俯著头,她不敢仰视云鹏。
祝完,他再看看那密井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈上可奈密深深的荒林,重重的跺了一下脚,带著满怀井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈的无可奈何与怆恻之 有些诧异,也有些不耐。但是,屋里已响起一阵叮叮咚咚的琴声,好熟悉!接著,一个圆润
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变吧!
霜。怕弄玉寒心,他不敢形于色,而弄玉呢?她已把吟霜的井上可奈_爽到饥井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈渴妇人流_井上可奈房间弄得焕然一新,云鹏知道她 她说,等你回来,就不会放她走了!
福的笑容。
弄玉,弄玉,你实在是个好太太!你别给我弄人,我一定从明天起振作起来,如
吟霜凝视著她,泪珠沿颊滚落,但是,她在井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈微笑著,在她唇边,浮现著一个好井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈美丽好井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈幸
然的站在房门口,对云鹏深深一福说:夫人叫井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈我来,她说爷有话要交代。
是,爷,我的期限已经到了,我必须离去。吟霜温柔而井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈哀恳的说:请你井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈看在我这几年的
了,就来不及了。井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈现在,你愿意出去,让姐姐进来吗?我有话要和姐姐说。云鹏心神皆
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是,那琴声叮叮咚咚的持续了一阵之后,却戛然而止了。云鹏低低叹息,一阵落寞的感觉, 知否?知否?多少恨才下心头,却上眉头!他要赶到那森林里去看个究竟。
子,他又不忍过拂其意,只得走到那门口来。才到门口,弄玉又止住了他。
自己,那么,救救你自己吧!吟霜!为了我,救救你自己吧!吟霜含泪看著云鹏。你真
只怕„„吟霜低叹了一声,把头转向里面。我是没有这个福气了,爷。云鹏一
终于,他们来到了那丛林里,葛升勒住马说:就在这儿!云鹏停住马,举目四顾, 还有比这件井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈事更大的喜悦吗?知县府中,整日整夜鞭炮不断,老百姓们,齐聚在县衙门 的手,担忧的望著她,恳挚的说:吟霜,你一定要快些好起来,看不到你活活泼泼的在屋 来: 能比生活在爷和夫人身边更快乐的呢?
霜,你必须好好的活著!为了我,吟霜,你不是什么都为了我吗?你必须为我好好的活著!
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弄玉走了,云鹏坐在那儿,呆呆的看著竹帘子发愣。忽然间,他听到一阵琴声,和著歌
畏羞的直视著他,一层热烈的光彩笼罩在她井上可奈_爽井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈那清丽的脸庞上,使她井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈看来无比的美丽,无比的 知否?知否?一片心事难出口,谁怜我镇日消瘦? 的,不是吗? 野的跳动著。她又叹息了,轻声的,她像许诺般的说:爷,你放心,我不会死的。
云鹏猛的一震,这可能吗?他再也按捺不住,大踏步的跨上前去,井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈上可奈他一掀帘子,直冲进
听说你最近不大舒服,云鹏说,仔细的打量她,是的,那面颊是消瘦了,那腰身也
不知道到底哪一家最好。事情关系你的终身,所以井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈,也不能不问问你自己的意见。
住了他。知道吗?爷,我是属于山林和原野的,自来你家,虽然井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈我也很幸福,但是,到底
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云鹏恍然若梦,轻触著吟霜的头发面颊,她丰泽依旧,比卧病前还好看得多。他喃喃
看的!原来葛升也是同谋。
你知道,我们井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈在给你作媒呢井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈!云鹏开门见山的说,紧紧的注视著吟霜。吟霜微微的
爷井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈,吟霜安慰的拍拍他的手。我不会死,我没有说我要死呀!我只是要告诉你一
云鹏走井上可奈井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈进了吟霜房里,房角的小药炉上,在熬著药,一屋子的药香。桌上,一灯如豆。
弄玉,你不会吃吟霜的醋,井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈因为你和我一样喜欢吟霜呢!一句话说得弄玉心酸,她
我不管你是人是狐,云鹏烦恼的说:我只井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈要你在我身边,好好的活著。可 爷允许我告退了!啊呀,云鹏,你可别冤枉人井上可奈_爽到饥井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈渴妇人流_井上可奈家吟霜,你要是真关心她啊,你就该看出她现在精井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈神大不
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匆匆挽个抛家髻,这春愁怎替?那新词且寄!起身来,茫然四顾,森林绵密,树影重重,暮色惨淡,烟雾迷离,秋风瑟瑟,落木萧井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈萧。那
吟霜似乎也一阵惨然,泪珠就如断线珍珠般滚滚而下,握紧了云鹏的手,她凄然说: 走,何苦来这一趟?
望著云鹏,叹口气说: 怎么?这是怎么回事?云鹏更加糊涂了。
井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈
到那白影子的旁边,一把抓住,却是吟霜的衣裳和鞋子,衣裳之中,什么都没有。吟
是吗?是吗?她真是化为白狐井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈,回归山野了吗?云鹏仰首问天,天亦无言,俯首问地,原来井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈如此!云鹏有些不高兴,井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈皱著眉问:
云鹏从墙上摘下一把琴来。
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晚上,云鹏坐在书房中,正在看著书,喜儿在一边服侍著。忽然,门帘一掀,吟霜盈盈井上可奈_爽到饥渴井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈妇人流_井上可奈
这是你的工作井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈奈,你该去问问她。或者,她自己心里有数,愿意去怎样的人家。我
白狐,山林辽阔,请好生珍重,一要远离猎人网罟,二要远离猛兽爪牙。你一点灵心,若不
门口舞狮井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈舞龙。弄玉吩咐井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈流_井上可奈扎起一个戏台子,唱了好几个通宵的戏。葛府中上上下下,全穿上 哦,这个弄玉!这种关于婚事的话,她们井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈女人家彼此谈起来不是简单得多,偏要他来
谈。但是,也罢,既然来了,不妨问个清楚。他点点头,摒退了喜儿,对吟霜说: 你关好门,过来坐下吧,我们谈谈。
了。云鹏十分焦急,延井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈医诊治,都说血气亏损,要好好井上可奈_爽井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈调理休养。但,尽管参汤燕窝的调
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不出的雅致与飘逸,他不自禁的看呆了。吟霜轻轻的站起身来,垂著头,她幽幽的说:请
爷,如你疼我,好好待那个孩子吧。我在林中,还是会过得快快乐乐的,你尽可以放
我知道,吟霜说:我很清醒,我讲的都是真话。爷,你想想看吧,我来你家的整
吟霜躺在白色井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈的纱帐里,面色在昏黄的灯光映照下,更显得井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈憔悴而消瘦。但她那对乌黑的井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈眼 声,从花园中袅袅传来。他知道,这又是吟霜在抚琴而歌了。下意识的,他用手支住颚,开
珠,却比往日更加清亮,更加有神。云鹏走过去,坐在床沿上,轻轻的握住吟霜放在被外的 的、不解的、困惑的说:
井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈
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一眼看到在那林中的草地上,有一团白色的影子。云鹏喊了一声,滚鞍下马,连跑带跌的冲
著我,她委婉的说:你何不出去走走。
非常漂亮,眉毛眼睛,都酷似吟霜。他常抱著孩子,低低的说: 宁可废礼,逼著吟霜和她姐妹相呼。她宠她,爱她,怜惜她,更胜过一井上可奈_爽井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈个亲姐姐。而吟霜
知否?知否?恨个人心意如铁,我终身休配井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈鸾俦!吟霜请你去,云鹏,她有话要告诉你!
休井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈休,似这般不解风情,辜负我一番琴奏!如前了!呢? 了最华丽的衣服,戴上喜花,人人都是笑吟吟的。老家人葛升,更津津乐道于述说白狐报恩
吟霜关上了门,走过来,顺从的在云鹏脚边的一张矮凳上坐下了。她似乎已预知谈话的减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.com 收集
叨天之幸,经过一年的调养,我真的好了。
怎么呢?云鹏更加不安的问。她呀,我也不知道怎么,弄玉又悄悄的看看井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈云
把琴平井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈放在膝上,她轻抚了井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈几个音,抬起眼睛,她看著云鹏。
云鹏怔怔的看著吟霜,她神色哀怨,语音凄楚,那眉目之间,一片哀愁和委屈。怎么, 云鹏,你这样想念吟霜,不怕我吃醋吗? 云鹏不相信的看著她,伸手摸摸她的额,她没有发烧,她的井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈_井上可奈神志是井上可奈井井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈上可奈井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈清醒的。你知道你自己
决不许离开我!吟霜,冷汗在他额头沁了出来,他仆向她:再也不许说,你知道吗?吟
哦,爷。她说:我想一个流离失所的卖唱女子,能得到爷这样推心置腹的恩宠, 调子,她又唱: 面对著他。这不是吟霜,更是何人!
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乎谈了许多井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈知心的话。到晚上,弄玉含泪来到云鹏面前。
朝思暮想之苦。就这样,一年的时间过去了。孩子已牙牙学语,而且能摇摇摆摆的走路了。
嫁,我井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈还不如井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈一死!井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈云鹏心动神驰,狂喜中杂著心酸,怜惜中杂著欢乐,那份乍惊乍喜,那么„„云井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈鹏脑子里乱成了一团。
你真愿意这样?你知道你美好得像一朵含井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈苞待放的白梅,你知道我多怕糟蹋了你?你
护过深,我深怕让爷目睹我的死亡,会过份伤心,所以,我和姐姐串通好,想出这个办法 明月夜,短松冈。
房。霎时间,他愣住了。在一张椅子上,井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈一个女子白衣白裳白飘带,正抱琴而坐,笑盈盈的 五真的,第二年的夏天,吟霜生了一个男孩子。
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泪进了吟霜的房间,整夜,她都逗留在里面,没有出来。
现在吗?吟霜问井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈。是的,现在。吟霜顺从的接过了琴,在一张井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈凳子上坐下了, 什么救命恩人,我不过帮她葬了父亲,也算不得救命!井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈_井上可奈 但是,这井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈一次生产却严重的损伤了井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈吟霜的健康,她显得非常消瘦而苍白。满月的时候, 听到了,爷。她低声说。
又热烈的俯向井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈她。吟霜,记得那年你曾救了冬儿一命,你既然能救冬儿,你当然也井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈可以救
自己问问她呢?你到底是她的救命恩人,她可能愿意告诉你。
也永不井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈会知道这谜底了。如果我竟然好了,那时,我再回到你身边来,把一切真相告诉你。
知道忍痛提婚,我需要多大的定井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈力?啊,吟霜,你真愿井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈意?你真愿意? 暗,山影幢幢,树影参差,几点寒星,闪烁在高而远的天边。老仆葛升再一次跪井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈禀:
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是一只狐狸吗?荒谬!岂不荒谬吗?但,她真是只狐狸吗?你说吧,井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈吟霜。白井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈狐7/46 云鹏开始强颜欢笑,也开始参加应酬宴会,去歌台舞榭,但,在心底,他还是想念著吟
第二天一大早,云鹏就必须出门,因为知府来县中巡视,他要去陪侍。他无暇再去探视
卖身给爷了,爷要怎么安井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈人流_井上可奈排就怎么安排,奴才不井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈敢说话。用背对著云鹏,不住的用袖子擦著眼泪,她的双肩耸动,喉中哽噎。用手拉著帘子,她颤声 云鹏,请原谅我们。她说。
吗? 人,病重而不愿皇帝亲睹,怕憔悴之状,使皇帝不乐。我当时也有同样的想法,而且,爷爱
地亦无语。云鹏心碎神伤,不禁井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈凄然泪下井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈。抚摸著那些衣井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈衫,衣香依旧,而芳踪已杳。他不 愿意!
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语,声井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈奈音轻柔如梦。我属于薄命的时期已经过去了。以后该是幸福而欢乐的,还有什么事
音清晰的说:自从踏进葛府的大门,井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈我从没有离去井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈的打算,如今,既然不堪驱使,必要遣
吟霜仍然仰视著他,井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈她那光明如星的眸子坦白的对著他,似乎在狂喊著:愿意!愿意!
吟霜!他沙嗄的喊,不信任的瞪井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈视著她。
鹏,弄玉追了进来,含泪说:吟霜已经井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈离去了。云鹏深深的注视著她。
井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈当然不,吟霜,你知道我一向不相信鬼狐之说。
鹏。只是,从春天起,她就神情恹恹井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈的。我说,爷,你给人家选婆家,也该征求她本人的
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井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈爷。吟霜脸上仍然带著那楚楚动人的微笑。我请你来,是必须告诉你一件事情。
小径,那岩石,那原野,都已模糊难辨了。云鹏怆然的想起前人的词:料得年年肠断处, 你在弄些什么?把这几间屋子收拾好,给你再物色一个井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈人井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈。弄玉井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈笑嘻嘻的说。鹏,我总算给你物色到一个人了!髻。这春愁怎替?那新词且寄!
她虽然也挣扎著下了床,提起精神,应付一连几天井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈的酒宴。可是,不到半个月,她就又睡倒
依稀听到了一些句子,却正是:香梦回,才褪红鸳被,重点檀唇胭脂腻,匆匆挽个抛家
忍遽去,伫立久之,家人们也都垂手而立,默默无言。山风呼啸,夜枭哀啼,天色逐渐黑
我还有什井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈么不满足的呢?我是死而无井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈憾了。不许提死字,吟霜!云鹏含著泪喊,忽然
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窥探,我会重化为狐,回归山林。如果你不井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈依井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈我,我会死去的。您别先进去,云鹏。这女孩也会唱曲子,你先听她唱一曲,看看比吟霜如何?云鹏
可是,你错了,爷。吟霜叹口气,坦率而恳挚的井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈看著他。我要告诉你的就是井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈这
快马加鞭,直向丛林冲去。且,再也不走了!原野起伏绵延,无边无际。吟霜在哪里呢?他紧抱著吟霜的衣物,呆呆的伫立著,山风起
吟霜还是不说话。吟霜,你听到吗?吟霜受惊的抬起眼睛来,对云鹏匆匆一瞥,那
那么,你希望嫁一个怎样的人呢?现在,有张家来求亲,北城张百万家,知道吗? 喜儿鬼鬼祟祟,丫头们闪闪躲躲。井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈他奇怪的走进去,弄玉已笑著迎了井上可奈_爽到饥井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈渴妇人流_井上可奈出来,满脸井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈喜气:云
风瑟瑟,四野一片凄凉景象。想到吟霜被孤零零的丢在这山野里,他就
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觉得心如刀绞,不禁 情,他说: 候,吟霜更是瘦骨支离了,她已无法下床,也懒于饮食井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈了。弄玉完全不顾妻妾的名分,井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈整日
弄井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈玉从屋外跑进来,带著笑,她也对云鹏跪下了。白狐8/46 云鹏迎视著她的目光,听了这几句,已陡觉心里颊,她目光如酒,双颊如酡,换了一个
个经过,不是太巧了吗?我告诉您,我确实是那只白狐!五内俱伤,心惊胆战,一把捂住了吟霜的嘴,井上井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈他嚷著说:
吟霜。黄昏时分,他回到府中,来不及换去官服,就一直冲进吟霜的卧房,才跨进房间,他
也这样想,弄玉抿著嘴角,轻轻井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈一笑。井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈但是,她一个字也不肯说,我也没办法,你何不
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她,而尊重她了!不管弄玉的劝阻,他终于带著家人,井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈扑奔城西的丛林而去。出了城,郊外山路崎岖,秋
愿意唱一曲给我听吗?他问,心里忽然涌上一股恻然的情绪,等她嫁后,再想听她
弄玉不语,她知道他已是曾经沧海难为水,除却巫山不是云了。她嘴里不说,却在
就大吃了一惊,呆呆的井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈愣住了。吟霜房中,一切依旧,只是那张床上,已一无所有。云
随爷作主。吟霜仍然是那句话,但,眼泪却溢出了眼井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井井上井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈上可奈眶,沿著面颊滚落下去了。她 治,吟霜仍然日益憔悴。在说些什么吗? 子里转,我什么事都做不下去。
不能失去你。他紧攥住井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈她。呵,吟霜,我真的不能失去你!井上可奈_爽到饥渴井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈妇人流_井上可奈
们,保重你自己呵。我看井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈,从明天起,你多出去走走,各处去散散心,好吗?
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吟霜又站住了,垂手而立。
真的吗?吟霜?真的。她对他微笑。他看著她,于是,忽然间,他觉得她那许
震动了一下,一句话也不说,头俯得更低了,脸色也更苍白了。你不必害羞,吟霜。云
为了免得弄玉悬井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈心,他只井上可奈_爽到井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈饥渴妇人流_井上可奈得应著。但是,尽管名山胜水,或花园名胜,都无法排遣那份
那么,或者你会喜欢刘秀才家? 吟霜!云鹏惊喊,猛烈的摇头。不!不!不!你根本神志不清,不行,在那森林
井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈爷,你就让她安安静静的去吧!弄玉劝著:天已经暗了,路又不好走,您何苦
去的?放在什么位置了?有没有留下人来照应?是葛升他们抬去的,我们遵照她的意
云鹏揽过弄玉,注视著她,温柔的说: 的没有一个人,他注意到,吟霜已经摒退了丫头们。
手,那手已枯瘦无力,一对白玉镯子,在手腕上好沉重井上可奈_爽到
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饥渴妇人流_井上可奈的坠著。云鹏四面望望,屋内静悄悄
始静静的倾听。因为隔得远,歌词听不太清楚。他定定神,用心的去捉住那声浪,于是,他
更加重要了,弄玉命令下人们,谁也不许称吟霜姨娘,而要称二夫人。私下里,她
何? 思,把她放在草地上,就都走开了,不敢留在那儿看她。
爷,你希望我死吗?哦,吟霜,我要怎么办?吟霜?云鹏凄楚的叫:井上可奈_爽到井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈饥渴妇人流_井上可奈你既然必定要
吟霜咬了咬嘴唇。怎么不说话呢?云鹏蹙眉问。
对他井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈慢慢的包围了过来。说:奴才告退了!云鹏的心脏猛然的跳动著,他的呼吸急井上可奈_井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈促,他的头脑昏眩,向前急急
处,落叶纷飞。葛升井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈走了过来,含泪跪井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈下说:爷,白姑娘是回她的家乡去了,请爷节哀顺 的眉,那亮晶晶的眼睛,那挺挺的鼻子,那小小的嘴,那细腻的皮肤,那
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玲珑的手脚„„这井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈
来。只因为大家都传说我是白狐,我就假托为狐,要归诸山野。事实上,姐姐把我抬往另一 里,你会冻死!
别再说了!吟霜,你知道你在我心里的地位!你一定要放宽心思,好好调养自己,我 皱著眉说。的跨了一井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈大步,他忘形的把手压在吟霜的肩上,沙嗄的喊了一声:吟霜!吟霜猛的回过 狐。
碎,五内俱伤。他掩泪退出了吟霜的房间,痛心之余,真不知神之所之,魂之所井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈在。井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈弄玉含
他根本就不允许这预感存在。如今,他被刺痛了,紧张了井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈,也心惊肉跳了!这种忘形的怀念,这种刻骨的相思,使他忧思忡忡,而形容憔井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈悴。弄玉看在眼里,急在
你的母亲呢?孩子?你的母亲呢?井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈
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起了那只白狐,是的,这是那只白狐的眼睛!他有些神思恍惚而额汗涔涔了。吟霜紧紧的抓
于是,云鹏不再挣扎,不再困惑,不再痛苦,不再自欺,他把她拉了井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈起来,轻轻的揽在
霜!云鹏惨叫,举起衣裳,衣物都完整如新,只是伊人,已不知归向何处。他昏昏然的站
鹏困难的说:你知道,男大当婚,女大当嫁,这是做人必然的过程。
怀里,他的面颊轻触著她鬓边的发丝,和她那垂在耳际的小珠饰。他低低的叹息了。
等一下,吟霜。云鹏本能的喊井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈。了。
今天下午,我听到你在唱歌。他说,顿了一下,又说:我很多天没听到你唱歌
吟霜。他心痛的喊著。
意思啊,别人到底不是咱们家的人呀!因为,没有你,我的生活就再也没有意义了!哦,爷。吟霜低呼著,眼里蕴满了泪,唱曲,就难如登天了。
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我们遵照她的意思,把她送到城外西边的森林里去了。弄玉说:她逼著我做的,清脆的歌喉,就袅袅柔柔的唱了起来:香梦回,才褪红鸳被,重点檀唇胭脂腻, 闺阁女子,失去了我,还有更好的,何况,有姐姐陪著你„„这话简直像在诀别了,云鹏
栋住宅,买了丫头老妈子侍候著,同时延医诊治。如果我死了,就井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈让姐井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈姐把我私下井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈埋了,你 你别动吟霜的房间,也井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈别白费工夫,你即使弄了人来,我也不要!云鹏没好气的说。一个秘密?什么秘密?云鹏困惑的问。
吟霜抛下了手里的琴,对著云鹏跪下了,含著泪,她低低的井上可奈井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈叫:爷,我回来了。而
她不满意吗?她不愿嫁张家吗?她也嫌他们不是书香门第吗? 思念之情,丝毫不减。走进吟霜住过的房子,他低呼吟霜。看到吟霜穿过的衣物,他低呼吟
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给你物色一个比吟霜更漂亮的,好吗?弄玉祈求的看著云鹏:你不要管,等我找
诺是真会实现的,她不会死!他似乎放下了一重重担,她不会死。可是,到了夏末秋初的时
因为,我的期限到了,我必须走了。
守在吟霜的房里,和云鹏一样,她也求她救救你自己。但,吟霜显然无法救她自己,她 动人。
不全呵!
从外面回到家井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈里来,才一进门,井井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈就觉得家里充满了井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈一股特殊的气氛,井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈老家人葛升笑得怪异,减肥百科 http://www.xiexiebang.com 收集
爷,我是只狐狸呀!吟霜说,那乌黑晶亮的眼睛深深的盯著云鹏,云鹏不自禁的想
云鹏慨然长叹,抚摸著弄玉那窄窄的肩,和鬓边的细发,他心中浮起了一股感动和歉然
霜。抚弄吟霜弹过的琴,他低呼吟霜。抱起吟霜留下的儿子,他更是呼唤著吟霜。孩子长得
知否?知否?身如飘萍难寄,心事尽付东流!
是这样,爷。吟霜接口:那时候我病得很重,自以为不保。当年汉武帝之妃李夫
爷!她热烈的低喊,忽然身子一矮,就跪倒在他的脚前,仰著头,她瞪视著他,语
知否?知否?看它春色年年,我的芳心依旧!
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那么怕我死?她幽幽的问。
个,我确实是那只在山中被你救下来的白狐,为报当日之恩,化身为人,设计来到你家。我
大眼睛里,竟闪耀著泪光,满脸的凄惶和无助。这样才好。弄玉笑著,眼里盈著泪。
吟霜,他喊著:不许这样想!你还那样年轻,你还要跟我共度一大段的岁月,你
呢?丝毫没有恃宠而骄,她更加谦和,更加有礼,更加温柔,难怪井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈人人都要称扬她,喜欢 是一只白狐吗?
爷?吟霜询问的看了他一眼。
悄悄的举起袖子,拭了拭泪。云鹏望著她,依然是白衣白裳,腰间井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈系著一根白缎的腰带,说 的故事了。这真是天大的喜事,尤其云鹏已经三十几岁了,这才是第一个儿子!吟霜的地位
了一口,无情无绪的站起身来,他走到靠花园的窗边,挑起帘子,他想仔细的听一听。可
曾立誓要帮你生个儿子,这段恩情就算报了,现在,我已经给你生了儿
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子了!吟霜? 可是„„可是„„云鹏愣愣的说:在那山野里,我曾经目睹你蜕下的衣衫呢!她用手轻轻地抚摸云鹏的手,劝慰的说:你不该说这话的,爷。您是个男人,我不过是个
真是你吗?吟霜?真是你吗?你从那山林里又回来了吗?你不会再变井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈为狐,一去不回 等你好了,我带著你和你姐姐,一起出去玩玩。
我要去把她带回来,云鹏嚷著:你知道山里有狼有虎吗?她就是井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈死,也不该尸骨
我们走吧!执辔回鞍,一片凄凉,再回首相望,夜雾迷离,山影井上可奈_爽到饥渴妇人流_井上可奈依稀。那树木,那
心,不要挂念,如果有缘,说不定我以后还会来见你。别了,爷。请照我的话办,一旦我死 的情绪,再叹口气,他低声说:
云鹏,天下佳人不少,与其天天想吟霜,不如再娶一个进来。你别瞎操心了!云鹏
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哈,我说的可不是这个。弄玉掀起帘子,准备退出,又回眸一笑说:你心
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第四篇:06年12月大学英语四级考试最新预测卷一
06年12月大学英语四级考试最新预测卷一
Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic: AidEducation in China.You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below:
1.每年,高校许多大学生受到鼓舞去贫困地区支教。2.支教活动的意义。
3.我的看法。
提示:在实考试卷中,该试题在答题卡1上。
Aid--Education in China
Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)
Directions:In this part,you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,mark
Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?
Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea.Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral sea(咸海)in Central Asia, it’s all too real.Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland.As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding(使搁浅)ships on dry land.The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large--scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups.But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix.Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the next century.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H.Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California.He fears that by the year 2025, as many as one--third of the world’s projected(预测的)8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.WHERE WATER GOES
Only 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass.Two--thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers(冰山)and ice caps(冰盖).In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth.Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior(苏必利尔湖).And people use half of this amount already.“If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “there will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic(水的)environment.”
CLOSE TO HOME
Water woes(灾难)may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States.But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater.Groundwater accumulates in aquifers(地下蓄水层),layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock.(For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish(补充)it.In northwest Texas, for example, overpumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution.Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards.Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency.In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium(隐孢子虫),a microbe(微生物)that causes fever, diarrhea(腹泻)and vomiting.THE SOURCE
Where so contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw(未经处理的)sewage(污水)into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking;about 250 million people a year get sick from water borne(饮水传染的)diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products.Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes.(Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls(多氯化联二苯),or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)
But almost everyone contributes to water pollution.People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners(稀释剂)down the drain;all of these contain hazardous chemicals.Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but insects but that pollute water as well.Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen--rich fertilizer that helps plants grow but that can wreak havoc(大破坏)on the environment.Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas.Too many nitrates “overenrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water.Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.WHAT’S THE SOLUTION?
Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water--related problems;governments, for instance, would be better off building small--scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea.“More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick.“There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”
提示:在实考试卷中,8-10题在答题卡1上。
1.That the huge water projects have diverted the rivers causes the Aral Sea to shrink.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects does more good than harm.3.The chief causes of water shortage are population growth and water pollution.4.The problems Americans face concerning water are ground water shrinkage and tap water pollution.5.According to the passage all water pollutants come from household waste.6.The people living in the United States will not be faced with water shortages.7.Water expert Gleick has come up with the best solution to water—related problems.8.According to Peter H.Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.9.Twothirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in.10.In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid.Part Ⅲ Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.A)Talk to his sister.B)Look at a map.C)Go on a diet.D)Tell the man why.12.A)Do whatever has been planned.B)Have a picnic and go camping.C)Eat out and see a play.D)Go to the beach.13.A)The weather was better.B)The weather was a little bit warmer.C)The weather was a little bit colder.D)The weather was cooler than expected.14.A)Mr.Steward is honest.B)Mr.Steward looks honest.C)Mr.Steward looks dishonest.D)Mr.Steward is dishonest.15.A)He did quite well with it.B)He has money problem now.C)He is in need of qualified staff.D)He could not carry it on any more.16.A)$2.00.B)$6.00.C)$4.00.D)$5.00.17.A)They will spend the summer in Italy.B)They are both from Europe.C)They are both students.D)They are both interested in art.18.A)Not getting what she wants.B)A custom that is new to her.C)Calling up customers.D)Some of her good friends.Question 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A)A more economical diesel fuel.B)Characteristics of a new type of fuel.C)Where a new energy source is located.D)How to develop alternative energy sources.20.A)He’s studying for a test.B)He lost his notes.C)He missed the class.D)He’s doing research on alternative.21.A)It will reduce the amount of pollutants in the air.B)It will increase the amount of unpleasant odors from vehicles.C)It will eventually destroy the ozone layer.D)It will reduce the cost of running large vehicles.22.A)To help him explain the information to his roommate.B)To help him write a paper.C)To prepare for a test.D)To tell her if the notes are accurate.Question 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A)The woman has passed her final exams.B)The woman wants to know how to write term papers.C)The woman is going to visit Gettysburg.D)The man introduces his experiences in Gettysburg.24.A)Because her parents like traveling.B)Because her parents like history.C)Because traveling in such places costs less.D)Because her parents want to reinforce the stuff they learned in school about history.25.A)It is far away from the city she lives in.B)It is a place where many great people were born.C)It has a certain political influences in the United States right after the battle at Gettysburg.D)It is worth reading history about Gettysburg.Section B
Directions:In this section,you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One
Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.A)A plate.B)A pear.C)A ball.D)An egg.27.A)How most mathematicians work.B)Accidental discovery about the earth’s shape.C)How to track an orbit.D)How astronauts use computers to measure the size of satellite.28.A)To prove the earth was round.B)To gather information for planning space flights.C)Because all spacecraft had to carry computers.D)Because it can measure the size of the satellite.Passage Two
Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.A)About 30,000.B)Around 300,000.C)Over 300,000.D)More than 330,000.30.A)He had promised to do so.B)He had this kind of training before.C)He didn’t want to make the crowd disappointed.D)He needed the great amount of money.31.A)Three times.B)Four times.C)Six times.D)Seven times.Passage Three
Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.A)One in a billion digits.B)Zero.C)One mistake per two hundred digits.D)One in a million digits.33.A)It is the nerve cells of a computer.B)It is the brain of a computer.C)It is the eye of a computer.D)It is the heart of a computer.34.A)One second.B)Two years.C)One minute.D)A day.35.A)Human beings make fewer errors.B)Human beings do not have to be programmed.C)Human beings work more quickly.D)Human beings have to be programmed.Section C
Directions:In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information.For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words.Finally, when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.提示:在实考试卷中,该试题在答题卡2上。
If parents bring up a child with the aim of turning the child into a(36), they will cause a(37).According to several leading(38)psychologists, this is one of the biggest mistakes which ambitious parents make.Generally, the child will be only too(39)of what the parent expects, and will fail.Unrealistic parental expectations can cause great(40)to children.However, if parents are not too(41)about what they expect their children to do, but are ambitious in a sensible way, the child may(42)in doing very well—especially if the parents are very(43)of their child.Michael Li is very lucky.(44).Although Michael’s mother knows very little about music, Michael’s father plays the trumpet in a large orchestra.However, he never makes Michael enter music competitions if he is unwilling.Michael’s friend, Winston Chen, however, is not so lucky.(45).They want their son to be as successful as they are and so they enter him in every piano competition held.They are very unhappy when he does not win.“(46)”.Winston’s father tells him.Winston is always afraid that he will disappoint his parents and now he always seems quiet and unhappy.Part ⅣReading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.If our society ever needed a reading renaissance(复兴), it’s now.The National Endowment for the Arts released “Reading at Risk” last year, a study showing that adult reading47 have dropped 10 percentage points in the past decade, with the steepest drop among those 18 to 24.“Only one half of young people read a book of any kind in 2002.We set the bar almost on the ground.If you read one short story in a teen—ager magazine, that would have48 ,” laments a director of research and analysis.He49 the loss of readers to the booming world of technology, which attracts would—be leisure readers to E—mail, IM chats, and video games and leaves them with no time to cope with a novel.“These new forms of media undoubtedly have some benefits,” says Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad Is Good for You.Video games
problem—solving skills;TV shows promote mental gymnastics by
viewers to follow complex story lines.But books offer experience that can’t be gained from these other sources, from52 vocabulary to stretching the imagination.“If they’re not reading at all,” says Johnson, “that’s a huge problem.”
In fact, fewer kids are reading for pleasure.According to data53 last week from the National Center for Educational Statistic’s long—term trend assessment, the number of 17—year—olds who reported never or hardly ever reading for fun
from 9 percent in 1984 to 19 percent in 2004.At the same time, the
of 17—year—olds who read daily dropped from 31 to 22.This slow but steady retreat from books has not yet taken a toll on reading ability.Scores for the nation’s youth have56 constant over the past two decades(with an encouraging upswing among 9—year—olds).But given the strong apparent correlation between pleasure reading and reading skills, this means poorly for the future.Section B
Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage One
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns.It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, although it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either.What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed.The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment.It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae(or job history), with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application.“Just put down your name, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school.The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview.And in those days of full employment the technique worked.The letter proved that you could write and were available for work.Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for.The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest.It might be the aggressive approach.“Your search is over.I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded.Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.57.The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns.A)informs job hunters of the opportunities available
B)promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employment
C)divides available jobs into various types
D)informs employers of the people available for work
58.Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because.A)there is a lack of jobs available for artistic people
B)there are so many toplevel jobs available
C)there are so many people out of work
D)the job history is considered to be a work of art
59.In the past it was expected that first job hunters would.A)write an initial letter giving their life history
B)pass some exams before applying for a job
C)have no qualifications other than being able to read and write
D)keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview
60.Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter.A)something that would distinguish one from other applicants
B)hinted information about the personality of the applicant
C)one’s advantages over others in applying for the job
D)an occasional trick with the aggressive approach
61.The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because.A)there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertised
B)there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degrees
C)jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadays
D)the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicated
Passage Two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment.Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments.Their rent cannot increase;therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes.However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects.Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits.Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits.They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent—controlled.As a result, new apartments are not built.Many people who need apartments cannot find any.According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way.The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers.The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low—paying jobs.However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers.They will replace workers with machinery.The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases.Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases.Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment.Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity.Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum.Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage.The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”.Economists do not agree on some of the predictions.They also do not agree on the value of different decisions.Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it.Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.62.There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may.A)cause a shortage of apartments
B)worry those who rent apartments as homes
C)increase the profits of landlords
D)encourage landlords to invest in building apartment
63.According to the critics, rent control.A)will always benefit those who rent apartments
B)is unnecessary
C)will bring negative effects in the long run
D)is necessary under all circumstances
64.The problem of unemployment will arise.A)if the minimum wage is set too highB)if the minimum wage is set too low
C)if the workers are unskilledD)if the maximum wage is set
65.The passage tells us.A)the relationship between supply and demand
B)the possible results of government controls
C)the necessity of government control
D)the urgency of getting rid of government controls
66.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A)The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.B)Minimum wage can not always protect employees.C)Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.D)Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.Part ⅤCloze(15 minutes)
Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D)on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States.Both the advantages and the disadvantages67 using
foreign faculty(教师总称)68 teaching positions have
to be69 , of course.It can be said that the foreign
that makes the faculty member from abroad an
asset also71 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual.The foreign research scholar usually isolates72 in the laboratory as a
means of protection;73 , what he needs is to be fitted
a highly organized university system quite different
from75 at home.He is faced in his daily work
differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching.Both the visiting professor and his students77 a common ground in each other’s
cultures, some78 of what is already in the minds of
American students is79 for the foreign professor.While helping him to80 himself to his new
environment, the university must also81 certain
67.A)with B)for
C)of D)at
68.A)in B)on
C)for D)within
69.A)thought B)measured
C)balanced D)considered
70.A)situation B)circumstances
C)background D)condition
71.A)carries B)create
C)emerges D)solves
72.A)himself B)oneself
C)him D)one
73.A)otherwise B)moreover
C)however D)whatever
74.A)into B)by
C)to D)with
75.A)those B)which
C)what D)that
76.A)toward B)with
C)toD)at
77.A)have B)possess
C)need D)lack
78.A)concept B)feeling
C)plan D)intelligence
79.A)ordered B)asked
C)put D)required
80.A)place B)adapt
C)put D)direct
81.A)remain B)keep
C)make D)cause
adjustments in order to82 full advantage of what the
newcomer can83.It isn’t always known how to make
use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller
colleges.This is thought to be a85 where further
study is called86.The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.82.A)take B)make
C)do D)be
83.A)show B)afford
C)express D)offer
84.A)powerful B)creative
C)imaginary D)advanced
85.A)scope B)range
C)field D)district
86.A)on B)for
C)upon D)at
Part ⅥTranslation(5 minutes)
Direction:Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.提示:在实考试卷中,该试题在答题卡2上。
87.She(对我们的警告充耳不闻)and got lost.88.That Canadian speaks Chinese(和他说英语一样流利).89.(Tony 是否来)doesnt matter much.We can rely on ourselves.90.On hearing the news, I(忍不住笑起来)and spread it among the class.91.Not until Alice had a baby of her own(她才了解)how hard it was for her mother to have brought up her sister and her on her own.
第五篇:浅析大学英语新四级题型及应对方略
浅析大学英语新四级题型及应对方略
大学英语四级考试新题型(简称新四级题型)由六部分组成:写作、快速阅读理解、听力、仔细阅读理解、完型填空和翻译。与旧四级相比,新四级具有以下特点:
1、听力比重增加。(由原来的20分增加到35分)
2、阅读部分考察方式多样化,由一种题型增加到了四种题型。
3、综合部分题型灵活,难度增加。
综合部分为完型填空或改错、汉译英或SAQ(short answer question),分数占全卷的15%。此部分是新四级中比较有新意的一部分。其特点是题型选择多样,并有一定比例的主观题。新四级中取消了老四级中考察语法词汇的“结构与词汇”部分,取而代之的是更加灵活的考察方式。这就要求考生不仅要能了解单词和基本句法,更应具备灵活应用所学知识的能力。
4、题目次序调整。这个考试流程是这样的:考试开始后,首先会发答题卡一,然后发作文题目和快速阅读。首先规定你必须在30分钟之内把这个作文写完,写完作文以后,开始做快速阅读部分。快速阅读部分要求是在15分钟之内必须完成。考试进行到第45分钟的时候,监考老师就会把答题卡一收上去(所以你在后面想改作文或者是快速阅读的答案已经不可能了),同时发答题卡二和试题的第二部分。试题二包含听力,仔细阅读理解,完型填空和翻译。考试总时间是125分钟。时间要求比较长的是听力,总共是35分钟。时间要求最短的是翻译部分,5分钟就要完成。下面我就各个部分的改革方向、解题策略和准备方法谈谈我的看法:
写 作
四级写作确实令很多同学感到头痛,其实从严格意义上来讲,四级写作对于考生写作能力的要求并不是太高。四级改革后,作文是唯一不会也不可能改动的部分。但是作文出题有一个趋势———越来越朝向与日常生活接近的方向发展。考试的形式越来越实用化,考应用文,记叙描写文和图表作文的可能性非常大。申请书,道歉信,工作申请,邀请函,演讲稿等等都有可能成为四级写作的题目要求。
对于调整以后的四级写作部分,到底我们应该怎么应对呢?
原来的写作是在考试最后才考。这次改革以后,写作是放在第一部分考,给的时间也是30分钟。应该怎么去用这30分钟才是合理的呢?我们发现很多考生在25分钟左右的时间,甚至更短的时间,就可以把一篇文章写完了。因为第二部分紧跟着就是快速阅读,如果你有足够的时间留出来做快速阅读的话,正确率就会提高。因此我建议,尽可能把写作时间压缩到25分钟左右,将为你后面的快速阅读带来一些帮助。那么,如何分配这25分钟呢?首先你一定要用三分钟左右的时间思考作文题目(即审题)和写简要提纲,绝对不能跑题。跑题以后是不可能得高分的。接下来用20分钟左右的时间写完文章,最后留两分钟的时间检查一下。一定要注意检查。检查最好的方法是通读一下,按照你的语感检查哪个地方有问题。特别是要注意检查我们中国学生很容易犯一些中国式英语的表达方式和单复数及时态的一些错误。
对大家来说,写作最大的问题是:练得太少。那么平时怎样练呢?如果你觉得自己写一篇文章太难的话,你可以写一个段落,即四句到五句话组成的一个英语段落。如果你觉得,写一个段落都比较困难的话,你可以先写一个句子,把一个句子写好了,再写段落,最后上升到写文章,就简单多了。
阅读理解
新四级阅读加大了对考生阅读能力和阅读速度的考察力度,每篇文章的平均阅读量增大了,而且题型多样化了,由一种题型发展到四种题型。这四种题型分别是判断正误、补充句子、选词填空和四选一的选择题。
新四级阅读分成两大板块。一个是试卷第二部分———快速阅读理解。一个是试卷第四部分———仔细阅读理解。
快速阅读理解测试的重点是考察考生在短时间内获取篇章主旨和特定信息的能力。它的具体的形式是这
样的:要求在15分钟时间内阅读完大约1200个单词左右的阅读材料,然后要做十个题。这十个题目的前七个题是判断“对”,“错”,还是“未提及”。这是四级考试很难的一个题。因为我们以往在阅读理解中喜欢认为没有提到的即是错的,其实“未提及”和“错误”是两个概念“错误”是指和原文的内容完全矛盾;“未提及”是指原文中没有明确告知,但内容并不与原文矛盾。我举一个简单例子,比如说,在一篇阅读理解的原文中说到这样一句话:德国人喜欢吃汉堡包,然后在后面的选项里有这样一个选项:欧洲人喜欢吃汉堡包。按我们以前的思路,这个选项应该是错误的,因为它扩大了原来概念的范围。在新四级考试中我们应该判断它是“未提及”。因为你从原文信息中,只知道德国人喜欢吃汉堡包,而并没有得到除德国人之外的其他欧洲人是否喜欢吃汉堡包的信息,而且这个说法也和德国人喜欢吃汉堡包也并不矛盾。这种题是需要大家特别关注的问题。
快速阅读还有三道题是根据原文所提供的信息补充句子,这种题目并不难。只要大家找到了所需信息所在的地方,然后把它从原文中搬下来填空就可以了,基本上不需要变动原文信息。
快速阅读,要在短时间内,准确、有效地把后面的题目做对,我建议要先看题,再看文章,有目的的搜索相关信息。在原文中,尤其要注意各自然段的首句和末句,另外原文中的一些转折、比较的词语后面的信息极有可能会成为题目设计的来源。做快速阅读还要注意把握时间。在写作部分我已经提到,可以从写作中挤5分钟左右补充到快速阅读的时间当中来。这样,快速阅读就有二十分钟左右的时间,就相对要充裕得多。
阅读还有第二个版块,即试卷第四部分———仔细阅读理解。仔细语阅读理解又分A、B两个部分。A部分是一篇文章留有有十个空格,文章后面有15个单词,要求大家在里面选10个单词填到文章的空格中去。这个短文难度和长度比一般的文章简短一些,但是后面的单词相对比较难。B部分和老四级的阅读理解的考察方式一样。它里面包括两篇文章,文章的难度、长度,跟近几年老四级的阅读理解大体相同。仔细阅读理解的时间要求是在25分钟内完成。我建议,10分钟完成A部分,20分钟完成B部分。多用的这5分钟我们要从后面的Cloze部分借过来。阅读理解这一部分,总体来讲,它的阅读量是大大增加的,而所有的阅读时间加起来也就40分钟(快速阅读理解15分钟,仔细阅读理解25分钟),这就要求考生的阅读速度要大大提高。
做阅读理解这类题目,可以从以下几个环节着手:
一、阅读题目以预测文章内容
预测是指在阅读正文前,对文章进行预测性的主动思维。应该先读题目,后看文章。同时根据题目和平时的阅读经验设想一下文章可能涉及的内容,以及所使用的词汇类型与范围,乃至文章会涉及到的关键词,这些词汇都是在阅读文章,查询信息过程中的重要提示。
二、略读和寻读巧妙搭配
面对阅读这样一种题型,考生应该巧妙地将略读和寻读两种方法结合起来。而不要机械、孤立地使用某一种阅读方法。
略读(或称为跳跃式阅读)(skimming)的重点在于快速了解文章的中心思想。略读的方法是首先看一下标题(在有标题的情况下),接着读第一自然段,抓住中心思想,再浏览一下其他段落的首句和末句,最后读完结尾段。寻读的重点在于有目标地去找出文中某些特定的信息。寻读时,要以很快的速度扫视文章,确定所查询的信息范围,而与所查信息无关的内容可一掠而过。
三、注意首尾段和首尾句
阅读文章时要特别注意第一自然段和最后一个自然段。通过这两个自然段力求抓住文章的主旨大意。每个段落要注意首尾句提供的信息,因为这两个句子一般是中心句和结论句,通过这两个句子可以了解到一个自然段的段落大意。
四、注意标点符号
破折号、小括号、冒号这些标点符号的出现就是为了更进一步地解释它前面的信息。但快速阅读的时间紧,所以我们一般不阅读这些标点符号后面的内容。如果遇到后面的题目确实需要我们去查询这些标点
符号后面的内容,再去仔细地阅读它也不晚。这样我们才能快速地把握文章内容,提高阅读效率。
五、注意逻辑关系的运用
逻辑关系分布在文章的句子内部、句句之间、以及段落之间。最基本的逻辑关系有以下几种:
(1)因果关系:as a result,therefore,hence,consequently,because, for, due to等等。
(2)并列、递进关系:and, or, then,in addition,besides,in other words,moreover等等。
(3)转折关系:however,but, yet, in fact等等。
这些我们其实已经很熟悉的逻辑提示词在文
章中起的效果,并非仅仅是衔接句子。从阅读的角度来看,它们同时在给我们某种提示,告诉我们哪些句子是有效信息,相对重要的信息,哪些信息是相对不重要的信息。我们在做阅读理解的时候并不是为了完整翻译文章而进行阅读,而是为了获取某些信息而进行阅读。所以我们可以利用逻辑关系简化阅读。例如,表示并列、递进关系的词,意味着它们前后衔接的信息从主旨上没有发生变化,前后句子主旨是一致的,所以我们只选择其中的前一半进行阅读。这样,在保证了阅读质量的基础上,也极大地提高了阅读速度。而表示转折的词后面的内容我们就应该特别注意了,因为它后面的内容往往是题目设计的来源。
六、研读法以辅助
除了在阅读理解中运用略读法和寻读法之外,有时还需要仔细阅读文章的某一特定部分,力求对其有较深的理解,或对其进行归纳、总结、推断等。这时就需要对这部分进行仔细阅读,理解作者的言外之意。这种仔细的阅读方法就是研读法(study reading),通常适用于推断型阅读理解试题。这种方法在阅读中使用并不多,特别是在快速阅读中可能不需要使用,但它对于阅读的解题方法来说绝对是一个有力的补充。
听 力
新四级考试的听力分成三个部分。第一部分是听对话做四选一的选择题(八个短对话,两个长对话);第二部分是听短文(三篇段文)做四选一的选择题;第三部分是复合式听写。
新四级听力的特点如下:
一、语速加快,篇幅变长。旧四级听力的语速相对较慢,并且篇幅相对较短。在改革之前,据统计最长的文章大概是一分零八秒。但是改革之后,我们发现,第一篇短文的篇幅是在五自然段左右,这样的篇幅的短文在之前是很少见的。短对话句子长度增加,信息量增大。听力短对话部分虽然由原来的10题改为8题,但就其题目特点与解题思路而言与以往的老题型没有太大的差异。
二、语音也发生了变化。在改革之前,美式口音的比重比较大,但是现在英式口音的比重也越来越大。
三、文体变化。复合式听写在最开始的四级考试中,全部是故事类文体。这样的文章,相对来说比较容易听懂。当你向一个人讲故事的时候,你必须用很多口语词汇,而词汇肯定也不会太难。但是在2006年以后,这样故事类文体彻底消失了,变成了说明类文体。因为说明类文体的特点在于,必然采用一些书面词汇,这就增加了试题难度。而且说明类文体没有故事的脉络感,因此很难猜测到接下来会讲什么。
四、词汇难度加大。特别是复合式听写里面会出现很多难词。这样一些词都体现出四级考试逐渐涉及到生活的方方面面。这种词汇变化不仅体现在复合式听写中间,也体现在我们前面的短对话中。以名字为例,在改革之前,像城市的名字,无非是洛杉矶,纽约,东京这样一些名字。改革之后,出现了西雅图(Seattle)这样的名字,这样的名字对我们考生来说并不是非常熟悉。这就表明新四级考试更多的是对大家的应用能力进行考核。
我们可以从以下两个方面来着手准备新四级听力考试:
1、首先历年真题一定不能忽视。因为考试虽然有一些题型调整,但其实它的四种题型中,除了长对话在以前四级考试中没有出现过之外,其他题型全部是以前考过的,而且考过很多次,所以首先要以真题
为练习材料。
2、要多听。可以每天听一下中国国际广播电台,还可以听一下VOA,BBC的特别版,熟悉一些原汁原味的发音。还要多看一些报纸。《中国日报》、《人民日报》和中国国际广播电台他们的信息是共享的。同时中国国际广播电台的网站上也能找到相应的文字材料。在听的时候,一定要避免听了很久却什么都没听懂的现象。不需要听太多,每天听半个小时,但一定要倾听。在听的同时要记录一些关键词,训练自己快速反应,快速记录,以及长时间集中精力的能力。
完形填空
“完形填空部分的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力”,也即理解篇章和运用词汇和语法的能力。大学英语四级考试采用的完形填空题是:“在一篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约200-250词)内留有20个空白,每个空白为一题,每题有四个选择项,要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案,使短文的内容和结构恢复完整”,要求考生在15分钟内填完这20个空。
完形填空部分的解题方法我们可以把它分成以下几个步骤:
1、通读原文,了解大意
2、重视首句,把握开篇
3、细读文章、初选答案
4、回头补缺、核实答案
注意:在做题时,如果有的难题一时做不出来,应立刻跳过此题,继续往下做,不要在某一题上花费大量的时间。随着空格变得越来越少,对文章的理解也会越来越轻松,有时就能从下文的线索和暗示中找到答案,这样再回过头来填上答案,也未为晚矣。题目填完后(除个别难度较大的题目外),考生应利用一到两分钟将答案带入原文通读,通读的目的是通过“语感”来核实答案。这样读下来,不仅可以改正填错的词,而且还可以在这一过程中得到启发,把做不上来的题目填出来。上面讲到做仔细阅读理解部分的时候,我建议大家从完形填空里面借5分钟。所以做完形填空部分的时间就只有10分钟了,大家要注意把握时间。
翻 译
新四级考试的最后一个部分是翻译,要求5分钟处理5个句子。新四级试卷上的翻译部分名为翻译,实为补全句子,考查语法结构和词组运用知识。每句只涉及15个左右的单词,需添入的部分也只有3到8个单词。其中隐含着四级水平考生应当掌握的句型、语法、词组知识点,所以其实这一部分并不难。这部分只考查汉译英,没有英译汉。大学英语综合教程中,每课都有汉译英练习,因此,翻译应该是大家非常熟悉的题型。翻译部分内容单纯,不需要专业理论知识。题目内容没有高难度的新闻翻译、文学翻译等等,只是一般的短句翻译。
附:2006-06-24全真题翻译部分:
87.Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ________________(找到去历史博物馆的路).88.______________________(为了挣钱供我上学),Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.89.The professor required that__________________(我们交研究报告)by Wednes-day.90.The more you explain, _________________(我愈糊涂).91.Though a skilled worker, _______________(他被公司解雇了)last week because of the economic crisis.翻译部分大家需要注意的是:
1、正确的拼写和语法。
2、字迹工整。
3、做完题目要把你翻译的部分带入全句,通过读的方法来检查是否有语法错误。
整体而言,经过改革以后的四六级考试能够更加有效地考查同学们的英语实际应用能力,更加强调考生对于英语的应用能力。你的实际英语水平是什么样子,这个考试能够更加客观公正地反映出来。新四级
考试虽然取消了词汇和语法的单项选择这种题型,但是并不等于对考生的词汇和语法知识不作要求。对词汇和语法的考察是贯穿于所有的新四级题型当中,只不过考察方式更加灵活而已。有的同学英语基础知识比较薄弱并且只会做四选一的D选择题。那么经过这次改革,这样的同学必然需要重视一些英语的基本能力的培养和提高。
虽然考试的题型发生了一些变化,但实质是没有变的,对英语能力的考察也是没有变的。只要大家认真准备,平常多积累,同时多研究一些新的样题,一定会在四级考试中取得好成绩!第 134 期 外语教学参考网络版:西南石油大学现代教育技术中心