第一篇：浙江省湖州市2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题含答案
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.What is the weather like now? A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.2.What does the man want to order? A.French fries.B.A large soft drink.C.A bacon sandwich, 3.Where is Jacob now? A.Ai home.supermarket.4.What do the speakers mainly talk about? A.Having a class reunion.B.Planning a birthday party.C.Visiting a family member.5.What is the man’s job? A.He is a model.B.He is a designer.C.He is a salesman.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
B.At school.C.At
a 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。What does the man think of the jeans? A.They are too long.B They are too short.C.They the wrong style.7.When will the man pick up the jeans? A.Tomorrow.B.This evening.afternoon.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.What vehicle did the woman just take? A.A taxi
B.A plane.9.How long will the woman rent the car for? A.Four days.B.Five days.days.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。Where will the woman go tomorrow morning? A.To the airport B.To a tennis court.C.To the police station.11.What is the purpose of the woman’s visit to London? A.Taking a holiday.B.Going on a business trip.C.Checking out some schools.12.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Classmates.B.Boss and employee.C.Father and daughter.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Why didn’t the man want to take part in the contest at first? A.He feels nervous singing alone.C.This
C.A train.C.Seven B.He doesn’t like singing.C.He dislikes his voice.14.How many people has the woman been practicing with? A.One.B.Two.C.Three.15.What day is it today? A.Tuesday.B.Wednesday.C.Thursday.16.Where will the speakers practice together? A.At John’s house B.At the school canteen.C.At the local community center 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.When did Jordan go to college? A.In 1981.B.In 1984.C.In 1990.18.Where did Jordan win his first Olympic gold medal? A.In Chicago.B.In Barcelona.C.In Los Angeles.19.What did Jordan do in 1993? A.He joined the NBA.B.He retired from basketball.C.He returned to the Bulls.20.How long did Jordan play professional baseball for? A.About two years.years.第二部分；阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A After a terrible electrical accident, which caused him to become both blind and
B.About five years.C.About six deal, the whole world became completely dark and quiet for Robert Edwards for almost ten years.The loss of sight and hearing threw him into such sorrow that he tried a few times to put an end to his life.His family, especially his wife, did their best to tend and comfort him and finally he regained the will to live.One hot summer afternoon, he was taking a walk with a slick near his house when a thunderstorm started all at once.He stood under a large tree to avoid getting wet, but he was struck by the lightning.Witness thought he was dead but he woke up some 20 minutes later lying face down in muddy water at the base of the tree.He was trembling badly, but when he opened his eyes, he could hardly believe what he sow---a plough and a wall.When Mrs Edwards came running up to him, shouting to their neighbors to call for help, he could see her and heat her voice for the first time in nearly ten years.The news of Robert regaining his sight and hearing quickly spread, and many doctors came to examine him.Most of them said that he regained hit sight and hearing from the shock he got from the lightning.However, none of them could give a correct as to why this should have happened.The only reasonable explanation given by one doctor was that, since Robert lost his sight and hearing as a result of sudden shock, perhaps the only way for him to regain them was by another sudden shock.21 The reason for Robert’s attempts to kill himself was that.A.nobody in the world eared about him B.a terrible traffic accident happened to him C.he was struck by the lightning once more D.he couldn’t stand living in a dark and silent world 22.What was Robert doing when he was struck by the lightning? A.Sheltering from the rain under u tree.B.Lying on the ground.C.Taking a walk with a stick.D.Driving a car.23.We can inter from the text that.A.many doctors came because Robert was badly injured B.there was no exact explanation for Robert’s recovery C.Robert’s wife sent for doctors immediately after the shock D.a sudden injury in the head led to Robert’s recovery 24.What’s the best title of the whole passage? A.Terrible Electrical Accident.B.Robert Edwards and His Wife.C.What a Sudden Shock.D.An Unforgettable Experience.B Eating is best when it’s a social occasion.Think of the meal a family enjoys in the evening when everyone’s together after work or school, or the big get-togethers over food at Spring Festival.But now, in the age of the internet and social media, anyone with an internet connection can enjoy a social eating event.Mukbangis an unusual food eraze that’s sweeping the country.This is a meal where only one person gets to eat, while viewers watch live streams of hosts devouring large quantities of food.They leave comments on the dishes the host is tucking into, and the host responds to them live.So why have people taken to this unusual new food trend? Jeff Yang, an Asian-American cultural critic, thinks that it’s down to “the loneliness of unmarried or uncoupled South Koreans”.He believes that eating on your own can be hard in a country like South Korea, where social eating is such a long tradition.However, mukbang gives people the feeling that they seems to be part of something larger.Millions of people have trouble with food.Either they eat too much of it, or too little.Some say that the popularity of mukbang helps people with these disorders.Those who always eat too much and put on weight can watch mukbang streams to satisfy their appetite.And those who don’t eat enough can build their appetite by watching delicious food bong eaten.Even though mukbang is a South Korean phenomenon, it’s also taken off in the US.But unlike South Koreans who sit down to enjoy noodles and kimchi, Americans enjoy their own native dishes.This means that viewers of US mukbang streamers will see locals stuffing themselves with hamburgers, fries and ice cream.25.According to Paragraph 2.“eating broadcast” is.A.a TV show in which only one person gets to cat while viewers watch B.a live program where a host is crazy about various kinds of food C.a fashion that many viewers watch one person eating large quantities of food D.an online broadcast where a host cats lots of food while interacting with viewers 26.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Americans would like to sit down to enjoy noodles and kimchi.B.Mukbang is becoming more and more popular in the US.C.The dishes of South Korea are also popular in the US.D.Viewers of US will see South Koreans feeding themselves with hamburgers and fries.27.What’s the author’s attitude towards this new food trend? A.Objective.D.Worried.C Throughout modern history, there has perhaps never been a scientist as iconic(标志性的)as Stephen Hawking.On March 14, the British physicist passed away at his home in Cambridge, England.Since then, many people have expressed their condolences on social media.Whether be was educating the world with his knowledge of the universe, or making fun of himself in TV shows like The Simpsons, it’s hard to imagine what the world will be like now Hawking is no longer in it.Hawking was an icon for many reasons, but he will be best remembered for his work in the field of science.Building on German scientist Albert Einstein’s work.Hawking explained his belief that space started with the Big Bang, and will end with black holes.This proposal kicked off a series of investigations, including into the origin of the universe itself.“This complex set of law can give us the answers to questions like how did the universe begin,” Hawking wrote in his 2010 work The Grand Design.B.Negative.C.Favorable.“Where is it going and will it have an end? If so, how will it end?”
His work in science abide, he also managed to overcome many difficulties in his personal life.While studying for a postgraduate degree in cosmology at Cambridge University, he was diagnosed with motor neurone disease at the age of 21.His illness left him paralyzed and he was told he only had a short time to live.However, he went on to become one of the greatest minds the world has ever known.“I felt it was very unfair---why should this happen to me,” he wrote in his 2013 memoir.“At the time, I thought my life was over and that I would never realize the potential I felt I had.But now, 50 years later, I can he quietly satisfied with my life.”
Hawking leaves behind a great legacy.His signature book A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes published in 1988, became one of the world’s best-soiling science publications.He inky no longer be with us, but Hawking will continue to inspire the world for generations to come.As he once said himself, “Look up at the stars and not down at your feet.”
28.What can we know about Stephen Hawking from the passage? A.He left us humans a priceless legacy, A Brief History of Time.B.He was born with a disease which left him paralyzed.C.He was well-known as an icon only for his achievement in science.D.He always complained life was unfair to him after he became paralyzed.29.The underlined words “kick off” in Paragraph 3 can be best replaced by.A.answer for D.lead to
B.set off
C.put forward
30.What is conveyed in the sentence “Look up at the stars and not down at your feet.”? A.Just do what you love and believe in, and success will come naturally.B.However tough life may seem, be curious and there is always hope ahead.C.Be determined and confident rather than keep feeling frustrated all day D.You cannot improve your past, but you can improve your future.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ways to boost your chances of a good night’s rest Experts have found more evidence of the harm caused by disturbing our body clocks, linking it to depression and mental disorder.It’s a warning to our body’s natural rhythms, which influence our sleep as well as a range of other processes in our body.Here are the things we can do for a good night’s sleeps? • Limit evening light.Are you inseparable from your mobile phone? Do you chock your social media late into the night? 31 These devices produce powerful blue light that is particularly bad for our sleep.Having a cut-off time for stopping using these devices of an hour and a half before bed is ideal.We should also limit other forms of electric light after surest.• 32 A glass or two of wine, or a sip or two of brandy, for many is a pre-bed routine.But despite what you might think, experts say that a glass of wine before bedtime actually doesn’t improve our sleep.Alcohol has a strange effect in that it makes it easier to fall asleep, but it make it harder to stay asleep and it affects the quality of our sleep.• Be consistent.It may be tempting to stay up late on Friday or Saturday.33 This helps to reduce social mismatch between when we sleep during the working week compared with the weekend.The bigger the social mismatch, the more harmful it is for health.• Have a pre-bed routine.Having a pre-bed routine helps signal to our bodies that it’s time for sleep.Activities such as reading a book or having a bath can help to mentally relax and get us ready for bed.Parents do this with their child to get good sleep.They have a set routine where they feed, bath their children and put them into bed.34 • Make your bedroom a place of rest.Easily portable computers and phones have transformed our bedrooms from sanctuaries(保护区)of rest into places of entertainment.Bui if we want to boost our chances of a good night’s rest, we need to reclaim them for sleep.35 Keeping your bedroom cool is also important because it’s easier for our bodies to sleep in colder temperatures.A.Avoid a night wine.B.Get a good night’s sleep.C.If so, you’re likely to be disturbing your sleep.D.There’s nothing around them and then they read them a story.E.To do this we should keep phones and computers in other rooms.F.Our body clocks are designed to follow the rise and toll of our sleep.G.However, ideally we should go to bed at similar times throughout the week.第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was seventh grade, I volunteered at a local hospital during the summer.I spent most of the time there with Mr.Gillespie.He never had any.and 36 , and nobody seemed to care about his condition.I spent many days there 37 his hand talking him, helping with anything that needed to be done.He became a close friend of mine.38 he responded with only a(n)39 squeeze of my hand.Mr.Gillespie was in a coma(昏迷).I left for a week, and when I came back, Mr.Gillespie was 40 I didn’t have the 41 to ask any of the nurses where he was, for 42 that they might tell me be had died.43 with many questions 44 , I continued to volunteer there.Several years later, I was at a gas station when I noticed a 45 face.When I realized who it was, my eyes filled with tears.He was alive!I 46 the courage to ask him if his name was Mr.Gillespie, and if he had been in a coma about five years ago.With a(n)47 look on his face, he replied yes.I explained how I knew him.His eyes welled up with tears, and he gave me the warmest hug.He began to tell me how, as he 48 there comatose(昏迷的), he could hear me talking to him the whole time.He thought it was an angel, not a person, who was there with him.Mr.Gillespie firmly believed that it was my 49 and touch that had kept him alive.Then he told me about his life and what had 50 him before he was put in the coma.We both cried for a while, said our goodbyes and 51 our separate ways.Although I have not seen him since then, he fills my heart with 52 every day.I know that I made a 53 between his life and his death.More 54 , he has made a very big difference in my life, too.I will never forget him and what he 55 for me: he made me an angel.36.A.relatives
friends 37.A shaking
D.holding 38.A.if
D.when 39.A.specific D.evident 40.A.dead unconscious 41.A.courage
D.feeling 42.A.exchange 43.A.So
While 44.A.unsolved uncovered 45A.familiar
expected 46.A.let out
D.got up 47.A.determined D.excited 48.A.lay
kneed 49.A.courage
D.care
B.visitors
B.breaking
B.as if
B.occasional B.lost
B.opportunity B.fear
B.But
B.undone
B.strange
B.got into
B.uncertain
B.laid
B.noise
C.doctors
C taking
C.even if
C.potential C.gone
C.attempt C.convenience
C.Although
C.unanswered
C.same
C.put up
C.ashamed
C sat
C.voice
D.D.D.sure
D.D.D.D.50.A.happened to D.met with
B.come around
C.came about
51.A.ran went
B.stepped
C.wandered
D.52.A.curiosity appreciation
B.joy
C.sympathy
D.53.A.difference turn 54.A.absolutely D.importantly
B.comment
C.promise
D.B.particularly
C.clearly
55.A.contributed D.sacrificed
B.headed
C.did
第Ⅱ卷
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
Smoking cigarettes, as is known to all, produces a good many harmful
56(effect)on health.So why do so many adolescents still smoke? 57(drive)by curiosity, some may just want to experiment, 58(think)it makes them look tough or cool.Others may think it will help them with stress in their lives possibly due to pressure from parents or teachers.What they do not realize is how easy it is to become addicted to smoking.At first, they become 59(physical)addicted to nicotine, which 60(mean)that after a while their bodies become accustomed to having nicotine in them.Then they become addicted through habit.When they do the same thing over and over again, they begin to do 61 automatically.In fact it is the mental addiction rather than the physical one 62 makes it really hard to quit smoking.Sadly the withdrawal symptoms can be quite severe for some people.When 63 adolescent realizes how 64(fit)he or she is becoming, it is too late.Of course the best way to deal with the problem is not to get 65 the habit in the first place!第四部分：写作（共两节；满分40分）第一节：应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的一位美国笔友Jeff询问你的暑假安排，请根据以下要点给他回一封电子邮件，要点如下：
1.外出旅游； 2.分担家务；
3.个人兴趣（如学骂驶，学乐器等）。注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
第二节：概要写作(满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
Normally and naturally, a daughter is more attached to her mother in comparison to her father or other siblings.The attachment is also due to the fact that the daughter finds it caster to confide in(向…吐露个人隐私)the mother on personal and biological matters at different stages while growing up.The bonding between mother and daughter will increase with their being together and going out on an excursion.An excursion is a journey to some far-off place undertaken by people.It is not necessary that such a trip he taken on a lavish(奢侈)scale involving lot of money.It can be as short as an overnight trip to some place to improve bonding.A mother can plan a trip to some local spa without the knowledge of her daughter.She can be ready with baggage packed and wait for the moment the daughter comes back from school.Once in the hotel they can enjoy the night together gelling refreshing treatments like manage.After relaxing spa they can laze in bed, enjoying favourite food or drink and if possible enjoying nature through the window.After a long period of relaxation, going out for a walk together will improve bonding.Going out overnight to enjoy comforting walk at the beach, strolling and relaxing at intervals without the interference of any other person can be a great idea of bonding.Being of the same sex, and often having the same set of likes and dislikes, they can spend time on makeup or applying nail polish etc.The daughter should never forget to thank the mother for the wonderful time they spent together, and the mother should never hesitate to say a few words of praise to the daughter.Going mil for shopping together is a good bonding idea too.It is not essential that lots of money should be spent on shopping.The mother can take the daughter to some shops where she can buy her uniform or some other things.They can jointly enjoy window shopping, expressing love for and gratitude to the other.浙江省湖州市2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试题答案
1-5 BCBCC 6-10 AABCC 11-15 CAABB 16-20 AACBA 21-25 DABCD 26-30 BAABB 31-35 CAGDE 36-40 BDCBC 41-45 ABACA 46-50 DBACA 51-55 DBADC 56.effects 57.Driven 58.thinking 59.physically 60.means 61.it/that 62.that 63.an 64.unfit 65.into Dear Jeff, The approaching summer vacation makes me extremely excited.So valuable is it that I cannot let it pass meaninglessly.I’ll schedule the first few days on a journey with several friends to refresh myself.Then it’s a must to share some daily routine with my mother, who has been doing a lot for me.Meanwhile, I’ll spend time improving my skill at playing the piano.Of course, my last plan is to get a driving license.What about your arrangements?
Yours truly，Li Hua
第二篇：高二下学期英语试题
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分45分)
第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21.You may use the room as you like, you clean it up afterwards.A.as ifB.so long asC.now thatD.as far as
made Carl determined to give up smoking?
--------Watching how his father died in pain from lung cancer.A.whichB.howC.whoD.that
23.-----Did you enjoy your holiday in London,Betty?
------.We couldn`t have chosen a more pleasant place.A.Sounds greatB.Not at allC.Never mindD.Absolutely
24.To enjoy the view on the way, Mary would rather spend long
hours on the train travel by air.A.asB.toC.thanD.while
25.I wish I a chance to talk to you last night, but you left so early.A.haveB.hadC.had hadD.will have, which are short,beautiful and rhythmic.A.novelsB.poemsC.booksD.passages
27.-------I am still working on my project.-------Oh, you`ll miss the deadline.Time is.A.running outB.going outC.giving outD.losing out
for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the film so often.A.If it is notB.Were it notC.Had it not beenD.If they were not
to make himself a cup of tea.A.readingB.readC.to readingD.to read
I was in trouble,he would come to help me out.A.Next timeB.The first timeC.All the timeD.Every time
31.I find important to have some communicative skills.A.itB.meC.themD.you
that she was two hours late on sucha short trip.A.came overB.came outC.came aboutD.came up
33.Mr.Smith, of thespeed,started to read a novel.A.tired, boringB.tiring, boredC.tired, boredD.tiring,boring
it began to rain.A.beforeB.durningC.whileD.when
his homework, he went out to meet his friends.A.Having finishedB.finishedC.To be finishedD.To finish
第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题l.5分，满分30分)
Once upon a time, there lived many doves(鸽子)in the jungle.One day they went out in search of food.They flew long distancesdid not get anything to eat.All of them were now completely
A young dove asked the King Dove, “Your Majesty(陛下), please us to take some rest.” The king replied, “Have.We shallget something to eat very
soon.”
The young dove started flapping(拍打)his wings withand soon left everyone else behind.After some time, heand spoke to others, “Hey, I see lots of down there.”
Hearing this, all the doves started the scattered(散落的)grains under a banyan tree.the King Dove said, “It is too good to be true.There is something wrong.Don’t rush towards the grains.It may be a 陷阱).”
But the doves were extremely hungry.The of the grains was too tempting(诱惑人的).Without giving a(n)to the king’s advice, they swooped(突然下降)down and started eating the grains.After having a big that they were caught in a net.The King Dove said, “I told you before that it is a trick of some hunter.” All of them felt ashamed and.One of them said to the King Dove, “Oh, Your Majesty, please save us.”
So the King Dove said, “All of you must try to fly with the same all of you.”
Just then they saw a(n)show up.The King Dove said, “Now all of you, fly together.”So all the doves flapped their wings together and flew with the net.The hunter stood shocked.He couldn’t what he had just seen.36.A.butB.andC.soD.however
37.A.excitedB.surprisedC.tiredD.embarrassed
38.A.letB.leaveC.permitD.accept
39.A.restB.courageC.luckD.belief
40.A.slowlyB.perhapsC.possiblyD.surely
41.A.surpriseB.pleasureC.forceD.anger
42.A.turned downB.turned backC.held backD.held down
43.A.personsB.huntersC.plantsD.grains
44.A.rushing towards B.looking forC.picking upD.dropping down
45.A.GladlyB.AmazedlyC.Hardly
46.A.magicB.trickC.dream
47.A.colorB.smellC.viewD.SuddenlyD.mistakeD.sight
48.A.soundB.thoughtC.ideaD.care
49.A.meetingB.discussionC.mealD.break
50.A.appreciateB.understandC.realizeD.concern
51.A.pleasedB.scaredC.fullD.sick
52.A.food
53.A.wayB.kingC.netB.placeC.circleD.wingD.direction
54.A.hunterB.guideC.adultD.child
55.A.believeB.rememberC.tellD.catch
第三部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Moving to a new city and state was difficult for me, especially in winter.Little did I know that a Colorado snowstorm would greet me after I had been in my new home for only a week.I just missed home.But more than the old house and the beach, I missed Stacey, my best friend.And I missed our lovely tea.Going to a sweet little tearoom, we had discovered was a special us.The place was a Victorian dream, with delicate teacups and tablecloths with flower prints.The hat shelf near the front door swept us back to childhood.Stacey and I became little girls, trying on different hats until we found the perfect one for our dress-up tea party.We would then choose a lovely table and order our tea.That was a precious time, filled with laughter between scones（煎饼）and sharing our lives between tiny cucumber sandwiches.Springtime descended upon Denver, and the sun lightened my heart.But I still fought loneliness almost every day.I decided to explore the Denver area.While my husband went to the office, I took time to see what our new area had to offer.One day, I was walking along the street when suddenly the words “Tea Leaves” caught my eye.A tea room? Here, in the land of loneliness and pain?
I walked through the doors, and tears came to my eyes.It was a beautiful room, not Victorian, but simple and lovely.I sat down and ordered a pot of tea, a cucumber sandwich, and some scones.It felt silly and wonderful---and it felt like home.For the first time since moving, I felt as if this new city and state could be, would eventually be, my home.I would come back here and bring new friends.When Stacey visited, we would come here.I lifted my cup and made a silent toast.I toasted Stacey, whom I missedly, and I toasted the sweet little tearoom that lessened my pain.56.The author's hometown ______________.A.never snowsB.is still warm in winter C.has a long history D.is in an area by the sea
57.The underlined word “treat” in Paragraph 2 probable means ____________.A.delicious foodB.something pleasant
C.serviceD.a kind of tea party
58.We can know from Paragraph 3 that the author ______________.A.didn't adapt to the new life
B.felt comfortable in the new environment in spring
C.didn't feel lonely any more in spring
D.wanted to actively adapt to the new environment
59.Which of the following about “Tea Leaves” is true?
A.It made the author recall her childhood.B.It looks silly and wonderful.C.Cucumber sandwiches and scones are its specialties.D.It touched the author.60.We can infer from the text that the author would probably ____________.A.open her own teahouse B.ask the owner of the teahouse to decorate it like a home
C.make new friends in DenverD.go back to her hometown to visit Stacey
B
Pigs are always considered dirty animals because they roll in mud．But in fact they preferbeing quite clean．They cover themselves with mud to help stay cool．During cooler weather,they prefer to stay clean．So do elephants,who also cover themselves in dust or mud to keep cool．When they find a place with clean water they will take a bath，using their long noses to givethemselves—or each other—a nice shower
Some animals use dust to get clean．Chinchillas(南美洲栗鼠)have very fine fur． They don`t like to take water baths because water is not warm enough for them．So, instead, they rollaround in
fine dust．The dust helps to keep their fur and skin dry．This protects them from disease
Usually, a small bird is a light meal for a crocodile．But when a crocodile wants its teethcleaned．it lies on the ground with its mouth open．The crocodile bird goes in and picks out anyparasites(寄生虫)between the crocodile`s teeth or under its tongue．The crocodile gets its mouth cleaned，and the crocodile bird gets dinner．
You wouldn`t think fish would need baths．But some undersea parasites live under thefish`s skin．“Cleaner”fish，like the wrasse(隆头鱼)，help take them away．The wrasse stands on its head and dances to signal a big fish that it is ready to go into the cleaning business．The big fish will stop moving and open its mouth wide so the wrasse can swim inside and pick outparasites and bits of food．
61．The passage is mainly about how animals．
A．stay cleanB．help each otherC．get their foodD．Take baths
62．What can we learn from the first paragraph about pigs?
A．They can help each other take baths． B．They are dirtier during cooler weather．
C．They prefer taking baths to rolling in mud D．They like to stay cool and clean． 63Chinchillas use dust to get clean for the following reasons EXCEPT that．
A.dust can dry their fur and skinB．They are not good at swimming
C．Water is too cold for themD．Dust is good for their health
64．From Paragraphs 3 and 4，we earl know that．
A．some animals can get clean from others`help B．Most animals are friendly to each other
C．small animals couldn`t get food from big ones D．All of the animals prefer to stay clean
65．We can infer from the last paragraph that the wrasse
A．is often eaten by other fishB．1ikes under other fish`s skin
C．is a small kind of fishD．1ikes taking baths
C
1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business.But he was not a good artist.So he invented a very simple camera(照相机).He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden.That was the first photo.The next important date in the history of photography was 1837.That year, Daguerre, another Frenchman, took a picture of his studio.He used a new kind of camera and a different processs.In his pictures, you could see everything very clearly, even the smallest details.This kind of photograph was called a daguerreotype.Soon, other people began to use Daguerre's process.Travellers brought back daguerreotypes from all around the world.People photographed famous buildings, cities and mountains.In about 1840, the process was improved.Now photographers could take pictures of people and moving things.The process was not simple.The photographers had to carry lots of film and processing equipment.But this did not stop the photographers, especially in the United States, where from the 1840s daguerreotype artists were popular in most cities.Mathew Brady was a well-known American photographer.He took many pictures of famous people.The pictures were unusual because they were very life-like and full of personality.Brady was also the first person to take pictures of war.His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities.They made the war seem more real and more terrible.In the 1880s, new inventions began to change photography.Photographers could buy film readymade in rolls.So they did not have to make the film immediately.They could bring it back to
their studios and develop it later, meaning that they did not have to carry lots of equipment.And finally, the invention of the small handheld camera made photography less expensive.With the small camera, anyone could be a photographer.People began to use cameras just for fun.They took pictures of their families, friends and favourite places.They called these pictures “snapshots”.Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s.Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs.These pictures showed true events and people.They were much more real than drawings.Photography had turned into a form of art by the beginning of the 20th century.Some photographs were not just copies of the real world.They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.66.The passage is mainly about______________.A.the invention of cameras
C.the development of photographyB.a kind of new art--photography D.the different uses of cameras in history
67.The first pictures of a war were taken by ____________.A.a French photographer in the 1840sB.an American photographer in the 1860s
C.a German reporter in the 1880sD.a French artist in the 1890s
68.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the photography in the 19th century?
A.It was mainly based on the invention of the first photograph.B.Photographers were popular in the United States because they carried lots of equipment.C.Photographers used to make film themselves and developed it immediately after taking a photo.D.Small handheld cameras made it possible for anyone to become a gifted photographer.69.In which order are the following statements mentioned in the passage?
a.Photographs became popular in newspapers.b.Photographers carried processing equipment when taking pictures.c.The invention of small handheld cameras made photography easier.d.Daguerre invented a kind of photograph called daguerreotype.e.Brady took pictures of famous people.A.e,a, d, b, cB.d, b, e, c, a
C.b, e, c, a, dD.d, c, e, a , b
70.Photography can also be an art form because artists can ____________.A.take anything they likeB.keep a record of real life
C.take photos of the famousD.show ideas and feelings in pictures
第三篇：浙江省温州市新力量联盟2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试语文试题含答案
2017 学年第二学期温州新力量联盟期末联考
高二年级语文学科试题
命题：金乡高级中学 李满意 审核：钱库高级中学 陈洪喜
考生须知：
1.本卷共 8 页，满分 150 分，考试时间 150 分钟。
2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。
3.所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。
一、语言文字运用(共 20 分,其中选择题每小题 3 分)1.下列词语中加点的字的读音全都正确的一组是（）A.不屑（xiè）．舌
B.拮据（jū）．按捺(nài)．
跛脚（bǒ）． 筵席（yán)．
大雨滂沱． 磋商（cuō）．
瞠目．嫉（jí）妒 ．
笑靥（yǎn）．
令人咋（zhà）．（pāng）C．龌龊（wò）． 脍炙人口（kuài）D．侥幸（jiǎo）．．
余勇可贾（gǔ）．（chēng）癖好（pì）．2.下列各句中，没有错别字的一组是（）
A．目前，出口疲软，消费低迷，种种手段难以有效促进经济增长，而固定资产投资却可以产 生立杆见影的效果，因而成为各方关注的焦点。
B．书刊要装帧，门面要装潢，居室要装修，营造一个舒适温馨而又口味高雅的家可以说是工 薪阶层中许多人的梦想。
C．季羡林先生是一位有原则的知识分子，对许多重大问题，他都提出过自己的意见，只不过 他很少采取金刚怒目的方式，而是绵里藏针，微言大意。
D．散文是倍受读者青睐的文体，古今中外的散文家凭借生花妙笔，写下了无数文采斐然、脍 炙人口的名篇。3～4 阅读下面的文字，完成 题。
（甲）报纸广告、户外广告、电视广告……，如今，几乎在人类生存的任何一个角落里，都充溢．． 着广告的身影，它也已经成为人们司空见惯的信息传播方式。但是，让很多人没有想到的是，在 距今．．．．一千多年前的唐宋时期，属于现代商业手段的广告已经相当发达。“当日晌午时分，武松走得肚中饥渴，望见前面有一酒店，挑着一面招旗在门前上头，写着五个字道‘三碗不过冈’（乙）”。这是《水浒传》中“景阳冈武松打虎”一节中的情节。现代社会的人们，可能对广告的狂轰滥炸 产生了厌倦，但假如是在一千多年前的瓷器上作广告，那就能让人耳目一新了。唐代的长沙窑有 ．．．．“郑家小口天下有名”“、卞家小口天下第一”的铭文;（丙）北京故官博物院收藏的一件白釉花
口瓶，腹上刻有“丁道刚作瓶大好。”这样的自吹自擂，一点也不比现代广告逊色。相对明清瓷 器上的“玉堂佳器”“美玉雅玩”、“奇珍如玉”、等等，却没有唐人的直率，反而给人一种羞羞答 答．．的感觉。
3．文段中的加点词，运用不正确的一项是（）
A．充溢 B．司空见惯 C．耳目一新 D．反而 4．文段中画横线的甲、乙、丙句，标点不正确的一项是（）A．甲 B．乙 C．丙 5.下列各句中没有语病的一句是（）
A.曾记否，我与你认识的时候，还是个十来岁的少年，纯真无瑕，充满幻想。B.加强和改进艺术评论工作，引领艺术创作和群众艺术鉴赏水平，纠正不良创作倾向，是艺 术评论家必须承担的职责。C．在线教师时薪过万的消息自从引发社会关注后，每一个教育工作者都应意识到，如何与力 量巨大的互联网相处正成为教育不得不直面的问题。
D.随着科技的发展，一种新型手机已经问世，它具有指纹识别功能，由于使用太阳能电池，能耗较低，并且有光即可充电。
6.下列是针对彩票公益金的两个调查数据饼形图，阅读后，请针对图一拟写一个结论，针对图 二向相关管理部门拟写一条建议。要求：不出现具体数字，每条结论在 20 字以内。(5 分)
结论：
二、现代文阅读（共 30 分）
（一）阅读下面的文字，完成 7-9 题。（10 分）寻找文化
怀旧的工业根基
⑴美国一家创新机构日前发明了一种混合餐具筷叉（Chork）。它由两根独立的叉子组成，单 用时为叉子，组合起来掉个头用，就是一双筷子，可以轻松地夹起诸如寿司之类的东方食物，这 项发明可满足东西方用餐者的不同需求。奇怪的是，如此机智的设计却跟中国人无关。中国没有
一个本土设计师设想过这种筷与叉的联盟。在工业设计的创造力方面，我们注定要面对这种
建议：.令人 尴尬的事实。
⑵“文化产业大发展”的口号早已响彻云霄。但基于原创力的狭小瓶颈，中国文化产业的品 质，始终未能获得根本性的改观。其中最引人注目的动漫产业，尽管产量的 GDP 不断上升，却 无法重返 60-80 年代的黄金时代。去年上影集团将 60 年代《大闹天宫》翻新为 3D 片，耗资巨 大，结果由于立体效果不佳，观众恶评如潮，上映几天便偃旗息鼓。但《大闹天宫》3D 版的挫 败，以及《泰坦尼克号》3D 版的成功，却为原创力衰弱的中国电影产业，提供了“以旧翻新” 的权宜性策略。在原创力尚未复苏之前，中国的文化产业，只能走贩卖“古董”的怀旧道路。只 要处理得当，“古董”也还能再继续为文化产业的短期增长，贡献出有限的原料、题材和动力。
⑶中唱上海分公司最近推出一套复刻版黑胶唱片，其中包括《黄河》《梁山伯与祝英台小、提 琴协奏曲》以及周璇、白光和姚莉三张人声专辑。《梁祝》定价高达 300 元一张，但销售良好，目前已经接近告罄。而价格高昂的原因之一，是必须拿到德国去加工生产，因为中国的最后一条 流水线，在 1998 年被拆除了。具有讽刺意味的是，正是这家中唱上海分公司，将经典款黑胶唱 片生产设备，据说以一万元人民币的废铁价，卖给了日本人。但那些沉浸于“现代化”狂喜的中 国官员没有料到，仅仅过了十几年，这种“过时的”技术竟然卷土重来，成为文化市场的重大题 材。
⑷人们究竟要从黑胶唱片中获取什么呢？那些在制作、贩运和收藏过程中出现的“擦痕”与 “杂质”，制造出“有意味的噪音”，并融入音乐，构成老歌和老杂音相混的声音织体，为历史怀 旧提供了真切的讯息母本。
⑸这就是老唱片重出江湖的原因。在夜阑人静的黑夜，细小的唱针在飞旋的黑胶唱片上摩擦，释放出“有意味的杂音”，仿佛是流逝岁月的刻痕，跟音乐一起，去点燃细小的感伤火焰。这是 所有黑胶唱片消费者所期待的柔软场景。而那些可资缅怀的“杂质”，大量存在于机械制造时代 的各种产品中，如感光胶片、电子管大盘带录音机、用以播放黑胶唱片的机械唱机等等。它们曾 在旧工业时代担纲文化主角，却在 90 年代第二次改革开放浪潮中被彻底遗弃，成为历史的悲剧 性过客。
⑹上世纪末的国企改造，大幅推进中国工业现代化进程的同时也付出了沉重的代价：大量民 族工业企业被粗暴地摧毁，积蓄百年的近现代工业制造技术，顷刻间化为乌有。电子管收音机、机械照相机、感光胶片等等，所有这些能够产生“文化杂质”的装备，早已荡然无存。这是一场 彻底的文化清洗，它逼迫中国人向工业遗产告别，却没有为未来的记忆，保留最基本的生存空间，以致我们今天必须到德国，利用他们的古老设备去印制黑胶唱片，由此为强大的欧洲文化产业注 血。历史大声嘲笑了那些目光短浅的政经庸人。
（载自《新世纪周刊》2012 年第 16 期，略有改动）
7．下列关于《大闹天宫》3D 版挫败的原因分析最准确的一项是（（3）分）A．选材陈旧，缺乏新意，走贩卖“古董”的怀旧道路。B．电影的宣传力度不够，上映几天就偃旗息鼓。C．在原创力衰弱的情况下，影片对旧题材的处理又不得当。D．观众恶评如潮，抑制了其他观众观看的欲望。
8．下列关于文中划线内容“有意味的杂音”理解不正确的一项是（（3）分）A．“有意味的杂音”是老唱片重出江湖的原因。B．“有意味的杂音”为喜欢黑胶唱片的消费者提供了可资缅怀的“杂质”。C．“有意味的杂音”与上文“有意味的噪音”二者含义不完全相同。
D．“有意味的杂音”曾经被忽略，但现在被重新提及和利用。
9．如何使中国文化产业的品质得到根本性的改观呢？根据文章内容，请分条概括。（4 分）
（二）、阅读下面的文字，完成 10—13 题。（20 分）
怀念金铮 文 / 贾平凹
①金铮有个习惯，常常会半夜三更给你打电话，这曾经令我很恼火，我在电话里说他：你又 在喝酒了？但金铮去世后，我总觉得他没有死，说不定哪个半夜就会打来电话的。然而，我们再 也收不到这样的电话了，甚至生活中也难见到那么可爱的喝酒，那样让你又恨又爱的朋友了。
②我认识金铮的时候，是一次会上。那天我和路遥在一起，我穿了一件大红 T 恤衫，路遥穿 了一件深黑的 T 恤衫，金铮则一头如雪的白发，我们三人都跑到会场外吸烟，金铮就左右搂了 我们说：颜色多好！要摄影师拍照。现在，这张照片我保留着，每每看到三人中二人已逝，不禁 有兔死狐悲之感。那次会后，我们没有在会上用餐，金铮一定要请我和路遥喝酒，我因病只是象 征性碰杯，路遥也喝得少，他却是一杯接一杯，很快就有些醉了。他不喝酒的时候样子很威风，一醉就十分可爱，说某某的是，也说某某的非，爱憎分明，毫不忌讳，又直恨我心善，太软弱，接着拍着腔子说要保护我。但那晚他没有保护我，倒是我和路遥得搀扶他，劝他以后少喝些，他 却说：“喝酒有喝酒的好处。”我说：“什么好处？”他说：“但得酒中趣，勿与醒者传。你回去就 给我写这样一幅对联吧！”
③我没有给他写。因为后来我觉得我是醒者，醒着却卑微、窝囊，我有病不能得酒中趣，写 那对联就更无趣。
④从此我们熟起来，常常聚会，相聚他就是主角，又要喝酒，又要高谈阔论。许多需要交涉 的事都是他出头的，他有一头白发，可以充老者。于是他很得意自己的白发。有人呼他是伍子胥，我知道他的一生曾蒙过大难，但我不知道那头发是从小就白的，还是蒙难时一夜白的。
⑤我的一位同乡从小县到西安谋生，人是极聪明的，却生活无着，十分狼狈。他寻到我帮忙，我无力帮他，就给金铮写了一封信，没想金铮就收留他在《喜剧世界》杂志社打工。几年过去，在金铮的关怀下，他进步极大，后来独立为一家杂志的主编，也写作了大量的文学作品。这位同 乡现在很风光，一提起金铮就说：没有老金就不会有我今天！金铮当年搞创作，是写过许多优秀 剧的，后来编刊物，自己不写了，却十分爱才，只要有才，别人不敢用的他用，别人不敢发的作 品他发，为了人才，别人不敢说的话他说。仅我知道，在陕西，就有三四个在他的关心培养下都 成了气候的。
⑥许多人也是怕金铮的，因为金铮见不得伪人和小人，他会当众刺你，使你下不了台。他的 一位朋友告诉说，因有一件事金铮以为他做得不当——其实金铮是误解了——金铮指着他鼻子大 骂，他搭坐了金铮的车，金铮竟把他推出车门。
⑦那一年，我因写了一本书，遭到一些人以想当然的理由进行的诽谤，谣言四起，我又无法 诉说，尤其有人先盗印我的书赚钱，再写骂我的书赚钱。金铮非常气愤，时不时打来电话问我的近况。冬天里我们偶尔在北京的街头碰上，他一定要请我吃饭，我说：“请我吃什么饭，要吃回 西安吃羊肉泡去！”他说：“你听我的，这饭要吃，我请几个北京的名人陪你吃，我要解释一些问 题！”席间，他澄清了许多是非，又大讲他的文学观，说：“你接着写吧，作品的价值要经过时空 检验的，不是某一两个人说了算的。你想写什么就在我们刊物上发吧！”我感谢他的好意，但我 没有写什么，我只写过一个条子给他：默雷止谤，转毁为缘。
⑧金铮要离开西安的时候，给我说过他的去向，我不主张他走，他说：“树挪一步死，人挪 一步活嘛。”但没想到他是树命，大树是不能挪的。他走时，我不在西安，一天接到他的电话，我问他在哪儿？他说在北京，我才知道他已经走了。他在电话里还在问我的病情，叮咛我要注意 身体。如今，常年有病的我还不自在地活着，他却痛痛快快地死了！他是大刚的人，又是工作狂，且喜欢喝酒，放浪形骸，这个世界岂能过久的容纳他呢？
⑨一个朋友死去了，但朋友常常让我们想到他的好处，可以说这个朋友并没有真正死去。
1997年11月21日夜（本文有删节）
10．结合作品，简要分析金铮这一人物形象的性格特征。(4分）答：
11．作者在文章开头说金铮这个朋友让他“又恨又爱”，结合全文，你如何理解作者的“恨”？（6分）答：
12．文章在第 2 段和第 4 段两次提到金铮的白发，但详略处理却不尽相同，作者为何如此安排？（4 分）答：
13.文章第 7 段提到“默雷止谤，转毁为缘。”你同意作者的看法吗？请结合本文和现实生活，谈 谈你对这句话的理解。（6 分）答：
（一）阅读下面的文言文，完成 14-18 题。（20 分）
菜园院佛殿记
曾巩 庆历八年四月，抚州菜园僧可栖，得州之人高庆、王明、饶杰相与率民钱为殿于其院成，以
佛之像置其中，而来乞予文以为记。初，菜园有籍于尚书，有地于城南五里，而草木生之，．牛羊践之，求屋室居人焉，无有也。
可栖至，则喜曰：“是天下之废地也，人不争，吾得之以老，斯足矣。”遂以医取资于人，而即其 ．处立寝庐、讲堂、重门、斋庖之房、栖客之舍，而合其徒入而居之。独殿之役最大，自度其
三、古诗文阅读力不 能为，乃使其徒持簿乞民间，有得辄记之，微细无不受。浸渐积累，期月而用以足，役．以既。自 可栖之来居至于此，盖十年矣。
吾观佛之徒，凡有所兴作，其人皆用力也勤刻意也专不肯苟成不求速效故善以小致大以难致 易而其所为，无一不如其志者，岂独其说足以动人哉？其中亦有智然也。若可栖之披攘经①营，捃 摭纤悉，忘十年之久，以及其志之成，其所以自致者，岂不近是哉？噫！佛之法固方重于天下，而其学者又善殖之如此。至于世儒，习圣人之道，既自以为至矣，及其任天下之事，则未尝有勤
行之意，坚持之操，少长相与语曰：“苟一时之利耳，安能必世百年，为教化之渐，而待迟久之 ．功哉！”相薰以此，故历千余载，虽有贤者作，未可以得志于其间也。由是观之，反不及佛之学 者远矣。则彼之所以盛，不由此之所自守者衰欤？与之记，不独以著其能，亦愧吾道之不行也已。曾巩记。七）
注：①捃摭：采取，采集。
14．对下列加点词的理解，不正确的一项是（3 分）（）
A.菜园有籍于尚书 籍：登记 ．B.而即其处立寝庐 即：靠近．C.期月而用以足 期：整、满（年、月）．D.为教化之渐 渐：逐渐 ．15．下列加点文言虚词用法和意义相同的一组是（3 分）（）
A.吾得之以老，斯足矣 作《师说》以贻之
．．B.遂以医取资于人 得复见将军于此 ．．C.及其任天下之事 其可怪也欤 ．．D.亦愧吾道之不行也已 奚以之九万里而南为 ．．16．下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3 分）（）
A.建佛殿的菜园原来是一片荒地，草木满地，牛羊践踏，也没有可以住人的房屋。
（选自《唐宋八大家合集》卷十B.菜园院佛殿主要是僧众们向民间化缘募捐建成的，是菜园院耗资最多的建筑。C.佛法之所以被天下人推重，就在于他们善于注重细节，愿意接受一切赞助。D.作者写这篇记，不单表彰了佛家的才智，也反思了儒家之道不再通行的根源。17.用“/”给文中画波浪线的部分断句。（3 分）
其人皆用力也勤刻意也专不肯苟成不求速效故善以小致大以难致易而其所为 18．把下列句子翻译成现代汉语。（8 分）
(1)乃使其徒持簿乞民间，有得辄记之，微细无不受。（4 分）答：
(2)佛之法固方重于天下，而其学者又善殖之如此。（4分）答：
（二）阅读下面这首诗，完成 19—20 题。（8 分）
对雪① 杜甫
战哭多新鬼，愁吟独老翁。乱云低薄暮，急雪舞回风。瓢弃樽无绿，炉存火似红。数州消息断，愁坐正书空②。
【注】①此诗写于安史之乱期间，长安失陷时，诗人逃到半路被叛军抓住，解送回长安。② 原指晋人殷浩忧愁无聊，用手在空中划着字。19.本诗塑造了一个怎样的诗人形象？（2 分）答：
20．本诗运用了哪些艺术手法来表达内心情感？请结合诗句进行分析。（6 分）答：
(三）阅读下面的材料，完成 21-22 题。（6 分）
子击磬于卫。有荷蒉而过孔氏之门者，曰：“有心哉！击磬乎！” 既而曰：“鄙哉！硁硁乎！
莫己知也，斯己而已矣。深则厉，浅则揭。”子曰：“果哉！末之难矣。”
21.写出《渔父》中与“深则厉，浅则揭”意思类似的句子。（1 分）《论语·宪问》（）
22.对于孔子与荷篑者的处世哲学，你更赞成谁？请结合文本阐述你的理由。（5 分）
（四）古诗文默写（6 分）
23.补出下列名篇名句的空缺部分。（只选 3 小题）（6 分）（1）子曰：“（2）
（3）老当益壮，（4），譬如北辰，抱明月而长终。
；穷且益坚，《论语》（”。），托遗响于悲风。（苏轼《赤壁赋》）
（王勃《滕王阁序》。）
（李密《陈情表》。），晚有儿息。外无期功强近之亲。（李清照《声声慢》）（5）寻寻觅觅，四、作文（60 分）
24.阅读下面的文字，根据要求作文。（60 分）
不读书的人，古稀之年再回首，他所经历的只有属于自己的那一辈子；而读书的人，他将经 历五千年的光阴，因为阅读，是一种反向的永生。——艾柯卡.翁贝托
人生经验比知识宝贵，年轻编剧毕业头十年应该去开出租车，关心世界，保持愤怒，四十岁 时就能写出杰作。——编剧教父罗伯特·麦基
对此，你有什么看法？写一篇论述类文章阐明你的观点。
【注意】①题目自拟，观点自定。②不得少于 800 字。③不得抄袭、套作。
2017学年第二学期温州新力量联盟期末联考
高二年级语文学科参考答案
．．．1.答案：C 解析：A.笑靥（yè）咋（zé）舌 B.按捺(nà)D.癖好（pǐ）
2.答案：B 解析：A.“立杆见影”应为“立竿见影”； C.“微言大意”应为“微言大义”；D.“倍受”应为“备受”。
3.A充溢：充满、流露。充斥：到处都是（含贬义）此处应为充斥。4.C（丙处句号放在引号的后面）
5.答案：D 解析：A表意不明，“还是个十来岁的少年”有歧义，究竟是“我”还是 “你”，可以在“还是”前加“你”； B缺少动词，应在群众前加“提高”；C 项语序不当，应该把“自从”放到“在线教师”前面；
6.结论:绝大部分人对彩票公益金的用途有了解（答出“绝大部分人”给1分，共2分）。建议:对彩票公益金项目应充分公示告知民众（答出“公示告知”给2分，共3分）。7．【参考答案】C 【试题解析】
A项，联系原文第2段可知，文中举到的《泰坦尼克号》的例子也是属于陈旧的选材，但是它却取得了巨大的成功，因此选材的新旧问题并不是《大闹天宫》3D版失败的原因；B项，原文内容没有涉及电影宣传力度大小的问题，属于“无中生有”；D项，原文相关内容是“由于立体效果不佳，观众恶评如潮，上映几天便偃旗息鼓。”换言之是电影本身存在的问题导致观众对其评价不高，属于“因果倒置”，因此不正确；C项，原文是“在原创力尚未复苏之前，中国的文化产业，只能走贩卖“古董”的怀旧道路。只要处理得当，“古董”也还能再继续为文化产业的短期增长，贡献出有限的原料、题材和动力。” 由此判断C项正确。8．【参考答案】A 【试题解析】
A项，原文是“这就是老唱片重出江湖的原因。”这里的“这”指代的内容不仅仅是“有意味的杂音”，应该是“有意味的噪音”融入音乐，构成老歌和老杂音相混的声音织体，带给人们的审美感受，A项以偏概全，故不正确；B项，根据原文，“有意味的杂音”，“是所有黑胶唱片消费者所期待的柔软场景”。“而那些可资缅怀的‘杂质’，大量存在于机械制造时代的各种产品中，”整合信息可知B项正确；C项，从原文第4段可看出“有意味的噪音”是在制作、贩运和收藏过程中出现的“擦痕”与“杂质”，因此被称为“噪音”，而“有意味的杂音”是这些“有意味的噪音” 在融入音乐之后，构成老歌和老杂音相混的声音织体。”故而二者的含义是不完全相同的，故C项正确；D项，根据原文第5段开头“老唱片重出江湖”和段尾“……在90年代第二次改革开放浪潮中被彻底遗弃。”可推断出D选内容。9．参考答案
① 要大力提高文化产业发展的原创力，鼓励创新。
② 要批判地继承和借鉴旧文化的遗产，恰当运用旧文化可能提供的原料、题材和动力。③ 作为领导者和决策者，目光不能短浅，决策要有前瞻性。【评分标准】
本题满分4分。每小点各1分，答对一点得1分，全对得4分。10．参考答案
豪爽可爱；爱憎分明；嫉恶如仇；爱才惜才；关心友人。【评分标准】
本题满分4分。每答出一点给1分，没有结合文本进行分析则不给分。答出3点给满分。11．参考答案
“恨”表现在：金铮常常在半夜三更给我打电话，使我“恼火”；金铮性格过于刚直，常会当众刺人，使人下不了台。
回想金铮在世时与我相处的点滴细节，“恨”，是正话反说，“恨”字背后，有对金铮刚直性格的忧思、担心；更多的是对这位常常使我“恼火”的朋友的缅怀；是“斯人已去”的隐痛与酸楚。【评分标准】
本题满分6分。指出“恨”的内容，得2分，能指出“恨”背后的情感承载，答对2点得4分。12． 【参考答案】
第2段提到金铮白发时，是金铮在“我”眼中留下的第一印象，故一笔带过；（1分）到第4段时彼此已比较熟悉，这里再对其白发的由来进行猜测；（1分）既符合人们交往了解的进程，也使文章留了处悬念，使得行文更加摇曳生姿。（2分）13．【参考答案】
参考一：从作者的处事角度而言：所谓“谣言止于智者”，“清者自清”，生活中有许多类似作者的处境：被“谣言”包围，被“诽谤”缠身，在那样的环境中往往是“愈描愈黑”，倒不如用沉默去抵制诽谤，将诋毁看作缘分，看作人生转向的机缘。等时间冲淡一切，就将迎来一片“柳暗花明”。
参考二：从金铮的处事角度而言：所谓“三人成虎”“人会被唾沫淹死”，负面的舆论力量是可以致人至死的，所以我们不能坐等被“谣言”吞没，而应要有维权意识，主动迎击，据理力争，像文中的金铮努力为作者“澄清了许多是非”，像生活中许多明星在微博或其他媒体上努力为自己澄清真相，必要时我们还可运用法律来保护自己。
参考三：从具体问题具体分析角度而言：小事，无伤大雅之事，无需过于斤斤计较，时间可以让人淡忘一切，笑脸应对还可让此事事件成为化诋毁为树立自身大度、高素养等良好形象的机缘；若涉及严重影响、危害自身名誉、人身权利等重大的问题，就要有维权意识，要主动澄清，再加必要时的法律维权。【评分标准】
本题满分6分。
只要能就文中的这句话进行理性思考、探究，即可根据观点是否明确、论述是否合理、．．．．．．．理由是否充分、有否结合文章内容和现实生活等方面酌情给分。可任选一个角度，观点明确给1分，但有了观点没有任何分析则不给分；论述合理、理由充分，给2分；结合文章内容1分；结合现实生活2分。14．D 渐染、熏陶
15．A（A.目的连词，“来”。B.①介词，从；②介词，在。C.①代词“他们”；②反问语气词“难道”。D.①助词，取消句子独立性；②动词，“到……去”。）
16．C（“就在于他们善于注重细节，愿意接受一切赞助”分析不正确。原文“凡有所兴作，其人皆用力也勤，刻意也专，不肯苟成”“捃摭纤悉，忘十年之久，以及其志之成”可知，佛法被天下人推重，除了自身经义，还有僧众们的长期努力推广。
17.凡有所兴作，其人皆用力也勤/刻意也专/不肯苟成/不求速效/故善以小致大/以难致易/而其所为，无一不如其志者，岂独其说足以动人哉？ 【评分标准】
断对两处（或三处）给1分，四处给2分，六处3分，在得分的基础上，断错一处不扣分，断错两处扣（或三处）1分，断错四处扣2分，六处扣3分。
18．（1）（4分）于是让他的门徒拿着簿册到民间化缘，一有收入就登记在上面，再小的施舍也没有不接受的。（“乃”“乞”“得”各1分，“乞民间”句式1分）
（2）（4分）佛法原本正被天下人推重，而学习佛学的人又这样善于耕耘。（“固”“学者”“殖”各1分，“于天下”句式1分）
19.诗歌塑造了一位因国家**而滞留京城的贫寒交困、孤苦伶仃、牵挂亲人、忧伤国事而又愁苦无奈的诗人形象。（2分，写出两个要点即给分）
20.第二联通过对天气、景物的描写，运用借景抒情（融情于景）的手法，表现了时局的混乱和危机，表达了自己对国家前途的忧虑。第三联采用借代的修辞方法（“樽无绿”“绿”指酒）和以虚写实的方法，以幻作真（“炉存火似红”），写出生活的艰辛和作者内心的苦闷。第四联,诗人运用典故，以殷浩自比，因忧愁无聊，用手在空中写着字，以此表达诗人对国家命运的忧虑、对离散亲人的深切牵挂而又无从着力的苦恼心情。(6分，每种手法1分，分析2分，答对两种即可得满分。)21.（1分）沧浪之水清兮，可以濯吾缨。沧浪之水浊兮，可以濯吾足。（两面都要写到，写一面不给分）
22.（5分）①任选一个角度，明确态度（1分）(没有阐述理由不给分)。②陈述双方处世哲学（2分）。孔子的处世哲学认为在乱世中，有才能的人应该入世出任辅国君；荷篑者认为在乱世里应洁身自好，隐居修身，要通权达变。（学生只要言之成理即可）③结合文本阐述理由。（2分）23.（6分）
（1）为政以德 居其所而众星共之（2）挟飞仙以遨游 知不可乎骤得（3）宁移白首之心 不坠青云之志（4）门衰祚薄 内无应门五尺之僮（5）冷冷清清 凄凄惨惨戚戚
24.材料一强调要阅读，要书上知识；材料二强调实践（体验）。学生在立意角度上可认同材料一，也可认同材料二，也可二者结合。其他参考浙江省高考评分标准 参考译文：
菜园院佛殿记
庆历八年的四月，抚州有个菜园僧，法名可栖，得到同州人高庆、王明、饶杰等人一起出资，率领民众在他的院子里建成了佛殿，把佛像安放在里面，然后过来要我写文章来作记念。
起初，菜园在尚书省有登记，在城南五里有块土地，但是地里长满了草木，牛羊随意践踏，想找个能住人的房子，都找不到。和尚可栖来到这里，却高兴的说：“这是世间荒废的土地，世人都不来争抢，我得到这里用来养老，这就足够了。”于是靠行医从世人那里收集资金，然后靠近这个地方建立起寝庐、讲堂、重门、斋庖等房舍和客房，于是召集他的门徒住进去。唯独佛殿的工程量最大，他估计自己的力量完不成，于是让他的门徒拿着簿册到民间化缘，一有收入就登记在上面，再小的施舍也没有不接受的。慢慢积累，满一月后费用凑够，工程得以完成。从可栖来到这里居住（到现在），一共十年了。
我看佛教徒们，凡是要做什么事情，他们这些人都是勤奋努力，专心致志，不肯马虎完成，不追求做得快，所以善于由小成大，变难为易，而他们所做的，没有一件不如他们心愿的，哪里只是他们的说词足以打动人呢？这其中也有智慧使然啊。像可栖这样辛苦经营，一点一滴详尽细致地选择累积，忘却十年时光的漫长，而达成他的志向，他能做到的原因，难道不近似这个道理吗？啊！佛法原本正被天下人推重，而学习佛学的人又这样善于耕耘。至于世间的儒生，学习圣人的道理，他们自以为已经学到了本事，等到他们出任天下之事，却一点没有勤勉的心志，坚持不懈的节操，老少聚集一起议论：“不过图一时的好处罢了，怎么能希望传世百年，达到教化的熏陶，获得久远的功效呢！”用这样的想法相互熏染，所以经过了一千多年，即使有贤者出现，也不能在这种环境中实现志向啊。由此看来，反而比不上佛家学者坚持长久了。那么他们佛家兴盛的原因，不正是儒家所固守的衰落了的原因吗？为他们写这篇记，不只是用来彰显他们佛家的才能，也是为我们儒家之道不再通行而惭愧罢了。曾巩记。
第四篇：太原市2015-2016学年八年级上期末考试英语试题含答案
太原市2015—2016学年八年级第一学期期末考试
八年级英语
第Ⅰ卷听力测试
I、听力(共四节,满分⒛ 分)第一节 情景反应(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)这一节共有5个小题,每小题你将听到一段对话。请你根据听到的内容,从A、B、C三幅 图中选出与对话内容相符的一项,并将其字母标号填入题前的括号内。
第二节 对话理解(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)这一节共有5个小题,每小题你将听到一段对话和一个问题。请你根据听到的内容和提 出的问题,从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳选项,并将其字母标号填入题前的括号内。()
6、A、After high school
B、After college
C、Right now
()7.A.There will be fresher air
B.There will be fewer trees C.There will be more pollution()8.A.Stay at home
B.Have a piano lesson
C.Prepare for the test()9.A.One
B.Two
C.Three()10.A.Lily is a hard-working girl
B.Lily can’ t become successful, C.Lily should work hard at English 第三节 语篇理解(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)这一节你将听到一篇短文。请你根据短文内容和提出的5个问题,从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出一个最佳选项,并将其字母标号填入题前的括号内。()11.When did Dave go to Sanya? A.Last January
B.This spring Festival
C.Next Jannuary()12.How was the weather in sanya? A.Cold
B.Dry
C.Hot()13,Whom did Dave play games with? A.His uncle
B.His cousins C.His classmates()14.How did Dave go to the shop? A.By car
B.On foot
C.By bus()15.Where will Dave go this year? A.Sanya
B.Taiwan
C.Beijing 第四节 听力填空(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)这一节你将听到一篇短文。请你根据听到的内容,填写下面的表格,每空工词。
第Ⅱ卷书面测试（选择题共50分）Ⅱ.单项选择（每小题1分，共15分）从每小题A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将其字母标号填入提前的括号内。（）21.Tu Youyou is a great scientist._______ work makes the world see.A.She B.Her C.Hers（）22.—NASA made a(an)_______ that human will move to another planet in a few years.—Oh, It made us surprised.A.prediction B.invitation C.decision（）23.—What is your dream when you grow up? —I want to be a(an)_______ and save a lot of sick people.A.engineer B.reporter C.doctor（）24.Now, you can easily pay for the things _______ your mobile phones if you shop online.A.about B.to C.through（）25.—You know that the_______ driving can make a lotof danger.—That’s quite right.So we must keep the traffic(交通)rule.A.serious B.normal C.careless（）26.If you spend _______ time watching TV, your grades will be better and better.A.fewer B.less C.more（）27.—I _______ there will be no smog(雾霾)in our city.—Yeah！It’s very dangerous to go outside on such a day.A.decide B.agree C.expect（）28._______ my mother was very tired, she still stayed up late to buy a lot of things online on Singles’Day(双十一).A.Although B.When C.Unless（）29.—DIDI doctor will be available on the Internet and it is helpful for people.—Oh, _______ we don’t need to go to see the doctor in hospital.A.simply B.hardly C.probably（）30.—Do you know the latest news about Paris after the terrorist attacked(恐怖袭击)it? —I’ve no idea.Let’s _______ the TV to care about it.A.turn on B.turn down C.turn off（）31.—I think it’s easy to make a resolution but difficult to keep.—_______.So I never make resolutions.A.Sorry to hear that B.I agree with you C.I don’t think so（）32.In order to make a green school, we should _______ planting trees now.A.play a part in B.look forward to C.be halfway to（）33.—In our city, there _______ several subways in five years.A.is B.was C.will be（）34.—Year of the Monkey is coming!What will you do to _______ the new year? —I will organize a family party.A.celebrate B.choose C.share（）35.—What do you think of the new teaching way WeClass(微课)? —_______.Because it can help me with lessons.A.I can’t stand it.B.I love it.C.I don’t mind it.Ⅲ.完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将其字母标号填入题前的括号内。
This summer, our whole family went to the famous place called “paradise”— Hong Kong.What impressed me most is Disneyland.My family had a(an)___36___ holiday there.There were lots of exciting things to do.And one thing made our ___37___ very special.At first, we got to the front line at Space Mountain, only to ___38___ there was a rule--our little daughter Alice couldn’t take her ice-cream on the ride.Alice cried and we all had no idea what to do.Then Mike, one of the workers in Disneyland came over.He bent down(弯腰)and ___39___ Alice that he would hold the ice-cream for her and give it back when she finished the ride.Alice asked, “You ___40___ it?” Seeing Mike nodded(点头)his head, she gave him the ice-cream and went onto the ride ___41___.Sure enough, Alice’s new friend with “her” ice-cream appeared ___42___ we walked out of the exit(出口).In fact we all knew what happened, because we know that an ice-cream ___43___keep as long as ten minutes on a summer afternoon.Mike went to the nearest shop and bought a new one.Alice said thank you and ___44___ it but I’m sure she thought it was the same ice-cream.We know that ___45___ tried hard to make our travel special.Thanks so much for his kind help!()36.A.dangerous B.enjoyable C.meaningless()37.A.travel B.program C.plan()38.A.help out B.find out C.bring out()39.A.advised B.served C.replied()40.A.are talented in B.are ready for C.are sure about()41.A.happily B.comfortably C.quietly()42.A.because B.when C.until()43.A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t()44.A.touched B.chose C.accepted()45.A.everyone B.anyone C.someone IV.阅读理解
（一）（共10小题，每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从每小题A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并将其字母标号填入题前的括号内。
A Yu Jie Middle School will have a School Day on Friday.Students don’t need to have any classes.Instead, they are going to do a lot of things for fun.Here is a poster for it.For further information, please call the school office.Just do it!Enjoy yourself!
()46.If you want to see the school basketball stars, you can go at _____.A.8:00 am〜10:30 am B.3:00 pm〜5:00 pm C.1:00 pm〜3:00 pm()47.You can have water sports at _____.A.Xingsha Beach B.Music Hall C.Basketball Court()48.If you want to be a member of the acting club, you should _____.A.be good at sports B.do well in class C.have some talents()49.You can _____ either in the morning or in the afternoon.A.watch the basketball game B.go to the talent show C.have the chess competition()50.Which is TRUE according to the article? A.There are a lot of exciting classes on Friday.B.You can call 3757465 to know about acting club.C.Playing basketball is the most wonderful game on School Day.B In order to make students become more interested in English learning, No.21 Primary School in South Korea started to use robot teachers.The robot teacher has a beautiful name—Angel.However, she looks very funny.She was developed by the Korea Institute of Science(韩国科学院).She is about one meter high and is white,egg-shaped.She can move around the classroom while she speaks to students.She can also read books to them and dance to music by moving her head and arms.Now, Angel has been used to teach English.She is controlled(控制)by English teachers outside the classroom.There is a camera(照相机)in the robot teacher.With the help of the camera, the English teacher can see and hear the students in the classroom.In fact, there are a lot of robot teachers like Angel.They make the English class very meaningful and interesting.Sometimes the robot English teachers can make faces.If students don’t listen to the teacher, the robot teachers will be angry.If students do well in class,they will be happy.This is very interesting.The robot teacher is becoming more and more popular in school.Besides helping students to become more interested in English, the robot teachers can also help children in poor areas without English teachers.()51.What does Angel look like? A.Beautiful.B.Ugly.C.Funny.()52.What kind of job can robot teachers do? A.They can read books to the students.B.They can sing to music.C.They help students do their homework()53.Who controls the robots when they teach English? A.The teachers outside the classroom.B.The teachers in the classroom.C.The teachers in the Korea Institute of Science.()54.Why do many students like the robot teachers? A.Because the robot teachers never get angry.B.Because the robot teachers can make students popular.C.Because the robot teachers can help students become more interested in English.()55.What can we know from the article? A.The robot teachers can teach different subjects.B.The robot teachers are helpful in learning English.C.The robot teachers can take the place of the English teachers easily Ⅴ.补全对话（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
从对话右边的方框中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使对话内容完整，通顺，并将其字母标号填在相应的横线上，其中有两项是多余选项。Kim: Hello, Sarah!Sarah: Hi, Kim!This Saturday is my fourteenth birthday.Can you come to my party? Kim: 56.____________ But I can’t.I’m going out with my parents.Sarah: 57.___________ Kim: We’re going to climb Mount Meng and eat food in a farmer’s house.Sarah: That sounds great.58.___________ Kim: We climb mountains twice a week.We think it’s good for us.Sarah: I think so.59.____________ Kim: Thank you!See you.Sarah: 60._____________ A: How are you getting there? B: What are you going to do? C: How often do you climb mountains? D: Sure, I’d love to.E: See you.F: I disagree.G: Have a good time!书面测试（非选择题共30分）
Ⅵ.阅读理解
（二）（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
In November, 2015, China ended its one-child policy（政策）which started in the 1970s, and nowevery family can have two children.But what would be like growing up with a brother or a sister? Most people see the good side of the policy.Children want to have brothers or sisters because there is someone else to play with.They can talk about interesting things and share their own stories with each other.However, some parents worry that it will put a lot of pressure（压力）on food, education and jobs when they have the second kid.In fact,there is no need to worry.The US psychologist（心理学家）Kevin Leman said that the first child really wants to succeed.When the family has a second child, they are more relaxed.So the second kid is usually funny and creative.61.When did China start one-child policy? ___________________________________________________________________________ 62.Can a family have two children from now on? ___________________________________________________________________________ 63.Why do children want to have brothers or sisters? ___________________________________________________________________________ 64.What do some parents worry about when they have the second kid? ___________________________________________________________________________ 65.What is the second kid usually like? ___________________________________________________________________________ Ⅶ.词汇应用（本题包含A、B两部分，学生可选做A或B，共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）A.从方框中选出适当的词或短语补全句子，每个单词或短语只能使用一次。
66.My brother is__________.He has quite a few friends inside and outside the school.67.Tony was late for school__________the bad weather.68.__________you work really hard, your dream will come true.69.The students decided to have a concert by__________.70.__________the winter holiday, I plan to do lots of meaningful things.71.The president of the USA__________Xi Jinping to visit his country last year.72.The cleaners clean our streets every day__________on a snowy day.73.Most students have too much __________ and little time to relax nowadays.74.Teenagers__________ join Sunshine Sports to make them strong.75.Our parents often tells us to __________ ourparents to thank for their love.B.根据短文内容,用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，每空一词。
The year of 2015 was unusual for Chinese pop star Lu Han.With his good look and talent,the 25-year-old singer 66.__________ over millions of fans.On the one side, he tried hisbest to sing beautiful 67.__________ for people.On the other side, he practiced68.__________ really hard.He also made some fantastic movies.His 69.__________movie Miss Granny(重返20岁）was very interesting.At the end of 2015, he became a memberof the Running Manin the TV show.Lu Han 70.__________ run very fast and made hisrunning man family believe his skills.He always finished the work 71.__________ at last.Now Lu Han 72.__________ anew movie called The LostTomb(盗墓笔记）.Hewill playthe lead role by 73.__________.2016 is coming.Lu Han believes that ifhe 74.__________ his best, he will do better.We hope the new year will be 75.__________for Lu Han.Ⅷ.书面表达（满分10分）
最近学校开展了“中国梦，我的梦”为主题的活动。中学生应该有自己的梦想，你的梦想是什么呢？你为什么有这样的梦想？为了这个梦想，你要怎样去做？请根据以下三个提示要点写一篇60词左右的英语短文。提示要点：
What’s your dream? What made you have such a dream? Tell a story.How are you going to do that?
第五篇：江苏省徐州市2017-2018学年高二下学期期末考试语文试题含答案
2017~2018学第二学期期末抽测
高二年级语文试题
注意事项
1.本试卷满分为160分，考试时间为150分钟。
2.答题前，请务必将县区、学校、姓名、考试号填写在试卷及答题纸上。
3.请用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔按題号在答題纸上指定区域内作答，在其它位置作答一律无效。考试结束后，请将答题纸交回。
一、语言文字运用（15分）
1在下列句子的空缺处填入词语，最恰当的一项是（3分
流水不仅倒映着山，也在修改着山。一座山在水的倒影中变得朦胧，_________，变得柔软，仿佛随波荡漾。水也因山的存在而越发幽深，越发纯净。山与水互为镜像，使彼此的美学特征越发凸显。山水是中国绘画艺术中不可分割的两种___________，成为一个画种的名称，也成为一种审美______________。
A.模模糊糊
B.影影绰绰
C.模模糊糊
D.影影绰绰
成分
元素
成分
元素
原形 原型 原型 原形
2.下列句子中没有使用借代手法的一项是（3分）
A.倩何人唤取，红巾翠袖，提英雄泪。（辛弃疾《水龙吟》）B.画图省识春风面，环佩空归月夜魂。（杜甫《咏怀古迹》）
C.好花不与香人，浪粼粼。又恐春风归去绿成阴，玉钿何处寻？（姜夔《鬲溪梅令》）D.宛转蛾眉能几时？须臾鹤发乱如丝。（刘希夷《代悲白头翁》）3.对下列对联所写人物的判断不正确的一项是（3分）
A.翁去八百载醉乡犹在山行六七里亭影不孤（欧阳修 B.写人写妖高人一等
刺贪刺虐入木三分（蒲松龄）C.世上疮痍诗中圣哲
民间疾苦笔底波澜（杜甫）D.金石文章空八代
江山姓氏著千秋（李清照）
4.在下面一段文字橫线处填入语句，衔接最恰当的一项是（3分）
我们知道“读书破万卷，下笔如有神”两句诗是至理名言。不过灵感的培养不必限于读书。______________，______________。_______________，_______________，_________________，_______________。吴道子生平得意的作品为洛阳天宫寺的神鬼，他在下笔之前，先请斐曼舞剑一回给他看，在剑法中得着笔意。
①处处都是学问
②然后再用他的本行艺术的媒介把它翻译出来 ③在别种艺术之中玩索得一种意象 ④人只要留心
⑤艺术家往往在他的艺术范围之外下功夫 ⑥让它沉在潜意识里去酝酿一番 A.④①⑤②③⑥ B.④①⑤③⑥② C.⑤①④③②⑥ D.⑤③⑥②④①
5.下列诗句所描写的季节与其他三句不同的一项是（3分）
A.梧桐影里蝉声急，菡萏香中雨气昏。B.行人莫上长堤望，风起杨花愁杀人。C.雨中禁火空斋冷，江上流莺独坐听。D.飒飒东风细雨来，芙蓉塘外有轻雷。
二、文言文阅读（18分）
阅读下面的文言文，完成6~9题。
皮日休，字袭美，一字逸少，襄阳人也。隐居鹿门山，性嗜酒，癖诗，号“醉吟先生”，又自称“醉士”；且傲诞，又号“间气布衣”，言己天地之间气也。以文章自负，尤善箴铭。．咸通八年及第，为著作郎，迁太常博士。时值末年，虎狼放纵，百姓手足无措，上下所行，皆大乱之道，遂作《鹿门隐书》六十篇，多讥切谬政。有云：“毁人者自毁之，誉人者自誉之。”又曰：“不思而立言，不知而定交，吾其惮也。”又曰：“古之杀人也怒，今之杀人也笑。”又曰：“古之置吏也将以逐盗，今之置吏也将以为盗”等，皆有所指云尔。
日休性冲泊无营，临难不惧。乾符丧乱，东出关，为毗陵副使，陷巢贼中。巢惜其才，．授以翰林学士。日休惶恐跼踧①，欲死未能。劫令作谶文以惑众，曰：“欲知圣人姓，田八二十一；欲知圣人名，果头三屈律。”贼疑其衷恨必讥己，遂杀之，临刑神色自若，无知不知皆痛惋也。
日休在乡里，与陆龟蒙交拟金兰，日相赠和。自集所为文十卷，名《文薮》，及诗集一卷，《滑台集》七卷，又著《皮氏鹿门家钞》九十卷，并传。
夫次韶唱酬，其法不古，元和以前，未之见也。暨令狐楚、薛能、元稹、白乐天集中，稍稍开端。以意相和之法渐废间作。逮日休、龟蒙，则飙流顿盛，犹空谷有声，随响即答。．韩偓、吴融以后，守之愈笃，汗漫而无禁也。于是天下翕然，顺下风而趋至数十反而不已，莫知非焉。
夫才情敛之不盈握，散之弥八纮，遣意于时间，寄兴于物表，或上下出入，纵横流散，游刃所及，孰非我有，本无拘缚惉懘②之忌也。今则限以韵声，莫违次第，得佳韵则杳不相．干，岨峿③难入；有当事则韵不能强，进退双违。必至窘束长才，牵接非类，求无瑕片玉，千不遇焉，诗家之大弊也。
（选自元代辛文房《唐才子传》，有删改）
【注】①跼踧：不安的样子。②惉懘：声音不和谐。③岨峿：不顺当。6.对下列加点词的解释，不正确的一项是（3分）
A.以文章自负
负：仗恃 B.日休性冲泊无营
冲：冒险 C.以意相和之法渐废间作
间：间或 D.得佳韵则杳不相干
杳：遥远
7.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）
A.唐朝末年，天下大乱，皮日休写了《鹿门隐书》六十篇，大多是讥讽谴责荒谬政治的。B.皮日休酷爱作诗，擅长撰写箴铭。叛军首领黄巢爱惜他的文才，任命他为翰林学士。C.皮日休在家乡时，与陆龟蒙有金兰之交，陆龟蒙辑录了他的文章十卷，命名为《文薮》。D.次韵唱酬的方法，到了韩偓、吴融以后，被更加坚定地遵守，以至于泛滥而无拘禁。8.把文中画线的句子翻译成现代汉语。（8分）
（1）贼疑其衷恨必讥己，遂杀之，临刑神色自若，无知不知皆痛惋也。（4分）（2）夫次韵唱酬，其法不古，元和以前，未之见也。（4分）9.请概括皮日休以后唐代和诗流行写法的弊端。（4分）
三、古诗词鉴赏（11分）
阅读下面这首唐诗，完成10~11题。
却归睦州至七里滩下作
刘长卿
南归犹谪宦，独上子陵滩。
江树临洲晚，沙禽对水寒。山开斜照在，石浅乱流难。惆怅梅花发，年年此地看。
【注】诗人遭到贪官鄂州观察使吴仲儒诬陷，再次被贬，去贬谪任所睦州途中经过七里滩时写下这首诗。
10.简要赏析颔联、颈联的写景艺术。（5分）11.尾联表达了作者什么样的情感？（6分）
四、名句名篇默写（8分）
12.补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。
（1）蟹六跪而二螯，____________________，用心躁也。（荀子《劝学》）（2）怒而飞，_____________________。（庄子《逍遥游》）（3）古来圣贤皆寂寞，_____________________。（李白《将进酒》）（4）住近湓江地低湿，_______________________。（白居易《琵琶行》）（5）_____________________，多于南亩之农夫。（杜牧《阿房宫赋》）（6）纵一苇之所如，_____________________。（苏轼《赤壁赋》
（7）_________________________，只有香如故。（陆游《卜算子·咏梅》）（8）诗，可以兴，可以观，__________________，可以怨。（《论语·阳货》）
五、现代文阅读
（一）（20分）
阅读下面的作品，完成13~16题。
一幢不存在的房子
黄金明
①父亲是一个乡间浪漫主义者。他是农民，但像一个讠诗人。我号称诗人，却更像农民。我年少时身体瘦小，神情忧悒，怕跟人打交道，只有在空无一人的树林或田野才感到放松。忧伤像艾火在焚烧，我没有办法解决内心的冲突。贫穷以及贫穷带来的饥饿和自卑日夜折磨着我。我就是一间黑房子，对着整个世界闩上大门，简直是一间地下室。我忍受着这一切，包括沉重和聒噪，忍耐作为我的性格已缓慢的形成。这就是我的少年时代，我的忧伤犹如乌云在乡村的屋顶聚拢。
②父亲是不同的，他身上那种奇特的、与生俱来的浪漫精神，不仅体现在他的生活态度上，也体现在他做的每一件事上。父亲曾一度沉迷于发明创造而无结果，也热衷于堪舆、算命、中医等杂学，并略有心得。父亲为了留下祖母的遗像，自学过炭画，在成年后成了“画家”。父亲只念过初中，可以辅导我们五兄妹的功课一直到高中，除了外语。他擅长作文，我今天能从事写作，得益父亲甚多。父亲为了将多病的孩子养大，自学中医，略有心得。然父亲的奇思异想没有结出一个像样的果子。
③他想建造一幢红砖屋，这是一幢旷世无双的房子，它一直未曾动工。父亲在头脑中无数次勾勒过它的范围和轮廓，挖妤地基并砌起高墙，最好是买回那种光洁的方砖铺上地面。在它的头脑中，堆满了砖头和檩梁，还有无数钉子和细沙，但这幢房子不可能建造出来了。日渐老迈的父亲已力不从心，被迫放弃。当父亲站在宅基上凝视地底的时候，我能体会到他的苍凉和遗憾，地底下本来生长着一幢瑰丽无比的房子但已没有机会破土而出。
④在乡村，建房子是一件大事。一个人过得怎么样，看他的房子就知道了。建房子是一个发达的标志，人们穷极一生的奋斗，目的是为了建造新居。在二十世纪八十年代，村庄的房子大多是低矮的黄泥小屋，阴暗、潮湿而充斥着尘埃。我就是在这样的房子中长大的。
⑧我们当然想住上好房子，但建房子要花上一大笔钱。父亲没有钱，倘要靠赚钱去建造房子，那永无实现之日。父亲决定自力更生，他去寻求一个不用花钱或者少花钱的建房计划。建筑房子的关键是拥有建筑材料，如果自己会砌墙的话，就用不了几个钱。父亲很早就着手去做这个工作。他先后学习建筑和木工，花半年时间粗通了这两项技术。他在山坡上大量种植桉树和杉木，桉树可作檩梁，杉木可锯成瓦格子。为了建一幢房子，父亲决定付出二十年或更长的时间。建泥砖屋是较容易的，但父亲矢志要建的是红砖屋，这就难了。父亲决定自己把红砖和屋瓦烧制出来。当父亲做出这个决定时，未满二十岁，这个异想天开的决定耗尽了他的青春。
⑥但这些浪漫想法是不切实际的，当务之急是将我们养大。我们张开的嘴犹如深渊，为了填饱我们的肚子，父亲绞尽脑汁。父亲通过一切可能的途径寻找粮食，向土地要吃的，向深山要吃的，向河流要吃的……农忙时节，父亲踏着曙光出门，披星戴月归来，他的身影在稻田、著地或菜畦上像旗帜一样飘荡。农闲时节，他肩挎单筒猎枪打鸟，他潜伏在地，匍匐前进，窥伺在一切猎物的身旁。捕鱼也是好办法，也更能体现父亲的浪漫想法和闲情逸致。父亲用竹篾编织了一个鱼笼，该鱼笼构造精密，巧夺天工，只要放在溪水中，鱼儿就会随着流水游入鱼笼中，只能进而不能出。冬天，河水干涸，流速甚缓，父亲以翻江倒海的豪气，在上游筑起土坝，用戽斗将河湾的水戽干，干脆来个竭泽而渔。父亲总有办法在大水冲垮堤坝之前完成捉鱼的任务。
⑦无论打鸟还是捕鱼，都不可能解决我们的口粮问题。父亲幡然醒悟，还是土地实在。他决定将所有的精力放在侍弄土地上，村庄分的一亩七分耕地，要养活七口人谈何容易？父亲每天踏着晨曦迈向山冈，锄头用坏了好几把，他终于开垦出十来亩山地。父亲在山地种上番薯、木薯、南瓜和棉豆诸物，然而，由于土地贫瘠，无甚肥力，薯苗倒是茁壮，但收成甚差，薯实比指头大不了多少。如果说那些绿油油的叶片，犹如父亲那浪漫情怀的倒影，那么这些薯实就是残酷的现实。
（有删改）
13.第①段用较多笔墨写我年少时的内心世界，有何作用？（4分）14.概括文中父亲的形象特征。（4分）15.赏析文中画线的句子。（6分）
16.结合全文，探究标题“一幢不存在的房子”的意蕴。（6分）
六、现代文阅读
（二）（18分）
阅读下面的作品，完成17~19题
求甚解反失其解
吴方
①闲读书报，倘若发现有一角争呜之地，常常使我不觉停眸留目；因为争呜最能触发和促进人们的思考，而且补敝纠偏、活跃空气也是一桩有意思的事。但老实说有的争呜却也使人感到气闷、茫然。
②像《松鹤图》这样的题材，画家们常常施以丹青，不期然有人忽发诘难：根据对鹤的生活习性的观察，发现鹤从来不曾在松树附近落脚，因此把二者画在一起是闹了笑话。当然这个诘难有生物学的依据，未尝不具有科学普及作用，但他进而去批评画家，就使真理跨过一步，反倒变成谬误了。自然科学与艺术是两种区别很大的范畴把它们混为一谈，偏执一隅地去用前者绳范后者，自然格格不入。艺术特别是写意画作为审美活动，并非原样地摹写自然、生活，为了表现一种感情的、内在的真实，常常有意地夸张、变形，甚至采取荒诞的表现方式。南宋遗民郑所南为了寄托自己沉痛的亡国之思，画兰不画土和根，谁又能否认这更真实，这种例子多极了。《松鹤图》也许在科学上是不合理的但在艺术上却是合理的。这种矛盾，反映了人们把握生活的不同方式，如果用简单、一律的思想方法去对待恐怕免不了会方枘圆凿的。
③另有一种复杂的、聚讼已久的争鸣：“岳飞、文天祥、史可法等是否是民族英雄？”有人试图从历史的变化和中华民族大一统的观点出发，推倒传统之案。这不失为一种创见但是如果穿凿太过把历史上歌颂的民族英雄全盘否定，结果可能是“水动而鱼失”。这个问题可否这么解释：今夭我们肯定岳飞等人是民族英雄本不拘泥于抗金、抗元、抗清，而是更多地把他们作为一种“抵御外侮”的象征，并从中摄取一种精神——那种没有丝毫奴颜媚骨的浩然正气。由此而抽象出来的道德判断与历史有联系，而又超脱于某个历史事件本身，它已经积淀为民族气节和爱国主义精神的精髓。正如谢材得《与李养吾书》所言：大丈夫行事论是非不论利害，论逆顺不论成败，论万世不论一生。”后人从先贤们的余韵流风中感受到的正是这种深沉的力量似不必被民族问题的历史枝蔓缚住手足。如果把今与古、把历史的判断与道徳的判断作一定的区分，争鸣也罢，讨论也罢，也许就不会陷于泥潭了。先有鸡还是先有蛋？这个恼人的问题是在进化论出来之后才解决的，拋开生物进化的历史而把鸡和蛋作为讨论的前提，本身就是虚妄的。同样把今天的概念作为前提，来讨论岳飞，问题的提出也就不免虚妄。
④记得《聊斋志异·陆判》中有一句话：“胆欲大而心欲小`，智欲圆而行欲方。”我理解，“胆大心小”固然不妨可借用为各种争鸣的警句；“智圆”则更提醒我们，思想方法要圆通，不好偏执。由争鸣而想及思想方法，进而想及读书方法，不禁又忆及五柳先生的话：“好读书，不求甚解每有会意，便欣然忘食。”不求甚解当然不是说可以马马虎虎囫囵吞枣，陶老先生读书游于内而出于外豁达不泥，却往往能有欣然的会意，这种钩神剔骨、止于会意的方法有如得兔忘蹄、得鱼忘筌，开卷虽非“庖丁解牛”，却也讲“以神遇之”。相反，求甚解而反失其解的事也是常有的。
17.请简要分析本文的论述层次。（6分）18.分析文中第③节画线句的作用。（6分
19.根据第④节，用自己的话说说对“不求甚解”读书方法的理解。（6分）
七、作文（70分）
20.根据以下材料，选取角度，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的文章：文体不限，诗歌除外。
规则无处不在，各种各样。有人认为应遵守规则，“不以规矩，不能成方圆”；也有人认为要打破规则，“事有便宜，而不拘常制”。
2017~2018学第二学期期末抽测
高二年级语文Ⅱ（附加题）
阅读下面的材料，完成21~23题。（10分）
君子曰：“信不由中质°无益也明恕而行要之以礼虽无有质谁能间之？苟有明信，涧溪沼沚之毛，蘋蘩蕰藻之菜，筐宫锜釜之器，潢污行潦之水，可荐于鬼神，可羞于王公，而况君子结二国之信，行之以礼，又焉用质？”
（《左传·隐公三年》）
【注】①质：人质。
21.用斜线“/”给上面文言文中的画线部分断句。（限5处）（5分）
22.《左传》和《__________》《____________》合称为“春秋三传”。（2分）23.根据材料，概括诸侯国之间怎样才能做到守信。（3分）
二、名著阅读题（15分）
24.下列对有关名著的说明，不正确的两项是（5分）A.《哈姆莱特》采用多线索布局，哈姆莱特、雷欧提斯和小福丁勃拉斯三条线索安排得繁简得当、缓急有序，全剧气势跌宕起伏。
B.《三国演义》中诸葛亮“六出祁山”，均未成功；蜀将马谡曾提出“兵出子午谷”之计，但诸葛亮没有采用。清人毛宗岗认为“子午谷奇谋，惜孔明之不用”。C.《老人与海》中，老人与马林鱼较量时，老人的内心独白、同大鱼的“对话”说明老人虽然内心强大，但是他的单调与孤独实在难以摆脱。
D.《欧也妮·葛朗台》中，老葛朗台和夏尔，一个是守财奴，一个是野心家，生动形象地显示了资本主义上升时期资产阶级的特征。
E.《红楼梦》中，晴雯被逐出大观园后一病不起，在宝玉探望她之后香消玉殒。后来，宝玉作《芙蓉女儿诔》表达哀悼之情。
25.简答题（10分）
（1）下面这些个性化的语言分别出自哪些人物之口？（5分）①“咱们两讫了。这才叫作公平交易，人生就是一件交易。” ②“我爱咱们的中国呀，可是谁爱我呢？”
③“一个人并不是生来要给打败的，你尽可能把他消灭掉，可就是打不败他。” ④“宁教我负天下人，休教天下人负我。” ⑤“生存还是毁灭，这是一个值得考虑的问题。”
（2）请简述《红楼梦》中王熙凤“借剑杀人”害死尤二姐的情节。（5分）
三、材料概括分析题（15分）
阅读下面的材料，完成26~28题。
①“黑箱”是控制论中的概念。意为在认识上主体对其内部情况全然不知的对象。“科技黑箱”的含义与此有所不同，它是一种特殊的存贮知识、运行知识的设施或过程，使用者如同面对黑箱，不必打开，也不必理解和掌握其中的知识，只需按规则操作即可得到预期的结果。例如电脑、手机、摄像机、芯片，以及药品等，可以说，技术的99%以上中间和最终成果都是科技黑箱。
②科技黑箱是特殊的传播与共享知识的媒体，具有三大特点。首先，它使得每一个使用者——不仅牛顿，都能直接“站在巨人的肩上”继续前进。试想，如果要全世界的电脑使用者都透彻掌握电脑的工作原理，掌握芯片上的电子理论，那需要多少时间？知识正是通过科技黑箱这一途径而达到最大限度的共享。其次，科技黑箱需要满足特定主体在特定场合乃至心理的需要，它往往与语境和主体相关。使用一个月后的电脑已经深深地打上了个人的印记，这就说明，在认识变得简单易行之时，实践变得复杂和重要。最后，当科技为我们打开一扇又一扇门的时候，我们能拒绝它的诱惑不进去吗？而一旦进去，我们的行为能不受制于房间和走道的形状吗？表面上是使用者在支配科技黑箱，然而科技黑箱却正在使用者“不知情”的情况下，对使用者施加潜移默化的影响，也就是说使用者被生产方对象化了。
③值得注意的是，科技黑箱在使科技知识被使用者广泛共享之时，也往往使这部分知识因共享而贬值甚至被人遗忘。那么还要不要学习集成于科技黑箱中已经贬值的科技知识，例如电磁理论、牛顿力学，甚至四则运算？这是一个很有意思的问题。时至今日，历史上的很多技术已经失传或过时，但是也有相当多的技术流传至今，例如中国的针灸等科技黑箱就是如此。这提示我们，对于历史上存在过的知识应予宽容。
④此外，由于使用者不必从头学起即可操作科技黑箱，于是就可能发生对科技黑箱的滥用。科学技术是一把双刃剑，科技黑箱无疑会使得双刃剑的哪一刃都变得更为锋利。
（选自吕乃基《行进于世界3的技术》，有删改）
26.第①段中运用了哪些说明方法？（3分）
27.请依据第②段概括“科技黑箱”的三大特点。（6分）28.根据文本，说说“科技黑箱”的利弊。（6分）
2017~2018学第二学期期末抽测
高二年级语文试题参考答案
一、语言文字运用（15分）
1.（3分）B（影影绰绰:形容人或物隐约，看不真切；模模糊糊：指看不清事物的状态或意志不清醒。元素：要素；成分:构成事物的各种物质或因素。原型:原始的模型，特指文学艺术作品中塑造人物形象所依据的现实生活中的人。原形：本来的形状,原来的形态。）2.（3分）C（A项“红巾翠袖”指女子装饰，代指美人；B项“环佩”指古时衣带上系的玉佩，代指昭君；C项“玉钿”，用珠玉制成的花朵状的女子首饰，这里喻指梅花；D项“蛾眉”指女子眉毛，代指美女容貌。）
3.（3分）D（A项是安徽滁州琅琊山醉翁亭的一副对联，用以赞美欧阳修的；B项为郭沫若题蒲松龄故居；C项是郭沫若书杜甫草堂；D项所谓“金石文章”，是指韩愈的文章“掷地有金石声”，这是表扬韩愈文章做的好。所谓“空八代”，是借苏轼的评价“文起八代之衰”。下联则是褒奖韩氏一族的源远流长、声名壮大。）
4.（3分）B（④①紧密相连，“处处都是学问”承接上文“不必限于读书”，⑤②③⑥依照的是艺术家创作的逻辑顺序，先是“在艺术范围之外下功夫”，然后是“玩索得一种意象”，接着是“酝酿”，最后是“翻译”。）
5.（3分）A（A项菡萏即荷花，从蝉声急和菡萏香可见是夏季；B项杨花可见是春季；C项禁火为寒食节，可见是春季；D项东风、轻雷可见是春季。）
二、文言文阅读（18分）6.（3分）B（冲：虚，空虚）
7.（3分）C（C项文集是皮日休自己辑录的）
8.（1）（4分）黄巢怀疑皮日休内心怀恨，一定是讥讽自己，就把他杀了，皮日休临刑前，神色不变，无论认识不认识他的人都感到痛心和惋惜。评分建议：“衷”、“遂”、“无”各1分，语句通顺1分。
（2）（4分）依照原作的韵脚作诗酬答，这种方法历史不长，元和以前，没有见过。评分建议：“次韵”、“古”各1分，“未之见”句式1分，语句通顺1分。9．（4分）①和韵不切意；②切意难押韵。
评分建议：每点2分，意思对即可。如果学生答出“声韵限制了才情”可得4分。【参考译文】
皮日休字袭美，又字逸少，是襄阳人。他隐居在鹿门山中，生性嗜好饮酒，酷爱作诗，号称“醉吟先生”，又自称为“醉士”；而且高傲放达，又号称“间气布衣”，说自己是天地中的间气。他自以为文章了不起，尤其擅长箴和铭这两种文体。咸通八年，皮日休进士及第，任著作郎，又升为太常博士。其时正当唐朝末年，乱军叛匪如虎狼般放纵不轨，老百姓不知该怎么办，朝野上下的所作所为，都是导致天下大乱的行径，皮日休于是写了《鹿门隐书》六十篇，大多是讥讽谴责荒谬的政治。有一篇中说：“诋毁别人的人，也诋毁了他自己；赞誉别人的人，也赞誉了他自己。”又说：“不认真考虑就发表声明，不相互了解就决定建交，这恐怕是我所畏惧的呀。”又说：“古代是怒而杀人，如今是笑而杀人。”又说：“古代设置官吏是用来驱逐盗贼，如今设置官吏，是用来变成盗贼”等等，这些话都是有所指才这样说的。
皮日休的性格平和淡泊无所谋求，面对危难无所畏惧。乾符年间丧乱，皮日休东出潼关，担任毗陵副使，被黄巢叛军俘获。黄巢爱惜他的文才，任命他为翰林学士。皮日休惶恐不安，惊惧欲死，却又不能。黄巢胁迫他写谶文来迷惑众人，皮日休写道：“欲知圣人姓，田八二十一；欲知圣人名，果头三屈律。”黄巢怀疑皮日休内心怀恨，一定是讥讽自己，就把他杀了，皮日休临刑前，神色不变，无论认识不认识他的人都感到痛心和惋惜。
皮日休在家乡时，与陆龟蒙有金兰之交，每日用诗相互赠答。皮日休辑录自己的文章十卷，命名为《文薮》，和他的《诗集》一卷，《滑台集》七卷，还著有《皮氏鹿门家钞》九十卷，都流传后世。
依照原作的韵脚作诗酬答，这种方法历史不长，元和以前，没有见过。至令狐楚、薛能、元稹、白居易的诗集中，逐渐开始。依照别人的诗意来作诗酬答的方法逐渐废止，偶见有作。到皮日休、陆龟蒙，次韵和诗风气大盛，犹如空谷回响，随声应答。韩偓、吴融以后，遵守这种次韵和诗的方法更加坚定，以至于泛滥而无拘禁。这时天下人都追随这种方法，如顺风势而急速前行，以至同韵相和反复酬唱数十篇都不罢休，没有人知道其弊端。
才情这种东西，聚集起来不满把，分散出去则充满天地之间，在时间流逝中排遣心怀，在事物外表上寄托兴致，有时上下出入，纵横流散，笔墨所到之处，何物不在我笔下，本不受限于声韵和谐与否等禁忌。如今诗人的才情则受到声韵的限制，而且用韵的次序还不能颠倒，有时作出合韵的佳句却与全诗意境挨不上边，相互抵触难以融合；有时词句切合事理却无法勉强押韵，用与不用这些词句都违背了诗人的意愿。这必然导致束缚良才于窘迫之地，勉强牵连不相关的词句，想要使诗作得白璧无瑕，一千首里也见不到一首，这是诗家的一大弊端。
三、古诗词鉴赏（11分）
10.（5分）①选取典型景物：如晚树、寒禽、斜阳、乱石等；②远近结合：斜照为远景，乱石为近景；③融（寓）情于景：“水寒”、“流难”景中有情。评分建议：前两点每点2分，第③点1分。
11.（6分）①对梅花常年困居此地的惆怅；②以梅花自比，对自身遭遇的感伤（或答成自哀自怜）；③对自己遭诬被贬的愤懑；④对遭贬不知何时放还的迷惘。评分建议：每点2分，答出三点即可。
四、名句名篇默写（8分）
12．（8分）（1）非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者
（2）其翼若垂天之云
（3）惟有饮者留其名
（4）黄芦苦竹绕宅生
（5）使负栋之柱
（6）凌万顷之茫然
（7）可以群
（8）零落成泥碾作尘
评分建议：每空1分，有错、别、漏、多字则该空不得分。
五、现代文阅读
（一）（20分）
13.（4分）①表现我年少时家境的贫穷以及我的忧伤；②衬托父亲的浪漫精神；③引起下文对父亲与贫穷作斗争的叙写；④奠定文章感伤的情感基调。
评分建议：每点1分。第①点答“家境贫穷”或“我的忧伤”其中一点即可。答出“压抑”、“自卑”、“忍耐”，亦可；第②点答“与父亲与生俱来的浪漫精神形成鲜明对比”，亦可；第③点答成“为下文写父亲与贫穷作斗争作铺垫”，亦可。
14.（4分）①具有浪漫精神；②勤劳辛苦；③聪明能干；④努力执著；⑤热爱生活。
评分建议：每点1分，答出其中4点即可。第①点若答“率性而为”等词也可得分；第②点答成“吃苦耐劳”也可得分；第③点概括成“聪颖”“灵巧”也可得分。15.（6分）①运用想象、比拟的手法；②形象地表现了父亲放弃梦想的失落和惆怅；③表达了我对父亲的理解和同情。
评分建议：每点2分。第①点想象1分，比拟1分，若答“语言富有表现力”或“细节描写”可得1分。
16.（6分）①指父亲想建造而未建成的红砖屋；②指父亲未能实现的理想；③表达我对父亲的遗憾和同情；④人生总会因各种羁绊而无法实现理想。
评分建议：每点2分，答出其中3点即可。有其它合理的理解可酌情给分。第②点答成“指父亲在现实中碰壁的浪漫精神”亦可。
六、现代文阅读
（二）（18分）
17.（6分）①首先表明对一些争鸣的反对态度；②接着以《松鹤图》、岳飞等为例批判 “求甚解”的做法；③最后提出不求甚解的方法。
评分建议：每点2分。第②点若答成“接着以《松鹤图》、岳飞等为例论证求甚解反失其解的观点”，亦可。第③点答成“最后提出争鸣的正确做法”，亦可。
18.（6分）①提出评价英雄人物的方法；②引用论证，证明岳飞、文天祥等是民族英雄说法的正确性；③增强文章的说服力；④为后文“不求甚解”的论说提供支撑。
评分建议：每点2分。③④两点答出其中一点即可；第①点若答成“指出应如何评价英雄人物”，亦可；第②点只答引用论证而不作解释，不得分。
19.（6分）①认真阅读（仔细品味）；②能进能出（圆通灵活）；③重在会意（把握精髓）。
评分建议：每点2分。第②点答成“思想自由”、“不受限制”、“不拘泥文本”、“出入自由”亦可得分。照抄原文不得分。
七、作文（70分）20.（1）审题立意
规则从本质上来讲都具有约束意义。没有规则或不讲规则是混乱甚至可怕的，而拘泥于规则或遵从“潜规则”又会导致停滞甚至堕落。
本材料审题难度不大，除非脱离“规则”来写，一般不会跑题。可以有多种立意：①遵守规则；②打破规则；③既要遵守规则又要勇于打破规则。以上三种，如果仅仅写遵守好的规则，打破坏的规则，而看不到规则本身的价值和弊端，则易流于肤浅。如果能在正义的个案和正义的规则相冲突时，给出自己的选择，且言之成理，则较为深刻。
徐州市2017~2018学第二学期高二期末抽测
语文Ⅱ（附加题）参考答案及评分建议
一、阅读下面的材料，完成21～23题。(10分)21.（5分）信不由中／质无益也／明恕而行／要之以礼／虽无有质／谁能间之 22.（2分）公羊传
谷梁传（答春秋公羊传、春秋谷梁传亦可）
23.（3分）①信任要发自内心；（1分）②行事要光明磊落、互相体谅；（1分）③行事要按礼法。（1分）
评分建议：每点得1分，只用原文表述不给分。参考译文：
君子说：“如果信用不是发自内心的，即使有人质，又有什么用呢？光明磊落、互相体谅地行事，再要按照礼法行事，即使没有人质，谁能离间他们呢？如果真有诚意，即使是涧溪沼沚中的野草，蘋蘩蕰藻之类的野菜，筐筥锜釜的器物，潢污行潦的水，这些很普通很常见的东西都可以用来祭祀鬼神，进献于王公，更何况君子缔结两国之间的诚信，按照礼法行事，又哪里需要人质呢？
二、名著阅读题(15分)24.（5分）B、C（B.蜀将魏延提出“兵出子午谷”之计；C.正是这些使老人摆脱了在海上的单调与孤独。）
评分建议：选对1项得2分，选对2项得5分。25.（10分）
（1）（5分）①老葛朗台（葛朗台）；②常四爷；③圣地亚哥（桑提亚哥、桑地亚哥）；④曹操（曹孟德）；⑤哈姆莱特（哈姆雷特）。
（2）(5分)①凤姐审问兴儿得知贾琏偷娶了尤二姐；（1分）②设计骗尤二姐入住大观园；（1分）③挑唆张华告状；（1分）④利用秋桐折磨尤二姐；（1分）⑤尤二姐吞金自尽。（1分）
评分建议：每点1分。事件的起因、过程、结局等要素要完备；表述意思大致对即可。其中第①点答“凤姐从平儿处得知”或答“审问下人得知”也算对。
三、材料概括分析题（15分）
26.（3分）①作诠释；②举例子；③列数字。
评分建议：每点1分。第①点答“下定义”亦可。
27.（6分）①它使得使用者达到最大限度的共享。（2分）②往往与语境和主体相关。（2分）③对使用者施加潜移默化的影响。（2分）
评分建议：第①点照抄原文不得分 ；第②点答“需要满足特定主体在特定场合乃至心理的需要”亦可； 第③点答“使用者被生产方对象化了”亦可。
28.（6分）①使科技知识被使用者广泛共享；也往往使这部分知识因共享而贬值甚至被人遗忘。（3分）②使用者不必从头学起即可操作科技黑箱；也可能发生对科技黑箱的滥用。（3分)
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