第一篇：污水处理英文翻译资料
河流污水处理的相关论述
前言
随着工业化和城市化的发展，水环境污染、水资源紧缺日益严重，水污染控制、水环境保护已刻不容缓。我国现在新建城市或城区采用雨污分流制，但老城市或老城区大多仍然是雨污合流的排水体制。许多合流污水是直接排放到水体。而将旧合流制改为分流制，受现状条件限制大许多。老城区建成年代较长，地下管线基本成型，地面建筑拥挤，路面狭窄，旧合流制改分流制难度较大。合流污水的一大特点是旱季和雨季的水质、水量变化大，雨季污水 BOD 浓度低，不利于生化处理。国家提出 2010 的我国城市污水处理率要求达到 40%, 因此研究有效的合流污水处理方法对加快城市污水处理步伐具有重要的意义。本文针对合流污水处理的有关情况，谈一些个人看法。污水处理工艺要求
我国目前不少城市，新城区与老城区并存，合流制与分流制并存。因此，新建或扩建的污水处理厂，在满足城市总体规划和排水规划需要的同时，还应能达到如下要求:
1.具备接纳旧城区合流污水的能力，具有较强的适应冲击负荷的能力。污水处理厂污水来源包括两部分，一是新城区分流污水，二是老城区合流污水。与合流污水相比，分流污水水质、水量变化幅度小得多，对污水处理厂调节缓冲的要求小得多。对于合流污
水，降雨前期因雨水冲刷街区，合流污水较脏，但水量相对较小，降雨后期水量较大，但污水中有机物浓度相对较小。因此，降雨前期合流污水，可考虑与分流污水一起经预处理后进入污水处理构筑物。降雨后期合流污水，除一部分与分流污水一起经污水预处理构筑物进入污水处理构筑物外，另一部分可考虑通过雨污溢流构筑物进入雨污溢流沉定池后排入附近水体。为了对进入污水处理构筑物的合流污水高峰流量、水质波动进行缓冲调节，污水处理构筑物
储存水量。
2.具有可靠的 BOD、COD、SS 去除功能及氮磷去除功能，保证最终出水水质稳定。通常情况下，城市污水中难降解有机物较少，BOD、COD 去除比较容易实现，而氮磷去除则较复杂。我国现行的污水排放标准对污水处理厂出水氮磷指标有严 格的要求，故城市污水处理都必须达到氮磷的有效去除。在现行城市污水脱氮除磷工艺中，A2/0 采用较为广泛。针对 A2/0 现了许多改进工艺，每种工艺又都存在各自的特点和局限。由于合流污水引起的水质、水量波动较大，对污水厂各处理单元产生冲击，为了适应受纳水体的要求，为使 BOD、COD 等指标进一步降低，进一步去除污水中的细菌及氮、磷等植物性营养物质，在污水厂与受纳水体之间可设氧化塘。
3.具有灵活多变的运行方式，可根据收集的污水量、进水水质以及季节变化调整运行方式。常规 A2/0 工艺，很难做到灵活方便地调整运行方式。但 A2/0工艺从构成原理上讲，是在曝气段前
加厌氧段和缺氧段。这一原理用于氧化沟技术，便可形成各种适应不同水质、水量、季节变化的运行方式。污水厂可根据实际情况设两个以上的氧化沟，每个沟设一定数量的水力推进器，池底均匀分布微孔爆气器。通过调整氧化沟污水进水管阀门、曝气器的开及关的区域、内回流比大小、污泥回流比大小及水力推进器运行个数，便可形成串联、并联等若干种运行方式。每种运行方式具有各自区域大小不同的厌氧段、缺氮段、曝气段。
用串联运行方式，雨季污水量大，则采用并联运行方式。夏季温度高，硝化反应速度快，则采用具有较小曝气区域、较小硝化段的运行方式，相应反硝化区域增加、功能加强，冬季情况则正好相反。如进水碳源浓度较低，则采取串联的、使后续反硝化段的碳源能得到补充的运行方式。3 工艺流程选择和特点说明
根据污水合流制与分流制并存的特点及处理后污水排放水体的要求: 来自新城区的分流污水，经格栅处理后进入后续污水处理构筑物;来自老城区的合流污水平时直接进入污水处理系统。降雨时，前期的较脏、水量较小的合流污水，与分流污水一起经格栅后进入后续污水处理构筑物。降雨后期的合流污水水量较大主要含泥砂，一部分经雨污溢流构筑物，在沉淀池作短暂停留，去除部分泥砂后直接排放水体，另一部分则与分流污水一起经格栅后进入后续处理构筑物。格栅用以去除污水中的大块悬浮物、漂浮物等污物，以消除大块污物对后续处理系统的不良影响。曝气沉砂池用以去除较
大砂粒及其他无机污染物颗粒，以提高污泥活性有机组分含量、减轻对管道设备的磨损、减轻后续沉淀池负荷、改 善系统运行条件。初沉池主要用以去除 SS，在初沉池中，根据进水水质情况，可适时外加碳源和氨氮，以保证有足够量和适当比例的 C、N、P 来源，为后续生化反应正常运行创造条件。缓冲池主要作用是在合流污水高峰流量时均衡水质、储存水量。氧化沟是一种简易、高效、它既是完全混合式，又具有推流式特征。由于沟渠溶解氧浓度的递减变化规律，通过适当安排进水口、出水口、回流污泥入口位置，氧化沟可形成一个倒置 A2/0 工艺。根据硝化、反硝化、生物除磷及好氧活性污泥微生物的代谢特在缺氧段，主要功能是脱氮，回流污泥中反硝化菌以原水中有机物为碳源，以来自好氧段的硝化液中的硝酸盐为电子受体，将硝态氮 NO-3-N 还原为气态氮 N2。在厌氧段，主要功能是释磷，回流污泥中聚磷菌分解释放体内聚磷酸盐，同时摄入污水中的有机物，以 PHB 及糖原等形式储存于细胞内。对于缺氧段与厌氧段的过渡过区域，既非严格的厌氧状态，而溶解氧浓度又低于缺氧段，脱氮与释磷过程都将存在，但都不易取得竞争优势。在好氧段，功能有三:
1、好氧活性污泥中微生物，使污水中有机物得到降解、去除，好氧微生物本身得以增殖，活性污泥得以增长;
2、在亚硝化菌和硝化菌作用下，将污水中氨氮 NH+4-N 氧化成硝态氮，主要为NO-3-N;
3、聚磷菌体内 PHB 氧化产生大量能量一部分用于从污水中过量吸收磷酸盐，并以聚磷的
形式贮存于体内，一部分供给细菌合成和维持生命。与 A2/0工艺相比，前置缺氧段不仅可优先从污水中获得碳源，强化反硝化过程。同时，因先经历反硝化过程，消除了硝酸盐的大量存在对聚磷菌厌氧释磷过程的不利影响。通过对曝气器的控制，沟渠内可形成区域大小适宜的缺氧段、厌氧段、曝气段，在去除 BOD 的同时进行生物脱氮除磷，能取得较好的氮磷去除效果。特别是能够通过对曝气区域大小和进出水管阀门的控制，形成灵活多变的运行方式，适应污水水量、水质、季节性的变化，具有广阔的发展应用前景。当水质波动幅度不大时，通过前述的预处理、生物处理后的污水，一般能排放水体，但由于各种不确定偶发因素的影响，这样考虑处理水排放存在不小风险。当水质、出。由于水污染、生态破坏的严峻形 势，城市污水处理厂必须从技术上严格把关，从工艺上确保处理水安全排放水体。若在生物处理工艺之后设置熟化塘，不仅可在污水处理厂和受纳水体之间起缓冲作用，还能通过藻类-动物性浮游生物-鱼类等食物链和生态系统，使 BOD、COD指标、细菌及氮磷等植物性营养物浓度进一步降低，具有良好稳定的处理效果。特别是在熟化塘系统中，通过塘内生态系中多条食物链的物质迁移、转化和能量逐级传递、转化，在去除污染的同时，以水产资源形式达到物质、能量的回收，将污水处理与利用相结合，实现污水资源化。4 结语
1.合流制污水水质、水量波动幅度大, 技术工艺必须满足缓和冲
击负荷的要求，设置缓冲池均衡水质、储存水量比较适宜。
2.通过多个氧化沟构成若干个串、并联运行方式，在适应进水水质、水量、季节性变化方面能够发挥重要作用。
3.通过安排适当的进出水口位置、回流污泥入口位置，氧化沟可形式一个倒置A2/0 工艺，在去除 BOD 的同时，能取得较好的氮磷去除效果
4.熟化塘的应用，为处理水安全排放水体，能够提供可靠的技术保证。熟化塘投资省、运行费用低、管理维护方面、污水处理与利用相结合，在防治水污染、保护水环境及生态环境综合治理方面具有明显优势。如果美化熟化塘表观，设置喷泉等设施，形成供人们休闲、游乐的人工景点，协调城市建设中土地资源的合理配置，那么熟化塘占地面积较大这一不足就不会成为突出的问题。
Combined sewage treatment related discussion Preface
With the industrialization and urbanization development, water pollution, worsening water shortage, water pollution control, environmental protection has urgent need of water.China is now adopting a new city or urban stormwater sewage diversion system, but the old city or the old city is still mostly combined sewage stormwater drainage system, a number of combined sewage is directly discharged into the
water body.The confluence of the old system to a triage system, the status quo conditions, and many of the old city built during the long, underground pipeline basic shape, the ground construction crowded, narrow roads, the old Combined triage system more difficult to change.Combined sewage is a major feature of the water quality of the dry and wet seasons, water changes, low BOD effluent concentration during the rainy season is not conducive to biochemical treatment.Countries, 2010 China's urban sewage treatment rate of 40 percent required, and therefore the study of the convergence of effective methods of sewage treatment, sewage treatment to accelerate the pace of the city is of great significance.In this paper, the convergence of the sewage treatment situation, some personal views.Requirements of the sewage treatment process
Many cities in China, the new city with the coexistence of the old city, Combined with the streaming system co-exist.Therefore, new or expanded sewage treatment plant to meet the overall urban planning and drainage planning requirements should be able to meet the following requirements:
(1)Have to accept merging the old city sewage capabilities, a strong ability to adapt to the impact load.Source of the sewage treatment plant effluent is composed of two parts: First, the new urban sewage diversion;Second, merging the old city sewage.Compared with the combined
sewage, sewage diversion of water quality, water, a much smaller range of sewage treatment plants require much less adjustment buffer.The confluence of sewage and rain red rain due to pre-rinse blocks, merging more dirty water, but water is relatively small;rain water, the larger the latter, but the concentration of organic compounds in water is relatively small.Therefore, pre-confluence rain water,could be considered together with the diversion of sewage by pre-treated sewage into the structure.Combined sewage late rainfall, with the exception of part of the sewage, together with the diversion of sewage by pre-treatment structures into the sewage treatment structures, and the other part to consider the adoption of stormwater pollution entering the storm sewage overflow structures Shen overflow pool set into the nearby water body after.In order to enter the structure of the combined sewage effluent peak flow, water quality buffer fluctuations conditioning, sewage treatment structures regulating the front-end buffer pool can be installed in order to balance water quality, storage of water.(2)Reliable BOD, COD, SS removal of nitrogen and phosphorus removal function and features to ensure the stability of the final effluent quality.Under normal circumstances, urban sewage in less refractory organic matter, BOD, COD removal is easier to achieve, rather than the complexity of nitrogen and phosphorus removal.The current effluent standards for sewage treatment plant effluent nitrogen and phosphorus
indicators have strict requirements, it must be of urban sewage treatment to achieve the effective removal of nitrogen and phosphorus.Under the existing urban sewage nitrogen and phosphorus removal process, A2 / 0 used more widely.For the A2 / 0 process problems, the present situation of a number of improvements in technology, technology also exists for each of the characteristics and limitations of each.As a result of merging the water quality caused by sewage, water, volatile, wastewater treatment plant on the impact of the processing units, in order to adapt to the receiving water requirements, in order to BOD, COD and other indicators of a further drop low, further removal of sewage bacteria and nitrogen, phosphorus and other plant nutrients in the wastewater treatment plant and receiving water can be established between the oxidation pond.(3)With flexible operation mode, according to the quantity of sewage collection, water quality and seasonal variation of the adjustment operation.Conventional A2 / 0 process, it is difficult to do adjust the flexible operation mode.However, A2 / 0 process from the principle constitutes a sense, before the paragraph in the aeration and anoxic plus anaerobic paragraph.This principle for the oxidation ditch technology can be adapted to the formation of a variety of different water quality, quantity, seasonal changes in the operating mode.Wastewater treatment plant can be established according to the actual situation of the oxidation ditch more than two, each for a certain amount of ditch water propeller，bottom uniform microporous gas explosion device.3 Selection and characteristics of that process
Oxidation ditch is a simple, efficient and economical municipal wastewater treatment technology, has developed rapidly in recent decades.In the flow pattern, it is completely mixed, but also has push-flow characteristics.As a result of the decreasing concentration of dissolved oxygen ditches changes and appropriate arrangements through the inlet, outlet, back to the entrance of the location of the sludge, oxidation ditch can be inverted to form a A2 / 0 process:
Combined sewage system in accordance with the characteristics of both a triage system, and treated water discharge requirements.Grille to remove the effluent suspended solids in the large, floating debris such as dirt, to remove large pieces of dirt on the follow-up to the adverse effects of treatment systems.Aerated grit chamber to remove large sand particles and other inorganic pollutants in order to improve Active organic component content in the sludge, reducing wear and tear on the plumbing, the follow-up sedimentation tanks to reduce load and improve the system operating conditions.Primary sedimentation tank for removal of the main SS, Shen pool in the beginning, according to the influent water quality can be a timely addition to carbon and nitrogen in order to ensure adequate and proper proportion of C, N, P sources, in order to follow-up biological and chemical response to create the
conditions for normal operation.The main role of a buffer pool of sewage in the combined balance of the water quality peak flow, storage of water.And A2 / 0 process, the pre-hypoxic paragraph priority not only to obtain carbon from the wastewater, and strengthen the process of denitrification.At the same time, by first going through the process of denitrification, nitrate eliminated the existence of a large number of PAOs anaerobic phosphorus release the adverse effects of the process.City of diversion from new sewage treatment by the grating into the sewage treatment follow-up structures;from the merging of the old city sewage, usually directly into the sewage treatment system.Rainfall, the pre-than dirt, water, the merging of smaller sewage, together with the diversion of sewage into the follow-up by the grating structures sewage treatment;the merging of the late rains the sewage water, largely with silt, some through stormwater pollution overflow structures, in the sedimentation tank for a short stay, after the removal of some sediment, direct discharge of water bodies, the other part, together with the diversion of sewage into the follow-up by the grating structures to deal with.In accordance with nitrification, denitrification, biological phosphorus removal activated sludge and aerobic metabolism of microorganisms in the anoxic paragraph, the main function is to denitrification, sludge return to denitrifying bacteria as a carbon source of
organic matter in raw water, from the aerobic paragraph nitrification of nitrate solution for the electron acceptor, the nitrate(NO-3-N)back into gaseous nitrogen(N2).Anaerobic paragraph, the main function is to address the phosphorus, the return sludge in the decomposition of phosphate accumulating bacteria in vivo release of polyphosphate, while intake of organic matter in wastewater to the form of PHB and glycogen stored in the cells.Hypoxic anaerobic paragraph for paragraph and the transition over the region, neither strictly anaerobic state, And the concentration of dissolved oxygen above and below the anoxic, denitrification and phosphorus release process will exist, but are not easy to gain a competitive edge.In aerobic, functions There are three: first, Aerobic activated sludge micro-organisms, so that has been the degradation of organic matter in wastewater, removed themselves to the proliferation of aerobic micro-organisms, activated sludge to growth;Second, Nitrosation nitrification bacteria and fungi Under the effect of ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater(NH +4-N)oxidized to nitrate(mainly NO-3-N);III PAOs PHB in vivo oxidation of a large amount of energy, part of the sewage from excessive absorption of phosphorus salts, and the form of poly-P stored in the body, part of the supply and maintenance of bacterial synthesis 4 Conclusion
By Aerator control ditches can be suitable for the formation of the
size of the hypoxic region paragraph, paragraph anaerobic, aeration paragraph, at the same time in the BOD removal of biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal to obtain a better removal of nitrogen and phosphorus effect.In particular to Aeration through the pipes into and out of the region and the size of the control valve to form a flexible operation mode, to adapt to water, sewage, water quality, seasonal changes, there are broad prospects for development of applications.
第二篇：英文翻译资料
晋 中 学 院
本科毕业设计英文参考资料
题目
院系晋中学院机械学院
专业 机械设计制造及其自动化
姓名王棚丙
学号1214312128
学习年限2012年9月到2014年6月
指导教师段小丽职称 助教
申请学位学士学位
2014年2 月 18日
第三篇：英文翻译练习资料
1.set out to pay off the debt by installment, keeping it at a manageable level(开始分期偿还债务，将其控制到一个可以管理的水平).2.quantities of fresh orders will pour in(大量新订单会源源不断地涌来).3.you had better switch off TV when the air-condition is on(你最好在开着空调的时候将电视机关掉).4.new buildings have sprung up all over the city（新建筑物犹如雨后春笋般出现在这座城市里）
5.are doomed to failure.（相信他们是注定失败的）.6.These don’t necessarily amount to a new industry policy(这些也许不足以形成一个新的产业政策)，7.My life has been fundamentally changed by some courses at Harvard(在哈佛所学的一些课程，从根本上改变了我的人生道路)
8.in fact you win others’ respect and support(事实上你赢得了别人的尊重和支持).9.The reception offers a variety of desserts and drinks（酒会提供各种各样的甜点和酒水饮料）
10.create a number of job opportunities and technological innovations.(创造了大量的就业机会和技
术创新成果).11.blot out completely the meteor shower.(完完全全挡住了流星雨的光芒).12.a young and capable new manager to fill into his shoes(一位年轻又能干的新经理接替他).13.bring down the inflation rate of the rich(降低对于富人的通胀率).14.in the aftermath of the severe global financial crisis ,(在严重的全球金融危机之后).15.Think back on things that brought joy as a child or teenager_(回想一下你童年和少年时那些让你开心的东西).16.When a group of angry sharks come getting to take revenge(当一群愤怒的鲨鱼前来寻仇时)..In the space of just a few years(只不过仅仅几年的时间).18.long before the tourists like you and me.(早在像你我这样的旅行者之前).19.passes in front of the inner eye in great detail in a split second(详详细细的在一瞬间，会如电影一样在心眼前闪过).20.will apply for a permanent job for the next two years(并在未来两年申请长期工作的人).21.turned up at Jane’s wedding reception.(出现在简的婚礼上)。
22.was shocked at company’s real loss.(对公司实际亏损的披露吃了一惊)。
23.I was in anxiety under cross examinations(受到盘问时神经是何等紧张)。
24.Oddly enough(说也奇怪)，.25.face frustrations with a good grace(微笑着以优雅态度面对挫折的人)，and reward them in the long run.26.are all of a piece with his age and status(要与他的年龄和社会地位相符合)。
27.pursue one’s dream even if getting into difficulty(即使遇到挫折时，也要坚持自己的梦想和追求)。
28.be prosecuted in accordance with law(按照法律予以起诉)。
29.for my part I’m only too willing to accept the terms(就我本人来说，我会很乐意接受提出来的条件的)。
30.let each other understand what is driven at(在对话时让对方知道自己的真实意图)。
第四篇：万圣节的资料英文翻译
万圣节的资料英文翻译
One story about Jack, an Irishman, who was not allowed into Heaven because he was stingy with his money.So he was sent to hell.But down there he played tricks on the Devil(Satan), so he was kicked out of Hell and made to walk the earth forever carrying a lantern.Well, Irish children made Jack's lanterns on October 31st from a large potato or turnip, hollowed out with the sides having holes and lit by little candles inside.And Irish children would carry them as they went from house to house begging for food for the village Halloween festival that honored the Druid god Muck Olla.The Irish name for these lanterns was “Jack with the lantern” or “Jack of the lantern,” abbreviated as “ Jack-o'-lantern” and now spelled “jack-o-lantern.” The traditional Halloween you can read about in most books was just children's fun night.Halloween celebrations would start in October in every elementary school.Children would make Halloween decorations, all kinds of orange-paper jack-o-lanterns.And from black paper you'd cut “scary” designs---an evil witch with a pointed hat riding through the sky on a broomstick, maybe with black bats flying across the moon, and that meant bad luck.And of course black cats for more bad luck.Sometimes a black cat would ride away into the sky on the back of the witch's broom.And on Halloween night we'd dress up in Mom or Dad's old shoes and clothes, put on a mask, and be ready to go outside.The little kids(children younger than we were)had to go with their mothers, but we older ones went together to neighbors' houses, ringing their doorbell and yelling, “Trick or treat!” meaning, “Give us a treat(something to eat)or we'll play a trick on you!” The people inside were supposed to come to the door and comment on our costumes.Oh!here's a ghost.Oh, there's a witch.Oh, here's an old lady.Sometimes they would play along with us and pretend to be scared by some ghost or witch.But they would always have some candy and maybe an apple to put in our “trick or treat bags.” But what if no one come to the door, or if someone chased us away? Then we'd play a trick on them, usually taking a piece of soap and make marks on their windows..And afterwards we would go home and count who got the most candy.One popular teen-agers' Halloween trick was to unroll a roll of toilet paper and throw it high into a tree again and again until the tree was all wrapped in the white paper.The paper would often stay in the tree for weeks until a heavy snow or rain washed it off.No real harm done, but it made a big mess of both the tree and the yard under it.One kind of Halloween mischief.关于万圣节有这样一个故事。是说有一个叫杰克的爱尔半兰人，因为他对钱特别的吝啬，就不允许他进入天堂，而被打入地狱。但是在那里他老是捉弄魔鬼撒旦，所以被踢出地狱，罚他提着灯笼永远在人世里行走。在十月三十一日爱尔兰的孩子们用土豆和罗卜制作“杰克的灯笼”，他们把中间挖掉、表面上打洞并在里边点上蜡烛。为村里庆祝督伊德神的万圣节，孩子们提着这种灯笼挨家挨户乞计食物。?这种灯笼的爱尔兰名字是“拿灯笼的杰克”或者“杰克的灯笼”，缩写为Jack-o'-lantern ?在拼写为jack-o-lantern。现在你在大多数书里读到的万圣节只是孩子们开心的夜晚。在小学校里，万圣节是每年十月份开始庆祝的。孩子们会制作万圣节的装饰品：各种各样桔红色的南瓜灯。你可以用黑色的纸做一个可怕的造形??一个骑在扫帚把上戴著尖尖帽子的女巫飞过天空，或者是黑蝙蝠飞过月亮。这些都代表恶运。当然黑猫代表运气更差。有时候会出现黑猫骑在女巫扫帚后面飞向天空的造形。在万圣节的晚上，我们都穿着爸爸妈妈的旧衣服和旧鞋子，戴上面具，打算外出。比我们小的孩子必须和他们的母亲一块出去，我们大一点的就一起哄到领居家，按他们的门铃并大声喊道：“恶作剧还是招待!”意思是给我们吃的，要不我们就捉弄你。里边的人们应该出?评价我们的化装。“噢!这是鬼，那是女巫，这是个老太婆。” 有时候他们会跟我们一起玩，假装被鬼或者女巫吓着了。但是他们通常会带一些糖果或者苹果放进我们的“恶作剧还是招待”的口袋里。可是要是没人回答门铃或者是有人把我们赶开该怎么办呢?我们就捉弄他们，通常是拿一块肥皂把他们的玻璃涂得乱七八糟。然后我们回家，数数谁的糖果最多。还有一个典型的万圣节花招是把一卷手纸拉开，不停地往树上扔，直到树全被白纸裹起?。除非下大雪或大雨把纸冲掉，纸会一直呆在树上。这并不造成真正的伤害，只是把树和院子搞乱，一种万圣节的恶作剧。
Do you want to help me make a jack-o’-lantern?
你愿意帮我做个南瓜/杰克灯吗?
I’m going to put on a dark suit。
我要穿件黑衣服。
Are you going to wear a mask?
你要带面具吗?
Let me give you some candies。
我给你们些糖果吧。
What a horrible night!
多么可怕的晚上啊!
Our masks will scare off the spirits!
我们的面具可以把幽灵吓走!
My heart keeps pumping。
我的心一直跳得厉害。
We use the lantern to light the way for skeletons, devils, witches, ghosts, and the dead friends or relatives, for they will visit the earth。
我们用灯笼为骷髅、魔鬼、女巫、鬼魂和死去的朋友和亲戚照路，他们要来人间。
第五篇：医院污水处理站上墙资料
危险物品管理员职责
为严格加强危险物品在仓库储存、使用等管理工作，确保危险物品的安全和保证污水处理正常运行，根据国家有关规定，特制订管理员的工作职责。
一、管理员须经过一定的培训，具备一定相关知识。
二、严格危险物品的入、出库手续，做到账物相符，发现差错，及时查明原因。
三、危险物品存放地点要通风良好，门锁牢靠，地面干净、干燥，做好防火、防盗工作。
四、管理员应经常查看危险物品的存量、发现有量不够时，及时向总务科提出申购。
危险物品管理规定
为了加强危险物品的管理，确保危险物品在我院存放安全(不泄漏、不丢失），同时确保医院污水处理正常运行，特制订本管理规定。
一、根据国家规定，购买危险物品必须到当地公安机关备案。
二、危险物品的采购，必须到政府指定的地方或者具有合法的化学经营部门购买，购买时须开具发票。
三、危险物品必须单独存放（污水处理间），通风良好，门锁牢靠。
四、采购员购买危险物品到污水处理间时，必须与管理员做好交接手续。
五、管理员要履行管理员职责。
医院污水处理站工作人员职责
一、在总务科长领导下负责医院污水处理工作。
二、严格遵守劳动纪律，坚守工作岗位，严格按照污水处理操作规程操作，加强设备管理，确保污水处理正常运行。
三、每班（日）必须监测二次余氯，余氯含量应在≧2.5mg/L范围内。
四、每月检测一次粪大肠菌群数及细菌总数，其中：粪大肠菌每升不得大于500个，细菌总数每升不大于1000个，结核杆菌污水处理后呈阴性。
五、化粪池每半年清掏一次。沉淀池每年排放一次污泥，污泥运出前进行灭菌、灭卵处理，确保无害才能运出。
六、每班（日）要认真填写工作纪录及时填写报告单，每季度应向有关部门报告全面检测结果。
七、每月向卫生、环保部门汇报工作情况，提出问题及时整改。
污水处理站管理制度为了保护环境、防止环境污染及医院污水的流失、扩散，防止疾病传播，确保人民群众的身体健康，我院特制定本制度。
一、污水处理原则
1、防止污染：要防止传染病病菌的排放和对环境的污染，必须对排出的污水进行严格的消毒处理，达到医院污水排放标准方可排放。
2、分类处理：对含有放射性物质的废水、废液必须单独收集处理。
3、严格排放：放射科废水必须单独收集交深圳市工业废水中心处理，不得进入综合排水系统，余氯含量3-5mg/L，PH值7.54、执行标准：符合深圳市一级或二级排放标准
5、保证安全：医院污水消毒选用次氯酸钠消毒剂，操作简单，安全可靠，效率高。
二、我院污水处理站专职负责人：
1、职责：每日检查二氧化氯发生器设备的运转情况，包括：水流速度、药箱入口、管道是否通畅等。
2、加氯量的设计和投放：30mg/L（备注：我院现医院病床张，污水/日，每周需加盐酸36L，次氯酸钠2kg)。
3、对处理后的污水抽取水样进行检测，每天两次，并将检测结果（余氯、PH值）作详细记录，每月定期上报卫生局。检测方法：在含5ml样品的比色管内滴加邻联氨甲苯胺溶液2-3滴，混匀，置暗处5min，与永久性余氯标准比色溶液比色测定。检测温度应控制在15-20℃，余氯过高会产生枯黄色，碱度过高或余氯很低时可能产生淡蓝绿色或淡蓝色，应多加1ml，1:2的盐酸或1ml邻联甲苯胺溶液，即可产生正常的淡黄色进行比色测定。PH值可用精密PH试纸进行监测。
4、每月院控感科抽样监测一次，每季度宝安区CDC、环保局抽样监测一次，并要求合格。
5、保持污水处理站的环境卫生，每日清洁，每周大扫除一次。
6、对自检、院检、上级部门的监督检测等过程中发现超标指数的，在及时上报主管院领导、科领导的同时，应积极采取措施，严格监督设备的运行情况、投放消毒药物的情况、污水池的清洁情况等并做到达标排放，如遇特殊情况及时报告上级监督部门并在专业人员的指导下及时整改。
7、遇到设备检修或其他原因需停止运行的，要及时向上级部门（市卫生局、市疾控中心）汇报备案，并加强对排出污水的监督检测。
8、发生意外事故，按照《医院环境、污水意外事件应急预案》条款执行。
控感科
深圳天伦医院
HP-50 二氧化氯发生器运行操作规程
一． 使用前的准备和检查：
1.使用前应检查的事项：
① 打开动力水阀门，将水压调至0.3MPa,检查水压是否正常。
② 检查设备各部件是否正常，有无泄漏。
③ 检查各阀门是否在正常开关位置。（此时进气口阀门开，盐酸罐吸气阀门关，设备
出料口阀门开）
④ 检查安全阀是否正常。（用手轻轻压实，不可重压）
2.使用前的准备：原料的配制与添加。
① 氯酸钠溶液的配制：将氯酸钠与水按1:2（重量比）比例混合，例如：1公斤氯酸钠
加2公斤水，搅拌至完全溶解即可，（冬季可用20℃—40℃的温水更利于溶解）② 氯酸钠溶液的添加：在水射器正常工作情况下，将氯酸钠抽料管（加滤网）放入氯
酸钠溶液中，打开吸料阀，关闭进气口阀门，设备即开始自动吸料，从原料罐液位管（窗）观察液位，当原料加满时，开启进气口阀门，关闭吸料阀。（注：产气量为500g/h以下时，可将过滤好的氯酸钠溶液直接加入原料罐内）
③ 盐酸的添加：在水射器正常工作情况下，将吸酸管插入盐酸桶中，再打开吸料口阀
门，关闭进气口阀门，设备开始自动吸酸，从原料罐液位管观察液位，当原料加满时，先打开进气口阀门，将抽酸管控干净后，再关闭吸料口阀门。
二． 设备运行
1.第一次开机时，打开安全阀注入800ml清水，通过加水口向反应浴室加满水直到液位4／5处，日常工作中应随时注意观察水位，严禁无水通电。（非加热型设备只需向胆内注800ml清水）
2.启动
1.打开温度自控开关，设备即开始自动加温控温，反应温度40℃，出厂前已调好，严禁提高反应温度。
打开动力水阀门，将水压调至0.3MPa（水射器正常工作水压为0.2—0.4MPa），使水射器正常工作，打开进料阀，调节流量调节阀，调到所需滴定速度，设备即可正常运行。这时，设备内应有鼓泡声。
3.滴料速度的调节
首次开机时的滴料速度，应参照滴料参数（型号：_______,流速：________）进行调整，然后根据水中余氯量的大小来修正。如果设备运行一段时间后，水中余氯较高，可以将流速调慢，如果余氯不够，可以加速流速。
4.关机
关闭动力水，水射器停止工作，设备即关机。
注意：如果要长时间停机，应提前0.5—1小时关闭进料阀，停止加料，使水射器将设备中的气体尽量抽完，以防滞后反应所产生的气体外溢，为避免剩余气体溢到室内，可将设备进气管接到室外通风处。
5.设备清洗：
设备主机备有排污口，可以进行清洗污垢。设备在拆迁或长期停用时，要进行清洗排污。清洗时，关闭进料阀，打开水射器，从进气口抽入清水，清水将反应室内的残液一同被水射器抽走，也可以打开安全阀往里注射清水进行清洗，当反应室液位管液体颜色变浅后，打开排污阀将残液排净，直到清洗干净为止。
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