《新东方四级30天90分》词汇学习笔记

第一篇：《新东方四级30天90分》词汇学习笔记

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四级考试简介

成绩90分以上需要背4200个单词

成绩70－80分需要背457个单词

单词的重考率极高，比如：available（四级最爱）constrain（六级永陪词汇）主考时态：容易成为答案的时态

1、过去完成时

2、将来完成时

3、完成进行时 课程安排：

1.摸底，讲单词2.时态，非谓语动词3.虚拟语气4.倒装，主谓一致5.从句6.综合串讲 长得像的选项有一个是答案

[P56-24]Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art;they want art they can participate in.A)conservative

B)content

C)confident

D)generous 注：押头韵去除D。

[P56-29]By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _______ opportunity to change his mind.A)accurate

B)urgent

C)excessive

D)adequate 注：押尾韵去除C。摸底[P56-Unit 17] 21.As we can no longer wait for the delivery of our order, we have to _______it.A)postpone

B)refuse

C)delay

D)cancel 注：postpone 推迟 refuse 拒绝

delay 推迟，拖延

cancel 取消

22.These books, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you _______ you need.A)all the information

B)all the informationsC)all of information D)all of the informations 注：1.information 不可数名词 2.all of 表示of 中的全部，所以后面名词一定要有明确的范围，必须加以限定。而all 没有这个要求。

23.Not until the game had begun _______ at the sports ground.A)had he arrived

B)would he have arrived C)did he arrive

D)should he have arrived 注：1.not until 句型

2.过去完成时与一般过去时成对使用

24.Young people are not _______ to stand and look at works of art;they want art they can participate in.A)conservative B)content

C)confident D)generous

注：conservative 保守的 content 满足；内容

confident 自信的generous 慷慨的

25.Most broadcasters maintain that TV has been unfairly criticized and argue that the power of the medium is _______.A)granted

B)implied

C)exaggerated D)remedied 注：exaggerated

夸大的

26.These surveys indicate that many crimes go _______ by the police, mainly because not all victims report them.A)unrecorded B)to be unrecorded C)unrecording D)to have been unrecorded 27.I have no objection _______ your story again.A)to hear

B)to hearing

C)to having heard

D)to have heard 注：object to doing 反对。其中 to为介词。动词跟介词，则相应的名词形式也跟介词 28.The clothes a person wears may express his _______ or social position.A)curiosity

B)status

C)determination D)significance 注：status 地位，身份

29.By law, when one makes a large purchase, he should have _______ opportunity to change his mind.A)accurate

B)urgent

C)excessive

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注：adequate 足够的

30.You will see this product _______ wherever you go.A)to be advertised

B)advertised

C)advertise

D)advertising 31.The early pioneers had to _______ many hardships to settle on the new land.A)go along with

B)go back on C)go through D)go into 注：1.go through 经历困难而完成congratulation（对新郎）best wishes（对新娘）2.go along with 陪伴

3.go back on 违背，背弃

4.go into 谈论，谈及

32.The suggestion that the mayor _______ they prizes was accepted by everyone.A)would present

B)present

C)presents D)ought to present注：should 省略虚拟

33.Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers, _______ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.A)whose

B)which

C)that

D)what 34.Peter, who had been driving all day, suggested _______ at the next town.A)to stop

B)stopping

C)stop

D)having stopped注：suggest doing 建议做...35.I didn't know the word.I had to _______ a dictionary.A)look out

B)make out

C)refer to

D)go over注：refer to 查字典

36.The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his arguments in favour of the new theory.A)to be based on

B)to base on

C)which to base on D)on which to base 注：on which to do

介词+which+to do 结构相当于定语从句

37.There are signs _______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A)that

B)which

C)in which

D)whose 注：同位语从句

38.I think I was at school, _______ I was staying with a friend during the vacation when I heard the news.A)or else B)and then

C)or so

D)even so 注：or else 否则要不然 39.It is said that the math teacher seems _______ towards bright students.A)partial

B)beneficial

C)preferable

D)liable注：partial 偏袒的

40.In order to show his boss what a careful worker he was, he took _______ trouble over the figures.A)extensive

B)spare

C)extra

D)supreme注：extra 额外的 41.--“May I speak to your manager Mr.Williams at five o'clock tonight?”

--“I'm sorry.M.Williams _______ to a conference long before then.” A)will have gone

B)had gone

C)would have gone

D)has gone 注：主考时态：将来完成时，过去完成时

42.You _______ him so closely;you should have kept your distance.A)shouldn't follow

B)mustn't follow C)couldn't have been following

D)shouldn't have been following 注：本不应该

43.The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _______ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.A)have allowed B)allow

C)allowing

D)allows 注：主谓一致，复杂主语中心词是growth，谓语动词用单数。

44.Everybody _______ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.A)assembled B)accumulated

C)piled

D)joined 注：assemble（人群的）聚集

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45.Putting in a new window will _______ cutting away part of the roof.A)include

B)involve C)containD)comprise注：involve doing = need doing 需要

46.Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _______ obtaining fresh water is not the least.A)with which B)for which

C)of whichD)which注：of which 其中

47.In the _______ of the project not being a success, the investors stand to lose up to $30 million.A)face

B)time C)even

tD)course 注：in the event of 万一 48.The manager would rather his daughter _______ in the same office.A)had not worked B)not to work

C)does not work D)did not work 注：would rather 加一般过去时表示虚拟。

49._______, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.A)Although much he likes her

B)Much although he likes her C)As he likes her much

D)Much as he likes her 50.The British constitution is _______ a large extent a product of the historical events described above.A)within

B)to C)by

D)at 单词记忆举例：

Ivy 常春藤 gazelle 瞪羚vigor

精力naive

天真的quaint

古怪的acquaint 使熟悉 背单词的方法： 谐音联想记忆法：

ambition 野心

ambitious野心勃勃的 ponderous沉重的，笨重的sneer嘲笑,讥笑 exhaust 使精疲力尽

nuisance 讨厌的人 bruise 瘀伤brutal 残忍的curse 诅咒

2、近形对照法：

adapt 适应；adopt 采纳；收养adept 有技巧的；熟练的

coast 海岸线（ocean 海洋）;roast 烧，烤;boast 吹嘘;toast 干杯 形象联想法：

look 看；loom 若隐若现；liberty 自由；blush 脸红；amorous 好色的；morose 郁闷的；mortal 必死的；mental 智力的，精神的

记忆类型：

1、视觉型：不断的重复

2、听觉型：自己录自己的讲解，不断的听

3、混合型：记情节，细节

爱情三部曲I：apply 申请

approve 批准

appreciate 感激

attention 注意attract 吸引

arrange 安排

appointment 约会

[P52-42]Niagara Falls is a great tourist ______, drawing millions of visitors every year.A)attention

B)attraction

C)appointment

D)arrangement 注：tourist attraction 旅游胜地

[P52-70]Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply ______.A)appreciated

B)approved

C)appealed

D)applied 注：appeal 上诉

subject to 屈从于，使服从

summit 峰会 高频成为答案词汇： 爱情三部曲

apply 申请

approve 批准

appreciate 感激

attention 注意

attract 吸引 arrange 安排

appointment 约会

engagement 约会

in that = because

now that = since

regardless of 不管，不顾 in terms of 根据 object to 反对（to为介词）

bargain v.讨价还价；n.便宜货

pace 节奏 available 可获得的，可得到的（Are you available? 你是否有时间？）

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[P1-42]There were no tickets ______ for Friday‟s performance.A)preferable B)considerable

C)possible

D)available 注：1.preferable 喜欢的，更好的2.considerable 相当多的，大量的； considerate 体贴的，体谅的，考虑周到的

[P3-62]______ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A)For now

B)Now that C)Ever since

D)By now [P5-48]The match was cancelled because most of the members ______ a match without a standard court.A)objected to having B)were objected to have C)objected to have D)were objected to having 注：objected to doing [P6-56]Many people complain of the rapid ______ of modern life.A)rate B)speed

C)pace

D)growth [P13-58]Liquids are like solids ______ they have a definite volume.A)with that

B)for that

C)in that

D)at that [P15-34]Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, ____ the color of his skin.A)regardless of

B)in the light of

C)by virtue of

D)with the exception of 注：1.in the light of 根据

2.by virtue of 借助于，依靠，由于 3.with the exception of 除了

[P17-57]______ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.A)For

B)Since

C)Now

D)Despite [P23-59]He decided to make further improvements on the computer‟s design _________ the light of the requirements of customers.A)an

B)for

C)in

D)with [P27-43]It is quite necessary for a qualified teacher to have good manners and _________ knowledge.A)extensive B)expansive C)intensive D)expensive 注：通过押头韵排除C，通过押尾韵排除B 重要的词性：

1、动词和名词：名词是动作的发出者或承受者。

2、形容词和名词：形容词修饰名词。

I love a beautiful girl.3、副词：副词修饰形容词；副词修饰动词；副词修饰副词。

I love a very beautiful girl.I always love a very beautiful girl.Not surprisingly, I always love a very beautiful girl.猪八戒的五大特征： 1.vigorous 精力充沛的 2.glimpse 一瞥

love at the first glimpse 一见钟情

view 风景（不可数）a room with view《看得见风景的房间》；视野 come into view 走进视野

glance 一瞥

gaze 凝视，尤指感兴趣的看（gazelle 瞪羚）

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peep 偷窥

3.considerate 体贴的；

considerable 相当多的，大量的； 4.consistent 一致的，和谐的； 5.be liable for 对……负责

动词：谓语动词有且只有一个。如果再出现动词只能以非谓语形式存在：-ing,-ed, to do

To get a high score, we have to study hard.I came in, followed by two dogs.Seeing is believing.口诀：

谓语非谓经常混

谓语句中就一个

其余动词非谓语

非谓形式有三种

-ing,-ed 和to do

现在分词表主动

过去分词表被动

目的要用不定式

主宾要用动名词

一、谓语动词常考点：时态、语态、情态、倒装、主谓一致

二、谓语动词的时态（共有16 种）：

时间：过去、现在、将来、过将（虚拟）

状态：一般、进行、完成、完成进行 三、四级考试中主要考的三个时态：过去完成时、将来完成时、完成进行时

1、过去完成时：到过去某个点为止所完成的动作；在过去发生了两个动作，先过去完成时后一般过去时。

过去完成时与一般过去时常常成对出现。

[P2-53]We _________ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.A)just have had

B)have just had

C)just had

D)had just had [P28-25]Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949, it _________ necessary for all planes to land for refueling.A)would be B)has been

C)had been

D)would have been 注：时态题，A和D是虚拟语气，应排除。过去完成时所以选C。

A thief who broke into a church was caught because traces of wax, found on his clothes, _______ from the sort of candles used only in churches.A)had come

B)coming

C)come

D)that came 注：1.because 从句缺谓语

2.两个逗号中间的found on his clothes 是插入成分

William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, _______ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.A)peculiarly

B)indifferently

C)vigorously

D)inevitably 注：1.peculiarly 奇怪地

2.indifferently 冷漠地

3.inevitably 不可避免地

Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _______ in the marker.A)batteries

B)bargains

C)baskets

D)barrels [P56-23]Not until the game had begun_______ at the sports ground.A)had he arrived

B)would he have arrived

C)did he arrive

D)should he have arrived 注：Not until 连词，标明从句。主句倒装，从句不倒装。

Not until the vacation had begun did I pay tuition.Not until I had met Lily did I realize the importance of English.声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。

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Not until I had met Lily did I realize that learning English is so easy.2、将来完成时：到将来某个点为止所完成的动作。

We'll have learned 3000 words by the end of this year.by then 到那个时候

[P8-45]By the end of this month, we surely _________ a satisfactory solution to the problem.A)have found B)will be finding C)will have found D)are finding [P8-49]Not _________, the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture.A)obviously B)surprisingly C)particularly D)normally [P26-39] It‟s reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory _________ by about 10%.A)will have risen

B)has risen

C)will be rising D)has been rising 注：rise to 上升到

rise by 上升了

[P54-55]Between 1974 and 1997，the number of overseas visitors expanded ______ 27%.A)by

B)for

C)to

D)in [P54-54]It is our ______ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.A)consistent B)continuous C)considerate

D)continual 注：continuous 连续不断的considerate 体贴的 continual 时断时续的，断断续续的

[P54-56]Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful ______ it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes are behaviors.A)by which

B)to which

C)in that

D)so that

注：in that 因为 [P26-34]We gave out a cheer when the red roof of the cottage came _________ view.A)from

B)in

C)before

D)into [P25-29]Although I like the appearance of the house, what really made me decide to buy it was the beautiful _________ through the window.A)vision

B)look

C)picture

D)view [P24-66]I have no objection _________ the evening with them.A)to spend

B)to spending

C)of spending

D)spending [P43-47]My train arrives in New York at eight o‟clock tonight.The plane I would like to take from there _________ by then.A)would leave

B)will have left

C)has left

D)had left 注：时间状语从句，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。

[P43-51]All flights _________ because of the snowstorm, many passengers could do nothing but take the train.A)had been canceled

B)have been canceled

C)were canceled

D)having been canceled 注：because of 介词，此句为单句，谓语动词有一个，所以选非谓语动词。独立主格 [P43-53]Remember that customers don‟t _________ about prices in that city.A)debate

B)consult

C)dispute

D)bargain

注：1.bargain 讨价还价

2.debate 辩论，争论 3.consult 咨询4.dispute 辩论,争吵 dispute over [P45-42]By the end of the year all but two people _________.A)have left

B)will leave

C)will be leaving

D)will have left [P45-70]Our journey was slow because the train stopped _________ at different villages.A)unceasingly B)gradually

C)continuously

D)continually 注：1.journey 旅行2.unceasingly 不停地，连续不断地3.gradually 逐渐地

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4.continuously 连续不断地 5.continually 时断时续地，断断续续地

[P44-58]These two areas are similar _________ they both have a high rainfall during this season.A)to that

B)besides that

C)in that

D)except that [P66-41]By the time you get to New York, I ______ for London.A)would be leaving

B)am leaving C)have already left

D)shall have left [P63-31]By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ______ here for two days.A)will have stayed

B)shall stay C)have been staying

D)have stayed

3、完成进行时：更加强调时间性。

现在完成进行时为例：They have been standing there for 3 days.[P16-45]It seems oil _________ from this pipe for some time.We‟ll have to take the machine apart to put it right.A)had leaked

B)has been leaking

C)leaked

D)is leaking 非谓语动词三大类：分词、动名词、不定式 分词常考题型：做状语、做定语 分词作状语形式：，主谓宾

不管谓语和宾语，只看主语能不能做这件事。分词作状语题型，不定式不是答案。

永远不是答案的形式：having +v-ed, been+ v-ed, be+ v-ed 过去分词强调被动状态，现在分词强调主动进行。例：_____, I am listening to the music.Standing by Mr.LiuB)Stood by Mr.Liu 注：看主语能不能发出这个动作，还是动作的承受者来选择是-ing还是-ed [P11-43] No matter how frequently ___, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.A)performed

B)performing

C)to be performed

D)being performed 注：“空格+逗号+主谓宾”表示分词作状语。

现在分词的常见形式：

1.一般式：v-ing 与谓语动词同步发生。2.being+ v-ed 表示正在被做。

3.having +ed 表示动作发生谓语动词之前。（在四级考试中不是正确答案）Having destroyed their house, they lived in a cave [P29-22] ___ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of the earth.A)Having believed

B)Believing

C)Believed

D)Being believed 注：分词作状语题型。

[P57-68] ___ in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing.A)To look at

B)Looking at

C)Looked at

D)To be looked at 注：分词作状语题型，A和D选项首先排除，situation和look是被动关系，所以选C [P57-69] A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen.They are a thorough ______.A)nuisance

B)trouble

C)worry

D)anxiety 注：nuisance 讨厌的人 单词记忆：

exhaust 使精疲力尽

sting 蜇，咬

bruise 瘀伤 black and blue 青一块，紫一块，遍体鳞伤的

brutal 残忍的 kagroo 袋鼠

cougar 美洲狮

ignore 忽视

ignorant 无知的

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ignorance 无知

ambition 雄心，野心

sneer 轻视，蔑视 独立主格结构：

1、名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词

2、在句中作状语

3、分词的一种，也有分词的几种事时态

4、with/ without复合结构

P41-49] All things _________, the planned trip will have to be called off.A)considered

B)be considered

C)considering

D)having considered 注：分词题型中 having +ed 都不要考虑

P6-58]The speaker, _________ for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.A)having known

B)being known

C)knowing

D)known 注：having + v-ed做定语和状语都不会是答案

[P22-44]Homework _________ on time will lead to better grades.A)done

B)be done

C)having done

D)to have been done [P22-45]The speech _________, a lively discussion started.A)being delivered

B)was delivered

C)be delivered

D)having been delivered 注：1.考的是过去式独立主格结构。

2.按时间顺序，先讲座后讨论，所以选D。

[P37-36]As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town _____ 50 households or more.A)having

B)to have

C)to have had

D)having had [P44-48]The speech which he made _____ the project has bothered me greatly.A)being concerned

B)concerned

C)be concerned

D)concerning 注：1.which he made定语从句本身不是划线的内容的话，可以将其去掉不考虑。

2.concerning 为介词，关于。相当于 about/ over（国外常用）； concerning/ as to（国内考试用）。

3.bother 打扰；brother 兄弟

fiend 魔鬼；friend 朋友 动名词：动作性的名词

1、是名词，可作主语和宾语。

2、两种形式：-ing 形式表示主动Seeing is believing；being + v-ed 表被动 being exposed to。

3、前面可有动作的发出者，即带主语（宾格/所有格）I remember him offering.4、后面可有动作的承受者，即带宾词 Starving troops is necessary.5、动名词作主语时谓语动词一定要用单数。

6、动名词的否定前面直接加not。

口诀：动名词功能多

能做主能做宾

主动形式-ing

被动形式being done

可带宾可加主

主为宾格所有格 [P8-44] After _________ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A)being interviewed

B)interviewed

C)interviewing

D)having interviewed 注：介词后缺宾语，应为被动形式。[P44-45] _________ in an atmosphere of simple living was what her parents wished for.声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。

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A)The girl was educated

B)The girl educated C)The girl‟s being educated

D)The girl to be educated 需要接动名词的动词：

COMPARE: consider

object to

mind

prevent/

permit avoid

risk enjoy MISTAKE: miss imagine

suggest

tolerate

appreciate keep escape [P5-49]The teacher doesn‟t permit _________ in class.A)smoke

B)to smoke

C)smoking

D)to have a smoke [P5-51]I appreciate _________ to your home.A)to be invited

B)to have invited

C)having invited

D)being invited [P8-41] Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy _______ for her examination.A)to prepare

B)to be prepared

C)preparing

D)being prepared 注：be busy doing [P11-42]Mark often attempts to escape _______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A)having been fined

B)to have been fined

C)being fined

D)to be fined [P11-41]I would appreciate ______ it a secret.A)you to keep

B)your keeping

C)that you keep

D)that you will keep [P18-58]The man in the corner confessed to _________ a lie to the manager of the company.A)have told

B)having told

C)being told

D)be told

注：1.to 在这里是介词。（having+v-ed唯一正确的一次）

2.to 作介词的词组：object to, look forward to 等 [P19-48] It‟s no use _________me not to worry.A)you tell B)your telling

C)for you to have told

D)having told 注：固定句型 It's no use doing.做什么事情是没有用的

[P20-55]They are considering _________before the prices go up.A)of buying the house

B)with buying the house C)buying the house D)to buy the house [P20-59]He went ahead _________ all warnings about the danger of his mission.A)in case of B)because of

C)regardless of

D)prior to 注: 1.go ahead 继续

2.mission 任务 [P20-65] None of the servants were _________ when Mr.smith wanted to send a message.A)available B)approachable C)attainable D)applicable 不定式的常考形式：作定语，作状语

1、作状语表目的 To become a teacher, you must have a master degree.2、定语表示将要做，分词作定语表示已完成。the surface to be glued（即将被粘好的）/ the surface glued（已经被粘好的）

3、不定式的省略，如 help，使役动词 have，感观动词 see。

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口诀：一个感觉 feel

两个听 hear/ listen to

三个让 have/ make/ get/ let（听力中）

四个看 notice/ watch/ observe/ see

半个 help 两均可

被动以后 to 还原

[P19-53]My sister‟s professor had her _________ her paper many times before allowing her to present it to the committee.A)rewritten

B)to rewrite

C)rewrite

D)rewriting 注：have sb.do sth.让某人做某事 [P20-54] Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _________ it closely.A)followed

B)following

C)to follow

D)being followed 注：1.独立主格结构

2.两个名词之间用-ing形式

3.自然现象用主动形式

[P28-42]Don‟t get your schedule _________;stay with us in this class.A)to change

B)changing

C)changed

D)change [P38-44]They are going to have the technician _________ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A)install

B)to install

C)to be installed

D)installed 注：1.主动才能带宾语，have sb.do sth.结构。

2.technician 技术工人

[P50-67]In Australia the Asians make their influence _________ in businesses large and small.A)felling

B)feel

C)felt

D)to be felt [P50-42]I'm very sorry to have _______ you with so many questions on such an occasion.A)interfered

B)offended C)impressed

D)bothered 注：1.interfer 干涉，干扰 2.offend 冒犯 3.impress 印象；express 表达 4.bother 打扰 [P51-46]I have heard both teachers and students _______ well of him.A)to speak

B)spoken

C)to have spoken

D)speak [P51-52]William Penn, the founder of Pennsylvania, _______ defended the right of every citizen to freedom of choice in religion.A)peculiarly

B)indifferently

C)vigorously

D)inevitably 注: peculiarly 奇特的

[P58-30]You will see this product _______ wherever you go.A)to be advertised B)advertised

C)advertise

D)advertising [P63-16]They noticed a crowd of people in front of the Madeleine _____.A)shouting and cheering

B)to shout and cheer C)to be shouting and cheering

D)being shouted and cheered [P2-55]The children went there to watch the iron tower _______ A)to erect

B)be erected

C)erecting

D)being erected 加不定式与doing含义不一样的动词

FROGS:forget

remember/ regret

go on

stop + doing 表示已做的事情

+ to do 表示没做的事情 [P10-62]I remember ______ to help us if we ever got into trouble.声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。

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A)once offering

B)him once offering

C)him to offer

D)to offer him [P27-40]If I had remembered ______ the window, the thief would not have got in.A)to close

B)closing

C)to have closed

D)having closed 应该类的虚拟语气

1、应该做的事情 I should go!

2、非现实情况的描述 I should be working now!

3、懊悔不已的事情 I should have practiced more.4、要求类动词后需要用虚拟语气，should 可以省略

如：require 命令；request 要求；reticent 沉默的；retinue 随从 innocent 无辜的；天真的 I DROP CAPS:

insist，demmand/ desire

require/ request order

propose command

advice

prefer s uggest [P60-42]You _______ him so closely;you should have kept your distance.A)shouldn't follow B)mustn't followC)couldn't have been followingD)shouldn't have been following [P59-32]The suggestion that the mayor _______ they prizes was accepted by everyone.A)would present

B)present

C)presents

D)ought to present 注：suggest + that 虚拟语气表建议should 可以省略suggest doing suggest 表明，不接虚拟 [P49-65]The manager of the hotel requests that their guests _________ after 11:00p.m.A)not to play loud music

B)shouldn‟t play loud music C)don‟t play loud music

D)couldn‟t play loud music [P18-43]He suggested _________ to tomorrow‟s exhibition together.A)us to go

B)we went

C)we shall go

D)we go [P17-55]I don‟t think it advisable that Tim _________ to the job since he has no experience.A)be assignedB)will be assignedC)is assignedD)has been assigned [P12-44]It is recommended that the project _________ until all the preparations have been made.A)not be started B)will not be started

C)is not started

D)is not to be started [P26-28]It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _________ after 11 o‟clock at night.A)were not playedB)not to playC)not be playedD)did not play It is + adj.+ that 句型，should 可以省略的虚拟。

adj.important necessary essential incredible strange

naturalpity ashame

no wander 与事实相反类的虚拟

1、与现在事实相反：用一般过去时（系动词用were）I wish I were not here.2、与过去事实相反：用过去完成时 I wish I had passed CET-4.I wish I could have passed CET-4.(非正式表达方式）

[P56-58]Sometimes I wish I ______ in a different time and a different place.A)be living

B)were living

C)would live

D)would have lived [P56-56]Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful

it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes are behaviors.A)by which

B)to which

C)in that

D)so that [P56-57]He is ______ about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year.A)optimistic

B)optional

C)outstanding

D)obvious 注：1.optimistic 乐观的2.optional 可选择的3.outstanding 突出的声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。

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[P56-64]It is essential that these application forms ______ back as early as possible.A)must be sent B)will be sent C)are sent D)be sent注：It is + adj.+that 句型。[P11-70]Look at the terrible situation I am in!If only I _________ your advice.A)follow B)had followed

C)would follow

D)have followed 注：表示与过去事实相反。

[P12-45]I wish I _________ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A)have slept

B)slept C)might have slept

D)could have slept 注：表示与过去事实相反。

3、对将来事实可能出现的现象的否定推测，用虚拟语气。

I wish you couldn't smoke any more.would/ could/ should/ might + v.用be to 表示将来，虚拟语气中经常出现were to do（考点）

I am to go shopping.---I were to go shopping.If only I were to go shopping.[P35-47]If only the committee _______ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.A)approve

B)will approve

C)can approve

D)would approve 虚拟条件句

定义：在一个与事实相反的条件的基础之上所得出的应该的亦或是可能的结论。虚拟条件句的结构：与事实相反类（条件）＋ 应该类（结论）

这两个部分没有必然而直接的联系，在解题时先看结论再看条件。If Mr.Wang hadn't cultivated me, I shouldn't be working now.同义词辨析：tame 驯化

breed 繁殖

raise 抚养

cultivate 培养 结论部分：would/ could/ should/ might + 虚拟

规律：如果把空格划在条件部分，一定要选择 were to；

如果把空格划在结论部分，有could/ would/ should/ might +have +v.-ed 为正确答案。

有时一些介词也可以表示条件：In your position I would kill myself.= If I were in your position...此类词有：otherwise/ but for/ without/ with 虚拟语气中 If 可以省略，但是句序要变，If I were you...改为Were I you...[P34-34]________ before we depart the day after tomorrow, we should have a wonderful dinner party.A)Had they arrivedB)Would they arriveC)Were they arrivingD)Were they to arrive [P34-33]Last year the advertising rate ________ by 20 percent.A)raised

B)aroused

C)arose

D)rose [P16-42] Had he worked harder, he _________ the exams.A)must have got throughB)could get through C)would get throughD)would have got through 注：条件部分省略了if 用了倒装。

[P28-44]Jean doesn‟t want to work right away because she thinks that if she _________ a job she probably wouldn‟t be able to see her friends very often.A)has to ge

tB)were to get

C)had got

D)could have got [P31-42]_________ right now, she would get there on Sunday.A)Would she leave

B)If she leaves

C)Were she to leave

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[P12-46]We didn‟t know his telephone number, otherwise we _________ him.A)had telephoned B)must have telephoned C)would telephon D)would have telephoned [P12-52]_____ quite recently, most mothers in Britain did not take paid work outside the home.A)Until

B)Before

C)From

D)Since 注：not...until...的句型。

[P13-58]Liquids are like solids _________ they have a definite volume.A)with that

B)for that

C)in that

D)at that [P2-51]He must have had an accident, or he _________ then.A)would have been here

B)had to be here C)should be here

D)would be here 注：1.must have done 表示对过去事实的肯定推测

2.or 表否定

[P2-52]It was essential that the application forms _____ back before the deadline.A)must be sent B)would be sent C)be sent

D)were sent [P3-62]_____ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work..A)For now

B)Now that

C)Ever sine

D)By now 注：1.for now 眼下，目前 2.now that 既然 3.ever since 自从以来 4.by now 至今为止 特殊句型：

1.would rather 加宾从时用一般过去时表示虚拟。

I would rather you didn't appear in my life.联想单词记忆: Cupid 丘比特

Venus 维纳斯；金星

volcano 火山

Mars 战神

Apollo 阿波罗，太阳神 Diana 月亮女神

meander 蜿蜒而流

laurel 月桂树，桂冠 cupidity 贪婪

avenue 林荫大 revenue 收入，税入 adamant 坚强的 Adam's apple 喉结

2.would rather 加动词（原形）时表示宁愿，相当于情态动词。

I would rather stay here.3.would rather 与 than 搭配。

I would rather stay here than go home.4.It is time...句型，用一般过去时表虚拟语气。

It is time you picked up a girl.[P45-57]“You are very selfish.It‟s high time you _________ that you are not the most important person in the world, ” Edgar said to his boss angrily.A)realized

B)have realized

C)realize

D)should realize [P45-58]These two areas are similar _________ they both have a high rainfall during this season.A)to that

B)besides that

C)in that

D)except that [P45-60]If I hadn‟t stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _________ now.A)wouldn‟t be smiling

B)couldn‟t have smiled

C)won‟t smile

D)didn‟t smile 注：混合虚拟语气

首先判断是否是虚拟语气；如果是虚拟语气的话，见到now就是混合虚拟语气 [P41-48]I‟d rather you _______ make any comment on the issue for the time being.A)don‟t

B)wouldn„t

C)didn‟t

D)shouldn‟t

[P41-53]If she doesn‟t tell him the truth now, he‟ll simply keep on asking her until she _____.A)does

B)has done

C)will do

D)would do 注：在条件句中在时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。

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[P39-59]You don‟t have to be in such a hurry, I would rather you _______ on business first.A)would go

B)will go

C)went

D)have gone [P31-43]It‟s already 5 o‟clock now.Don‟t you think it‟s about time ________?

A)we are going home B)we go home

C)we went home

D)we can go home [P24-61]To be frank, I‟d rather you ________ in the case.A)will not be involved

B)not involved

C)not to be involved

D)were not involved [P24-66] I have no objection ________ the evening with them.A)to spend

B)to spending

C)of spending

D)spending [P14-70]It took him several months to ______ the wild horse.A)tendB)

cultivate

C)tame

D)breed 注：tend to 打算做某事

tend 照料

bar tender 调酒师 bargain 讨价还价，便宜货(some bargains)

bar 酒吧，棍子 embarrass 尴尬

ass 屁股，驴子，笨蛋

donkey 驴

barbarian 野蛮人

barren 贫瘠的assassin 暗杀者

[P14-69]A completely new situation will _______ when the examination system comes into existence.A)rise

B)arise

C)raise

D)arous 爱情三步曲II：

今天又是一个Friday，俺无事可做idleness，人也很lazy，班长inform（通知）我，说今晚有个party，一想到晚会上会assemble（无数）lady，心里感到阵阵(burst)happy，今晚上帝对俺特别的mercy（仁慈），在墙角居然坐着个fairy（仙女），lonely（孤单的）的眼神，迷人的appearance（外表），给俺留下很深的impression（印象），俺决定把握住这次opportunity（机会），【Opportunity knocks only once.】

于是上前说：Hi, baby!她看也不看就说busy，眼神中透露出indifferently（冷漠），于是俺说：俺多少也算是个celebrity（名人），这一招果然effective（有效），她抬起眼看了看说really? 于是我摆了个pose说：你看我像不像Snoopy? 她说：切！那我就是lovely kitty。笑容也变得sunny（阳光的），就这样我认识了我的honey，这个故事听起来像fantasy（幻想，白日梦）一致关系： 结构一致

平行并列结构是由平行结构的连接词连接两个或两个以上对等的对象构成的。SOFTEN 原则：Smile, Open，Forward，Touch，Eye contact，Nod平行结构标志词 FANOYERMB：for, and, as well as, not...but, not only...but also, neither...nor, other than, yet, either...or, rather than, more than, but I have nothing to do but call the police.平行结构的原则：形式对称

[P5-50]I like watching TV _________ to the cinema.A)more than to go

B)than going

C)more than going

D)rather than to go [P5-51]I appreciate _________ to your home.A)to be invited

B)to have invited

C)having invited

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[P5-48]The match was cancelled because most of the members _________ a match without a standard court.A)objected to having B)were objected to haveC)objected to haveD)were objected to having [P8-47]Having no money but _______ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.A)not to want anyoneB)not wanting anyoneC)wanted no oneD)to want no one [P8-46]Mr.Wilson said that he did not want to _______ any further responsibilities.A)take on

B)get on C)put up

D)look up 注：1.take on 承担；流行

2.get on 上车

g et into 钻进车里

3.put up 建立

[P8-41]Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ______ for her examination.A)to prepare B)to be prepared

C)preparing

D)being prepared [P9-48]We desire that the tour leader _______ us immediately of any change in plans.A)inform B)informs

C)informed

D)has informed [P9-55]In the course of a day students do far more than just _______ classes.A)attend B)attended C)to attend

D)attending [P9-53]Nuclear science should be developed to benefit the people _________ harm them.A)more than B)other than

C)rather than

D)better than 注：1.rather than 而不是2.more than 胜过

3.better than 比……好 [P23-54]Not that John doesn‟t want to help you, _______ it‟s beyond his power.A)but that

B)for that

C)and that

D)in that 注：1.考的是not...but...平行结构。2.beyond 超越

beyond one's imagination 超乎想象 [P25-67]Realizing that he hadn‟t enough money and _______ to borrow from his father, he decided to sell his watch.A)not wanted

B)not to want

C)not wanting

D)wanting not 代词指代一致：

one...another...one...the other...some...others...one...the others...any 任何（共性）

each 每个（个性）

[P19-44]No agreement was reached in the discussion as neither side would give way to _____.A)the other B)any other C)another rD)other 注：neither 两者都不 P19-49] I have two boys but _______ of them likes sweets.A)both B)neither

C)either

D)none 注：common sense 常识

nonsense 胡说，谦虚地说

[P1-45____student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A)Each

B)Any

C)Either

D)One [P1-42]There were no tickets _________for Friday‟s performance.A)preferable B)considerable

C)possible

D)available 注：1.preferable 更好的，更可取的具有比较意义的形容词要求和 to 来搭配，如 superior, senior, junior, inferior, A is sencond only to B

2.considerable 相当多的，大量的

[P15-31]The medicine is on sale everywhere.You can get it at ________ chemist‟s.A)each

B)some C)any

D)certain [P15-34] Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to, _________ the color of his skin.A)regardless of

B)in the light of

C)by virtue of

D)with the exception of

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注：1.in the light of 根据

2.by virtue of 借助，由于

3.with the exception of 除了，相当于 other than [P31-39]All the students in this class passed the English exam _________ the exception of Li Ming.A)on

B)in

C)for

D)with P31-40]Young adults _________ older people are more likely to prefer pop songs.A)other than

B)more than

C)less than

D)rather than 注：rather than 而不是

[P4-41]We had a party last month, and it was a lot of fun, so let‟s have ________ one this month.A)another

rB)more

C)the other

D)other [P4-68] A new technique ________, the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.A)working out B)having worked out C)having been worked outD)to have been worked out 注：非谓语动词题型，句首出现名词为独立主格结构。定语从句引导词：关系代词

1.which 指物，who 指人，人物混用/前面有不定代词/序数词/最高级时用that。2.which 用在非限制定语从句（有逗号），如：

He always changed his mind, which makes me angry.3.as 也可以引导非限制定语从句。

as与which 的区别：

1)which只能用在句子中间和后边，而as可用在句首和句尾。

As makes me angry, he always changed his mind.2)as 搭配：same as/ such as

the same watch as you have [P1-43]It wasn‟t such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.A)that

B)which

C)as

D)what [P11-67]___ is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer.A)That

B)Which

C)As

D)It [P42-58]The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things, _______ is often the case in other countries.A)as

B)what

C)so

D)that [P63-17]We had to sleep in our wet clothes, _____ was most uncomfortable.A)in which

B)which

C)where

D)that [P3-60]The goals _______ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A)after which

B)for which

C)with which

D)at which 注：1.fight for 为……而奋斗

2.fight with 与谁打架 [P3-56]The engine _______ smoke and steam.A)gives up

B)gives in

C)gives away

D)gives off 注：1.gives up 放弃

2.gives in 屈服

3.gives away 走漏风声，赠送

4.gives off 释放 [P3-57] The manager promised to keep me ________ of how our business was going on.A)to be informed

B)on informing

C)informed

D)informing [P42-62]We need a chairman _________.A)for whom everyone has confidence

B)in whom everyone has confidence C)who everyone has confidence of

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注：have confidence in 对……有信心 [P60-46] Living in the western part of the country has its problems, _______ obtaining fresh water is not the least.A)with which

B)for which

C)of which

D)which 注：

1.of which 其中

2.On the one hand, On the other hand, Last but not least（最重要的）

3.face something = be faced with

4.依照原句型造句：

Learning English has its problems, of which reciting words is not the least.Students will face a lot of problems, of which improving yourself is not the least [P64-24]This is a subject about _____ we might argue for a long while.A)that

B)it

C)which

D)what 注：作为介词宾语用which不能用that，但in that 除外 介词 + which + to do 其功能相当于定语从句。The key with which to open the door has been lost.[P59-36] The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds _______ his arguments in favour of the new theory.A)to be based on

B)to base on

C)which to base on

D)on which to base 注： fici-做

sufficient 足够的 deficient 缺乏的 efficient 有效的（效率）

effect 有效（结果）proficient 熟练的 bene-好

beneficial 有益benediction 祝福

[P12-50]You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from _________ to suspend your tent.A)there

B)them

C)where

D)which [P13-59] When a fire ________ at the National Exhibition in London, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.A)broke off

B)broke down

C)broke out

D)broke up 注：1.break off 断裂（部分从整体上下来）

2.break up 打碎

3.break out 爆发 主谓一致

从句/ 不定式/ 动名词做主语，谓语是单数。

Seeing is believing./ To see is to believe.眼见为实。You got 100 is a mystery to me.从句在句子中做什么功能即为什么从句。

1、主语从句：

（1）主语从句做主语，谓语动词单数。

（2）主语从句的引导词：how, why, whether, that,what（引导的缺主语或缺宾语的从句）[P7-69]How close parents are to their children _________ a strong influence on the character of the children.A)have

B)has C)having

D)to have [P13-55] In some countries, _________ is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.A)which B)one

C)that

D)what

2、定语从句主谓一致：取决于其先行词（定语从句所修饰的名词）

3、随前一致：以前面的名词为准。

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A with B 取决于A

as well as

including

with

together with accompanied by

4、随后一致：not A but B/ not only A but also B+ v.与B一致

5、就近原则：以靠近的名词为准。n1 or n2 +v.either n1 or n2 +v.6、A and B 结构：

（1）A and B 指同一个东西，是单数。

a lawyer and teacher

law and order 法律法规

war and peace 战争与和平

bread and butter 基本生活必须品

butterfly 蝴蝶

To love and to be loved 爱与被爱

2）A and B 所指不同，是复数。

a lawyer and a teacher

air and water

7、时间/距离/长度/重量做主语，谓语动词单数。

Time is money.时间就是金钱。

8、百分比结构：取决于后面的名词。

of+n.+v.（由of后的n.决定）

one+persent

majority

minority

9、many a +n./ more than one +n./ a n.or two/ every n1.and n2.谓语动词都是单数。

10、The+adj.表示一类人，谓语动词用复数。The rich are always ridiculous.[P42-63]Over a third of the population was estimated to have no ________ to the health service.A)assessment

B)assignment

C)exception

D)access [P43-70]The course normally attracts 20 students per year, ________ up to half will be from overseas.A)in which

B)for whom

C)with which

D)of whom 百分比结构取决于后面的名词。

n1.of n2.取决于n1.（非百分比结构）[P60-43] The growth of part-time and flexible working patterns, and of training and retraining schemes, _______ more women to take advantage of employment opportunities.A)have allowed

B)allow

C)allowing

D)allows [P60-42] You _______ him so closely;you should have kept your distance.A)shouldn't follow

B)mustn't follow C)couldn't have been following

D)shouldn't have been following [P60-41]--“May I speak to your manager Mr.Williams at five o'clock tonight?”--“I'm sorry.M.Williams _______ to a conference long before then.” A)will have gone

B)had gone

C)would have gone

D)has gone [P60-44]Everybody _______ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.A)assembled

B)accumulated

C)piled

D)joined [P60-45]Putting in a new window will _______ cutting away part of the roof.A)include

B)involve

C)contain

D)comprise 注：involve doing 表示要求做

[P60-48]The manager would rather his daughter _______ in the same office.A)had not worked B)not to work

C)does not work

D)did not work [P54-41]She ought to stop work;she has a headache because she ______ too long.A)has been reading

B)had read

C)is reading

D)read [P54-42] Niagara Falls is a great tourist ______ drawing millions of visitors every year.声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。

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A)attention

B)attraction

C)appointment

D)arrangement [P54-43]I don't mind ____ the decision as long as it is not too late.A)you to delay making B)your delaying makingC)your delaying to make

D)you delay to make [P54-44]The hopes goals, fears and desires _______ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.A)alter

B)shift

C)transfer

D)vary 注：1.alter 细微的改变

2.shift 本质上的转变，性质上的转变

3.transfer 转学；调任工作

transform 改变

transport 运输

passport 护照 transplant 移植

transmit（疾病/广播电视节目/文化/语言的）传播 emit 释放

omit 省略

4.vary 差异

vary between/ throughout/ from A to B [P43-41]A person‟s calorie requirements vary ________ his life.A)across

B)throughout

C)over

D)within [P37-42]Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, ________ obtaining water is not the least.A)for which

B)to which

C)of which

D)in which

[P37-43]Which sport has the most expenses ________ training equipment, players‟ personal equipment and uniforms? A)in place of

B)in terms of

C)by means of

D)by way of 注：in terms of 根据

[P30-29]Features such as height, weight, and skin color _________ from individual to individual and from face to face.A)change

B)vary

C)alter

D)convert 注：convert（宗教信仰的）改变

[P54-45]Corn originated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it ______ in Cuba.A)being cultivated

B)been cultivated C)having cultivated D)cultivating [P54-46]The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _____ on benches, chairs or boxes.A)having seated

B)seating

C)seated

D)having been seated 注：seat sb.给某人安排座位

[P55-47]This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen ______ comfortably.A)is worn

B)wears C)wearing

D)are worn 注：感观动词用主动

[P55-48]Some diseases are _____ by certain water animals.A)transplanted

B)transformed

C)transported

D)transmitted [P55-49]Wouldn't you rather your child _______ to bed early? A)go

B)went

C)would go

D)goes coincidence（时间；空间）巧合 意见的）一致 倒装

1、承前否定，前面是否定后面也是否定意义。nor, neither

I cann't answer, nor can I.nor 是连词，neither 既是连词又是副词 I cann't answer, but neither can I。

考试中neither和nor同时出现时，通常考得是neither的副词用法。

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[P3-59]She never laughed, _________ lose her temper.A)or she ever did

B)nor did she ever

C)or did she ever

D)nor she ever did 注: lost one's temper 发脾气

[P35-39] The manager lost his _________ just because his secretary was ten minutes late.A)mood

B)temper

C)mind

D)passion 注: 1.in no mood to do 没有心情做某事

2.mind doing 介意做某事 3.passion 热情，激情 [P22-42]I could not persuade him to accept it, _________ make him see the importance of it.A)if only I could no tB)no more than I could C)or I could not D)nor could I [P27-33] The organization had broken no rules, but _________ had it acted responsibly.A)neither

B)so

C)either

D)both [P49-57]We don‟t need air conditioning, _________.A)nor can we afford it B)and nor we can afford it C)neither can afford it D)and we can neither afford it注: afford 负担，承担

2、only 在于句首＋状语/状从，部分倒装。Only at work did he feel happy.Only when you get 85 will I feel better.Only you can go with me to the west heaven.（加主语不倒装）[P19-50]Only by shouting at the top of his voice _______.A)was he able to make himself hear B)he was able to make himself hear C)he was able to make himself heard

D)was he able to make himself heard 注: 1.forum 论坛2.summit 峰会3.convention 国际会议，传统，风俗4.conference 一般性的会议

5.seminar 研讨会

[P16-43]Only under special circumstances ________ to take make-up tests.A)permitted are freshmen

B)freshmen are permitted C)are freshmen permitted

D)are permitted freshmen 注：make-up test 补考

make for 走向

make up for 补偿，弥补

3、否定副词或具有否定意义的词在句首，句子部分倒装。little, no longer，not only...but also，rarely, not until，in no way，scarcely...when，hardly，no sooner...than 主句倒装从句不倒装。

[P6-62]No sooner had we reached the top of the hill _________ we all sat down to rest.A)when

B)then

C)than

D)until [P52-60] We have been told that under no circumstances _______ the telephone in the office for personal affairs.A)may we use

B)we may use

C)we could use D)did we use [P52-59]Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _______ in the marker.A)batteries

B)bargains C)baskets

D)barrels 注：1.batteries 电池

2.barrels 桶

4、as, though 表尽管时，句子部分倒装。

Beautiful as she is she is stupid.[P35-40]Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _______ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。

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A)are to challenge B)may be challenged

C)have been challenged D)are challenging

[P26-26]___ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention.A)Being published

B)Published

C)Publishing

D)To be published P51-48]The house was very quiet, _______ as it was on the side of a mountain.A)isolated

B)isolating

C)being isolated

D)having been isolated 注：isolate 孤立

stimulate 刺激

prestige 名声，声望

ostrich 鸵鸟 同位语从句Mr.Huang, a CET-4 teacher, is a native to Dalian.主语同位语从句：

Evidence that Mr.Huang killed himself came out.1）主语必须是一个概括性名词，如：evidence, news, believe, 想法，标志等。2）同位语从句用来解释说明名词。

Evidence came out that Mr.Huang killed himself.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：

I knew the news that he killed himself.（同位语从句）I knew the news that was written by you.（定语从句）

1）同位语从句是用来解释前面的名词，而定语从句是用来修饰、限制前面的名词。2）同位语从句必须是特殊的概括性的名词，而定语从句可以是任何名词。3）同位语从句 that 起引导词的作用（从句主谓宾完整），定语从句 that 起关系代词的作用（从句不完整）。

[P59-37]There are signs _______ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A)that

B)which

C)in which

D)whose [P53-69]___ evidence that language-acquiring ability must be stimulated.A)It being B)It is C)There is

D)There being 注：1.+ 名词，选项中的 there be 结构为首选。2.作表语是形容词优于名词。It is evident that...3.evident 明显的 dentist 牙医

[P17-53]The mere fact _________ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.A)that B)which C)whatD)why [P7-63]Evidence came up _________ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old.A)what

B)which

C)that

D)whose 难题、短语

[P1-41]The bridge was named _______the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.A)after B)with

C)by

D)from 注：1.be named after 以……命名

2.be named by 被……取名 [P1-46]All _______ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A)what is needed B)for our needs

C)the thing needed

D)that is needed 注：all that = what [P3-61]I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and _________ in a quiet neighbourhood.A)all in all B)above all C)after all D)over all 注：1.above all 首先2.all in all 总的来说3.after all 毕竟、终究4.over all 遍及 5.overall 制服；总的

[P5-44]There were some _________ flowers on the table.A)artificialB)unnaturalC)falseD)unreal 声明：本资料由听力课堂网站收集整理，仅供英语爱好者学习使用，资料版权属于原作者。

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注：1.artificial 人造的2.unnatural 不自然的

3.false 具有欺骗性的“假” false hair 假发false teeth 假牙 4.unreal 不真实的 [P5-47]Children are very curious _________.A)at heart B)in person

C)on purpose

D)by nature 注：1.by nature 天性

2.at heart 在心理上（强调内心世界）3.in person 亲自的 4.on purpose 有目的的、故意的

[P7-67]What _________ would happen if the director knew you felt that way? A)do you suppose B)you suppose

C)will you suppose D)you would suppose 注：do you suppose 做插入语，过去时用did [P6-54]Important people don‟t often have much free time as their work _________ all their time.A)takes away

B)takes over

C)takes up

D)takes in 注：1.take up 占用 2.take away 拿走

3.take over 接管

4.take in 理解；欺骗（口语）

I was simply taken in.[P9-56]The French pianist who had been praised very highly _________ to be a great disappointment.A)tuned up

B)turned in

C)turned out D)turned down 注：1.turn out to be 证明是，结果是2.turn up 出现3.turn in 上交

4.turn down 拒绝；把音量调小[P15-32]You cannot be _________ careful when you drive a car.A)very B)too C)so

D)enough 注：not too+adj 再……也不过分

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第二篇：新东方四级高频词汇

需要辨析的：

1.call off（取消、放弃）和 call up（召集、唤起）2.adapt to 和 adopt

3.arise 和 arouse 4.count on = rely on 5.cope with = deal with

6.no doubt 和 in doubt 7.employee 和 employer 8.general 和 generous

9.instant 和 constant 10.lie（及物）和 lay（不及物）11.regulate 和 regular

12.supply（有目的提供）和 offer（无目的提供）

语法：（分值小）

1． 虚拟语气：

表示建议的几个词：wish, would rather, had rather;

it is time that + 过去式；

it is high time that + 过去式；

but for、lest、as if、as though、would、should、could、might +动词原型。

2． 非谓语动词：

最常考：不定式 表示主动、将来，通常爱做后置定语；

其次考：分词 现在分词表示主动进行，过去分词表示被动完成。通常做状语。

再次考：动名词 动词名词化，做主语和宾语。

3． 时态：

按出题可能性大小依次为：将来完成时，过去完成时，现在完成进行时，现在完成时，一般现在时。

4． 语态：

肯定考被动。

作文：（肯定是议论文、最有冲刺性）

什么样的英雄是你心目中的英雄（有可能出）

适合才是找工作的关键（有可能出）

学校点名有没有必要

谈一下你对atm机的看法（有可能出）

防盗门窗有没有用

你对打折的看法

演讲稿的开头致欢迎词

独生子女的利弊

你怎么看待电视购物，电子购物

网络的利弊 －－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－（最有可能！）

阅读：

必考体裁：

1。美国文化生活实文

提示：1。friend,关于友谊；2。家庭，父母，养父母；3。“死亡”话题，安乐死；4。美国经济问题

2。教育学

提示：1。imitation(模仿)；2。中美教育差别；3。选专业，找工作

3。自然学科

提示：读什么选什么。＊只要有 all 或only 的选项就排除。

出题原则：

1． 转折原则：出现but、however肯定出题；

2． 原因原则：出现because、reason、witse（由于）、be due to（由于）肯定出题；

3． 比较原则：在读文章时，遇到比较原则的特征词做出标记，以便定位；

题干当中出现特征词，回原文定位时，必须有相同或类似的说法出现；

要是选项中出现了特征词，如果要选，原文中必须有出处，但通常无出处，所以常排除。

特征词：best、first、last、no、all、none、primally、best、always、never、main、more„than„.as„.as„.、only、sole、unique

4．例证原则：例子本身不重，所支持的观点、论断最重要。

做题技巧：

－－－－－－细节题：

1． 文章议论顺序和出题顺序一致；

2． 从题干中寻找典型的特征词回原文中定位；

常用定位词：时间，地点，人名，特征名词及其定语

3． 从选项当中寻找一个与所定位内容意思最接近的作为正确答案。

排除法：1。分清有无，2。分清强弱，3。分清主次，4。分清正反，5。分清宽窄，6。分清全偏。

＊ ＊＊选项中有以下几个词则排除：totally, compalatly, unlimitely.－－－－－－态度题：

永远不可能为答案的词：indifferent（漠不关心的），subject（主观的）

常选词：

乐观、赞扬：positive（支持），accurate，optimistic（乐观的）

中立： objective（客观的）在自然科学文章中常作正确选项

neutral（中立的）在自然科学文章中常作正确选项

悲观、批评：critical（批评的），negative，pessimistic（悲观的）

出处：1。主题句，2。例证的倾向性，3，修饰语的感情色彩

－－－－－－topic题（1个）：

1． 文章的topic（议论对象、说明对象）必须存在于正确答案当中；

在文章中寻找topic：从前不从后，从多不从少。

2． 排除：文章所谈的细节内容和段落内容永远不可能成为答案；

3． 主题句的出处：文章首句 或 首段末句 或 二段首句。

－－－－－－infer题（1—2个）：

1． 基本原则：从选项当中寻找一个与原文意思最相近的作为正确答案；

2． 从选项下手，运用排除法。

－－－－－－词汇和指代合在一起（出一题）：

1． 指代：在文章中找到位置往前找，离它最近的名词、词组和句子；

2． 词汇：从该词附近的定语从句、同位语、同位语从句、逗号和破折号中间的插入语并列结构

四级词汇主要由：基础词汇＋四级高频词汇＋词组

我将会在今后的一个月内每天上传四级的高频词汇。一天记30个词汇，经过一个月的突击努力，将会使你的词汇学习更加有的放矢，词汇积累过程就会相应缩短，少走弯路，避免无效的重复。1.alter v.改变，改动，变更 2.burst vi.,n.突然发生，爆裂

3.dispose vi.除掉；处置；解决；处理(of)4.blast n.爆炸；气流 vi.炸，炸掉 5.consume v.消耗，耗尽

6.split v.劈开；割裂；分裂 a.裂开的 7.spit v.吐（唾液等）；唾弃 8.spill v.溢出，溅出，倒出 9.slip v.滑动，滑落；忽略

10.slide v.滑动，滑落 n.滑动；滑面；幻灯片

11.bacteria n.细菌

12.breed n.种，品种 v.繁殖，产仔 13.budget n.预算 v.编预算，作安排 14.candidate n.候选人 15.campus n.校园

16.liberal a.慷慨的；丰富的；自由的 17.transform v.转变，变革；变换 18.transmit v.传播，播送；传递 19.transplant v.移植

20.transport vt.运输，运送 n.运输，运输工具 21.shift v.转移；转动；转变 22.vary v.变化，改变；使多样化 23.vanish vi.消灭，不见

24.swallow v.吞下，咽下 n.燕子 25.suspicion n.怀疑，疑心 26.suspicious a.怀疑的，可疑的

27.mild a.温暖的，暖和的；温柔的，味淡的 28.tender a.温柔的；脆弱的

29.nuisance n.损害，妨害，讨厌（的人或事物）30.insignificant a.无意义的，无足轻重的；无价值的 31.accelerate vt.加速，促进

32.absolute a.绝对的，无条件的；完全的 33.boundary n.分界线，边界

34.brake n.刹车，制动器 v.刹住（车）35.catalog n.目录（册）v.编目 36.vague a.模糊的，不明确的 37.vain n.徒劳，白费 38.extinct a.绝灭的，熄灭的

39.extraordinary a.不平常的，特别的，非凡的 40.extreme a.极度的，极端的 n.极端，过分 41.agent n.代理人，代理商；动因，原因 42.alcohol n.含酒精的饮料，酒精 43.appeal n./vi.呼吁，恳求 44.appreciate vt.重视，赏识，欣赏 45.approve v.赞成，同意，批准 46.stimulate vt.刺激，激励 47.acquire vt.取得，获得；学到 48.accomplish vt.完成，到达；实行

49.network n.网状物；广播网，电视网；网络 50.tide n.潮汐；潮流 51.tidy a.整洁的，整齐的

52.trace vt.追踪，找到 n.痕迹，踪迹 53.torture n./vt.拷打，折磨 54.wander vi.漫游，闲逛

55.wax n.蜡 56.weave v.织，编

57.preserve v.保护，保存，保持，维持 61.abuse v.滥用，虐待；谩骂

62.academic a.学术的；高等院校的；研究院的 63.academy n.（高等）专科院校；学会 64.battery n.电池（组）65.barrier n.障碍；棚栏

66.cargo n.（船、飞机等装载的）货物 67.career n.生涯，职业

68.vessel n.船舶；容器，器皿；血管 69.vertical a.垂直的

70.oblige v.迫使，责成；使感激 71.obscure a.阴暗，模糊

72.extent n.程度，范围，大小，限度 73.exterior n.外部，外表 a.外部的，外表的 74.external a.外部的，外表的，外面的 75.petrol n.汽油 76.petroleum n.石油

77.delay vt./n.推迟，延误，耽搁 78.decay vi.腐烂，腐朽 79.decent a.像样的，体面的 80.route n.路；路线；航线

81.ruin v.毁坏，破坏 n.毁灭，[pl.]废墟 82.sake n.缘故，理由 83.satellite n.卫星

84.scale n.大小，规模；等级；刻度 85.temple n.庙宇

86.tedious a.乏味道，单调的，87.tend vi.易于，趋向 88.tendency n.趋向，趋势

89.ultimate a.极端的，最大的，最终的 n.极端 90.undergo v.经历，遭受

91.abundant a.丰富的，充裕的，大量的 92.adopt v.收养；采用；采纳

93.adapt vi.适应，适合；改编，改写 vt.使适应 94.bachelor n.学士，学士学位；单身汉 95.casual a.偶然的，碰巧的；临时的；非正式的 96.trap n.陷阱，圈套 v.设陷阱捕捉 97.vacant a.空的，未占用的 98.vacuum n.真空，真空吸尘器 99.oral a.口头的，口述的，口的 100.optics n.（单、复数同形）光学 101.organ n.器官，风琴

102.excess n.过分，过量，过剩 103.expel v.驱逐，开除，赶出 104.expend v.消费

105.expenditure n.支出，消费；经费 106.expense n.开销，费用

107.expensive a.花钱多的；价格高贵的 108.expand v.扩大，扩张；展开，膨胀 109.expansion n.扩大，扩充；发展，膨胀 110.private a.私人的，个人的

111.individual a.个别的，单独的 n.个人，个体 112.personal a.个人的，私人的；亲自的 114.personnel n.[总称]人员，员工；人事部门 115.the Pacific Ocean 太平洋 116.the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋 117.the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋 118.the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋 119.grant vt.授予，同意，准予 119.grand a.宏伟大，壮丽的，重大的 120.invade v.侵入，侵略，侵袭

121.acid n.酸，酸性物质 a.酸的；尖刻的 122.acknowledge v.承认；致谢 123.balcony n.阳台 124.calculate vt.计算，核算 125.calendar n.日历，月历 126.optimistic a.乐观

127.optional a.可以任选的，非强制的 128.outstanding a.杰出的，突出的，显著的 129.export n.出口（物）v.出口，输出 130.import n.进口（物）v.进口，输入 131.impose vt.把...加强(on)；采用，利用 132.religion n.宗教，宗教信仰 133.religious a.宗教的 134.victim n.牺牲品，受害者

135.video n.电视，视频 a.电视的，录像的 136.videotape n.录像磁带 v.把...录在录像带上 137.offend v.冒犯，触犯 138.bother v.打搅，麻烦 139.interfere v.干涉，干扰，妨碍 140.internal a.内部的，国内的 141.beforehand ad.预先，事先 142.racial a.人种的种族的 143.radiation n.放射物，辐射 144.radical a.根本的；激进的

145.range n.幅度，范围 v.（在某范围内）变动

146.wonder n.惊奇，奇迹 v.想知道，对...感到疑惑 147.isolate vt.使隔离，使孤立

148.issue n.问题，争论点；发行，（报刊）一期 149.hollow a.空的，中空的，空虚道 150.hook n.钩 vt.钩住 151.adequate a.适当地；足够

152.adhere vi.粘附，附着；遵守，坚持 153.ban vt.取缔，禁止 154.capture vt.俘虏，捕获

155.valid a.有效的，有根据的；正当的 156.valley n.山谷，峡谷

157.consistent a.坚固定；一致的，始终如一的 158.continuous a.继续的，连续（不断）的 159.continual a.不断地，频繁的 160.explode v.爆炸；爆发；激增 161.exploit v.剥削；利用，开采 162.explore v.勘探

163.explosion n.爆炸；爆发；激增 164.explosive a.爆炸的；极易引起争论的 165.remote a.遥远的，偏僻的 166.removal n.除去，消除 167.render vt.使得，致使

167.render 解释比较长，可要仔细体会啊！

1.render sth(for sth)；rendersth(to sb)give sth in return,or exchange,or as sth which is due 给予某物作为报偿或用以交换；回报；归还

render homage,obedience,allegiance,etc.表示敬意、顺从、效忠等： a reward for services rendered 服务的酬金 render good for evil 以德报怨 render insult for insult 以侮辱对侮辱

render sb a service/render a service to sb 为某人服务 render help to disaster victims 向灾民提供援助 render thanks to God 感谢上帝

2.present or send in(an account)for payment 递交或开出（帐单）： account rendered $50 开出50美元的帐单

3.cause(sb/sth)to be in a certain condition 使（某人[某事物]）处于某种状况： rendered helpless by an accident 因出事故而束手无策

Your action had rendered our contract invalid.你们的这种做法导致双方的合同失败。

4.[esp passive 尤用于被动语态] give a performance of(music,a play,a character.etc);give a portrayal of(sb/sth)in painting,etc.演奏（音乐）；演出（戏剧）；扮演（角色）；以绘画等表现（某人[某物]）： The piano solo was well rendered.那支钢琴独奏曲弹得真好。'Othello' was rendered rather poorly.《奥赛罗》这出戏演得不好。

The artist had rendered her gentle smile perfectly.该艺术家把她那温柔的笑容表现得惟妙惟肖。5.render sth(into sth)express sth in another language;translate sth.翻译某事物： How would you render 'bon voyage'(into English)? 'bon voyage'怎么翻译（成英语）？

Rendering poetry into other language is difficult.翻译诗歌是很困难的。

6.cover(stone or brick)with a first layer of plaster 在（石或砖）上抹灰泥打底： render walls 在墙上抹底灰

7.（习语）render an zccount of oneself,one's behaviour,etc explain or justify what one has said,done,etc.为自己的言行等作解释或辩护.8.render sth down： make(eg fat,lard)liquid by heating it;melt sth down 将（脂肪、猪油等）熬成油；熔化某物。render sth up：hand over or surrender sth;yield sth.移交或交出某物；放弃某事物： render up a fort,town,etc to the enemy 放弃要塞、城市等被敌人占领(fig比喻)He rendered up his soul to God,ie died.他魂归天国了 168.precaution n.预防，防备，警惕 169.idle a.懒散的，无所事事的 170.identify vt.认出，鉴定 171.identify n.身份；个性，特性 172.poverty n.贫穷

173.resistant a.(to)抵抗的，抗...的，耐...的 174.resolve vt.解决；决定，决意 175.barrel n.桶

176.bargain n.便宜货 vi.讨价还价 177.coarse a.粗的，粗糙的，粗劣的 178.coach n.教练；长途公共汽车 179.code n.准则，法规，密码 180.coil n.线圈 v.卷，盘绕

181.adult n.成年人 182.advertise v.为...做广告 183.advertisement n.广告 184.agency n.代理商，经销商

185.focus v.（使）聚集 n.焦点，中心，聚焦 186.forbid vt.不许，禁止 187.debate n./v.辩论，争论 188.debt n.欠债 189.decade n.十年

190.enclose vt.围住；把...装入信封 191.encounter vt./n.遭遇，遭到 192.globe n.地球，世界；地球仪 193.global a.全球的；总的 194.scan vt.细看；扫描；浏览 195.scandal n.丑事，丑闻 196.significance n.意义；重要性 197.subsequent a.随后的，后来的 198.virtue n.美德，优点

199.virtual a.实际上的，事实上的

200.orient vt.使适应，(to,toward)使朝向 n.东方 201.portion n.一部分

202.target n.目标，靶子 vt.瞄准

203.portable a.手提式的 204.decline v.拒绝，谢绝；下降 205.illusion n.错觉

206.likelihood n.可能，可能性 207.stripe n.条纹

208.emphasize vt.强调，着重 209.emotion n.情感，感情

210.emotional a.感情的，情绪（上）的211.awful a.极坏的，威严的，可怕的 212.awkward a.笨拙的，棘手的 213.clue n.线索，提示 214.collision n.碰撞，冲突 215.device n.装置，设备 216.devise vt.发明，策划，想出 217.inevitable a.不可避免的 218.naval a.海军的 219.navigation n.航行

220.necessity n.必需品；必要性 221.previous a.先，前，以前的

222.provision n.[pl.]给养，口粮；准备，设备，装置 223.pursue vt.追逐；追求；从事，进行 224.stale a.不新鲜的，陈腐的 225.substitute n.代用品 vt.代替 226.deserve vt.应受，应得，值得 227.discrimination n.歧视；辨别力 228.professional a.职业的，专门的 229.secure a.安全的，可靠的 230.security n.安全，保障 231.scratch v./n.抓，搔，扒 232.talent n.才能，天资；人才 233.insurance n.保险，保险费 234.insure vt.给...保险，保证，确保 235.nevertheless ad.仍然，然而，不过 236.neutral a.中立的，中性的

237.spot n.地点；斑点 vt.认出，发现；玷污 238.spray v.喷，（使）溅散

239.medium a.中等的，适中的 n.媒介物，新闻媒介 240.media n.新闻传媒 241.auxiliary a.辅助的，备用的 242.automatic a.自动的 243.compete vi.竞争，比赛

244.competent a.有能力的，能胜任的 245.competition n.竞争，比赛 246.distribute vt.分发

247.disturb vt.打搅，妨碍 248.infer v.推论，推断

249.integrate v.(into,with)（使）成为一体，（使）合并 250.moist a.潮湿 251.moisture n.潮湿 252.promote vt.促进；提升 253.region n.地区；范围；幅度 254.register v./n.登记，注册 255.stable a.稳定的

256.sophisticated a.老于世故的，老练的；很复杂的 257.splendid a.极好的，壮丽的，辉煌的 258.cancel vt.取消，废除 259.variable a.易变的，可变的 260.prospect n.前景，前途；景象 261.prosperity n.兴旺，繁荣 262.aspect n.方面；朝向；面貌 263.cope vi.(with)（成功地）应付，处理 264.core n.果心，核心

265.maintain vt.维持，保持；坚持，主张 266.mainland n.大陆

267.discipline n.纪律；惩罚；学科

268.domestic a.本国的，国内的；家用的；家庭的 269.constant a.不变的，恒定的 n.常数

270.cliff n.悬崖，峭壁

271.authority n.权威；当局 272.audio a.听觉 273.attitude n.态度

274.community n.社区，社会

275.commit vt.犯（错误，罪行等），干（坏事等）276.comment n./vt.评论 277.distinguish vt.区分，辨别 278.distress n.痛苦，悲伤 vt.使痛苦 279.facility n.[pl.] 设备，设施；便利，方便

280.faculty n.能力，技能；系，学科，学院；全体教员 281.mixture n.混合，混合物 282.mood n.心情，情绪；语气 283.moral a.道德上的，有道德的 284.prominent a.突出的 285.substance n.物质；实质

286.substantial a.可观的；牢固的；实质的 287.prompt vt.促使 a.敏捷的，及时的 288.vivid a.生动的

289.vocabulary n.词汇（量）；词汇表

290.venture n.风险投资，风险项目 v.冒险；取于

291.version n.版本，译本；说法 292.waist n.腰，腰部 293.weld v./n.焊接 294.yawn vi.打哈欠

295.yield vi.(to)屈服于；让出，放弃 n.产量 296.zone n.地区，区域 297.strategy n.战略，策略

298.strategic a.战略（上）的，关键的 299.tense a.紧张的 v.拉紧 n.时态 300.tension n.紧张（状态），张力

301.avenue n.林荫道，大街

302.available a.现成可用的；可得到的 303.comparable a.(with,to)可比较的，类似的 304.comparative a.比较的，相对的 305.dash vi.猛冲，飞奔 306.data n.数据，资料 307.dive vi.跳水，潜水

308.diverse a.不同的，多种多样的 309.entitle vt.给...权利，给...资格 310.regulate vt.管理，调节

311.release vt./n.释放，排放；解释解脱 312.exaggerate v.夸大，夸张 313.evil a.邪恶的，坏的 314.shrink vi.起皱，收缩；退缩 315.subtract v.减（去）316.suburb n.市郊 317.subway n.地铁

318.survey n./vt.调查，勘测 319.wealthy a.富裕的 320.adjust v.调整，调节 321.attach vt.系，贴；使附属

322.profit n.利润，益处；v.有益于，有利于 323.profitable a.有利可图的 324.slope n.斜坡，斜面 325.reinforce vt.增强，加强 326.reject vt.拒绝

327.fatal a.致命的；重大的 328.fate n.命运

329.humble a.谦逊的；谦虚的 330.illegal a.不合法的，非法的331.award vt.授予，判给 n.奖品，奖金 332.aware a.意识到

333.column n.柱，圆柱；栏，专栏 334.comedy n.喜剧

335.dumb a.哑的；沉默的 336.dump vt.倾卸，倾倒 337.deaf a.聋的；不愿听的 338.decorate vt.装饰，装璜

339.principal a.最重要的 n.负责人，校长 340.principle n.原则，原理 341.prior a.优先的，在前的 342.priority n.优先，重点 343.prohibit vt.禁止，不准

344.remarkable a.值得注意的，异常的，非凡的 345.remedy n./vt.补救，医治，治疗 346.repetition n.重复，反复 347.vain a.徒劳的，无效的

348.undertake vt.承担，着手做；同意，答应 349.unique a.唯一的，独特的 350.obstacle n.障碍（物），妨碍 351.odd a.奇特的，古怪的；奇数的 352.omit vt.省略

353.opponent n.敌手，对手 354.opportunity n.机会，时机 355.orchestra n.管弦乐队 356.semester n.学期；半年 357.semiconductor n.半导体 358.seminar n.研讨会

359.terminal a.末端的，极限的 n.终点 360.territory n.领土

361.approximate a.大概的，大约 v.近似 362.arbitrary a.随意的，未断的 363.architect n.建筑师 364.architecture n.建筑学 365.biology n.生物学 366.geography n.地理（学）367.geology n.地质学 368.geometry n.几何（学）369.arichmetic n.算术 370.algebra n.代数

371.entertainment n.娱乐；招待，款待 372.enthusiasm n.热情，热心

373.entry n.进入，入口处；参赛的人（或物）374.enviroment n.环境 375.episode n.插曲，片段 376.equation n.方程（式）377.restrain vt.阻止，抑制 378.restraint n.抑制，限制

379.resume v.（中断后）重新开始 380.severe a.严重的 381.sexual a.性的

382.simplicity n.简单；朴素 383.simplify vt.简化 384.sorrow n.悲哀，悲痛

385.stuff n.原料，材料 vt.填进，塞满 386.temporary a.暂时的，临时的 387.temptation n.诱惑，引诱 388.terror n.恐怖 389.thrust v.挤，推，插 390.treaty n.条约，协定

391.arise vi.产生，出现，发生；起身 392.arouse vt.引起，激起；唤醒 393.burden n.重担，负荷 394.bureau n.局，办事处

395.marveous a.奇迹般的，惊人的 396.massive a.大的，大量的，大块的 397.mature a.成熟的

398.maximum a.最高的，最大的 399.minimum a.最低的，最小的 400.nonsense n.胡说，冒失的行动 401.nuclear a.核子的，核能的 402.nucleus n.核 403.retail n./v./ad.零售 404.retain vt.保留，保持 405.restrict vt.限制，约束

406.sponsor n.发起者，主办者 vt.发起，主办，资助 407.spur n./vt.刺激，激励 408.triumph n.胜利，成功 409.tuition n.学费

410.twist vt.使缠绕；转动；扭歪 411.undergraduate n.大学肄业生 412.universal a.普遍的，通用的；宇宙的 413.universe n.宇宙

414.via prep.经由，经过，通过 415.vibrate v.振动，摇摆 416.virus n.病毒 417.voluntary a.自愿的

418.volunteer n.志愿者 v.自愿（做）419.vote v.选举 n.选票

420.wagon n.四轮马车，铁路货车

421.appoint vt.任命，委派

422.approach v.靠近，接近n.途径，方式

423.appropriate a.适当的 424.bunch n.群，伙；束，串

425.bundle n.捆，包，束 vt.收集，归拢 426.ceremony n.典礼，仪式 427.chaos n.混乱，紊乱 428.discount n.（价格）折扣 429.display n./vt.陈列，展览 430.equivalent a.相等的 a.相等物 431.erect a.竖直的 v.建造，竖立 432.fax n./vt.传真

433.ferfile a.肥沃的；多产的 434.fertilizer n.肥料 435.grateful a.感激的 436.gratitude n.感激 437.horror n.恐怖 438.horrible a.可怕的

439.Internet n.国际互联网，因特网 440.interpret v.翻译，解释 441.interpretation n.解释，说明 442.jungle n.丛林，密林 443.knot n.结 vt.把...打成结 444.leak v.漏，渗出 445.lean vi.倾斜，倚，靠 446.leap vi.跳跃 447.modify vt.修改 448.nylon n.尼龙 449.onion n.洋葱 450.powder n.粉末

451.applicable a.可应用的，适当的 452.applicant n.申请人 453.breadth n.宽度

454.conservation n.保存，保护 455.conservative a.保守的

456.parallel n.平行线；可相比拟的事物 457.passion n.激情，热情 458.passive a.被动的，消极的 459.pat v./n.轻拍，轻打 460.peak n.山峰，顶点 461.phenomenon n.现象

462.reluctant a.不情愿的，勉强的 463.rely vi.(on ,upon)依赖，指望 464.relevant a.有关的，切题的 465.reliable a.可靠的

466.relief n.轻松，宽慰；减轻

467.reputation n.名气，声誉 468.rescue vt./n.营救 469.triangle n.三角（形）470.sequence n.连续；顺序 471.shallow a.浅的 472.shiver vi/n.发抖 473.shrug v./n.耸肩 474.signature n.签名

475.sincere a.诚挚的，真诚的 476.utilify n.功用，效用 477.utilise vt.利用

478.utter vt.说出 a.完全的，彻底的 479.variation n.变化，变动 480.vehicle n.交通工具，车辆

481.applause n.鼓掌，掌声 482.appliance n.器具，器械

483.consent n.准许，同意 vi(to)准许，同意 484.conquer vt.征服 485.defect n.缺点，缺陷

486.delicate a.易碎的；娇弱的；精美的 487.evolve v.演变

488.evolution n.演变，进化 489.frown v./n.皱眉 490.frustrate vt.使沮丧 491.guarantee vt./n.保证 492.guilty a.内疚的；有罪的 493.jealous a.妒忌的 494.jeans n.牛仔裤 495.liquor n.酒，烈性酒 496.liter/litre n.升 497.modest a.谦虚道 498.molecule n.分子

499.orbit n.轨道 v.（绕...）作轨道运行 500.participate v.(in)参与，参加 501.particle n.微粒

502.particularly ad.特别，尤其 503.respond vi.回答，答复；反应 504.response n.回答，答复；反应 505.sensible a.明智的

506.sensitive a.敏感到，灵敏的 507.tremble vi.颤抖

508.tremendous a.巨大的；精彩的 509.trend n.趋向，倾向 510.trial n.审讯；试验

511.apparent a.显然的，明白的 512.appetite n.胃口；欲望

513.deposit n.存款，定金 v.存放，储蓄 514.deputy n.副职，代表

515.derive vt.取得，得到；(from)起源于 516.descend v.下来，下降 517.missile n.导弹

518.mission n.使命；代表团 519.mist n.薄雾

520.noticeable a.显而易见到 521.notify vt.通知，告知 522.notion n.概念；意图，想法 523.resemble vt.像，类似于 524.reveal vt.揭露

525.revenue n.收入，岁入；税收 526.shelter n.掩蔽处；住所

527.shield n.防护物，盾 vt.保护，防护 528.vital a.重要的；致命的，生命的 529.vitally ad.极度，非常；致命地 530.urban a.城市的 531.urge vt.鼓励，激励 532.urgent a.急迫的，紧急得 533.usage n.使用，用法 534.violence n.强力，暴力 535.violent a.强暴的 536.violet a.紫色的 537.weed n.杂草，野草 538.welfare n.福利

539.whatsoever ad.（用于否定句）任何 540.whereas conj.然而，但是，尽管 541.essential a.必不可少的；本质的 542.estimate n./vt.估计，估量 543.evaluate vt.评估，评价 544.exceed vt.超过，越出 545.exceedingly ad.非常，极其 546.exclaim v.呼喊，大声说

547.exclude vt.把...排斥在外，不包括 548.exclusive a.读有的，排他的 549.excursion n.远足 550.flash vi.闪光，闪耀 551.flee vi.逃走 552.flexible a.易弯曲的

553.flock n.羊群，（鸟兽等）一群；一伙人 554.hardware n.五金器具

555.harmony n.和谐，融洽 556.haste n.急速，急忙 557.hatred n.憎恶，憎恨 558.incident n.事件，事变 559.index n.索引，标志 560.infant n.婴儿 561.infect v.传染

562.inferior a.劣等的，次的，下级的 563.infinite a.无限的 564.ingredient n.组成部分 565.inhabitant n.居民 566.jail n.监狱

567.jam n.果酱；拥挤，堵塞 568.jewel n.宝石

569.joint a.连接的；共同的 570.junior a.年少的；资历较浅的571.laser n.激光

572.launch vt.发动，发起 573.luxury n.奢侈；奢侈品 574.magnet n.磁铁，磁体 575.male a.男性的，雄的 576.female a.女性的，雌的

577.manual a.用手的，手工做的 n.手册 578.manufacture vt./n.制造，加工 579.marine a.海的；海产的 580.mutual a.相互的 581.naked a.裸露的

582.negative a.否定的，消极的 583.neglect vt.忽视，忽略 584.origin n.起源，出身 585.oval a.椭圆形的 n.椭圆形 586.outset n.开始，开端 587.presumably ad.大概，可能 588.prevail vi.流行，盛行 589.quit v.停止

590.quotation n.引文，引语 591.recreation n.娱乐活动

592.recruit vt.招募，吸收（新成员）593.rival n.竞争对手，敌手 594.shuttle n.梭子；航天飞机 595.skim vt.搬（去），掠过；浏览 596.sketch n.草图；梗概 597.slender a.苗条的，修长的 598.theme n.主题

599.textile n.纺织品

600.tropical a.热带的，炎热的 601.kneel vi.跪 602.label n.标签 603.merchant n.商人

604.mere a.仅仅的，只不过的；纯粹的 605.nuisance n.令人讨厌的东西（或人）606.numerrous a.众多的，许多的 607.parade n.游行 v.列队行进 608.pants[pl.] n.长裤；内裤 609.partial a.部分的 610.passport n.护照

611.prescribe vt.开药，吩咐采用...疗法 612.primitive a.原始的，早期的 613.ridge n.脊，山脊，埂 614.ridiculous a.可笑的，荒漠的 615.ridid a.严格的；僵硬的 616.withstand vt.经受，承受

617.witness n.目击者；证据 vt.注意到；证明 618.withdraw v.收回，撤销 619.slippery a.滑的 620.smash vt.粉碎，打烂 621.snap n./vt.折断，拉断；快照 622.software n.软件 623.solar a.太阳的 624.lynar a.月的，月球的 625.submerge vi.潜入水中 626.submit vi.(to)屈服，听从 627.timber n.木材，原木 628.tissue n.组织；薄纱，手巾纸 629.title n.题目，标题

630.tone n.语气，音调631.drift vi.漂，漂流 632.drip n.滴

633.durable a.耐用的，持久的 634.duration n.持续，持续期间 635.dusk n.黄昏，薄暮 636.leather n.皮革

637.legislation n.法律，法规；立法 638.leisure n.闲暇；悠闲 639.loose a.松的，宽松的 640.loosen v.解开，放松 641.tarnest a.认真的，诚挚的 642.earthquake n.地震 643.echo n.回音，回声

644.elaborate a.精心设计的，复杂的 645.elastic n.橡皮圈（带）a.有弹性的 646.elbow n.肘 647.electron n.电子 648.volcano n.火山

649.volume n.卷，册；体积，容量 650.fatigue n.疲劳，劳累 651.faulty a.有错误的，有缺点的 652.favorable a.称赞道；有利的，顺利的 653.favorite a.特别受喜欢的 n.喜爱的人或物 654.gallery n.画廊 655.gallon n.加仑 656.gap n.间隔，差距 657.garbage n.垃圾，废物 658.gaze v.凝视，注视 659.gear n.齿轮，传动装置

660.gene n.基因661.lest conj.唯恐，免得 662.liable a.可能的，大概的；(to)易于...的 663.liberal a.自由得 664.liberty n.自由

665.licence/license n.许可证，执照 666.moisture n.潮湿

667.motivate vt.激励，激发 668.motive n.动机，目的

669.generate vt.生成，产生（光、热、电等）670.genius n.天才，天赋 671.genuine a.真的，真诚的 672.gasoline n.汽油 673.germ n.微生物，细菌 674.gesture n.姿势，手势 675.giant a.巨大的 n.巨人，巨物 676.glimpse n.一瞥，一看 677.glory n.光荣，荣誉 678.glorious n.光荣的，极好的 679.golf n.高尔夫球运动 680.hydrogen n.氢 681.oxygen n.氧

682.hostile a.敌对的，敌意大 683.household n.家庭，户 684.hook n.钩

685.holy a.神圣地，圣洁的 686.hint n.暗示，示意 687.hestiate v.犹豫 688.highlight vt.强调，突出

689.hence ad.因此，所以；今后，从此 690.herd n.兽群，牧群

第三篇：新东方英语四级学习笔记

单词威胁原则：

available 待卖的、有时间的、单身的、有货的。receptionist酒店职员passenger乘客air hostess空姐；dissert甜点complete 完成inadequate不足够的complicated复杂的isolate隔绝community社区complicated复杂的 assumed假设、假象portrait肖像，特征、特点first thought 最初的想法rural乡村风味的，生活在农村的。城市的，urban市内的 isolate隔绝community社区typical典型性的，象征性的，特征特点。frequent经常的admit承认 admission承认录取enroll注册

policy-making制定政策thrived发展 urban城市rural乡村immigrate移民 cripple残废 limp瘸thrived发展 urban城市rural乡村immigrate移民 cripple残废 limp瘸 nervous breakdown 神经受损 roof collapse房顶倒塌left brain damaged使得脑部受到重伤out of the blue突然的reservation 预订 discount打折

paper 论文 报纸treat对待 请客 check in 登记fill in填写 hard time

stomach ache 胃疼go out of one is way to do something

job hunting 求职 resume 简历 interview面试

短文听力：

1表转折：

buthowever otherwise否则unfortunately不幸的是 unexpectedly出人意料的是surprising 出人意料的是

2首末句考点形式：

视听一致原则 当文章最后一题中的词语在被

播读时，就是后三句，后即将是后三句。

3最高级考点：

文章最高级来提醒大家注意。形容词+est.most+多音节形容词

4逻辑关系考点：

because, so ,as ,although ,though, if, either or, neither nor ,that's why, it’s so hot ,that's why i sweat.once

sense感觉security 安全 sense of security 安全感 creative 创造力，创造性。

选项当中明显被读到的选项更容易是错的。

小对话当中更容易出现答案的句子是第二句。

复合式听写：

restaurant schedule日程表 behind schedule=late 迟到

on schedule准时 colleague 同事

单词：非常难拼写，但常用。

单词威胁原则：

available 待卖的、有时间的、单身的、有货的。

句子：听到什么写什么。以自己的语言将要点写下来。

长对话短文听力：

1长对话短文听力出题时的遵循的是顺序出题法。解题方法：所听即所选。

2长对话短文听力千万不可等待问题出现后再答题。

第二节

一、短对话类型解释：

人物关系题

1医患关系：doctor、patient.关键是身体的部位和疾病的名称的出现。

2上下级关系：

老板和秘书 boss、secretary.wonder：想知道、奇迹 fill out:填写 request form:申请表格

经理和职员 manager、staff(职员棍子）The national flag flew at half-staffs.降半旗。stuff:乱七八糟的小东西、填充。hut小房子，小屋子。hat帽子。

3客服关系：

H-hotel A-airportR-restaurant

R:restaurant 餐厅 waitress女招待 costumer食客

H:costumer顾客 hotel clerk/receptionist酒店职员hotel reception酒店职员，receive接收，接待。

A:take off, passenger乘客 air hostess空姐，steward空中先生 stewardess空姐

4同级关系：

student、classmate同学、colleague同事

5家属关系：

mother and son母子.老公老婆往往是干扰选项。

地点题目：

对话地点题

restaurant接待台clinic诊所 menu菜单check in入住登记，办理入住手续balcony阳台、包间、包房（体育场、电影院可以见到）order点steak牛排 dissert甜点cotton field棉花地

动作题目：

1情态动作类：（must必须 would表意愿和状态 should应该 have to不得不 had better最好）+动词原形而此动词原形很可能是答案形式

security office 保卫处、保安室diamond ring 钻石戒指switch转换、更改、开关 2建议动作类：

句型：1.why don't you do sth?2.why not do

sth3hou about donging sth4what about donging sth

complete 完成短文听力：

第一段往往会出题

good manners 好礼仪 the art of saying thking you说谢谢你的艺术the secret of staying pretty保持漂亮的秘诀 generous大方

decorate 装修 elegant优雅的 stingy小气的involve卷入，包括 recent studies show 研究表明 be keen on 热衷、关注与protective 给予保护的 inadequate不足够的 equipment设备panic惊慌，ladder恐慌，梯子

复合式听写：

1第一遍放音时单词尽量写出

2第一遍放音时句子部分要听清主语和句型

3第二遍放音时应将单词部分补充完整

4第二遍放音时应将句子听完想清楚之后再动笔

5第三遍放音时检查并弥补措失

Particular essayreuest申请表格 staff职员air hostess 空姐 receptionist 招待员 I'll have to get my ticket changed

题目:

undergoing正在经历 frequent经常的admit承认 admission承认录取enroll注册

policy-making制定政策thrived发展 urban城市rural乡村immigrate移民 cripple残废 limp瘸nervous breakdown 神经受损 roof collapse房顶倒塌left brain damaged使得脑部受到重伤out of the blue突然的：

stretch伸展，长度unconscious没有意识，没有知觉therapy治疗疗法stream小溪

state fair州集市 agriculture 农业农耕 Ticket票grain谷stage舞台 performance执行，行为

阅读理解

快速阅读

快速阅读要边做边涂卡。

大标题为文章主旨

energy crisis 能源危机 mainly主要的 shortage of fossil fuels 石化燃料能源短缺identitykyoto protoco 京都议定书 greenhouse gas温室气体 dollar devalue美元贬值 job hunting找工作 online在线 privacy 隐私 private 私人的 identity身份证estimate估计，估测 over上，过度 overestimate高估

小标题的作用是提示文章有几个部分及每部分内容

选词填空

部分题目有一定难度

1备选单词太多

2有些单词难度高（可考虑放弃一些难度大的题目）

仔细阅读

仔细阅读部分有两篇文章，每篇9分钟时间

四级文章的本体论（ontology）

四级文章的题材

1文科类

（1）现象解释

第一段出现问号，？：提示现像

uniform制服 uni(一）+form（形式）unit单元 unify统一unification统一，（名词)union 联邦，联盟 europeanunion欧盟

unicycle独轮车 cycle循环 bicycle自行车

（1）结论解释型

adopt领养，采取 adapt改变以适应，改编，改写 adapt oneself to改变某人以去适应adapt myself to the new environment我要去适应这个新环境 doubutful怀疑 critical批评的批判的 cautious小心谨慎 supportive支持的文章主题出现方式：议论文两大句

1、首段首句

2、首段转折句

2、理科类

（1）现象解释型

（2）问题方案型

特点：评价为文章主题;方案不完美；评价为客观

文章结构和命题设问方式规律 ：成因 影响 方案 评价

spot 点n 找到，定位vt。

nuclear weapons核武器 suggestion方案erosion.腐蚀，侵蚀(作用)【医学】糜烂，齿质腐损。feasible可行的仔细阅读

关键词

feferee裁判

1不要认为影月阅读插是由于不懂原文，英语阅读考试考查的是基本逻辑思维能力 2常事在英语阅读中也能帮助我们解题

仔细阅读最重要的三项能力：

1、提取信息——在文章中迅速而有效地找到每道题目的题干所针对的部分

2、整合信息——整理合并信息

3、逻辑比较——把题干的关系和原文的关系弄清楚

1、提取信息

这些部分能够帮助我们提取信息：

（1）转折（2)比较（3）因果（4)关键词

2、整合信息

根据不同的题型来对信息进行整合四级常见的题型有

（2）细节题（2）词意题（3）态度题=（4）主旨题（5）推理题（6）例证题（7）实验题

方法论（methodoligy)

1扫描题干关键词

2浏览原文做标记

3逻辑比较得答案

四级写作

考试流程：

8:45 验证入场

9:00 考试开始

9:00-9:10 发答题卡

9:10-9:40 写作9:35发试题册 9:35-9:40 翻译

9:40-9:55 快速阅读

9:55-10:00 收答题卡一快速浏览听力选项 10:00-10:35 听力理解

短对话；长对话，短文听力，复合式听写 10:35-10:05 仔细阅读

10:35-10:45 选词填空10:45-11:05 篇章阅读理解 11:05-11：20 完形填空

写作注意：

书名或杂志名：使用下划线

一遍文章、一首诗、一支歌：使用双引号 应用原文：逗号

一般使用一般现在时

过去时：图标描述 举例论证 将来时：最

检查：时态冠词主谓一致名词单复数

第四篇：新东方四级听力笔记

天上砍木材团队

新东方四级听力笔记

上海新东方四级精品班Tom（徐星海）老师主讲

短对话部分

短对话听力的一些原则

1． 推理原则：一般需对对话进行推理，故直接在对话中听到的一般不是正确答案。2． 挫折原则：通常要办的事情都是不顺利的（如买东西买不到，订房间客满等）3． 男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。

男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家

女生的特征：爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、除数理化外成绩都很好。

4． 父母一般只有一个作用教育子女好好学习

5． 除了父母教育子女外，家里（包括朋友家，阿姨家等等）发生的事情一般是不考的，故遇到地点推测题类似 at home / at Mary’s home之类的选项一般都是不对的。6． 四级听力短对话只考日常生活学习中遇得到事情，问题，故如果选项中出现一些日常生活中不太可能发生或很少发生的事情一般不会是正确选项

短对话十大场景及一般思路

1． 借车：车一般是借不到的

2． 吃：匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，―派‖一般比较好吃

3． 考试：作业、论文一般比较难，或须要熬夜。教授一般比较严厉，选修课较难较多

4． 坐车（飞机、轮船）：一般都需要等 5． 事故（灾难）：光明原则，一般不会死人

6． 听讲座：题目一般是比较有趣丰富的，内容一般是比较复杂难懂的 7． 论文：一般需要修改（polish）或重写（rewrite）

8． 休闲：男生一般喜欢待在家里看TV或者看movie，女生一般喜欢高雅艺术如theater

9． 医院：需要预约make an appointment 10买票：基本上是买不到的 短对话的常见场景

1.学校场景 课程分类

Optional course 选修课 Required course 必修课 Day course 白天的课 Evening course 晚上的课

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经常出现的科目或专业 Chinese 中文 English 英语

mathematic 数学 history 历史 chemistry 化学 Literature 文学 考试

Final exam 期终考试 middle exam 期中考试 make up 补考 test测验

pop test 事先没有说好的测验 quiz 测验 oral test 口试 考试临近

draw on / in sight of / draw nearly 考试延期或取消

delay / be off / defer / hold up / postpone 学校分类

public school 公立学校 private school 私立学校 religious school 教会学校 学校中的人 president 校长 dean 院长 professor 教授 lecturer 讲师

coordinator 管理员 doctor 博士 master 硕士 bachelor 学士

freshman 大一新生 sophomore 大二学生 junior 大三学生 senior 大四学生 图书馆

借书 lend / borrow / check out 参考书 reference book 续借 renew 过期 overdue 还书 return 罚金 fine

/ put off / suspend 天上砍木材团队

attend / have a lecture 上课 cut a class 逃课

miss a class 错过了课 scholarship 荣誉奖学金 assistantship 助教奖学金 teaching assistant 助教 research assistant 助研 semester 学期

2.交通运输场景 fare 车票 licence 驾照

rush hours 高峰时间 traffic jam 交通堵塞 overtake 超车

one way street 单行道 over speed 超速 police officer 交警 ticket 罚单 fine 罚金

fast way / express way / high way 高速公路 motor way 机动车道 super way 飞机机动车道 free way 免费高速公路

交通工具（出现频率从高到低）

plane / train（女）/ bus / bike（女）/ walk（女）（女）：女生比较喜欢 tunnel / channel 隧道 ring road 环线

subway（美）/ underground（英）地铁 metro 地道地铁 underpass人行地道 overhead 轻轨 flyover 人行天桥 mag – lev 磁悬浮 take a taxi 乘出租车

call a taxi 招出租车/订出租车 catch a train / bus 赶火车/汽车 3.电话场景

mobile phone 手机 pay phone 公用电话

telephone box/booth 电话亭 yellow page 黄页

/ taxi 天上砍木材团队

dial（拨电话号码）/ press（按电话号码）extension 分机 operator 总机 put~through 接通

wrong number / there is no one by this name 电话号码错了/ 没有这个人 is not in 不在？be not in hold on 不要挂断，稍等 take/leave a message 留言 hang up / get off 挂断 credit call 记账式电话

bill the call into the 3rd party 免费电话 collect call 对方付费电话

4.机场场景

plane / craft 飞机 book 订票

timetable 时间表 destination 目的地 open ticket one way ticket 单程票 round trip ticket 来回票

non-stop / direct flight 直航

transfer / lay over / stop over 转机

first / business / economy cabin 头等 / 商务 / 经济 舱 confirm the flight 确认航班 check in 登记

boarding card 登机牌 security check 安检 see off 送行 送别时的祝语

keep in touch 保持联系 safe landing 安全着陆 board 登机 take off 起飞 departure 离港

safety / sect belt 安全带 land 着陆 arrival 进港 pick up 接机

5.公司场景

job vacancy 有空缺职位 letter of application 求职信 resume 简历

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resume包括几部分

basic / personal info.基本信息/个人资料 academic background 教育背景 work experience 工作经验 certificates and honours interview 面试 offer 聘用信

work experience 工作经验 work overtime 加班 ask for a raise 加钱 wage 周薪 salary 日薪 bonus奖金 allowance 津贴

annual income 年收入 promotion 升职 fire 解雇 resign 辞职 retire 退休 laid-off 下岗

work / job / career / course 工作 post / position / vocation / title 职务 假期休息的说法（依次是从大到小）holiday 假日，假期 vacation 休假

annual leave 年假 sick leave 病假 rest 休息

break 指喝杯茶、喝杯咖啡的休息 coffee break away 离开一会 公司职位从大到小

chairman of the board

president--general manager—manager – department manager—head – officer – specialist（专员）--clerk

6.租房场景

live on campus 住校 live off campus 住校外 for sale 可销售的房子

for rent / lease 可出租的房子 to let 同上 rent 租金

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utilities 公用事业费 location 位置

suburb / downtown 市郊 / 市中心 condition 住房条件 furnished 配家具 unfurnished 无装修 leaking 漏水 blackout 断电 environment 环境 transportation 交通 land lord 房东

land lady 房东太太 tenant 房客

roommate 室友

好的室友：neat 整洁的 considerate 体贴的，细心的不好的室友：messy / untidy 脏乱的 noisy 吵闹的

7.医院场景

see a doctor 去医院看医生 send for a doctor 让医生出诊

health center / clinic 卫生所 / 门诊部 physician 内科医生 surgeon 外科医生 dentist 牙医

make an appointment 预约 emergency 急诊

check up / exam 检查

cold（感冒）—— flu（流感）—— headache（头痛）—— sore throat（嗓子痛）——

fever（发烧）—— toothache（牙疼）—— stomachache（胃疼）prescribe 开药方 pill / tablet 药片 liquid 喝药水

injection => shot 注射 operation 手术

medical result 诊断结果

8.宾馆场景

make a reservation 预订房间 confirm a reservation 确认预订 cancel a reservation 取消预订 fully booked / full up / full 客满 porter 行旅员

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tips 小费

reception 前台 check in 登记入住 single room 单人房

double room 一张大床的双人房 twin room 两张单人床的双人房 suite 套房

bathroom toilet / w.c closet restroom 厕所

room service 客房服务（四级听力中的客房服务一般只有考一种——送餐）lounge 男士用休息区 lobby 大堂

business center 商务中心 salon 美容厅 ball 舞厅 bar 酒吧

night club 夜总会 check out 退房

9.邮局场景

post / send / mail 寄 letter / mail 信

registered mail 挂号信 regular mail平信 airmail 航空信

parcel / package 包裹 telegram / cable 电报 rate 费率

overweight 超重 postage 邮资 email 电子邮件 reply 回复 forward 转发

cc（carbon copy）抄送

bcc（blind carbon copy）秘密抄送 subject 主题

attach 附件attachment

10.饭店场景 eat out 出去吃 take away 外带 fast food 快餐

book a table 订位子

waiter / waitness 服务员waitress menu 菜单

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order 点菜

appetizer 开胃菜 main course 主食 dessert 餐后甜点 bill 账单

service charge 服务费 change 找零 tips 小费

keep the change 不用找零了

11．其他 closed 关门 open 开门

office hours / business hours / working hours 工作时间，营业时间 关于开关

power on / off 开/关 turn on / off 开/关

switch on / off 开/ 关（这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关）干杯 cheers

propose a toast to bottom up the best book 最好的书圣经 the best thing 最好的事情选择 the last thing 最不愿意做的事情 the last man 最不愿意见的人 best seller 畅销的东西 sell up 卖完，卖光 售罄

sell out卖完，卖光 售罄 / 出卖朋友或原则 sell off 低价处理库存商品 selling machine 自动售货机 selling point 卖点 count the days 渴望

count on = dependent / rely on depend on count in 把……考虑在内 count for nothing 一钱不值 count for little 无足轻重 count for much 举足轻重 count down 倒计时 count up 相加 count up to 共计 关于旅行 travel

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journey 陆上长途旅行 trip 陆上短途旅行 outing 远足 stroll 散步 wander 徘徊 picnic 野餐 camping 野营 tour 周游

cruise 水上短途旅行 voyage 水上长途旅行

关于死亡的说法

没有感情色彩的：die / end up / meat one’s death / decease 褒义的： pass away 贬义的：kick the bucket

关于和别人相处的好的说法

get on with = get along(well)with be in good term with live in peace with 关于强调 point out emphasize lay / put emphasis on give emphasis to 达成协议找到出路 find a way out

reach an agreement reach a consensus 关于―得失‖

gains and losses give and take

关于拜访

drop in / at / over / by stop in / over / by call on sb call at / round sw look in / up pay a visit to pay / make a call to

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关于碰见，偶遇 come across run into bump into happen to meet 关于花钱、花费的词 Take Spend Cost Charge Pay Buy

关于水 water

running / tap ~ 自来水 fresh ~ 活水 still ~ 死水 pure ~ 纯净水 purified ~ 净化水 mineral ~ 矿泉水

be used to do 被用于 be used to dong习惯于

get used to doing 渐渐习惯于 used to do 过去常常

单复数意思不太一样的词 ruin 毁灭 ruins 废墟

authority 权威 authorities 当局 brain 头脑 brains 智力，智慧 custom 风俗习惯 customs 海关

damage 破坏，损坏 damages 赔偿费 ground 地面 土地 grounds 院子，监狱 manner 礼貌 方式 manners 外貌 minute 分钟 minutes 会议记录 paper 纸张 papers 试卷 time 时间 times 时代

关于―调查‖ research survey 市场调查

opinion poll 名义调查民意调查 questionnaire 问卷调查

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investigation 很正式的调查 interview 会见，访谈 belong to 属于 participate in 参加

be engaged in 从事、参加

be involved in 卷入 消磨时间 kill time pass time count one’s thumbs 用完、缺少 run out of be short of

be lack in lack of / in

a little 一点 not a little 很多 a bit 一点 not a bit 一点也没有

短对话中常用单词和句型

1.表示期待、希望、渴望做某事的说法 expect / hope / wish be eager / anxious /dying to look for ward to wait / yean / thirst / long for can not wait counting the days

2.下列词语与―but‖一样含有转折的的意思 actually well really in fact as a matter of fact to tell you the truth

3.表示建议的句型

how about…… 做……如何 I heard about…… 我听说…… If I were you …… 如果我是你……

It seems to me that…… 在我看来似乎……

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Let’s …… shall we ? 让我们……怎么样？ Let us …… will you ? 让我们……怎么样？ Shall I / we ……

What about …… 做……如何

Why don’t you …… 你为什么不…… Why not + 动词原型 为什么不…… Would you like …… 你要……吗？

Wouldn’t …… be better / wiser 做……不是更好吗？ 4.表示同意、附和的句型 I agree with you Exactly

I couldn’t agree with you more / better I think so I can’t wait any minute Believe it or not I will …… if 假如……我就会 It’s my turn 轮到我了 我请客 Why not ? You are right

I guess so 我猜也是 No problem 没问题 Of cause

Out of question 毫无疑问 So do I / me too 我也是

Sure / absolutely / beautiful 当然，很好 Good idea

That sounds really nice 听起来真不错

5.表示询问的句型

Any questions / any thing wrong 有什么问题吗？

Can you give me some ideas 可以给我一些建议吗？ Do you know …… Do you want to……

Do you find any wrong with 你觉得……有什么不对劲吗？ How long will it take 做什么要花多久 I am thinking of …… 我正在考虑做…… I suppose think …… 我猜想……

What’s your plane plan 你的计划是什么？ What happens if …… 如果……怎么办？ What shall we do 我们该怎么做？ 6.表示否定的句型

Actually / as a matter of fact 事实上…… How can you do sth 你怎么可以……

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I can’t afford any disturbance 不要再烦我 I couldn’t agree with you I didn’t men to 我本不打算 I don’t think so

It doesn’t matter 无所谓 I wish …… 但愿……

I’d like to but 我很愿意但是…… I’d love to but I just can’t bear I am afraid not I am sorry but …… is not everything ……不是关键 no bother / why bother 不要麻烦 no , thanks really That’s his opinion To tell you the truth Well , as far as I know

7.表示―不得不‖

have to 表示客观上不得不做某事 must 主观上的必须做某事 be bound to cannot but have no choice but 8.表示―迟到‖ behind time be delayed / overdue behind schedule be late

9.表示―紧张‖ tremble shake all over get one’s tongue tied have one’s mind go blank nervous

10.以下词组听到后意思取反 mean to 想要…… planned to 原计划…… intended to 原打算…… tended to

used to 过去常常……

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11.以下句型要引起重视，重点听取，就算本身不是考点也一定直接引向考点 反意疑问句(……，didn’t you ?)反问句 倒装句

助动词 do / did / does it is …… that / who / when…… 的句型

正确答案的特征

1． 含义肯定的不是正确选项，模糊的是正确选项 意思具体的不是正确选项，概括的是正确选项 意思详细的不是正确选项，抽象的是正确选项 意思肤浅的不是正确选项，深刻的是正确选项 2． 含有一下单词的一般是正确选项

neither / either / also / besides / almost / especially / possibly / probably / likely perhaps / might / may / maybe / could /can / all / none 3． 含有以下三种结构的一般可能是正确选项

系表结构（系动词+标语表语）比较结构（……than……）复合句 4． 含有四级词汇替换项的一般是正确选项

5． 表示―同意或不同意‖，―喜欢或不喜欢‖，―应该或不应该的‖的一般为正确选项 6． 以下三种选项一般其中有一个可能是正确选项 反意项 形似项近似项

7． 同意项不可能是正确选项，等例排除。等立排除 8． 绝对化选项，一般不是正确答案，可直接排除 关于时间推断题 1． 直接听到的不选

2． 极限值即值最大和最小的选项一般不选

关于数字计算题

1． 灾难题（如飞机失事、交通事故）：一般选总和 2． 号码题

double 表示两个，double two =22 triple 表示三个，triple two = 222 凡是遇到一时反映不过来或听不懂的数字一般为―0‖ 3． 价格计算题

打折题discount discount of 10% 表示打9折 此类题目一般选第二大的数字（最大的一般是原价，第二大的一般就是打完折的）

单价题 one / each 此类题目较难也很少考，一般在有倍数关系的一对数字中选小的那个

语段题部分 语段题概述

从文章题材来分：三分之二考说明文，三分之一考记叙文，偶尔也考议论文，新闻报道

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从文章内容来分：二分之一考社科类，三分之一考故事，其他还考自然科学，人物传记

语段题常靠的八种文章

1． 学校题材（剑桥大学等）

重点：学校的地理位置，资金来源，校园环境，师生情况，课程情况，图书馆，课外活动，学校特色

2． 机构介绍（监狱，图书馆等）重点：地点，规模，制度，专业 3． 社会热点

重点：轰动效应，背景（产生的原因），大众观点，作者态度 4． 灾难题（毒品，车祸等）

重点：问题类型，起因，危害，解决方法（尤其是科学家、研究人员提出的事实、观点、方法、结论）5． 新闻题

重点：when where who why which(what)how 6． 人物题

重点：生卒年月、出生地、成就（贡献）、坎坷遭遇、结局 7． 科普题（太阳风等）

重点：物体特征、形成原因、分类、最新研究发现和初步结论 8． 故事

重点：主人公遭遇、变故、主人公做的决定、原因、结局

语段题10大解题原则

1． 听即原则：所听即所得，听到什么就选什么（正好与短对话相反，短对话时听到的一般不选）

2． 重读原则：某单词被反复读到或是在语音上加以重读，因引起重视如果选项中出现很可能是正确答案

3． 顺序原则：出题顺序一般与行文顺序相同除了主题题和部分说明文

4． 主题原则：主题一般出现在段落的头尾部分，所以要集中精力听清前三句话和最后两句话

5． 原因原则：凡出现表示原因，目的的很有可能是考点如：because so as 等词前后要着重听

6． 转则原则：凡出现表示转则的词如：but however yet 等，后面的句子往往是考点，要引起重视

7． 光明原则：事情一般都是向着好的方面发展的，主人公多数是大难不死的，事情总是逢凶化吉，绝处逢生的 8． 男女原则：同短对话

9． 穷学生原则：学生一般都是比较穷的，不能继续学业一般都是因为经济原因，因为穷一般还比较喜欢DIY一些东西

10．偏怪小原则：一般故事总是稀奇古怪的，经过总是曲折离奇的，结局总是出人意料的。宗旨就是意料之外、情理之中 语段题的做提步骤

1． 先预读备选项，从备选项推测文章的体裁和大致内容

2． 更据十大原则和该类文章的重点大致推测考点可能出现的位置

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3． 听语段，尤其抓住标志词，确定考点

4． 听问题，将原文的意思对应选项。确定考点后用原文对应选项 对应选项一般有四种情况按难度依次为 原词复现：选项中的用词和原文完全一样

同义复现：选项中用一个同义词或词组替换原文中的词近义复现：选项与原文意思相近，但换了一种表达方式

反意复现：选项与原文表达正好相反，但意思是一样的如：原文说如果怎样就会怎样，选项说如果不怎么样就会如何。十大类标志词

据研究有90%以上的考点都是由标志词引导活提示的，因此在语段听力中听到下列标志词时要引起高度的重视，集中注意力听清标志词前后的句子。

1． 最高级标志词

形容词、副词最高级、most / chief / primary / main / leading / …… 2． 唯一级标志词

only / unique / prefer / every / one / of all / perfect / …… 3． 因果项标志词

cause / lead to / contribute to / thanks to / owing to / question / answer / why / reason / 其他形式的问句 / …… 4． 转则项关键词

despite / in spite of / instead / while / from ~ to ~ / although ~（yet）~ / not only ~ but also ~ / …… 5． 序数项标志词

所有的序数词（first , second）/ another / the other / next / last / in addition / on the other hand / …… 6． 时间项标志词

when / how / today / as / before / after / since / then / until / …… 7． 解释项标志词

or / namely / in other words / that is / that is to say / …… 8． 目的项标志词 to / for / ……

9． 总结项标志词

all in all / in brief / to conclude / at last / in summary / in short / …… 10．强调项标志词

副词：especially / particularly / almost / always / usually / ……

动词：show / remember / note / notice / say / pronounce / ……

说明文的特点及解题技巧

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说明文的选项特征

1． 选项简洁概括、不完整句子居多，最多有一至二题细节体

2． 选项往往比较抽象，一般以 it / they / man / woman /等抽象名词做主语 3． 选项往往表达因果、目的、手段的小词 如：because / by / to 4． 选项具备科学性、客观性的特点，但选项之间缺乏逻辑关系

说明文的文章特点

1． 文章紧紧围绕一个事物或事件进行描述，深入浅出，要求知其所以然 2． 文章紧扣一个中心事物，着重描写一个熟悉事物的与众不同处

3． 语言平实、简洁、明白，有时会用以下修辞方法：分类法、举例子、做比较、列数字

4． 层次结构清楚，多为总分结构

5． 开篇引题，重点不分明。但以设问开头的说明文除外。

标志词常出现的位置 1． 在每个层次的启承处

判断个层次的启承主要有两种方法一种是听序数项标志词如：on the other hand / another / second等等；第二种是听―气‖即语速，语音，语调有所变化的地方。2． 段落开头、结尾处，前三后二 科技类说明文

重点注意三个―age‖即 advantage 优势 disadvantage 劣势 usage 用途

环境类说明文

重点在于产生环境问题的原因及解决方法 实验类说明文 重点在于：

实验目的、实验手段、实验结果 演讲类说明文 重点在于：

演讲主题、说话人的观点、文章走向 应该重视的原则 听即原则 主题原则 层次原则 原因原则 转折原则

求异原则 注意事物的与众不同处

替换原则 数字，年代等一般需要重新定位

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记叙文的特点及解题技巧

记叙文的内容一般为记叙人物经历，故事、事物发展过程、游记等 记叙文的选项特征

1． 提供大量细节，选项中经常有时间名、地点名、人物名。

2． 选项基本是完整的句子主语常为he / she / the man / the women 3． 选项多位叙述性的句子，比一般说明文来的长 4． 选项符合时间顺序，但没有逻辑关系 记叙文的文章特点

1． 人物简单，事实清楚，中心明确 2． 故事情节相对完整 3． 故事本身无主题无重点

4． 写作方法一般有顺叙和倒叙两种，以顺叙为主倒叙为辅 5． 叙述顺序一般有两种：时间顺序和事务发展顺序 记叙文可能出现的考点 1． 考主题 前三句后两句 2． 考原因 3． 考转折

4． 靠顺序，时间顺序，事物发展顺序

5． 考对话，可在选项旁边适当做笔记如：a选项是tom说的那就在a旁边写个t，反之如果选项是人名，那么就在每个人名边上写下这人说的话中最关键的一词 记叙文解题应该重视的原则

1． 听即原则，尤其重视重读、重读现象 2． 主题原则，段首往往是考点

3． 特别重视三类标志词：因果 转折 时间 4． 光明原则：事情一般都是逢凶化吉的

5． 偏怪小原则：事情结局一般总是出人意料的，如果没听清楚切忌按常理推断，要猜也要猜最偏最怪的那个

新闻稿类型文章的特点及解题思路

新闻稿的选项特点 1． 选项具有时效性 2． 选项具有灾难性 新闻稿的文章特点

1． 文章叙事的结构有两种：金字塔型和倒金字塔型。四级听力语段一般为金字塔型，即最重要的放在最前面，导语引领全文

2． 注重实效性，在原文和选项中都体现出刚发生的感觉，有时还会涉及将来时 3． 内容一般是两大类：天灾，人祸 新闻稿可能出现的考点 1． 考导语即第一句话

2． 靠宾语 即语段中线类似 It is said / reported / pronounces / declared /……/ that …… 这样的句子，那么―that‖后面的句子是极有可能是考点。3． 考查四方面的信息：时间、地点、人物、数字

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4． 考转折 5． 考原因

议论文章的特点及解题思 议论文的选项特征

1． 选项多位概括性的句子 2． 选项有表明观点的作用 3． 选项有内在逻辑关系 议论文文章特点

1． 在三大要素中（论点、论证、论据）论点和论据是文章的重点。论点一般在文章开头，篇尾也会点题

2． 文章通俗易懂，道理浅显，说理的过程叙事化 3． 主题明确，围绕一个论点展开

4． 层次结构清楚，一般为总分总结构。小论点明显，态度鲜明 议论文的常见考点

1． 考论点，中心论点和分论点都是必考的

2． 考问答，文章中出现设问及其回答都是很重要的 3． 考观点：如think……，suppose ……

4． 标志词（最高级标志词，唯一级标志词，原因项标志词，转折项标志词）

复合式听写部分

复合式听写答题顺序及技巧

听之前：pre – listening 1． 对全文进行全局性预览：尤其是第一句（topic）最后一句(conclusion)2． 观察空格前后的特殊现象，判断词性，单复数，时态语态 听之时：while-listening

原则：精听，速记，以听为主，以记为辅。如何速记

1． 省略虚词如：如冠词，助动词等

2． 遇到词组记每个单词首字母如 break down 就记作B D，但一定要自己看得懂的

3． 长单词记前三个字母 如：experience 就记作 exp 4． 符号记忆 如：more than 就记作‖>‖ less than 记作 ―<‖ equal to 记作 ―=‖等等

5． 混合记忆 就是把上面几种方法混合起来用，还可以夹杂中文字等等

6． 随便记忆 如果实在一时想不出是什么词，就用拼音，音标或者读音相近的词先把他记下来。总之就是不管对错，先把大致读音记下来再说，然后等有时间再慢慢研究。

7． 无论采取何种记录方法最重要的原则是记得自己看得懂，待会能很方便的回想和复原出来。不要记得到时候自己也想不起来是什么东西。

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听之后：after – listening 全面检查和补全前面记录下的东西 1． 检查漏词

a 检查漏掉的：介词（in on at ……），冠词（a an the），代词(it this that ……)

b 漏词缀：漏掉单词前缀，漏掉非谓语形式（―ing‖……），漏掉过去时态（最容易出错的是以下四个短语 decided to / surprised to / learned to / started to）2． 检查错词

a 长单词容易发生拼写错误，要仔细检查一遍

b 短单词容易和同音异义词混淆，检查时要和上下文连起来看看意思是不是对 3． 检查大小写

人名 地名 国家名 时间名（月份什么）节日名 书名 文件名 商标名 历史事件名 宗教名首字都要大写 句首单词首字母也要大写

4． 检查名词单复数，形容词、副词比较级最高级，动词事态，语态

关于最后三句话的听写注意事项和技巧

这个三句话一般比较难，要全部听出来有一定难度。但无论如何有两点要避免，1． 把句子写成一个个单词，把没听见的地方位置空出来。这个是绝对不可取的，老师看都不用看肯定扣分。因为这都不是句子嘛！

2． 把句子的内容不断的涂改，搞的卷面非常难看。这个首先给老师的印象就很恶劣，然后如果有一点点错误本来可以扣0.5分，1分什么的，这下就说不定全部扣光了

所以不管对错都要把句子写成貌似像一个句子，要整洁不要涂涂改改，最好还没有语法错误。一般可以有四种做法：

1． 逐字逐句听写（适合比较简单的句子或比较牛的同学）2． 听懂之后写句子大意，无语法错误（适合于比较长的句子）

比较常用的方法是判断这句话表达的是正面的意思还是反面的意思，正面的意思尝试用 it is good / important 之类的句子改写 反面的意思尝试用 it is bad / harmful 之类的句子改写

3． 前后随便抄一句（反正空着也是空着，就随便写一句咯。：P 因为阅卷老师只有答案没有考卷的啦。对是肯定不对的但总比空着强）

4． 呵呵，连随便抄抄这种方法也讲了，还剩下什么呢？这个我就不说了，估计大多数人也是不会用地说 ：）

反正做复合式听写不管听得如何最重要的就是死也不能空着！因为阅卷老师一天要改几百份卷子，空着太醒目了一看就是扣分，而且给老师的第一印象就是这个同学水平很差然后说不定就没兴趣看了。单词实在不会拼，千万不要空着，如有一两个字母吃不准可以写的花一点即像这个又像那个。如果完全不会拼就随便按照发音规则拼一个貌似的单词。句子么前面已经说过了一定要写得貌似一个完整的句子。反正错了是理所当然的因为本来就不对，没什么好后悔，but(强转折)万一阅卷的老师眼神不好算你对了，那是就检了便宜了啦。

最后说几点注意事项

1． 切忌拿到考卷就去翻看作文题，因为那样会打乱你正常的思路，或不知不觉开始构思或造成不必要的紧张，而这都势必会严重影响你听力的效果。作文最后

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有专门整块的时间可以构思和写作，完全没有必要这样迫不及待。

2． 拿到考卷后除了填准考证什么的就因马上把思想集中在听力部分，因为这是考试中唯一只有一次机会的题目。机不可失，失不再来。

3． 预读选项应该从最后一篇文章往前读，因为section b 的 direction 很较短且选项难度也较大，所以很可能会来不及读的。所以尤其是后两篇文章的选项一定要先读，第一篇实在来不及还可以在direction时读。但在预读选项时，耳朵一定要注意听 当听到section a 的 direction 读到中间有个―therefore‖这个单词时（这个单词在那个例子讲完后一点），无论看到哪里都马上停下来回到section a 读第一题的四个选项。因为―therefore‖这个单词到第一题开始正好是10秒，而后面每一题的间隔也正好是10秒。大家一定要让自己适应在10秒内读完四个选项，要知道如果来不及的话也就意味着后面的题目你统统都来不及，因为后面的10秒还要去除答前面一题的时间呢。

4． 答题的时间一般最长不要超过4秒至少要留6秒时间给下一道题的预读。前6秒答题，后8秒预读下一题选项。超过4秒还选不出答案的要么就随便选，要么就记下点什么待会再选。而且事实证明在4秒钟之内不能选出答案的，就算选了错误的几率也是非常大的。所以千万不要拼命狂想，否则后面的就是多米诺骨牌式的效应了。

5． 考前注意休息，营养均衡，早餐定时定量。

6． 强烈建议考试当天早上不要看什么单词书，也不要听什么听力，也不要背什么作文。因为对于绝大多数的同学而言，到了这时候再看这些已经不会有什么太大的作用反而只会莫名其妙的增加自己紧张和不安的情绪，而这对于考试绝对是不利的。

7． 对于少部分考试慢热型但心理素质又很好的同学早上也可以随便拿一套听得很熟得真题来听听，但就算要听也一定要听平时听得滚瓜烂熟的千万不要找陌生的来听。（不太推荐）这不是我说的。

8． 古人云，不战而屈人之兵，很大程度上取决于心理因素。所以不要给自己任何负面的心理暗示，早上起来大声地告诉自己我这次一定可以过的，我很强的。然后可以听一些轻音乐之类的舒缓自己紧张的情绪。

再次万分的感谢tom老师的讲课

[原创]四级听力之——如何备战四级听力

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如何备战四级听力（国内部徐星海）引子

如何有效备战四级听力？如何在短时间内大幅提高自身水平？随着十二月份的四级考试的临近，越来越多的考生面临着这样的一个尴尬局面：有时间的时候，忽视了日积月累的复习；而意识到复习的重要性的时候，时间又非常紧迫了。古人云，―不战而屈人之兵‖，意思就是在打仗之前，就已经通过各种各样的非战争因素赢得了战争，胜败已见分晓。同样的，我们四级的考生也一定要赢在起跑线上：建立起正确的迎考态度，按照正确的复习方法和节奏，有条不紊地进行系统的复习工作。心理准备

首先我们必须明确：冰冻三尺，非一日之寒；英语学习是一个长期积累的过程，短期的突击无异于舍本逐末、杯水车薪。然而，这并不意味着我们不能够通过掌握考试规律来调整我们的临考状态、提高我们的应考能力。本文目的就是与广大考生共同分享如何利用应试规律、最大限度地发挥同学们的四级听力水平的。当然，我们还是需要反复强调：英语水平是不可能在短时间内有实质性飞跃的，尽管，考生的应试水平可以通过科学的方法有效地提高。

想要在四级考场中最大程度发挥潜能、取得完胜，考生首先要在心理上取得优势。不仅是对于初次考级的新考生，对于老考生来说，四级的成败很大程度上取决于心理因素。心理上，我们必须戒骄戒躁，排除任何杂念，越是临近考试，就越是要冷静执着，坚韧不拔。考生的心中只需要有一个信念：两个月，我只要两个月复习四级就绰绰有余了，我一定能够毕其功于一役！

同时，我们必须有这样的心理准备：随着四、六级考试改革的深入，会有更多，更新，更难的题目，包括听力题目和题型出现。有了这样的思想准备，一旦出现某种没有预料到的题型，或者是某些罕见的知识点，就反而迎合了我们打硬仗的心理准备。我们就能够真正地在战略上轻视四级考试，在战术上重视四级考试。表现出我不入地狱、谁入地狱的气概。

当然，我们花了大量的时间和精力来复习英语、准备考试肯定不是为收集准考证而来的。所以，一旦在考场中出现一些意想不到的意外情况，我们能够、也必须有处惊不变的能力，及时调整考试心态、从容不迫地应答。须知，四级考试是标准化考试，对于每个考生而言，都是公平的。事实上，历史经验证明：题目要求越是高，难度越是大，考生的发挥余地也就越大。挑战和机遇是正相关的。实战准备

毫无疑问，一个考生的应试水平，其实，也是基于一定的英语基础之上的。所谓弱不受补，任何的技巧和方法都或多或少地需要对于英语有比较基本而扎实的掌握。所以，想要尽快提高自己的应试水平，首先就是要尽快提高自己的英语水平。当然，既然考生的目标非常明确、而且只有一个：四级，那么就应该把有限的时间和精力投入到无限的为四级而准备的工作中去。虽然，同样是测试一个考生的英语语言运用能力，但是国外有雅思考试、托福考试，国内有专业四、八级，大学四、六级等等，她们的考试目的，手段，和评价体系都不尽相同。由此可见，复习四级的最好方法，不过六个字：真题！真题！真题！！可以说，真题的重要性在任何考试中都到了无可复加的地步。只有真题才能够体现出考试的所有特点，四级考试当然也不例外。达成了这个共识，我们就需要解决另外一个问题：如何有效地利用有限的真题。

据统计，保留完整的四级真题不超过三十套，所以，真题的资源是非常有限，甚

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至是稀缺的。所以，做真题，不仅仅是一个做题的过程，而且是一个做精做透，精益求精，不断提高的过程。那么怎么样才能在听真题的时候达到以上的要求呢？根据听真题的不同层次，基本上，可以把听题分为以下五个阶段： 1． 初听

众所周知，听真题时的第一感觉是无法取代的。第一次听题，是对考生听力的一次全新考验，所以，大部分考生也非常重视测分。但是由于太重视分数，往往刚听完一个部分就开始对答案，甚至每听一题就对一题的答案。应该说，这样的做法首先干扰了正常的做题程序，而且使考生养成依赖答案的习惯，最后也很难达到预期的做题效果，毕竟，在考场里，考生听题必须一气呵成，在整整二十分钟时间里，根本没有机会休息，更不用说对答案了。所以，第一次听题，最好能够模拟考场的情况，制造考场的气氛，甚至对自己施加一些临考的压力，这样才能够达到理想的听题效果。即使是有个别题目不确定或者没有听清，也必须强迫自己至少在整套真题听完以后再对答案（而不是对照原文），然后再着手寻找问题。2． 听写

在第一遍听题结束以后，考生往往会碰到以下两种情况：一．发觉有些自己犹豫不决的题目猜对了；二．发觉有些犹豫不决的题目改错了。对于这两种情况，考生必须有一个清醒的认识：其实这些题目就像比赛中的机会球一样，做对与否几乎完全取决于运气。所有，无论对错，都应该引起考生的高度重视。另外两种容易被忽略的现象是：一．考生可以在第一次就把握住题目的大意，因此可以比较轻松地把题目答对；二．考生无论如何努力地试图去听也无法把原文中的信息通过听力的手段解构。对于第一种现象，考生必须防止一知半解（只知其一，不知其二），或者是自欺欺人（以为自己完全懂了，其实有些地方根本就没有听到，没有听出来，或者是没有听懂）。而对于第二种现象，有些考生往往就急于求成，在第一时间就翻开原文进行对比研究。这些情况，都是广大考生必须避免的。刚才已经说过，真题的资源是非常稀缺的，因此，在初听之后，考生需要开始一个漫长的细嚼慢咽的消化过程。这个过程，就是做听写练习，不厌其烦地对自己所做的每一道真题进行听写练习，无论对错。这样一来，本来没有暴露出来的问题自然而然也就暴露出来了，本来已经暴露出来的问题则被具体化地落实到了词、词组、和短语等语言基本单位上。如此一来，清者自清、浊者自浊，考生可以从一个非常客观的角度全面审视自己现有的听力水平。3． 整理

当找到自身存在的隐含或者是具体的问题之后，考生就可以开始归纳整理自己在听写中所反映出来的问题了。一般，每个考生的情况不同，因此问题也因人而异。不过有一点可以肯定，如果是小对话题，那么问题基本上可以从单词、词组、口语表达方式、场景及其相关语境词、句型结构、时态、语态语体、和语音语调等几方面进行归类；如果是语段题，那么问题基本上可以从词组、句型结构、语段语篇结构、文章体裁、考点分布、和标志词等几方面来进行归类；而如果是复合式听写，那么问题基本上可以从漏词、错词、大小写、时态语态、数、同音近音词、细节把握、语言归纳整理能力、和句型结构的掌握等几方面来进行归类。通过比较系统地归纳和整理自身暴露出来的问题，考生可以比较一目了然地发觉自身的薄弱环节所在，因此也就有了对症下药的科学依据。而且，考生往往会发觉，由于听力是一门综合性的科目，所以，所谓听力问题，大多数情况下，不仅仅是由于―听力‖出了问题，而且还因为词汇量限制、句型掌握不稳固、语法知识不系统、语言功能掌握不全面、语段语篇理解不透彻等等其它―非听力‖因素而出现障碍。这

天上砍木材团队

样，就要求广大考生能够从自身具体情况出发，结合各种工具书，针对自己的薄弱环节各个击破。4． 跟读

通过以上方法，基本上，考生可以把诗外的功夫做到位，但是如果同学发现自己有些结构看到了就懂了，可是听起来还是很吃力，那又应该怎么办呢？理论上，这是由于考生的视觉和听觉脱钩的关系。也就是说，考生的对于真题的敏感性还没有在听觉这个层次上建立起来。如果说其它部分还可以蒙混过关，那么这对于听力来说就是一个巨大的灾难了。除了极个别题目可以通过选项特征进行判断以外，其它听不懂的题目一般情况下都会牺牲掉，毕竟，四级真题越来越成熟、越来越科学、越来越系统，真题中的迷惑项也随之越来越难以辨别。既然问题是出在―听觉‖上，那么最好的方式就是通过纠正语音来解决问题了。显而易见，听说本为一家，如果考生单纯―听力‖出现问题，那么一般―口语‖也不尽如人意，而考生如果口语水平不俗，那么一般听力也不会差。须知，练习口语和提高听力本身就是个辩证统一的关系，两者紧密联系、相辅相成。对于进入冲刺阶段的考生来说，练习听力，需要不急不徐、戒骄戒躁，既没有时间，不能够从最基本的音标或者是漫无目的地找口语材料进行练习，也不能够急功近利，妄图通过一两次突击就大功告成。实际上，只要有心，考生不难发现：完完整整、踏踏实实地对照听力原文，跟读真题听力磁带五至六遍以后，再回过头来听题，感觉就不可同日而语了。在跟读的过程中，考生切忌贪多，一定要在他人、录音机、复读机、或者其它设备的帮助下纠正自己不良的吐字发音习惯，有条件的话，最好是亲自对照自己的读音和真题读音之间的差别，这样才能够尽快突破语音关，为听力考试打通最后一道关。如果时间允许，考生还需要重点跟读自己在听写练习中暴露出的问题单词、问题句型、或者问题语段结构，在纠正语音的过程中，强化自己的复习成果。5． 背诵

最后的一个阶段，也是最高境界，就是能够对真题了如指掌，做到绘声绘色、惟妙惟肖地模仿，甚至是倒背如流。我们很多教授听力的老师，通过长期的教学实践，已经达到了这个层次，从而对于真题才有不同凡响的见解和分析。不难看出，对于真题越是熟悉的人，无论是考生还是老师，都能够很好地把握听题节奏、做题方法、猜题技巧、从而达到―猛、准、狠‖的最高境界。我们在课上讲授的绝大多数技巧、场景、原则、关键词、特殊句型、甚至是答题的感觉都是以大量背诵作为基础的。一般地说，一个考生只要能够达到背诵考点的水平（与全文背诵相比较还是相对容易的），就可以轻松应付四级听力考试了。毕竟，四级听力考试所能够测试的知识点和考点范围有限，考生一旦能够对所有测试点如数家珍，那么考试本身已经不成为问题了，因为，这时候的考生已经突破了应付考试的层次，真正达到了提升英语水平的阶段了。这听起来似乎遥不可及，其实不然。考生在有一定语感的基础上，通过可以诵读五、六遍就已经能够对测试点有一个基本印象了，然后根据艾宾浩斯的记忆曲线，连续记忆三天就可以过关了。到时候，考生再回首看自己曾经做过的卷子、错过的题，不禁会扼腕痛惜：这种程度的题目我也会做错？ 其它准备

在了解了听真题的各个阶段以后，考生还需要把握复习的节奏。一般，由于四级听力资源的匮乏，考生如果在考试前有充裕的时间复习，那么应该在保证质量的前提下完成复习任务。每个星期的做题量应该控制在一至两套之间，力求听一套、天上砍木材团队

记一套、看一套、读一套、背一套，套套入心。直到考试前一个月才开始真正发力，使自己渐渐进入临考状态，一般以一天一套为宜。如果考生发现自己在听力的A部分或者B部分的后半段明显答题正确率下降，那么就表明：考生在体力方面的准备仍然不充分。那么，考生应该结合自身情况在保证休息的前提下，适当加大听题力度，进行超负荷训练，提高自己考试听力的耐力水平。

然后，我们需要一个切实可行的详细到每一天的复习计划。虽然每个考生的情况不同，本身水平，备考时间，心理期待都有所差异，但是，有一点是共同的：在最后的两个月里，挑战极限、追求卓越，即使是面对绝望，也要在绝望中寻找希望！

其次，也是更为重要的一点，就是要步步为营、一步一个脚印地合理安排备考时间，实施这个计划。一般情况下，我们认为，一天24小时中，有6个小时是英语考级听力的黄金复习时间。这6个小时分别在早8点到10点，中午12点到14点，晚上20点到22点。

一日之际在于晨，拥有清晨日出的人，就拥有一天的阳光。在早晨宝贵的时间里，由于没有前摄抑制，我们记忆能力将达到的高峰时期。而且，作为四级考试的第一部分，听力恰在9点至10点的时间进行答题。在早晨的时间段进行考级听力练习可以达到记忆和调整生物钟的双重功效，可谓事半功倍。

而中午则是大多数同学休息的时候，这段时间里，我们的注意力很难集中。如果在这段时间里进行考级听力练习，其实是对一个考生体力的考验。当然，我们不提倡通宵达旦的题海战术，只是要求广大考生做好打疲劳战的准备。因为考试时由于心理紧张，会加速人体的疲劳，所以，我们必须强迫自己适应在最艰苦的条件下连续作战。然而，考前的休息也异常重要，所以，我们就牺牲中午休息的时间，做一些高强度的训练。

到了晚上则更不待言，很多考生的大部分复习时间就是在晚上白白流逝的。其实晚上的时间没有后摄抑制，也是人的记忆高峰。与其进行其它的娱乐休闲活动，或者背单词背到走神，不如强迫自己反复聆听四级真题、做听写练习，使自己对各种题型、各种考点了如指掌、倒背如流。

其实，在考试迫在眉睫的时候，同学们往往容易进入一种混乱的临考状态。这种状态比较突出的表现是日夜颠倒，该休息的时候睡不着、夜不能寐，可是一拿起书就昏昏欲睡、欲罢不能。尤其是在专业课和全国四、六级考试纷至沓来的时候，很多同学更是发扬连续作战的精神，通宵达旦，头悬樑、锥刺骨，结果影响了正常的作息，反而使自己陷于被动，很难正常发挥。这对于像四、六级考试这样的高强度考试而言是有百害而无一益的。道理很简单，四、六级考试对于一个学生来说，不仅是一次英语水平的综合测试，也是一种意志力、甚至是体力的考验。没有良好的休息作为后盾，考生很难笑到最后。所以，保证充足的睡眠是最基本也是首要的应试技巧。

尤其是在考试最后一天，没有充足的睡眠，考生在考场里很容易出现幻听、重听等现象，严重影响听力考试的技战术水平发挥。须知，听力考试是四级考试中唯一的只有一次答题机会的题型，错过任何一个字都不可能重来。而遗失任何一个考点就等于把考生推上绝路，不仅对本题解答会产生不良影响，更可能引起心理暗示的连锁反应，打乱考生考试节奏，引发多米诺股牌效应，从而棋错一招、满盘皆输。

最后，营养的摄入在最后关头也是异常重要的一环。在保证充分睡眠的同时，食物是另一个―工夫在诗外‖的非考试因素。尤其是参加四级考试的同学，早餐一定要

天上砍木材团队

定时定量，不可或缺。一般来说，类似奶酪酥这样的奶制品外加一杯热牛奶或者热巧克力已经足以提供整个半天考试所需的热量。当然，这也因人而异。对于内火较旺的同学来说，红枣莲心汤就是更好的选择了。有些体质虚弱的同学也可以考虑服用一些如西洋参、鸡精、保健饮料这样的营养品。不过，安眠药或者兴奋剂等有副作用的药物一定要慎用，否则过犹不及。总结

我们说在两个月内完成四级的考级任务并不仅仅是空洞的技巧和捷径，因为任何的技巧都需要一定的积累作为基础，而任何的捷径只是一条比较近的路而已，都是由人走出来的。所以，我们一方面需要放松心态、轻装上阵；另一方面又需要脚踏实地、苦干加巧干。

在具体的复习过程中，我们首先应该对自己有一个基本的认识，也就是说，要了解自己的水平怎么样。当然，如果至今都没有完整地做过任何一套四级真题的同学是不知道自己的水平以大学英语四级的标准来衡量到底达到什么程度的。所以，从这两个月里的第1天起，我们就必须开始做题。每天只需要做一至两套，但是务必做精做透。

这样做，唯一的好处就在于通过试着完整地做历年四级真题，考生就能够找出自己在四级标准下的薄弱环节。找到了这样的薄弱环节，就可以进行有针对性的强化练习，填补自己在知识结构上的漏洞。由于听力考试是一门综合性的考试，考察的不仅是学生的听能，更是学生在词汇，阅读，归纳分析等等方面的综合能力，所以，在听力上有问题的同学，往往问题不仅仅在听能上，他其它部分的答题通常也是差强人意的。但是如果我们能够通过听力找到自己在整个英语体系中体现出来的问题，不管是发音、词汇、语法、还是阅读能力，那么就可以达到一箭双雕的效果了。

当然，四级考级复习是一个庞大而系统的过程。在这个过程中还要注意的一个要点就是要将任务大而化小，小而化了。反复练习考试听力时，不要以整套真题、整个部分、或者整个语段为单位，而是应该以最小的单位进行反复的复习。小对话题至少划分到每一题，语段题至少划分到每一段，而听写题则最好划分到每一句。这样不仅使需要解决的问题变得很明确，而且容易使考生在复习过程中有掌握一个新的知识点或者考点的成就感。

具体的复习过程中，考生要不忘加强基础的训练。把听力原文中有限的生词、词组、语法现象（如常考的虚拟语气，省略，重要时态等）、句型（如建议类句型，附和句型与否定句型等）以及场景都尽可能详尽地掌握。如果连看着原文都不能够弄懂，那么要把原文听懂就更加无法想象了。虽然，自然状态下，人们学习语言是由听力首先入手的，但是作为第二语习得，我们对学习英语大多从阅读开始的，所以如果连阅读也不能够达到四级听力的要求，提高听力水平只能够是空中楼阁、空谈而已。因此，正确的顺序应该是首先利用听力材料练习听力，在无法听懂的情况下对照原文，如果还是不懂，那么就参考译文。接下来，在书面认知的基础上，再循环地进行听力练习。基础不牢、地动山摇，没有扎实的英语功底是绝对不会有听力这个上层建筑的。空着手上战场，只会在痛苦中被消灭的！具体的复习过程中，考生还要克服语音障碍，在实践中加强对单词的语音敏感度的练习。大多数考生记忆单词过程实际上是手眼并用的过程，往往容易忽略对于耳朵的刺激。所以，很多考生反映当看到时觉得异常简单非常亲切，可是听到时就完全不同了。是的，仅凭视觉和触觉记忆，而没有足够的语音信息的输入，加上对不同的语音系统准备不足，会轻而易举地导致熟悉的单词一旦从磁带中放出

天上砍木材团队

来就完全是判若两词的感觉。现在，如果考生再去购买配备磁带的词汇书，跟读、做听写固然有效，可是效果非常有限，原因就在于你已经没有时间再单独地进行语音输入练习了。目前，唯一可行的方法就是反复听真题。这样一来，既能够在有限的时间里克服语音输入的障碍，又能够熟悉四级考题，可谓一举两得。当然，在听音的过程中还必须注意英美音的发音现象。刚才说过，四级是一个混合的语音系统，这就要求所有考生对于不同发音有很快的反应，迅速在两种语音之间自由切换。接下来，我们还需要注意两种比较常考的语音现象：连读和失爆。当然，特殊的语音现象绝对不止两种，可是就像马泰效应所提出的―贫者愈贫、富者愈富‖的理论一样，考过的语音现象总是一而再、再而三地成为考点。仅以连读为例，full up /ful`(p/，office hours /%fi`sau*s/这样的连读已经在四级考卷中屡见不鲜，成为必考的知识点。

具体的复习过程中，考生也需要扩大自己的阅读面。综上所述，今年来的语段和听写题频繁涉及一些自然科学技术的发展以及社会科学中的话题。无论是环境保护、自然生物知识、英美国家人文知识、大学机构介绍、特色服务、还是社会问题等内容都能够在四级听力的试题中有所体现。这样，就要求广大考生对于社会生活的方方面面有一些基本的关注和了解，这种平时的积累有助于迅速熟悉甚至预测听力语段的主题和走向，帮助考生轻松理解原文，根据自己日积月累的常识，对于某些常识题进行预先的判断。这对于考生临场发挥、提高解题自信心相当有帮助。

鲁迅先生说过，世界上本没有路，走的人多了也就成了路。我们要善于在学习实践中发现、总结和运用规律，这样才能够在复习迎考的过程中事半功倍，百尺竿头、更进一步。路漫漫其修远兮，愿以此文抛砖引玉。

第五篇：新东方四级听力笔记

新东方四级听力笔记（非常完整版）

（一）资料的选择：

1、听力原题

2、TOEFL的听力

3、《走遍美国》、《探索》、《国家地理》

听力结构：

Section A：10个短对话

Section B：3个段子；复合式听写（很少考）

类型题：

比如：Would you go to dance with me tonight?去不去干……

回答Yes/No.以及理由。

Would you go with us? Would you join us?

Would you go with me? Do you wanna come?

Wanna come?

应试听力提高的三个层次：

1、听懂原文

2、搞清考题之间的类型关系

3、判断出是什么考题

听力遇到的问题：

一、语音问题：

连读：跟读提高口语，考试时不太重要，注意听重读。

二、态度方向：

测试：I'm upset.× I'm overjoyed.√

I'm beside myself with joy.√ I'm in the blues.×

I feel high today.√ I feel down recently.×

三、口语话问题：

语气（升降调、重读）

例句：Something just hit the front window.What?（什么东西呀？你说什么（没听清）？惊奇，生气。）

例句：He was my boyfriend.考校园生活： 学生：异性（同学关系）、同性（室友关系）

口语词汇

tape 胶带（邮局场景）cassette 磁带

project 作业 =assignment awful 糟糕的

terrific 特棒的 awesome 特棒的

I see.我明白。

I can tell that.我能看得出。I understand that.我听说。

I have got...我有…… have to = have got to(gotta)

be going to = be gonna want to = wanna

tell him I'll take this book.表示买

I won't buy that.我不信。buy=believe

四、场景问题：

1、如何出考题

2、如何判断场景（场景线索词）

例如：book（校内：Libary；校外：bookstore）

textbook, dictionary, magzine, reference book, bibliography

manager, order--bookstore

解题思路：

比如：traffic: traffic jam car: break down

六次课安排：

But题型，三个解题思路（1）场景题（2、3）

段子题、替换题（4、5）复合式听写、实战考题（6）Section A

But题型(3-4个题目）：

but前的话没用，but是关键，but后面的句子是正确选项。

例题：P25-5-Test 1-P100

A)He has some work to do.B)The woman is going to do that.C)His boss is coming to see him.D)He doesn‟t feel like eating any bread today.W: I wonder if you have time to go to the food store today.We have almost run out of bread.M: You‟ d better do that.I haven‟t got my report ready yet, but my boss needs it tomorrow.Q: Why isn‟t the man going to do the shopping?

注：1.第二人的回答都是充满了遗憾。

2.run out of 用完，没有

boor 土人，粗野的人（GRE词汇）

生活中常用的动词非常简单：

take make go win let have

口语中常用短语：

1.mess 脏乱

His dormitory is in a big mess.2.meet = come across = run into = bang into 遇见。

happen to meet 恰巧碰到

3.与动词搭配使用最多的是out，因为out代表一种极端的状态，很彻底。

run out of 用完了

check out 借书；办理出院手续；彻底检查；退房（check in 开房）；结帐离开

wear out 穿破

be worn out（物）破旧；（人）疲惫

make out 辨认出

figure out 想清楚，弄明白

She has a figure that kills.身材很棒。

She has a face that kills.长得非常漂亮

work out 想清楚，弄明白，解决问题；（gym场景）拼命锻炼

help out 帮个大忙

find out 打听，查明真相

dine out 外出吃饭，下馆子

cafeteria 饭堂，自助餐厅【学校的饭菜不好吃】

cook out 在外野餐

hang out 闲逛

turn out(to be)事实证明

[P25-8]

A)He can‟t find his new apartment.B)He had a bigger apartment before.C)He finds the new apartment too big for him.D)He‟s having a hard time finding an apartment.W: How do you find your new apartment?

M: Well, it‟s quite nice really, although I have a hard time getting used to living in a big place.Q: What is the man‟s problem?

注： 1.dormitory 宿舍

apartment 公寓

laboratory

secretary

房子难找；房租贵；房太吵

2.How do you find...= How do you like...3.be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 选项中找be accustomed to doing sth.或adapt

used to do sth 过去常常 选项中找 was always 或找否定句+now

[P28-6]

A)He meant she should make a phone call if anything went wrong.B)He meant for her just to wait till help came.C)He was afraid something would go wrong with her car.D)He promised to give her help himself.W: Could you tell me what I should do if my car breaks down?

M: Well, I'm sure you won't have any trouble, Mrs.Smith, but if something should happen, just call this number.They'll see that you get help.Q: What does the man really mean?

注：谈论车的最大话题一定是坏掉 break down。

[P28-8]

A)He has edited three books.B)He has bought the wrong book.C)He has lost half of his money.D)He has found the book that will be used.M: Hey, Louise, I've got a used copy of our chemistry textbook for half price.W: I'm afraid you wasted your money, yours is the first edition, but we're supposed to be using the third edition.Q: What has the man done?

注：used book 二手书，旧书

对话发生的时间一般是开学或期末。

开学：orientation 新生培训 freshman/ fresher 大一新生

sophomore 大二 junior 大三 senior 大四

期末：考试、突击熬夜、失眠、吃药、抢救

[P30-1]

A)She wants to return the skirt her husband bought.B)She wants to buy another skirt.C)She wants to change the yellow skirt for a blue one.D)She wants to change the blue skirt for a yellow one.M: Now, what's your problem, Madam?

W: Oh, yes.My husband bought this yellow skirt here yesterday.It is very nice, but it's not the colour I want.Have you got any blue ones?

Q: What does the woman want to do?

注：1.蓝色情节

blue 服装最喜欢的颜色

dark blue 深蓝

light blue 浅蓝

navy blue 海军蓝

navy 常用这个词表示蓝色

pink 红色习惯用这个词表示

2.羊毛情节wool

down jacket 羽绒服

[P33-5]

A)It's too windy.B)The people there are terrible.C)The air is polluted.D)The beaches are dirty.W: The place I've heard so much about is Los Angeles.The climate is pretty good.Year-round flowers, year-round swimming.How do you like it?

M: Well, the beaches are beautiful.But the people there are terribly annoyed by the dirty air.I mean, the combination of fog, smoke and automobile exhaust.There is not enough wind to blow it away.Q: What does the man think of Los Angeles?

注：选项B不可能为正确选项。[P36-4]

A)The apartment is better furnished.B)She prefers to live in a quiet place.C)It's less expensive to live in an apartment.D)She finds her roommates difficult to get along with.M: I hear you are moving to an apartment.Can you tell me why?

W: Actually, I didn‟t want to move.It would be more expensive to live outside the college.But I just can‟t bear the noise made by the people living next door.Q: Why does the woman want to move?

住房场景：

1、房难找

2、房租太贵

3、房太吵

注：1.口语中现在进行时表将要

2.must 表猜测

have got to do 表应该，必须

[P36-7]

A)He didn't buy anything.B)He got some medicine for his foot.C)He was sick and couldn't go shopping.D)He bought everything except the football.W: Did you go shopping this afternoon?

M: Yes, but all I got was a sore foot.Q: What does the man mean?

注：sore foot 脚疼

sore throat 嗓子疼

[P36-9]

A)She didn't know her daughter could sing so well.B)She sings better than her daughter.C)She doesn't like her daughter.D)She herself doesn't have a good voice.M: I heard your daughter sing at the school concert last night.She has a lovely voice, I must say.W: Thank you, but I don‟t know where she gets it.Q: What does the woman probably mean?

[P36-10]

A)He finds history books difficult to understand.B)He has to read a lot of history books.C)He doesn't like the history course.D)He has lost his history book.W: Why are you so tired and upset?

M: I‟ve been taking the history course this term.But the trouble is that I‟ll never get through the reading list.Q: Why is the man worried?

作业：

1.paper 论文；newspaper 报纸；文件；纸

research 查询资料（library)

2.presentation 口头报告 = report, speech, address

着装正式；心里感受nervous

interview 面试（也需正式着装）

3.reading assignment 阅读作业

reading list 读书清单

对作业的评价一定是抱怨

写论文的步骤：

1、选题

2、查资料

3、打印

充满遗憾：

谈论交通--堵车；谈论车--坏掉；谈论买票--卖光；谈论接人--晚点；谈论野餐--下雨

写论文的困难：

1、题目难选

2、资料难查

3、打字困难（机房总被占）

typewriter（break down 坏了；ribbon 色带）, printer, laser printer, laptop，三个基本思路：

一、学习话题：学几门课，课程难不难，课的进展，考试如何，作业如何，老师怎样，实验课怎样，图书馆怎样……

回答：基本上都是抱怨

二、生活话题：穷，省钱，购物一定要bargain，带学生证，例如：1.I want to make a long distance call.When is the best time?

例如：2.Maybe I ought to subscribe to the journal.捐献；定购订阅。

Why don't you save the money and read it in the library?

例如：3.A)To wear a heavy sweater to the game.B)To postpone the game.C)To change tickets.D)To watch the game at home.三、混合话题，但忙于学习。

场景题：

选项的特点：

1.地点；2.to do表目的；3.-ing；4.A and B结构，人物关系

提问特点：

What, Where, When, Who

总结重点：

出题思路

判断场景的线索词

例如：fine 罚款（校外交通；校内图书馆）

cashier 出纳（各个场景）

teller（银行）出纳员 ATM(Automatic Teller Machine)自动提款机

[P24-1]

A)He is still being treated in the hospital.B)He has had an operation.C)He‟ll rest at home for another two weeks.D)He returned to work last week.M: How is your father, Mary? The last time I came to see you, you were about to take him to the hospital.W: He came home last week.The operation was very successful.The doctor said he‟ d almost recovered and could go back to work next week.Q: What did the woman say about her father?

注：be about to do 正要做某事

医院场景：

1、医生难找

2、病情如何

3、有病耽误课 miss the class

缺课的原因：

1、生病 get ill

2、睡过头 over sleep

3、traffic（车坏了，或者交通的问题）

医院的线索词：

operation 手术

infirmary（校内）医务室；cafeteria 饭堂；tuition 学费

treat, treatment 治疗（过程）

cure 治愈（结果）

[study, learn;search, find;try, manage]

clinic 诊所

ward 病房

student health center 学生健康中心

medical center 医疗中心

prescribe 开处方；preview 预习；interview 面试；international 国际的

fill the prescription 抓药

refill the prescription 再抓药

check out 办理出院手续

emergency department 急诊室

[P24-3]

A)To meet Tom Wang.B)To work in his office.C)To go to hospital.D)To attend a meeting.M: This is Tom Wang speaking.Could you tell me Mr.Smith‟s schedule for tomorrow? I would like to meet him at his convenience.W: Let me see.He‟ll go to see his doctor at 8, and chair a meeting at 10 in the morning.Well, he will be in the office the whole afternoon.Q: What does Mr.Smith plan to do at 10 o‟clock tomorrow morning?

注：chair 主持

打电话场景：

1、约人肯定约不到 make an appointment（约医生）

2、约会去不了

come up 突然来临

reschedule 重新安排时间

fit me in 安排

3、电话打不通，打错电话

run out of coin 硬币用光 cut off 通话被中断

hang up 挂断电话

receiver 听筒

hook 挂钩

telephone book 电话簿

yellow pages 电话簿

yellow press 色情出版物

dial the number 打电话

打电话步骤：

look up the number in the telephone;

pick up the receiver;

drop the coins in the slot 投币孔;

dial the number you wanted.[P25-4]

A)She was afraid she might be kept too late.B)She would have something more important to do.C)She had to meet a friend of hers.D)She was not in the mood to attend the party.W: Hello, Steve.This is Susan.I‟m afraid I won‟t be able to come to the party.I was justasked to go to a meeting.M: Do come after your meeting, Susan.Our party won‟t be over until midnight.Q: Why did the woman say that she could not join in the party?

注：be in the mood to do sth.愿意做某事，有这种心情做某事

[P25-9]

A)To write a check.B)To find a telephone number.C)To ring up somebody.D)To check the telephone service.W: I‟m sorry, but the number you are dialing is not in service.M: But that‟s impossible.I just spoke to him this morning.Could you please check it for me?

Q: What is the man trying to do?

注：operator 接线员

[P27-2]

A)The woman is being interviewed by a reporter.B)The woman is asking for a promotion.C)The woman is applying for a job.D)The woman is being given an examination.M: Now, I'm going to start off by asking you a difficult question.Why would you like to get this post?

W: Well-first of all I know that your firm has a very good reputation.Then I've heard you offer good opportunities for promotion for the right person.Q: What do we know from this conversation?

工作场景：

1、找到工作高兴

2、失去工作伤心

3、拒绝工作奇怪（主动拒绝令人感到奇怪）

找工作的步骤：

1、信息来源：newspaper 报纸: classified ad.分类广告, help and wanted section 供求关系版

bulletin board公告板

flier 传单

2、打电话确认

3、准备简历

4、面试：携带证明 identification、证书 certificate；确定你是否有资格qualification（be qualified for some post;be up to 胜任）；推荐信 reference letter

[P27-3]

A)His car was hit by another car.B)He was hurt while playing volleyball.C)He fell down the stairs.D)While crossing the street, he was hit by a car.W: Did you hear Mike is in hospital with head injuries and a broken arm?

M: Yes, apparently he was struck by another vehicle and turned completely over.Q: What happened to Mike?

[P27-4]

A)Took a photo of him.B)Bought him a picture.C)Held a birthday party.D)Bought him a frame for his picture.M: Could you help me to decide what I should buy for my brother's birthday?

W: Remember, you took a picture of him at his last birthday party? Why not buy him a frame so that he can fix the picture in it.Q: What did the man do last year for his brother's birthday?

注：提醒模式 remember, first, today, now(right now)

[P31-5]

A)Women's rights in society.B)The woman's job is a librarian.C)An important election.D)Career planning.W: We all talk about how liberated we are, but in fact women are still not equally treated.M: I don't think so.You've got the vote, you've got your careers-I think you've got everything important.Q: What are they arguing about?

注：liberated 自由的，被解放了的

free 免费的（选项中反义替换 pay)，有空闲时间的（选项中反义替换 busy)。

Statue of Liberty 自由女神

[P31-6]

A)She totally agrees with him.B)She thinks it is easier said than done.C)She feels that what he says is simply nonsense.D)She thinks that he is rather impolite person.M: It's partly your own fault.You should never let in anyone like that unless you're expecting him.W: It's all very well to say that, but someone comes to the door and says “electricity” or “gas” and you automatically think he is OK, especially if he shows you a card.Q: How does the woman feel about the man's remarks?

注：fault 过失

针对责备场景：

It's all very well to say that.说起来容易。

It is easier said than done.说起来容易，做起来难。

[P33-7]

A)The woman thanks the man for his efforts.B)The woman thinks that everything was all right.C)The woman blames the man for his absence.D)The woman doesn't think it was the man's fault.M: Look, I'm sorry I didn't turn up for the match yesterday, but it wasn't really my fault, you know.W: It's all very well saying it wasn't your fault, but thanks to you we lost 10 to 1.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

注：thank to 由于

[P44-2]

A)He is not to blame.B)It was his fault.C)He will accept all responsibility.D)He will be more careful next time.W: What an accident!If you had been careful, things would not be as they are.M: What do you mean, it was my fault? If it were, surely I would take all responsibility for it.Q: What does the man mean?

[P31-8]

A)On the 6th of June.B)On the 8th of June.C)On the 9th of June.D)On the 19th of June.M: I'd like to make two reservations on Flight 651 for June 8th.W: I'm sorry, we're booked up on the 8th.But we still have a few seats available on the 9th.Q: When does the man want to leave?

注：1.make reservation 预定，保留

2.be booked up 被定光

be filled 充满了 be full of 充满了

be taken 被占用

机场场景：

1、票已售完

2、接人晚点

3、送人伤感

机场线索词：

airplane 飞机 flight 航班 take off 起飞 land 降落 circle 盘旋

wing 机翼；建筑物的侧楼；博物馆侧面展厅；翅膀

terminal 终端机(computer)；终点站；候机大厅

[P33-3]

A)The cause of the flood.B)The heroic fight against a flood.C)The effects of the flood.D)Floods of the past twenty years.M: This has been the worst flood for the past 20 years.It has caused much damage and destruction.W: Look at the prices of fruits and vegetables.No wonder they are so expensive.Q: What are they talking about?

注：两个选项正好相反，一定有一个为正确的选项。

自然灾害的影响一定严重。

天气一定是极端的天气。

[P33-4]

A)They waited for each other at different places.B)They were both busy doing their own work.C)They went to the street corner at different times.D)The man went to the concert but the woman didn't.W: George, where were you yesterday evening? I expected to see you at the concert.M: Oh, I waited for you at the corner of your street.Then I looked for you at your flat, but the housekeeper said you were out.Q: Why didn't they meet that evening?

注： flat（英）公寓=apartment（美）sneaker 运动鞋（美）

trainer 运动鞋(英）sweat shirt 运动衫（美）

jersey 运动衫（英）corn 玉米（美）

maize 玉米（英）church 教堂（美）

chapel 教堂，小礼拜堂（英）cathedral 天主教大教堂（美）

luggage 行李（美）baggage 行李（英）

bang 头发刘海（美）fringe 头发刘海（英）

[P33-6]

A)In Mexico.B)In New Mexico.C)In the city.D)In California.M: I'd like to make an appointment to see Dr.Smith tomorrow.W: I' m sorry.Dr.Smith went on a one-week vacation in Mexico, and on his way back he'll be staying in California for 5 days.Let me see.He'll probably be back the day after tomorrow.Q: Where is Dr.Smith now?

[P34-9]

A)The credit hours required for an M.A.degree.B)The requirements of an M.A.degree.C)Getting extra credits.D)Taking more optional courses.M: You'll need 36 credit hours to get an M.A.degree.Fifteen must be from the English Department and fifteen from the Education Department.For the remaining six credit hours, you can either write a thesis or take two more optional courses.W: Right now, this is very confusing to me, but I'm sure I'll know what to do as I learn more about it.Q: What are they talking about?

注：M.A.Master of Arts 文学硕士

选课：take, take up, enroll in, register for, sign up for

[P36-1]

A)At home.B)In a phone box.C)In her office.D)In a friend's house.M: Please hold the line, Mrs.Smith.The doctor will talk to you in a minute.W: I‟m afraid I may have to hang up.I don‟t have any more coins and the line will be cut soon.Q: Where is Mrs.Smith most probably?

打电话场景：

1、约人约不到

2、约会去不了

3、电话打不通

电话亭:

telephone box telephone toll telephone booth telephone stand

newsstand 报亭 vegetable stand 菜摊 stands 露天座位

[P36-2]

A)On the west side of a square.B)At the end of a street.C)To the east of the traffic light.D)On the east side of a square.M: Excuse me, but could you show me the way to the train station?

W: Certainly.Go straight until you reach the traffic light, then turn left and you will see asquare.The station is on the east side of it.Q: Where is the train station located?

[P36-5]

A)In a hospital.B)In a library.C)In a travel agency.D)In a restaurant.M: You can get a lot of practice in giving out tickets and handling hotel reservations.Later on, you can take telephone calls.W: That‟s great!Thanks, Mr.Thomson.I‟ll come to work tomorrow.Q: Where will the woman probably be working?

旅行社：

book tickets 定票

make hotel reservation 订房

[P36-6]

A)Customer and salesperson.B)Teacher and student.C)Boss and secretary.D)Guest and waitress.M: Please make 20 copies of this and deliver them to the chief executive and heads of departments.W: Certainly, sir.They will find it on their desks tomorrow morning.Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?

注：chief executive 行政主管

chief executive officer CEO

[P39-2]

A)Whether to employ the woman.B)Whether to take up the new job.C)Whether to ask for a raise.D)Whether to buy a new house.M: You know, I‟ m just not too sure if the new salary will be high enough or even the new position is really what I want.Besides, I like the work that I am doing now.W: It sounds as though you‟ve already made up your mind about what you are going to do.Q: What is the man thinking about?

注：take up 选课（take, take up, enroll in, register for, sign up for）；接受（take）

[P39-3]

A)A teacher.B)A psychologist.C)A librarian.D)A publisher.W: I‟m looking for a textbook for my Psychology course.It‟s called “Introduction to Educational Psychology”.Do you have it?

M: Yes, we do.You‟ll find it in Section 24 on the top shelf.Q: What‟s the man‟s occupation?

注：1.textbook 教科书

2.introduction 初级课程

3.shelf 书架

图书馆：

reference room 参考资料室 periodical's room 期刊室 current issue 当月期刊 older issue 过期期刊

back issue 过期期刊 card catalog 索引室，卡片检索

put on reserve 预留

关于图书馆基本思路：

1、想借的书借不到。

2、想还的书已过期。

[P39-8]

A)The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B)The woman saw a horror movie.C)The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D)The man went to the show with the woman.W: I still can‟t get over the show last Saturday evening.I keep having frightening dreams all night.M: So, next time before you walk into a theatre, make sure what you are going to see.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?

注：frightening dreams 恶梦

nightmare 恶梦

考试、交通

对电影的评价基本上是负面的

It's a waste of time.It's a waste of money.It isn't worth the price of the admission.It has got an awful review.对音乐会的评价基本上是正面的[P41-2]

A)It will take about one month to repair the watch.B)The woman should have saved more money.C)It is a good idea to keep the old watch.D)The watch is no longer worth repairing.W: I can‟t figure out what‟s wrong with my watch.It was just a month ago that I had it repaired.M: Don't waste your time and money any more.It's a very old watch and is quite worn out.Q: What does the man mean?

思维：崇尚消费

1、东西坏了，扔了算了，买个新的

2、修不如买

东西方思维差异：

1、崇尚消费

2、提倡个人奋斗：借钱不借；借笔记一般也不借

3、重视钱

4、饮食方面：apple pie 一定好吃（代表美国的传统文化traditional American）

This picnic is as American as apple pie.典型的美式野餐。

apple pie virtue 美国的传统美德

I took the last one and it was out of the world.Even my mother's can't match this.You wouldn't have to force me to take another helping.5、不谦虚 self-confidence

6、表达直接且理性，逻辑严紧

注：1.figure out 判断出

2.worn out（物）破旧；（人）疲惫

[P41-3]

A)Arguing.B)Protesting.C)Complaining.D)Bargaining.M: Oh, what a morning!You know, I had so much work to do and the phone just kept ringing.Three salespecople called me this morning!

W: I know how it is.I get a lot of calls too...even on weekends.Q: What are the two speakers doing?

注：I know how it is.表示同情。

I know how you feel.[P42-4]

A)Families with cars.B)American's heavy dependence on cars.C)Roads and highways.D)Traffic problems in America.W: You Americans are funny!It seems as if you were married to your cars.M: Yeah, I guess that's true.The country is becoming one big highway.I was reading that there are about 4 million miles of roads and high ways in this country now.Q: What are they talking about?

短对话，听到什么不选什么。

段子题：听到什么选什么。

[P42-5]

A)The apples and pears might not be so good.B)The apples are not as good as the pears.C)The apples and pears are very good.D)The apples and pears are as good as they look.W: I intend to buy some fruit for the children.These apples and pears seem to be in season.I'll get two dozen of each.M: I hope they're as good as they look.Q: What does the man mean?

注：1.pear 梨 pearl 珍珠

2.be in season 新鲜

购物场景：

supermarket 超市（便宜，日常生活用品supplies）

department store 百货公司（贵，衣服，家用电器appliance）

[P42-8]

A)Customer and salesman.B)Colleagues.C)Employee and boss.D)Classmates.W: Hi!Jack.I just came back yesterday.Anything new while I was away?

M: Congratulations, Susan.It's said you'll be promoted to manager and become my immediate boss.Q: What is most probably the relationship between the two speakers at the moment?

注：1.immediate boss 顶头上司

2.employee 雇员 employer 雇主

interviewer 面试者 interviewee 被面试者

payer 付款人 payee 收款人

[P44-3]

A)The man is a forgetful person.B)The typewriter is not new.C)The man can have the typewriter later.D)The man misunderstood her.M: Isn't that a new brand of typewriter you are working at? W: Oh, Bill.This isn't the first time you've asked me about it.Q: What does the woman imply?

健忘：

forgetful He is forgetful.Isn't he forgetful? How forgetful he is!

Absentminded slip one's mind

slipper 拖鞋 slippery 光滑的

害羞：

shy embarrassed 窘迫的 self-conscious 自我意识的

keep to oneself keep one's mind/ thought consciousness 意识

外向：

outgoing sociable easygoing

[P44-4]

A)There will be heavy fog in all areas.B)There will be heavy rain by midnight.C)There will be heavy fog in the east.D)There will be fog in all areas by midnight.W: It's nearly 10 o'clock.Let's listen to the weather forecast.M: Here's the weather forecast.Fog is spreading from the east, and it'll affect all areas by midnight.It'll be heavy in some places.Q: What's the weather forecast?

注：1.谈论天气一般极端不好。

2.fog 大雾，浓雾 mist 薄雾

shower 阵雨 pour 倾盆大雨

high wind 大风 gale 狂风

blizzard 大风雪

3.let up 雨停了 clear up 天放晴

warm up 天变暖

4.super hot 特别热 burning hot 特别热

freezing cold 冰冷 icy cold 冰冷

[P45-9]

A)She has been dismissed for her poor performance.B)She has been fired by the company.C)She has been granted leave for one month.D)She has been offered a new job.M: I'm sorry to tell you that you needn't come next week.You know, sales of our company have been poor recently.W: I've always worked hard.Would you be kind enough to give me a month's time so that I can find a new job?

Q: What has happened to the woman?

工作场景：

找到工作高兴 失去工作伤心 拒绝工作奇怪 参见[P27-2]

[P47-1]

A)To change the tennis shoes in the sportswear department.B)To help his friend find the right department.C)To find his lost shoes on the tennis court.D)To buy himself a pair of tennis shoes.M: Could you please tell me where I can find tennis shoes?

W: Yes.You can get them in the sportswear department on the right side of the store.Q: What does the man want to do?

参见[P42-5]

注：department store 一般会分楼层 floor

flour 面粉

网球：

broken string 球拍断线 restring 重新上线

serve 发球 return 回球

forehand 正手 backhand 反手

[P48-7]

A)The environmental problem.B)The health problem.C)The educational problem.D)The international problem.W: I wonder if our children will still be able to breath the clean air, drink clean water and see the blue sky.M: I agree with you.I think it's time man learned to live in harmony with the earth instead of just exploiting it.Q: What are they talking about?

注：in harmony with 与……和谐相处

[P48-9]

A)They think cinemas are too far away from their homes.B)They are disappointed with the films produced these days.C)They both dislike films about adventure stories.D)They both like the idea of going to the cinema at night.M: I used to go to the cinema a lot.It did make a nice night out, but not now.W: No, I don't either.There aren't any good adventurous stories like the movies they made when I was young.Q: What can be concluded from this conversation?

注：1.film 胶卷，电影

2.have a nice night out 在外面玩一宿

[P50-1]

A)Their parents cut back the loan.B)The woman doesn't want Frank to take another English course.C)They can't pay the rent this month.D)The woman's boss refused to give her a raise.W: Frank, we've got a problem.We don't have enough money to pay the rent this month.I think I'd better ask Mom and Dad for a loan, or ask my boss for a raise.M: Well, I don't know.But maybe I'd better not take another English course this semester.Q: What's the problem they are talking about?

[P50-2]

A)Ask Dr.Smith to alter his decision.B)Ask Dr.Smith to call the library.C)Get the book directly from Dr.Smith.D)Get Dr.Smith's written permission.M: May I take this book out? I need it to work on my paper for Dr.Smith's history class.W: I am afraid not.The book has been put on reserve by Dr.Smith.Unless you have his written permission, we won't let it out.Q: What should the man do to borrow the book?

注：1.put on reserve 保留

2.let it out 借出去

let us out 下课

meet 上课

break up 下课；分手

make up 补考；重归于好

flame 火焰 old flame 旧情人

a big date 周末玩通宵

blind date 经介绍的第一次约会

stand sb.up 放鸽子

go steady 正式确定情侣关系

play the field 恋爱不专一

[P50-4]

A)He feels unsympathetic.B)He feels it's a pity.C)He feels it's unfair.D)He feels glad.W: By the way, did you hear that Jack failed the midterm English exam? It' s too bad because it'll disqualify him for next year's scholarship.M: He deserved it.He's never really studied since last semester.Q: How does the man feel about Jack's failing the exam?

注：He deserved it.他活该。

语气词总结：

1、糟糕系列：

It's too bad.What a pity!

tough luck It's really tough.Oh no!Uh-uh

shit fuck

2、吃惊系列：

Boy.Man.Oh my.Oh dear.Oh my goodness.Wow

3、赞美系列：

terrific awesome

fantastic wonderful

cool super cool ultra cool

4、赞同系列：

Yeah.You bet.Ah-huh

5、否定系列：

Nope.6、脏话系列：

dummy 笨蛋 idiot 白痴

moron 白痴 jerk 废物

asshole 混蛋 S.O.B.son of bitch

段子题：忽视题裁，重视结构

一、提前看选项：找出相同词，确定文章讨论范围；找数字，准备记录，听到什么选什么（短对话中数字题需要计算，听到什么不选什么）。

[P28-One]

11.A)They often take place in her major industries.B)British trade unions are more powerful.C)There are more trade union members in Britain.D)Britain loses more working days through strikes every year.12.A)Such strikes are against the British law.B)Such strikes are unpredictable.C)Such strikes involve workers from different trades.D)Such strikes occur frequently these days.13.A)Trade unions in Britain are becoming more popular.B)Most strikes in Britain are against the British law.31 C)Unofficial strikes in Britain are easier to deal with now.D)Employer-worker relations in Britain have become tenser.[P37-Two]

15.A)He has always lived in America.B)He has been in America for three years.C)He visited America three years ago.D)He has come to America to do research on advertising.16.A)There were far more advertisements there than he had expected.B)The advertisements there were well designed.C)The advertisements there were creative and necessary.D)He found the advertisements there difficult to understand.17.A)Be more careful about what they advertise.B)Spend less money on advertising.C)Advertise more for their products.D)Use new advertising techniques.[P57-One]

11.A)About 45 million.B)About 50 million.C)About 5.4 million.D)About 4.5 million.12.A)The actors and actresses are not paid for their performance.B)The actors and actresses only perform in their own communities.C)They exist only in small communities.D)They only put on shows that are educational.32

13.A)It provides them with the opportunity to watch performances for free.B)It provides them with the opportunity to make friends.C)It gives them the chance to do something creative.D)It gives them a chance to enjoy modern art.文章的结构：

1、介绍型文章：介绍新的概念，时间顺序，与众不同。起源、现状、影响（现实意义）。

2、讨论型文章：分析问题，解决问题。

3、对比型文章：对比两种观点、理论，说明现实意义。

二、听两头：开头100％出考题，结尾也非常重要。

听到什么选什么。

1、如果选项短，是细节题，应该边听边看选项。

2、如果选项长，是主线题，应该专注听。

结尾的特点：记重复重现的词；引导结果的连词 therefore, thus, so, as a result, that is，开头结尾一般考topic 题

三、中间应该抓小词

first, most, because, only, just, but

强烈的转折，强烈的因果都非常重要。

四、猜题原则

客观的事实，用常识(common sense)猜题。

歌曲 Sealed with a kiss

Though we're gonna say goodbye for the summer

darling I promise you this

I'll send you all my love everyday in a letter sealed with kiss

Cause it's gonna be a cold lonely summer

But I'll fill the emptiness I'll send you all my love

Everyday in a letter sealed with a kiss

I'll see you in the sunlight

I'll hear your voice everywhere

I'll run to tenderly hold you

But darling you won't be there

I don't wanna say goodbye for the summer

Knowing the love we'll miss

Oh let us make a pledge to meet in September

And sealed with a kiss

Sealed with a kiss sealed with a kiss

注：wanna=want to

gonna=going to

歌曲 Take me home, Country Roads

John Denver

Almost heaven, West Virginia

Blue Ridge Mountains

Shenandoah River

Life is old there

Older than the trees

Younger than the mountains

Growing like a breeze

Country Roads, take me home

To the place I belong

West Virginia, mountain momma

Take me home, country roads

All my memories gathered „round her

Miner‟s lady, stranger to blue water

Dark and dusty, painted on the sky

Misty taste of moonshine

Teardrops in my eye

Country Roads, take me home

To the place I belong

West Virginia, mountain momma

Take me home, country roads

I hear her voice

In the morning hour she calls me

The radio reminds me of my home far away

And driving down the road I get a feeling

That I should have been home yesterday, yesterday

Country Roads, take me home

To the place I belong

West Virginia, mountain momma

Take me home, country roads

Country Roads, take me home

To the place I belong

West Virginia, mountain momma

Take me home, country roads

Take me home, country roads

Take me home, country roads

注：down 往南去

up 往北去

数字题（客观题）：听到什么选什么

中心思想题：文章开头的名词，文章中间的高频词，选项中的小词（development, evolution, formation, invention, new, special, effect）

细节题：first, most, because, only, just

[P28-One]

11.A)They often take place in her major industries.B)British trade unions are more powerful.C)There are more trade union members in Britain.D)Britain loses more working days through strikes every year.12.A)Such strikes are against the British law.B)Such strikes are unpredictable.C)Such strikes involve workers from different trades.D)Such strikes occur frequently these days.13.A)Trade unions in Britain are becoming more popular.B)Most strikes in Britain are against the British law.C)Unofficial strikes in Britain are easier to deal with now.D)Employer-worker relations in Britain have become tenser.Strikes are very common in Britain.They are extremely harmful to its industries.In fact, there are other countries in Western Europe that lose more working days through strikes every year than Britain.The trouble with the strikes in Britain is that they occur in essential industries.There are over 495 unions in Britain.Some unions are very small.Over 20 have more than 100, 000 members.Unions do not exist only to demand higher wages.They also educate their members.They provide benefits for the sick and try to improve working conditions.Trade unioners say that we must thank the unions for the great

improvement in working conditions in the last hundred years.It is now against the law for union members to go on strike without the support of their union.This kind of strike is called the unofficial strike and was common until recently.Employers feel that unofficial strikes were most harmful because they would not be predicted.However, these unofficial strikes still occur from time to time and some unions have also refused to cooperate with the law.As a result, the general picture of the relations between workers and employers in Britain has gone from bad to worse.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.In what way are strikes in Britain different from those in other European countries?（开头）

12.Why are British employers so afraid of unofficial strikes?（most, because）

13.What conclusion can be drawn from this passage?（结尾As a result）

注：Unions do not exist only to demand higher wages.【否定转移】

一个句子中（无标点），如果前面是否定，后面表达的是原因、结果和目的，那么前面的not否定的是句子后面的原因、结果和目的，而并非是谓语动词。

I didn't spend 3 hours repairing your vacuum cleaner so that it could sit in the closet.I didn't teach because it's easy.[P49-Two]

15.A)How to handle spiders.B)Spiders in the United States.C)People' s fear of spiders.D)A special kind of spider.16.A)Most spiders will not bite even when handled.B)Most spiders are poisonous and dangerous.C)Most spiders are likely to attack people.D)Most spiders have sharp eyes.17.A)Because she cannot find a husband for herself.B)Because the female spider is larger than the male one.37 C)Because the female spider often eats her husband.D)Because she is a black female spider.You should not fear spiders because of their poison.Of all the spiders in North America, only one kind is really dangerous and most would not bite even if they were handled.They much prefer to run away or to drop to the ground on a thread of silk.Even so, when a spider runs directly toward a person, it gives the impression that it is about to attack.Actually, it cannot see the person in its way.The spider is too short-sighted to see things at a distance.It only wants to go where it will not be disturbed.In the United States one kind of spider is responsible for the frightening reputation of the rest.It is the Black Widow.So called because the female, which is larger than the male, often eats her husband after making love.The Black Widow is found in all states but is most common in the south and the west.She constructs a loose, irregular web under a pile of rowans or near the foundations of buildings where she is seldom disturbed.She is not an attacking spider and many people have proven this by letting her crawl over their hands.When she bites, it is usually in self-defence.In spite of the stories you may have heard, it is rare for a person to be bitten by a Black Widow and even more unusual for the bite to prove fatal.But remember that her poison is powerful and even though she is shy, she should be respected.Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15.What is this passage mainly about?

16.What do we learn about spiders from the passage?（only, most）

17.Why is the spider you just heard about called the Black Widow?（because）

注：You should not fear spiders because of their poison.否定转移

段子题：

1、看选项：找相同词，确定文章范围；抓数字

2、听两头：中心思想

3、抓小词：细节题

数字题（客观题）：听到什么选什么

中心思想题：文章开头的名词，文章中间的高频词，选项中的小词（development, evolution, formation, invention, new, special, effect）

细节题：first, most, because, only, just

[P29-Three]

17.A)17,000.38 B)1,700.C)24.D)9,000.18.A)It's located in a college town.B)It's composed of a group of old buildings.C)Its classrooms are beautifully designed.D)Its library is often crowded with students.19.A)Teachers are well paid at Deep Springs.B)Students are mainly from New York State.C)The length of schooling is two years.D)Teachers needn't pay for their rent and meals.20.A)Take a walk in the desert.B)Go to a cinema.C)Watch TV programmes.D)Attend a party.Deep Springs is an American college.It is an unusual college.It is high in the white mountains in California not in a college town.The campus is a collection of old buildings with no beautiful classrooms.The only college-like thing about Deep Springs is its library.Students can study from the 17,000 books 24 hours a day.The library is never crowded as there are only 24 well-qualified male students at the college.In addition, there are only five full-time professors.These teachers believe in the idea of this college.They need to believe in it.They do not get much money.In fact, their salaries are only about 9,000 dollars a year plus room and meals.The school gives the young teachers as well as the students something more important than money.“There is no place like Deep Springs,” says a second-year student from New York State, “Most colleges today are much the same but Deep Springs is not afraid to be different.” He says that students at his college are in a situation quite unlike in the other school.Students are there to learn and they cannot run away from problems.There is no place to escape to.At most colleges, students can close their books and go to a film.They can go out to restaurants or to parties.Deep Springs students have completely different alternatives.They can talk to each other or to their teachers.Another possible activity is to go to the library to study.They might decide to do some work.The student who doesn' t want to do any of these activities can go for a walk in the desert.Deep Springs is far from the world of restaurants and cinemas.There is not even a television set on campus.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.39

17.What is the total number of students at Deep Springs College?

18.What is true of the campus of Deep Springs College?

19.Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?

20.What can students at Deep Springs do in their spare time?

注：选项短，细节题，边听边看选项。

[P32-Three]

17.A)The low cost of its service.B)Its specialization in transporting small packages.C)Being the first airline to send urgent letters.D)Its modern sorting facilities.18.A)10,000.B)35.C)130.D)30.19.A)Because of its location in the country.B)Because of its good airport facilities.C)Because of its size.D)Because of its round-the-clock service.20.A)Its full-time staff.B)The postmen who work in Memphis.C)Students who work in their spare time.D)The staff members of the International Airport.Federal Express is a private airline service which expands the Postal Service in the United States.It is the only U.S.airline specializing in the transportation of small packages-35 kilos or less.40

Federal Express links 130 major U.S.cities and 10,000 surrounding communities.An urgent package picked up in one part of the country this afternoon can be delivered to any other part of the country tomorrow morning.All of the Federal Express jets fly into the International Airport at Memphis, Tennessee, because it is located in the center of the United States.The sorting facility for Federal Express is called “The Hub”.Every night, from about 12 midnight to 3 a.m., the packages are gathered and sorted into shipments for specific destinations.The main labor force is comprised of students working part-time.Since Federal Express started business in 1971, it has flown millions of air kilometers without fail.In the space of one hour, 39 jets will take off to destinations all across the United States.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage yon have just heard.17.What makes the Federal Express so unique in the U.S.airline service business?

18.How many major U.S.cities does Federal Express link?

19.Why do all of the Federal Express jets fly into the International Airport at Memphis, Tennessee?

20.Who comprises the main labour force of Federal Express?

注：1.Federal Express 联邦快递

2.urgent package 快件

[P40-One]

11.A)Because they can't afford to.B)Because they think small houses are more comfortable to live in.C)Because big houses are usually built in the countryside.D)Because they prefer apartments.12.A)Because many young people have moved into comfortable apartments.B)Because many old houses in the bad part of the town are not inhabited.C)Because many older people sell their houses after their children leave.D)Because many people have quit their old house to build new ones.13.A)They have to do their own maintenance.B)They have to furnish their own houses.41

C)They will find it difficult to make the rest of the payment.D)They will find it difficult to dispose of their old-style furniture.[P40-Two]

14.A)They are not active hunters.B)They don't sleep much.C)They are often seen alone.D)They don't eat much.15.A)To catch the birds.B)To look for shade in the heat of the day.C)To catch other animals.D)To look for a kill made by another animal.16.A)They are larger in size.B)They run faster.C)They have to hunt more to feed the young.D)They are not as lazy as the males.[P40-Three]

17.A)Less than 30 minutes.B)From 30 to 45 minutes.C)At least 45 minutes.D)More than 45 minutes.18.A)He should show respect for the interviewer.B)He should show confidence in himself.C)He should talk enthusiastically.42 D)He should be dressed properly.19.A)Speaking confidently but not aggressively.B)Talking loudly to give a lasting impression.C)Talking a lot about the job.D)Speaking politely and emotionally.20.A)Professional knowledge is a decisive factor in job interview.B)Finding a job is more difficult than one can imagine.C)A job seeker should create a good image during an interview.D)Self-confidence is most important for a job seeker.To be successful in a job interview, you should demonstrate certain personal and professional qualities.You need to create a good image in the limited time available, usually from 30 to 45 minutes.You must make a positive impression which the interviewer will remember while he interviews other candidates.The following are some qualities you should especially pay attention to during an interview.First of all, you should take care to appear properly dressed.The right clothes worn at the right time can win respect of the interviewer and his confidence in your judgement.It may not be true that clothes make the man.But the first and often last impression of you is determined by the clothes you wear.Secondly, you should pay close attention to your manner of speaking, since speech is a reflection of personality.You should reflect confidence by speaking in a clear voice, loud enough to be heard, without being aggressive or overpowering.You should be prepared to talk knowledgeably about the requirements of the position you are applying for.Finally, to be really impressive you must convey a sense of self-confidence and enthusiasm for work.If you display these characteristics, with just a little luck, you'll certainly succeed in the typical personnel interview.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.How long does an interview usually last according to the speaker?

18.How can one give the interviewer a good first impression?

19.What should be the best manner of speaking for a job-seeker during an interview?

20.What is the main idea of the short talk you have just heard?

注：personnel 人事；personal 个人的[P63-One]

11.A)The color of the dog.43

B)The price of the dog.C)Whether the dog will fit the environment.D)Whether the dog will get along with the other pets in the house.12.A)It must be trained so it won't bite.B)It needs more love and care.C)It demands more food and space.D)It must be looked after carefully.13.A)They are less likely to run away.B)It's easier for their masters to train them.C)They are less likely to be shy with human beings.D)It's easier for them to form a relationship with their masters.Most people have had a dog or wanted one as their companion at some time in their lives.If you are thinking of buying a dog, however, you should first decide what sort of companion you need and whether the dog is likely to be happy in the surroundings you can provide.Specialist advice is available to help you choose the most suitable breed of dog.But in part, the decision depends on common sense.Most breeds were originally developed to perform specific tasks.So, if you want a dog to protect you or your house, for example, you should choose a breed that has the right size and characteristics.You must also be ready to devote a good deal of time to train the dog when it is young and give it the exercise it needs throughout its life, unless you live in the country and can let it run freely.Dogs are demanding pets.Whereas cats identify with the house and so are content if their place there is secure, a dog identifies with its master and consequently wants him to show proof of his affection.The best time to buy a baby-dog is when it is between 6 and 8 weeks old so that it can transfer its affection from its mother to its master.If baby dogs have not established a relationship with the human being until they are over three months old, their stronger relationship will always be with dogs.They are likely to be too shy when they are brought out into the world to become good pets.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.What' s mentioned as a consideration in buying a dog?

12.Why does the speaker say a dog is a more demanding pet than a cat?

13.Why is it advised to buy baby dogs under three months old?

注：1.demanding 苛求的

2.consequently = so 因此

consequent 最后一个

subsequent 下一个

[P26-Three]

17.A)More jobs could be provided than before.B)More people could be educated than before.C)More books could be printed and distributed.D)More ways could be used to exchange knowledge.18.A)Around 1400.B)Around 1900.C)Around 400.D)Around 900.19.A)China.B)Sweden.C)Egypt.D)Japan.20.A)More and more paper is being consumed nowadays.B)Paper enables people to receive education more easily.C)The invention of paper is of great significance to man.D)Paper contributes a lot to the keeping of historical records.Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man.Wide spread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to write on.The invention of paper meant more people could be educated because more books could be printed and distributed.Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to communicate knowledge.How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that question quickly.In 1900 the world's use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year.Now some countries use as much as 50 kilograms of paper for each person a year.Countries like the United States, England and Sweden use more paper than other

countries.Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China.In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400.The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant.Europeans used parchment for many hundreds of years.Parchment was very strong;it was made from the skin of certain young animals.We have learnt of the most important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17.Which of the following is not mentioned about the invention of paper?

18.When did the Egyptians begin to use paper widely?

19.Which of the following countries uses most paper for each person a year?

20.What is the main idea of this short talk?

[P43-Three]

topic 题，四个选项中有and应优先考虑

题型总结：

Section A:

1、but 题型

2、场景题（线索词）

3、替换题（听到什么不选什么）

Section B:

1、主观题（找积极态度，正面评价）

2、客观题（数字题，听到什么选什么）

3、宏观题（中心思想题）

4、细节题（注意中间的提示词）

替换题paraphrase：

1、词组与词的替换（一般题干中出现词组；选项中出现词）。

比如：run into sb.= meet sb.call off = cancel

2、词与词替换（同义词或者反义词替换）

比如：interesting = stimulating；fascinating；exciting；not boring

[P25-10]

A)One.B)Four.C)Five.46

D)None.M: I hope there weren‟t many visitors when I was away yesterday.W: There wasn‟t a single one, Mr.Green.But I received four phone calls before I left the office at about 5:30.Q: How many people visited Mr.Green‟s office yesterday?

注：not a single one = none [P27-1]

A)Read four chapters.B)Write an article.C)Speak before the class.D)Preview two chapters.W: What is the home assignment from Professor Smith? I missed the class this morning.M: Finish reading Chapters 5 and 6, and write an essay based on Chapters 3 and 4.Remember, it's your turn to give a presentation next Monday.Q: What will the woman do in addition to the home assignment for the whole class?

注：提醒模式：remember, first, today, now(right now)

[P28-5]

A)No medicine could solve the woman‟s problem.B)The woman should eat less to lose some weight.C)Nothing could help the woman if she ate too little.D)The woman should choose the right foods.M: What did your doctor prescribe for you?

W: Well, he said there was no need for me to take any medicine if I ate well-balanced meals.Q: What did the doctor say?

[P30-2]

A)It's too expensive.B)It isn't needed.C)A college would be better.D)It should be built.M: The city council has finally voted the funds to build a new high school.W: It's about time they did it.I don't know what took them so long.Q: What's the woman's opinion about the school?

注：It's about time...强烈的主观建议，选项中找should

It's time...It's right time...It's just time...It's high time...[P30-3]

A)Jack sold his car.B)Jack's car was stolen.C)Jack bought a new car.D)Jack had a car accident.M: Last night, Jack left his car parked in front of his girl-friend's house and when he came out to go home, it was gone.W: Wow!That's really tough.He just bought it last month, didn't he?

Q: What do you think happened?

注：1.一个完整的句子加个小尾巴都是反义疑问句，其核心是陈述句。

2.it was gone 不见了 it was missing

[P31-7]

A)To work in the flower beds.48 B)To weed the garden.C)To hire a gardener.D)To clean the yard.M: Your yard is always so beautiful, Cathy.You must have a gardener.W: Oh, no.It would cost at least $ 50 a month to hire someone to do the work, so I do most of it myself.I enjoy taking care of the flowers, but I have to force myself to do the weeding and cut the grass.Q: What does Cathy like to do?

注：weed 杂草 grass 草

[P31-9]

A)The man thinks the woman is wasting her time.B)The man thinks the woman should make full use of her time.C)The man can wait and there is no need for her to hurry.D)The man is eager to know the woman's answer.W: I have to think about your offer.I can't say “yes” or “no” at the moment.M: You can take your time.It will do if you let me know your decision in a day or two.Q: Which of the following is true?

注：1.You can take your time.不着急。There's no rush.What's the rush?

2.do =do some good/ work/ help 解决问题，起作用，好用，好使

[P33-2]

A)It was pretty good.B)It was rather dull.C)It was not well organized.D)It was attended by many people.W: Let's talk about the preparations for the party.49

M: Right.We really need to plan better this time.Remember what a mess it was at the last party!

Q: What do we know about the last party?

注：1.dull（人）笨；（书）boring；（刀）钝 2.mess 乱糟糟

[P36-3]

A)She has to change the time for the trip.B)She hasn't decided where to go next month.C)She can't afford the time for the trip.D)She will manage to leave this month.M: You‟re going to make a trip to San Francisco, aren‟t you?

W: Yes.But I haven‟t got the plane ticket yet.I‟m thinking of postponing the trip to next month since this is the busiest month for the airlines.Q: What do we know about the woman from this conversation?

注：trip 旅行；摔跟头

机场场景：

1、票已售完

2、接人晚点

3、送人伤感

态度方向题 建议题 复合式听写

Section A

1、but 题型（3个）

2、场景题（3个）

3、替换题（3个）

4、态度方向题、建议题（1个）

态度方向（Yes or No）题型

选项中一般有两个相反选项。短对话中第一个人提出一个观点或一个一般疑问句，第二个人的回答Yes or No，后面再进一步解释原因。

表示“Yes”“赞同”的一组词：And...；I'll say；You said it.；You can say that again.；and how；isn't it, though；aren't they, though；You bet.；Of course；Certainly；Indeed；Sure.表示“No”的一组词：Are you kidding/ joking/ serious? No kidding/ joking.Who told you that? Says who/ you? Where did you an idea like that?