全国外语水平考试

第一篇：全国外语水平考试

全国外语水平考试（WSK）是为了鉴定非外语专业人员的外语水平而设置的考试，其成绩主要用于选拔国家公派出国留学人员。全国外语水平考试设英语（PETS-5）、法语(TNF)、德语(NTD)、日语(NNS)和俄语(ТПРЯ)五个语种。WSK是对非外语专业人员的外语水平考试，具有不同于专业外语考试的一些特点。首先，它不依据某一教学课程的学习内容来命制试题，凡能满足考试要求的课和或教材都适于考生的语言训练和应试准备。其次，作为非外语专业人员的外语考试，测试的重点不在于考生掌握外语的精确性，而在于运用外语进行交流的能力。WSK是标准参照性考试，各语种评价标准的设定，比照了国内和国外有关语言能力的等级。考虑到各语种的语言特点及其普及程度的不同，它们的某些能力要求不尽一致。但是，它们通过严格的试题编制程序，题目预测，专家定性分析，计算机评卷，分数加权及线性回归等标准化技术手段，保证了参加同一语种不同年度间考试的考生成绩的等值。WSK的这些特点及其技术保障，为扩大它的使用范围提供了可能。全国外语水平考试（WSK）是国家教育委员会举办的外语水平考试。WSK是全国外语水平考试的汉语拼音缩写，是为鉴定非外语专业人员的外语水平而设置的考试，其成绩主要用于选拔国家公派出国留学人员。最初只有英语水平考试（EPT），专门用来鉴定赴英语国家留学人员的英语水平。（但现在EPT考试已取消，PETS-5通过即有公派出国留学资格）随着我国对交流的扩大，考试的语种逐渐增至英语、法语、德语、日语和俄语五个语种。此项考试由国家教委考试中心组织实施。

第二篇：BFT考试(全国出国培训备选人员外语水平考试)模拟2

BFT考试(全国出国培训备选人员外语水平考试)模拟2

Listening Part 1 Questions 1-8 ·You will hear two telephone conversations.·Write down one word or number in the numbered spaces on the forms below.CONVERSATION 1

Time for the man to arrive at the hotel:(1).Price of the room: $(2).Number of the unit: No.(3).On the(4)floor.CONVERSATION 2

For:(5)Blake.From:(6)Anderson.Tomorrow's(7)is cancelled.Helen's telephone number:(8).Part 2 Questions 9-13 ·You will hear a teaching instructor's words.·For questions 9-13, choose.from the list A-F the main ideas of the teaching instructor's words each time.·Use the letters only once.There is one extra letter which you do not need to use.Speaker 1: ______ 10.Speaker 2: ______ 11.Speaker 3: ______ 12.Speaker 4: ______ 13.Speaker 5: ______ A.final exam B.teaching problems in reading C.paying attention to one's teaching style D.canceling some classes E.stuff meeting F.students' attendance

Part 3 Questions 14-23·Look at the ten statements for this part.·You will hear a passage about “Who First Started to Smoke?”;you will listen to it twice，·Decide if you think each statement is right(R), wrong(W)or not mentioned(NM).14、People in Europe started smoking long ago.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

15、Tobacco is a native American plant, and it was Christopher Columbus who told European people about it.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

16、The American Indians used long tubes to bake tobacco before they smoked it.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

17、Aware of the commercial value of tobacco, the American lndians traded it for other goods.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

18、Jean Nicot's great interest in plants was due to his father's influence.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

19、When a man had a bad pain in his body, Nicot would give the person some tobacco leaves to eat, and then the pain would be gone.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

20、The word nicotine comes from the Frenchman Nicot's name.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

21、Nicot wrote a book on all his discoveries about tobacco.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

22、In Sir Walter Raleigh's days, not many people knew about smoking.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

23、Sir Walter Raleigh's death was due to smoking.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not Mentioned

Part 4 Questions 24-30·Look at the questions for this part.·You will hear a passage about “American Weighs In ”.You will listen to it twice.·For questions 24-30, indicate which of the alternatives A, B, or C is the most appropriate response.·Mark one letter A, B, or C on the Answer Sheet.24、American foods are ______.A.insufficient and expensive B.many and various C.neither delicious nor healthful

25、What is the percentage of adults aged 20 to 74 who were obese in the 1960s? A.33 percent B.24 percent C.35 percent

26、How many US adults aged 20 and older were overweight in 1988-94? A.65 million B.16 million C.20 million

27、Compared to the late 1970s, the percent of children aged 12 to 17 who were overweight in 1994 ______.A.decreased B.remained unchanged C.increased

28、What kind of market is sure to benefit from overweight people? A.The market for health care B.The market for food C.The market for weight-loss diets

29、What is believed to be able to prevent and mitigate numerous chronic ailments? A.High blood pressure B.A reasonable body weight C.Smoking

30、Koop once launched an assault on ______.A.chronic ailments B.obesity C.smoking

ReadingPart 1

·Read thefollowingpassage, eight sentences have been removed from the article.·Choose from the sentences A-H the one whichfits each gap.·For each gap(1-8)mark one letter(A-H)on the Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.The single, decisive factor that made it possible for mankind to settle in permanent communities was agriculture.(1)Once people could control the production of food and be assured of a reliable annual supple of it, their lives changed completely.Fanning was a revolutionary discovery.(2)With more food available, more people could be fed.Populations therefore increased.The growing number of people available for more kinds of work led to the development of more complex social structures.(3)Farming the world over has always relied upon a dependable water supply.For the earliest societies this meant rivers and streams or regular rainfall.(4)Later communities were able to develop by taking advantage of the rainy seasons.All of the ancient civilizations probably developed in much the same way, in spite of regional and climatic differences.(5)Heavier pottery replaced animal-skin gourds as containers for food and liquids.Cloth could be woven from wool and flax.Permanent structures made of wood, brick, and stone could be erected.The science of mathematics was an early outgrowth of agriculture.People studied the movements of the moon, the sun, and planets to calculate seasons.(6)With a calendar it was possible to calculate the arrival of each growing season.Measurement of land areas was necessary if property was to be a factor in farming and housekeeping.(7)All of the major ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China emerged in the 4th millennium BC.Historians still debate over which one emerged first.It may well have been the Middle East, in an area called the Fertile Crescent.This region stretches from the Nile River in Egypt northward along the coast of former Palestine, then eastward into Asia to include Mesopotamia.(8)This kind of larming depended on the reproduction of seed, normally from grain crops.A.It not only made settlements possible and ultimately the building of cities but it also made available a reliable food supply.B.Later came measures of value as commodity and money exchange became common.C.In this area people settled along the riverbanks and practiced field agriculture.D.After farming was developed in the Middle East in about 6500 BC, people living in tribes or family units did not have to be on the move continually searching for food or herding their animals.E.As villages grew, the accumulation of more numerous and substantial goods became possible.F.With a food surplus, a community could support a variety of workers who were not farmers.G.The first great civilizations grow up along rivers.H.In doing so they created the first calendars.Part 2

Questions 9-18

·Read the following passage and answer questions 9-18.1.When Christopher Columbus landed on America's shores, he encountered copper-shinned people whom he promptly called “Indians”.Current estimates indicate that there were over a million Indians inhabiting North American then.There are approximately 800,000 Indians today, of whom about 250, 000 live on reservations.2.The early settlers had an amicable relationship with Indians, who shared their knowledge about hunting, fishing, and farming with their uninvited guests.The stereotyped stealthy, wicked Indian of western movies are created by different faithless white man;the Indian was born friendly.3.Disgust developed between the Indians and the settlers, whose encroachment on Indian lands provoked an era of turbulence.As early as 1745, Indian tribes joined together to drive the French off their land.The French and Indian war did not end until 1763.The Indian had succeeded in destroying most of the settlements.The British, superficially submissive to the Indiana, promised that further migrations west would not extend beyond a specified boundary.4.Vacated from their lands or, worse still, frankly giving their property to the whites for few baubles, Indians were ruthlessly pushed west.The battle in 1876 at Little Horn river in Montana, in which setting Bull and the Sioux tribes massacred General Custer's cavalry, caused the whites intensify their campaign against the Redman.The battle at Wound Knee, South Dakota, in 1890 put an end to the last vestige of hope for amity between Indians and whites.5.Although the Bureau of lndian affairs has operated since 1842, presumably for the purpose of guarding Indians “interests”, Indian on reservations lead notoriously deprived lives.In recent times Indians have taken a militant stand and appealed to the courts and the American people to improve their substandard living conditions.Questions 9-13

·For questions 9-13, choose the best title for each paragraph from below.·For each numberedparagraph(1-5), mark one letter(A-G)on the Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.9.Paragraph 1: ______ A.Indians, once the master of America, now live in their reservation.10.Paragraph 2: ______ B.Indians were pushed away.11.Paragraph 3: ______ C.The wars between Indian and the settlers.12.Paragraph 4: ______ D.Indians arestill fighting for the improvement of their lives.13.Paragraph 5: ______ E.The relationship between Indians and the early settlers.F.Indians were ferocious savages.G.Indian's struggle for their own possessions.Questions 14-18

·Using the information in the text, complete each sentence 14-18 with a word or phrase from the list below.·For each sentence(14-18), mark one letter(A-G)on the Answer Sheet.·Do not mark any letter twice.14.The early settlers in American ______.15.The passage suggests that the war between French and Indians lasted ______.16.The kind of life Indians lead in their reservation is ______.17.The two measures that Indians had taken to improve their lives are ______.18.From the passage, we can infer that the author ______.A.sympathizes the American Indians B.eighteen years C.found the Indians very helpful D.taking a militant stand and appealing to the courts E.notoriously deprived F.ask the Indians to leave their lands G.force the Indians to leave Part 3

Questions 19-25

·Read the following passage and answer questions 19-25.·For questions 19-25, choose the correct answer A, B, C and D.·Mark your answers on the Answer Sheet.While still in its early stages, welfare reform has already been judged a great success in many states, at least UN is getting people off welfare, lt's estimated that more than two million have left the roles since 1994.In the past four years, welfare in rolls in Athens country has been cut in half.But 70 percent of the people who left in the past two years took jobs that paid less than $6 an hour.The result: The Athens country poverty rate still remains at more than 30 percent—twice the national average.For advocates for the poor, that's an indication that much more needs to be done.“More people are getting jobs, but it's not making their lives any better,” says Kathy Lairn, a policy analyst at the center in budget and policy priorities in Washington.Canter analysis of US census data nationwide found that between 1995 and 1996, a great percentage of single, fame-headed household were earning money on their own, but that average income for these households actually went down.But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as they did with it is in itself a huge victory.“Welfare was a poison.It was a toxin that was poisoning the family,” says Rector, a welfare reform is changing the moral climate in low-income communities.It's beginning to rebuild the work ethic, which is much more important.Mr.Rector and others argued that once “the habit of dependency is cracked,” then the country can make other policy changes aimed at improving living standards.19、It can be seen from the passage that the author ______.A.is over-enthusiastic about the success of welfare reform B.insists that welfare reform is doing little good for the poor C.believes the reform has reduced the government's burden D.considers welfare reform to be fundamentally successful

20、Why aren't people enjoying better lives when they have jobs? A.Because their wages are low.B.Because many families are divorced.C.Because the cost of living is rising.D.Because government aid is now rare.21、What is worth noting form the example of Athens country is that ______.A.60 percent of the population no longer relies on welfare B.70 percent of the people there have been employed for two years C.the living standards of most people are going down D.great efforts should be madeto improve people's living standards

22、From the passage we know that welfare reform aims at ______.A.providing more jobs B.saving welfare funds C.rebuilding the work ethic D.cutting government expenses

23、According to the passage, before the welfare reform was carried out, ______.A.the poor used to rely on government aid B.the poverty rate was lower C.the average worker was paid higher wages D.average living standards were higher

24、From the passage we can infer that before 1994 ______.A.most of the people depended on government B.most of the people took jobs C.we don't know as the passage didn't say D.most of the people live a richer life

25、About the welfare reform the author's attitude is ______.A.indifferent B.positive C.objective D.critical Part 4

Questions 26-45

·Read the following passage and decide which answer bestfits each space.·For questions 26-45, mark one letter A, B, C or D on the Answer Sheet.The “standard of living” of any country means the(26)person's share of the goods and services which the country produces.A country's standard of living, therefore depends(27)and foremost on its capacity to produce wealth.“Wealth” in this(28)is not money, for we do not live on money(29)on things that money can buy: “goods” such as food and clothing, and “services” such as(30)and “entertainment”.A country's capacity to produce wealth depends upon many factors, most of which have an effect(31)one another.Wealth depends(32)a great extent upon a country's natural resources.Some regions of the world are well supplied with coal and minerals, and have a(33)soil and a favorable climate;other regions(34)none of them.Next to natural resources(35)the ability to turn them to use.China is perhaps as well off as the USA in natural resources, but suffered for many years from(36)and external wars, and for this and other reasons was incapable(37)her resources.Sound and(38)political conditions, and freedom from foreign invasion, enable a country to develop its natural resources peacefully and steadily, and to produce more wealth than another country(39)well served by nature but less well ordered.A country's standard of living does not only depend upon the wealth that is produced and(40)within its own borders, but also upon what is indirectly produced through international trade.For example, Britain's wealth in foodstuffs and other agricultural products would be much(41)if she had to depend only on those grown at home.Trade makes it possible for her surplus manufactured goods to be traded abroad for the agricultural products that would(42)be lacking.A country's wealth is, therefore, much(43)by its manufacturing capacity,(44)that other countries can be found ready to(45)its manufactures.26、A.common B.average C.usual D.normal

27、A.first B.important C.main D.primary

28、A.way B.feeling C.sense D.occasion

29、A.except B.but C.neither D.besides

30、A.vehicles B.buses C.transport D.films

31、A.in B.about C.at D.on

32、A.upon B.33、A.festal B.fetid

34、A.pose B.possess C.posse D.posset

35、A.coming B.come

36、A.military B.international

37、A.to develop B.about developing

38、A.robust B.stable

39、A.less B.few

40、A.consumed B.assumed C.presumed D.resumed

41、A.little B.more

42、A.likely B.otherwise C.likewise D.alike

43、A.impressed B.effected C.influenced D.in C.fervent C.comes C.overseas C.of developing C.sturdy C.little C.less C.on D.to fertile D.come D.have civil D.for developing D.strong D.equally D.much D.infected

44、A.supposed B.given C.provided D.depended

45、A.receive B.accept C.sell D.produce

Writing46、Part 1

☆ You are to work with a U.S.company by a year.You have finally obtained your visa from the US Embassy in Beijing, and are ready to leave for Minneapolis, USA, where the company is headquartered.Read the following memo with information jotted down from your air-ticket: ☆ From Beijing to Minneapolis.☆ The American Northwest Airline.☆ NW745, Monday, November 27, 2002, Beijing time.☆ Arrive at 1:30 p.m.Nov.28, American time.·Write a letter-like email message(60-70 words)to Mr.Michael Jackson(E-mail address is CS3858@aol.com), Corporate Secretary of the company, asking for your pickup at the airport.47、Part 2 ·You are to make a speech at an international conference held next Friday at the Jinmao, Pudong, Shanghai.The conference chairman has just written to you requesting that you send a copy of your speech five work days ahead of the meeting.Write a cover letter to Ms.Jenny Evans, Secretary General of the sponsoring organization, in which you shall, in your own words, make it clear.“

☆ A copy of your speech is enclosed.☆ You need 150 printouts, and you'll pay when collecting them.☆ You want to be addressed by the title and position you have in the writer's section of this letter, and you hate to be called a ”reform master“.☆ You're available in your office till the end of one day before the speech day.☆ You will arrive on time for the conference.·Write a letter of 100-120 words to Ms.Jenny Evans

Oral Test48、Part 1: Self-introduction

·The interlocutor will ask you and your partner questions about yourselves.You may be asked about things like ”your hometown “, ”your interests “, ”your career plans ", etc.Part 2: Presentation ·The interlocutor gives you two photographs and asks you to talk about them for about one minute.The examiner then asks your partner a question about your photographs and your partner responds briefly.Then the interlocutor gives your partner two photographs.Your partner talks about these pictures for about one minute.This time the interlocutor asks you a question about your partner's photographs and you respond briefly.Part 3: Collaboration

·The interlocutor gives you and your partner a list of topics.Both of you need to choose one to discuss together.The interlocutor may join in the conversation and ask you questions, but you and your partner are expected to develop the conversation.Topic 1: Music in Modem Life Topic 2: Importance of Money Topic 3: An Extended Family or a Nuclear Family Topic 4: Taboos in China Topic 5: Differences between Life in a Big City and in the Country

答案:

Listening Part 1

1、evening [听力原文] 1-4 W: Good evening.M: Hello.Do you have any vacant rooms at your hotel? W: I believe there may be one.Did you make a reservation in advance? M: No, we didn't.W: Well, we just received word that one reservation has been cancelled, so you arrived at a good time.M: I suppose so.By the way, how much is the room? W: It's $30 with TV and an extra bedroom.We have a pool in back.M: That's good.We need extra room for our two beds.W: If it is OK, let's step into our office to register.M: Do you want the payment in advance ? W: That's our policy.I'm sure you understand.M: Of course.What's the number of the unit ? W: No.61, on the second floor, over on the right.Here's the key.M: Thank you.I'll park the car over there first.Then I'll come right over to register.W: Certainly, sir.2、303、61

4、second

5、Linda [听力原文] 5-8 R: Good morning.Jianguo Hotel.Can I help you? M: Good morning.Could you put me through to Linda Blake, please? R: Who's calling, please? M: Helen Anderson.R: Hold the line, please.I'm sorry, the number's engaged.Would you like to hold? M: No, could I leave a message? R: Yes, of course.M: Could you tell her that tomorrow's meeting is cancelled? R: Meeting is cancelled.OK.M: And could you ask her to give me a ring? R: Certainly.Does she have your number? M: It's 5326673.R: Fine.I'll make sure that she gets your message.6、Helen

7、meeting8、5326673 Part 2

9、D [听力原文] Please remind your students that regular classes have been cancelled because of the mid-term exams.You can however meet with them on Friday;by that time the exams will be over.Afternoon classes were also cancelled because we're giving the Listening Exam during that part of the day.10、F [听力原文] We would like to remind instructors that student attendance constitutes 10% of the final grade.Please keep informing your students also about this.Stress the fact that since they're language learners, it's important for them to come to class as frequently as possible.Otherwise we cannot be held responsible for any negative results of our teaching on them.Please take attendance every morning and don't hesitate to mark them absent in case they're still not in class by the time you've finished calling out their names.This way you don't waste time with the attendance ritual every morning.11、[听力原文] I'd like to just remind you that you are welcome to drop bymy office and have a look at the final exams that have been prepared.The exams will be given the week of Jan.5-9 as earlier planned.We will inform the listening instructors next week whether their exams will be given in their individual classrooms or in other rooms.12、B [听力原文] Apparently some of the reading teachers are not sufficiently explaining vocabulary and grammar matters to their students, and only read out the answers found in the answer keys of their textbooks.Students are obviously unhappy about this situation.My recommendation is that you attempt to make clear to the students how you are conducting your class, and what exactly it is that you're doing.Perhaps it would be helpful if you were to also frequently answer/discuss/explain the answers of the exercises you're specifically dealing with, and not just simply read the answer key to them.13、C [听力原文] I would like you to take these complaints seriously.Some of them are obviously severe than others, but they all merit our attendance.Please attempt to modify or change your teaching styles and habits if you feel the complaints concern you.Do not hesitate to drop by my office in case you would like to have any further information about the above mentioned student statements of discontent.Part 3

14、B [听力原文] 15-23

Who First Started to Smoke?

Long ago, no one in Europe smoked.The tobacco plant was unknown there.It grew in America and Christopher Columbus found it there.Later he returned to Europe and told people about tobacco.He said that the American Indians often smoked it.One way of smoking was like this.The American Indians threw some tobacco leaves on a fire.Then they put long tubes in their mouths.The other ends of the tubes were over the fire, so they were able to draw the smoke into their mouths.About the year 1560 a Frenchman, Jean Nicot, was living in Lisbon, Portugal.He was very interested in all American plants.Some of them were very different from the plants of Europe.He used the leaves of the tobacco plant to cure pain.When a man had a bad pain in a leg or an arm, Nicot put tobacco leaves on the painful place and tried to cure the pain in that way.We now say that tobacco contains nicotine.The word nicotine comes from this man's name.Sir Walter Raleigh was a famous man in the days of Queen Elizabeth theFirst.He traveled widely and learnt to smoke.Then he returned to England, but he didn't stop smoking.He used to smoke two pipes every day secretly in his room.When anyone came in, he quickly hid his pipe.A man came in and found clouds of smoke in his room.More smoke was coming from Raleigh's mouth, so the man got some water and threw it over Raleigh.He believed that Raleigh was burning, He ran out of the house and told everybody about it.After this, smoking was not a secret.Raleigh had a sad life and died in 1618.He died bravely and quietly.He smoked a pipe just before his death.15、A

16、B

17、C

18、C

19、B 20、A

21、C

22、A

23、C Part 4

24、B [听力原文] 24－30

America Weighs In

Americans enjoy the most abundant and varied diet in the world.Food is cheap, plentiful, and tasty.All those readily available nutrients should make us a strong, healthy people.But for an increasing share of U.S.adults, life in the land of plenty is making them plenty fat.The percent of adults aged 20 to 74 who are obese based on their body mass index increased from 24 percent in the 1960s to 33 percent in 1988-9t.By 1994, the share of all adults aged 20 and older who are overweight climbed further, to 35 percent.Applying that rate to the adult population yields a total of 65 million U.S.adults aged 20 or older who were overweight in 1988-94.We don't get to blame the aging population, either.Overweight has become more prevalent among all age groups, not just the elderly.Children and adolescents are following the example of their elders.The share of children aged 6 to 11 who are overweight increased from 11 percent in the late 1970s to 14 percent in 1994.For children aged 12 to 17, the share doubled to 12 percent in 1994.Overweight people create markets for large-sized clothing and weight-loss products and services.But Americans seem to be losing interest in weight-loss diets.One market that is certain to benefit from this trend is health care.The National Center for Health Statistics(NCHS)says that overweight and obese adults are at increased risk for numerous acute and chronic conditions, ranging from high blood pressure to diabetes to arthritis．

Most doctors believe that a wide range of chronic ai lments can be prevented or mitigated by maintaining easonable body weight．Former Surgeon General C．Everett Koop recently said that if he had stayed in office longer,“1 would have launched the same assault On obesity that I did on smoking．”

25、B

26、A

27、C

28、A

29、B 30、C Reading

1、[解析] 文章第1句提出，使人类定居下来的决定性因素是农业。句D介绍了农业的产生时间以及它对人们生活的影响，为读者提供了有关农业的更多信息，因此D为正确选项。

2、[解析] 第2段首句提到了耕种是一次革命性的发现。句A“它不仅使定居成为可能，最终形成城市，并且可以提供稳定的食物来源。”很显然“它”指的是农业，这句话讲述了农业的重大作用，是对第1句中革命性的解释说明——为何耕种被称为革命性的发现，因此A为正确选项。

3、[解析] 文章接着提到，随着食物供应的增多，人口也开始增长，不断增长的人口从事更多种类的工作，这就使得社会结构更复杂。句F提到，由于有盈余的食物，一个社会团体就可以供养不从事农业劳动的各种工人。出现不从事农业劳动的工人是社会结构复杂的具体体现，因此选F。

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5、[解析] 第4段开头提出，“工区和气候存在一些差异，所有的古代文明或许都以相同的方式发展”。后句又提到，“陶器代替了动物皮所制作的瓢，来盛装食物和液体，羊毛制成衣服，用木料、砖头造房子，这些都是人类古代文明的发展模式”，句E“随着村子在扩大，积累了大量的物品”这也是古代文明的共同发展模式之一，随着物品的增多，人们才需要制作容器去储藏液体，这与第3句紧密相连，所以选E。

6、[解析] 第5段开头提到了数学是在农业的基础上发展起来的，人们研究月亮、太阳以及行星的运动来计算季节。计算季节是与年历紧密相连的，因此“他们就这样创造了第1部年历”为正确选项，“in doing so”指前面人们研究月亮、太阳及行星运动的行为。

7、[解析] 为了分割财产，需要有丈量土地面积的办法，在耕种和储存时，需要有计算种子和谷物的方法。这都是农业对数学发展的促进作用。句B“随着商品和钱币交换的普及，出现了价值尺度”也是其中的一个方面，与前两个方面是平行的关系，其作用是相同的，都指明了农业对数学发展的作用。

8、[解析] 文章最后一段的后半部分提到一个被称为“Fertile Crescent”的地方及其所覆盖的区域。句C中的“this area”就是指这一地区，与前句的“this region”相照应。

9、[解析] 本段讲印第安人曾经是美洲的主人，现在却在他们的保留地上，因此答案为A。

10、[解析] 本段讲印第安人与早期的殖民者之间的关系，因此答案为E。

11、[解析] 本段讲印第安人与殖民者之间的战争，因此符案为C。

12、[解析] 本段讲印第安人被无情地从他们的土地上赶走，因此答案为B。

13、[解析] 本段讲印第安人还在为提高他们的生活条件努力，因此答案为D。

14、C[解析] 本段中指出早期殖民者与印第安人相处和睦。他们与殖民者分享打猎、捕鱼、种植等知识，所以在殖民者看来印第安人是很愿意帮助人的，因此答案为C。

15、B[解析] 本段第3句中指出印第安人和法国人的战争于1745年开始，一直持续到1763年还没有结束，所以他们之间的战争持续了18年之久，因此答案为B。

16、E[解析] 信息参照最后一段：“Indian on reservations lead notoriously deprived lives．”，答案为E。

17、D[解析] 本段最后一句指出，目前印第安人正在通过两种方式改善他们的生活条件：“taken militant stand”和“appeal to the coups”，因此答案为D。

18、[解析] 从文章开始讲述印第安人的友好到他们与殖民者的战争，以及最后对他们的悲惨生活，作者一直都持有同情的态度，因此答案为A。

19、D [解析] 本题是主旨题。通观全文，可知作者要说明的是：社会福利改革使人们摆脱了对福利的依赖，过上了自立的生活，并改变了人们工作的道德观念。这一切都印证了作者在本文开头表明的观点。由此可见，正确符案为D。20、A [解析] 本题是推理题。根据第2段第2句和第3句就不难推断出，工作的人不能过上更好的日子的原因是他们工资太低。

21、D [解析] 本题是细节题。根据文章第3段：“For advocates for the poor，that’s an indication that much more needs to be done．”可知Athens country的贫因现象提示人们需要进一步努力以改善当地人们的生活水平。

22、C [解析] 本题是细节题。根据文章倒数第2段第2句可知此次社会福利改革的目标是改变人们工作的道德观，以使更多的人自觉自愿地自食其力，故C为正确答案。

23、A [解析] 本题是推理题。文章最后一段中的“the habit of dependency is cracked”，以及第1段中的“at least UN getting people off welfare”等语句可知，在福利改革政策实施之前，穷人一般是靠政府资助生活的。

24、A [解析] 本题是推理题。可参见第1段最后1句“It’s estimated that more than two million have left the roles since 1994.”

25、B [解析] 本题是理解题。通观全文，不难看出作者对福利改革的态度是积极的。

26、B [解析] [考点] 词义辨析

[分析] 本句意为：“一个国家的生活水平意味着该国人民______享受的产品和服务份额”。4个选项的意思分别是：A．common“普通的，共同的”；B．average“平均的”；C．ussual“通常的”；D．normal“正常的”。只有选项B．average符合题意。

27、A [解析] [考点]习惯搭配 [分析] 词组first and foremost意为“首要的”，本句表示“因而一个国家的生活标准主要取决于该国生产财富的能力”。又如：He does a bit of writing．but first and foremost he's a teacher.(他也写一些文章，但他主要是个教师。)

28、C [解析] [考点] 词义辨析 本句4个选项的意思分别是：A．(in this)way“在这一方面”；B．feeling“感觉”；C．sense“意义，感官”；D．occasion习惯上与介词on相搭配(on this occasionl，意为“在这一场合”。该句意为“财富在这一意义上不是指货币”，选项C．sense既符合题意又符合语法要求。

29、B [解析] [考点] 固定结构

[分析] 固定结构not„but意为“不是„„而是”。本句是解释这里财富为什么不是指货币，即“我们并不以钱为生，而是靠钱能购买的产晶与服务生活”，因此选项B．but正确。30、C [解析] [考点] 上下文推理

[分析] 根据本句中信息词entertainment(娱乐节目，招待)，可以判断选项C．transport“交通”正确，作者在此以二者为例，说明什么是setvice(服务)。选项A．vehicles“车辆”(交通工具中一种)；选项B．buses“公共汽车”(交通工具其中一种)；选项D．films“电影”(娱乐节目中一种)均因不符合逻辑要求而被排除。

31、D [解析] [考点]习惯搭配 [分析] 固定词组have an effecton意为“对„„有影响”，因此选项D．on正确。

32、D [解析] [考点]习惯搭配

[分析] 固定词组to„extent意为“达到„„程度”。本句是指“财富在极大程度上依靠一个国家的自然资源”，因此选项D．to正确。又如：The film had quite an effect onher(这影片对她的影响很大。)

33、C [解析] [考点] 形近词辨析

[分析] 本句4个选项的意思分别是：A．festal“节目的，欢乐的”；B．fervent“热情的”；C．fertile“富饶的”；D．fetid“臭恶的”。该句是指“肥沃的土壤”，只有选项C．fertile符合题意。

34、B [解析] [考点] 形近词辨析

[分析] 本句4个选项的意思分别是：A．pose“摆好姿势，引起，提出”；B．possess“具有，持有”；C．posse“地方武装团队”；D．posset“牛奶酒”。该句是指“其他地区不具备其中的任何一项”，只有选项B．possess符合题意。

35、B [解析] [考点] 倒装

[分析] 本句因状语提前而主谓倒装，主语是ability(能力)，因此选项B．comes正确，该句继上文讲述影响生产水平的因素，即“继自然资源的多寡之后就是利用他们的能力”。

36、C [解析] [考点] 上下文推理

[分析] 本句4个选项中只有选项C．civil“国内的”与external“外部的”搭配符合逻辑，因此该选项正确。其他3个选项意思分别是：A．military“军事的”；B．overseas“海外的”；D．international“国际的”，均不符合逻辑要求而被排除。

37、B [解析] [考点]习惯搭配 [分析] 词组be capable of(doing)sth．意为“能够做„„”，因此选项B．of developing正确，本句意为“由于某种原因，中国不能开发自己的资源”。又如：He is capable of running a mile in four minutes．(他能用4分钟跑完1英里。)

38、D [解析] [考点] 词义辨析

[分析] 本句4个选项的意思分别是：A．robust“健康，有活力的”；B．sturdy“健康的，牢固的”；C．strong“强壮的，有力的”；D．stable“稳定的”。该句指的是“可靠稳定的政治局势”，只有选项D．stable符合题意。

39、C [解析] [考点] 上下文推理

[分析] 通过上下文可推断本句指的是“比其他有同样优越的自然条件而政局稳定性筹些的国家，要创造更大的财富”，因此选项C．equally“同样地，平等地”符合逻辑要求。40、A [解析] [考点] 形近词辨析

[分析] 本句意为“一个国家的生活水平不仅仅取决于其国内生产和______的财富，也取决于通过对外贸易间接产生的财寓”。4个选项的意思分别是：A．consumed“消费”；B．assumed“假设”；C．presumed“假设，冒昧做”；D．resumed“开始做，重新得到”。只有选项A．consumed符合题意。

41、B [解析] [考点] 固定结构，上下文推理

[分析] 固定结构“much+adj．/adv．比较级”，表示“„„得多”，因此选项A．little、C．much可以被排除。根据上下文可判断句意为“如果英国只依赖本国的食物及农产品的话，它这方面带来的财富将会少得多”，选项B．less既符合语法要求又符合逻辑要求。

42、B [解析] [考点] 逻辑关系

[分析] 本句意为“国际贸易使英国能够用其富余的产品换来否则会匮乏的农产品”，选项B．otherwise“否则，要不然”符合逻辑要求。选项A．likely“可能”；C．likewise“同样地”；D．alike“相同的”均不符合逻辑要求，故排除。

43、C [解析] [考点] 词义辨析

[分析] 本句意为“因而一个国家的财寓受到该国生产力的很大______”。4个选项的意思分别是：A．impressed“给予深刻的印象”；B．effected“产生„„的影响，导致了„„”，如：The storm effected a flood in this area．(这场暴雨给这个地区造成了洪水。)；C．influenced“影响，对„„起作用，左右，支配”，如：It’s clear that her painting has been influenced by Picasso．(她的画显然受到Picasso的影响。)：D．infected“感染，传染”。只有选项C．influenced符合题意。

44、C [解析] [考点] 逻辑关系

[分析] 本句意为“一个国家的财富在很大程度上受其生产能力的影响______能有其他国家愿意„„其产品”，该处缺少连词，因此只有选项C．provided“只要，假如”是正确答案。又如：I will agree to go provided(that)my expenses are paid．(假如为我担负费用，我就同意去。)

45、B [解析] [考点] 上下文推理

[分析] 本句承接上一句，充当该句的条件从句。根据上下文可以推出，B．accept“接受”符合逻辑要求，代入句中该句意为“只要能有其他国家愿意接受其产品”。

Writing46、47、Oral Test48、Topic 3：An Extended Family or a Nuclear Family

—Do you know now there are mainly two types of families around US? —Yes．They are extended families and nuclear families．

—What do they mean respectively? —Well...Extended family refers to those with not only parents and children，but also grandparents or even other relatives living together．Nuclear family refers to those with only parents and children，and sometimes only husband and wife．

—Ah„That sounds interesting．I know nowadays there’re not so many extended families as before since most young people are living in a city other than their original hometown where their parents are living．

—That’s true．In this way young couples will have more time and space for their own movement and could arrange time based on their own living schedules．

—But don’t you think there will also be some problems for both young couples and their aged parents? —Maybe there’re some problems，but a nuclear family is still a better choice for modern families I think．

—I don’t think SO．Maybe I’m a little traditional．but it will do good to both aged parents and working couples to live together，especially for those with children．You know, parents could help with most of the heavy and time—consuming housework．Since the aged have almost completely retired and have enough time for this, housework will not become a burden for them.At the same time, adequate house chores could be a good form of exercise for old people.And young couples could have more relaxing time.—If housework could become good exercises for the aged, so could it for young people.Nowadays young couples mostly don't have enough room available for their parents.And they live with the parents, and they must take some extra care for their parents every day, which will destroy the advantages of living together.—But don't you think that care and communication would build up the affections between the two generations or three generations? —Not at all.I think just the contrary: it will destroy the relationships among them.I have heard much about the conflicts between two generations if they live together, especially between the two mother-in-laws.And those conflicts sometimes spread to the relationship between grandchildren and their grandparents.—That will not necessarily become a result of extended family.If both generations could develop healthy attitudes towards their relationships, without being influenced by current conflicting situations, they could get along quite well with each other after all.—Extended family is not the best or better way to get along well with another generation.Adult children could show their care for parents in other ways too.For example, by visiting them more often, by offering financial support to them and so on.—But that will not solve the problem at all.You know sometimes what aged parents want is far more than just money or visits from their children;they also need to feel their children around and communicate with grandchildren, which will be their greatest joy.—That's the traditional idea.Today's senior people have their new ways to enjoy life, going to training classes, doing volunteer works, joining in various associations...Topic 5: Differences Between Life in a Big City and in the Country

—More and more people are pouring in the city for the sake of more opportunities or more money.That's not a good thing actually.—Why do you say so? —Because we all know that life in the city is not so healthy at all.If I have the chance to live in the country, I will be quite glad to.—So you are tired of living in the city where you could enjoy all the conveniences at hand? —Probably.Living in the city might have some advantages over country life, but country life also has edges which city life could never even dream of, not to mention catching up with it.—I often hear people say that in some countries an increasing number of people are buying houses in the suburbs and drive to work every day, just to enjoy the fresh air, spacious room and quiet surroundings or even songs from birds.—These people are really wise, I think.But they must have a car first.Compared with life in the city, country life is more healthful.—But city life has something so attractive that you could hardly make the decision to leave it, for example, the eye-catching skyscrapers, many places for entertainment.—All those advantages are not a problem at all if people have determined to get rid of the disadvantages that have much stronger effect on them.—Are you saying that people could easily be rid of so many conveniences that they have been enjoying for so long and hoping to enjoy for a lifetime? Some people even have never imagined life without them!—I don't mean that's easy.The fact is those advantages are no more than people's addiction.Just like smoking, if we could live without them for quite some time, we will get used to the new life-style and enjoy it more without distractions from the outside world.—That's interesting.But I still doubt how many people are willing to sacrifice a modern lifestyle for one in the countryside.Anyway it is difficult for me.—Well, it's up to you and up to other people's own choice too.There will be those who are quite willing to change their habits just for a higher quality of life.

第三篇：湖南成人高等教育学士学位外语水平考试试题

2011年6月湖南成人高等教育学士学位外语水平考试试题

Part I Dialogue Completion(15 points)Directions: There are 15 short incomplete dialogues in this part, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the best one to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.1.Speaker A: That was a great dinner.You must have spent all day cooking.Speaker B: A.Yes, it was really very tiring.B.No, it’s really nothing.C.No, it’s only a casual meal.D.Thanks.But it only took two hours.2.Speaker A: I tried to buy you those towels you wanted on sale, but they only had these really ugly ones left.Sorry.Speaker B:They are not bad.3.Speaker A: What’s your favorite food? Speaker B: Pizza.Speaker A:.I prefer chocolate ice cream.A.Not me.B.So do I.C.Same here.D.You got it.4.Speaker A: This computer keeps giving me trouble.Speaker B:Try restarting it.A.See if that helps.B.I can do nothing about it.C.Who knows? D.What else? 5.Speaker A: Susan, I can’t get my old job jacket.It’s a lost cause.Speaker B: A.Can’t you? It serves you right.B.I understand.You’ll find something else.C.Yes, I know it’s not a good cause.D.Lost？Maybe I can help you find it.6.Speaker A: I had no idea the movie would end like that.Speaker B: I was really surprised.A.Me either.B.Me alike.C.I think so.D.Not that I know.7.Speaker A: I’m a little scared about the operation.Speaker B: , honey.The doctors will be there every step of the way.A.You know what.B.That’s good.C.Don’t worry.D.That’s it.8.Speaker A: Who left the refrigerator door open? Speaker B:.I haven’t been in the kitchen all day.A.Don’t look at me.B.You ask for it.C.You bet.D.Don’t be silly.9.Speaker A: Could you get me Extension 1058, please? Speaker B: A.Yes.This is operator speaking.B.OK.Here you are.C.No.I’m busy now.D.Sorry.The line is busy.10.Speaker A: You’ve been the first place winner in this writing contest.Congratulations！Speaker B: A.Yes.It’s quite easy for me.B.It’s very kind of you to say so.C.Thank you for the good news.D.Not at all.It’s nothing.11.Tourist: Excuse me;I’d like to go to the British Museum.Police: No, not really.It’s about a ten-minute walk.A.Can I walk there? B.Where is it? C.Is it far from here? D.Could you show me the way? 12.Speaker A: Hi, Linda.The train leaves at 10 pm and I could pick you up at 9.Speaker B: A.I think so.B.I can’t wait.C.Good for you.D.That’s fine with me.13.Speaker A: Sorry, I didn’t catch the last train.Speaker B: A.Don’t be sorry.B.Do you want me to repeat it? C.What else, please? D.I’m afraid that’s it.14.Speaker A: You must be Teddy.Thanks for coming.Speaker B: Yes, A.I’m fine.Thank you.B.I am.And you are…? C.Here I am.D.Who’s speaking please? 15.Speaker A: I wonder if you could tell me where to get map? Speaker B: A.I don’t know where you want to go.B.I have never heard about it.C.Sure, but I really have no idea.D.Well, maybe in the post office or bookstore.PART II Reading Comprehension(40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part.Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are 4 choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage one Just as Mrs.Waldman hands out the spelling test, you see Jeff pull out a small piece of paper with a lot of words on it.Jeff hides the note into his closed fist but soon takes it out again.While he’s taking the test, you see him looking back and forth between the teacher and his paper.There’s no mistaking it---he’s cheating.Cheating is when a person misleads, deceives, or acts dishonestly on purpose.For kids, cheating may happen at school, at home, or while playing a sport.If a baseball team is for kids who are 8 or younger, it’s cheating for a 9-year-old to play on the team.At school, in addition to cheating on a test, a kid might cheat by stealing someone else’s idea for a science project or by copying a book report off the internet and turning it in as if it’s his or her original work.One is inclined to cheat because it makes difficult things seem easy, like getting all the right answers on the test.But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material and it won’t help on the next test---unless the person cheats again.Sometimes it may seem like cheaters have it all figured out.They can watch TV instead of studying for the spelling test.But other people lose respect for cheaters and think less of them.The cheaters themselves may feel bad because they know they are not really earning that good grade.And, if they get caught cheating, they will be in trouble at school, and maybe at home, too.Some kids cheat because they’re busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying.Other kids might feel like they can’t pass the test without cheating.Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.16.Why did Jeff look at the teacher from time to time while taking the test? A.He was afraid that the teacher might find out what he was doing.B.He had a question for the teacher but was afraid to ask.C.He wanted to get the teacher’s attention.D.He wanted to hand in his paper as he was done with it.17.According to the author, cheating A.occurs mainly in test-related settings B.can take on various forms and happen anywhere C.usually happens when one is doing a science project D.happens when we don’t know the answer to a question 18.What can’t cheating help to do? A.To pass examinations.B.To get a satisfactory score.C.To make difficult things easy.D.To really get the knowledge.19.Which of the following statements is closest in meaning to “cheaters have it all figured out”(Para.5)? A.Cheaters know they won’t be caught.B.Cheaters make a plan in advance.C.Cheaters can reach a balance between work and play.D.Cheaters clearly know the consequences of cheating.20.The main purpose of the passage is to A.inform readers why people cheat B.predict possible consequences of cheating C.persuade students to quit cheating D.discuss different occasions when people cheat

Passage Two Experts say over half of the world’s seven thousand languages are in danger of disappearing.Every two weeks one language disappears.Sometimes a language disappears immediately when the last person speaking it dies.Or, a local language might disappear more slowly.This happens when an official language is used more often and children stop learning the local language of their parents.Official languages often represent a form of control over a group of people.Throughout history, the language spoken by a powerful group spreads across a civilization.The more powerful culture rarely respects the language and culture of smaller groups.Smaller cultures lose their local language as the language of the culture in power has a stronger influence.Experts say protecting languages is very important for many reasons.Languages contain the histories, ideas and knowledge of a culture.Languages also contain valuable information about local medicines, plants and animals.Many endangered languages are spoken by native cultures in close contact with the natural world.Their ancient languages contain a great deal of information about environmental systems and species of plants and animals that are unknown to scientists.As the last speakers of a language die off, the valuable information carried within a language also disappears.Language is, in many ways, a window to the mind and the world.Any hope for protecting languages can be found in children and their willingness to learn.It is these young people who can keep this form of culture alive for future generations.21.Which of the following is true? A.No one can prevent languages from disappearing.B.There will not be any local languages left some day.C.There have existed 7,000 languages in history.D.Half of the world’s languages will possibly disappear.22.An official language is a language that A.is highly advanced B.has a stronger influence C.competes with a local language D.has a longer history 23.Language is a window to the mind and the world because A.it contains information about both culture and nature.B.it represents the working of the human minds C.local languages are more closely related to culture D.ancient languages can reveal ancient people’s thoughts 24.According to the passage, a language will be better protected when A.it is linked to a powerful culture B.people are forced to speak it C.it keeps pace with the times D.children are interested in learning it 25.The passage mainly discusses A.language and culture B.the power of language C.language protection D.local languages

Passage Three There’s a professor at the University of Toronto in Canada who has come up with a term to describe the way a lot of us North Americans interact these years.And now a big research study confirms it.Barry Wellman’s term is “networked individualism.” It’s not the easiest concept to grasp.In fact, the words seem to contradict each other.How can we be individualistic and networked at the same time? You need other people for networks.Here’s what he means.Until the Internet and e-mail came along, our social networks involved flesh-and-blood relatives, friends, neighbors, and colleagues at work.Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.But the latest study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project confirms that for a lot of people, electronic interaction through the computer has replaced a great deal of social interchange.A lot of folks Pew talked with say that’s a good thing, because of concerns that the Internet was turning us into hermits(隐居者)who shut out other people in favor of a make-believe world on computer screens.To the contrary, the Pew study discovered.The Internet has put us in touch with many MORE real people than we’d have ever imagined.Helpful people, too.We’re turning to an ever-growing list of cyber friends for advice on careers, medical crises, child-rearing, and choosing a school or college.About 60 million Americans told Pew that the Internet plays an important or crucial role in helping them deal with major life decisions.So we networked individuals are pretty tricky: we’re keeping more to ourselves, while at the same time reaching out to more people, all with just the click of a computer mouse!26.The Pew study was conducted in A.Latin America B.Canada C.the United States D.Europe 27.In this passage, the network refers to a lot of connected A.friends B.people C.computers D.roads 28.Before the invention of the Internet, our connections with people took place mainly A.in person B.by phone C.by letter D.by e-mail 29.Which of the following has happened since the invention of the Internet? A.People talk on the phone more than ever.B.Much personal interaction has given way to computer interaction.C.Americans are getting more isolated.D.Americans have become more dependent on computers.30.According to the Pew study, the role played by the Internet in human interaction is A.neutral B.negative C.unclear D.positive

Passage Four President Obama has signed legislation to make the biggest changes in the health care system in forty-five years.Many parts of the plan will fully take effect in four years.But some take effect quickly.For example, in six months the new law will ban insurance companies from denying coverage to children with pre-existing health conditions.Adults with pre-existing conditions will be added in four years.The government will help millions of people pay for insurance.It will also permit millions more to receive free coverage through the Medicaid program for the poor.In all, the plan aims to make health insurance available to 32 million people now without it.Illegal immigrants will not be able to take part.An estimated 83% of people under 65 who are in the US legally now have insurance coverage.The plan is expected to raise that to 95% within several years.People over 65 are covered by the Medicaid insurance program which the government created in 1965.For the first time, Americans will be required to have health insurance or face a yearly fine starting in four years.The law will also require companies with more than 50 employees to offer coverage.If not, they could face a fine of $2,000 a year for every worker.Also, this year the law will start closing what is known as “the doughnut hole”.That is a lack of Medicaid coverage for some drug costs for older Americans.President Obama promised senior citizens that the reforms will not cut their guaranteed benefits.The changes are expected to cost about $940 billion over ten years, but also help reduce the federal budget deficit.31.According to the new health care plan, which of the following will be added first into insurance programs? A.Employees of small companies.B.Adults with pre-existing health conditions.C.Poor people now without health insurance.D.Children with pre-existing health conditions.32.It can be inferred from the passage that the new Medicaid program for the poor will A.provide free health insurance for 32 million people B.provide free health insurance for all poor people C.be also applied to legal immigrants D.cover 83% of the people under 65 33.It seems that at present, large companies that do not offer health insurance coverage to their employees A.face heavy fines B.do not receive punishments C.are required to do so D.do not benefit from doing so 34.The “doughnut hole” implies that are not covered by the existing Medicaid program.A.some drug costs for older Americans B.senior citizens over 65 C.illegal immigrants D.expensed for hospital stay 35.Generally speaking, President Obama’s health insurance reform will A.bring heavy financial burdens to the country B.pose heavy financial burdens to the poor C.benefit both the people and the country D.be welcomed by the poor but opposed by companies.PART III Vocabulary and Structure(20 points)Directions : There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part.For each sentence there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that best completes the sentences.Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.36.You can arrive in Guangzhou on time for the fashion show you don’t mind taking the night train.A.provided B.unless C.though D.until 37.The students are still taking about the strange people they on their trip.A.meet B.had met C.were met D.met 38.The players expected there more free time after going back to the country from abroad.A.is B.being C.have been D.to be 39.The man who stopped from time to time as if he wanted to tie his shoelaces.A.was being followed B.was to follow C.had followed D.was once followed 40.has finished the task ahead of time will be rewarded, though we don’t know who it will be.A.Those who B.Anyone C.Whoever D.Who 41.At last I decided to pay a visit to my new general manager as soon as I A.finish what I did B.finished what I did C.would finish what I was doing D.finished what I was doing 42.These two countries are similar they both have a high snowfall during winter.A.to that B.besides that C.in that D.except that 43.They were surprised that a four-day-old boy should work out such a difficult problem they themselves couldn’t.A.once B.then C.while D.if 44.Word has come a large number of the British Airway employees will go on strike next week.A.that B.what C.when D.whether 45.We would say it’s the best use that this money.A.could be made of B.could be made C.could we make D.could make of 46.It’s getting late.Weleave now, or we’ll miss the last bus.A.had rather B.had better C.would rather D.would better 47.It is that a hundred people can dance in it.A.so large a room B.so a large room C.such large a room D.a such large room 48.I can never thank you much for your help.Without it, I couldn’t have finished my paper.A.so B.too C.as D.very 49.When I met her this morning, she had this look on her face.She must have worked late last night.A.tire B.tired C.tiring D.tiresome 50.Hawaii is a palace to relax;it’s also a marvelous spot to surf.A.much as B.less than C.more than D.rather as 51.I cannot believe that he my offer.A.turned on B.turned off C.turned down D.turned over 52.It was one of the most beautiful scenes I had ever set my eyes A.to B.on C.off D.for 53.Though the Chinese medicine tastes, it surely helps.A.bad B.badly C.worse D.worst 54.Night, the girl studying in her room switched on the light to do more reading.A.is falling B.has fallen C.fell D.having fallen 55.Doctors have said that as many as 50 percent of patients don’t take medicine directed.A.like B.so C.which D.as 56.The traditional approach to dealing with complex problems is to into smaller, more easily managed ones.A.break them down B.take them down C.make them up D.bring them up 57.Since man depends such a great extent on forests, every effort must be made to preserve trees and wildlife.A.on B.in C.to D.at 58.Many animals that lived thousands of years ago are now A.extinct B.existent C.distinct D.diverse 59.The government gave a very explanation of its plans for the development of electronic industry.A.comprehensible B.comprehensive C.expressive D.intensive 60.Many students because they are not prepared for our challenging program.A.turn out B.fall out C.let out D.drop out 61.When she said she would be ready to help us out, she well.A.meant B.pointed C.looked D.sensed 62.A dynamic free-market system can generate prosperity and progress on a global A.size B.scope C.scale D.dimension 63.More flight will be opened across the country with the fast growth of tourism.A.roads B.ways C.paths D.routes 64.Please your telephone message by writing to me.A.infer B.inform C.confirm D.contact 65.Red Cross is the operation to fly in supplies to the refuges.A.in touch of B.in charge of C.in honor of D.in pursuit of 66.Your debt situation is only temporary, and it is within your to resolve it.A.position B.strength C.power D.right 67.Suffering was easier to than the bitterness he felt destroying his spirit.A.bear B.resist C.take D.put 68.Most recent opinion polls suggest that the between the two parties has narrowed.A.distance B.gap C.lag D.disagreement 69.Due to the fog, the flight will be cancelled---we apologize for any A.discomfort B.bother C.difficulty D.inconvenience 70.They had mistaken me for Williams, but during dinner the confusion was A.raised up B.backed up C.mixed up D.cleared up 71.I should have gone with my first, which was not to do the interview.A.emotion B.instinct C.response D.sense 72.In the meantime, the question facing the committee is whether such research is the costs.A.worth B.value C.worthy D.valuable 73.We can accept your order payment is made in advance, including the transportation expenses.A.in the belief that B.in order that C.on the excuse that D.on condition that 74.The project manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to the investment plan within a week.A.look out B.make out C.work out D.hold out 75.To be truly successful, you must recognize what you and what your life interests are.A.maintains B.motivates C.dominates D.determines

Part IV Cloze Test(10 points)Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passag.For each numbered blank , there are 4 choices marked A,B, C and D.Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Mass immigration has benefited the economy greatly over the past ten years, a report claims today.It has helped avoid 76 of labor and skilled workers and the economy has been able to stay on a “stable growth path”, 77 the Work Foundation.Interest and inflation rates have also been kept 78 as a result of people coming to work in Britain---and this has not led to lower wages for workers or 79 unemployment levels.“The government has had hard time over immigration, not because it has lost control of the issue, 80 because it has failed to tell a convincing story 81 steady high-quality information,” the report claims.“The official statistics are so irregular that the government finds 82 difficult to defend otherwise good policies.” The Work Foundation is calling for work restrictions 83 Romanians and Bulgarians to be relaxed.The countries joined the European Union last year but their citizens do not have full 84 to move to Britain.The findings contrast with a recent House of Lords report, 85 said there was no evidence to suggest immigration generated significant economic benefits for the country.76.A.neglect B.shortage C.ignorance D.lacking 77.A.seeing to B.owing to C.according to D.referring to 78.A.lesser B.less C.fewer D.lower 79.A.affected B.effected C.infected D.selected 80.A.and B.or C.either D.but 81.A.linked to B.based on C.interested in D.taken in 82.A.them B.it C.that D.this 83.A.to B.for C.on D.at 84.A.powers B.forces C.rights D.strengths 85.A.which B.it C.this D.that Part V

Writing(15point)Directions: You are to write in 100-120 words about the title “The Problem(s)I Face(d)on My Job”.You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:

职场打拼不容易我在职场（曾经）遇到的问题是······解决的办法是······结论

参考答案及精解 PartⅠ.Dialogue Completion(15 points)1.D 在回答对方赞扬时，英语中习惯的回答是“谢谢”。因此D为正确答案。2.C 当对方为所做的事情表示“歉意（sorry）”时，英语中习惯的回答不是“批评”。ABD三个答案都有“批评”的意思。因此C为正确答案。

3.D “Not me”的意思是“不是我；我不行；我不适合”；“So do I”的意思是“我也一样”；“Same here”的意思是“我也是，彼此彼此”；“You got it”的意思是“没问题，你干掉它！给你啦！”。针对说话人B回答“Pizza”时，说话人A说他自己喜欢巧克力冰激凌。根据此情景，说话人A应该是赞同说话人B的观点，但是自己却有不同的选择。因此选项D为正确答案。

4.A 当说话人A对电脑表示抱怨时，说话人B回答道“把电脑重启吧！”这是在给出建议，与此建议相搭配的应该是A答案“看看会不会好一点：是否有用”；B答案表达的是“无能为力”；C答案表达的是“谁知道？”；D答案表达的是“还有啥？”

5.A “It’s a lost cause.”是句习语，其意思是“没希望了”。C答案当中的“cause”和D答案当中的“Lost”都误解了习语当中的意思，B答案与说话人A的话不相关。A答案表达的是一种责备。“It serves you right!”的意思是“活该”。

6.A A答案的意思是“我也是”，用于强调含否定意义的短语；没有“Me alike”这种表达；C答案用于肯定的认同；D答案应该是“Not that I know of”，其意思是“我不知道；据我所知不是那样”。因此选项A为正确答案。

7.C You know what?（你知道吗？）；That's good！（太好了！）；Don’t worry（不用担心）；That’s it.（对；就是这样了；就这么回事；就是如此了）。说话人A表示了对手术的恐惧，说话人B对其进行了安慰。因此C选项为正确答案。8.A Don’t look at me（别看着我，与我无关！）；You ask for it!（活该；自找的！）；You bet！（你可确信；的确；当然！）；Don’t be silly！（别傻了；别犯傻）。根据上下文，A选项为正确答案。

9.D 说话人A说：“麻烦接分机1058.”该句话并不是真正意义上的疑问句，所以回答不用“Yes”或者“No”。B答案：“好的，给你”不符合对话场景。D选项“对不起，您要的电话正忙”符合该打电话场景。

10.C 说话人A对说话人B表示祝贺，习惯的回答首先是“谢谢！”C选项“Thank you for the good news”（非常感谢你的这个好消息）符合题意，为正确答案。

11.C 游客说“想去大英博物馆”，警察回答“不，不是很远。大约十分钟的路程”，这说明游客问的是“远近”问题。根据情境，C选项符合该场景。12.D I think so（我也这样认为）；I can’t wait（我迫不及待）；Good for you!（好得很！真服了你；对你有好处）；That’s fine with me.（好；没问题；我没意见）。说话人A说“火车10点出发，我9点钟能够来接你”，根据四个选项的意义，D选项符合该场景。

13.A 说话人A对未能赶上最后一趟火车而感到歉意，英语中习惯的回答不是“批评”。因此A选项“请不必说抱歉”符合该场景。

14.B 说话人A说“你肯定就是特迪。欢迎你来！”，这表明说话双方应该相互不认识。“I’m fine.Thank you.”是对“How do you do?”的回答。“Here I am.”的意思是“我是；我到了；我就在这里”。“Who’s speaking please?”是电话用语。因此B选项“我是特迪。请问你是......？”符合此情景。

15.C 选项AB答非所问。“I wonder if you could tell me where to get map?”是个一般疑问句，对其肯定的回答一般用“Yes”或者“Sure”。因此答案选C。PartⅡ.Reading Comprehension(40points)Passage 1 16.A 细节推断题。根据“There’s no mistaking it---he’s cheating.”和“you see him looking back and forth between the teacher and his paper”，我们可以推断出Jeff害怕（afraid）被老师发现其作弊。

17.A 细节分析题。B选项当中的“anywhere”，C选项当中的“usually”，以及D选项当中的“happens when we don’t know the answer to a question”均未在文章中出现。从“At school, in addition to cheating on a test,”可以得出“mainly in test-related settings”的分析结果。

18.D 细节推断题。文章第四段第二句“But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material„”与“can’t help to really get the knowledge”意义对应，由此可知答案为D项。

19.D 单词释义题。“have it all figured out”意为“弄明白什么事情；把事情搞清楚了”，这与D选项当中的“clearly know the consequences of cheating”意义对应。因此D选项为正确答案。20.C 文章主旨题。文章最后一句话“Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.”表明了文章的主旨——“quit cheating”。

参考译文：正当沃德曼太太分发拼写试卷时，你看见杰夫拿出一张上面写满密密麻麻词语的小纸片。杰夫把它藏在自己紧握的拳头中，但是很快又把它拿了出来。当他正在进行考试时，你看见他的目光来来回回地在老师与试卷间徘徊。错不了——他在作弊。当一个人出现故意误导、欺骗或不诚实行为时，这就是作弊。对于孩子来说，舞弊可能发生在学校，家庭或进行一场运动比赛时。如果一支棒球队只能由8岁或更小的孩子组成的话，那么9岁孩子参与其中便是一种作弊。在学校，除了试卷上的作弊，小孩子也可能通过盗取他人在科学项目上的思想或通过网络抄袭读书报告，并把它作为是自己的原创作品提交上去而作弊。一个人倾向于作弊是因为作弊似乎让复杂的事情看起来简单了，就像能够获得试卷上的正确答案一样。但是作弊并不能帮你解决你所不知道的问题，而且它对下一次考试也无益——除非这个人继续作弊。有时候作弊者似乎是一切都明白。他们可能看电视而不去为了拼写测试学习。但是其他人却对这些作弊者失去了尊重，并且看不起他们。作弊者自己也许会因为他们自己参了水分的成绩而感觉糟糕。而且，如果他们作弊被抓，他们在学校将陷入麻烦之中，可能在家里也难逃麻烦。一些孩子作弊是因为他们很忙或者很懒，不想花时间学习就想得到好成绩。其他一些孩子认为自己如果不作弊的话就无法通过考试。即使当每一次作弊都看上去理由充分时，但作弊不是个好主意。

Passage 2 21.D 细节分析题。A选项当中的“No one”和B选项当中的“not be any”都是非常绝对的答案，文中没有提及。C选项当中的“7,000 languages in history”属于过度概括，文中也没有提及。D选项当中的“will possibly disappear”是对文章第一段第一句的正确解读。

22.B 细节分析题。根据文章第二段第二句当中所提及的official language “is used more often” and “often represent a form of control over a group of people.”，我们可以得出official language has a stronger influence。选项ACD均未在文中提及。

23.A 细节分析题。第四段第二、三句“Languages contain the histories, ideas and knowledge of a culture.Languages also contain valuable information about local medicines, plants and animals.”中包含了“culture and nature”的信息，由此可分析出A选项为正确答案。BCD当中的“the working of the human minds”，“more closely”和“reveal ancient people’s thoughts”文中均未提及。

24.D 细节分析题。由文中最后一段第一句“Any hope for protecting languages can be found in children and their willingness to learn.可推断选项D正确，其余各项文中均未提及。25.C 文章主旨题。文章第四段第一句“Experts say protecting languages is very important for many reasons.”是主题句，而且文章最后一句提到“It is these young people who can keep this form of culture alive for future generations.”，而“this form of culture”指的就是“language”，由此可知C项正确。

参考译文：专家说世界上的7000种语言，大约有超过一半以上的语言面临着消失的危险。每两个星期就有一种语言消失。有时候当最后一个懂这门语言的人死了，这一种语言也就立即消失了。或者，一种当地的语言也许会更加缓慢地消失。当一种官方语言被更加广泛地使用，孩子们不再学习他们父母当地的语言，这种情况就会发生。官方语言往往代表着对一群人的一种控制。纵观历史，一个强势群体所使用的语言会扩展到其文明。这种更具影响力的文化很少尊重那些弱小种族的语言和文化。当强势群体的语言起着更加强大影响力的时候，弱势群体便失去自己的地方语言。专家们有充分理由来说明保护语言是十分重要的。语言包含着一种文化的历史、思想以及知识。语言也同样包含着一些关于当地医学、植物和动物的有价值的信息。许多濒临灭绝的语言是被那些与自然世界紧密相连的当地文化所使用。他们古老的语言中蕴含着许许多多关于环境体系和科学家们未知动植物种类的信息。当这门语言最后的掌握者离去时，这一种语言中所携带的有价值的信息也就消失了。从众多角度来说，语言是心灵和世界的一扇窗。保护语言的希望可以从孩子们身上以及他们学习语言的意愿当中找到。能够为我们将来的子孙后代保存这种文化形式的人正是这些年轻人。

Passage 3 26.C 细节推断题。由文章第四段第一句话“the Pew Internet and American Life Project”和第五段的最后一句“About 60 million Americans told Pew”可知C项正确。

27.B 细节推断题。文章第二段第二句提到“Until the Internet and e-mail came along, our social networks involved flesh-and-blood relatives, friends, neighbors, and colleagues at work.”，中间的“relatives, friends, neighbors, and colleagues at work”指的都是“people”，由此可知B项正确。

28.A 细节推断题。由文章第二段第三句“Some of the interaction was by phone, but it was still voice to voice, person to person, in real time.”中的“person to person”可知A项正确。

29.B 细节推断题。由文章第四段第一句“electronic interaction through the computer has replaced a great deal of social interchange.”可知B项正确。30.A 文章主旨题。从文章最后一段“So we networked individuals are pretty tricky...”可以看出作者中立的观点，因此A项正确。

参考译文：加拿大多伦多大学的一名教授提出了一个术语，这个术语描述了我们很多北美人近年来的互动方式。并且一项重大的研究调查证实了这一点。巴利〃威尔曼的术语是“网络个体主义 ”。这并不是个容易理解的概念。实际上，这两个字看上去自相矛盾。我们怎么可以同时做到个性化并且网络化？你需要其他人来组建你的网络。这是他一直所认为的。在互联网和电子邮件的到来之前，我们的社交网络涉及有血有肉的亲戚、朋友、邻居以及共事的同事。其中一些交流是靠手机，但是仍然是实时的声音对声音，人与人之间的交流。但是佩尤研究中心“网络与美国生活项目”的最新研究证实，对于大多数人来说，通过电脑的电子互动已经替代了一大部分的社会交流。互联网正在让我们成为拒绝其他人而支持电脑屏幕上的虚幻世界的隐居者，因为对此的关心，佩尤研究中心所调查的很多人认为这是件好事。相反，佩尤研究中心的研究表明：互联网让我们接触到的人比我们真实想象到的要多得多，同时还很用帮助的人。为了寻求有关求职、医疗风险、小孩抚养和选择学校或大学的建议，我们正在不断扩大网络交际面。大约有6000万美国人通过佩尤研究中心认为互联网在帮助他们作出人生的重要抉择时起着一个至关重要的作用。所以我们这些网络化的个人很是滑稽：我们自己不愿意与人交际，与此同时又去接触更多的人，我们所需要做的仅仅是点击一下鼠标。

Passage 4

31.B 细节推断题。文章第一段最后一句提到“Adults with pre-existing conditions will be added in four years.”（四年之内，有过往病史的成年人也将纳入投保范围），由此推断答案为B。

32.A 细节推断题。由文章第二段第三句“In all, the plan aims to make health insurance available to 32 million people now without it.”（总之，该计划目的在于为目前没有医疗保险的三千两百万美国人提供保险。）可知A项正确。33.B 细节推断题。文章第四段第二、三句句提到“The law will also require companies with more than 50 employees to offer coverage.If not, they could face a fine of $2,000 a year for every worker.”（该法律还要求拥有超过50名雇员的公司参保。否则，他们将面临2,000美元每人每年的罚款。），这就意味着现在没有对应的惩罚。由此可知B项正确。34.A 细节推断题。文中第五段第二句提到“That is a lack of Medicaid coverage for some drug costs for older Americans.”（这指的是医疗保障项目对美国老年人使用的某些药物费用缺少覆盖。），由此可知A项正确。

35.C 文章主旨题。从文章第二段第一句“The government will help millions of people pay for insurance.”和文章最后一句“...but also help reduce the federal budget deficit.”可知奥巴马的医疗改革将“benefit both the people and the country”。因此C项正确，其余各项文章均无提及。

参考译文：奥巴马总统已经签署法律，对医保体系进行45年来最大的改革。这项计划的许多部分需要四年时间才能全面生效，但是其中一些措施将很快生效。例如，六个月之内，新的法律将禁止保险公司拒绝为存在过往病史（pre-existing conditions）的儿童投保。四年之内，有过往病史的成年人也将纳入投保范围。政府将帮助数百万人支付保险费用，还将允许数百万人通过低收入人口医疗保障计划(Medicaid program)获得免费覆盖。总之，该计划目的在于为目前没有医疗保险的三千两百万美国人提供保险。但非法移民将不能参加。现在，预计83%合法居住在美国的65岁以下的人口被保险覆盖，该计划期望在几年之内将医保覆盖面提升至95%。65岁以上人口由政府在1965年设立的医疗保障项目(Medicare)提供保险覆盖。四年之内，美国民众将第一次被要求参加医疗保险，否则每年都将面临罚款。该法律还要求拥有超过50名雇员的公司参保。否则，他们将面临2,000美元每人每年的罚款。今年，该法律还将关闭所谓的“甜甜圈洞”。这指的是医疗保障项目对美国老年人使用的某些药物费用缺少覆盖。奥巴马总统向年长市民承诺，医疗改革不会削减他们的保证利益。这项长达10年的计划预计将耗资9400亿美元，但是同时帮助削减了联邦预算赤字。

Part III.Vocabulary and Structures(20 points)36.A provided 引导句子时有“假定”之意。provided（常 ~ that；表条件）在„条件下；倘若，假若，只要(only if)；unless 除非，如果不(= if„not)；though虽然；尽管；until在„以前；直到„时。题干意思：如果你不介意乘坐这趟夜间火车的话，你就能够准时到达广州赶上时装秀。

37.D 本题考查时态。旅途中的“遇见”是过去发生的动作，因此排除A（一般现在时）和C（被动语态）；B选项（过去完成时）一般与过去式组合。因此正确答案为D。题干意思：学生们正在谈论他们在旅途中遇见的陌生人。38.D 本题考查There be的用法。“There being”通常表示“已经存在”的事情。“There to be”可以用作一个动词的宾语，我们通常称之为复合宾语，其意义常表示对将来的一种意愿或希望，但目前还没“存在”。题干意思：这群运动员期望回国之后有更多的自由时间。39.A 本题考查过去进行时被动语态的用法。本句所强调的是“正在”被跟踪，因此要用过去进行时的被动语态。题干意思：被跟踪的这个人时不时地停下来，好像是想去系鞋带。

40.A 本题考查的是名词性从句引导词。“will be rewarded”是真正的谓语动词，前面应当是名词性定语从句做主语。A选项“Those who”与“who it will be（单数）”相矛盾；B选项应当是“Anyone who”；D选项与题意不符。题干意思：虽然我们不知道这个人是谁，但是无论谁提前完成此项工作都将获得奖励。

41.D 根据题意，as soon as所引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词finish所发生的时间为“过去将来”。这里的“过去将来”要用一般过去时来表示，不用过去将来时，因而选项D是正确答案。as soon as所引起的时间状语从句中，用一般过去时表示“过去将来”时间的用法，类似于用一般现在时来表示“将来”时间的用法。题干意思：最后我决定一做完手头的工作就去拜访我的新任总经理。42.C besides that此外；in that意为“因为”；except that只可惜；除了„之外。题干意思：这两个国家的情形相似，因为冬季降雪很多。

43.C while是并列连词，意为“而，却”，前后有对比的意味。题干意思：一个四天大的男孩竟然能够解决如此有难度的问题，而他们自己却不能，对此他们很是惊讶。44.A that可引导同位语从句，说明被修饰名词的内容。题干意思：有消息称下周很多英国航空公司职员将参加罢工。

45.A 这个一个主语从句，it 指代 that 后面的内容。be made of 是固定词组，意为“利用”。题干意思：我们可以说这是这笔钱的最好用处。46.A had rather宁肯，宁愿；had better最好；would rather宁愿，宁可；would better应该，必须。题干意思：天不早了。我们最好马上就走，否则就赶不上最后一趟班车了。47.A 引导结果状语从句的句型主要有：so＋adj(adv)＋that从句；so＋adj＋a(an)＋n＋that从句；such＋a(an)＋adj＋n＋that从句。表示“这样„„（一个）„„以至于„„”。题干意思：这么大的一座房子以至于可以容纳一百个人一同跳舞。

48.B I can never thank you too much.意为“我无论怎么感谢你都不为过（多）——即感激不尽。”类似的表达还有 I can’t agree more——非常赞同。题干意思：对你的帮助我表示感激不尽。若是没有你的帮助，我不能完成我的论文。49.B tire轮胎，使疲倦，厌烦，劳累；tired疲倦的，疲惫的，感到疲倦；tiring累人的；tiresome 令人厌烦，无聊的，吃力的。题干意思：今天早上碰到她时，她一脸疲惫，昨天肯定是工作到很晚。

50.B much as（虽然，尽管）表让步；less than小于,决不,毫不；more than不仅仅是，超过；rather as不是标准词组。题干意思：夏威夷不仅是个休闲天堂，同时还是个飘浪的绝佳地方。

51.B turned on打开，发动；turned off关上，出产，解雇；turned down关小，调低，拒绝； turned over翻过来，翻倒；移交，交；仔细考虑。题干意思：他拒绝我所开出的条件，我简直不能相信。

52.B set eyes on是固定词组，意为见到，望见。题干意思：这是我见过的最漂亮的景色之一。

53.A taste在这里做感官系动词，后面接形容词做补足语，说明主语情况，类似的系动词还有feel, sound, smell。题干意思：这中药虽然尝起来苦，但肯定是有帮助的。54.D 本题的后半部分是主句，真正的谓语动词是switched on。Night引导的是从句，having fallen是现在分词完成式，做状语。题干意思：夜幕降临时，在房里学习的这个女孩打开了灯，想接着读。55.D as directed为as they are directed的省略形式，as引导方式状语，意为“象„”而like为介词，不可引导从句。当从句中的主语与主句中的主语一致时，从句中的主语和谓语动词的一部分可以省略。题干意思：医生们说有百分之50之多的病人不按说明书用药。56.B break down分解；take down记下，拿下，拆卸，病倒；make up弥补，组成，化妆，整理，捏造；bring up提出，教育，养育，呕出，（船等）停下。题干意思：对于复杂问题的解决办法一般就是把问题分成多个小一些，简单一些的问题来处理。57.C to such a great extent意为“这么大的程度上”。题干意思：由于人类这么大程度上依赖深林，因此我们应尽一切的努力以保护树木和野生动物。

58.A extinct灭绝的，绝种的，熄灭的；existent生存者，存在的；distinct明显的，独特的，清楚的，有区别的；diverse不同的，多种多样的，变化多的。题干意思：许多生活在几千年以前的动物现在已经没绝了。

59.B comprehensible可理解的；comprehensive广泛的，综合的；expressive有表现力的；intensive加强的，集中的，加强语气的。题干意思：政府对电子工业发展的规划作了详尽的解释。

60.D turn out生产，结果是，关掉，出动，驱逐；fall out脱落，争吵，离队；let out放出，泄露，出租；drop out退出，退学，脱离。题干意思：许多学生因为没有准备好应对我们的挑战性项目而中途退出了。

61.A she meant well意为“她是好意的”；pointed指出；looked看起来；sensed感觉。题干意思：当她说她准备帮助我们摆脱困境时，她是好意的。

62.C size大小，尺寸；scope范围，余地，视野，眼界，导弹射程；scale规模，比例，鳞，刻度，天平，数值范围；dimension维，尺，次元，容积。on a global scale是个固定词组，意为“全球规模的，全球性的，全球范围内”。题干意思：一个有活力的自由市场体系能够在全球范围内促成繁荣与进步。

63.D road公路，道路，手段；way方法，道路，方向，行业，习惯；path道路，小路，轨道；route路线，航线，通道，flight routes航线。题干意思：随着旅游业的快速增长，国与国之间将开辟更多的航线。

64.C infer推断，推论；inform通知，告诉，报告；confirm进一步证实，确定，支持；contact联系，接触。题干意思：请给我来封信，好进一步证实你在电话中传达的消息。

65.B in touch of可接近的，可做到的，可达到的；in charge of负责，主管；in honor of向„致敬，向„表示敬意，为庆祝„；in pursuit of寻求，追求。题干意思：红十字会负责向难民空运供给。66.C position位置，职位，姿态；strength力量，强度，力气，兵力，长处；power力量，势力，动力；right正确，右边，正义，权利。within one’s power意为“力所能及”。题干意思：你的债务状况只是暂时，你有能力解决。

67.A bear结果实，忍受，具有，支撑；resist抵抗，忍耐，忍住；take拿，取，采取，吃，接受；put放，表达，移动，安置，赋予。题干意思：与他感觉自己的精神被摧毁的苦恼相比，身体的痛苦更加容易忍受。68.B distance距离，远方，疏远，间隔；gap间隙，缺口，空白；lag落后，迟延，防护套，囚犯，桶板；disagreement不一致，争论，意见不同。题干意思：最近绝大多数民意调查表明两党之间的隔阂已经缩小。

69.D discomfort不适，不安；bother麻烦，烦恼；difficulty困难，困境；inconvenience不便，麻烦。题干意思：由于大雾，本次航班取消。由此给您带来的不便，敬请原谅。70.D raised up举起，抬起；backed up支持，援助，（资料）备份，倒退；mixed up混淆，拌和，调和；cleared up澄清，清理，放晴，打扫。题干意思：他们将我误认为是威廉了，但是这种误会在晚餐期间被澄清了。

71.B emotion情感；情绪；instinct本能，直觉，天性；response响应，反应，回答；sense感觉，官能；观念，道理，理智。题干意思：我应该跟着我的第一直觉走，那就是不去做那次采访。72.A worth值„的，价值，财产；value价值，重要性，价格，评价，估价，重视；worthy值得的，有价值的，配得上的，相称的，可尊敬的，应„的，杰出人物，知名人士；valuable有价值的，贵重的，可估价的，贵重物品。be worth something = be worth doing something = be worthy of something = be worthy to be soemthing = be worthy of doing something。题干意思：在此同时，委员会面临的问题是这样的研究是否值得这笔花费。

73.D in the belief that相信„„；in order that目的是„„；on the excuse that作为„„的辩解；on condition that以„„作为条件。题干意思：我们接受你的订货，条件是必须提前付款，还得包括运输费用。

74.C look out注意，向外看；make out辨认，明白，写出；work out(=develop, devise, arrange)制订，设计；hold out坚持，伸出，提供，维持，抵制，主张，扣留。题干意思：项目经理问他的助手能否在一周之内完成（制定出）投资方案。75.B maintain维持，继续，维修，主张，供养；motivate刺激，使有动机，激发„的积极性；dominate控制，支配，占优势，在„中占主要地位；determine决定，判决，使„下定决心。题干意思：要想获得真正的成功，你必须认识到激励自己的是什么以及自己的生活兴趣是什么。

Part Ⅳ.Close

76.B neglect疏忽，忽略，怠慢；shortage不足，缺少，短缺；ignorance无知，愚昧，不知，不懂；lacking缺乏的，没有的，不足的。

77.C seeing to注意，留心；owing to由于，因为；according to根据，按照，取决于，据„„所说；referring to关于；提及；参阅。

78.D low interest rate低利息率，low inflation rate低通货膨胀率。

79.A affected受到影响的；effected实现了的；受影响的；infected被感染的；selected挑选出来的。

80.D 本题考查的是对“not...but”的掌握，意为“不是„„而是” 81.B linked to链接到，把„„和„„连接，把„和„联系起来；based on以„„为基础，基于；interested in对„„有兴趣；taken in对„„加以考虑；收进。

82.B it做形式宾语。find后面常加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。不定式短语to defend otherwise good policies做finds的宾语，difficult是宾语补足语。

83.C restrictions on表示“对„„的限制”，类似的用法还有lift sanctions on撤消制裁；impose sanctions on进行制裁；实施制裁。

84.C power力量，势力，动力；force力量，武力，军队，魄力；right正确，右边，正义，权利；strength力量，强度，力气，兵力，长处。have rights to do sth有权利去做某事。85.A which引导非限制性定语从句，指代“House of Lords report”。参考译文：今天的一份报道宣称，在过去十年里，国家的经济已经大大地得益于大量的移民。根据工作基金会的报道，移民的到来已经帮助国家避免了劳动力和熟练工人的短缺，经济能够在“稳定发展之路”上继续得以保持。由于人们来到英国工作，利息和通货膨胀率也被保持在低水平——而且这并没有导致工人工资更低和失业状况受到影响。报道宣称，“政府对移民问题一直感到很费劲，不是因为掌控不了移民问题，而是因为政府未能够传递一个基于稳定高质量信息且有说服力的信息。” “官方的统计数据是如此之混乱，以至于政府发现很难去为本来就很好的政策进行辩护。”工作基金会呼吁应该放松对罗马尼亚人和保加利亚人的工作限制。这两个国家去年加入了欧盟，但是其公民却没有足够的权利移居英国。这些研究与上议院最近的一份报告相冲突，上议院的报告称，没有证据表明移民为英国产生了显著的经济效益。

Part Ⅴ Writing：

The problems I faced on my job It is universally acknowledged that it is hard to survive in the battlefield of career.Numerous problems may occur even if we are well-prepared.I still remembered the most difficult problem I encountered on my job is about how to get along with my colleagues.It seems quite easy on the surface, but at that time I tried my utmost to establish a harmonious relationship with them and I failed.First, it is hard to deal with my female colleagues.What I tell them today is what other colleagues know tomorrow.It is impossible for them to keep words.Second, I find difficulty in communicating with my supervisor.It seems he is never satisfied with my work.I tried several ways to improve the situation.For my female colleagues, I made it a rule that I will never talk about other colleagues’ privacy with them.I never make any negative comments.Instead, I use positive words to describe other people.For my supervisor, I tried to communicate with him when he is less impatient and moody.People tend to accept others’ opinions when they are relaxed and in a happy mood.I find this method very helpful.Now I am a senior staff in my company.When problems occur, it is no use complaining about them.My own experience is good example to show that problems can be solved successfully.http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=2mpWjlek2vnH8ALfDPlr6Avfqvl53shk12rSWx3Nuh2IEiMUSJug3F0QKPkVXpoxTQwLSjkGNo7aBZqe-h2lORnqY3kz2ngjvcYpJgA30Uu

第四篇：周恩来鲜为人知的外语水平

周恩来鲜为人知的外语水平

周恩来留日期间1918年4月3日的日记写道：“阅英文报，得知日政府又提二十条于中国矣！”在日本阅读英文报纸，可见其英语水平的确高矣。周恩来一直有阅读英文报纸的习惯，《百年恩来》的纪录片中就有他在工作之余阅读英文报纸的镜头。美国记者斯诺在《西行漫记》中记述了他与周恩来的会面：“他讲英语有点迟缓，但相当准。”1954年周恩来在日内瓦会议之后经过莫斯科，参加苏联人举办的一个酒会，当周恩来致辞时，他使用了英语，以致与会的不少苏联权贵还要翻译把他的英语致辞翻译为俄语。基辛格博士在回忆录《白宫岁月》里这样描写他所认识的周恩来：“他听英语时，不必等到翻译，脸上的笑容和表示理解的表情，很清楚的表示他是听得懂英语的。”尼克松总统顺利访华签署了《中美联合公报》，答谢宴会上，章含之在翻译尼克松的致辞时翻译错了一个词，尼克松当时说中美之间的距离很近，才1.7万英里，当时他说的“1.7万”英文表达就是“17个千”，当时章含之翻译成“1700英里”。在场没有一个中方人员听得出来，只有周恩来抬起头来说：“含之，太近了点儿吧。”周恩来除了英语水平较高外，还接触过日语、法语、德语、俄语。1917年9月，19岁的周恩来从南开学校毕业后东赴日本，进入日本东亚高等预备学校主修日语。1941年4月，美国作家海明威夫妇访华时，在重庆见到了周恩来。海明威夫妇与周恩来之间的交谈没有使用英语，而是由王炳南的德籍妻子担任翻译，通过法语进行。据说海明威选择欧美上流贵族在交际场合使用的语言来表示对周恩来的尊重，更让海明威惊奇的是周恩来竟然不用翻译就能听懂法语。柬埔寨国王西哈努克亲王在他的回忆录中对周恩来的法语水平有这样的评价：“周恩来有一位很出色的法语翻译，其口语相当流畅标准，但她在传达总理的连珠妙语时，偶尔也会出现一两处小错。智慧超人的周恩来出于谦虚，同我交谈时没有使用法语，可是他明察秋毫，总是尽可能礼貌地指出和纠正翻译的失误，让她重作确切的表述。”

第五篇：理论水平—科研能力—外语水平

该申请人理论水平较为扎实，在毕业论文中准确地阐述了各个基本概念，较为详细叙述了纳米科技的发展和现状，并且较系统地归纳和评述了国内外一定量的有关文献，反映出作者具有较强的基础理论水平。

该文章选题恰当，具有一定的理论意义和使用价值，作者系统的总结了大量过内容相关领域的文献，反应了作者良好的分析能力，并且在文章中对相关内容有一定的创新突破，反应了作者具有较强的科研创新能力。

作者在学习期间阅读了大量英文文献，并且发表过有署名的SCI/EI检索的论文共7篇，反应了作者具有良好的英文阅读和写作能力。

论文取得了下列研究成果：

1.通过文献分析了已有制备金、银纳米颗粒的方法，并在分析各自特点的基础上，总结出一种制备银纳米颗粒的快速、简易方法。

2.分析了柠檬酸钠还原法制备球形的金纳米颗粒溶液，并在玻璃片上进行自组装；通过 HTEM和紫外-可见分光光度计测量比较金纳米颗粒的各项性能；并通过蛋白修饰研究金纳米颗粒表面覆膜后的光谱特性，测得其对环境折射率变化的灵敏性。

3.根据DDA算法，利用仿真软件DDSCAT对纳米颗粒的光学性质进行仿真对比，优化纳米颗粒的材质与尺寸；利用FDTD方法分析纳米颗粒的表面电场分布。

4.利用简易、绿色的方法制备碳量子点。通过HTEM、拉曼光谱、XPS、紫外-可见分光光度计测试了碳量子点的光学特性及其对细胞的荧光标记。论文结构较为严谨，叙述较为清楚，理论分析比较深入，数据可信，结论正确。