第一篇：新英达自考英语专科试题2010年4月英语国家概况试题
全国2010年4月高等教育自学考试
英语国家概况试题
课程代码：00522
请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上
I.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully.For each unfinished statement or question，four suggested answers marked A，B，C and D are given.Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question.Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(50 points，1 point for each)
1.___________of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history, in which William，the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his followers.A.The Roman ConquestB.The Anglo-Saxon Conquest
C.The Norman ConquestD.The Celt Conquest
2.As a result of the Black Death，___________.A.all land was left untendedB.no labor was required any longer
C.1and owners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming
D.surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages
3.Which of the following statements about Elizabeth I(1 55 8-1 603)is true?
A.Elizabeth was 35 when she came to the throne.B.Elizabeth remained single.C.Elizabeth was not able to work with Parliament.D.Her reign was a time of diminishing English nationalism.4.___________ was not in the“Allies” in the First World War.A.BritainB.France
C.RussiaD.Turkey
5.The English Civil War is also called ___________.A.the Revolutionary WarB.the Puritan Revolution
C.the ReformationD.the Renaissance
6.The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy.The head of State is a king or a queen.In practice，___________.A.Parliament rules the country
B.the Sovereign reigns but does not rule
C.the Sovereign rules but does not reign
D.the Prime Minister rules and reigns
7.In January,1973，Britain finally became a full member of the___________，which was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957.A.Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development
B.Organization of European Development
C.European Economic Community
D.European Union
8.The___________refers to the mechanization of industry and the consequent changes in social economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.A.UrbanizationB.Economic Boom
C.Glorious RevolutionD.Industrial Revolution
9.The major Christian festivals in Britain are___________.A.Christmas, Easter and Mother’s Day
B.Christmas, Easter and Whit Sunday
C.Christmas，Guy Fawkes Day and St.Patrick’s Day
D.Christmas，Whit Sunday and St.George’s Day
10.The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain.At present there are ___________ countries within the Commonwealth(1991).A.30B.40
C.50D.60
11.Among the three tribes of the Celts coming to Britain, the most industrious and vigorous of the Celtic tribes was the ___________.A.GaelsB.Brythons
C.BelgaeD.Vikings
12.Political change in England came mainly through___________.A.gradual reformB.revolution
C.people’s uprisingsD.working class movement
13.The two parties that have held power in Britain since 1945 are ___________.A.the Democratic Party and the Republican Party
B.the Conservative Party and the Labor Party
C.the Labor Party and the Social Democratic Party
D.the Labor Party and the Democratic Party
14.___________’s reign was a time of confident English nationalism and of great achievements in literature and other arts.in exploration and in battle.A.MaryB.Henry VIII
C.E1izabeth ID.Charles II
15.After the Restoration，Parliament passed a series of severe laws called ____________against the Puritans，now known as Nonconformists.A.Agreement of the PeopleB.the Petition of the Right
C.the Clarendon CodeD.the Act of Supremacy
16.Which statement about the“Wars of Roses”is NOT true?
A.The king’s power now became supreme.B.Ordinary people were seriously affected.C.The wars were waged intermittently for 30 years.D.From these wars feudalism received its death blow.7.The finest exponents of Elizabethan drama in the English Renaissance were ___________.A.Ben Johnson，Christopher Marlowe and Charles Dickens
B.Edmund Spenser, Charles Dickens and William Shakespeare
C.William Shakespeare, Ben Johnson and Charles Dickens
D.William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe and Ben Johnson
18.The Chartist movement was the first nationwide ___________ movement.A.working classB.lower middle class
C.upper middle classD.upper class
19.______________led the U.K.to final victory in the Second World War.A.Winston ChurchillB.Neville Chamberlain
C.Tony BlairD.William Gladstone
20.Which statement about the religion in Britain is true?
A.Every person in Britain may change his religion，but with difficulty.B.Every person may not manifest his faith in teaching，worship and observance.C.Every person has the right to religious freedom without interference from the community or the State.D.Churches and religious societies of any kind cannot own property and propagate their beliefs in speeches and writing.th21.In the late 15 century, Christopher Columbus，a(n)___________navigator, led his men to sail across the vast ocean
and reached some small islands in the now West Indies.A.FrenchB.Spanish
C.ItalianD.English
22.American troops defeated the British at___________ in Northern New York.This was a great turning point of the American War of Independence，leading directly to an alliance between the U.S.and France.A.SaratogaB.Trenton
C.LexingtonD.Yorktown
23.In 1787，delegates from the states held a meeting in Philadelphia to make the Articles of Confederation adequate.The meeting came to be called the ___________.A.First Continental CongressB.Second Continental Congress
C.Constitutional ConventionD.Independent Convention
24.Which of the following is NOT among President Theodore Roosevelt’s contributions?
A.The implementation of the Sherman Anti-trust Act.B.The initiation of large-scale irrigation projects.C.The adoption of the Hepburn Act of 1906.D.The passage of the Federal Reserve Act.25.___________Was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U.S.in 1929.A.Business bankruptcyB.Serious unemployment
C.The stock market crashD.Foreclosures
26.During the Second World War, American wartime objectives were the total destruction of___________ powers and the establishment of a world order.A.AxisB.Asian
C.AlliedD.European
27.In 1932，in the depth of the depression，the American people chose ___________ as their next president who promised to get the U.S.out of the depression.A.Theodore RooseveltB.FranklinD.Roosevelt
C.Woodrow WilsonD.HerbertC.Hoover
28.Education was made a function of the state under the ___________Amendment to the US Constitution.A.TenthB.Eleventh
C.TwelfthD.Thirteenth
29.McCarthyism was a full-scale ___________hysteria in the United States in the 1950s.A.pro-NaziB.anti-Fascist
C.pro-CommunistD.anti-Communist
30.On June 5，1947，___________suggested that the US should offer economic aid to Western Europe so as to protect the region from Soviet expansion.A.George KennanB.George Marshall
C.Dwight EisenhowerD.James F.Byrnes
31.A decision to set up a world organization，the United Nations，was made at___________.A.Yalta ConferenceB.Potsdam Conference
C.Teheran ConferenceD.Paris Conference
32.The safeguards against abuse of powers in the United States come in the form of___________.A.separation of powersB.executive orders
C.presidential electionsD.judicial reviews
33.___________Was meant to guarantee the blacks and others the right to vote.A.Emancipation Proclamation in 1863
B.The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution in 1865
C.The Civil Rights Act of 1964
D.The Voting Rights Act of 1965
34.Woman obtained voting right from the___________ Amendment to the Constitution.ththA.17B.18
C.19thD.20th
35.Of the four kinds of high schools，___________ones only aim to prepare students for college.A.comprehensiveB.academic
C.vocationalD.technical
36.There have been__________ periods in the development of American political parties in
the United States.A.twoB.three
C.fourD.five
37.The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of
___________.A.material failureB.spiritual frustration
C.political setbacksD.welfare reform
38.___________is the largest single source of goods imported by the U.S.，accounting for nearly
30％of the total.A.CanadaB.Mexico
C.JapanD.European Union
39.Mark Twain’s masterwork was ___________.A.The Scarlet LetterB.Leaves of Grass
C.The Sketch BookD.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
40.In the early part of the 19th century，___________was the center of American writing.A.BostonB.Philadelphia
C.ChicagoD.New York City
41.Tourist trade is important in economy in ___________with rich green mountains and valleys.A.British ColumbiaB.Atlantic provinces
C.the Canadian-ShieldD.St.Lawrence-Great Lakes provinces
42.Which of the following about Canada in World War I is NOT true?
A.It founded its navy to enter World War I.B.It took a seat as a member of the League of Nations.C.It won the right to sign the Peace Treaty of 1919 in its own name.D.It has found its place among the nations of the world since World War I.43.Generally speaking，Canada can be divided into___________ geographical regions.A.threeB.four
C.fiveD.six
44.Which of the following statements about Australia is true?
A.It is the world’s fifth largest country and is surrounded by sea.B.It is the smallest and the only continent that contains only one country.C.It is a continent that contains only Australia and New Zealand.D.It is the world’s smallest continent and the world’s fourth largest country.45.The first Australian colony, established by Britain in 1788 and called the premier state，is ___________.A.VictoriaB.Tasmania
C.QueenslandD.New South Wales
46.The Australian political division borders are drawn___________.A.along straight lines of latitude and longitude
B.along rivers and forests
C.along mountain ranges
D.along natural features
47.The only native mammals in New Zealand are___________.A.rabbitsB.bats
C.opossumsD.goats
48.A chain of mountains runs almost the whole length of South Island in New Zealand.The highest peak is___________.A.Mt RuapehuB.Mt Cook
C.Mt NgaurohoeD.Mt Tongariro
49.One of the four unusual demographic features of Ireland is___________.A.an early marriage age
B.an excess of males in the population
C.a low proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages
D.a high birthrate compounded by a century of emigration
50.Migration in Ireland declined sharply___________.A.during WWI
B.in recent years
C.in the early decades of the 20th century
D.after the establishment of the Irish Free State
II.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points，3 points for each)
51.What is the Magna Carta also known as?
52.Who has the power to declare war and make peace in the U.K.?
53.What are the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain?
54.When was the Declaration of Independence adopted?
55.What foreign policy did the American government pursue in the early 1930s?
56.What are Conglomerates in the USA?
57.Where is the name“Canada”believed to have come from?
58.Why does Great Britain have the greatest influence upon Australia?
59.What is Maoritanga?
60.What was the consequence of the the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921?
III.Explain each of the following terms in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points，5 points for each)
61.the House of Commons
62.English feudal system
63.the U.S.two-party system
64.the New Deal
第二篇：新英达自考英语专科试题2009年4月英语国家概况试题
座右铭：认认真真做事，踏踏实实育人；不讲求宏大，只注重实效；你成功，我自豪！
全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题
I.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully.For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given.Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question.Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(50 points, 1 point for each)1.Strictly speaking, “the British Isles” refers to_______.A.Great Britain
B.Ireland
C.the United Kingdom
D.Great Britain and Ireland
2.Which of the following kings was responsible for the complete establishment of the feudal system in England?
A.Edward I
B.Henry II
C.Alfred the Great
D.William the Conqueror 3.The spirit of the Great Charter was ______.A.a limitation of the powers of the king
B.a guarantee of the freedom of the serfs C.a limitation of the powers of the Church
D.a declaration of equality among all people 4.Which of the following is NOT true about the result of the Black Death? A.Much land was left untended.B.There was a terrible shortage of labour.C.The surviving peasants had lost their power of bargaining.D.Landowners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming.5.The War of Roses that took place from 1455 to 1485 was fought between ______.A.Britain and France
B.the Parliament and the Crown
C.the working people and the aristocrats
D.two branches of the Plantagenet family
6.The English Renaissance was largely literary, and it achieved its finest expression in the so-called ______.A.Romantic poetry
B.Romantic fiction C.Elizabethan poetry
D.Elizabethan drama
7.British constitutional monarchy is a system under which the powers of the ______ are limited by Parliament or the constitution.A.church
B.king or queen
C.government ministers
D.Bishop’s court
8.The Tories in Britain were the forerunners of ______, which still bears this nickname today.A.the Labor Party
B.the Liberal Party
C.the Conservative Party
D.the Social Democratic Party
9.Which of the following was NOT included in the six-point demand of the Chartist Movement? A.Equal electoral districts
B.Voting by secret ballot C.The vote for all adult males
D.The vote for all adult females 10.During the First World War, Britain was allied with ______.A.Turkey
B.the Central Powers
C.France and Russia
D.Germany and Austria-Hungary
11.Who was the man that led Britain in the crisis of the Second World War?
A.George VI
B.Theodore Roosevelt
C.Neville Chamberlain
D.Sir Winston Churchill
12.The new policies adopted by Mrs.Thatcher and Conservative Government after the 1979 election was known as ______.联系电话：010 –88811830，88810906
学校网站： www.xiexiebang.com Email ：xydschool@163.com 上课地址：外国语大学西院大门外北侧（北外宾馆）室外楼梯上二层 座右铭：认认真真做事，踏踏实实育人；不讲求宏大，只注重实效；你成功，我自豪！
A.Thatcherism
B.the New Deal C.New Frontier
D.Keynesianism
13.Over the past one thousand years, the British ______ has been broken only once between 1649 and 1660.A.Cabinet
B.Parliament C.Monarchy
D.Privy Council
14.Who has the power to appoint the Prime Minister in Britain? A.The Queen
B.The Parliament
C.The House of Lords
D.The Church of England
15.In Britain, a full meeting of ______ is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.A.the Privy Council
B.the Parliament
C.the House of Commons
D.the House of Lords
16.Which of the following is NOT involved in the British judicial responsibilities? A.Attorney General
B.Ministry of Justice C.The Lord Chancellor
D.The Home Secretary 17.Bank holidays in Britain refer to ______.A.official public holidays
B.holidays for the banks only
C.public holidays except for the banks
D.holidays for the financial institutions only 18.Which statement about the British universities is NOT true? A.They enjoy academic freedom.B.They cannot appoint their own staff.C.They are governed by royal charters.D.They provide their own courses and award their own degrees.19.______, the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe, has its traditional home in England where it was developed in the 19th century.A.Basketball
B.Tennis
C.Football
D.Baseball
20.London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _______.A.the Prime Minister
B.the Lord Chancellor C.the Home Secretary
D.the Attorney General 21.Which statement about the Puritans is NOT true? A.The Puritans did not allow religious dissent.B.The Puritans were poor artisans and unskilled peasants.C.They were dissatisfied with the political corruption in England.D.They went to the United States to establish what they considered the true church.22.The largest racial and ethnic minority in the U.S.is the ______, which accounts over 12.1% of the population.A.blacks
B.Asians
C.Indians
D.Hispanics
23.The three well-known authors who penned the Federalist Papers are ______.A.Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and John Jay B.George Washington, James Madison and John Jay C.Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay D.Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Adams
24.When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called ______.联系电话：010 –88811830，88810906
学校网站： www.xiexiebang.com Email ：xydschool@163.com 上课地址：外国语大学西院大门外北侧（北外宾馆）室外楼梯上二层 座右铭：认认真真做事，踏踏实实育人；不讲求宏大，只注重实效；你成功，我自豪！
A.the Southern States of America
B.the Federalist States of America C.the Confederate States of America
D.the Anti-confederate States of America
25.With the development of industry and extension of railroad network in the early 20th century in the U.S.A., there appeared ______.A.a rapid growth of cities
B.an influx of foreign goods
C.an increase of urban ghettos
D.a great increase in the number of farms
26.In the early 19th century, ______ actively used the Sherman Antitrust Act to stop monopolistic business mergers in the United States.A.J.P.Morgan
B.Woodrow Wilson C.Henry Rockefeller
D.Theodore Roosevelt
27.The Red Scare in 1919 and 1920 was a typical example of American ______.A.religious intolerance
B.intolerant nationalism C.Progressive Movement
D.deregulation of big trusts
28.In the early 1930s, the American foreign policy was isolationist, but the ______ suddenly changed the whole situation, which propelled the U.S.into the Second World War.A.Pearl Harbor attack
B.bombing of Guam island
C.seizing of American merchant ships
D.sinking of American passenger ships
29.In 1962, President ______ finally decided on the use of naval force to prevent military material and arms from entering Cuba and demanded Soviet removal of the missiles there.A.Nixon
B.Truman C.Johnson
D.Kennedy
30.In 1853, in the ______, another 30,000 square miles of Mexican land were added to the territory of the U.S.A.A.Atlantic Purchase
B.Mexican Purchase C.Gadsden Purchase
D.Louisiana Purchase
31.The four problems that face the economy of the United States are______.A.unemployment, inflation, financial crisis and trade deficit B.unemployment, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit C.mortgage losses, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit D.unemployment, market failures, financial deficit and trade deficit 32.Which statement about the U.S.Constitution is NOT true? A.It is the supreme law of the land.B.It is the oldest written constitution in the world.C.It was adopted in 1781 at the Second Continental Congress.D.It provides the basis for political stability, economic growth and social progress.33.The American President usually takes an oath of office, administered by the ______ of the United States in January.A.Chief Justice
B.House Speaker
C.Secretary of State
D.Senate Majority Leader
34.The U.S.Constitution provides that the ______ shall be President of the Senate.A.Vice President
B.Secretary of State
C.Senate Majority Leader
D.Senate Minority Leader
35.Which one of the following is NOT government-run at the U.S.federal level? A.Motor vehicle
B.The road system
联系电话：010 –88811830，88810906
学校网站： www.xiexiebang.com Email ：xydschool@163.com 上课地址：外国语大学西院大门外北侧（北外宾馆）室外楼梯上二层 座右铭：认认真真做事，踏踏实实育人；不讲求宏大，只注重实效；你成功，我自豪！
C.National defense
D.The postal service
36.It is generally agreed that U.S.higher education began with the______.A.Civil War
B.Independence War
C.founding of Harvard College
D.founding of Princeton University 37.Formal education in the United States consists of ______.A.kindergarten, junior and senior education B.junior, elementary and secondary education C.elementary, secondary and higher education D.kindergarten, secondary and higher education
38.In his Old Man and the Sea, Ernest Hemingway ______.A.expresses the idea of facing defeat courageously B.shows the basic goodness and wisdom of ordinary people
C.praises the ideas of equality and democracy and the joy of common people D.describes the sharp contrast of wealth and poverty in Chicago and New York 39.In the early part of the 19th century, ______ was the center of American writing.A.Boston
B.Detroit
C.New York City
D.Philadelphia 40.The most important patriotic holiday in the U.S.is ______.A.Halloween
B.Veterans’ Day
C.Thanksgiving Day
D.Independence Day 41.The capital city of Ireland is ______.A.Cork
B.Dublin
C.Galway
D.Waterford
42.Historically, Ireland has been free of ethnic conflicts because of its ______.A.racial unity
B.racial homogeneity C.multi-culturalism
D.high rate of emigration
43.Ireland has the following demographic features EXCEPT ______.A.a late marriage age
B.an excess of females in the population
C.a high proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages D.a low birthrate compounded by a century of emigration 44.Which of the following is a typical bilingual city in Canada? A.Ottawa
B.Calgary
C.Toronto
D.Vancouver
45.Which of the following statements about immigration in Canada is NOT true? A.It is estimated that one-third of Canadians were born in other countries.B.Immigration has always been an important source of its population growth.C.Immigration has played an important role in the development of its economy.D.in the past Britain and Western Europe were the principal sources of Canadian immigration.46.In terms of land area, Canada is the ______ largest country in the world.A.second
B.third C.fourth
D.fifth 47.The head of state of Australia is ______.A.the Governor
B.the President C.the Prime Minister
D.the Queen of England
48.______ is the only city on the western coast of Australia with a population of over one million.A.Perth
B.Sydney
C.Brisbane
D.Melbourne
49.A ______, where two parts of the earth’s crust meet, runs the length of New Zealand.A.fault line
B.built area
联系电话：010 –88811830，88810906
学校网站： www.xiexiebang.com Email ：xydschool@163.com 上课地址：外国语大学西院大门外北侧（北外宾馆）室外楼梯上二层 座右铭：认认真真做事，踏踏实实育人；不讲求宏大，只注重实效；你成功，我自豪！
C.dormant volcano
D.geothermal area
50.The Treaty of Waitangi in 1840 was an agreement between ______.A.the Maori whalers and the British Crown B.the Maori people and the British missionaries C.the Maori traders and the British missionaries D.the chiefs of the Maori people and the British Crown
II.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points, 3 points for each)51.What are the main functions of the British Parliament?
52.What were the two countries Elizabeth I successfully played off against each other for nearly 30 years? 53.What was the outcome of the English Civil War? 54.What are the three main Christian festivals in the U.K.?
55.What were the three cornerstones of American postwar economic boom?
56.What was the most important document produced between China and the United States when President Nixon visited China in 1972?
57.What is the most central function of the U.S.Congress?
58.What are the two major parties that dominate American politics at the federal, state and local levels? 59.What are the two official languages used in Ireland? 60.Who are the native people living in Australia?
III.Explain each of the following terms in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points, 5 points for each)61.Open University
62.The Speaker(of the House of Commons in Britain)63.Muckrakers
64.The stock market crash of 1929
联系电话：010 –88811830，88810906
学校网站： www.xiexiebang.com Email ：xydschool@163.com 上课地址：外国语大学西院大门外北侧（北外宾馆）室外楼梯上二层
第三篇：新英达自考英语专科试题2009年4月英语国家概况试题
座右铭：认认真真做事，踏踏实实育人；不讲求宏大，只注重实效；你成功，我自豪！
全国2009年4月高等教育自学考试英语国家概况试题
I.Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully.For each unfinished statement or question, four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D are given.Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question.Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(50 points, 1 point for each)
1.Strictly speaking, “the British Isles” refers to_______.A.Great BritainB.Ireland
C.the United KingdomD.Great Britain and Ireland
2.Which of the following kings was responsible for the complete establishment of the feudal system in England?
A.Edward IB.Henry II
C.Alfred the GreatD.William the Conqueror
3.The spirit of the Great Charter was ______.A.a limitation of the powers of the kingB.a guarantee of the freedom of the serfs
C.a limitation of the powers of the ChurchD.a declaration of equality among all people
4.Which of the following is NOT true about the result of the Black Death?
A.Much land was left untended.B.There was a terrible shortage of labour.C.The surviving peasants had lost their power of bargaining.D.Landowners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming.5.The War of Roses that took place from 1455 to 1485 was fought between ______.A.Britain and FranceB.the Parliament and the Crown
C.the working people and the aristocratsD.two branches of the Plantagenet family
6.The English Renaissance was largely literary, and it achieved its finest expression in the so-called ______.A.Romantic poetryB.Romantic fiction
C.Elizabethan poetryD.Elizabethan drama
7.British constitutional monarchy is a system under which the powers of the ______ are limited by Parliament or the constitution.A.churchB.king or queen
C.government ministersD.Bishop’s court
8.The Tories in Britain were the forerunners of ______, which still bears this nickname today.A.the Labor PartyB.the Liberal Party
C.the Conservative PartyD.the Social Democratic Party
9.Which of the following was NOT included in the six-point demand of the Chartist Movement?
A.Equal electoral districtsB.Voting by secret ballot
C.The vote for all adult malesD.The vote for all adult females
10.During the First World War, Britain was allied with ______.A.TurkeyB.the Central Powers
C.France and RussiaD.Germany and Austria-Hungary
11.Who was the man that led Britain in the crisis of the Second World War?
A.George VIB.Theodore Roosevelt
C.Neville ChamberlainD.Sir Winston Churchill
12.The new policies adopted by Mrs.Thatcher and Conservative Government after the 1979 election was known as ______.联系电话：010 –88811830，88810906学校网站：Email ：xydschool@163.com
上课地址：外国语大学西院大门外北侧（北外宾馆）室外楼梯上二层
A.ThatcherismB.the New Deal
C.New FrontierD.Keynesianism
13.Over the past one thousand years, the British ______ has been broken only once between 1649 and 1660.A.CabinetB.Parliament
C.MonarchyD.Privy Council
14.Who has the power to appoint the Prime Minister in Britain?
A.The QueenB.The Parliament
C.The House of LordsD.The Church of England
15.In Britain, a full meeting of ______ is called only when a Sovereign dies or announces his or her intention to marry.A.the Privy CouncilB.the Parliament
C.the House of CommonsD.the House of Lords
16.Which of the following is NOT involved in the British judicial responsibilities?
A.Attorney GeneralB.Ministry of Justice
C.The Lord ChancellorD.The Home Secretary
17.Bank holidays in Britain refer to ______.A.official public holidaysB.holidays for the banks only
C.public holidays except for the banksD.holidays for the financial institutions only
18.Which statement about the British universities is NOT true?
A.They enjoy academic freedom.B.They cannot appoint their own staff.C.They are governed by royal charters.D.They provide their own courses and award their own degrees.19.______, the most popular sport in England as well as in Europe, has its traditional home in England where it was developed in the 19th century.A.BasketballB.TennisC.FootballD.Baseball
20.London’s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _______.A.the Prime MinisterB.the Lord Chancellor
C.the Home SecretaryD.the Attorney General
21.Which statement about the Puritans is NOT true?
A.The Puritans did not allow religious dissent.B.The Puritans were poor artisans and unskilled peasants.C.They were dissatisfied with the political corruption in England.D.They went to the United States to establish what they considered the true church.22.The largest racial and ethnic minority in the U.S.is the ______, which accounts over 12.1% of the population.A.blacksB.AsiansC.IndiansD.Hispanics
23.The three well-known authors who penned the Federalist Papers are ______.A.Thomas Jefferson, James Madison and John Jay
B.George Washington, James Madison and John Jay
C.Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Jay
D.Alexander Hamilton, James Madison and John Adams
24.When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the southern states broke away and formed a new nation called ______.联系电话：010 –88811830，88810906学校网站：Email ：xydschool@163.com
上课地址：外国语大学西院大门外北侧（北外宾馆）室外楼梯上二层
A.the Southern States of AmericaB.the Federalist States of America
C.the Confederate States of AmericaD.the Anti-confederate States of America
25.With the development of industry and extension of railroad network in the early 20th century in the U.S.A., there appeared ______.A.a rapid growth of citiesB.an influx of foreign goods
C.an increase of urban ghettosD.a great increase in the number of farms
26.In the early 19th century, ______ actively used the Sherman Antitrust Act to stop monopolistic business mergers in the United States.A.J.P.MorganB.Woodrow Wilson
C.Henry RockefellerD.Theodore Roosevelt
27.The Red Scare in 1919 and 1920 was a typical example of American ______.A.religious intoleranceB.intolerant nationalism
C.Progressive MovementD.deregulation of big trusts
28.In the early 1930s, the American foreign policy was isolationist, but the ______ suddenly changed the whole situation, which propelled the U.S.into the Second World War.A.Pearl Harbor attackB.bombing of Guam island
C.seizing of American merchant shipsD.sinking of American passenger ships
29.In 1962, President ______ finally decided on the use of naval force to prevent military material and arms from entering Cuba and demanded Soviet removal of the missiles there.A.NixonB.Truman
C.JohnsonD.Kennedy
30.In 1853, in the ______, another 30,000 square miles of Mexican land were added to the territory of the U.S.A.A.Atlantic PurchaseB.Mexican Purchase
C.Gadsden PurchaseD.Louisiana Purchase
31.The four problems that face the economy of the United States are______.A.unemployment, inflation, financial crisis and trade deficit
B.unemployment, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit
C.mortgage losses, inflation, financial deficit and trade deficit
D.unemployment, market failures, financial deficit and trade deficit
32.Which statement about the U.S.Constitution is NOT true?
A.It is the supreme law of the land.B.It is the oldest written constitution in the world.C.It was adopted in 1781 at the Second Continental Congress.D.It provides the basis for political stability, economic growth and social progress.33.The American President usually takes an oath of office, administered by the ______ of the United States in January.A.Chief JusticeB.House Speaker
C.Secretary of StateD.Senate Majority Leader
34.The U.S.Constitution provides that the ______ shall be President of the Senate.A.Vice PresidentB.Secretary of State
C.Senate Majority LeaderD.Senate Minority Leader
35.Which one of the following is NOT government-run at the U.S.federal level?
A.Motor vehicleB.The road system
联系电话：010 –88811830，88810906学校网站：Email ：xydschool@163.com
上课地址：外国语大学西院大门外北侧（北外宾馆）室外楼梯上二层
C.National defenseD.The postal service
36.It is generally agreed that U.S.higher education began with the______.A.Civil WarB.Independence War
C.founding of Harvard CollegeD.founding of Princeton University
37.Formal education in the United States consists of ______.A.kindergarten, junior and senior education
B.junior, elementary and secondary education
C.elementary, secondary and higher education
D.kindergarten, secondary and higher education
38.In his Old Man and the Sea, Ernest Hemingway ______.A.expresses the idea of facing defeat courageously
B.shows the basic goodness and wisdom of ordinary people
C.praises the ideas of equality and democracy and the joy of common people
D.describes the sharp contrast of wealth and poverty in Chicago and New York
39.In the early part of the 19th century, ______ was the center of American writing.A.BostonB.DetroitC.New York CityD.Philadelphia
40.The most important patriotic holiday in the U.S.is ______.A.HalloweenB.Veterans’ DayC.Thanksgiving DayD.Independence Day
41.The capital city of Ireland is ______.A.CorkB.DublinC.GalwayD.Waterford
42.Historically, Ireland has been free of ethnic conflicts because of its ______.A.racial unityB.racial homogeneity
C.multi-culturalismD.high rate of emigration
43.Ireland has the following demographic features EXCEPT ______.A.a late marriage age
B.an excess of females in the population
C.a high proportion of bachelors and spinsters of all ages
D.a low birthrate compounded by a century of emigration
44.Which of the following is a typical bilingual city in Canada?
A.OttawaB.CalgaryC.TorontoD.Vancouver
45.Which of the following statements about immigration in Canada is NOT true?
A.It is estimated that one-third of Canadians were born in other countries.B.Immigration has always been an important source of its population growth.C.Immigration has played an important role in the development of its economy.D.in the past Britain and Western Europe were the principal sources of Canadian immigration.46.In terms of land area, Canada is the ______ largest country in the world.A.secondB.thirdC.fourthD.fifth
47.The head of state of Australia is ______.A.the GovernorB.the President
C.the Prime MinisterD.the Queen of England
48.______ is the only city on the western coast of Australia with a population of over one million.A.PerthB.SydneyC.BrisbaneD.Melbourne
49.A ______, where two parts of the earth’s crust meet, runs the length of New Zealand.A.fault lineB.built area
联系电话：010 –88811830，88810906学校网站：Email ：xydschool@163.com
上课地址：外国语大学西院大门外北侧（北外宾馆）室外楼梯上二层
C.dormant volcanoD.geothermal area
50.The Treaty of Waitangi in 1840 was an agreement between ______.A.the Maori whalers and the British Crown
B.the Maori people and the British missionaries
C.the Maori traders and the British missionaries
D.the chiefs of the Maori people and the British Crown
II.Give a one-sentence answer to each of the following questions.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.(30 points, 3 points for each)
51.What are the main functions of the British Parliament?
52.What were the two countries Elizabeth I successfully played off against each other for nearly 30 years?
53.What was the outcome of the English Civil War?
54.What are the three main Christian festivals in the U.K.?
55.What were the three cornerstones of American postwar economic boom?
56.What was the most important document produced between China and the United States when President Nixon visited China in 1972?
57.What is the most central function of the U.S.Congress?
58.What are the two major parties that dominate American politics at the federal, state and local levels?
59.What are the two official languages used in Ireland?
60.Who are the native people living in Australia?
III.Explain each of the following terms in English.Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet in around 40 words.(20 points, 5 points for each)
61.Open University
62.The Speaker(of the House of Commons in Britain)
63.Muckrakers
64.The stock market crash of 1929
联系电话：010 –88811830，88810906学校网站：Email ：xydschool@163.com
上课地址：外国语大学西院大门外北侧（北外宾馆）室外楼梯上二层
第四篇：浙江广播电视大学英语国家概况试题
卷号 5068 a
浙江广播电视大学2006年1月期末考试
英语国家概况（2）试题
注意事项
一． 将你的准考证号，学生证号，姓名及分校名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。均不得带出考场。监考人员收完考卷答题纸后才能离开考场。
二． 仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求的答题示例答题。答案一定要写在答题纸的指定
位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。用蓝，黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。
Ⅰ.There are 20 questions in this part.Each question is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)
1.Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?
A.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.B.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.C.The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.D.The American had the blood of the English and their descendants only.2.The following were the main Reformation leaders except __________________.A.Martin Luther.B.Martin Luther King.C.John Calvin.D.The English King Henry VIII.3.Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over.A.each new state had its own government.B.each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs.C.the national government was called the Congress with little power.D.the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined.4.Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?
A.The freedom of religion.B.The right to own weapons if one wishes.C.The freedom of speech and of the press.D.The freedom of searching a person' s home by police.5.The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of _____________.A.New York
B.Rhode Island
C.Connecticut
D.Georgia
6.The “American system” of mass production was first used in __________________.A.car industry
B.textile industry
C.firearms industry
D.agriculture
7.Which of the following was NOT a Protestant denomination?
A.The Baptists.B.The Catholics.C.The Methodists.D.The Presbyterians.8.The following are distinctively American features of religion except _____________________.A.Various religious groups have coexisted in the U.S.more harmoniously than Europe.B.Scientific and economic advance and material prosperity have not been accompanied by a decline in religious faith.C.There has been little concentration on doctrine or religion argument in the U.S.D.There has been very much concentration on doctrine or religious argument in the U.S.9.Which of the following was a writer of the post-Revolutionary period?
A.Edgar Allan Poe
B.Natty Bumppo
C.Washington Irving
D.Rip Van Winkle
10.Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?
A.The Last of the Mohicans
B.The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow
C.“The Masque of the Red Death”
D.Moby Dick
11.Which of the following subjects are NOT offered to elementary school students?
A.Mathematics and languages.B.Science and social studies.C.Politics and business education.D.Music and physical education.12.Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?
A.Large universities offer scholarships to all students.B.Large universities provide students with “mainframe” computers.C.Large universities offer the best libraries and facilities for scientific research.D.Large universities attract students with modem laboratories.13.Black Americans sang the anthem of the civil rights movement,“ _______________ ”affirming their commitment to fight racial prejudice.A.“Let it all hang out.”
B.“Hell, no, we won't go.”
C.“We Shall Overcome”
D.“Speak your heart without interruption”
14.The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South was known as _______________.A.Ku Klux Klan
B.Federal Bureau of Investigation
C.Student for A Democratic Society
D.the Black Muslims
15.Three of the following changes among many blacks took place after the 1960s.Which of them is NOT true?
A.Blacks felt more and more confident that they would be fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.B.Blacks felt that the black community ought to coexist with other groups.C.Blacks felt that “black is beautiful.”
D.Blacks felt more and more proud of themselves.16.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?
A.bribery
B.tax evasion
C.false advertising
D.robbery
17.Which invention marked the beginning of “The Age of Visual Information”?
A.newspaper
B.telegraph
C.laundry machine
D.television
18.Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government?
A.the QueenB.a Cabinet Minister
C.the Prime MinisterD.the Governor General
19.What is the other official language besides English in Canada?
A.German
B.Japanese
C.French
D.Finnish
20.Which of the following industries account for more than half of the GDP in Canada?
A.primary industries
B.secondary industries
C.tertiary industries
D.none of them
Ⅱ.There are altogether 15blanks in the following sentences.Fill in the blanks and writer your answer at the corresponding places on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)
___21_____ officially proclaimed the birth of a new American nation. The New World of America was peopled as a result of two long-continuing immigration
movements, the first one from ____22_____, and the second from____23_____ and ____24_____.
Two major political parties are ____25_____which is thought to be more liberal, and _____26_______ which is believed to be more ____27______. Former President Nixon said that _____28______ is America’s “number one enemy.”
Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income: _____29_____, endowments and_____30______. T.S.Eliot's long poem _____31_______ revealed a pessimistic view of post-World War I
society.He dominated the so-called _______32_________ movement in poetry. In area, Canada is the _____33______ country on earth. Many people use the notion that American society is a ______34______while Canada is
described as a _____ 35______.III.Directions:(20%)
There are 10 questions in this part.Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write you answer on the answer sheet.(20%)
36.Where was the first permanent settlement established in North America?
37.Who is the first Secretary of Treasury of the United States?
38.What is the best-known stock exchange in the United States?
39.Did the counter culture exert a great influence upon people’s attitudes towards social mores, marriage, career and success?
40.What is the symbol of the Republican Party?
41.Is research institutions mentioned in American higher education?
42.Is the State of California on the Atlantic Coast?
43.When was voice and music first transmitted over the radio?
44.Which city is the capital of Canada?
45.Which province is the manufacturing heartland of Canada?
Ⅳ.Explain each of the following 6 out of 8.Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET(30%, 5 points for each)
46.the meaning of being an American according to Crevecoeur
47.a federal system
48.American characteristics of religion
49.Walden
50.PC
51.NBA
52.Yellowstone National Park
53.the Canadian Mosaic
第五篇：英语国家概况名词解释
Terms
1.A-level: General Certificate of Education Advanced Level referred to as A-level, It is a British general secondary education certificate examination’ advanced courses, is the British national curriculum system, and the students of the university entrance exam courses.2.bible: The Bible is the holy book of Christianity.It consists of two testaments.The Old Testament contains the Jewish writings before the coming of Christ.The much shorter New Testament contains four accounts(“gospel”)of the life of Christ, followed by the writings of the early Christians, of whom St Paul was the greatest.3.WASP:White Anglo-Saxon Protestant of the original meaning is to point to the United States in power elite group and its culture, customs and moral behavior standard, can now be referring to the European American Protestant people.This group has a huge economic and political power, American society and for the most part of the upper middle class.Despite the increasingly diverse American society, but their cultural, moral and value orientation is to a great extent, affects the development of the United States.4.Independence Day: commonly known as the Fourth of July, is a federal holiday in the United States celebrating the adoption of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain.5.wall street:Wall Street is the financial district of New York City, named after and centered on the eight-block-long, 0.7 miles(1.1 km)long street running from Broadway to South Street on the East River in Lower Manhattan.Over time, the term has become a metonym for the financial markets of the United States as a whole, the American financial sector(even if financial firms are not physically located there), or signifying New York-based financial interests.Wall Street is the home of the New York Stock Exchange, the world's largest stock exchange by market capitalization of its listed companies.Several other major exchanges have or had headquarters in the Wall Street area, including NASDAQ, the New York Mercantile Exchange, the New York Board of Trade, and the former American Stock Exchange.Anchored by Wall Street, New York City has been called the world's principal financial center.6.Hollywood:is a district in the central region of Los Angeles, California, in the United States.It is notable for its place as the home of the entertainment industry, including several of its historic studios.Its name has come to represent the motion picture industry of the United States.Hollywood is also a highly ethnically diverse, densely populated, economically diverse neighborhood and retail business district.Hollywood was a small community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903.It merged with the City of Los Angeles in 1910, and soon thereafter a film industry began to emerge, eventually becoming dominant in the world.7.Pilgrim Fathers: is a name commonly applied to early settlers of the Plymouth Colony in
present-day Plymouth, Massachusetts, United States.Their leadership came from the religious congregations of Brownist English Dissenters who had fled the volatile political environment in England for the relative calm and tolerance of 16th–17th century Holland in the Netherlands.Concerned with losing their cultural identity, the group later arranged with English investors to establish a new colony in North America.8.Great Charter:Magna Carta(Latin for Great Charter), also called Magna Carta Libertatum or The Great Charter of the Liberties of England, is an Angevin charter originally issued in Latin in June 1215.It was sealed under oath by King John at Runnymede, on the bank of the River Thames near Windsor, England at June 15, 1215.Magna Carta was the first document forced onto a King of England by a group of his subjects, the feudal barons, in an attempt to limit his powers by law and protect their rights.Question:
Melting pot: is a metaphor for a heterogeneous society becoming more homogeneous, the different elements “melting together” into a harmonious whole with a common culture.It is particularly used to describe the assimilation of immigrants to the United States.The melting-together metaphor was in use by the 1780s.The exact term “melting pot” came into general usage in the United States after it was used as a metaphor describing a fusion of nationalities, cultures and ethnicities in the 1908 play of the same name.Separation of powers: Separation of Powers(三权分立)is the basic of thewestern capitalist countries.The origin of the principle of separation of powers can be traced back to(追溯到)the period of Aristotle(亚里士多德时期).It is proposed to avoid the abuse of power(滥用权力).The US Government is divided into three branches so that no one branch has all the power.Each branch has its own purpose:
Legislative Branch(立法机构)— to make laws;
Executive Branch(行政机构)—to executive laws;
Judicial Branch(司法)—interpret the laws;
Civil war(U.S.): was a civil war fought from 1861 to 1865, after seven Southern slave states declared their secession and formed the Confederate States of America(the “Confederacy” or the “South”, which grew to include eleven states).The states that remained in the Union were known as the “Union” or the “North”.The war had its origin in the fractious issue of slavery, especially the extension of slavery into the western territories.Foreign powers did not intervene.After four years of bloody combat that left over 600,000 soldiers dead and destroyed much of the South's infrastructure, the Confederacy collapsed, slavery was abolished, and the difficult Reconstruction process of restoring national unity and guaranteeing civil rights to the freed slaves began.Presidential Election: is an indirect vote in which citizens cast ballots for a slate of members of the U.S.Electoral College;these electors in turn directly elect the President and Vice President.Presidential elections occur quadrennially(the count beginning with the year 1792)on Election Day, the Tuesday between November 2 and 8, coinciding with the general elections of various
other federal, states and local races.The most recent was the 2012 election, held on November 6.The next election will be the 2016 election, which will be held on November 8, 2016.British Newspaper culture: Traditionally, UK newspapers could be split into more serious-minded newspapers, usually referred to as the broadsheets due to their large size, and sometimes known collectively as “the quality press ”, and less serious newspapers, generally known as tabloids , and collectively as “the popular press”, which have tended to focus more on celebrity coverage and human interest stories rather than political reporting or overseas news.Democracy with a constitutional monarchy : Initially after the American and French revolutions, the question was open whether a democracy, in order to restrain unchecked majority rule, should have an élite upper chamber, the members perhaps appointed meritorious experts or having lifetime tenures, or should have a constitutional monarch with limited but real powers.Some countries(as The United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, Scandinavian countries, Thailand, Japan and Bhutan)turned powerful monarchs into constitutional monarchs with limited or, often gradually, merely symbolic roles.Often the monarchy was abolished along with the aristocratic system(as in France, China, Russia, Germany, Austria, Hungary, Italy, Greece and Egypt).Many nations had élite upper houses of legislatures which often had lifetime tenure, but eventually these lost power(as in Britain)or else became elective and remained powerful.Industrial Revolution: was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.This transition included going from hand production methods to machines, new chemical manufacturing and iron production processes, improved efficiency of water power, the increasing use of steam power, and the development of machine tools.It also included the change from wood and other bio-fuels to coal.
点击咨询 