第一篇：英语四六级作文写作开头结尾常见结构
英语四六级作文写作开头结尾常见结构 四、六级写作(主要讲中间核心段落)最常见的有三种情况。第一种情况就是对立观点(包括选择子类)的情况。这种情况主要有(AB——I——C)、(A——B——I)和(AB——AB——I)的写法(其中A和B表示对立的观点，I表示我，C表示结论。具体分析参见贡献写作心得之一)，其中每个文章都有开篇句，放在第一段的开头。这里若只有一句话，单独成段就不大可能。若有两句话或以上，就可单独成段，但这种情形并不多。
第二种情形是事物性质的情形(包括利弊子类)。开头一般单独成段。中间根据要求，有时利与弊都写，有时只写优点，有时只写问题或弊病。
第三种情形是提出问题——分析原因——提出解决办法的情形。这种情况的混合模板最多。注意根据具体情况第二段有可能略去，第三段可以非常简略。
上述包含了大部分的情形，但还不完全。让我们在纵向分析以后，来进行一下横向的分析。
开头：引入主题
中间A：
1)对立观点
2)利弊、优点或问题
3)分析原因(有时是分析必要性)
中间B：
1)自己的看法或做法(想想整体——个体的情形)
2)解决办法(或趋势展望)
结尾：结论
中间核心的部分B是可能没有的，或者用很简洁的话与结尾融在一起。也可能没有A有B，这种可能性很小。这样分析以后，绝大多数文章就包含进来了。但大家注意，这种模式没有覆盖纯粹的记叙文和描写文——这两种文章的记叙和描写的部分是没有模板的，只有靠大家分别依据时间和空间的线索去发挥了。
在这里我们举几个比较难的例子，先谈谈涉及自己(整体——个体)的情形：
My View on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements
1.现在有些不良的商业广告
2.这些广告的副作用和危害性
3.我对这些广告的态度
这是95年1月六级真题。写成三段。起始段可写成两句话，许多不良广告——危害巨大，注意这两句话可以合并成一句。第二段可以从三方面分析危害，首句要写好——其危害可以总结如下。第三段写态度，因为次段已写了危害，这段应该写解决办法。因为这篇文章有两个重要模块(即第二、第三段)，可以写得干净利索，只分两个方面。建议段内写成四句话，即总分总的结构，如下：
In my mind, the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end to these false advertisements.On the one hand, the government should punish the advertisers severely lest they harm the customers again.On the other hand, common citizens should report such harmful advertisements as soon as possible.Only by the joint efforts of the government and the common people can we do away with false advertisements.首句中in my mind这样的词组或句型不可少，扣提纲中的第三点和标题开头。次句和第三句力求平行、工整。最后一句采用only引起倒装句，效果强烈，此段中的呼应(coherence)达到极点，最后文章以false advertisements结尾来扣标题中心词。
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports(1993.1)
1.体育运动的好处
2.体育运动可能带来的副作用
3.我参加体育运动的体会
The Two-Day Weekend(1996.1)
1.双休日给大学生带来的好处
2.双休日可能给大学生带来的问题
3.我应当怎样过好双休日
这两篇文章要特别注意写好第三点，把自己的独到之处写出来。
英语四级考试写作终极归纳之基础篇
结合多年来对四级写作的研究和一些丰富的教学经验，笔者认为非常有必要将一些四级写作知识和技巧进行总结，因为这不仅仅对现行四级的考生，而且对即将参加新四级考试的学生都有指导和借鉴意义。
四级写作的特点与要求
孙子云：“知己知彼，百战不殆”。想在写作考试中获得成功，就必须首先了解四级考试的要求和评分规则。由于新四级考试还没有开始进行，笔者就以一篇根据现行四级写作题目“Do „Lucky Numbers‟ Really Bring Good Luck?”写成的学生作文为例来讲述几个最基本的道理。
例文1：
Some people think that certian(拼写错误)numbers will bring good luck to them.Numbers such as six, eight, sixteen and eighteen are regarded as lucky numbers.There are also people who think that their success is related to certain numbers.However, some other people think numbers have nothing to do with their luck.They believe in their own rather than “lucky numbers”.They don't do things according to certain numbers.As far as I am concerned, I think it is a person's own business whether he believes in a certain number or not.The most important thing is that he has done the work by himself and has done it quite well.As to the belief in numbers, it is their(前后指代不一致，应改为his)personal choice.该文章是当年四级考试命题组印发给全国评卷老师的一篇例文，根据15分制的评分标准，这篇例文被评为14分，供全国评卷老师作为评分参考。乍看起来，本文无论从遣词造句还是思想深度，似乎都算不得一篇佳作；但它之所以能够被评为14分，还是有其内在深层次原因的，那就是经常被考生们所忽视的议论文写作常识。简要地讲，可分为以下三个部分：
（一）英文议论文的结构特点
汉语写作对文章结构的要求不是很高，如开头段应该包括什么、论题句应该在什么时候出现、文章的结尾是否必须总结全文等等。而英语写作要求文章结构必须十分严谨，文章各个部分的功能都要十分清晰，开头、中间和结尾都有严格的要求。
简而言之，英语议论文共有三大特点：
1、观点鲜明的开头；
2、紧扣主题的结尾；
3、有主题句并且衔接自然的中间段落。
这三点当中，第1、2点早已为绝大多数中国学生所熟知，因为开头点题和结尾扣题同样也是汉语文章的要求。但在长时间的学习过程中，这样的要求被很多学生以为是“老土”而得不到足够的重视。如果将这种思想带到英语议论文写作当中，直接的后果就是中心分散、观点不明确，加上中国学生普遍英文表达能力不强，这些因素就为整篇文章的失败埋下了隐患。
另外，英语文章和汉语不同的是段落的主题句一定要放在段首，而不能按照中文的写作习惯放在段落的中间或者最后，在英文应试写作中更加如此。正因为没有“主题句”的思想，所以中国学生在写英语文章时经常“想到什么，就写什么”，这在英语议论文中是不能接受的。例如，例文1中每一段的首句都简要地概括出了该段的主要内容，换句话说，每段的内容都是根据首句来展开的，其顺序不能颠倒。
（关于段落的衔接，在后面的内容中将详细介绍。）
(二)中心统一
在中心统一这个问题上，英语议论文和汉语议论文的概念也有所不同。中国人在写议论文时常常遵循“中庸”的原则，其具体的表现就是认为世界上没有任何事情是绝对的。当他们在文章中表扬一件事物或一种现象的时候，总要指出其不足；同样，在批评一件事物或一种现象的同时，也总不忘记指出其也有合理之处。这种做法从道理上来讲并没有什么不妥，但却不符合英语议论文的写作习惯，因为英语作家在写议论文时关注的是自己的辩论技巧和其结果对公众的影响力。换句话说，如果作者告诉大家两面都有道理也就等于说两面都没有道理，因为读者在读了文章之后仍旧不知道作者的看法是什么，以及自己在这种情况下到底该怎么做。
所以，既然四级考试考的是英语文章，大家就应该遵循英文议论文的写作思路和习惯：表示支持则旗帜鲜明地支持；表示反对就彻彻底底地反对，而不能采取“墙头草两边倒”的做法。以上面的例文1为例，如果作者的观点是“幸运数字是既有道理又无道理的”，这种观点就无法让人接受，因为在英语议论文中，这是典型的中心不统一。(英语四六级写作必备的36个经典成语
1.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
2.God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者
3.Easier said than done.说起来容易做起来难。
4.Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
5.One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，谬之千里。
6.Slow and steady wins the race.稳扎稳打无往而不胜。
7.A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。
8.Experience is the mother of wisdom.实践出真知。
9.All work and no play makes jack a dull boy.只工作不休息，聪明孩子也变傻。
10.Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance.无德之美犹如没有香味的玫瑰，徒有其表。
11.More hasty, less speed.欲速则不达。
12.It's never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。
13.All that glitters is not gold.闪光的未必都是金子。
14.A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之行始于足下。
15.Look before you leap.三思而后行。
16.Rome was not built in a day.伟业非一日之功。
17.Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。
18.well begun, half done.好的开始等于成功的一半。
19.It is hard to please all.众口难调。
20.Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见，心不念。
21.Facts speak plainer than words.事实胜于雄辩。
22.Call back white and white back.颠倒黑白。
23.First things first.凡事有轻重缓急。
24.Ill news travels fast.坏事传千里。
25.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
26.live not to eat, but eat to live.活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭为了活着。
27.Action speaks louder than words.行动胜过语言。
28.East or west, home is the best.金窝银窝不如自家草窝。
29.It's not the gay coat that makes the gentleman.君子在德不在衣。
30.Beauty will buy no beef.漂亮不能当饭吃。
31.Like and like make good friends.趣味相投。
32.The older, the wiser.姜是老的辣。
33.Do as Romans do in Rome.入乡随俗。
34.An idle youth, a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
35.AS the tree, so the fruit.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。
36.To live is to learn, to learn is to better live.活着为了学习，学习为了更好的活着。四级写作常用经典句型 1）主语从句
It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy.It is well-known that...It is self-evident/ conceivable / obvious / apparent that...It goes without saying that...It is universally acknowledged that...It is / that 2）宾（表）语从句
We cannot understand why he was so cruel to his roommates.The problem is not who will go, but who will stay.3）定语从句（限定性和非限定性）
As is shown/ demonstrated/ illustrated/ depicted/ described...in the cartoon/ picture/ graph/ table..., There are many reasons why I want to study in your university.It is estimated that tens of billions of pounds spent on cigarettes every year in our country, which is a huge waste.4）状语从句（时间，原因，地点，条件，让步，转折等）
When the man is enjoying the cigarette, the smoke becomes a monster（怪物）which will devour him.Whatever the reason, there are still some problems with student use of computers.5）分词短语做定语或状语
Prof.Kang came to our university, giving us a lecture on how to acquire English better.6）倒装句
Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem.Scattered around the globe are more than 100 small regions of isolated volcanic activity known to geologists as hot spots.7）被动句
Some measures should be taken to deal with the problem.He is said to have accomplished a lot of great deeds.Many people believe that...（It is believed that...）
8）设问句
Do you still remember the boy who cried wolf for several times so no one would trust him?
三十五个经典句型 帮你过写作关
一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)
~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 +(that)+ 主词 + have ever + seen(known/heard/had/read, etc)
例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
Mr.Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）
例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
四、There is no denying that + S + V...（不可否认的...）
例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~（全世界都知道...）
例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~（毫无疑问的...）
例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子（...的优点是...）
例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won„t create(produce)any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子（...的原因是...）
例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子（如此...以致于...）
例句：So precious is time that we can„t afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~（虽然...）
例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈...愈...）
例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make.你愈努力，你愈进步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。
十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~（借着...，..能够..）
例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
十三、~~~ enable + Object（受词）+ to + V（..使..能够..）
例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
十四、On no account can we + V ~~~（我们绝对不能...）
例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
十五、It is time + S + 过去式（该是...的时候了）
例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
十六、Those who ~~~（...的人...）
例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
十七、There is no one but ~~~（没有人不...）
例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.没有人不渴望上大学。
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V（不得不...）
例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃做运动。
十九、It is conceivable that + 句子（可想而知的）
It is obvious that + 句子（明显的）
It is apparent that + 句子（显然的）
例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
二十、That is the reason why ~~~（那就是...的原因）
例句：Summer is sultry.That is the reason why I don„t like it.夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
二十一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）
例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。
例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
二十三、It pays to + V ~~~（...是值得的。）
例句：It pays to help others.帮助别人是值得的。
二十四、be based on（以...为基础）
例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
二十五、Spare no effort to + V（不遗余力的）
We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事（让...明白...事）
例句：We should bring home to people the value of working hard.我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。
二十七、be closely related to ~~（与...息息相关）
例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。
二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving
= make it a rule to + V（养成...的习惯）
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~（因为...）
例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
三
十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！）
例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
遵守诺言是多么重要的事！
三
十一、Leave much to be desired（令人不满意）
例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.我们的交通状况令人不满意。
三
十二、Have a great influence on ~~~（对...有很大的影响）
例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
三
十三、do good to（对...有益），do harm to（对...有害）
例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
三
十四、Pose a great threat to ~~（对...造成一大威胁）
例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
三
十五、do one‟s utmost to + V = do one„s best（尽全力去...）
例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
2008年英语四、六级考试写作模板汇总(I)说明原因型模块
Currently, XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than XX It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3)，failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon(6).With reference to my standpoint, I think(7).注释:
1:XX的第一个优点 2:支持XX的做法 3:不支持XX的做法 4:XX的第二个优点 5:举例证明优点二
6:说明XX优点三的影响第三天我写的相应作文: The importance of self-confidence Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory---nothing is more valuable than self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know the secret of Me.Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my standpoint, I think(he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).(I)说明原因型模块(2)
In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for(2).First of all,(3).Then, there comes a case that(4).Moreover,(5).Especially when(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind people that(7).In this way, we should behave just like(8).The impact of Television In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels.It has caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all,(with so many programs to choose from, children are not getting as much exercise as they should).Then, there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school).Moreover,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply.(I)说明原因型模块(4)
For most of us today,(1).From above, we can find that the reasons why(2)are as follows.The primary reason, I think, is(3).Second,(4).The third reason, actually, is(5).The significance for(6)。Therefore,(7).注释:
(1)人们针对XX的态度和举措(2)归纳现状(3)第一个原因(4)第二个原因(5)第三个原因
(6)重申造成现状的最重要原因 Pollution
Most of us today(recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem.lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air.many fish die of poisonous water.thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in gas.therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling, or bringing death not only to human beings, but also to wild life.)From above, we can find that the reasons why(environment are polluted more and more seriously)are as follows.the primary reason, I think, is(the reason of harmful substances into environment.for example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests.however, they pollute air, water and land).Second,(the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly).the third reason actually is(the result of a growing population in the world.everyday, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, also pollute the environment).The significance for(controlling pollution)noted that it's high time that more effective measures should be taken.Therefore,(new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories.moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste.let's make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us).新东方CET-4写作强化：常用句型模板及套句大全 综合运用篇
Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is that....随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take different attitudes.然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。（Hold different attitudes 持不同的看；Come up with different attitudes 有不同的看法）
As society develops, people are attaching much importance to....随着社会的发展，人们开始关注............People are attaching more and more importance to the interview during job hunting 求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。
As to whether it is worthwhile....., there is a long-running controversial debate.It is quite natural that people from different backgrounds may have divergent attitudes towards it.关于是否值得___________的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。
Recently the phenomenon has aroused wide concern, some people are in alarm that....最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心______________。
The human race has entered a completely new stage in its history, with the increasingly rapid economic globalization and urbanization, more problems are brought to our attention.人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。
......plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world, there comes a question, is it a blessing or a curse?“ _______显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：”我们该如何抉择？“ Now we are entering a new era, full of opportunities and challenges, 现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。展现问题篇
问题的常用词：question, problem, issue
Recently, the issue of......has been brought into public focus.近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people's attitude towards some traditional practice.现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。Recently the issue of whether or not...has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。
The issue whether it is good or not to....has aroused a heated discussion all over the country.______的利与弊已在全国范围内引起热烈的讨论。
At present, some people think....while others claim...Both sides have their merits.目前，一些人认为_______而另一些人则认为_______。其实，两种观点都其可取之处。People rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue.对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。
People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。The controversial issue is often brought into public focus.People from different backgrounds hold different attitudes towards the issue.这中极具争议性的话题往往很受社会的关注。不同的人对此问题的看法也不尽相同。When asked..., some people think.....while some prefer...说到______，有人认为________，而另一些人则认为__________。
Just as the saying goes: ”so many people, so many minds“.It is quite understandable that views on this issue vary from person to person.俗话说，”“。不同的人对此有不同的看法是可以理解的。To this issue, different people come up with various attitudes.对于这个问题，不同的人持不同的观点。
There is a good side and a bad side to everything, it goes without saying that...万事万物都有其两面性，所以，勿庸置疑，____________。
When it comes to..., most people believe that..., but other people regard...as....提到_________问题，很多人认为_________，不过，一些人则认为______是____.When faced with...., quite a few people claim that...., but other people think as...提到_________问题，仅少数人认为________，但另一些人则认为_________。
There is a public controversy nowadays over the issue of....There who criticize...argue that...., they believe that...,but people who favor.., on the other hand, argue that...目前，_______问题争议较大。批判_______的人认为_______，他们认为_______，不过，另一方面，赞同_______的人则认为_________。
Some people are of the opinion that..有些人认为_____________。Many people claim that...很多人认为_____________。A majority of 绝大多数 A large number of 很多人
Some people contend that...has proved to bring many advantages(disadvantages)有些人认为________有很多有利之处（不利之处）。
Those who argue for...say that...economic development of the cities.觉得_____的人认为，______ 城市的经济发展。Some people advocate that....有些人在坚持认为_________。They hold that...他们认为_________。
People, who advocate that..., have their sound reasons(grounds)坚持认为______的人也有其说法（依据）。
Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it.那些从中受益的人对此大家褒奖。
Those who strongly approve of...have cogent reasons for it.强烈认同_______的人有很多原因。Many people would claim that...有人会认为___________。
People who support...give some or all of the following reasons.那些支持_________观点的人列出了如下原因：________。But others hold the view that...但是，另外一些人则认为_______。
观点的用词：Attitude, opinion, 与其搭配的动词以及词组：Take, have, come up with，set forth, put forward等。But on the other hand, there are also quite a few people who strongly advocate that..,.不过，另一方面，也有少部分人坚持认为_______________。But people who are..., on the other hand , maintain that...不过，另一方面，________的人认为__________。
However, there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.然而，很多人对此有不同的看法。
问题用词：Issue, phenomenon，后接介词, on, over等。
However, some others argue that...然而，另一些人则认为_________。
However, there are also some others who contend that...然而，也有人认为__________。
But other people set forth completely totally different argument concerning this case.不过，对于此，另一些人则持完全不同的观点。
Some people examine this issue from another angle.有的人用另一角度来看这一问题。
On the other hand, there are also many opponents who strongly...另一方面，也有很多反对的人，他们认为_____________。
According to my personality and fondness, I would prefer...rather than...根据我的个性以及兴趣，我选择_______而不会选择__________。
Personally, I side with the latter(former)opinion...就我个人而言，我支持后者（前者）___________。
Personally, I am in favor of the former point of view.就我个人而言，我较同意前一种看法。
To my point of view 我认为
To my mind, the advantages far overweigh the drawbacks（disadvantages, shortcomings）
我认为，优点胜过缺点。
For my part, I stand on side of the latter opinion that..就我而言，我较赞同后一种观点________________。
As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the latter view.在我看来，我较同意后一种观点。
After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the latter view that...经过深思熟虑，我较支持后一种看法，亦即________________________。
If asked to make a decision, I would prefer...如果真的需要作出选择，我宁愿____________。
Taking into consideration both sides of the issue, I tend to favor the latter view..比较两种观点进行比较，我较同意后一种观点，亦即_________________。When considering opinions of both sides, I am inclined to...对两种观点进行综合考虑之后，我较认同_________________。
If it is up to me to make a choice between...and...I would rather choose...over...如果要我在____和____之间进行选择，我宁愿选择_____而不会选择______。
I would have to say that, if I were faced with the decision, I would follow....我需要说的是，如果要我抉择，我会____________。
At the risk of sounding too direct , I prefer to...虽然可能过于直接，不过，我还是选择____________。
表达不确定的用词：May, seem, be likely to, possible, probably, perhaps, be said that, be said to...in my mind , the following factors/reasons/causes need to be taken into consideration.我认为，我们需要考虑下列因素/原因：
There are several reasons for this phenomenon/why...-(as follows).造成这种现象的原因如下：
And I would like to present two explanations for this: 对于此，我有如下两点愚见：
The reasons are chiefly as follows.主要原因如下：
There are numerous reasons why ____, and I would like to explore a few of the most important ones here.为什么___________，原因很多，在此列举几个较为重要的原因。
The reasons are presented below.原因如下。
There are three premier(主要的)/best/ most important, largest, significant, obvious, crucial causes as follows.以下这些是造成这一问题的最主要/最好/最重要/最大/最有意义/明显/至关重要的原因。
This is based on the propensity(倾向，原因)of following points.这基于以下的原因。
The main reason is that..主要原因是_____________。
One very important argument for.....is that...._______的非常重要的原因便是____________________。
The reasons are quite clear.Above all,....原因非常清楚。首先（首要的是）__________。
The first reason can be seen by every person.第一个原因其实很明显。
The first and most important reason is that.....第一个而且最重要的原因是______________。
One of the reasons that are given for....is that....______________的原因之一是__________________。
Perhaps this is because of the simple fact that.....也许，原因很简单，亦即_____________________。
One of the premier causes is that(注意用词)最重要的原因之一便是______________。
At the risk of sounding too simplistic, it seems to me that the main propositions can be summarized in one saying.这个原因可能较简单，不过，我认为可以用一句谚语来概括，________。
We may look into every possible reason, however, foremost reason for....Is....其实有很多原因，不过，造成________的最重要的原因是______________。
It might also be noted that....需要注意的是，____________。
Another reason why.....(凑字数，但不可滥用)is that....(有利于写长句)
What is also worth noticing is that....值得一提的是___________________。
There is another factor that deserves some words here.还有另外一个很重要的原因。
A more essential factor why....Is that ________ 的更为重要的原因是____________。
A further reason why，， is that.....________的更深层次的原因是____________。
In addition..此外，再者
Moving on to wider themes,_______
展开来说，_________________________。
The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that...第二个原因也很重要（值得考虑），亦即__________。
Likewise(同样), common sense tells us that...同样，___________，这是众所周知的。
The third but very important reason is that...第三个（尽管不是很重要）原因是______________。
The third, not the last is that, 第三个原因是___________。
The last factor to be taken seriously is...第三个重要原因是_______________。
Finally, moreover, last but not least, furthermore.As the proverb goes: ”every coin has its two sides“,....is no exception.俗语有云：”万事万物都有两面性。“ ________也不例外。
Every thing has a good side and a bad side, and....is no exception.万事万物有其两面性，而________也是如此。
The discussion as to whether the...is a blessing or a curse arouses most people's interests.__________是好坏利弊问题引起了很多人的兴趣。
..plays such an important role that it undeniably becomes the biggest concern of the present world.______ 尤为重要而引起当今社会的关注。
There comes a question: is it a blessing or a curse.问题是：____是福是祸？
There is no denying that every thing has one more face and...is no exception.不可否认，每一件事物都有其两面性，其实，______也不例外。
Every thing in the world has its own two sides.Without exception, A has both advantages and disadvantages.任何事情都有两面性，A也不例外，有其优势和劣势（利与弊）。
....undoubtedly plays an increasing significant role in modern life.不容置疑，_______在现代生活中不断显示出起重要性。
With the development of the society,...is increasingly important.随着社会的发展，_______变得越来越重要。
The merits of this is obvious...其好处显而易见。
As we know,...bring many benefits and convenience to people.众所周知，_______ 为我们的生活带来很多好处。
There are no less than three advantages in..as rendered below.如下所示，_______ 至少有三种好处。
Despite the advantages...has, some people claim, we shall not lose sight of its adverse effects on...尽管_____有些益处（优势），有些人则认为，我们不能忽略了其对______的负面影响。
However, like anything else,...has more than one face.然而，象其他任何事物一样，______ 还有其它的方面。
However, with the advance of the human civilization, there is an increasing number of people who have raised doubts about whether...然而，随着人类文明的进步，越来越多的人开始置疑是否__________。
Some people deem it is a dangerous signal and call for public awareness of the negative effects it has brought about.有些人认为这是一种危险的信号，因此需关注其给社会带来的负面影响。
Of course, nothing in the world is perfect, so is...当然，时间没有完美的事物，所以，________。
Despite its merits, it also brings some problems to solve.尽管其也有很多优点，不过，也给我们带来一些问题。
But its bright side should not keep us from examining its dark side.但是，我们不能因为这些优点而忽略了其缺点。
From the reasons presented above, I think the pros outweigh the cons.从以上原因可以看出，其优势胜过劣势（优点多于缺点）。
As far as I am concerned, its disadvantages outweigh its disadvantages.我认为，其优势胜于劣势。
总的说来：In general, all in all, on the whole , in brief, in summary, in conclusion, in short, in a word , to sum up, to conclude, to summarize,...But all in all, I would say the advantages outweigh the disadvantages.With the advance of society, if we encourage the merits and eliminate the drawbacks, all people will enjoy a better life.但是，总的说来，我认为其优势大于劣势。随着社会的发展，如果我们能对此善加利用，所有的人都能生活得更好。
From what has been discussed above, we may finally draw the conclusion that...通过以上的讨论，我们可以得出如下结论，___________。
So, as I see it..因此，我个人认为，_________。
What we must do is to encourage the strength and diminish the weaknesses to the least extent.我们必须尽可能发挥其优势，趋吉避凶。
In conclusion, although...has its negative effects, it can to a great extent bring us more advantages.总的说来，虽然_______ 有其负面的影响，在很大程度上，其也将给我们带来很多好处。
From what has been discussed above, we can see...does more harm than good to us.Therefore, I strongly approve of the motion that...从以上论述可知，_____ 对我们百害而无一利。
”比如“的表达方式： For example, For instance, It can be given a concrete example, Take...for an example, it is a very obvious case There is one impressive example I want to mention here.Let's see an example.It is best illustrated if given the following example.Let me provide an example.Perhaps the most important example of...is that...As I remember,/ I now still remember that.I will never forget that To illustrate this, there is an example that is very persuasive.An instance that accompanies this reason is that...An example can give the details of this argument,...It is a forceful example to demonstrate the importance of...History presented many examples of...In order to see this point clearly, let us see an example.书信作文套句
Dear Sir or Madam
Mr.Mrs.Miss.Ms.Yours sincerely, yours truthfully，Love, Yours affectionately，书信作文常用套句
开头部分
1：The time flies, we haven't seen each other for a long time.All the things here are going on pretty well, I just miss you so much!时间过得很快，我们已经很久没见了。这里一切都好，就是很想你。
2：It is so great to hear from you again.能再次收到你的来信我很开心。
3：Long time no see!好久不见。
4：I trust that everything is going smoothly for you.我相信你那里一切都好。
5：It is a great pleasure for me to have this wonderful chance to put pen to paper and send greetings to you.很高兴我有这样的机会提笔给你写信，寄给你我的问候和祝福。
中间部分：
Give advice:
In my humble opinion, you would be wise to take the following action: 在下认为，如果你能采取以下措施，将是一种明智的选择。
I hope you will not find it too forward for me to suggest that you...请原谅我的直接，不过，希望你能___________。
In my experience, it seems that _______ would make sense in your situation.从我的经验来看，针对你的情况，似乎________会有帮助。
At the risk of overstepping my boundaries, allow me to suggest that you____。
请原谅我的冒昧，不过我建议你_____________。
Gratitude
I truly appreciate your kindness.我很欣赏你的仁慈。
I am grateful to you for...非常感谢你_________________-。
I appreciate it more than I can say.我对你表示万分感谢。
I can never thank you enough.万分感谢。
I wish there were a better word than ” thanks “ to express my appreciation for your generous help.其实，对你的帮助岂能用”谢谢"儿子可以表达的。
It was kind and generous of you to do this for me, and I appreciate it more than I can say.你对我如此慷慨，真是对您感激不尽。
Many thanks for your kindness and hospitality.非常感谢你的仁慈和好客。
Now we have arrived back home safe and sound.现在我已经安全到家。
Thank you from the bottom of my heart for...我打从心底谢谢你（真诚地感谢你）。
Thank you again for your kindness.谢谢你的好意。
Apology
Please accept my sincerest and deepest apology.请接受我最诚挚、最深刻的道歉。
I apologize most sincerely for...我诚挚地对___________向你道歉。
I am truly sorry to have done...我对________向你表示道歉。
Please forgive me...请原谅我曾__________。
I owe you an apology...我为______向你道歉。
I regret to inform you that I am unable to do..很遗憾地告诉你，我没法___________。
I am so sorry to have put you through so much trouble...很抱歉给你带来这么多麻烦，__________。
Invitation
The honor of your presence is requested...若你能出席________，我（们）将感到万分荣幸。
It's a pleasure for me to invite you to...我很荣幸地邀请你参加__________。
We sincerely hope that you make it.我们真诚地希望你能参加。
We would be honored to have you there with us...如果您能参加我们的__________，我们将不甚荣幸。
I will cover all the expense involved.我将负担所有的费用。
Sympathy
I can only imagine how difficult this time must be for you, and I want to extend to you my unwavering support.我能想象你所经历的一切，而且，我想告诉你，我会永远支持你。
Complain
I am writing to express my dissatisfaction withat...我写这封信是想告诉你们我对________不是很满意。
I very much regret to have to inform you that...很遗憾地通知你，__________。
I would like to draw the attention of the authorities concerned to the...我想就_____________问题引起有关部门的重视。
I feel something ought to be done about...我觉得________方面还可以作一些努力（需要改进）。
I hope that the above situation will be improved as soon as possible.我希望以上问题（情况）能尽快解决（改进）。
Your effort to provide good services will be highly appreciated by all.我们会很感激您作出的一切努力。
We will appreciate your willingness to make up for the loss.我们真的希望你们能对损失作出补偿。
Inquiry
I would like to request some information about...我想对_______问题向您咨询。
My first question is...我的问题就是__________。
I am greatly concerned about...我对_________较为关注。
Should I need to send further materials, please let me know.我是否需要再寄其他资料给你，请及时告知。
Could you be so kind as to send me some relevant booklets on the above-mentioned aspects.能否针对上述的问题寄些相关的小册子给我。结尾部分：
Again, I would like to express our warm thanks to you.我想再次对你表示感谢。
I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.我希望待尽快给我回复。
Thank you for your consideration and I will be looking forward to your reply.谢谢你关心（关注），我期待你的回复。
套句总结
开头
Recently, the problem of...has aroused people's concern.最近,...问题已引起人们的关注.Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题.Nowadays,(overpopulation)has become a problem we have to face.如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.It is commonly believed that.../ It is a common belief that...人们一般认为...Many people insist that...很多人坚持认为...With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that...随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为...A lot of people seem to think that...很多人似乎认为...引出不同观点:
People's views on...vary from person to person.Some hold that....However, others believe that....人们对...的观点因人而异.有些人认为.....然而其他人却认为．．．
People may have different opinions on...人们对...可能会有不同的见解.Attitudes towards(drugs)vary from person to person.人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异.There are different opinions among people as to...关于....人们的观点大不相同.Different people hold different attitudes toward(failure).对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.结尾部分
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that...把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论...Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that...考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论...Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that...因此,我们最好得出这样的结论...There is no doubt that(job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.All in all, we cannot live without...But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.总之,我们没有...是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.提出建议:
It is high time that we put an end to the(trend).该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.It is time to take the advice of...and to put special emphasis on the improvement of...该是采纳...的建议,并对...的进展给予特殊重视的时候了.There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of...毫无疑问,对...问题应予以足够的重视.Obviously,....If we want to do something..., it is essential that...显然,如果我们想做某事,很重要的是...Only in this way can we...只有这样,我们才能...It must be realized that...我们必须意识到...预示后果:
Obviously, if we don't control the problem, the chances are that...will lead us in danger.很明显,如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险.No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that...毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,很可能会...It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.很紧迫的是,应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展.论证部分
From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.I cannot entirely agree with the idea that...我无法完全同意这一观点....Personally, I am standing on the side of...就个人而言,我站在...的一边.I sincerely believe that...我真诚地相信...In my opinion, it is more advisable to do...than to do....在我个人看来,做...比做...更明智.Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why...坦诚地说，最后，还有一个较为实际的原因，_________。
给出原因:
This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.First,...Second,...Third,...这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先,...第二,...第三,...Why did...? For one thing...For another....Perhaps the primary reason is...为什么会...? 一个原因是...令一个原因是...或许其主要原因是....I quite agree with the statement that...the reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述,即...,其主要原因如下:
列出解决办法:
Here are some suggestions for handling...这是如何处理某事的一些建议.The best way to solve the troubles is...解决这些麻烦的最好办法是...People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题.批判错误观点和做法:
As far as something is concerned,....就某事而言,...It was obvious that...很显然,....It may be true that..., but it doesn't mean that...可能...是对的,但这并不意味着...It is natural to believe that..., but we shouldn't ignore that...认为....是很自然的,但我们不应忽视....There is no evidence to suggest that...没有证据表明...作文中常用连接词的选择
表示强调的连接词
still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially.Obviously, clearly.表示比较的连接词
like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.表示对比的连接词
by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.表示列举的连接词
for example, for instance, such as, take...for example.Except(for), to illustrate.表示时间的连接词
later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.表示顺序的连接词
first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.表示可能的连接词
presumably, probably, perhaps.用于解释的连接词
in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.表示递进的连接词
What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.表示让步的连接词
although, after all, in spite of..., despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.表示转折的连接词
however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately.whereas
表示原因的连接词
for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.表示结果的连接词
as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.用于总结的连接词
on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.其他类型连接词
Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case, 图表作文常用句型
As is shown in the graph...如图所示...The graph shows that...图表显示...As can be seen from the table,...从表格中可以看出...From the chart, we know that...从这张表中,我们可知...All these data clearly prove the fact that...所有这些数据明显证明这一事实,即...The increase of....In the city has reached to 20%...在这个城市的增长已达到20%.In 1985, the number remained the same.1985年,这个数字保持不变.There was a gradual decline in 1989.1989年,出现了逐渐下降的情况.
第二篇：四六级作文写作开头结尾常见结构
解读四六级考试作文写作误区
四六级考试作文部分占15分，四级要求写一篇100字的文章，六级为120字，两者难度相差并不大。纵观历次四、六级考试作文阅卷的情况，普遍存在着以下几方面的问题，而这些问题正是考生作文拿不到高分的关键所在。
1、平时缺乏训练、没有掌握写作能力。许多考生的写作仍停留在句子水平上，还没有上升到语篇水平上，因此写出的文章不流畅很生硬。还有一些学生的语言基础薄弱，中学所学的语言基础知识在大学里没能够得到巩固。
2、对四六级作文的答题方法缺乏了解。四六级考试的题型以写Argument类型的文章为主，偶尔也会出现图表作文、信或描述性、说明性的题目。
3、母语干扰的痕迹非常明显。例如，在1998年1月的作文题目为“Harmfulness of Fake Commodities”。有一位考生要表达“别人赚钱有人眼红”这样的意思，他不会使用“envy”或“envious”等词语，而是直接把眼红翻成了“red eyes”，使人感到费解。另一位考生想要讲述自己买了一双假冒皮鞋，不久鞋上开了一个洞这样的意思，就写出了“There was a cave in the shoe”这样的句子。这些虽然都是极端的例子，但也反映了母语干扰的一个方面。
4、对待作文考试的态度不够认真，存有碰运气的侥幸心理。一些考生认为作文的好坏没有客观的标准，分数的高低取决于评阅人一时的好恶。这是对作文批阅的误解。这种心理反映在卷面上就是敷衍了事，不加思索，一挥而就。许多考生拿到作文题目以后没有认真审题、构思，而是提笔就写。在写作过程中也没有斟词酌句，严密地组织句子。在阅卷过程中发现许多考生字迹潦草，卷面凌乱，大小写、标点符号等都被一概忽略了。
大学英语四六级作文写作开头结尾常见结构
文章分为开头的起始段、中间的核心段和结尾的结束段，最常见是三个段落，也有四个段落和两个段落，但并不多见。文章最终的具体模样变化极大，但结构却较为固定。开头和结尾中间的核心部分大多时候是一个段落，也有的时候是两个段落。开头和结尾有可能与中间的核心部分融为一段，但前者的可能并不大，更不存在两者都融合的情形。开头总是引入主题的段落，所以不管是书信还是图表关系都不大(主要只影响第一个段落)，只要符合各自的情形即可。
四、六级写作(主要讲中间核心段落)最常见的有三种情况。
第一种情况就是对立观点(包括选择子类)的情况。这种情况主要有(AB——I——C)、(A——B——I)和(AB——AB——I)的写法(其中A和B表示对立的观点，I表示我，C表示结论。具体分析参见贡献写作心得之一)，其中每个文章都有开篇句，放在第一段的开头。这里若只有一句话，单独成段就不大可能。若有两句话或以上，就可单独成段，但这种情形并不多。
第二种情形是事物性质的情形(包括利弊子类)。开头一般单独成段。中间根据要求，有时利与弊都写，有时只写优点，有时只写问题或弊病。
第三种情形是提出问题——分析原因——提出解决办法的情形。这种情况的混合模板最多。注意根据具体情况第二段有可能略去，第三段可以非常简略。
上述包含了大部分的情形，但还不完全。让我们在纵向分析以后，来进行一下横向的分析。
开头：引入主题
中间A：
1)对立观点
2)利弊、优点或问题
3)分析原因(有时是分析必要性)
中间B：
1)自己的看法或做法(想想整体——个体的情形)
2)解决办法(或趋势展望)
结尾：结论
中间核心的部分B是可能没有的，或者用很简洁的话与结尾融在一起。也可能没有A有B，这种可能性很小。这样分析以后，绝大多数文章就包含进来了。但大家注意，这种模式没有覆盖纯粹的记叙文和描写文——这两种文章的记叙和描写的部分是没有模板的，只有靠大家分别依据时间和空间的线索去发挥了。
在这里我们举几个比较难的例子，先谈谈涉及自己(整体——个体)的情形：
My View on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements
1.现在有些不良的商业广告
2.这些广告的副作用和危害性
3.我对这些广告的态度
这是95年1月六级真题。写成三段。起始段可写成两句话，许多不良广告——危害巨大，注意这两句话可以合并成一句。第二段可以从三方面分析危害，首句要写好——其危害可以总结如下。第三段写态度，因为次段已写了危害，这段应该写解决办法。因为这篇文章有两个重要模块(即第二、第三段)，可以写得干净利索，只分两个方面。建议段内写成四句话，即总分总的结构，如下：
In my mind, the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end to these false advertisements.On the one hand, the government should punish the advertisers severely lest they harm the customers again.On the other hand, common citizens should report such harmful advertisements as soon as possible.Only by the joint efforts of the government and the common people can we do away with false advertisements.首句中in my mind这样的词组或句型不可少，扣提纲中的第三点和标题开头。次句和第三句力求平行、工整。最后一句采用only引起倒装句，效果强烈，此段中的呼应(coherence)达到极点，最后文章以false advertisements结尾来扣标题中心词。
Task:
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports(1993.1)
1.体育运动的好处
2.体育运动可能带来的副作用
3.我参加体育运动的体会
The Two-Day Weekend(1996.1)
1.双休日给大学生带来的好处
2.双休日可能给大学生带来的问题
3.我应当怎样过好双休日
这两篇文章要特别注意写好第三点，把自己的独到之处写出来。
四六级坚持八条英语写作原则
1.Organize your thoughts before writing:
brainstorm、make an outline、etc.下笔前整合思绪：脑力激荡，写出纲要等。
2.Write clearly.Be concise.Avoid wordiness.写作清晰，务必精简，避免赘言。
3.Use good grammar and write complete sentences.使用好的文法，写出完整句子。
4.Write simple sentences.Avoid a fancy style.尝试简单句，避免花俏的句法。
5.Avoid slang、cliche and informal words.避免俚语、陈腔滥调和非正式用字。
6.Avoid use of the first person(i.e.I/me/my)
unless necessary to specific piece.除非必要，避免使用第一人称：如“我/我的”。
7.Writing naturally.Read it aloud.Does it sound natural? Does it flow?
自然挥洒，大声朗诵。整篇文章听起来自然吗？通顺吗？
8.Move logically from one idea to the next.Don't skip steps.上下句意要合乎逻辑。别毫无章法乱跳。
四六级作文提分亮点词汇
考前最好能够把这些概念的表达准备好，首先是各种各样的人怎么表达，然后是各种各样的网络表达，地球、世界、电脑、校园、社会、中国、随着什么的发展、什么什么变得越来越重要、什么什么变得越来越普遍、人们对什么越来越重视、人们重视看中真爱珍惜某个东西、争抢竞争力、使某人具有优势、什么什么很重要、好学生、好影响、坏产品、坏学生、促进、提高、增强、改善，这些怎么表达。人: individual / character / folk / young adult / old adult / senior citizen / people in their late adulthood
网络: the net / the Internet / the web / the virtual world / the electronic world / the cyber world
地球: earth / the Planet earth / our Mother Planet / global village
电脑: the computer / the machine / the device
校园: the campus / the Ivory Tower / the relatively isolated place
社会: the society / the real world
中国: China / the Middle Kingdom / this ancient country
随着...的发展: As...evolves
...变的越来越重要..is becoming increasingly vital...变的越来越普遍..is becoming increasingly prevalent人们对...越来越重视 People have a growing respect for sth.人们重视/看中/珍爱某物 place a high value on sth.增强竞争力 sharpen one's edge使某人具有优势力 give sb.the edge...很重要 is vital / crucial / essential 起...重要作用 play a central role in观点类: 对...有好处...pays off / it pays to../ sth.is beneficial(rewarding)对...有坏处...have a negative impact on / do harm(damage)to sth.好 top / superior students / favorable impact / positive impression坏 poor / inferior quality / faulty goods / negative impression
促进/提高/增强/改善 give a boost to
写作建议
对一般同学来说平时不经常使用模板作文，但是到最后备考阶段如果作文不是太好的同学，可以适当背一些应急的模板，最好选择一套自己设计的，与众不同的模板，这些模板中的词汇、短语，句型总结是靠平时的积累。
关于作文的类型我想讲一下：四级跟校园话题更接近一点，比如我提供一些话题，供大家参考。如果考生能对这些话题写几篇作文的话就更好，比如“我的大学生活”、“我的寝室”、“我与同学的和谐相处”、“大学生之间问题的解决”、“对社会奉献爱心”、“网络语言与网络文明”、“黄金周旅游与生态保护”、“大学生应该接触社会”，或者写一些代表团或者社团活动的欢迎词，或者比如关于校园艺术界或者相关活动的广告词或者如何安排。总之四级考试应该是与大学生活非常接近的，相对来说应用文体和议论文体比较重要。
六级考试从角度来讲，也更加趋向于社会话题一点，比如上次考的拒绝职位的信，还有关于盗版的问题，从这个角度看，六级更加强调与社会更接近的话题应该更关注一点，比如刚才讲的网络文明这个话题或者说遵守 交通法规，比如说学生、老师都存在着的学术剽窃这个话题，现在人们获取的信息渠道不同等等。
另外，如果你的作文模板痕迹太严重的话，自己写的部分需要添加的部分与模板的语言差距太大错很多也会影响作文得分。
另外，你的卷面是不是很清晰，这也是影响得分的因素。
我经常谈一个观点，比如说我们在看14分或者11分高分阅卷的时候，也会用一些模板中的话，比如在我看来(in my opinion)之类的，因为总体来说语言、句型也不错，所以没有太大的影响。但是一般的学生拼写错误、用词错误很多，你还是普通的用词的话，比如(I think)，作文得分就危险了。大家考前多背一些重要的可以在文章当中替换的词，切忌避免使用一些大词和生僻的词。
六级文体重点大家复习图表作文和书信体，更加重要的是图表作文。因为图表作文好几
次没考了，同学们对如何描述图表作文不是很熟悉，所以大家在备考阶段把图表作文看一下。
六级考试有一个规律，不管考图表还是考议论文还是考书信，核心其实上也是议论文模式，这一点非常重要。
不太具有普遍性的问题，而且太热的问题也不会考，比如超女。
我们比较强调议论文考前能够结合模板，最好自己创立一个不一样的模板，不会显得太平庸，一般比如说有对比性观点的，比如第一句话就是(Some argue that)，其他人认为比如(Others see a different picture)，这个就非常形象了.自己稍微准备一个与这个不是很一样的东西，在考前一定要形成这些东西。
另外议论文的特征肯定是围绕某一个话题、某一个关键词讲的，在开始之前把你这个作文所写的关键词比如说电脑，电脑也可以用机器表达，也就是说这个关键词能够多想几个可能用来替换词的，这样相对来说就好一点。
第三篇：英语作文常见开头结尾结构
文章分为开头的起始段、中间的核心段和结尾的结束段，最常见是三个段落，也有四个段落和两个段落，但并不多见。文章最终的具体模样变化极大，但结构却较为固定。开头和结尾中间的核心部分大多时候是一个段落，也有的时候是两个段落。开头和结尾有可能与中间的核心部分融为一段，但前者的可能并不大，更不存在两者都融合的情形。开头总是引入主题的段落，所以不管是书信还是图表关系都不大(主要只影响第一个段落)，只要符合各自的情形即可。
四、六级写作(主要讲中间核心段落)最常见的有三种情况。第一种情况就是对立观点(包括选择子类)的情况。这种情况主要有(AB——I——C)、(A——B——I)和(AB——AB——I)的写法(其中A和B表示对立的观点，I表示我，C表示结论。具体分析参见贡献写作心得之一)，其中每个文章都有开篇句，放在第一段的开头。这里若只有一句话，单独成段就不
大可能。若有两句话或以上，就可单独成段，但这种情形并不多。
第二种情形是事物性质的情形(包括利弊子类)。开头一般单独成段。中间根据要求，有
时利与弊都写，有时只写优点，有时只写问题或弊病。
第三种情形是提出问题——分析原因——提出解决办法的情形。这种情况的混合模板最
多。注意根据具体情况第二段有可能略去，第三段可以非常简略。
上述包含了大部分的情形，但还不完全。让我们在纵向分析以后，来进行一下横向的分
析。
开头：引入主题
中间A：
1)对立观点
2)利弊、优点或问题
3)分析原因(有时是分析必要性)
中间B：
1)自己的看法或做法(想想整体——个体的情形)
2)解决办法(或趋势展望)
结尾：结论
中间核心的部分B是可能没有的，或者用很简洁的话与结尾融在一起。也可能没有A有B，这种可能性很小。这样分析以后，绝大多数文章就包含进来了。但大家注意，这种模式没有覆盖纯粹的记叙文和描写文——这两种文章的记叙和描写的部分是没有模板的，只有
靠大家分别依据时间和空间的线索去发挥了。
在这里我们举几个比较难的例子，先谈谈涉及自己(整体——个体)的情形：
My View on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements
1.现在有些不良的商业广告
2.这些广告的副作用和危害性
3.我对这些广告的态度
这是95年1月六级真题。写成三段。起始段可写成两句话，许多不良广告——危害巨大，注意这两句话可以合并成一句。第二段可以从三方面分析危害，首句要写好——其危害可以总结如下。第三段写态度，因为次段已写了危害，这段应该写解决办法。因为这篇文章
有两个重要模块(即第二、第三段)，可以写得干净利索，只分两个方面。建议段内写成四句
话，即总分总的结构，如下：
In my mind, the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end to these false advertisements.On the one hand, the government should punish the advertisers severely lest they harm the customers again.On the other hand, common citizens should report such harmful advertisements as soon as possible.Only by the joint efforts of the government and the common people can we do away wit
h false advertisements.首句中in my mind这样的词组或句型不可少，扣提纲中的第三点和标题开头。次句和第三句力求平行、工整。最后一句采用only引起倒装句，效果强烈，此段中的呼应(coher
ence)达到极点，最后文章以false advertisements结尾来扣标题中心词。
Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports(1993.1)
1.体育运动的好处
2.体育运动可能带来的副作用
3.我参加体育运动的体会
The Two-Day Weekend(1996.1)
1.双休日给大学生带来的好处
2.双休日可能给大学生带来的问题
3.我应当怎样过好双休日
这两篇文章要特别注意写好第三点，把自己的独到之处写出来。
（一）段首句
1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions among people as to ____.Some people suggest that ____.2.俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying______.Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.3.现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……；更为糟糕的是……。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life.First, ____ Second,____.What makes things worse is that______.4.现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。
Nowadays, it is common to ______.Many people like ______ because ______.Besides，______.5.任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.6.关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，……
People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person.Some people say that ______.To them,_____.7.人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.8.……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。
______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.9.……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.It has 的 brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.10.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢？
According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______while.Obviously, ______, but why?
（二）段落中间句
1.相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。
On the contrary, there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time, they say____.2.但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
But I dont think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of的all，___.3.……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
______is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction.的First，______.Whats more, _____.Most important of all,______.4.有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。
There are several measures for us to adopt.First, we can______
5.面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面，Confronted with______, we should take a series of effective measures to______.For one thing，______For another, ______
6.早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。
It is high time that something was done about it.For example._____.In addition.的_____.All these measures will certainly______.7.为什么……？第一个原因是……；第二个原因是……；第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……
Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is的______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______.8.然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，像……。However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own的disadvantages, such as ______.9.尽管如此，我相信……更有利。
Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.10.完全同意……这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下：
I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.
第四篇：四六级写作开头结尾好句
一、用于驳性和比较性论文
1.In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water.2.Wonderful as A is , however, it has its own disadvantages too.3.The advantages of B are much greater than A..A’s advantage overweigh disadvantages
二、用于解释性和阐述性论说文
1.Everybody knows that…
2.It can be easily proved that…
3.No one can deny that
4.One thing which is equally important to the above mentioned is…
5.The chief reason is that…
6.There is on doubt that…
7.To take …for an example…
8.There are several causes for this significant growth in…,first …,second …,finally…
9.A number of factors could account for the development in…
10.Somebody believes/argues/holds/insists/thinks that…
11.Different people observes it in different ways.英语四六级作文开头、结尾套句总结
Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.Nowadays,(overpopulation)has become a problem we have to face.如今,(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了.It is commonly believed that… / It is a common belief that…
人们一般认为…
Many people insist that… 很多人坚持认为…
With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that … 随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为…
A lot of people seem to think that… 很多人似乎认为…
结尾
Taking all these factors into consideration/account, we naturally come to the conclusion that… 把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论…
Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that…
因此,我们最好得出这样的结论…
There is no doubt that(job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.All in all, we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.总之,我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.引出不同观点:
People’s views on… vary from person to person.Some hold that….However, others believe that….人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为…..然而其他人却认为．．．
People may have different opinions on…
人们对…可能会有不同的见解.Attitudes towards(drugs)vary from person to person.人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异.There are different opinions among people as to…
关于….人们的观点大不相同.Different people hold different attitudes toward(failure).对(失败)人们的态度各不相同.提出建议:
It is high time that we put an end to the(trend).该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了.It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of …
该是采纳…的建议,并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了.Obviously,….If we want to do something… , it is essential that…显然,如果我们想做某事,很重要的是…
Only in this way can we…只有这样,我们才能…
It must be realized that…我们必须意识到…
预示后果:
Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that… will lead us in danger.很明显,如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险.No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that…毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,很可能会…
It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.很紧迫的是,应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展.论证
From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.I cannot entirely agree with the idea that… 我无法完全同意这一观点….Personally, I am standing on the side of …就个人而言, 我站在…的一边.I sincerely believe that… 我真诚地相信…
In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do….在我个人看来,做…比做…更明智.Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why…
给出原因:
This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.First, … Second, … Third, …
Why did… ? For one thing… For another….Perhaps the primary reason is…
I quite agree with the statement that… the reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述,即…,其主要原因如下
列出解决办法:
Here are some suggestions for handling…
这是如何处理某事的一些建议.The best way to solve the troubles is…
解决这些麻烦的最好办法是…
People have figured out many ways to solve this problem.人们已找出许多办法来解决这个问题.批判错误观点和做法:
As far as something is concerned, ….就某事而言,…
It was obvious that…很显然,….It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that…
可能…是对的,但这并不意味着…
It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore that…认为….是很自然的,但我们不应忽视….There is no evidence to suggest that… 没有证据表明…
文章结尾应注意一下几点：
结论性---------通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点.[1].From what has been discussed above，we may safely drawthe conclusion that ……
[2].In summary/In a word，it is more valuable ……
后果性------揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.[1].We must call for an immediate method，because the current phenomenon of ……，if allowed to proceed，will surely lead to the heavy cost of ……
[2].Obviously，if we ignore/are blind tothe problem，there is every chance that …… will be put in danger.号召性--------呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.[1].It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendency of ……
[2].It is essential that effective measures should be taken tocorrect the tendency.建议性--------对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法.[1].While it cannot be solved immediately，still there areways.Themost popular is …… Another method is …… Still another one is ……
[2].Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward thesituation.方向性的结尾方式----其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.[1].Many solutions are being offered here，all of them make somesense，but none is adequate enough.The problem should be recognized in awide way.[2].There is no quick method to the issue of ……，but …… might behelpful/beneficial.[3].The great challenge today is …… There is much difficulty，but ……
意义性的结尾方式--------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!
[1].Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success，butthe pay off might be worth the effort.It will not only benefit but alsobenefit ……
[2].In any case，whether it is positive or negative，one thing iscertain that it will undoubtedly ……
第五篇：英语四六级作文万能开头结尾1
英语四六级作文万能开头结尾
开头万能公式
1． 开头万能公式一：名人名言
有人问了，“我没有记住名言，怎么办？尤其是英语名言？”，很好办：编！原理：我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的，包括我们欣赏的文章也是，所以尽管编，但是一定要听起来很有道理呦！而且没准将来我们就是名人呢！对吧？经典句型：
A proberb says, “ You are only young once.”（适用于已记住的名言）It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever.（适用于自编名言）
更多经典句型：
As everyone knows, No one can deny that…
2． 开头万能公式二：数字统计
原理：要想更有说服力，就应该用实际的数字来说明。
原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的，可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一，但编无妨，只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型：According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.看起来这个数字文邹邹的，其实都是编造出来的，下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造：
Honesty：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。
Travel by Bike：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。
Youth：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，在某个大学，学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。
Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?：根据最近的一项统计调查显示，98%的人同意每周五天工作日。
更多句型：
A recent statistics shows that …
结尾万能公式
1． 结尾万能公式一：如此结论
说完了，毕竟要归纳一番，相信各位都有这样的经历，领导长篇大论，到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话，我们马上停止开小差，等待领导说结束语。也就是说，开头很好，也必然要有一个精彩的结尾，让读者眼前一亮，这样，你就可以拿高分了！比如下面的例子：
Obviously（此为过渡短语）, we can draw the conclusion
that good manners arise from politeness and respect for
others.如果读者很难“显而见之”，但说无妨，就当读者的眼光太浅罢了！
更多过渡短语：
to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this,thus
更多句型：
Thus, it can be concluded that…, Therefore, we can
find that…
2． 结尾万能公式二：如此建议
如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话，那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了，因为这里虽然也是废话，但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽！Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures
to solve the problem.这里的虚拟语气用得很经典，因为考官本来经常考这个句型，而如果我们自己写出来，你说考官会怎么想呢？
更多句型：
Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures
should be taken.
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