第一篇:七年级英语上册_名词变复数的规则及习题
名词变复数
名词变复数规则变化及发音:
1、绝大多数的可数名词在词尾加上s ; eg:book→books;desk→desks;pen→pens;car→cars
s遇t读浊辅音[ts],遇d读清辅音[dz] eg:friend→friends;cat→cats;
2.、以s、x、ch、sh结尾的单词,在该词末尾加上-es;读音规则:读[iz]; eg:bus→buses;box→boxes;watch→watchches;dish→dishes
3、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,要把y变为i,再加-es;读音规则:读[z]。
eg:fly→flies;baby→babies;元音字母加y结尾的单词直接加s;eg:toy→toys;boy→boys;
4、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,要将-f或-fe变为-v,再加es;读音规则:读[vz];
eg:knife→knives;leaf→leaves;
5、以-o结尾的名词,初级阶段只有三个单词要加-es,其余都加-s;读音规则:读[z]。
eg:tomato→tomatoes西红柿;potato→potatoes土豆;hero→heroes英雄;Negro—Negroes
口诀:“黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿”
其余eg:zoo→zoos;hippo→hippos; 名词变复数不规则变化:
1.单词内部发生变化:口诀―oo常常变ee,男人女人a变e‖
eg:foot→feet脚;tooth→teeth牙齿;man→men男人;woman→women女人; 2.单复数相同:―羊鱼小鹿无变化,单数复数是一家‖ eg:sheep→sheep绵羊;fish→fish鱼;deer→deer鹿;
3.不规则变化:child→children孩子;mouse→mice老鼠;German→Germans德国人; 4―某国人‖的复数有三种类型: 口诀“中日不变,英法变,其它S加后边”(1)Chinese, Japanese单数复数同形,不需加s;
(2)Englishman, Frenchman, Dutchman复数要把 man 变为men;
(3)其他各国人以–an,-ian收尾的均直接加s。如:Americans, Australians, 二.不可数名词:
⒈不可数名词概念:不可以数的名词叫做不可数名词。包括物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质)和抽象名词(表示抽象概念的词)。⒉不可数名词特点:
⑴不可数名词没有复数形式,也不能与a, an及数词连用,常作单数看待。例: water
There’s some water in the bottle.food
My favourite food is noodles.⑵不可数名词如表数量,常和a bottle of, a glass of等名词词组连用。如表示复数,只把量词改为复数。例:a bottle of pop一瓶汽水 , two glasses of orange juice 两杯桔子汁,three cups of tea 三杯茶,a piece of paper一张纸
⑶有些物质名词有时可数,有时不可数,要根据上下文决定,其意义也有所不同。
A glass is made of glass.玻璃杯是玻璃制成的。(玻璃杯可数,玻璃不可数。)
I bought a melon yesterday.I want to eat some melon.特殊名词的讲解:
⑴people 作“人们,人民”解时,只有复数形式,谓语动词作复数。作“民族”解时,单复数不同,复数要在词尾加s。There are five people in my family.我家有五口人。
There are fifty-six peoples in our country.我们国家有56个民族。⑵clothes,pyjamas等属于无单数形式的复数名词,谓语作复数。例:My favourite clothes are pants.These pyjamas are too small.⑶ pants , shoes , glasses ,shorts,scissors等名词,由两部分构成,常以复数形式出现,谓语动词要用复数。要表示单数常用a pair of表示,此时如作主语,谓语要作单数看待。例:Your pants are blue.This pair of pants is mine.⑷集体名词看作整体时,谓语用单数;指成员时,谓语用复数。
用心
爱心
专心
His family is a large family.His family like animals.指整体
指成员 ⑸有的名词单复数意思不同:
例:hair 和fruit 通常作单数,表示总体。My hair is black.我的头发是黑色的。
I like fruit.It’s good for you.我喜欢水果,水果对你的身体有好处。但如果表示若干根头发或各种水果,则需用复数形式.Danny has three hairs.丹尼有三根头发。
She likes pears, peaches and other fruits.他喜欢梨,桃和其它水果。Ⅰ.写出下列单词的复数形式:
fish-
boy-
watch-
knife-
leaf-
wife-
baby-
family-
man-
woman-
child-
tooth-
goose-
mouse-
sheep-
peach-
picture-
Chinese-
he-
his-
I-
this-
is-
it-
that-Ⅱ.将下列句子改为复数句子: 1.He is looking after the baby.____________________________ 2.It’s a big heavy box.__________________________________ 3.This picture is nice.____________________________________ 4.She is a beautiful woman._______________________________ 5.I’m a good child.___________________________________ 6.That’s a delicious peach._________________________________ Ⅲ.将下列句子改为单数句子:
1.These are red coats.________________________________________ 2.Who’re the boys? They’re my students.____________________________ 3.They’re women workers here._____________________________________ 4.Are they playing basketball now? Yes, they are____________________ 5.What are they? They are buses.________________________________ 6.Those are beautiful flowers._____________________________________ 7.We have many old pictures.____________________________________ Ⅳ.划出下列单词中的不可数名词: meat
pop shirt
food knife snow water ice tea orange truck car milk
noodles
eraser clothes Ⅵ.翻译下列词组:
一瓶汽水
一杯茶
一副眼镜
两杯桔子汁
六瓶水
用心
爱心
专心 jam
ear bread 2
第二篇:英语名词变复数口诀
可数名词的复数变化规律[1]:
名词复数有规律,一般词尾加s;辅音字母+y型,变y为i,es;
ch,sh真有趣,s,x,es;f,fe真小气,字母v来把它替,es在后别忘记;
字母o来真神奇,番茄土豆英雄来es,钢琴照片收音机+s.番茄(tomato)土豆(potato)英雄(hero)钢琴(piano)照片(photo)收音机(radio)
可数名词复数特殊变化规律[2]:
中日好友来聚会,绵羊、鹿、鱼把家回。
男士、女士a变e;
牙(齿)、脚双o变双e;
孩子们想去天安门,原形后面r、e、n;
老鼠本来爱大米,mice,ice和rice.注:中Chinese,日Japanese,好友people.绵羊sheep,鹿deer,鱼fish(这些单词单复数一样)
man--men woman—women tooth--teeth foot—feet child--children mouse--mice 记住f(e)结尾的名词复数
妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌;
躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光
九个以-f(e)结尾的名词。wife(妻子)、knife(刀子)、wolf(狼)、thief(小偷)、shelf(架子)、self(自己)、life(生命)、half(一半)、leaf(树叶)
这些名词以-f(e)结尾变复数时,将-f(e)变v再加es。还有以-self结尾的反身代词复数用法也同样,如: myself-ourselves.yourself-yourselves.例外的有serf(农奴)、chief(首领)、belief(信仰)、safe(保险柜)、gulf(海湾),它们以直接加-s变为复数形式,另外handkerchief可用两种复数形式。handkerchiefs或handkerchieves.
第三篇:英语名词单数变复数
英语中名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词在应用时有单数和复数形式,表示一个用单数,表示两个或两个以上用复数。复数名词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化。
一、名词单数变复数的规则变化 1.一般在名词词尾加“-s” map—maps地图bird—birds鸟
orange—oranges 桔子bike—bikes自行车 2.以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加“-es” box—boxes盒子class—classes班级
watch—watches手表dish-dishes盘,碟子,餐具 3.以o结尾的无生命的名词后面加“-s” photo—photos相片radio—radios收音机 zoo—zoos动物园
以o结尾的有生命的名词后面加“-es”
tomato—tomatoes西红柿potato—potatoes土豆 hero—heroes英雄negro—negroes黑人 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“-es” baby—babies婴儿family—families家庭 以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加“-s” boy—boys男孩toy—toys 玩具
5.以fe或f结尾的名词,把fe或f变为v加“-es” knife—knives小刀wife—wives妻子 leaf—leaves树叶
二、名词单数变复数的不规则变化
1.child—childrenfoot—feettooth—teeth mouse—miceman—menwoman—women 注意:与man和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men和-women,例如:anEnglishman—two Englishmen 但German不是合成词,故复数形式为Germans;Bowman是姓,其复数是the Bowmans(鲍曼一家)。
2.单复数同形的名词
例如:deer鹿,sheep绵羊,fish鱼,Chinese中国人,Japanese日本人
注意:除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。例如: a dollar—two dollars 3.集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。
例如: people人,police警察,cattle牛等本身就是复数,不能说 a people,a police,a cattle,但可以说 a person,a policeman,a head of cattle the English,the British,the French,the Chinese,the Japanese等名词,表示国民总称时,作复数用,例如:
The Chinese are hard-working and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
三、以s结尾,仍为单数的名词 1.maths数学,politics政治(学),physics物理学等学科名词,为不可数名词,是单数。
2.news消息、新闻,为不可数名词。
3.the United States美国,the United Nations联合国,应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945.联合国是1945年组建起来的。
4.以复数形式出现的书名,剧名,报纸,杂志名,也视为单数。“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。注意:
1.表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses(眼镜)trousers,clothes若表达具体数目,要借助数量词 pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers 2.还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,如:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
第四篇:英语名词单数变复数及练习
英语名词单数变复数的规则
一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。读音变化:结尾是清辅音读[s],结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。
例:friend→friends;cat→cats;style→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces
二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。读音变化:统一加读[iz]。
例:bus→buses;quiz→quizzes;fox→foxes;match→matches;flash→flashes
三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。读音变化:加读[z]。
例:candy→candies;daisy→daisies;fairy→fairies;lady→ladies;story→stories
四、以-o结尾的名词,如果不是外来词或缩写,就加-es,否则加-s构成复数。读音变化:加读[z]。
例:tomato→tomatoes;potato→potatoes;torpedo→torpedoes;bingo→bingoes 反例:silo→silos;piano→pianos(外来词);photo→photos;macro→macros(缩写词)
五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves,但有例外。读音变化:尾音[f]改读[vz]。
例:knife→knives;life→lives;leaf→leaves;staff→staves;scarf→scarves 反例:roof→roofs
六、以-us结尾的名词(多为外来词),通常将-us改变为-i构成复数。
读音变化:尾音[Es]改读[ai],其中[kEs]要改读为[sai],[gEs]要改读为[dVai]。例:fungus→fungi;abacus→abaci;focus→foci;cactus→cacti;cestus→cesti
七、以-is结尾的名词,通常将-is改变为-es。读音变化:尾音[is]改读[i:z]。
例:axis→axes;basis→bases;naris→nares;hypothesis→hypotheses;restis→restes
八、以-ix结尾的名词,通常将-ix改变为-ices,但有例外。读音变化:尾音[iks]改读[isi:z]。
例:matrix→matrices;directrix→directrices;calix→calices;appendix→appendices 反例:affix→affixes
九、以-um结尾的名词,将-um改变为-a。读音变化:去掉鼻尾音。
例:forum→fora;stadium→stadia;aquarium→aquaria;datum→data;vacuum→vacua
十、以-a结尾的名词,在该词末尾加上后辍-e。读音变化:尾音[E]改读[i:]。
例:larva→larvae;formula→formulae;ala→alae;media→mediae;hydra→hydrae
十一、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化:保持原音。
例:fish→fish;sheep→sheep;cattle→cattle;deer→deer;salmon→salmon
十二、极少数单词,其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化:没有规律。
例:man→men;woman→women;child→children;person→people;ox→oxen 十三、一些单数词得加en才能变成复数词: 例:ox→oxen;child→children;brother→brethren 十四、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词
例:analysis→analyses分析;basis→bases基础;datum→data数据;foot→feet;formula→formulae/formulas公式;goose→geese;louse→lice虱子;man→men mouse→mice;medium→media/mediums媒介;memorandum→memoranda/memorandums备忘录;parenthesis→parentheses 圆括号;phenomenon→phenomena现象;radius→radii 半径 tooth→teeth;woman→women
十五、有些名词是单数、复数不分的
例:deer;fish;cannon;sheep;salmon 鲑鱼;trout 鳟鱼 十六、一些名词虽分单数、复数,但出现次数多的总是单数词
例:abscence;clothing;film;help;furniture家具;machinery机械;news;scenery风景;sugar;traffic交通
十七、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多
例:bellows风箱;clothes;police;shorts短裤;scissors剪刀;spectacles眼镜;shears大剪刀 trousers长裤;wages工资
十八、compound nouns,这类复数词是以主要的名词来表示
例:daughter-in-law→daughters-in-law 媳妇;father-in-law→fathers-in-law岳父 man-of-war→men-of-war兵舰;maid-servant→maid-servants step-son→step-sons晚子;son-in-law→sons-in-law
十九、若表达具体数目,要借助数量词
例:pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers
二十、另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,例:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
二十一、除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。例:a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters 以O结尾的词,许多加es构成复数,特别是一些常用词如:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes
但下面几类词只加s:1.以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾的词如:videos,radios,studios,folios,oratorios,embryos,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos,taboos
2.一些外来词,特别是音乐方面的词,如:pianos,solos,concertos,tobaccos,mottos,cellos 3.一些缩写词和专有名词,如:kilos,photos,memos,micros,Eskimos,Filipnos 有个别词加两种词尾都可以,如:archipelago(e)s,halo(e)s,cargoes(英),cargos(美)
名词由单数变成复数的练习
写出下列名词复数
leaf______ puppy_______ box_______ knife_______ fly______ fox______ bus______ bench_____ brush_____ kiss______ church______ dish_____ ruler______ peach________ glass_____ pencil________ boy______ zoo______ man______ roof_______ sheep_______ knife______ lady______ key______ story______ watch______ bamboo______ city______ family______ day_____ apple_______ eraser______ speech______ thief______ mouse______ fish_____ goose____ people ______ ox_____ Chinese _______ deer _______ foot______ child_______ tooth_______ guy________ hero_______ spy______ boss_____ monkey______ city ______ goat ______ radio ________ horse ______ dog ______ 用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空:
1>There are so many________(wolf)in the forest.2>There are three ______(chair)in the classroom.3>These _______(tomato)are red.4>______(hero)are great.5>My brother looks after two ______(baby)6>There are some ______(deer)eating the grass.7>My father likes to eat _______(potato).8>Chinese ______(people)like to eat noodles.9>I have a lot of ______(toy)in my bedroom.10>I help my mother wash ______(dish)in the kitchen.11>I have two ______(pencil-box).12>There are some ______(bus)in the street.13>Peter has eight _____(foot).14>Linda has three _______(tooth).15>There are some ______(child)in the garden.16>Michael likes the ______(mouse).17>There are some ______(goose)in the river.18>My uncle and father are _____(man).19>Tom and King are _____(boy).20>Linda has three ______(tooth).选出正确形式
1.I can see three ________ in the zoo.A monkeys
B monkeys
C monkey 2.The pig has four ______.A.foot
B.feet C.foots 3.My two brothers are both ______.A.policeman
B.policemans
C.policemen 4.There are four ___________ in the class.A.Japanese
B.Japaneses
C.Japan 5.I can see ten _____ in the picture.A.sheep
B.dog C.pig 6.The _____ has three______.A.boys, watches
B.boy, watch
C.boy, watches 7.C an you see _______on the plate? A.bread B.breads C.breades 8.The girl often brushes her_____ before she goes to bed.A.tooth B.tooths C.teeth 9.Mr Black often drink some _________.A.milk B.milks C.milkes 10.There are some _____ on the floor.A.child B.water C.books 11._______ will learn English.A.Woman
B.Women C.Man 12.Lucy will show us some new ____ of hers.A.photo B.photos C.photoes 13.I drank two ______.A.bottles of orange B.bottle of orange C.bottles of oranges 14.The cat eats two ______ last night.A.mouses B.mice C.mouse 15.I need a pen and some _____.A.books B.desk C.chair 16 Jim was late for two classes this morning.He said that he forgot both of the ______.A.rooms number
B.Room number C.Room’s number D.Room numbers 17.The newly-built library is a ______ building.A.five-storey
B.five storeys
C.five-storey’s
D.five storeys’ 18.---Whose umbrella is it?
---It’s _______.A.somebody else’s
B.Somebody else C.Somebody’s else’s
D.Somebody’s else 19.I feel terribly hot, What’s the _____?
A.temperature of room
B.Room’s temperature
C.Room temperature
D.Temperature of room’s
20._______ will make a trip around the world during the coming Christmas.A.The Evens B.The Evens’ C.The Evenses D.The Evenses’ 21.The girl talking to Mary is a friend of ________.A.Mary’s sister B.Mary sister’s C.Mary’s sister’s D.sister of Mary’s 22.The woman over there is ______ mother.A.Julia and Shelley’s B.Julia’s and Shelley’s
B.C.Julia and Shelley
D.Julia’s and Shelley 23.He is very tired.He needs ______.A.a night rest B.a rest night C.a night’s rest D.a rest of night
24.---Excuse me,where are _______ offices?
---Over there. A. teacher’s B. teachers’ C. the teacher’s D. the teachers’
25. Today is September 10th.It’s_____ Day.Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teachers.A.Teacher B.Teachers’
C.the Teachers’ D.Teacher’s
第五篇:英语名词单数变复数规则
英语名词单数变复数的规则
一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。读音变化:结尾是清辅音读[s],结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。
例:friend→friends;cat→cats;style→styles;sport→sports;piece→pieces
二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。读音变化:统一加读[iz]。
例:bus→buses;quiz→quizzes;fox→foxes;match→matches;flash→flashes
三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。读音变化:加读[z]。
例:candy→candies;daisy→daisies;fairy→fairies;lady→ladies;story→stories
四、以-o结尾的名词,如果不是外来词或缩写,就加-es,否则加-s构成复数。读音变化:加读[z]。
例:tomato→tomatoes;potato→potatoes;torpedo→torpedoes;bingo→bingoes 反例:silo→silos;piano→pianos(外来词);photo→photos;macro→macros(缩写词)
五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves,但有例外。读音变化:尾音[f]改读[vz]。
例:knife→knives;life→lives;leaf→leaves;staff→staves;scarf→scarves 反例:roof→roofs
六、以-us结尾的名词(多为外来词),通常将-us改变为-i构成复数。
读音变化:尾音[Es]改读[ai],其中[kEs]要改读为[sai],[gEs]要改读为[dVai]。例:fungus→fungi;abacus→abaci;focus→foci;cactus→cacti;cestus→cesti
七、以-is结尾的名词,通常将-is改变为-es。读音变化:尾音[is]改读[i:z]。
例:axis→axes;basis→bases;naris→nares;hypothesis→hypotheses;restis→restes
八、以-ix结尾的名词,通常将-ix改变为-ices,但有例外。读音变化:尾音[iks]改读[isi:z]。
例:matrix→matrices;directrix→directrices;calix→calices;appendix→appendices 反例:affix→affixes
九、以-um结尾的名词,将-um改变为-a。读音变化:去掉鼻尾音。
例:forum→fora;stadium→stadia;aquarium→aquaria;datum→data;vacuum→vacua
十、以-a结尾的名词,在该词末尾加上后辍-e。读音变化:尾音[E]改读[i:]。
例:larva→larvae;formula→formulae;ala→alae;media→mediae;hydra→hydrae
十一、部分单词的复数形式不变。读音变化:保持原音。
例:fish→fish;sheep→sheep;cattle→cattle;deer→deer;salmon→salmon
十二、极少数单词,其复数形式没有任何规律。读音变化:没有规律。
例:man→men;woman→women;child→children;person→people;ox→oxen 十三、一些单数词得加en才能变成复数词: 例:ox→oxen;child→children;brother→brethren 十四、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词
例:analysis→analyses分析;basis→bases基础;datum→data数据;foot→feet;formula→formulae/formulas公式;goose→geese;louse→lice虱子;man→men mouse→mice;medium→media/mediums媒介;memorandum→memoranda/memorandums备忘录;parenthesis→parentheses 圆括号;phenomenon→phenomena现象;radius→radii 半径 tooth→teeth;woman→women
十五、有些名词是单数、复数不分的
例:deer;fish;cannon;sheep;salmon 鲑鱼;trout 鳟鱼 十六、一些名词虽分单数、复数,但出现次数多的总是单数词
例:abscence;clothing;film;help;furniture家具;machinery机械;news;scenery风景;sugar;traffic交通
十七、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多
例:bellows风箱;clothes;police;shorts短裤;scissors剪刀;spectacles眼镜;shears大剪刀 trousers长裤;wages工资
十八、compound nouns,这类复数词是以主要的名词来表示
例:daughter-in-law→daughters-in-law 媳妇;father-in-law→fathers-in-law岳父 man-of-war→men-of-war兵舰;maid-servant→maid-servants step-son→step-sons晚子;son-in-law→sons-in-law
十九、若表达具体数目,要借助数量词
例:pair(对,双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers
二十、另外还有一些名词,其复数形式有时可表示特别意思,例:goods货物,waters水域,fishes(各种)鱼
二十一、除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。例:a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters 以O结尾的词,许多加es构成复数,特别是一些常用词如:heroes,potatoes,tomatoes,echoes,tornadoes,torpedoes,dominoes,vetoes,mosquitoes,Negroes,mangoes,buffaloes,volcanoes
但下面几类词只加s:1.以“元音+o”或“oo”结尾的词如:videos,radios,studios,folios,oratorios,embryos,zoos,bamboos,kangaroos,taboos
2.一些外来词,特别是音乐方面的词,如:pianos,solos,concertos,tobaccos,mottos,cellos 3.一些缩写词和专有名词,如:kilos,photos,memos,micros,Eskimos,Filipnos 有个别词加两种词尾都可以,如:archipelago(e)s,halo(e)s,cargoes(英),cargos(美)