第一篇:撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段(双语文本)
撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段(双语文本)
英国前首相撒切尔夫人国会辩论现场,在议会辩论中,撒切尔夫人猛烈抨击工党的新税制,认为新税制不单是大步奔向社会主义,更是通往共产主义之路,从而奠定了她强而有力的议会辩手的名声。铁娘子最经典的“No,No,No!”把工党杀得体无完肤。面对质疑和不满,撒切尔夫人强有力的应对,不失夫人本色,也不忘适度“发飙”。
On economic and monetary union, I stressed that we would be ready to move beyond the present position to the creation of a European monetary fund and a common community currency which we have called a hard ECU.But we would not be prepared to agree to set a date for starting the next stage of economic and monetary union before there is any agreement on what that stage should comprise.And I again emphasised that we would not be prepared to have a single currency imposed upon us, nor to surrender the use of the pound sterling as our currency.关于经济和货币联盟,我强调过我们需要做好准备,跨越目前的处境,来建立一个欧洲货币基金和共同的通用货币,也就是我们所说的欧洲货币单位。但在开始为下一阶段的经济和货币联盟登上舞台做好准备之前,我们并不会为这个协议的实现设定一个日期。我再次强调,我们不愿被逼使用统一货币,也不会屈服于把英镑作为我们的使用货币的做法。
It is our purpose to retain the power and influence of this House, and not to denude it of many of the powers.I wonder what the right honourable gentleman's policy is, in view of some of the things he said.Would he have agreed to a commitment to extend the Community's powers to other supplementary sectors of economic integrations without having any definition of what they are? Would he? Because you would've thought he would from what he said.One of them was that the Commission wants to extend its powers and competence into the area of health.We said no.We weren't going to agree to those since on what he says, he sounded as if he would, for the sake of agreeing, for the sake of being little sir echo, and saying, “Me too.” 我们的目的就是保留政府的权利以及影响,而不是剥夺他们的权利。鉴于刚刚你所说的事情,这位正直尊贵的绅士,我想知道你的政策是什么?在没有任何明确定义的情况下,他会同意扩大联盟的权力来补充其他行业没有的经济融合吗?他会吗?你们会认为他会说到做到。其中之一是,欧盟委员会希望将权力和能力扩展至医疗健康领域。我们不赞成,我们并不打算同意他所说的一切,他听起来似乎是会这样做,仅仅是为了一种妥协而已,或者是一种绅士的态度,所以他会说 “我也会。”
Would the he have agreed to extending qualified majority of voting within the Council, to delegating implementing powers to the Commission, to a common security policy, all without any attempt to define or limit them? The answer is yes.He hasn't got a clue about the definition of some of the things he is saying, let alone securing a definition of others.在没有任何限制和定义的情况下,他会同意理事会扩大合格的多数投票来将权力委托给委员会或制定一个常见的安全政策,吗?答案是肯定的。他还搞不清楚的他所定义的一些事情,更别提关于其他的定义了。
Yes, the Commission does want to increase its powers.Yes, it is a non-elected body and I do not want the Commission to increase its powers against its House.So of course we are differing.Of course the chairman or the president of the Commission, Mr.Delors, said at a press conference the other day that he wanted the European Parliament to be the democratic body of the Community, he wanted the Commission to be the executive and he wanted the Council of Ministers to be the Senate.No.No.No.的确,委员会并不想要增加它的权利。是的,这是一个非选举产生的主体,我并不希望委员会增加权利来对抗政府。所以我们当然在改变。Delors先生作为委员会的主席或总统,在新闻发布会上说有一天他希望欧洲议会是一个民主机构,他希望委员会执行力能更强,他希望内阁会议由参议院指出,但这些都没能实现。
Or, or perhaps the Labour Party would give all those things up easily.Perhaps they would agree to a single currency to total abolition of the pound sterling.Perhaps being totally incompetent with monetary matters, they'd be only too delighted to hand over the full responsibility as they did to the IMF, to a central bank.The fact is, they have no competence on money, no competence on the economy, so, yes, the right honourable gentleman would be glad to hand it all over.And what is the point in trying to get elected to Parliament only to hand over your sterling and to hand over the powers of this House to Europe? 也许工党会将所有这些事情变得很容易。也许他们会同意用一个单一货币来废除英镑。也许这完全算不上是货币问题,他们会非常高兴地将所有责任转交给中央银行。事实是,他们在货币政策上无所作为,在经济发展上同样一事无成,所以这位正直尊贵的绅士很愿意完全交出责任。那么你们在议会中获选,仅仅是为了将手中的金钱和权利移交给欧洲政府吗?
Norman Tebbit:My right honourable friend not agree that the mark of a single currency is that all other currencies must be extinguished.And not nearly extinguished, but that the capacity of other institutions to issue currency has to be extinguished.And that in the case of the United Kingdom, would involve this parliament binding its successors in a way which we have hitherto regarded as unconstitutional.Norman Tebbit: 我亲爱的朋友并不认为单一货币是其他货币必须消失的标志。或者并不是消失,而是其他部门对金钱的控制力应该消除。在英国的情况来说,应该让议会将其继承者和我们认为的非宪法行为结合起来。
This government has no intention of abolishing the pound sterling.If the hard ECU evolved into much much greater use, that would be a decision for future parliaments and future generations.It would be a decision which could only be taken once, and a decision which should not be approached in this atmosphere, but only after the greatest possible consideration.I believe both Parliament and sterling have served our country and the rest of the world very well.I believe we are more stable and more influential with it, I believe it is an expression of sovereignty.This Government believe in the pound sterling.政府并不打算废除英镑。如果欧元的能力越来越强大,也许该由未来的议会和下一代来做出决定。这个决定只能做一次,但并不是现在,需要在进行过非常谨慎的思考之后。我相信议会和英镑为我们的国家以及其他国家服务得非常好。政府相信英镑。
Dr.David Owen: Is it not perfectly clear that what was being attempted at Rome was a bounce and a bounce that led only one way, and that was to a single federal united states of Europe? And is it not vital that in this House, across party lines, it is possible for a prime minister to go and make it clear, if necessary, that Britain is prepared to stand alone? We don's relish it, but that if necessary, if we are faced by the imposition, by treaty of an obligation to a single currency and a situation which would prevent enlargement to Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia, Britain would be entitled and right to use the veto? Dr.David Owen:我们现在还不是很清楚,罗马经济是否在反弹,经济反弹又会给这个联邦制的欧洲合众国造成怎样的影响?并不是至关重要的,在这政府里,跨越党派界线,就有可能靠一个首相去弄清楚,如果有必要,英国正在准备孤军奋战?我们不喜欢它,但是,如果有必要,如果我们面临的实施,通过条约的义务统一的货币和情况来防止欧盟东扩至波兰、匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐克,英国将拥有和有权使用否决权吗? Mr.Ron Leighton: There is no majority in the House for EMU, but is the Prime Minister aware that I attended a conference in Italy last year at which an Italian Minister spoke to me about EMU? I said, “What if Mrs.Thatcher opposes it?” And ungallantly, he laughed loud and he said, “We have met Mrs.Thatcher many times-she squawks and makes a noise at the beginning but always comes round and gives way in the end.” Now what assurances and guarantees can seek of this House today that she will not give way on this issue, as she did give way on the Madrid condition about British inflation before joining the ERM? Mr.Ron Leighton:支持货币不统一化的占多数,但是部长你还记得去年我在意大利参加会议时,意大利部长和我说的这件事吗?我当时说;“如果撒切尔夫人反对的话怎么办?”他笑的很大声,然后说,“我们见过撒切尔夫人很多次了,她总是在一开始意见很多,反对不休,但最终会妥协。”在这种情况下,什么样的担保和保证能够确保她一开始的反对不会化为最终的妥协呢?尤其是她曾在英国通货膨胀之后妥协于马德里条约加入了汇率机制。That is what they said, Mr Speaker, when I was negotiating for a better budget deal for Britain.Twice, they and the people in the Commission and our people in the Commission and we had the presidency of the Commission, advised me to give way.They found out differently.这是他们说的,当我曾为了英国进行更好的财务沟通时,他们以及委员会的人以及我们的人沟通之后,劝我还是妥协。但他们现在的说法完全不一样。
Mr.Tony Favell: Mr Speaker, next Wednesday, the doors of this Chamber will be closed to Black Rod as a symbol of the independence of this House.What would be the effect on the independence of this House and the nation which elects it if the power to veto proposals affecting social affairs, the environment and taxation were to be removed? Mr.Tony Favell:下周三,这个房间的门将会对黑人关闭,作为政府独立的象征。那么政府的独立会有什么样的效果?投反对票的国家呢?受到影响的社会事件,环境以及税率会变吗?
Mr Speaker, I hope that, when the next election comes, people who want to come to this House will come to uphold its powers and its responsibilities, and not to denude the House of them.We have surrendered some of them to the Community.In my view we have surrendered enough.我希望,当下一届选举到来之时,人们想要进入政府的能够担当好自己的权利和责任,而不是屈服于政府中的其他人。我们已经向某些人妥协了,我认为已经足够了。Mr.Tony Benn: And then is the Prime Minister aware that what we are really discussing is not matter of economic management, but the whole future of the relation between this country and Europe? Are the British people when they vote in a general election to be able to change the policies of the government that has previously veto? And it is already a fact, as the House knows full well, that whatever Government is in power, our agricultural policy is now controlled from Brussels, our trade policy is controlled from Brussels and our industrial policy is controlled from Brussels and if we go into EMU, our financial policy will be controlled.It is a democratic argument, not a nationalistic argument.But now as they say this is the Prime Minister and it’d be the member of the Government who took us into the EC without consulting the British people, having been the Prime Minister of the Government who agreed to the Single European Act without consulting the British people, having now agreed to the ERM without consulting the British people.We find it hard to believe that she is really intent on preserving democracy rather than gaining some political advantage from waving some national argument in the eve of a general election.That is why we do not trust her own judgment on the matter.Mr.Tony Benn:部长意识到我们实际上讨论的并不是经济的管理问题,而是我们国家和欧洲未来关系的走向问题。英国人民在大选当中投票能够改变政府先前的投票结果吗?这已是一个事实,政府心里也很清楚,无论政府有着什么样的权利,我们的农业政策是掌控在布鲁塞尔手里,我们的贸易政策,工业政策也是如此。如果我们加入统一汇率机制,我们的金融政策也会被控制。这是一个共和的争辩,并不是一个国家的争辩。但是他们说这是部长,政府的一员使英国人在不知情的情况下加入了欧盟,那么也可以在英国人不知情的情况下加入统一的货币机制。我们觉得很难去相信她真正的目的保留共和而不是在大选前夕从一些国家辩论中获得更多的政治优势。这也是为什么我们不相信她在这件事上将会做出合理决断的原因。
Mr Speaker, I think that I would put it just a little bit differently from the right honorable Gentleman, although I recognise some of the force of some of the points that he is making.I think when the Delors proposals for EMU came out, the economic and monetary union, it was said immediately by my right hon.Friend, the then Chancellor of the Exchequer that this was not really about monetary policy at all.It is really about a back door to a federal Europe, a federal Europe taking many many democratic powers away from democratically elected bodies to non-elected ones.I believe fervently that that is true, which is why I will have nothing to do with their definition of economic and monetary union.我认为想对那位绅士提出一点点不同的一件,尽管我在某种程度上承认他说的话。我认为Delors对统一货币机制的建议来自于经济和货币协会。朋友们,这一切和货币政策毫无相关。这实际上是对联邦欧盟开后门的表现,联邦的欧盟用很多共和的手段来使得有选举机制的国家朝着无选举机制发展。这是我的想法。这也是我为什么认为他们的经济和货币联盟定义毫无意义的原因。
第二篇:英语演讲撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段(双语)
撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段(双语)
【名人简介】
玛格丽特·希尔达·撒切尔,英国右翼政治家,第49任英国首相,1979年-1990年在任,她是至今为止英国唯一一位女首相,也是自19世纪初利物浦伯爵以来连任时间最长的英国首相。她的政治哲学与政策主张被通称为“撒切尔主义”,在任首相期间,对英国的经济、社会与文化面貌作出了既深且广的改变。在担任首相前后高姿态地反对共产主义,而被前苏联媒体戏称为“铁娘子”,这个绰号甚至已成为了她的主要标志。
1970年,进入爱德华·希思内阁担任教育及科学大臣。1975年的出任保守党党魁,1979年率领保守党重夺政权,展开保守党长达18年执政。其领导保守党在1979年、1983年和1987年三次大选中接连胜出,仅次于哈罗德·威尔逊。1990年未能击败党内对手迈克尔·赫尔塞廷,宣布辞职,其后她所属意的候选人财政大臣约翰·梅杰参选并最终获胜,11月28日正式离任,结束长达11年半的执政。1990年下台后,继任的保守党约翰·梅杰政府以及工党托尼·布莱尔政府,依然沿行了她所推行的经济变革,该政策方向持续到2008年世界金融危机爆发。
2013年4月8日,撒切尔夫人因中风病逝,终年87岁,骨灰被安葬在切尔西皇家医院墓地、亡夫丹尼斯的坟墓旁边。
撒切尔夫人曾四次访问中国,并于1984年在北京代表联合王国和时任国务院总理的赵紫阳签署了《中英关于香港问题的联合声明》。为香港回归中国奠定了坚实的政治基础。(以上来自百度百科)
下面来看看她在英国国会辩论经典片段吧~
【双语文稿】
On economic and monetary union, I stressed that we would be ready to move beyond thepresent position to the creation of a European monetary fund and a common communitycurrency which we have called a hard ECU.But we would not be prepared to agree to set a datefor starting the next stage of economic and monetary union before there is any agreement onwhat that stage should comprise.And I again emphasised that we would not be prepared tohave a single currency imposed upon us, nor to surrender the use of the pound sterling as ourcurrency.关于经济和货币联盟,我强调过我们需要做好准备,跨越目前的处境,来建立一个欧洲货币基金和共同的通用货币,也就是我们所说的欧洲货币单位。但在开始为下一阶段的经济和货币联盟登上舞台做好准备之前,我们并不会为这个协议的实现设定一个日期。我再次强调,我们不愿被逼使用统一货币,也不会屈服于把英镑作为我们的使用货币的做法。
It is our purpose to retain the power and influence of this House, and not to denude it of manyof the powers.I wonder what the right honourable gentleman's policy is, in view of some of thethings he said.Would he have agreed to a commitment to extend the Community's powers toother supplementary sectors of economic integrations without having any definition of what theyare? Would he? Because you would've thought he would from what he said.One of them wasthat the Commission wants to extend its powers and competence into the area of health.Wesaid no.We weren't going to agree to those since on what he says, he sounded as if he would,for the sake of agreeing, for the sake of being little sir echo, and saying, “Me too.” 我们的目的就是保留政府的权利以及影响,而不是剥夺他们的权利。鉴于刚刚你所说的事情,这位正直尊贵的绅士,我想知道你的政策是什么?在没有任何明确定义的情况下,他会同意扩大联盟的权力来补充其他行业没有的经济融合吗?他会吗?你们会认为他会说到做到。其中之一是,欧盟委员会希望将权力和能力扩展至医疗健康领域。我们不赞成,我们并不打算同意他所说的一切,他听起来似乎是会这样做,仅仅是为了一种妥协而已,或者是一种绅士的态度,所以他会说 “我也会。”
Would the he have agreed to extending qualified majority of voting within the Council, todelegating implementing powers to the Commission, to a common security policy, all without anyattempt to define or limit them? The answer is yes.He hasn't got a clue about the definition ofsome of the things he is saying, let alone securing a definition of others.在没有任何限制和定义的情况下,他会同意理事会扩大合格的多数投票来将权力委托给委员会或制定一个常见的安全政策,吗?答案是肯定的。他还搞不清楚的他所定义的一些事情,更别提关于其他的定义了。
Yes, the Commission does want to increase its powers.Yes, it is a non-elected body and I donot want the Commission to increase its powers against its House.So of course we are differing.Of course the chairman or the president of the Commission, Mr.Delors, said at a pressconference the other day that he wanted the European Parliament to be the democratic body ofthe Community, he wanted the Commission to be the executive and he wanted the Council ofMinisters to be the Senate.No.No.No.的确,委员会并不想要增加它的权利。是的,这是一个非选举产生的主体,我并不希望委员会增加权利来对抗政府。所以我们当然在改变。Delors先生作为委员会的主席或总统,在新闻发布会上说有一天他希望欧洲议会是一个民主机构,他希望委员会执行力能更强,他希望内阁会议由参议院指出,但这些都没能实现。
Or, or perhaps the Labour Party would give all those things up easily.Perhaps they would agreeto a single currency to total abolition of the pound sterling.Perhaps being totally incompetent withmonetary matters, they'd be only too delighted to hand over the full responsibility as they did tothe IMF, to a central bank.The fact is, they have no competence on money, no competenceon the economy, so, yes, the right honourable gentleman would be glad to hand it all over.Andwhat is the point in trying to get elected to Parliament only to hand over your sterling and tohand over the powers of this House to Europe? 也许工党会将所有这些事情变得很容易。也许他们会同意用一个单一货币来废除英镑。也许这完全算不上是货币问题,他们会非常高兴地将所有责任转交给中央银行。事实是,他们在货币政策上无所作为,在经济发展上同样一事无成,所以这位正直尊贵的绅士很愿意完全交出责任。那么你们在议会中获选,仅仅是为了将手中的金钱和权利移交给欧洲政府吗?
Norman Tebbit:My right honourable friend not agree that the mark of a single currency is thatall other currencies must be extinguished.And not nearly extinguished, but that the capacity ofother institutions to issue currency has to be extinguished.And that in the case of the UnitedKingdom, would involve this parliament binding its successors in a way which we have hithertoregarded as unconstitutional.Norman Tebbit: 我亲爱的朋友并不认为单一货币是其他货币必须消失的标志。或者并不是消失,而是其他部门对金钱的控制力应该消除。在英国的情况来说,应该让议会将其继承者和我们认为的非宪法行为结合起来。
This government has no intention of abolishing the pound sterling.If the hard ECU evolved intomuch much greater use, that would be a decision for future parliaments and future generations.It would be a decision which could only be taken once, and a decision which should not beapproached in this atmosphere, but only after the greatest possible consideration.I believe bothParliament and sterling have served our country and the rest of the world very well.I believe weare more stable and more influential with it, I believe it is an expression of sovereignty.ThisGovernment believe in the pound sterling.政府并不打算废除英镑。如果欧元的能力越来越强大,也许该由未来的议会和下一代来做出决定。这个决定只能做一次,但并不是现在,需要在进行过非常谨慎的思考之后。我相信议会和英镑为我们的国家以及其他国家服务得非常好。政府相信英镑。Dr.David Owen: Is it not perfectly clear that what was being attempted at Rome was a bounceand a bounce that led only one way, and that was to a single federal united states of Europe?And is it not vital that in this House, across party lines, it is possible for a prime minister to goand make it clear, if necessary, that Britain is prepared to stand alone? We don's relish it, butthat if necessary, if we are faced by the imposition, by treaty of an obligation to a singlecurrency and a situation which would prevent enlargement to Poland, Hungary andCzechoslovakia, Britain would be entitled and right to use the veto? Dr.David Owen:我们现在还不是很清楚,罗马经济是否在反弹,经济反弹又会给这个联邦制的欧洲合众国造成怎样的影响?并不是至关重要的,在这政府里,跨越党派界线,就有可能靠一个首相去弄清楚,如果有必要,英国正在准备孤军奋战?我们不喜欢它,但是,如果有必要,如果我们面临的实施,通过条约的义务统一的货币和情况来防止欧盟东扩至波兰、匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐克,英国将拥有和有权使用否决权吗?
Mr.Ron Leighton: There is no majority in the House for EMU, but is the Prime Minister awarethat I attended a conference in Italy last year at which an Italian Minister spoke to me aboutEMU? I said, “What if Mrs.Thatcher opposes it?” And ungallantly, he laughed loud and he said, “We have met Mrs.Thatcher many times-she squawks and makes a noise at the beginningbut always comes round and gives way in the end.” Now what assurances and guarantees canseek of this House today that she will not give way on this issue, as she did give way on theMadrid condition about British inflation before joining the ERM? Mr.Ron Leighton:支持货币不统一化的占多数,但是部长你还记得去年我在意大利参加会议时,意大利部长和我说的这件事吗?我当时说;“如果撒切尔夫人反对的话怎么办?”他笑的很大声,然后说,“我们见过撒切尔夫人很多次了,她总是在一开始意见很多,反对不休,但最终会妥协。”在这种情况下,什么样的担保和保证能够确保她一开始的反对不会化为最终的妥协呢?尤其是她曾在英国通货膨胀之后妥协于马德里条约加入了汇率机制。
That is what they said, Mr Speaker, when I was negotiating for a better budget deal for Britain.Twice, they and the people in the Commission and our people in the Commission and we had thepresidency of the Commission, advised me to give way.They found out differently.这是他们说的,当我曾为了英国进行更好的财务沟通时,他们以及委员会的人以及我们的人沟通之后,劝我还是妥协。但他们现在的说法完全不一样。
Mr.Tony Favell: Mr Speaker, next Wednesday, the doors of this Chamber will be closed to BlackRod as a symbol of the independence of this House.What would be the effect on theindependence of this House and the nation which elects it if the power to veto proposalsaffecting social affairs, the environment and taxation were to be removed? Mr.Tony Favell:下周三,这个房间的门将会对黑人关闭,作为政府独立的象征。那么政府的独立会有什么样的效果?投反对票的国家呢?受到影响的社会事件,环境以及税率会变吗?
Mr Speaker, I hope that, when the next election comes, people who want to come to this Housewill come to uphold its powers and its responsibilities, and not to denude the House of them.Wehave surrendered some of them to the Community.In my view we have surrendered enough.我希望,当下一届选举到来之时,人们想要进入政府的能够担当好自己的权利和责任,而不是屈服于政府中的其他人。我们已经向某些人妥协了,我认为已经足够了。
Mr.Tony Benn: And then is the Prime Minister aware that what we are really discussing is notmatter of economic management, but the whole future of the relation between this country andEurope? Are the British people when they vote in a general election to be able to change thepolicies of the government that has previously veto? And it is already a fact, as the Houseknows full well, that whatever Government is in power, our agricultural policy is now controlledfrom Brussels, our trade policy is controlled from Brussels and our industrial policy is controlledfrom Brussels and if we go into EMU, our financial policy will be controlled.It is a democraticargument, not a nationalistic argument.But now as they say this is the Prime Minister and it’d bethe member of the Government who took us into the EC without consulting the British people,having been the Prime Minister of the Government who agreed to the Single European Actwithout consulting the British people, having now agreed to the ERM without consulting the Britishpeople.We find it hard to believe that she is really intent on preserving democracy rather thangaining some political advantage from waving some national argument in the eve of a generalelection.That is why we do not trust her own judgment on the matter.Mr.Tony Benn:部长意识到我们实际上讨论的并不是经济的管理问题,而是我们国家和欧洲未来关系的走向问题。英国人民在大选当中投票能够改变政府先前的投票结果吗?这已是一个事实,政府心里也很清楚,无论政府有着什么样的权利,我们的农业政策是掌控在布鲁塞尔手里,我们的贸易政策,工业政策也是如此。如果我们加入统一汇率机制,我们的金融政策也会被控制。这是一个共和的争辩,并不是一个国家的争辩。但是他们说这是部长,政府的一员使英国人在不知情的情况下加入了欧盟,那么也可以在英国人不知情的情况下加入统一的货币机制。我们觉得很难去相信她真正的目的保留共和而不是在大选前夕从一些国家辩论中获得更多的政治优势。这也是为什么我们不相信她在这件事上将会做出合理决断的原因。
Mr Speaker, I think that I would put it just a little bit differently from the right honorableGentleman, although I recognise some of the force of some of the points that he is making.Ithink when the Delors proposals for EMU came out, the economic and monetary union, it wassaid immediately by my right hon.Friend, the then Chancellor of the Exchequer that this was notreally about monetary policy at all.It is really about a back door to a federal Europe, a federalEurope taking many many democratic powers away from democratically elected bodies to non-elected ones.I believe fervently that that is true, which is why I will have nothing to do with theirdefinition of economic and monetary union.我认为想对那位绅士提出一点点不同的意见,尽管我在某种程度上承认他说的话。我认为Delors对统一货币机制的建议来自于经济和货币协会。朋友们,这一切和货币政策毫无相关。这实际上是对联邦欧盟开后门的表现,联邦的欧盟用很多共和的手段来使得有选举机制的国家朝着无选举机制发展。这是我的想法。这也是我为什么认为他们的经济和货币联盟定义毫无意义的原因。
第三篇:撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段
撒切尔夫人英国国会辩论经典片段(双语文本)
英国前首相撒切尔夫人国会辩论现场,在议会辩论中,撒切尔夫人猛烈抨击工党的新税制,认为新税制不单是大步奔向社
英国前首相撒切尔夫人国会辩论现场,在议会辩论中,撒切尔夫人猛烈抨击工党的新税制,认为新税制不单是大步奔向社会主义,更是通往共产主义之路,从而奠定了她强而有力的议会辩手的名声。铁娘子最经典的“No,No,No!”把工党杀得体无完肤。面对质疑和不满,撒切尔夫人强有力的应对,不失夫人本色,也不忘适度“发飙”。
On economic and monetary union, I stressed that we would be ready to move beyond the present position to the creation of a European monetary fund and a common community currency which we have called a hard ECU.But we would not be prepared to agree to set a date for starting the next stage of economic and monetary union before there is any agreement on what that stage should comprise.And I again emphasised that we would not be prepared to have a single currency imposed upon us, nor to surrender the use of the pound sterling as our currency.关于经济和货币联盟,我强调过我们需要做好准备,跨越目前的处境,来建立一个欧洲货币基金和共同的通用货币,也就是我们所说的欧洲货币单位。但在开始为下一阶段的经济和货币联盟登上舞台做好准备之前,我们并不会为这个协议的实现设定一个日期。我再次强调,我们不愿被逼使用统一货币,也不会屈服于把英镑作为我们的使用货币的做法。It is our purpose to retain the power and influence of this House, and not to denude it of many of the powers.I wonder what the right honourable gentleman's policy is, in view of some of the things he said.Would he have agreed to a commitment to extend the Community's powers to other supplementary sectors of economic integrations without having any definition of what they are? Would he? Because you would've thought he would from what he said.One of them was that the Commission wants to extend its powers and competence into the area of health.We said no.We weren't going to agree to those since on what he says, he sounded as if he would, for the sake of agreeing, for the sake of being little sir echo, and saying, “Me too.” 我们的目的就是保留政府的权利以及影响,而不是剥夺他们的权利。鉴于刚刚你所说的事情,这位正直尊贵的绅士,我想知道你的政策是什么?在没有任何明确定义的情况下,他会同意扩大联盟的权力来补充其他行业没有的经济融合吗?他会吗?你们会认为他会说到做到。其中之一是,欧盟委员会希望将权力和能力扩展至医疗健康领域。我们不赞成,我们并不打算同意他所说的一切,他听起来似乎是会这样做,仅仅是为了一种妥协而已,或者是一种绅士的态度,所以他会说 “我也会。”
Would the he have agreed to extending qualified majority of voting within the Council, to delegating implementing powers to the Commission, to a common security policy, all without any attempt to define or limit them? The answer is yes.He hasn't got a clue about the definition of some of the things he is saying, let alone securing a definition of others.在没有任何限制和定义的情况下,他会同意理事会扩大合格的多数投票来将权力委托给委员会或制定一个常见的安全政策,吗?答案是肯定的。他还搞不清楚的他所定义的一些事情,更别提关于其他的定义了。
Yes, the Commission does want to increase its powers.Yes, it is a non-elected body and I do not want the Commission to increase its powers against its House.So of course we are differing.Of course the chairman or the president of the Commission, Mr.Delors, said at a press conference the other day that he wanted the European Parliament to be the democratic body of the Community, he wanted the Commission to be the executive and he wanted the Council of Ministers to be the Senate.No.No.No.的确,委员会并不想要增加它的权利。是的,这是一个非选举产生的主体,我并不希望委员会增加权利来对抗政府。所以我们当然在改变。Delors先生作为委员会的主席或总统,在新闻发布会上说有一天他希望欧洲议会是一个民主机构,他希望委员会执行力能更强,他希望内阁会议由参议院指出,但这些都没能实现。
Or, or perhaps the Labour Party would give all those things up easily.Perhaps they would agree to a single currency to total abolition of the pound sterling.Perhaps being totally incompetent with monetary matters, they'd be only too delighted to hand over the full responsibility as they did to the IMF, to a central bank.The fact is, they have no competence on money, no competence on the economy, so, yes, the right honourable gentleman would be glad to hand it all over.And what is the point in trying to get elected to Parliament only to hand over your sterling and to hand over the powers of this House to Europe? 也许工党会将所有这些事情变得很容易。也许他们会同意用一个单一货币来废除英镑。也许这完全算不上是货币问题,他们会非常高兴地将所有责任转交给中央银行。事实是,他们在货币政策上无所作为,在经济发展上同样一事无成,所以这位正直尊贵的绅士很愿意完全交出责任。那么你们在议会中获选,仅仅是为了将手中的金钱和权利移交给欧洲政府吗? Norman Tebbit:My right honourable friend not agree that the mark of a single currency is that all other currencies must be extinguished.And not nearly extinguished, but that the capacity of other institutions to issue currency has to be extinguished.And that in the case of the United Kingdom, would involve this parliament binding its successors in a way which we have hitherto regarded as unconstitutional.Norman Tebbit: 我亲爱的朋友并不认为单一货币是其他货币必须消失的标志。或者并不是消失,而是其他部门对金钱的控制力应该消除。在英国的情况来说,应该让议会将其继承者和我们认为的非宪法行为结合起来。This government has no intention of abolishing the pound sterling.If the hard ECU evolved into much much greater use, that would be a decision for future parliaments and future generations.It would be a decision which could only be taken once, and a decision which should not be approached in this atmosphere, but only after the greatest possible consideration.I believe both Parliament and sterling have served our country and the rest of the world very well.I believe we are more stable and more influential with it, I believe it is an expression of sovereignty.This Government believe in the pound sterling.政府并不打算废除英镑。如果欧元的能力越来越强大,也许该由未来的议会和下一代来做出决定。这个决定只能做一次,但并不是现在,需要在进行过非常谨慎的思考之后。我相信议会和英镑为我们的国家以及其他国家服务得非常好。政府相信英镑。
Dr.David Owen: Is it not perfectly clear that what was being attempted at Rome was a bounce and a bounce that led only one way, and that was to a single federal united states of Europe? And is it not vital that in this House, across party lines, it is possible for a prime minister to go and make it clear, if necessary, that Britain is prepared to stand alone? We don's relish it, but that if necessary, if we are faced by the imposition, by treaty of an obligation to a single currency and a situation which would prevent enlargement to Poland, Hungary and Czechoslovakia, Britain would be entitled and right to use the veto? Dr.David Owen:我们现在还不是很清楚,罗马经济是否在反弹,经济反弹又会给这个联邦制的欧洲合众国造成怎样的影响?并不是至关重要的,在这政府里,跨越党派界线,就有可能靠一个首相去弄清楚,如果有必要,英国正在准备孤军奋战?我们不喜欢它,但是,如果有必要,如果我们面临的实施,通过条约的义务统一的货币和情况来防止欧盟东扩至波兰、匈牙利和捷克斯洛伐克,英国将拥有和有权使用否决权吗?
Mr.Ron Leighton: There is no majority in the House for EMU, but is the Prime Minister aware that I attended a conference in Italy last year at which an Italian Minister spoke to me about EMU? I said, “What if Mrs.Thatcher opposes it?” And ungallantly, he laughed loud and he said, “We have met Mrs.Thatcher many times-she squawks and makes a noise at the beginning but always comes round and gives way in the end.” Now what assurances and guarantees can seek of this House today that she will not give way on this issue, as she did give way on the Madrid condition about British inflation before joining the ERM? Mr.Ron Leighton:支持货币不统一化的占多数,但是部长你还记得去年我在意大利参加会议时,意大利部长和我说的这件事吗?我当时说;“如果撒切尔夫人反对的话怎么办?”他笑的很大声,然后说,“我们见过撒切尔夫人很多次了,她总是在一开始意见很多,反对不休,但最终会妥协。”在这种情况下,什么样的担保和保证能够确保她一开始的反对不会化为最终的妥协呢?尤其是她曾在英国通货膨胀之后妥协于马德里条约加入了汇率机制。That is what they said, Mr Speaker, when I was negotiating for a better budget deal for Britain.Twice, they and the people in the Commission and our people in the Commission and we had the presidency of the Commission, advised me to give way.They found out differently.这是他们说的,当我曾为了英国进行更好的财务沟通时,他们以及委员会的人以及我们的人沟通之后,劝我还是妥协。但他们现在的说法完全不一样。
Mr.Tony Favell: Mr Speaker, next Wednesday, the doors of this Chamber will be closed to Black Rod as a symbol of the independence of this House.What would be the effect on the independence of this House and the nation which elects it if the power to veto proposals affecting social affairs, the environment and taxation were to be removed? Mr.Tony Favell:下周三,这个房间的门将会对黑人关闭,作为政府独立的象征。那么政府的独立会有什么样的效果?投反对票的国家呢?受到影响的社会事件,环境以及税率会变吗?
Mr Speaker, I hope that, when the next election comes, people who want to come to this House will come to uphold its powers and its responsibilities, and not to denude the House of them.We have surrendered some of them to the Community.In my view we have surrendered enough.我希望,当下一届选举到来之时,人们想要进入政府的能够担当好自己的权利和责任,而不是屈服于政府中的其他人。我们已经向某些人妥协了,我认为已经足够了。
Mr.Tony Benn: And then is the Prime Minister aware that what we are really discussing is not matter of economic management, but the whole future of the relation between this country and Europe? Are the British people when they vote in a general election to be able to change the policies of the government that has previously veto? And it is already a fact, as the House knows full well, that whatever Government is in power, our agricultural policy is now controlled from Brussels, our trade policy is controlled from Brussels and our industrial policy is controlled from Brussels and if we go into EMU, our financial policy will be controlled.It is a democratic argument, not a nationalistic argument.But now as they say this is the Prime Minister and it’d be the member of the Government who took us into the EC without consulting the British people, having been the Prime Minister of the Government who agreed to the Single European Act without consulting the British people, having now agreed to the ERM without consulting the British people.We find it hard to believe that she is really intent on preserving democracy rather than gaining some political advantage from waving some national argument in the eve of a general election.That is why we do not trust her own judgment on the matter.Mr.Tony Benn:部长意识到我们实际上讨论的并不是经济的管理问题,而是我们国家和欧洲未来关系的走向问题。英国人民在大选当中投票能够改变政府先前的投票结果吗?这已是一个事实,政府心里也很清楚,无论政府有着什么样的权利,我们的农业政策是掌控在布鲁塞尔手里,我们的贸易政策,工业政策也是如此。如果我们加入统一汇率机制,我们的金融政策也会被控制。这是一个共和的争辩,并不是一个国家的争辩。但是他们说这是部长,政府的一员使英国人在不知情的情况下加入了欧盟,那么也可以在英国人不知情的情况下加入统一的货币机制。我们觉得很难去相信她真正的目的保留共和而不是在大选前夕从一些国家辩论中获得更多的政治优势。这也是为什么我们不相信她在这件事上将会做出合理决断的原因。
Mr Speaker, I think that I would put it just a little bit differently from the right honorable Gentleman, although I recognise some of the force of some of the points that he is making.I think when the Delors proposals for EMU came out, the economic and monetary union, it was said immediately by my right hon.Friend, the then Chancellor of the Exchequer that this was not really about monetary policy at all.It is really about a back door to a federal Europe, a federal Europe taking many many democratic powers away from democratically elected bodies to non-elected ones.I believe fervently that that is true, which is why I will have nothing to do with their definition of economic and monetary union.我认为想对那位绅士提出一点点不同的一件,尽管我在某种程度上承认他说的话。我认为Delors对统一货币机制的建议来自于经济和货币协会。朋友们,这一切和货币政策毫无相关。这实际上是对联邦欧盟开后门的表现,联邦的欧盟用很多共和的手段来使得有选举机制的国家朝着无选举机制发展。这是我的想法。这也是我为什么认为他们的经济和货币联盟定义毫无意义的原因。
第四篇:撒切尔夫人名言
撒切尔夫人名言
1、没有人会记得起乐于助人者,如果这个人只有好心。他还得有钱,人们才会记得。(1980年)
2、哪里有混乱,我们就带去和谐;哪里有错误,我们就带去真实;哪里有怀疑,我们就带去信任;哪里有沮丧,我们就带来希望。——撒切尔夫人
3、我不在意我的大臣们谈了多少,只要他们按我说的做。(1980年)
4、任何一位知道如何管理一个家庭的人将更透彻的知道如何管理一个国家。(1979年,那一年成为了英国首相)
5、如果你愿意,大可自己改变。但女士是不会转变的。(1980年,撒切尔在其经济政策受到抨击时坚持立场)
6、以一名资历尚浅的保守党党员的身份,我们有权发言;我们将激流勇进,将过去的苦难转变为今天的平静。(1945年,首次政治演说。)
7、在11年半的美好时光后,我们终将离开唐宁街。我感到非常高兴,因为相比11年半前上任的时候,今天的英国已经变得更好。(1990年,撒切尔含泪发表离职演说。)
8、凡是有不和的地方,我们要为和谐而努力;凡是有谬误的地方,我们要为真理而努力;凡是有疑虑的地方,我们要为信任而努力;凡是有绝望的地方,我们要为希望而努力。如今有工作等着我们去做。(1979年,首次当选首相后)
9、仅仅为了我们的陆军和海军获胜的消息欣喜……欣喜。(1982年,英阿马岛之战)
10、我们所需求的仅仅是把我们的钱拿回来——尽管这句话曾被误读为‘我想拿回我的钱’。(1984年,欧盟峰会)
11、我带着一个目的来到这个办公室:令英国社会从依赖走向自力更生;从人人为我到我为人人;建立一个奋发有为的英国,而不是消极怠工的英国。(1984年,撒切尔概述其政治哲学)
12、注意你的思想,因为它将变成言辞;注意你的言辞,因为它将变成行动;注意你的行动,因为它将变成习惯;注意你的习惯,因为它将变成性格;注意你的性格,因为它将决定你的命运。——撒切尔夫人
13、在我这个时代没有女性将成为首相或者外交大臣,不可能出任这些最高级的职位。不管怎样,我不想当首相,但是你该对自己有百分百的自信。(1969年,时任反对党保守党议员)
14、家就是你没事可做时去的地方。(1991年5月,卸任6个月后)
15、撒切尔夫人名言
1、没有人会记得起乐于助人者,如果这个人只有好心。他还得有钱,人们才会记得。(1980年)
2、哪里有混乱,我们就带去和谐;哪里有错误,我们就带去真实;哪里有怀疑,我们就带去信任;哪里有沮丧,我们就带来希望。——撒切尔夫人
3、我不在意我的大臣们谈了多少,只要他们按我说的做。(1980年)
4、任何一位知道如何管理一个家庭的人将更透彻的知道如何管理一个国家。(1979年,那一年成为了英国首相)
5、如果你愿意,大可自己改变。但女士是不会转变的。(1980年,撒切尔在其经济政策受到抨击时坚持立场)
6、以一名资历尚浅的保守党党员的身份,我们有权发言;我们将激流勇进,将过去的苦难转变为今天的平静。(1945年,首次政治演说。)
7、在11年半的美好时光后,我们终将离开唐宁街。我感到非常高兴,因为相比11年半前上任的时候,今天的英国已经变得更好。(1990年,撒切尔含泪发表离职演说。)
8、凡是有不和的地方,我们要为和谐而努力;凡是有谬误的地方,我们要为真理而努力;凡是有疑虑的地方,我们要为信任而努力;凡是有绝望的地方,我们要为希望而努力。如今有工作等着我们去做。(1979年,首次当选首相后)
9、仅仅为了我们的陆军和海军获胜的消息欣喜……欣喜。(1982年,英阿马岛之战)
10、我们所需求的仅仅是把我们的钱拿回来——尽管这句话曾被误读为‘我想拿回我的钱’。(1984年,欧盟峰会)
11、我带着一个目的来到这个办公室:令英国社会从依赖走向自力更生;从人人为我到我为人人;建立一个奋发有为的英国,而不是消极怠工的英国。(1984年,撒切尔概述其政治哲学)
12、注意你的思想,因为它将变成言辞;注意你的言辞,因为它将变成行动;注意你的行动,因为它将变成习惯;注意你的习惯,因为它将变成性格;注意你的性格,因为它将决定你的命运。——撒切尔夫人
13、在我这个时代没有女性将成为首相或者外交大臣,不可能出任这些最高级的职位。不管怎样,我不想当首相,但是你该对自己有百分百的自信。(1969年,时任反对党保守党议员)
14、家就是你没事可做时去的地方。(1991年5月,卸任6个月后)
15、撒切尔夫人名言
1、没有人会记得起乐于助人者,如果这个人只有好心。他还得有钱,人们才会记得。(1980年)
2、哪里有混乱,我们就带去和谐;哪里有错误,我们就带去真实;哪里有怀疑,我们就带去信任;哪里有沮丧,我们就带来希望。——撒切尔夫人
3、我不在意我的大臣们谈了多少,只要他们按我说的做。(1980年)
4、任何一位知道如何管理一个家庭的人将更透彻的知道如何管理一个国家。(1979年,那一年成为了英国首相)
5、如果你愿意,大可自己改变。但女士是不会转变的。(1980年,撒切尔在其经济政策受到抨击时坚持立场)
6、以一名资历尚浅的保守党党员的身份,我们有权发言;我们将激流勇进,将过去的苦难转变为今天的平静。(1945年,首次政治演说。)
7、在11年半的美好时光后,我们终将离开唐宁街。我感到非常高兴,因为相比11年半前上任的时候,今天的英国已经变得更好。(1990年,撒切尔含泪发表离职演说。)
8、凡是有不和的地方,我们要为和谐而努力;凡是有谬误的地方,我们要为真理而努力;凡是有疑虑的地方,我们要为信任而努力;凡是有绝望的地方,我们要为希望而努力。如今有工作等着我们去做。(1979年,首次当选首相后)
9、仅仅为了我们的陆军和海军获胜的消息欣喜……欣喜。(1982年,英阿马岛之战)
10、我们所需求的仅仅是把我们的钱拿回来——尽管这句话曾被误读为‘我想拿回我的钱’。(1984年,欧盟峰会)
11、我带着一个目的来到这个办公室:令英国社会从依赖走向自力更生;从人人为我到我为人人;建立一个奋发有为的英国,而不是消极怠工的英国。(1984年,撒切尔概述其政治哲学)
12、注意你的思想,因为它将变成言辞;注意你的言辞,因为它将变成行动;注意你的行动,因为它将变成习惯;注意你的习惯,因为它将变成性格;注意你的性格,因为它将决定你的命运。——撒切尔夫人
13、在我这个时代没有女性将成为首相或者外交大臣,不可能出任这些最高级的职位。不管怎样,我不想当首相,但是你该对自己有百分百的自信。(1969年,时任反对党保守党议员)
14、家就是你没事可做时去的地方。(1991年5月,卸任6个月后)
15、我要继续战斗,我要战斗直至胜利。(1990年11月21日,撒切尔夫人在未能赢得足够保守党内选票后如是说。次日,她辞去首相职务。)
16、假如你想要的是空谈,问男人;假如你想有些作为,问女人。(1982年)
17、我喜欢争论,我喜欢辩论,我不希望任何人只是坐在我边上,同意我的观点,这不是他们的工作。(1980年)
18、我不是一位共识政治家,我是一个有信念的政治家。(1979年)
19、我喜欢戈尔巴乔夫先生。我们可以一起做生意。(1984年,会晤前苏联领导人戈尔巴乔夫后)
20、我们必须阻止英国倒退。如今,英国的精神重现,像过去一样熊熊燃烧。(1982年,马岛之争)
21、根本就不存在‘社会’这种东西。(1987年,专访)
16、假如你想要的是空谈,问男人;假如你想有些作为,问女人。(1982年)
17、我喜欢争论,我喜欢辩论,我不希望任何人只是坐在我边上,同意我的观点,这不是他们的工作。(1980年)
18、我不是一位共识政治家,我是一个有信念的政治家。(1979年)
19、我喜欢戈尔巴乔夫先生。我们可以一起做生意。(1984年,会晤前苏联领导人戈尔巴乔夫后)
20、我们必须阻止英国倒退。如今,英国的精神重现,像过去一样熊熊燃烧。(1982年,马岛之争)
21、根本就不存在‘社会’这种东西。(1987年,专访)
16、假如你想要的是空谈,问男人;假如你想有些作为,问女人。(1982年)
17、我喜欢争论,我喜欢辩论,我不希望任何人只是坐在我边上,同意我的观点,这不是他们的工作。(1980年)
18、我不是一位共识政治家,我是一个有信念的政治家。(1979年)
19、我喜欢戈尔巴乔夫先生。我们可以一起做生意。(1984年,会晤前苏联领导人戈尔巴乔夫后)
20、我们必须阻止英国倒退。如今,英国的精神重现,像过去一样熊熊燃烧。(1982年,马岛之争)
21、根本就不存在‘社会’这种东西。(1987年,专访)
第五篇:《撒切尔夫人》影评
《撒切尔夫人》影评
2010990020
10行管
江媛媛
1342395297@qq.com
传记电影只所以吸引人,重要的原因之一就是它给予观众一种错觉:可以借2小时的银幕之旅来了解历史、一个重要人物的一生,还有他的心灵。有时导演未必有这样的野心或能力在电影中重建历史、伟人,只有少数伟大的传记片才会让观众在看过之后产生更多的思考和探寻历史真实的冲动。影片《撒切尔夫人》,它试图诠释一个“铁娘子”称号下“真实”的玛格丽特·撒切尔,但在看过影片之后,我们仍然无法确认银幕上的撒切尔和真正的撒切尔有多大程度上的吻合。
影片的导演菲利达·劳埃德之前只拍过一部音乐剧电影《妈妈咪呀》,这位女导演让影片充满细腻温婉的气氛,却也失去了传记电影最吸引人的力量感。反复的闪回、倒叙使影片颇具有现代感,同时则失去了叙事的流畅性。对比《国王的演讲》的高度集中、高度戏剧化,《撒切尔夫人》就显得有些琐碎轻盈。
在“中美文化艺术论坛”中与斯特里普交流的环节里,一位英国人站起来表示,他就是当年朝撒切尔夫人的车子扔东西,高喊“撒切尔滚蛋”的那些年轻人之一,至今仍然不赞同撒切尔的主张和作为,但影片让他有了一个重新的认识,这都要感谢斯特里普的精彩表演。
出乎我们的意料,影片从退休后身体每况愈下的撒切尔开始写起,中间穿插着闪回来讲述这位政坛的铁腕人物是如何走到这一步的。这个结构就已经奠定了整部影片的基调:回忆的、个人的、温和与失落的铁娘子。老年的铁娘子神经质、敏感,甚至可以说多愁善感,她时常有看到死去丈夫的幻觉,对孩子充满母性的思念之情。斯特里普的表演已臻化境,演起这样一位老人来真切自如,但从效果来看,则远不如回忆段落中从青年走到盛年的撒切尔夫人来得真实。当她第一次和政敌在议员中论战时,当她斩钉截铁地决定与阿根廷开战时,那种历史风云人物的震撼才在银幕上展现出来,令你全心投入。
“当心你的思想,因为思想会变成言语;当心你的言语,因为言语会变成行动;当心你的行动,因为行动会变成习惯;当心你的习惯,因为习惯会变成性格;而性格会变成你的命运。”这是影片中老年撒切尔夫人对她的医生说的一段话。我们在影片中看到了撒切尔的性格,她的习惯,她的言语,可对于她的思想,她何以成为撒切尔夫人,还是只能停留在导演提供的片面解读上——没有中英谈判的内容,对收取“人头税”也一笔带过。
影片用浓重的笔墨,勾勒了一个在男人世界里打拼的女人背后的心酸。影片还原了撒切尔夫人的工作处境:在满是灰黑色男性西装的议会里,只有一个穿着亮蓝色裙装的她,孤零零地坐着。为了能够适应在清一色男性的政坛立足,撒切尔还专门接受过培训,改变发型、整形牙齿、练习说话腔调。女儿卡罗尔曾提到,母亲的衣橱里面没有一件女性休闲款的衣服,齐刷刷地挂满了适合在正式场合穿着的套装。虽然生活在男人帮里,撒切尔依然保有很多女性特质。像不少女性一样,她也随身不离手提包,但是除了梳子、口红和手帕,包里还有应对断电的手电筒、防止反对者朝她脸上泼硫酸而毁容的解毒剂。
据说,撒切尔夫人会把手提包放在会议桌中央,在辩论中随时从中取出文件应对。英国前首相布莱尔年轻时曾质问撒切尔夫人是否读过凯恩斯,撒切尔夫人从容地从手提包里拿出这位英国经济学家的文章,反驳布莱尔。如今,“手提包”在牛津词典里,多了一层“抨击或者威吓”的意思。
撒切尔夫人是永不服输的“铁娘子”。
撒切尔夫人那个时代,英国还处在“二战后遗症|”中,臃肿的政府部门、效率低下的国企、“垮掉的年轻人”等等一系列问题,使国家陷于内耗,发展停滞。玛格丽特从政后,旗帜鲜明的反对官僚主义,大力削减政府开支,减少对经济的干预。同时,她摈弃懒散怠惰的社会风气,鼓励年轻人努力工作,高效率的工作,从而赢得人生价值。工党掌握的工会势力,借撒切尔缩减开支、关闭国企的政策,大力鼓动公务员和工人罢工,一时伦敦街头笼罩在“血雨腥风”之中。这时,撒切尔夫人勇敢的来到工厂、事业单位中,平息公众对其的不满,并发表了振奋人心的演说,宗旨便是:劳动才有饭吃,罢工只会害了英国人。
随着一系列改革执行,中小型企业迅速崛起,并成为英国经济发展、产业转型的中坚力量,失业数和不满度也随之锐减。奋起直追的冲劲战胜了懒散怠惰的氤氲,撒切尔不仅挽救了国家,也鞭策了英国人。
福克兰群岛一直是英国在南美的根据地,同时也是涉足南极的前哨,战略位置非常重要。因为年年削减政府开支,撒切尔时期的福克兰群岛,因缺乏财政支持,驻军数量减少、装备长期未更新。此时,军人掌政的阿根廷政府认为“夺回”国土的时候来了,于是来了一个“偷袭群岛”。打还是不打?不服输的撒切尔夫人毅然选择了战争,一来可以树立英国还是军事强国的形象,二来能提振自己的支持度。作为政治家,撒切尔无法顾及军人亲属的感受,舍小为大,义无反顾。
撒切尔夫人是永不妥协的铁娘子,但,唯有时间击败了她。
熟悉撒切尔夫人铁腕形象的人,恐怕会认不出电影片头那个步履蹒跚的老妇人。她行动迟缓,语无伦次,眼神里充满了怯懦。这正是如今的撒切尔夫人。“母亲一生的最爱只有两个:一是唐宁街10号,二是父亲丹尼斯。她的最爱都被剥夺了。”女儿卡罗尔说。
2003年,丈夫丹尼斯去世,可撒切尔迟迟不能接受这个事实。玛格丽特是撒切尔夫人的本家姓,但就像大多数女强者,她对丈夫的姓同样看重。丈夫是玛格丽特灵与肉的支持,这也是撒切尔先生的幽灵贯穿全片之故。
步入政坛前,撒切尔只是父亲杂货店里的服务员。因听了保守党的演讲,开始对政治有了兴趣,并因此考取了牛津。和撒切尔先生的婚姻,有一半原因来自政治考虑,片中撒切尔向玛格丽特求婚时说得很直白:你缺少一个大商人的背景,而我正好可以填补这部分。有志于政治的玛格丽特,当然不会放过这一绝佳机遇。撒切尔不仅在政治上帮了妻子一把,也是其最好的心灵依靠。从政之初,玛格丽特除面对政敌们的挑衅,还面临着性别歧视。片中有个场景俯拍议院人群,黑压压的全是西装革履的男士,只有撒切尔夫人一位女士,起眼的高跟鞋成了独特的风景;繁杂的政事让玛格丽特很难顾及家人,撒切尔先生对此深表理解,因为他喜欢妻子的与众不同。据女儿卡罗尔介绍,如今,患有老年痴呆症的她会在餐厅里挂上丈夫的画像,一边吃饭,一边跟“丈夫”说话,有时候还会跟女儿解释:“看,爸爸并没有离开我们!”
与撒切尔夫人结识30多年的琳达·麦克多戈感叹道:“我曾经是那么羡慕她身上所拥有的那股常人鲜有的自信,而现在,我只能从她的眼神中看到胆怯和犹豫。她自己也感觉到了这些变化,她感到恐惧,因为她想要阻止这些变化却又无能为力。”
在影片中,当丹尼斯·撒切尔向年轻的玛格丽特求婚时,玛格丽特非常认真地对他说:“我不想成为一个在家洗碗洗到死的女人。”但影片的最后一幕中,晚年的撒切尔夫人慢慢喝完咖啡,蹒跚地走向洗碗池,自己把咖啡杯洗净,然后转身离开。这一巨大的悖论,看来让人心灵一颤。
如今,87岁高龄的撒切尔平时既不看电视,也不读报纸,一个人住在伦敦的家里。每天早上醒来,她会坐在窗边,盯着不远处的海德公园里游玩的人们发呆。由于年轻时专注工作,和家人接触少,她跟儿女的关系并不密切,他们平均6个月来看望她一次。虽然在任期间交友广泛,但当她过77岁生日的时候,本以为至少能收到几十张贺卡,最后只收到了4张卡片。它们被精心摆放在壁炉台上,闲下来的时候,撒切尔夫人就会出神地盯着它们。
为了与电影相呼应,《每日邮报》记者特地在圣诞节的时候跑去她家门口蹲点,捕捉昔日铁娘子的风采。可是,他既没有拍到儿女来欢聚,也没有政客来寒暄,只有替她开门的警卫和搀她走路的护士。镜头里的撒切尔夫人风光不再,她左手扶着门框,艰难地向前迈步。
玛格丽特是撒切尔夫人,也是铁娘子。撇开她政治家的身份,她身上那种不比男人差的强硬和睿智,还是很值得现代人学习的。