第一篇:河南省郑州市2015年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测文综政治试题
郑州市2015年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测文综政治试题
12.牛羊肉是老百姓餐桌上的常见食品,自从2014年7月以来曾一度被高捧的“羊贵妃”受市场供应充足影响,价格持续下降,而牛肉供给基本稳定,在不考虑其他因素情况下,下列传导过程正确的是
① ② ③ ④
A.①→④→②→③ B.③→①→②→④ C.①→④→③→② D.③→①→④→② 13.图5为2009-2014年我国一次能源消费同比增速及GDP增速,根据图表可以推断出
①我国一次能源消费增速随着经济发展而变化 ②我国一次能源消费量的减少制约了经济的发展
③能源结构的优化使一次能源的消费量随GDP的增长而减少 ④节能减排的力度加大使一次能源消费的增速低于GDP增速 A.①② B.①④ C.②③ D.③④
14.2014年11月21日,中国人民银行宣布从次日起下调金融机构人民币贷款和存款基准利率。值得注意的是,本次降息是非对称的,金融机构一年期贷款基准利率下调0.4个百分点,一年期存款基准利率下调只有0.25个百分点,同时将金融机构存款利率浮动区间的上限由存款基准利率的1.1倍调整为1.2倍。上述举措有利于
①降低企业的融资成本,支持企业发展 ②缩小存贷款利差,扩大银行的盈利空间 ③倒逼银行加快业务调整,转变盈利模式 ④发挥行政手段的作用,促进经济发展 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
15.2013年中国进出口贸易总额高达4.16万亿美元,取代美国成为全球最大贸易国,引起外界强烈关注。但长期以来我国产品参与国际竞争主要依赖数量和价格优势,缺乏核心竞争力。为此我国应该
①加强技术创新和品牌建设,提升出口竞争优势 ②优化出口贸易结构,提高对外贸易效益
③发挥劳动力资源优势,大力发展劳动密集型产品 ④加大对出口企业的补贴,强化价格竞争优势
A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④
16.北京市某区依托智慧城市理念,整合各类服务资源,构建一个全响应式社会服务管理平台,通
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过管理平台,政府部门能够快速掌握服务对象的需求,服务对象也能及时掌握政府部门发布的信息,并能实现及时互动。该区此举旨在
①加大简政放权力度,降低行政成本 ②整合行政管理资源,提高服务效能 ③增加政府职能部门,防止管理缺位 ④创新管理服务模式,打造阳光政务 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
17.近年来,河南、江苏等地的人民法院相继尝试采用微博或网站直播庭审,网民足不出户便可收看庭审实况并参与互动。推进网络庭审直播
①方便了公民有序参与司法审判 ②制约了人民法院独立行使审判权 ③保障了公民的知情权、监督权 ④提高了司法的透明度和公信力 A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④
18.面对埃博拉疫情,中国政府积极响应联合国和世界卫生组织的呼吁,向疫情严重的多个国家提供防护救治物资、粮食和现汇,紧急调派医疗专家,帮助非洲国家防控疫情,赢得多方赞誉。这表明中国
①全面参与联合国的各项工作 ②勇于承担国际道义责任
③立足共同利益发展对外合作关系 ④在国际事务中发挥建设性作用 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
19.1976年,郑州市陇海大院居民高新海因病高位截瘫,生活不能自理,邻居、战友们自觉承担起照顾他的义务,30多年来爱心接力从未间断。如今这个大院誉满绿城,成为郑州市一张精神文明的名片。该居民“小区”的邻里“大爱”能够 ①提高市民文明修养,回避生活中的思想道德冲突 ②引导市民弘扬传统美德,决定城市文明的发展方向 ③感召市民践行社会主义荣辱观,提升城市形象
④激发群众参与志愿活动的热情,创建文明和谐社区 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
20.总书记强调,我们党必须不断接受马克思主义哲学智慧的滋养,增强辩证思维、战略思维能力,努力提高解决我国改革发展基本问题的本领。这是因为马克思主义哲学
①是建设中国特色社会主义的理论基础 ②能为我国解决改革发展问题提供具体方法 ③是指导我们有效改造世界的终极真理 ④能增强群众认识世界和改造世界的能力 A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④
21.《孔子家语》有载:鲁国在年终举行盛大的腊祭,庆祝一年的劳动成果。孔子带着一群弟子去观赏,他笑着对子贡说:“你看见他们心里的快乐吗?”子贡不屑地说:“这个国家的人都疯了,我看不出有什么值得快乐的。”孔子教训他道:“唉!你懂得什么啊,百日之劳,换来的不过是一天的快乐,这是上天赐予的恩泽,也是人生的意义所在啊!”。孔子与子贡对腊祭的不同看法表明
①形成正确认识要坚持主观与客观的统一②意识会因人们对事物认识角度的不同而不同 ③意识源于个人的内心体验,具有自觉选择性④不同的人对同一事物的认识不可能相同 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
22.雁群飞行时一般都是排成人字阵或一字斜阵,并定时交换左右位置。生物专家研究发现:雁群这一飞行阵势能够使它们飞得最快最省力,因为后一只大雁能够借助于前一只大雁的羽翼所产生的空气动力更省力地飞行,一段时间后,它们交换左右位置,目的是使另一侧的羽翼也能借助于空气动力缓解疲劳。管理专家将其运用于人力资源管理,称之为“雁阵效应”。“雁阵效应”启示我们要
①统筹全局,以实现整体的最佳功能
②注重结构的优化趋向,使部分功能之和大于整体
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③重视系统的动态有序性,以保持内部结构的稳定 ④重视关键部分,发挥其对整体的决定作用 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
23.匈牙利记者比罗某次写稿时不小心划破了稿纸,他想,要是把笔尖换成圆珠就好了。于是,他请教一名化学家,化学家说:“笔尖换成圆珠没问题,可是圆珠的周围能漏出墨水才可以写字呀!”比罗想,如果让圆珠转动的时候控制墨水的流量不就行了吗?经过反复试验,他终于发明了依靠圆珠的转动送出墨水的圆珠笔。圆珠笔的发明过程进一步印证了 ①在实践中敢于突破惯性思维是实现创新的必要条件 ②创新是在改造旧事物积极因素的基础上寻找新思路 ③不断质疑原有的经验是实现创新的根本途径
④把握偶然联系才能创造出符合现实需要的必然联系 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④ 38.(26分)阅读材料,回答下列问题。
旅游是是人民生活水平提高的重要指标,是小康生活的基本需求。当前,我国旅游正面临新的发展机遇。
材料一 2014年预计我国国内旅游人数约36亿人次,增长10%,人均出游率已经接近3次;全年完成旅游直接投资6800亿元,同比增长32%,其中民间资本占57%成为旅游投资的主力,打破了国有、集体资本一统天下的格局;全年新增5A级旅游景区9家,目前全国5A级旅游景区总数达184家。
汪洋副总理指出,在新常态下,旅游业是稳增长的重要引擎,是惠民生的重要抓手,是生态文明建设的重要支撑,在国民经济和社会发展中的重要战略地位更加凸显。
材料二 自2013年10月1日旅游法实施以来,全国人大常委会多次开展旅游法执法检查。2014年9月,检查组赴陕西、浙江等5省(区)实地查看当地的旅游基础设施情况,检查旅游市场秩序,听取当地政府及旅游相关部门的汇报,召开座谈会了解旅行社、景区、游客的意见,并向当地政府反馈了检查情况,要求各级政府、各相关部门进一步加大旅游法贯彻实施力度,促进旅游业持续健康发展。
(1)结合材料一,概括我国旅游业发展的特点,并分析我国发展旅游业是如何按照全面建成小康社会的新要求提高人民生活水平的。(14分)
(2)结合材料二,运用政治生活知识,说明全国人大常委会为什么要开展旅游法执法检查。(12分)
39.(26分)阅读材料,回答下列问题。
“文化是大学的灵魂,是办好大学最重要的精神资源和无形资产。”某大学建校90年来,引导学生在实践中收获真知,推动校园文化发展。学生通过参加“社团文化节”、“青春微电影”等活动积极秉承以“博学、至学、勤学”为主要内涵的“五五四”精神,逐渐形成了“尚诚朴、勤学问、重团结、养正气”优良学风。学校积极搭建校企合作平台,学生积极申报参与创新性项目,科技创新成绩斐然,创新文化蔚然成风。多年来,志愿者帮扶活动在该校常态化、多样化,学生深入农村开展义务家教、义诊、科普宣传等活动,极大提升了广大师生的文明素养和学校声誉,促进农村的精神文明建设工作。
(1)运用文化生活知识,说明学生实践活动对促进校园文化发展的作用。(10分)
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(2)大学生深入农村开展义务家教、科普宣传活动,促进了农村精神文明的发展,有人据此认为“大学生是价值的创造者,帮扶对象是价值的享受者。”你是如何评价这一观点的?运用所学哲学知识说明理由。(12分)
(3)教育具有选择、传递、创造文化的特定功能,请从其中任选两个功能,结合自己参与的实践活动说明该功能的教育意义。(4分)
2015年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
政治 参考答案
一、选择题(每小题4分,共48分)
12.D 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.D 18.C 19.D 20.C 21.A 22.B 23.A
二、非选择题(共52分)38.(26分)
(1)我国旅游市场规模大,旅游消费需求旺盛;大众化的旅游发展趋势明显;旅游业成为投资的热点领域,投资主体多元化;旅游产品质量不断提高。(5分)
发展旅游业推动了产业结构的优化升级,促进了经济持续健康发展,为人民生活水平的提高奠定物质基础;(3分)扩大了就业,增加了收入,促进了人民生活水平的提高;(3分)促进了资源的节约、环境的保护,优化了人居环境,提高人民的生活质量。(3分)
(2)人民代表大会是人民行使国家权力的机关,全国人大开展旅游法执法检查是维护人民意志的体现,有利于依法维护消费者和经营者的合法权益;(4分)全国人大具有监督权,开展执法检查有利于监督政府认真履行职责,加强旅游公共服务体系建设,维护旅游市场秩序;(4分)全国人大开展执法检查是积极落实依法治国的必然要求,有利于旅游法的贯彻实施,做到有法必依,有利于促进旅游业的持续健康发展。(4分)
39.(26分)
(1)社会实践是文化创新的源泉和动力,校园文化的发展离不开以学生为实践主体的文化创新。(4分)学生参加社团活动,继承学校优良学风,加强学风建设,积极打造校园精神;(2分)
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积极参与科学研究,开展校企合作提升了创新能力,营造良好的校园文化创新氛围;(2分)开展志愿者帮扶活动,促进文化交流传播,提升了该校的社会影响力,树立校园良好的文明风尚。(2分)
(2)人的价值在于对社会的责任和贡献,大学生通过义务服务活动满足社会及他人的需要,同时促进社会精神文明建设;(4分)人又是价值的享受者,大学生利用学校搭建的平台和社会提供的条件去创造价值,同时也得到了社会的认可,提升了自身素质;(4分)人是价值创造者和享受者的统一,大学生在创造价值和享受价值的统一中实现自己的人生价值,帮扶对象在享受价值的同时也创造价值。(4分)
(3)选择文化功能:课堂上学习社会主义核心价值观的内涵,提高自身的道德素质; 传递文化功能:通过主题班会关注党和国家的各项方针政策,坚定自己的政治立场; 创造文化功能:在物理实验中仔细观察,发现问题,撰写实验报告,提高自己的创新能力。(4分,任答两点即可)
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第二篇:河南省郑州市2014年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测理综答案
2014年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
生物参考答案
一、选择题
1.B2.C3.D4.D5.D6.C
二、非选择题(除注明的外,每空1分)
29.(10分)
(1)空间结构大豆
(2)亚硫酸氢钠浓度和不同农作物(2分)排除无关变量的干扰
(3)C3的还原类囊体结构的薄膜上否
(4)在200~300 ppm之间进行多组亚硫酸氢钠溶液浓度梯度平行实验(2分)
30.(10分)
(1)淋巴因子记忆B(淋巴)细胞自身免疫病
(2)Ⅰ.①抗体②胸腺③向A、B组小鼠各注射适量且等量的H7N9禽流感病毒疫苗Ⅱ.①抗体含量不变抗体含量增加②抗体含量增加抗体含量增加
31.(11分)
Ⅰ.(1)两者在杂交过程中都保持完整性和独立性;两者都是在体细胞中成对存在,生殖细胞中减半;成对存在的基因或染色体都是一个来自父方,一个来自母方;在形成配子时,非同源染色体以及非等位基因都表现出自由组合。(写出任意两项即可,每项1分,计2分)
(2)类比推理果蝇的白眼基因
Ⅱ.(1)控制酶的合成控制代谢过程
(2)BbXAXa(2分)BbXaY(2分)
(3)深红眼雌蝇∶猩红眼雌蝇∶深红眼雄蝇∶猩红眼雄蝇∶无色雄蝇=6∶2∶3∶4∶1(2分)
32.(8分)
(1)食物链
(2)捕食者(植食性鱼类)增多竞争者(浮游藻类)大量繁殖
(3)饵料中的能量生产者固定的太阳能
(4)减少
(5)凌晨水中的溶解氧含量最低
39.(15分)
(1)酵母菌20培养液的缺氧环境及酵母菌产生大量酒精能抑制绝大多数微生物的生长繁殖(2分)
(2)过程③所用酵母菌是兼性厌氧型,过程④所用醋酸菌是好氧型(2分)
酶 C2H5OH+O22O(2分)
(3)芳香油含量较高压榨压榨
(4)焦糊水解
(5)植物组织培养高压蒸汽灭菌
40.(15分)
(1)基因组文库PCR热稳定DNA聚合酶(Taq酶)显微注射滋养层
(2)核移植胚胎移植(3)体外受精
(4)相同胚胎分割将内细胞团均等分割(2分)
(5)胰蛋白酶饲养层(6)(动物)血清
2014年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
化学参考答案
7.A8.C9.B10.B11.C12.D13.D
26.(14分)
(1)NaHCO3、Na2SO4(2分)
(2)Mg2B2O5·H2O+2NaOH === 2NaBO2+2Mg(OH)2↓(2分)
(3)2Na++4BO2+2CO2+11H2O === Na2B4O7·10H2O↓+2HCO3(2分)--
(4)硼酸的酸性小于硫酸,符合复分解反应由强酸制弱酸的原理,且硼酸的溶解度较小,从溶液中析出有利于该反应的进行。(2分)
(5)B2H6(g)+3O2(g)= B2O3(s)+3H2O(l)△H=-2165 kJ·mol-1(2分)
(6)B2O3+3CaF2+3H2SO4(浓)=2BF3+3CaSO4+3H2O(2分)
(7)NaBO3·H2O(2分)
27.(14分)
(1)将装置冷却后补加碎瓷片(1分)
(2)减少副产物乙醚生成(1分)
(3)装置B中的长导管有水柱上升(1分)装置D中温度过低,产品1, 2-二溴乙烷在试管中凝固(2分)
(4)吸收乙烯气体中含有的CO2、SO2等酸性气体(2分)Br2 + 2OH = Br+ BrO+H2O(2分)---
(5)①浓硫酸将部分乙醇氧化 ②发生副反应生成乙醚 ③乙醇挥发 ④乙烯流速过快,和液溴反应不充分(答出其中的任意2条即可)(2分)
(6)C(1分)
(7)降低反应液的温度,液封Br2及1,2-二溴乙烷,减少其挥发。(2分)
28.(15分)
(1)4(2分)
(2)-41.8 kJ·mol-1(2分)
(3)0.075 mol·L-1· min-1(2分)9(2分)
(4)①<(2分)KA=KB>KC(2分)
②CH3OH-6e-+ H2O = CO2 + 6H+(2分)3(1分)
36.【化学——选修2:化学与技术】(15分)
(1)蒸发结晶(或蒸发)(1分)
(2)BC(2分)
(3)2Cl-+ 2H2O2OH-+ H2↑ + Cl2↑(2分)
(4)NH3CO2(2分)NH3极易溶于水,生成碱性溶液,有利于吸收更多的CO2(2分)
(5)MgCl2+H2O Mg(OH)Cl+HCl(2分)
(6)MgO比MgCl2熔点高,电解MgO比电解MgCl2耗能高(2分)
(7)Mg(OH)2在溶液中存在沉淀溶解平衡:Mg(OH)2Mg2+ + 2OH-,CH3COONH4电离出来的NH4+与OH-结合生成弱电解质NH3H2O,促进Mg(OH)2的沉淀溶解平衡正向移动。(2分)
37.【化学——选修3:物质结构与性质】(15分)
(1)c(1分)
(2)SrTiO3(2分)
(3)M(1分)9(1分)
(4)1s2s2p3s3p3d4s 或[Ar]3d4s
226268282(2分)(5)(2分)CH3CH3(2分)
(6)H8AuCu3(2分)
(7)260(2分)a3NA
38.【化学——选修5:有机化学基础】(15分)
(1)1(1分)2—甲基—2—丙醇(2分)
(2)消去反应(1分)Cu或Ag做催化剂加热(1分)
(3)(2分)
(4)(2分)
(2分)
(5)6(2分)
HOOCCH2CH2COOH(2分)
2014年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
物理参考答案
二、选择题(本题共8小题,每小题6分。在每小题给出的四个选项中,第14~18题只有一项符合题目要求,第19~21题有多项符合题目要求。全部选对的得6分,选对但不全的得3分,有选错的得0分。)
14C15D16C17B18A19AD20AC21AB
22.(1)6(1分)7(1分)(2)0.80(1分)0.96(1分)(3)0.20(3分)
23.(1)(4分)保持R2不变,开关S2接1,调节RP,读出电流表和电压表的示数I1,U1
(2)(4分)Rx'U2U1 I2I1
24.带电粒子在匀强电场中运动时
l=v0t①2分
vyqEt②2分
m
v2分
由①②③得
:v02分
tanvy
v01
进入磁场后做匀速圆周运动,v2
qvBm④2分 R
dR(1sin)⑤2分
解得
:d1)mv02分
qB
1)mv0 qB即磁场宽度d
25.(1)无传送带时,物体由B运动到C,做平抛运动,设物体在B点的速度为vB,则
LvBt①1分
h12gt②1分 2
1分 由①②得
:vB有传送带时,设物体离开传送带时的速度为v1,则有 Lv1t③1分 2
112④1分 mgLmv12mvB22
3L由①②③④得1分
8h
v11分(2)设物体离开传送带时的速度为v2,则
mgRmgR
mgR1212mv2mv0⑤1分 2212mvB⑥1分 2
ODv2t⑦1分
L由②⑤⑥⑦得
:OD2
(3)当皮带的速度vv11分 Lg时,物体P一直减速,物体P离开皮带时的速度等22h
于v1,物体着地点与O点的距离x=L;2分 当皮带速度vLg,物体P一直加速,根据动能定理有 22h
mg
解得v3LL1212mv3mvB1分 2227g1分 8h
所以,当皮带速度LLg7g1分
vL时,x22h8h27g71L。2分 时,x8h2当皮带速度vv3L
33.⑴CDE6分
⑵当锅内压强达到最大时,对限压阀有: PSP0Smg①3分
SD2
4②
5由①②得:P2.41310Pa2分
高压锅内水的沸点将增加
tpp040℃2分 33.510
t100t140℃2分
34.⑴ABD6分
⑵设黄光的临界角为C,则sinC13分 nC302分
所以,有光射出部分的圆弧所对应的圆心角也是C30,对应圆弧的长度为
30R4分 l2R6360
35.⑴ABD6分
⑵设运沙船撞击桥墩的力为F,由动量定理得 Ft0mv4分
解得F=1.5×107N2分 1.2106
非通航孔桥墩的防撞冲击力为F0404105N2分 120
运沙船对非通航孔的撞击力F>4.0×105N,超出非通航孔桥墩防撞击设计标准。1分
第三篇:河南省郑州市2018届高三第二次质量检测文综政治试题
12.随着我国手机行业的发展,自主品牌手机质量与外国品牌手机质量的差别已经很小。自主品牌手机的价格优惠力度不断加大,其他条件不变,则外国品牌手机的需求变动图示是
13.据统计,我国民营企业用近40%的资源,创造了60%以上的GDP,缴纳了50%以上的税收,贡献了70%以上的技术创新和新产品开发,提供了80%以上的就业岗位。为支持民营企业发展,政府可采取的经济措施是
①对违法失信的民营企业实行市场禁人制度 ②着力构建民营企业与政府的新型政商关系 ③对符合条件的民营企业贷款给予利息补贴 ④提高民营企业新购人仪器设备税前扣除上限 A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④
14.可转换公司债券,是指发行人依照法定程序发行、在一定期间内依据约定的条件可以转换成股份的公司债券。可转换公司债券投资者在转换前拥有债权,也可以选择在规定时间内将其持有的债券以事先约定的转股价格转换成指定公司的股票。可转换公司债券的,持有人
①实际上拥有了更为灵恬的投资选择 ②可以选择持有债券到期并收取本息 ③转换前后都享有股东的权剩和义务 ④能够同时享有债券收益和股票收益
A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
15.2017年12月,成都海关和乌鲁木齐海关在全国中欧班列中首创内外贸货物同列运输模式,充分利用蓉欧陕铁进出口的空箱仓位资源,通过内贸箱换外贸箱、空箱换重箱等创新举措全面提升蓉欧快铁双向满载率,实现了通道共享、互惠共赢的中欧班列合作新模式该合作模式的形成
①标志着我国对外开放进入了一个新阶段 ②提升了蓉欧快铁的运行质量和经济效益 ③创新丁流通模式,构建共享型流通体系 ④创新外贸发展模式,增加进出口贸易量 A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④
16.近日,中共中央、国务院决定在全国开展扫黑除恶专项斗争,有力打击震慑黑恶势力犯罪,有效铲除黑恶势力滋生土壤,不断增强人民获得感、幸福感、安全感。扫黑除恶专项斗争旨在
①维护社会大局稳定和国家长治久安 ②保障人民安居乐业和基层政权巩固 ③强化专政,扩大公民权利的保护范围 ④保障人权,提高我国公民的政治地位 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
17.2017年,我国相关部委开展精简行政许可申报材料试点工作。电网工程项目核准、互联网新闻信息服务许可等九个试点事项全流程申报材料得到大幅精简,平均精简比例为29%,最高精简比例达到44%。该试点工作的开展有利于
①优化公共服务,建设服务型政府 ②推进政务公开,提高政府公信力 ③降低交易成本,激发市场的活力 ④提高审批效率,树立政府的权威
A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④
18.习近平主席在新兴市场国家及发展中国家对话会上倡议,金砖国家要积极拓宽“朋友圈”,打造开放多元的发展中国家伙伴网络,建立“金砖+“合作模式,让更多发展中国家参与到团结合作、互利共赢的事业中来。这一倡议
①将使更多的发展中国家受益,推动国际新秩序建立 ②能消除发展中国家间的分歧,扩大彼此合作的空间 ③说明我国积极参与全球治理,不断贡献中国的智慧 ④维护金砖国家同的共同利益,兼顾我国的自身利益 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④ 19.作为一部红色经典,《黄河大合唱》不朽的旋律和歌词背后,是抗日战争这场全民族的血泪记忆和悲壮史诗。近年来《黄河大合唱》被频遭改编,原本承载厚重历史的曲目却被肢解成一个个段子、一句句笑话,成了狂欢搞笑的“佐料”。这给我们的启示是
①多样风格的文化作品是我国文化发展的方向 ②需要加强文化市场的管理而不能够放任自流 ③多样化创新经典作品,充实人们的精神生恬 ④弘扬主旋律经典作品,筑牢民族文化的根基 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
20.面对世界经济的复杂形势和全球性问题,世界的和平与发展需要各国共同努力,发挥共同而有区别的作用。中国正以积极的姿态参与国际事务,发挥负责任大国的作用,推动“人类命运共同体”建设。上述材料包含的哲学方法论是
①坚持客观与主观具体的历史的统一 ②积极发挥主观能动性的基础性作用 ③耍一切以时间、地点和条件为转移 ④用局部的发展推动事物整体的发展
A.①③ B.②③ C.①④ D.③④ 21.170年过去了,但《共产党宣言》的光辉并没有因为时间的流逝而泯灭。联系中国共产党诞生的历史与中国革命、建设、改革的成功实践,使我们感到《共产党宣言》对中国的影响巨大。中国特色社会主义进入新时代,要重新阅读《共产党宣言》。重新阅读《共产党宣言》要求我们
①发挥正确意识对改造客观世界的积极推动作用 ②把《共产党宣言》作为中国共产党的指导思想 ③把《共产党宣言》的智慧融人治国理政实践中 ④在新时代的改革实践中不断否定真理的客观性 A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④ 22.与“和谐号”相比,“复兴号”采用了更先进的安全保障技术,全新低阻力流线型头型设计更加节能,车厢实现WiFi全覆盖,是我国具有完全自主知识产权、达到世界先进水平的中国标准动车组。我国高铁从最早的“洋基因”“混血”“以我为主”,到现在由内而外都是“纯中国”制造。我国高铁的发展印证了
①新事物总是以旧事物作为自己存在和发展的基础 ②在批判性思维推功下实现理论和实践的不断创新 ③坚持在辩证的否定中推动事物向更高的阶段发展 ④辩证否定的实质是保留旧事物中的积极合理因素 A.①③ B。①④ C.②③ D.②④
23卢丽安,从小对大陆有着特殊感情,大学毕业后希望回大陆工作,得到批准进入复旦大学任教,并很快成为最受欢迎的教授之一。在谈到两岸关系时,她说.“我生长在宝岛台湾,我以台湾的女儿为荣,我以生为中国人为傲。我爱台湾、也爱大陆,就像爱自己的爸爸妈妈。”很多台胞朋友和大陆网民为她点赞。上述材料表明
①良好的发展机遇是实现人生价值的决定条件 ②坚持正确的价值取向能促进人生价值的实现 ③个人应站在人民群众的立场上做出正确选择 ④追求个人的个性发展是实现人生价值的基础 A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④ 38.(14分)阅读材料,完成下列要求。
随着经济社会的发展,消费者的消费诉求从追求产品功能为核.。向追求消费体验演进。由于互联网和移动互联网终端大范围普及所带来的用户增长以及传统业务正逐渐萎缩,一批有实力的电商企业积极寻找新的增长动力,开始布局新零售。
2018年年初,某电商的新零售——首家线下生鲜超市正式开业。生鲜超市的商品是根据该电商的大数据,从其后端几十万个自营商品池中精选出来的,使商品的结构独具特色,最大限度贴近附近用户的需求。消费者可以在店内的镜面屏幕上壹询到商品的产地、食用方法等信息,而海鲜等一些商品,可选择交给店内的大厨直接完成烹饪。顾客可通过APP购买,可选择微信支付和刷脸支付。顾客线上购买的商品在S分钟内即可送至配送员手中,以门店为中心的3公里范围内,可享受最快半小时送达服务。
结合材料和所学经济知识,分析新零售产生的原因,并说明新零售是如何更好地满足顾客的消费体验。(14分)
39,(12分)阅读材料,完成下列要求。
宪法是国家的根奉法,是治国安邦的总章程,是党和人民意志的集中体现。我国现行宪法1982年会布施行后,分别于1988年、1993年、1999年和2004年迸行了4次修改。2004年以来,党和国家事业不断开创新局面。党的十九大在新的历史起点上对新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义作出重大战略部署,提出了一系列重大政治论断。根据党的十九大精神对我国现行宪法作出必要的修改完善,把党和人民在实践中取得的重大理论创新、实践创新、制度创新成果通过国家根本法确认下来,使之成为全国各族人民的共同遵循,成为国家各项事业、各方面工作的活动准则。中国共产党第十九届中央委员套第二次全体会议审议通过了《中共中央关于修改宪法部分内客的建议》,并向全国人大常委会提出关于修改宪法部分内容的建议。全国人大常委会在讨论的基础上提出了宪法修正案草案,提请十三届全国人大一次会议审议并获得通过。
结合材料,运用政治生活知识,分析中国共产党提出修改宪法部分内容建议的理论依据以及本次修改宪法的重要意义。(12分)
40(26分)阅读材料,完成下列要求。
乌兰牧骑,1957年诞生于内蒙古大草原,是活跃在农村牧区的流动文艺团队,是草原上的“红色文艺轻骑兵”。
60多年来,乌兰牧骑队员迎风雪、冒寒暑,长期在戈壁、草原上辗转跋涉,以天为幕布,以地为舞台,创作演出了一批承载着乌兰牧骑精神的“接地气、传得开、留得下的优秀作品”。
其中,有表达草原人民用辛勤劳动创造美好家固的《擀毡舞》,有唱出蒙古族韵味和美感的《走马》,有纪念抗战胜利70周年的大型历史剧《青山儿女》……这些作品为广大农牧民送去了欢乐和文明,传递了党的声音和关怀,产生了深远的社会影响力和巨大的社会凝聚力。一些优秀的乌兰牧骑通过将短调民歌、呼麦、马头琴与现代音乐相结台讴歌新人物,为农牧民全面奔小康加油鼓劲。还凭借其“骑着马儿去表演”的独特演出方式走出大草原,走进北京、上海等地,并走出国门,赴德国、比利时等国家演出,取得了良好的经济效益,为自身发展增添了后劲。
如今,乌兰牧骑已经从最初的一支9人队伍发展到75支队伍、3000多名队员,成为“全国文艺战线的一面旗帜”。
(l)乌兰牧骑成为“全国文艺战线的一面旗帜”,运用文化继承与发展的知识说明其成功的原因。(10分)
(2)有人认为:“在市场经济条件下,我国的文艺创作应坚持社会效益服从经济效益。”请运用对立统一的观点对这一看法加以评析。(12分)
(3)在新的时代,面对电视、网络媒体的冲击,请就如何让乌兰牧骑有更大的影响力提出合理化建议。(4分)
2018年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
思想政治 参考答案
一、选择题(每小题4分,共48分)
12.D 13.D 14.A 15.B 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.D 21.B 22.C 23.B
二、非选择题(共52分)
38.(14分)
大数据等新技术为新零售提供技术支持;消费需求升级推动新零售的产生;传统电子商务受到冲击,发展受限;企业对于市场利润的寻找和追逐。(每个要点2分,回答任意三个要点即可得6分)
新零售通过技术手段精准地掌握消费者的需求信息,满足消费者个性化需求;使消费者能及时、全面了解产品信息,放心消费;多样的支付方式和高效的物流配送,使消费更加方便快捷;贴心、全方位的一条龙服务模式,提升消费者的满意度。(每个要点2分,共8分)
39.(12分)
理论依据:坚持中国共产党的领导是社会主义法治的根本要求,宪法的修改也必须坚持党的领导;党依法治国首先是依宪治国,党依法执政关键是依宪执政。(每个要点2分,共4分)
重要意义:本次修改宪法有利于推动宪法与时俱进,维护宪法权威;为推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化提供宪法保障;为我们始终沿着中国特色社会主义道路前进提供根本法制保证;使党的主张上升为国家意志,维护人民的根本利益。(每个要点2分,共8分)
40.(26分)
(1)文化的继承与发展,是同一个过程的两个方面。坚持为人民服务的初心,创作人民群众喜闻乐见的作品;突出民族文化鲜明个性,创新文艺表现形式;传承扎根基层艰苦奋斗的宝贵品质,弘扬乌兰牧骑精神;挖掘红色历史文化资源,传播时代新风。(每个要点2分,共10分)
(2)矛盾双方既对立又统一,在一定条件下相互转化,文艺创作应坚持经济效益与社会效益的统一,巨大社会影响力和社会认可度有利于提高经济效益,经济效益为提高社会效益提供物质保障。应坚持两点论和重点论的统一,文艺创作应坚持把社会效益放首位,经济效益要服从社会效益,在社会主义市场经济条件下,我国的文艺创作要坚持以人民为中心,弘扬社会主义核心价值观,推动社会主义精神文明和物质文明协调发展。(12分)
(3)借助电视、网络媒体进行宣传,扩大乌兰牧骑的知名度;融入更多的时代元素,打造文艺精品;吸引牧民参与到创作和表演中,让广大牧民成为优秀文化的传承者和享用者。(每个要点2分,回答任意两个要点即可得4分)
评分说明:考生非选择题的答案若与参考答案不一致时,只要符合题意,言之有理,均可给分。
第四篇:2018年郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测 英语
2018年郑州市高中毕业年级第二次质量预测英语
二、阅读理解 第一节
A Chinese movie theaters are never running short on youth films.Youth(芳华),directed by Feng Xiaogang, was released in December, 2017 and hit the screen.But this one is different: It is dedicated to the youth of our parents’ generation.Set in the 1970s, the story begins in a military art troupe(部队文工团),in which the soldiers’ duties are to sing, dance and promote culture.He Xiaoping, a newcomer, is a talented dancer.With a painful childhood, she wants to make a fresh start in the troupe, yet her family background makes her the laughing stock(笑柄)among the other girls.The only person who is nice to her is Liu Feng, a kind and unselfish man.In most youth films, the characters’ life paths are only influenced by their own choices.However, the young people in Youth are also a part of “the whirlwind(旋风)of historical changes”, as film critic Justin Chang wrote in the Los Angeles Times.In a period of more than 30 years, they have to experience the Cultural Revolution and the Sino-Vietnamese Conflict, during which Liu Feng loses one arm and He Xiaoping suffers from a mental illness.The disbandment(解散)of the troupe also tears them away from the life and people they are so familiar with, throwing them into a new life they know nothing about.They all have to learn “to make peace with the past and make the most of the present”, wrote reporter Giovanna Fulvi on the website Tiff.net.But there’s still something that never changes about youth.No matter what time of history it is, people share the same longing for love and beauty.Sunshine, laughter and swimming pools—these typical images of youth are all well kept in Mr.Feng’s new films.According to ifeng News, Youth is actually a nostalgic(怀旧的)and personal work that Mr.Feng dedicates to his own experiences of working in a troupe.“When I look back in time, everything in my life seems to be black and white,” he said, “The days in the troupe are the only part of my memory that always remains colorful.”
21.What influenced He Xiaoping’s and Liu Feng’s lives most? A.Historical changes B.Their own personalities C.Their family backgrounds D.Their longing for love and beauty 22.Why did Feng Xiaogang direct the film Youth? A.To show the cruelty of the war.B.To urge people to value their youth.C.To recall the days when he worked in the troupe.D.To describe the life during the Cultural Revolution.23.What do we know about the youth in different generations according to the text? A.They all treat sunshine and laughter as the typical images of themselves.B.In our parents’ generation, they don’t love beauty due to political reasons.C.They long for totally different things varying from generation to generation.D.Though they live in different times, they still have something in common.B Eight years before his death in 1986, Alfred Nobel was surprised to read an obituary(讣告)in the local newspaper.This was a strange obituary, for it told Alfred Nobel, the man who was reading it, that he was dead.The newspaper had confused Alfred with his brother, Ludwig, who had recently died.Nobel was shocked to read that he had passed away, and he was even more annoyed by the title of the obituary: The Merchant of Death Is Dead.Alfred was a very rich and successful armaments manufacturer.(武器制造商)。This incident got him thinking about his reputation.What would people think of him after his real death? Would they really say “That was a man who profited from killing”? It was this thought that led him to leave his money---a huge amount of it---for the founding of the famous Nobel prizes.His aim was for his money to be used to support the ongoing quest(追求)for excellence in the sciences and literature, and the ideal of peace.Thousands of men and women have been honored since the first awards were given out in 1901.The awards let the world know about the developments that may have a huge effect on our lives.However, the prizes are controversial sometimes.There is often protest(抗议)at the award of the peace prize when not everyone thinks that the award-winners deserve the award.Even the award for literature has sometimes been criticized because the award committee often neglects important writers.The highly influential novelists James Joyce and Marcel Proust, for example, were never honored by the Swedish Academy.Still, for the most part of the awards don’t cause many complaints.Alfred Nobel founded the prizes to recognize those who have had “the greatest benefit to mankind” and few would disagree that most of the prizewinners---among them.Albert Einstein and Martin Luther King---have made contribution that deserve to be honored and remembered.24.How did Alfred Nobel feel when he read the obituary in the newspaper? A.Sad and worried B.Shocked and upset.C.Surprised and confused D.Amused and puzzled.25.What did Alfred Nobel decide to do after reading the obituary? A.Seek excellence in the sciences.B.Donate all his money to the charity.C.Stop producing any killing weapons.D.Set up the Nobel prizes with his money.26.Why does the author mention James Joyce and Marcel Proust? A.To show the controversy of some Nobel prizes.B.To give examples of influential Nobel prizes.C.To explain the standard of giving out the Nobel prizes.D.To prove the influence of the Nobel prizes on literature.27.What does the author think of the Nobel prizes? A.There should be more female winners.B.There are too many controversial winners.C.They have honored many worthy winners.D.The committee should be more selective.C Though not as much as in the past, grandparents are the teachers of the Navajo(纳瓦霍人)youth.They make young people aware of life at an early age.The parents allow them the privilege of teaching the children, and the grandparents take great pride in raising them.Young children often stay with their grandparents for years at a time, developing a close and trusting relationship.The grandparents teach them Navajo legends and the principle of life, emphasizing both new culture trends and the preservation of traditions.The grandparents are also the leading figure in teaching the youth the arts of weaving, caring for the livestock, using herbal medicine, and other arts and crafts.The children are taught to respect their elders, care for them, help them and learn from them.Young people are urged to listen with care to the words of their elders and keep as much wisdom as possible.Grandparents often go to social gatherings and traditional events, and young people have opportunities to learn more about their culture and traditions.I lived with my grandmother for thirteen years, and she raised me in the old ways of our people.Although I was going to school, she taught me as much as she could about our traditions.If I had a chance, I would listen again to her wise teachings, expressed with kindness in a soft voice that touched my heart.We used to plant corn and pumpkin every summer.They never grew big enough to feed us, but we planted them anyway.I asked my grandmother why.She said, “Grandson, our plants will be far more beautiful than the flowers outside the fence.” I didn’t understand until one day I saw their beauty as I was coming over the hill with her.She said, “Anything that is a part of you is always far more beautiful than the things which you pass by.” We had some beautiful years together.I’m glad she is a part of me and I’m a part of her.Children used to be well disciplined, possessing more respect for culture, traditions and beliefs than they do now.The world of the Navajo has been influenced by the western world, and the grandparents have less control and influence than they used to.But the young people who have been touched by their teachings have glimpsed a way of life beyond what most people know today.28.What can be inferred from the first paragraph? A.Grandparents are the source of traditional culture.B.Parents hate to take the trouble to raise their children.C.Early schooling isn’t very popular with the young Navajo.D.Children learn about the meaning of life from their grandparents.29.The underlined word “figure” in Paragraph 3 probably means “ ” A.persons B.pioneers C.examples D.representatives 30.Why did the author’s grandmother plant corn and pumpkin? A.She had to feed her family members.B.She tried to make full use of her garden.C.She wanted her grandson to learn a life lesson.D.She expected her grandson to learn about farming.31.What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A.To honor his beloved grandmother.B.To stress the greatness of the Navajo.C.To share with readers a Navajo culture.D.To show the influence of Navajo traditions.D Many years ago, people relied on the sun, the moon and stars to find their way around.Later, the compass was introduced.And now, we have satnav(卫星导航)systems to guide us.A satnav system uses groups of satellites to show the user’s location.They send information to a receiver, such as a smart phone, to show us where we are.The earliest built satnav system is the Global Positioning System, which belongs to the US.Then there is Russia’s Global Navigation(导航)Satellite System, the European Union’s Galileo and China’s own satellite navigation system, BeiDou.On October 14, 2017, an ARJ21-700 plane, which was the first domestically-produced jet equipped with the BeiDou navigation system, successfully completed a test flight.The results showed the performance of the system developed by China matches that of similar systems produced aboard, according to the Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China.Since its introduction in 2000, the Beidou navigation system has seen increasing numbers of applications linked to everyday life, from shared bikes to farming.When it comes to shared bikes, smart locks that support BeiDou chips offer more accurate positioning than others, making it easier to find a bike.Farmers can use BeiDou-enabled tractors to plow(犁)the soil and use unmanned aircraft with BeiDou to sow seeds, which can improve efficiency and make better use of resources.BeiDou’s farming applications have spread from Heilongjiang province to Beijing, Liaoning, Shanxi, Hubei and other regions across China.With its many uses, the Beidou navigation system is even playing a big role in the Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路).“To date, the BeiDou system has covered most parts of the Asia-Pacific region, as well as counties along the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road” said Yang Changfeng, Chief designer of the BeiDou system.Today, there are more than 20 BeiDou satellites above our heads, and China plans to launch even more this year to expand the BeiDou network to better serve the Belt and Road Initiative.“As BeiDou expands its overseas reach, it well be increasingly popular in the logistics(物流)industry,” said Miao Qianjun, secretary-general of the navigation services association.“Ships, for example, can use it to position themselves while sailing across oceans to European countries, no longer limited to Southeast Asian regions in the near future.”
32.What is the purpose of the first two paragraphs? A.To compare some modern satnav systems.B.To describe the benefits of satnav systems.C.To tell us how satnav systems were created.D.To introduce some satnav systems and their functions.33.What can we know about the Bei Dou navigation system according to the article? A.It was used successfully in a new jet plane.B.It is more powerful than other satnav systems.C.It was introduced to China on October 14, 2017.D.It wasn’t used in our everyday life until recently.34.According to the article, the BeiDou navigation system is already widely used for.A.plowing the soil and sowing seeds B.improving the efficiency of networks.C.producing more smart locks for shared bikes.D.navigating ships across oceans to European countries.35.What is Miao Qianjun’s attitude toward the future of the BeiDou system? A.worried B.casual C.positive D.doubtful
第二节(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Whether they're for a teenager or not, all great stories have certain elements: they have interesting characters we enjoy reading about;they show these characters in a world we can recognize and understand.36The main character faces a problem, usually quite a serious one.The thing that most draws us into reading the story is the way the character deals with the problem--whether they get the better of it, or it gets the better of them.Characters in a book for young adults are generally young adults themselves.37 On the one hand, they’re not children anymore.They’re growing up and want to stretch their wings.On the other hand, they're not yet adults.They can’t do certain things, they're not yet able to do them or because the world tells them that they can't.To make things even more complicated, almost all young adults feel at some point that the whole growing-up process is happening too quickly.38 This year, TEENS has selected seven of the ten books nominated(提名)for the US 2017 National Book Awards in the categories of Young people's literature.Some stories are specifically written for teenagers or young adults, meaning that their authors are very sensitive to the “in-between” nature of teenage life.They're about problems that appear for young people because of tensions between them and their parents and teachers, their siblings(兄弟姐妹), or wider society.Often, these problems are presented very seriously by writers.39 At the same time, fiction isn't supposed to be just about the challenges people face in life, but also about how people overcome those problems.40 They discover something about themselves that they never knew before, and which enables them to succeed.And the solution that they find opens the future up to them, setting them on the path to adulthood.A.And they are in a challenging period of life.B.But most importantly, great stories have a central drama.C.To some degree, a challenge brings out the best in a character.D.But that's what teenagers want in fiction: to be taken seriously.E.They want to hold back a little and remain a child a little longer.F.These are stories that someone of any age could pick up and enjoy.G.When closing a good book, we feel we’ve learned something about ourselves.第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空
One autumn morning, I spotted a pair of wild geese on our pond.The beautiful sight caught me by 41 because I’d never seen geese there before.Thinking they would soon leave, I 42 the chance to get close to them.I wondered where they came from and why they had chosen our pond.The next morning, the geese were still my 43.I walked round to the mailbox, showing them I meant to no harm.44 , I couldn't resist getting a 45 look.I hid behind some trees and 46 the handsome pair quietly through the branches.I was surprised to see they were staring at me, too!As days passed, I started 47 to them on my trips to the mailbox.They craned(伸长)their necks and raised their heads 48 , but seemed to realize I was their friend.By then, my curiosity about 49 they were staying so long at the pond changed to 50.As they were feeding in the grass the other day, I discovered the reason for their 51 : the male had a broken left wing.He couldn’t 52 , and his faithful mate wouldn’t leave him behind.I asked a biologist what to do.He explained that sometimes a 53 wing will heal by itself and suggested letting nature take its course.On the first day of November, I was working in the neighborhood of the geese with my tractor.As I bent to fasten a chain from the tractor, I 54 some movement from the corner of my eye.Both geese were running towards the pond.Their wings were 55 like crazy, struggling for takeoff.Gradually, they flew over the pond.They 56 enough altitude to fly past a neighbor’s house, and then circled back towards me, flying no more than 50 feet over my head as if to say goodbye.Then they were out of my 57.The season’s first snowflakes fell the very next day.The birds must have 58 that winter was coming, and it was time to go.I became fond of them during their 59 visit to our pond, and now I miss them.I’ll never forget their 60 to each other.41.A.accident B.surprise C.nature D.fortune 42.A.increased B.created C.deserved D.valued 43.A.guests B.puzzles C.fellows D.friends 44.A.Instead B.Therefore C.Still D.Anyhow 45.A.closer B.quicker C.quieter D.broader 46.A.approached B.calmed C.observed D.protected 47.A.turning B.attending C.driving D.talking 48.A.firmly B.cautiously C.warmly D.proudly 49.A.why B.when C.how D.whether 50.A.sympathy B.rescue C.pleasure D.concern 51.A.companion B.visit C.settlement D.care 52.A.recover B.survive C.fly D.return 53.A.weak B.folded C.broken D.flightless 54.A.held B.caught C.directed D.made 55.A.spreading B.sweeping C.trembling D.beating 56.A.gained B.set C.discovered D.lost 57.A.reach B.sight C.control D.help 58.A.concluded B.indicated C.sensed D.confirmed 59.A.unexpected B.casual C.regular D.short 60.A.contribution B.promise C.treat D.devotion
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡响应的位置上。
Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, traffic jams and pollution from exhaust fumes(废气).So since 2007, the City__ 61___(begin)a plan to improve the situation.Under the Velib scheme(公共自行车计划), people can take a bicycle ,use it as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station.The first half-hour is free,___ 62___if you don’t return it after 30minutes, you have to pay.It’s ¢1 a day or 29 a year.The bicycles are as heavy as 25kilograms, and they are all grey ,and have___63___(basket).There are a large number of them in the city ,and the bicycle stations are more than the subway stations。
Paris isn't the first city_64__(operate)a scheme like this.Not everybody thinks it' s a great idea.One Parisian(巴黎人)said,“These bicycles are only suitable ___65___ short journeys.If people want to travel across the city, they won’t use a bicycle-they'll still use the cars.A city spokesman said, “The bicycle scheme won't solve all our trafficproblems, but it might work in__66___(reduce)air pollution.Traffic, together with factory fumes, ___67___(be)a big problem.Everyone knows about global warming and dramatic climate changes---we know this is partly because rainforests are ___68___(gradual)disappearing.And it's also because there's so much pollution.There aren't any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities, but the bicycles might help people lead a healthier life.___(69)__we do something now, there'll be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get even___(70)___(bad).第三部分 写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1分,共10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其正下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(╲)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词正下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均限一词,请严格按照要求格式修改。
只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Last year my class went on the skiing trip to the mountains.We have already been to the same place the year before and it had been a wonderfully experience.When we arrived at there, It had snowed heavily the day before and there were terrible storm.At breakfast the next day,everyone there told us not to go skiing because of the bad weather, but we decide to go anyway.When we got to the mountain top, that started snowing again.The hotel had given us some sandwiches to take along, so we ate them since we were waiting for the weather to improve.But it didn’t and soon we really felt very frightening.Luckily, I had my cell phone in my bag.I called the emergency services, at last they sent a helicopter to save us.第二节书面表达(满分25分)假定你是李华,你的加拿大笔友Cindy来信说她想了解你的家乡的情况,请 你用英语给她回复,简要介绍你的家乡的地理位置、气候特点、著名景点、主要 物产以及近年来的变化等,并邀请她来做客。注意: 1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
21.A 22.C 23.D 24.B 25.D 26.A 27.C 28.D 29.A 30.C 31.C 32.D 33.A 34.A 35.C 36.B 37.A 38.E 39.D 40.C 41.B 42.D 43.A 44.C 45.A 46.C 47.D 48.B 49.A 50.D 51.B 52.C 53.C 54.B 55.D 56.A 57.B 58.C 59.A 60.D 61.has begun 62.but / yet 63.baskets 64.to operate 65.for 66.reducing 67.is 68.gradually 69.Unless 70.worse
三、短文改错:
Last year my class went on the skiing trip to the mountains.We have already been to the 71.a 72.had same place the year before and it had been a wonderfully experience.73.wonderful When we arrived at there, it had snowed heavily the day before and there were terrible 74 storm.At breakfast the next day, everyone there told us not to go skiing because of the bad 75.storms weather, but we decide to go anyway.When we got to the mountain top, that started snowing 76.decided 77.it again.The hotel had given us some sandwiches to take along, so we ate them since we were
78.while/as/when waiting for the weather to improve.But it didn’t and soon we really felt very frightening.Luckily,79.frightened I had my cell phone in my bag.I called the emergency services, ∧ at last they sent a helicopter
80.and to save us.书面表达
Possible Version I Hi Cindy, I’m happy to receive your letter.Now I’m gladto tell you something about my hometown,Zhengzhou.Zhengzhou, the capital city of Henanprovince, is located in the middle of China.We feel comfortable all year around with a pleasant climate.There are many places of interest here, such asZhengzhouErqiMemorialTower and ShaolinTemple.Also, there issome famous local produce, including garlic, watermelons and Chinese dates.Many highways, flyovers and subway lines have been built in recent years, making it more convenient for us to travel.Everyone’s efforts have paid off, so we havea more enjoyable environment now.Hope one day you can come to my city and I’llshow you around it then.Best wishes,Li Hua Possible Version II Hi Cindy, I’m glad you’re interested in my hometown, and I’m proud to share with you its brief introduction.Zhengzhou, located in Central China, is the capital of Henanprovince.It has four distinct seasons, which bring us beautiful natural scenery and rich agricultural produce, such as dates, garlic and watermelons.As an ancient capital city, Zhengzhou has a long history, making it full of historical scenic spots, ShaolinTemple, for example.It is well-known around the world for its Kung Fu and Buddhism.In recent years, my hometown has greatly developed, becoming a modern busy metropolis, and a trade and transportation center.Welcome to my city and enjoy the special local produce.I believe you’ll love it.Best wishes,Li Hua
第五篇:郑州市2018年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测语文试题
年高中毕业年级第二次质量预测
语文 参考答案
一、现代文阅读(35分)
(一)(9分)
1.B(A项混淆概念。“也是一种简约而深邃的义理之学”错,从原文最后一句看出,“义理之学”跟“忘言得意”不是一个概念。C项范围扩大。原文只说到“忘言得意”论“给文学艺术欣赏者带来了极大的自由”,未提及给“创作者”也带来了“极大的自由”。D项曲解文意。根据原文可知,“中国传统哲学思维的重要的特点”是指“由外而内、由内而外、得之于外、证之于内、内外合一、主客通明”,而不是该项所说的“‘得意’的深浅,取决于认识主体素质的高低”。)2.B(“可直接证明……”理解错误。“可直接证明”的应是“只能就眼前呈现的形象来评论文学艺术的人……根本不够一个真正欣赏者的资格”)
3.C(无中生有。从原文中推不出“……就会更有新意和价值”这一结论。)
(二)(14分)
4.(3分)B(“通过与人的对比……”理解不当,原文是将美而自知和美而不自知两类人加以对比)
5.(5分)①虽然高贵、庄严、仁厚、受人尊重与热爱,但天鹅并不因此而傲慢;②天鹅并不占尽所有的美,并不奢望无瑕与拥有所有优点;③天鹅的飞行高度让它眼界高远,从而更不会对比别人后洋洋自得。(答出一点给1分,答出两点给3分,答出三点给5分。意思对即可)
6.(6分)①本文几乎通篇使用第一人称,娓娓道来,更显真实亲切,易于作者剖析对天鹅认识的心路历程,便于抒发对天鹅的热爱之情;②文末画线处由第一人称转为第二人称,意在将读者拉入作者设置的哲思氛围中深入思考,拉近读者与作者思维之间的距离;③由对天鹅“它”的剖析转为对人类“你”的启示,从而揭示天鹅与人类之间可以共有的美德:拥有高远的眼界,进而拥有开阔的心胸,获得谦和的美德。由物及人,深化了文章的主旨。(每点2分,意思对即可)
(三)(12分)
7.(3分)B(“泛娱乐直播陷入瓶颈期”的原因并非国内直播领域的分化。)
8.(3分)C(“直播答题这种娱乐方式才是未来直播行业发展的方向”不合文意,根据材料三,直播答题只是在“短期来看”有益于直播行业发展。)
9.(6分)存在问题:①某些直播平台传播不良内容;②内容存在同质化倾向;③变现模式固化,成本不断提高;④对用户体验关注不够;⑤用户黏性不强;⑥缺乏稳固的社交和流量基础。
解决措施:①有关部门加强监管,直播平台自觉规范直播行为,杜绝不良内容传播;②着力提升内容质量,避免同质化倾向;③创新运营模式,改善用户体验,吸引更多用户;④学习国外直播平台经验,建立稳固的社交和流量基础。
(“存在问题”3分,答出两点给1分,答出四点给2分,答出六点给3分;“解决措施”3分,答出一点给1分,答出任意三点、大意对即可。如有其他答案,言之成理也可酌情给分。)
二、古代诗文阅读(35分)
(一)(19分)
10.(3分)C(原文:“授常州推官。武宗南巡,江彬纵其党横行州县。将抵常州,民争欲亡匿。时知府暨武进知县咸入觐,曰韬兼绾府县印。”)
11.(3分)B(“缉捕盗贼”不属于御史的职责)
12.(3分)B(“行”意“巡视,巡察”,“行部”意为“巡行所属部域,考核政绩”,而非“率领部队”。)
13.(10分)
(1)常州连年灾害,物资耗尽,没有什么可以给你们吃的(招待你们)。[译出大意给3分;“比岁”(“每年”“连年”“常年”等)、“若曹”(“你们”)两处,每译对一处给1分](2)已经用重金谋取了职位,却想要他不向下面索取补偿,这一定是没有的事情(或“一定没有这样的事情”)。[译出大意给3分;“营”(“谋取”“谋求”等)、“责”(“索取”“求取”“索要”等)两处,每译对一处给1分]
注意:①“关键词”与“大意”不重复扣分;②“关键词”译成近义词也可;③“关键词”翻译从严,“大意”翻译从宽。
(二)(11分)
14.(5分)D、E(D项“让人怅惘不已”不当,诗人的心情应该是轻松愉悦的;E项“青春年少”和“与……形成对比”错误,诗中“青春”指春天,它与“白首”只是形式上的对仗,不是意义上的对比。杜甫有诗句“青春作伴好还乡”。)
15.(6分)①诗人登楼观览的轻松愉快。前两联写诗人登上城门饱览山河风光,直到小市张灯才萌生归意,意兴盎然,轻松愉悦。(如答“对徐州城雄伟壮丽之景的赞叹”给1分)②政局变化、旧友回乡的欣慰喜悦。颈联写元佑党人喜逢新政被召回,被流放贬谪的朋友终于能重回故乡,诗人为此感到喜悦。(如答“‘孤臣白首’的伤感”给1分)③想要归隐江湖又不甘心退出仕途的矛盾心情。尾联写明知自己与富贵无缘,却又不能忘怀功名,自由自在归隐江湖。(每答出一点给2分,其中“情感”1分,“具体分析”1分。如有其他答案,只要言之成理,可酌情给分。)
(三)(5分)16.(5分)
(1)万钟则不辩礼义而受之 万钟于我何加焉(2)夫列子御风而行 泠然善也 旬有五日而后反(每答出一空给1分,有错别字则该空不给分)
三、语言文字运用(20分)
17.(3分)C[①一以贯之:泛指用一种思想理论贯穿于始终。使用正确。②旷日持久:多费时日,拖得很久。此处不合语境。③石破天惊:多用来形容事情或文章议论新奇惊人。使用对象错误。④耳提面命:形容恳切地教导。这里误用为贬义词。⑤改头换面:比喻只改形式,不变内容(含贬义)。使用正确。] 18.(3分)B(A.语序不当,“相关部门”应调至“只有”之后。C.成分残缺,应在“改写”后面加上“造成的”。D.主语“穿山灶”和宾语“烹饪方式”搭配不当。)
19.(3分)C(斧正:敬词,用于请人改自己的文章。此处使用范围错误。A.感念:因感激或感动而思念。使用正确。B.惠赐:为人所赠的敬词或指对方给予了好处。使用正确。D.区区此心:常用作谦词,用来形容微不足道的一点心意或想法。使用正确。)
20.(6分)示例:
①(有些)树木唯有脱尽全身的树叶
②这是由叶子内部的特殊结构造成的(这跟叶面叶背的密度不同有关系)......③损耗的水分养分特别少
(每写出一处给2分。意思对即可。如有其他答案,只要言之成理,可酌情给分)21.(5分)示例:
②一个学校能出高考状元,其师资不一定都是优秀的。③有了优秀的师资,其他进入该校的学生不一定能学得好,考出好成绩。(写出一处给2分,写出两处给5分。意思对即可)
四、写作(60分)
22.立意参考:
(1)从立身行事的角度,整合材料中的①②③,联系现实,谈为人做事,要多接良善、心怀敬畏、注重细节。
(2)从如何对待传统文化的角度,整合①⑤⑥,联系社会现实从正反两方面阐述尊重历史、保护传统文化的重要意义。
(3)从青少年学习创业的角度,整合①③④⑤,结合现实,谈青年人应胸怀远大、珍惜时间、虚心向学、奋发有为。
附文言文参考译文:
张曰韬,字席珍,是莆田人。正德十二年考中进士。被授职常州推官。明武宗南巡,江彬放纵他的党徒横行州县,他们将要抵达常州,百姓争相打算逃亡藏匿。这时知府和武进县知县都去朝见天子了,张曰韬同时掌管知府和县令官印。他召集乡里父老约定说:“江彬的党徒到了,你们要全力与他们对抗。”又释放囚徒,让他们与乞丐各自准备瓦石等待。不久,江彬的党徒果真有很多人马来了。父老们径直在州境上拦住他们,说:“常州连年灾害,物资耗尽,没有什么可以给你们吃的(招待你们)。府中只有一个张推官,一文钱也没有,即便是想准备牲畜饲料,也没办法置办。”说完,江彬的党徒疑心有他变,于是慢慢退去,速派使者禀告江彬。张曰韬立即上书巡按御史说明情况。御史东郊巡视所属地域经过常州,告诉他说:“事情很紧迫啊,江彬将以其他事情为借口逮捕你。”让张曰韬登上自己的船先出发,自己以小船尾随其后。江彬的党徒果真大批到来,搜索张曰韬,误截了御史的船。东郊(表面上)严令抓捕截船的人,暗中却命令慢慢进行。江彬党徒担心御史向皇上报告,都散去了,张曰韬于是幸免。江彬也告诫他的党徒不要扰乱,从此常州以南各府得以安宁。世宗即位,召他为御史。杨廷和等人争论织造利弊的时候,张曰韬也向上进言:“皇上既然称赞阁臣所奏是爱国君同情百姓,这表明知道了织造的危害了。既然已经知道了,却还不停止,实在是由于信任大臣不够专一,而众小人干政啊。自古未有众小人在朝内蒙蔽皇上,而大臣能在朝外尽忠的。崔文等几个小人曾经扰乱先朝,现在又蒙蔽惑乱圣主之心,私下里作威作福。陛下为什么放任他们肆意营私,不早点赶走他们呢?我听说织造这一官职,行贿数万两银子才能得到。已经用重金谋取了职位,却想要他不向下面索取补偿,这一定是没有的事情。”帝不能采用。席书因皇帝的旨意而被任命为尚书,张曰韬与同僚胡琼各自直言上书竭力争辩。受杖刑后,仍然口述奏疏弹劾奸人陈洸的罪行。不久,竟然死去。隆庆初年,被追赠为光禄少卿。