温家宝哥本哈根气候大会讲话2009

第一篇：温家宝哥本哈根气候大会讲话2009

凝聚共识 加强合作 推进应对气候变化历史进程

——在哥本哈根气候变化会议领导人会议上的讲话

中华人民共和国国务院总理 温家宝（２００９年１２月１８日 哥本哈根）

拉斯穆森首相阁下，各位同事：

此时此刻，全世界几十亿人都在注视着哥本哈根。我们在此表达的意愿和做出的承诺，应当有利于推动人类应对气候变化的历史进程。站在这个讲坛上，我深感责任重大。

气候变化是当今全球面临的重大挑战。遏制气候变暖，拯救地球家园，是全人类共同的使命，每个国家和民族，每个企业和个人，都应当责无旁贷地行动起来。

12月18日，中国国务院总理温家宝在哥本哈根出席联合国气候变化大会领导人会议。这是温家宝在会上发表讲话。

近三十年来，中国现代化建设取得的成就已为世人瞩目。在这里我还要告诉各位，中国在发展的进程中高度重视气候变化问题，从中国人民和人类长远发展的根本利益出发，为应对气候变化做出了不懈努力和积极贡献。

——中国是最早制定实施《应对气候变化国家方案》的发展中国家。先后制定和修订了节约能源法、可再生能源法、循环经济促进法、清洁生产促进法、森林法、草原法和民用建筑节能条例等一系列法律法规，把法律法规作为应对气候变化的重要手段。——中国是近年来节能减排力度最大的国家。我们不断完善税收制度，积极推进资源性产品价格改革，加快建立能够充分反映市场供求关系、资源稀缺程度、环境损害成本的价格形成机制。全面实施十大重点节能工程和千家企业节能计划，在工业、交通、建筑等重点领域开展节能行动。深入推进循环经济试点，大力推广节能环保汽车，实施节能产品惠民工程。推动淘汰高耗能、高污染的落后产能，２００６至２００８年共淘汰低能效的炼铁产能６０５９万吨、炼钢产能４３４７万吨、水泥产能１．４亿吨、焦炭产能６４４５万吨。截至今年上半年，中国单位国内生产总值能耗比２００５年降低１３％，相当于少排放８亿吨二氧化碳。

——中国是新能源和可再生能源增长速度最快的国家。我们在保护生态基础上，有序发展水电，积极发展核电，鼓励支持农村、边远地区和条件适宜地区大力发展生物质能、太阳能、地热、风能等新型可再生能源。２００５年至２００８年，可再生能源增长５１％，年均增长１４．７％。２００８年可再生能源利用量达到２．５亿吨标准煤。农村有３０５０万户用上沼气，相当于少排放二氧化碳４９００多万吨。水电装机容量、核电在建规模、太阳能热水器集热面积和光伏发电容量均居世界第一位。

——中国是世界人工造林面积最大的国家。我们持续大规模开展退耕还林和植树造林，大力增加森林碳汇。２００３至２００８年，森林面积净增２０５４万公顷，森林蓄积量净增１１．２３亿立方米。目前人工造林面积达５４００万公顷，居世界第一。

中国有１３亿人口，人均国内生产总值刚刚超过３０００美元，按照联合国标准，还有１．５亿人生活在贫困线以下，发展经济、改善民生的任务十分艰巨。我国正处于工业化、城镇化快速发展的关键阶段，能源结构以煤为主，降低排放存在特殊困难。但是，我们始终把应对气候变化作为重要战略任务。１９９０至２００５年，单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放强度下降４６％。在此基础上，我们又提出，到２０２０年单位国内生产总值二氧化碳排放比２００５年下降４０％－４５％，在如此长时间内这样大规模降低二氧化碳排放，需要付出艰苦卓绝的努力。我们的减排目标将作为约束性指标纳入国民经济和社会发展的中长期规划，保证承诺的执行受到法律和舆论的监督。我们将进一步完善国内统计、监测、考核办法，改进减排信息的披露方式，增加透明度，积极开展国际交流、对话与合作。

12月18日，中国国务院总理温家宝在哥本哈根出席联合国气候变化大会领导人会议。

各位同事，应对气候变化需要国际社会坚定信心，凝聚共识，积极努力，加强合作。必须始终牢牢把握以下几点：

第一，保持成果的一致性。应对气候变化不是从零开始的，国际社会已经为之奋斗了几十年。《联合国气候变化框架公约》及其《京都议定书》是各国经过长期艰苦努力取得的成果，凝聚了各方的广泛共识，是国际合作应对气候变化的法律基础和行动指南，必须倍加珍惜、巩固发展。本次会议的成果必须坚持而不能模糊公约及其议定书的基本原则，必须遵循而不能偏离“巴厘路线图”的授权，必须锁定而不能否定业已达成的共识和谈判取得的进展。

第二，坚持规则的公平性。“共同但有区别的责任”原则是国际合作应对气候变化的核心和基石，应当始终坚持。近代工业革命２００年来，发达国家排放的二氧化碳占全球排放总量的８０％。如果说二氧化碳排放是气候变化的直接原因，谁该承担主要责任就不言自明。无视历史责任，无视人均排放和各国的发展水平，要求近几十年才开始工业化、还有大量人口处于绝对贫困状态的发展中国家承担超出其应尽义务和能力范围的减排目标，是毫无道理的。发达国家如今已经过上富裕生活，但仍维持着远高于发展中国家的人均排放，且大多属于消费型排放；相比之下，发展中国家的排放主要是生存排放和国际转移排放。今天全球仍有２４亿人以煤炭、木炭、秸秆为主要燃料，有１６亿人没有用上电。应对气候变化必须在可持续发展的框架下统筹安排，决不能以延续发展中国家的贫穷和落后为代价。发达国家必须率先大幅量化减排并向发展中国家提供资金和技术支持，这是不可推卸的道义责任，也是必须履行的法律义务。发展中国家应根据本国国情，在发达国家资金和技术转让支持下，尽可能减缓温室气体排放，适应气候变化。

第三，注重目标的合理性。中国有句成语：千里之行，始于足下。西方也有句谚语：罗马不是一天建成的。应对气候变化既要着眼长远，更要立足当前。《京都议定书》明确规定了发达国家至２０１２年第一承诺期的减排指标。但从实际执行情况看，不少发达国家的排放不减反增。目前发达国家已经公布的中期减排目标与协议的要求和国际社会的期望仍有相当距离。确定一个长远的努力方向是必要的，更重要的是把重点放在完成近期和中期减排目标上，放在兑现业已做出的承诺上，放在行动上。一打纲领不如一个行动，我们应该通过切实的行动，让人们看到希望。

第四，确保机制的有效性。应对气候变化，贵在落实行动，重在机制保障。国际社会要在公约框架下做出切实有效的制度安排，促使发达国家兑现承诺，向发展中国家持续提供充足的资金支持，加快转让气候友好技术，有效帮助发展中国家、特别是小岛屿国家、最不发达国家、内陆国家、非洲国家加强应对气候变化的能力建设。

最后，我要强调的是，中国政府确定减缓温室气体排放的目标是中国根据国情采取的自主行动，是对中国人民和全人类负责的，不附加任何条件，不与任何国家的减排目标挂钩。我们言必信、行必果，无论本次会议达成什么成果，都将坚定不移地为实现、甚至超过这个目标而努力。

谢谢！

第二篇：哥本哈根世界气候大会演讲稿

哥本哈根世界气候大会

我先来介绍一下哥本哈根气候大会

哥本哈根世界气候大会全称是《联合国气候变化框架公约》第15次缔约方会议暨《京都议定书》第5次缔约方会议，这一会议也被称为哥本哈根联合国气候变化大会，于2009年12月7日—18日在丹麦首都哥本哈根召开。12月7日起，192个国家的环境部长和其他官员们在哥本哈根召开联合国气候会议，商讨《京都议定书》一期承诺到期后的后续方案，就未来应对气候变化的全球行动签署新的协议。这是继《京都议定书》后又一具有划时代意义的全球气候协议书，毫无疑问，对地球今后的气候变化走向产生决定性的影响。这是一次被喻为“拯救人类的最后一次机会”的会议。会议在现代化的Bella中心举行，为期两周。

这次气候大会焦点问题主要问题集中在“责任共担”。

气候科学家们表示全球必须停止增加温室气体排放，并且在2015到2020年间开始减少排放。科学家们预计想要防止全球平均气温再上升2℃，到2050年，全球的温室气体减排量需达到1990年水平的80%。

各国对这次大会的态度是怎么样的呢？让我来介绍一下 首先是中国

从全球来讲，共有192个国家参加了全球气候保护协定《联合国气候变化框架公约》，并于 1997年签订了《京都议定书》，承诺在2012年前共同削减温室气体排放、并帮助脆弱地区应对变暖带来的灾害。而中国也已经从科学和社会发展等多方面认识到了气候变化的巨大影响，并且开始进行着积极的应对。我国于2005年通过了第一部《可再生能源利用法》。在这个积极政策的引导下，截至2008年底，我国风电发电量128亿度，比上年增加126.79%。风力发电已经成为这场能源革命中的主要力量。我国也已成为全球最大的光伏产业基地，去年太阳能发电量达到1.1GW，占全球太阳能发电总量的27.5%。此外，我国还提出了到2010 年实现单位国内生产总值能源消耗比2005年降低20%左右、到2010年努力实现森林覆盖率达到20%、2020年可再生能源在能源结构中的比例争取达到16%等一系列目标。

下面是其他主要国家的态度

美国：减排4%目标亦难以承诺。奥巴马上任之初曾希望借助自己的超高人气，推动美国在哥本哈根会议前通过一项气候法案，尽管美国的承诺仅相当于在1990年基础上减排温室气体4%左右，与发展中国家期望的仍有巨大差距。

欧盟：承诺于2050年减排95%。欧洲在气候变化问题上试图重新确立自己的国际领导地位，指出如果哥本哈根峰会能够达成气候变化协议，欧洲将在2050年前削减高达95%的温室气体排放，在2020年前减少30%。

印度：印度环境部长拉梅什3日宣布，印度将在2020年前将其单位国内生产总值(GDP)二氧化碳排放量在2005年的基础上削减20%～25%。

英国：2009年英联邦政府首脑会议28日发表《西班牙港气候变化共识：英联邦气候变化宣言》，强调在哥本哈根联合国气候变化会议上各方应该达成有法律约束力的协议，发达国家应该对困难国家给予帮助，尤其是资金援助。

澳大利亚：澳大利亚国会参议院2日却再度否决了澳工党政府提出的气候变迁法案，这使得澳总理陆克文将空手赴会。澳大利亚是全球最大的煤碳出口国，澳人均排放量超过美国。提议未来十年内温室气体排放量将较2000年减少5%到15%。《京都议定书》公约将参加国分为三类

1.工业化国家。这些国家答应要以1990年的排放量为基础进行削减。承担削减排放温室气体的义务。如果不能完成削减任务，可以从其他国家购买排放指标。美国是唯一一个没有签署《京都议定书》的工业化国家。

2.发达国家。这些国家不承担具体削减义务，但承担为发展中国家进行资金、技术援助的义务。

3.发展中国家。不承担削减义务，以免影响经济发展，可以接受发达国家的资金、技术援助，但不得出卖排放指标。

哥本哈根世界气候大会结果

据中国日报网消息：综合外国媒体报道，本该于当地时间12月18日在丹麦首都哥本哈根闭幕的联合国气候变化大会一直拖延到了19日，尽管如此，大会依然未能通过具有法律约束力的正式决议，在一些至关重要的议题上，大会未能取得实质性进展

我觉得联合国既然开了这个会议，虽然没有结果，但是我们也应该减少世界的碳排放，我们既然在以前已经犯了不可挽回的破坏环境的错误，就应该早点行动起来，弥补这个错误，不要再像这幅图所展示的一样了。不要让2012的悲剧变成现实。

第三篇：大学生思想汇报：哥本哈根世界气候大会

一起来欣赏以下这一份关于大学生的思想汇报范文——哥本哈根世界气候大会，仅供浏览。

敬爱的汽车学院党组织：

经过一段时间老师的培训和学院开展的《博雅小讲堂》等活动以及自己平时对时事政治的积累。本人在思想上积极要求上进，在工作中向党员看齐，对党的认识更加深刻。现忠诚地将本人的近期思想汇报如下：

2011年12月7－18日在丹麦首都哥本哈根召开了《哥本哈根世界气候大会》。来自192个国家的谈判代表召开峰会，商讨《京都议定书》一期承诺到期后的后续方案，即2012年至2020年的全球减排协议。基于现实困境，各国政府、非政府组织、学者、媒体和民众都非常关注本次哥本哈根世界气候大会，哥本哈根的议题在近一年来一直是各大国际外交场合的重点议题。美国总统奥巴马以及中国国家xx已经多次就此话题表态。而中美两国对气候变化议题的态度一直都是全球媒体的最佳关注重点。

会议的焦点问题主要问题集中在“责任共担”。

气候科学家们表示全球必须停止增加温室气体排放，并且在2015到2020年间开始减少排放。科学家们预计想要防止全球平均气温再上升2℃，到2050年，全球的温室气体减排量需达到1990年水平的80%。

但是哪些国家应该减少排放？该减排多少呢？比如，经济高速增长的中国最近已经超过美国成为最大的二氧化碳排放国。但在历史上，美国排放的温室气体最多，远远超过中国。而且，中国的人均排放量仅为美国的四分之一左右……

学过地理的人都知道，在美丽的南太平洋镶嵌着许多风景绮丽的岛国，位于斐济以北的岛国图瓦卢就是其中亮丽的一个。然而，图瓦卢人却面临着灭顶之灾，大约在50年以后，这个美丽的岛国将沉没于大洋之中。在世界地图上，人们将也找不到这个国家的位置。而今气候变化的问题早已远远的超越了单纯的科学问题，环境问题的范畴，成为关系人类社会未来发展的重大战略性问题。

气候变化是一种无声的危机，正在严重影响着人类的生活，目前全球每年有30万人死于气候变化引起的各种问题。就如我们国家的玉树地震、西南部的旱灾、以及近期的洪涝灾害等等。让我不经的想到我们的地球快要承受不住这样的气候压力了。气候变化造成的经济损失每年高达1250亿美元，这比每年给予发展中国家的援助款要高的多。气候变化给我们国家带来的种种灾难不仅给我们国家的经济造成极大的损失，而且还在农业和工业上个我国造成了极大的影响。

随着科学认知的深化和国际气候谈判的推进，全球对气候变化的问题的关注达到了空前的程度。12月19日下午，联合国气候变化大会在丹麦哥本哈根落下帷幕。全世界119个国家的领导人和联合国及其专门机构和组织的负责人出席了会议。会议的规模及各方面对会议的关注足以体现出国际社会对应对气候变化问题的高度重视，以及加强气候变化国际合作，共同应对挑战的强烈政治意愿，并向世界传递了合作应对气候变化的希望和信心。

我们无法去预计未来将会再发生什么样的灾难，但是我们可以通过我们全球人们的共同努力去防御、阻止灾难的发生。所以，让我们凝聚起更大的力量、更多的智慧，以更坚定的信念、更旺盛的斗志共同努力的去保护我们周围的环境、减少污染排放等等。作为一名当代大学生以及一名党员积极分子，我们更应该把理论与实际结合起来实事求是的做到我们应该做的，让我们身边周围的每一位朋友、同学都意识到气候变化的问题。一起创建美好的未来。

以上是我的思想汇报，恳请党组织给予批评帮助。

此致

敬礼！

第四篇：哥本哈根气候大会中国发言稿 中英

Today world leaders, including Wen Jiabao, the Chinese premier, will gather in Copenhagen.Deal or no deal, they know that there must be a global effort to tackle climate change.China is upbeat about the prospect.今天，包括中国总理温家宝在内的世界各国领导人齐聚哥本哈根。不论能否达成协议，他们认识到全球应携手共同应对气候变化。中方对会议前景表示乐观。In the United Nations Development Programme's Billion Trees campaign, the Chinese people planted 2.6 billion trees, two per person and more than any other country in the world.It has become fashionable for young couples to plant trees to celebrate their weddings.在联合国环境署倡议的“全球10亿棵树”活动中，中国人种了26亿棵树，也就是人均2棵，居全球首位。新婚夫妇种树留念成为时尚。

What is more, in the stimulus package of more than ￡400 billion to tackle the financial crisis, about 15 per cent is, or will, be invested in projects related to addressing climate change and improving the environment.为应对国际金融危机，中国在新增4000多亿英镑的经济刺激方案中，应对气候变化、改善环境的投资达15%。

China recently announced compulsory and verifiable targets for 2020 based on 2005 levels: bringing down CO2 emissions per unit of GDP by 40 to 45 per cent;increasing the proportion of non-fossil energy to 15 per cent;and expanding forest coverage by 40?million hectares, which is more than 1.5 times the size of Britain.中方最近宣布了2020年行动目标：单位GDP二氧化碳排放比2005年下降40－45%，非化石能源比重达15%，森林面积比2005年增加4000万公顷，这个面积相当于英国领土的1.5倍。这些指标是约束性、可核查的。

But fulfilling these targets will cost an additional ￡39 per household annually for the next 10 years, and we have to remember that China remains a developing country.Its per capita GDP has just passed $3,000(￡1,830)– Britain reached this level as early as 1913.China has 150 million people living on less than $1(61p)a day.For them, the most basic things we take for granted, such as water and electricity, are beyond reach.为实现上述目标，未来10年，中国每户家庭每年要多支出64美元。别忘了，中国仍是发展中国家，人均GDP刚超过3000美元，相当于英国在1913年的水平。中国尚有1.5亿人每天生活费不足1美元。我们熟视无睹的最基本生活需求，比如说清洁水、电对这些人而言都是不可及的。In the north-west of the country, for example, clean water is so scarce that farmers in a village in Gansu province only take three baths in their entire life, at birth, marriage and death.If we cannot ask rich people to give up their houses and cars, who are we to tell those farmers in China that they have no right to have what others have? 例如，在中国西北的甘肃省，有的地方非常缺水，一个村子的农民一辈子只洗三次澡，出生的时候、结婚的时候、死的时候。如果我们不能要求富人放弃洋房、汽车，我们能告诉那些中国农民：你们无权拥有他人拥有的生活吗？

China's difficult mission is to enable all of its 1.3 billion people to have the opportunity to realise their dreams, but to achieve them in an environmentally responsible way.中国的使命在于，如何使13亿人都有机会实现他们的梦想，但要以对环境负责的方式来实现。

Yes, China is the world's largest CO2 emitter, but we have condensed two centuries of industrialisation into just 30 years.And when it comes to per capita figures, China's emissions are only a quarter those of the United States and half of Britain's.You can hardly call China energy greedy.确实，中国已成为全球第一大温室气体排放国，但我们是用30年的浓缩时间，走西方国家两个世纪的工业化进程。就人均排放量而言，中国是4.6吨，仅为美国的四分之一，英国的二分之一，不能说中国是“对能源贪婪”。

This is why we believe the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities” should be respected.Developed countries should take the lead in helping developing countries – they cannot be compared like for like.正是由于这个原因，我们认为应尊重“共同但有区别的责任”。发达国家在帮助发展中国家应对气候变化方面应率先承担责任，二者完全不能类比。China is willing to play a constructive role in Copenhagen.Climate change is a global challenge requiring global solutions.We look forward to close co-operation with the world in this process.中方愿在哥本哈根会议上发挥建设性作用。气候变化是全球性挑战，应寻求全球性解决方案，我们期待着在这一过程中与世界各国密切合作。

第五篇：温家宝总理在哥本哈根气候峰会上的讲话(英语)

Full text of Chinese premier's address at Copengagen

Climate Change Summit

Prime Minister Rasmussen, Dear Colleagues，At this very moment, billions of people across the world are following closely what is happening here in Copenhagen.The will that we express and the commitments that we make here should help push forward mankind's historical process of combating climate change.Standing at this podium, I am deeply aware of the heavy responsibility.Climate change is a major global challenge.It is the common mission of the entire mankind to curb global warming and save our planet.It is incumbent upon all of us, each and every country, nation, enterprise and individual to act, and act now in response to this challenge.The past 30 years have seen remarkable progress in China's modernization drive.Let me share with you here that China has taken climate change very seriously in the course of its development.Bearing in mind the fundamental interests of the Chinese people and mankind's long-term development, we have exerted unremitting effort and made positive contribution to the fight against climate change.China was the first developing country to adopt and implement a National Climate Change Program.We have formulated or revised the Energy Conservation Law, Renewable Energy Law, Circular Economy Promotion Law, Clean Production Promotion Law, Forest Law, Grassland Law and Regulations on Civil Building Efficiency.Laws and regulations have been an important means for us to address climate change.China has made the most intensive efforts in energy conservation and pollution reduction in recent years.We have improved the taxation system and advanced the pricing reform of resource products with a view to putting in place at an early date a pricing mechanism that is responsive to market supply and demand, resource scarcity level and the cost of environmental damage.We have introduced 10 major energy conservation projects and launched an energy conservation campaign involving 1,000 enterprises, bringing energy-saving action to industry, transportation, construction and other key sectors.We have implemented pilot projects on circular economy, promoted energy-saving and environment-friendly vehicles and supported the use of energy-saving products by ordinary households with government subsidies.We have worked hard to phase out backward production facilities that are energy intensive and heavily polluting.The inefficient production capacity that China eliminated between 2006and 2008 stood at 60.59 地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

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million tons for iron, 43.47 million tons of steel, 140 million tons for cement and 64.45 million tons for coke.By the end of the first half of this year, China's energy consumption per unit of GDP had dropped by 13 percent from the 2005 level, equivalent to reducing 800 million tons of carbon dioxide.--China has enjoyed the fastest growth of new energy and renewable energy.On the basis of protecting the eco-environment, we have developed hydro power in an orderly way, actively developed nuclear power, and encouraged and supported the development of renewable energy including biomass, solar and geothermal energy and wind power in the countryside, remote areas and other places with the proper conditions.Between 2005 and 2008,renewable energy increased by 51 percent, representing an annual growth rate of 14.7 percent.In 2008, the use of renewable energy reached an equivalent of 250 million tons of standard coal.A total of 30.5 million rural households gained access to bio-gas, equivalent to a reduction of 49 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions.China ranked first in the world in terms of installed hydro power capacity, nuclear power capacity under construction, the coverage of solar water heating panels and photovoltaic power capacity.--China has the largest area of man-made forests in the world.We have continued with the large-scale endeavor to return to farmland to forest and expand a forestation, and made vigorous effort to increase forest carbon sink.Between 2003 and 2008, China's forest coverage registered a net increase of 20.54 million hectares and forest stock volume rose by 1.123 billion cubic meters.The total area of man-made forests in China has reached 45million hectares, the largest in the world.China has a 1.3 billion population and its per capita GDP has only exceeded 3,000 U.S.dollars.According to the U.N.standards, we still have 150 million people living below the poverty line and we therefore face the arduous task of developing the economy and improving people's livelihood.China is now at an important stage of accelerated industrialization and urbanization, and, given the predominant role of coal in our energy mix, we are confronted with special difficulty in emission reduction.However, we have always regarded addressing climate change as an important strategic task.Between 1990 and 2005, China's carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP were reduced by 46 percent.Building on that, we have set the new target of cutting carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 40-45 percent by 2020 from the 2005 level.To reduce carbon dioxide emissions on such a large scale and over such an extended period of time will require tremendous efforts on our part.Our target will be incorporated into China's mid-and-long term plan for national economic and social development as a mandatory one to ensure that its implementation is subject to the supervision by the law and public opinions.We will further enhance the domestic-statistical, monitoring and evaluation methods, improve the way for releasing emission reduction information, increase transparency and actively engage in international exchange, dialogue and cooperation.地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

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Dear Colleagues，To meet the climate challenge, the international community must strengthen confidence, build consensus, make vigorous effort and enhance cooperation.And we must always adhere to the following three principles:

First, maintaining the consistency of outcomes:

The campaign against climate change has not just started.In fact, the international community has been engaged in this endeavor for decades.The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol are the outcomes of long and hard work by all countries.They reflect the broad consensus among all parties and serve as the legal basis and guide for international cooperation on climate change.And as such, they must be highly valued and further strengthened and developed.The outcome of this conference must stick to rather than obscure the basic principles enshrined in the Convention and the Protocol.It must follow rather than deviate from the mandate of the “Bali Roadmap”.It should lock up rather than deny the consensus and progress already achieved in the negotiations.Second, upholding the fairness of rules:

The principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities ”represents the core and bedrock of international cooperation on climate change and it must never be compromised.Developed countries account for 80 percent of the total global carbon dioxide emissions since the Industrial Revolution over 200 years ago.If we all agree that carbon dioxide emissions are the direct cause for climate change, then it is all too clear who should take the primary responsibility.Developing countries only started industrialization a few decades ago and many of their people still live in abject poverty today.It is totally unjustified to ask them to undertake emission reduction targets beyond their due obligations and capabilities in disregard of historical responsibilities, per capita emissions and different levels of development.Developed countries, which are already leading an affluent life, still maintain a level of per capita emissions that is far higher than that of developing countries, and most of their emissions are attributed to consumption.In comparison, emissions from developing countries are primarily survival emissions and international transfer emissions.Today, 2.4 billion people in the world still rely on coal, charcoal, and stalks as main fuels, and 1.6 billion people have no access to electricity.Action on climate change must be taken within the framework of sustainable development and should by no means compromise the efforts of developing countries to get rid of poverty and backwardness.Developed countries must take the lead in making deep quantified emission cuts and provide financial and technological support to developing countries.This is an unshirkable moral responsibility as well as a legal obligation that they must fulfill.Developing countries should, with the financial and technological support of 地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

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developed countries, do what they can to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change in the light of their national conditions.And third, paying attention to the practicality of the targets:

There is a Chinese proverb which goes, “A one-thousand-mile journey starts with the first step.” Similarly, there is a saying in the West which reads, “Rome was not built in one day.” In tackling climate change, we need to take a long-term perspective, but more importantly, we should focus on the present.The Kyoto Protocol has clearly set out the emission reduction targets for developed countries in the first commitment period by 2012.However, a review of implementation shows that the emissions from many developed countries have increased rather than decreased.And the mid-term reduction targets recently announced by developed countries fall considerably short of the requirements of the Convention and the expectations of the international community.Itis necessary to set a direction for our long-term efforts, but it is even more important to focus on achieving near-term and mid-term reduction targets, honoring the commitments already made and taking real action.One action is more useful than a dozen programs.We should give people hope by taking credible actions.Fourth, ensure the effectiveness of institutions and mechanisms:

Concrete actions and institutional guarantee are essential to our effort on tackling climate change.The international community should make concrete and effective institutional arrangements under the Convention and urge developed countries to honor their commitments, provide sustained and sufficient financial support to developing countries, speed up the transfer of climate-friendly technologies and effectively help developing countries, especially small island states, least developed countries, landlocked countries and African countries, strengthen their capacity in combating climate change.I wish to conclude by underlining that it is with a sense of responsibility to the Chinese people and the whole mankind that the Chinese government has set the target for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions.This is a voluntary action China has taken in the light of its national circumstances.We have not attached any condition to the target, nor have we linked it to the target of any other country.We will honor our word with real action.Whatever outcome this conference may produce, we will be fully committed to achieving and even exceeding the target.Thank you.地址：山西省太原市和平南路45号英语周报社网络中心

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