第一篇：2000年3月英语高级口译考试笔试真题
2000年3月英语高级口译考试笔试真题+音频+答案 英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试
SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)Part A: Spot Dictation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear.the passage ONLY ONCE.For centuries Oxford has been at Britain's intellectual heart, perhaps the___________(1)among Europe's many ancient universities.It is an exclusive greenhouse in which the country's _____________(2)are bred, and it lies only 50 miles from London, close to the centers of power Parliament, the Law Courts and the City.Oxford University has _____________(3)from all over the world who have gone on to achieve the highest position in their own countries _____________(4), administration, science and the arts.Oxford alumini include _____________(5), literary figures and such overseas politicians as American President Bill Clint on and former Pakistani _____________(6)Benazir Bhutto.Fewer positions _____________(7)are grander than being head of an Oxford college.Usually the post _____________(8)of diplomat, administrator and academic.As Sir Roger Bannister, former Master of Pembroke College, put it :“_____________(9)was a new challenge.You have to recognize _____________(10)of the students and you have to help _____________(11).The three-year period students spend at Oxford is the most important of their lives;it _____________(12)and the friendships they form in their university days will _____________(13).”
Every year, _____________(14)from home and abroad only a few hundred are chosen by each college through an increasingly _____________(15).Once they are accepted, the
undergraduates benefit from _____________(16).The most notable and the rarest of these privileges in the one to one tutorial, at which a student _____________(17)to the tutor.It is a personal system that goes back to the 13th century.The relationship of _____________(18)that can develop between teacher and pupil over three years can be lasting as it is_____________(19).Years after students have left the university, they often return to their tutors _____________(20).Part B: Listening Comprehension
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1.(A)primary school principal.(B)A teacher of English and other subjects.(C)A short-story writer
(D)A poet.2.(A)The USA.(B)Britain.(C)Singapore.(D)Malaysia.3.(A)Education in Singapore.(B)Poems and short stories.(C)English medium schools.(D)A research project.4.(A)She's going to write some poems herself.(B)She will have some poems published.(C)She wants to use poems which are already published.(D)She wants the children to write poems.5.(A)Only the man is pleased.(B)Only the woman is pleased.(C)Both of them are pleased.(D)Neither of them is pleased.Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6.(A)The digging of a major tunnel was slowing down.(B)A water supply project failed because of unexpected difficulties.(C)Eight people were killed in a train accident.(D)A helicopter was reported missing.7.(A)To go on providing humanitarian aid.(B)To increase the food supply.(C)To revise the oil-for-food programme.(D)To lift the embargo on his country.8.(A)To cut down on the US military presence in Europe.(B)To increase the European Union's military influence.(C)To make combined efforts to sustain its economic growth.(D)To take concrete actions to stop arms race.9.(A)Sex discrimination in the U.S troops is far less obvious than in other fields of American life.(B)Race relations have considerably improved in the US military.(C)There are more black or Hispanic officers in the armed services than before.(D)Many minority military personnel complained about negative race relations.10.(A)4.4%.(B)11.2%(C)14.4%.(D)44%.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11.(A)The language used by the locals.(B)Driving on the wrong side of the road.(C)Naming of the same objects in different ways.(D)All different types of bright colours on men.12.(A)“Chips ”and “crisps ”.(B)“Queue”and “line”.(C)“Fries”and “potato”.(D)“Mate”and “Love”.13.(A)He has a generally negative view of Britain and the British.(B)He is interested in getting to know Britain.(C)He is not happy in Britain.(D)He feels completely at home in Britain.14.(A)So many men wear earrings in one of their ears.(B)People here are politically radical.(C)Young women often wear black.(D)Everyone looks like Madonna.15.(A)Because Britain has a close affinity with the USA.(B)Because Britain has been so much affected by US policies.(C)Because Britain is closer to continental Europe than the USA.(D)Because Britain is more concerned now with world affairs than it used to be.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16.(A)Local government in parts of Britain.(B)Education at Oxford University.(C)The financing of a university by a county council.(D)Council housing in England and Wales.17.(A)Two.(B)Three.(C)Four.(D)Five.18.(A)Housing and local plans.(B)Highways, libraries and museums.(C)Dustbin collection and environmental health.(D)Swimming baths.19.(A)The Minister of Education is elected every four years.(B)The Minister of Education meets regularly with county councilors.(C)Most of the county councilors on the Education Committee are Paid officials.(D)County councils actually run the schools and colleges in the area.20.(A)The employment of qualified teachers.(B)The role of parents in school education.(C)The question of pupil-teacher ratio.(D)The communication between parents and teachers.SECTION 2: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)
Questions 1～5
You've insulated the attic, installed triple-glazed windows, and bought high-efficiency appliances.Can you make your home any more eco-friendly? For an increasing number of Americans, the answer is yes.You can let nature help cut your utility bill.It may be as simple as replacing outdoor lights with solar-powered fixtures or signing up for your unility' s “green power”program.Thanks to rapidly improving technology and government subsidies, thousands of Americans living in remote locations are finding it can be cheaper to use the sun and wind than fossil fuels.Don't cut your ties to the local utility just yet.But while renewable energy won't replace coal and natural gas soon(or ever, critics contend), consumers have more choice in their energy mix than ever before.Many are choosing to go “green” at least a bit.And they're not all whole-bran environmentalists.Rodman Montello runs a gas station here in Hebbronville, Texas.But when he wanted to bring electricity to his cabin eight miles out of town, he went solar.The reason was simple.The utility wanted $100，000 to extend its electric line to his cabin.Mr.Montalvo paid less than $8,000 for his solar system.“It's all right so far, ”he says, looking up at the three solar panels that run a few lights, a fan, and a TV inside.“I can run power tools.”
Others, of course, take a more enthusiastic line.“There's a new focus on renewables,” says Thomas White, chairman and chief executive of Enron Renewable Corporation, which has completed the world s largest wind farm in Minnesota.“My feeling is that we are at the point in time where the personal computer was in the late70s,adds Mac Moore, director of business development for BP Solar, one of the largest manufacturers and 3
marketers of solar electric systems in the world.“Over the next 10 years, if things go well, there going to be a revolutionary change in the way that we obtain power.”
Wind power represents an even more compelling argument for remote homeowners.Turbines have become so much more efficient over the past decade that homeowners a quarter-mile from a utility line may find it cheaper to put up a wind turbine than to pay the utility to extend its service.But for most consumers, barriers remain.For one thing, renewable energy systems are expensive to install and require more than a decade before consumers see a payback.Even a good deal on solar panels in a high-sun area would still cost a typical homeowner 30 to 40 cents a kilowatt-hour for electricity, estimates Bob Johnson, industry analyst with Strategies Unlimited, a technology-research firm in Mountain View, Calif.That s far above the six to 15 cents that Americans typically pay their local utility, he adds.Small-scale wind turbines are much more competitive-anywhere from 8 to 15 cents a kilowatt-hour, says Mike Bergey, president of Bergey Windpower in Norman, Okla.But they still require a $30,000 to $35,000 investment up front and it would take most homeowners 15 to 20 years before they'd see any payback.There are other drawbacks.Since these systems only produce energy intermittently, there's no guarantee homeowners can store enough energy to run their homes when the sun isn't shining or the wind blowing.Then there's aesthetics.Will the neighbors accept those solar panels on your roof? Do you want a 100-foot-high wind turbine humming in your backyard like a muffled helicopter? That's why companies like Bergey Windpower are targeting rural residents in the United States especially those in states such as California, which will pay up to half the cost of installing renewable-energy systems.1.According to the passage, which of the following should be considered sources of renewable energy?
(A)Petroleum, sunlight and windpower.(B)Gas, water and fossil fuels.(C)Coal, natural gas and hydropower.(D)Sunlight, water and windpower.2.The function of the sentence “Don t cut your ties to the local utility just yet.”(Para.2)is _______.(A)to state the thesis of the passage
(B)to serve as a summary of the passage
(C)to play the role of transition
(D)to lead to a counter-argument in the following paragraphs
3.The sentence “we are at the point in time where the personal computer was in the late 70s”(Para.4)suggests which of the following?
(A)The greatest breakthrough of computer technology was in the late'70s.(B)A great change in renewable energy technology will occur quite soon.(C)The “green power”program and the development of personal computer are of equal significance.(D)Solar energy will replace all other energies in about ten years' time.4.It can be concluded from the passage that the author_______.(A)does not reveal his personal view towards the use of renewable energy
(B)makes a systematic comparison between non-renewable energy and renewable energy
(C)displays an objective view towards the application of renewable energy
(D)does not side with the environmentalists
5.It can be inferred from the passage that more people will ______.(A)use both non-renewable and renewable energy
(B)stick to the use of local utility
(C)not be used to renewable energy
(D)use renewable energy only
Questions 6～10
You saw the stories of the embarrassment at Encyclopedia Britannica last week as the company's highly advertised free Web site was jammed into nonfunctioning.The stories were of some 10 million hits a day clogging the site, www.xiexiebang.com;of three separate apologies given to would be users of the free reference service;of promises to get the thing up and running, perhaps as early as this week.More striking, though, is what the stories didn't say: What an extraordinary thing it is that people around the world suddenly have access free access to knowledge that would have been the envy of a university professor earlier in my own lifetime.As for ordinary people, I remember how the encyclopedia salesmen would come around with their sample volumes, their memorized spiels and their offers of “easy”terms if you'd only sign up for Compton's or world book.Owning an encyclopedia or “a set of encyclopedias”, as we used to say was a pretty big deal for families of modest means, an unaffordable luxury for many of the folk in my hometown.And now it's all free or will be as soon as Britannica works out the bugs.The reason it's free is the Britannica, whose hard-copy sales are down some 80 percent since 1990, is forced to compete with Microsoft-s dominant Encarta Encyclopedia.But the encyclopedia isjust one small illustration of the explosion both in knowledge and in our access to it since Thomas Jefferson's modest book collection formed the nucleus of the Library of Congress.Not only does my own house now contain more books than Jefferson ever owned, but my access to public libraries, bookstores and, of course, the Web, gives my family information resources beyond the imagination of world-class scholars a short time ago.I've just had a phone call from a friend who tells me that, in preparation for an upcoming trip to Benin, she's downloaded 75 to 100 pages of information, from a score of sites, on that West African country information on everything from the local currency, political situation and weather to the latest local news and the street address of the American embassy.“I'm starting to feel almost like I know the place, even though I've never been there,”she said.Marco Polo, eat your heart out.Nor is it just information that is so profusely available.Think of the difficulties confronting a 19th-century music lover.He could, of course, hear local folk artists.But if he had a fondness for, say, Bach or Beethoven, he'd have to hire an orchestra and a place for it to perform which means he'd have to be wealthy.Today, any teenager with a CD player(or even an FM radio)can hear almost any music of his of her choosing, performed by top musicians, virtually at will.The same youngster could, at a whim, look at tens of thousands of paintings from the National Gallery of Art.Think of laws forbidding anyone to teach slaves to read.Think of Hitler's book burnings.Think of all the attempts over the years to enforce either orthodoxy or the status quo by putting learning off-limits, and you begin to sense the power of what is happening.The walls of caste and class have not been razed, but they are suddenly, irrevocably, more porous.And yet not completely porous.The pertinence of the “digital divide”is a reminder that some Americans remain cut off from the power of the knowledge revolution.We have to get serious not merely about the technology but also the psychology of bridging that divide.We have to infect our turned-off adults and our uninspired children with the desire to know more of what is within their grasp already and the oceans more that shortly will be.If that's true of end-of-the-century America, it is immeasurably worse for much of the rest of the world.As U.N.Secretary General Kofi Annan remarked in a recent speech, “Half the world's population has never even made, or received, a telephone call.”
6.The author cites the example of Encyclopedia Britannica at the beginning of the passage mainly to show that ________.(A)its Web site is the target of millions of hackers
(B)the Web site can be repaired soon
(C)it is one of the major signs of knowledge explosion
(D)it is the symbol of the arrival of encyclopedic age
7.Which of the following best expresses the meaning of the sentence “Marco Polo, eat your heart out.”(Para.4)?
(A)Marco polo would be sad to know about the easy access to information about the world.(B)Marco polo would sincerely welcome the information age.(C)Marco polo would be happy to learn to use the Web.(D)Marco polo would never believe the story from the author's friend.8.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
(A)Both Compton's and World Book are encyclopedias.(B)Encarta Encyclopedia is giving way to Encyclopedia Britannica.(C)The sales of Encyclopedia Britannica have been going down dramatically over the past decade.(D)Encyclopedia Britannica opens its Web site to attract more readers.9.The author quotes U.N.Secretary General's remark in the last paragraph mainly to demonstrate that _________.(A)telephone is more important to the Web than the poor
(B)digital revolution will be welcomed by the poor
(C)the gap between the rich and the poor can be wider in the information age
(D)half the world's population will benefit from knowledge explosion 10.The last two paragraphs of the passage can be perceived as __________.(A)the summary of the whole passage
(B)the introduction of the concept “digital divide”
(C)the prediction about America in the new century
(D)the warning of issues behind technological progress
Questions 11～15
One of France's best known war photographers is braced for a new battle over his work in the Paris Metro.Luc Delahaye, who won awards for his photographs in Rwanda and who was once beaten up by Serbians in Croatia, has published a book of “stolen”portraits of Metro travellers that directly challenges French privacy laws.The book, called L'Autre(The Other), has been hailed by critics as an evocative study that cleverly captures the thrill of examining stranger's faces on an underground train.Yet Delahaye was forced to turn to a British publisher, Phaidon.No French publisher would touch his 90 black and white pictures.Under French laws drawn up to deter paparazzi from stalking celebrities, all citizens are entitled to the right to control their own image.In theory, Delahaye should have his subjects to ask permission to photograph them.But the purpose of his two-year project, during which he photographed 1,400 people with a hidden camera in his lap, was to capture them when they were unaware.Delahaye acknowledged last week that the publication of the book in France this month has made him vulnerable to up to 90 lawsuits should disgruntled travellers sue.But he said he was attempting to capture the awkward silence and wandering thoughts common to travellers crushed together on underground trains.“I found it unthinkable to turn up and say, „Bonj our, please stand like this or like that, ‟” he said.“And you can't look people in the face because they feel you looking at them.”
In a review of the British edition of the book, published earlier this year, a critic from The Times noted: “These anonymous portraits speak more about the lives, feeling and concerns of the sitters than any number of words could.”In France, however, artistic merit is no defence if an individual considers that a photographed has invaded his privacy.The books publication seems likely to fuel a vigorous debate over government plans to amend privacy laws, further restricting the.kinds of photographs that newspapers can publish.Elisabeth Guigou, the justice minister, is proposing to extend to victims of crimes and natural disasters the privacy rights currently exploited mainly by celebrities.Draft laws are designed to safeguard the dignity of victims who may be photographed grieving, covered in blood or in a state of undress.The proposals have outraged the media.They were inspired by the paparazzi who swarmed around the dying body of Diana, Princess of Wales after her car crash in Paris.But Alain Genestar, of Paris Match, claims the proposed laws would have banned from France such images as the naked vietnamese girl fleeing a napalm attack;the assassination of President John F Kennedy;and pictures of victims of natural disasters.Genestar and other editors complain that government's obsession with privacy will infringe freedom of expression.“Even if they are doing this with good intentions, this policy has a name: censorship.” Genestar said.11.Luc Delaware's book L' Autre is published in Britain because _______.(A)his pictures are all black and white
(B)French publishers do not accept it
(C)the British publisher has promised more returns
(D)he violated French privacy laws
12.Which of the following is TRUE about Delahaye's L' Autre?
(A)The publication of the British edition and French edition came out simultaneously.(B)The French edition of the book is not allowed to sell.(C)The publication of the book has aroused controversy.(D)The subjects of his pictures in the book are going to sue him.13.Which of the following is implied, but not directly stated, in the passage?
(A)French laws are more strict than British laws concerning privacy rights.(B)Delahaye took pictures of Metro travellers without asking for their permission.(C)The publication of L'Autre has received positive reviews from critics.(D)Luc Delahaye thinks it ridiculous to ask people to pose for pictures.14.Alain Genestar of Paris Match cites the pictures of the naked Vietnamese girl fleeing a napalm attack, the assassination of President Kennedy and the victims of natural disasters mainly to demonstrate that ___________.(A)he is critical of the publication of Delahaye's L' Autre
(B)all these pictures are of historical significance
(C)France is not considered to be a democratic country
(D)freedom of expression is more important than the concern with privacy
15.The word “paparazzi”used in the passage is closest in meaning to which of the following?
(A)brave war photographers such as Delahaya
(B)reporters who are doggedly after famous people
(C)victims of crimes and natural disasters
(D)publishers who only print pictures of celebrities
Questions 16～20
Mitsubishi Motors just announced plans to cut 10,000j obs.Last week Nissan, now owned by Renault and answering to its tough-minded foreign boss, pledged to slash 16,500.Similar reports from Tokyo for the past year have been greeted by American and British economists as signals that at last the famous Japanese practice of permanent employment is vanishing — a profound, traumatic transformation that they insist Japan needs.But there is less to trend than meets the eye.Reading past the headlines, one discovers that Mitsubishi's cuts will not take full effect until March 2004.Even Nissan's new chief operating officer, Carlos Ghosn, known to the world as “The Cost Killer, ”will spread out the downsizing over three years.And Japan's companies are making many of their adjustments through attrition, hiring freezes, voluntary retirement buyouts and reassignment of employees to subsidiaries.What is striking about what is happening now is not that is represents a change in the way companies deal with workers, but that it shows remarkable continuity in nearly desperate economic times.For decades, American analysts have been predicting that a change in the Japanese ways of doing business was imminent.In good times, like the 60's or 80's, labor shortages and affluence were expected to lead employees to reject the status quo and start job hopping.In bad times, like the 70's or 90's, the pressure of the bottom line was expected to lead bosses “finally”to a proper market based system of employment.The analysts who make these predictions do not understand the deep historical roots of Japan's employment practices, roots sunk in its legal system, the structure of schools, its systems of job recruiting and skill development, its decades-old cooperative relations between companies and unions, and the implicit expectations we call culture.On the very day of the Nissan announcement, a back-page story in Japanese newspapers showed how firm the grip of these foots can be.The game maker Sega had fired a 35-year-old man for “lack of ability”.He protested with a lawsuit, and the courts ruled in his favor.They called the termination an “abuse of the right to fire, ”decided the company had made “insufficient effort to train the employee”and ordered Sega to pay back wages.Japan does, of course, need economic reform.But the country's current crisis is rooted in a paralyzed financial system and stagnant consumer demand, especially at home.It is not a crisis of unproductive or lazy systems of industrial production.The financial system needs a thorough housecleaning, not only more transparent and effective regulation, but also internal reforms to insure that banks make more serious risk assessment when they start lending aggressively again.The country also needs public works spending and tax cuts to get commerce moving faster.But it is probably a good thing that the Japanese system resists the sort of change that would please the economic seers who thrill to misleading reports about huge employee cutbacks.A working person's prescription for change would first note that the cuts that have taken place, timid as they are by American standards, have shaken the confidence of consumers.Job security and stable wages, and public policies to insure them, could reduce fears and make people feel more comfortable about buying, increasing domestic demand and promoting recovery.It is worth remembering that for several decades, with the familiar employment system in place, the productivity of Japanese industrial organizations and their ability to cope with shocks — like the oil crises or the tripling of the value of the yen against the dollar — was the envy of the world.16.Which of the basic writing skills does the author mainly use in the passage?
(A)classification(B)definition
(C)illustration(D)argumentation
17.Which of the following best paraphrases the statement “there is less to the trend than meets the eye”(Para.2)
(A)Everything can be observed through the trend.(B)The trend is superficial rather than fundamental.(C)The trend shows the continuity of Japanese recruiting practice.(D)The trend tells us little about the Japanese employment system.18.Which of the following shows the authors major concern?
(A)The necessity of reform of Japanese financial system.(B)American and British economists-view towards Japanese practice of permanent employment.(C)Thejustification of the continuity of Japanese employment practice.(D)The relationship between Japanese culture and its systems ofjob reruiting.19.According to the author, all of the following can be concluded from the passage EXCEPT that ________.(A)Japanese system of employment is also applicable to western countries
(B)American analysts prediction is not well-grounded
(C)the “profound, traumatic transformation”in Japanese employment practice will not occur
(D)the Japanese employment system contributes greatly to its development of productivity 20.The author uses the example of the game maker Sega to show ________.(A)the importance of economic reform in Japan
(B)the progress of Japanese legal system
(C)the contradiction between labour and capital
(D)the cultural influence in employment practice SECTION 3: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.The fate of unborn millions will now depend, under God, on the courage and conduct of this army.Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us only the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission.We have, therefore, to resolve to conquer or to die.Our own, our country's honor, calls upon us for a vigorous and manly exertion;and if we now shamefully fail, we shall become infamous to the whole world.Let us then rely on the goodness of our cause, and the aid of the Supreme Being, in whose hands victory is, to animate and encourage us to great and noble actions.The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have their blessings and praises, if happily we are the instruments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them.Let us animate and encourage each other, and show the whole world that a free man contending for liberty on his own ground is superior to any slavish mercenary on earth.SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)Part A: Note-taking and Gap-filling
Directions: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk.You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE.While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET.You will not your Answer Booklet until after you have listened to the talk.Acid rain is a kind of ____________(1)pollution which is hanging over our heads and coming down in many different ways such as rain and ____________(2).It damages ____________(3), lakes and rivers, buildings and even human ____________(4).Several chemicals, including sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ____________(5), are involved in causing acid rain.These chemicals either come directly from power ____________(6)chimneys and cars, or are formed from a ____________(7)of pollutant gases.Sulphur dioxide is the one chemical which is often ____________(8)with acid rain.It is mainly ____________(9)by large ____________(10)burning power stations.It ____________(11)places thousands of miles away as well as areas ____________(12)the power stations.To ____________(13)more and worse environmental effects from acid rain, we have short-term and long-term solutions.We shouldn't just ____________(14)up our power station chimneys and car ____________(15).We should also change the way society thinks and reacts.We need to ____________(16)energy by increasing ____________(17).We also need to ____________(18)our way of transport, that is, create a more efficient transport system which depends less on ____________(19)cars and more on a good ____________(20)transport network.Part B: Listening and Translation
Ⅰ.Sentence Translation
Ⅱ.Passage Translation
SECTION 5: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)
Questions 1～3
Is this the last gasp for the tobacco industry? Scientists have come up with a vaccine that can block the effects of nicotine for up to a year.The vaccine will initially be targeted at the 85% of smokers who want to give up the habit.Although the drug would not take away the nicotine craving, cigarettes would become completely unsatisfying, making it pointless to smoke them.The drug could also be used to vaccinate youngsters before they even started smoking.Most adults who smoke began the habit while in their teens, so an annual vaccination for those aged 12 to 20 could prevent the industry recruiting new customers.“The potential for this kind of drug is huge,”said John Shields, senior vice-president of research at Can tab, the British developers.Making such a drug available to the public would be a landmark in the history of vaccines.Until now almost all vaccines have been targeted at micro-organisms such as viruses and bacteria.It would be the first time this sort of approach had been used to alter behaviour on such a potentially large scale.Vaccination depends on activating the immune system to recognize and destroy an invading organism or molecule.Previous attempts to develop a vaccine against nicotine adopted by Can tab and by Nabi, a rival American firm conducting similar research is to attach the nicotine molecule to a much larger one.Cantab's vaccine uses a protein stripped from the toxin produced by cholera bacteria.The protein is known to be safe because it is the basis for the cholera vaccine.Between one and four nicotine molecules are attached to each protein molecule, making them large enough for the body's defences to recognise them as a hostile invader.Once alerted, the immune system starts to make antibodies specifically targeted for nicotine.They then bind to every nicotine molecule they can find and destroy them.It means that hardly any nicotine can pass from the blood into the brain where it would normally have its effect.Can tab has already started tests using a trial version of the vaccine and plans full-scale trials early next year.A similar vaccine, aimed at helping cocaine addicts, is already well into its final trials.Frank Stonebanks, a spokesman for Nabi which is about to commence similar trials, said he foresaw a day when parents would get their children vaccinated against smoking in the way that most are inoculated today against tuberculosis.“Such drugs would also have huge potential in the Third World where tobacco addiction costs people a much bigger proportion of their income,”he said.Both companies emphasise that it will be at least three years before a vaccine becomes widely available.It would probably be used in conjunction with behavioural therapy since many smokers light up for social reasons as well as addictive ones.The development coincides with a sharp increase in smoking among youngsters.In the past three decades the number of smokers has been falling steadily but the mid-1990s saw a gradual increase in the number of child smokers, especially teenage girls.Government figures show that every day about 450 British youngsters start smoking while another 330 adults die from tobacco-related illnesses such as lung cancer and heart disease.Half of all smokers in Britain die prematurely because of their habit.1.What can we learn about the basic principle of vaccination from the passage?
2.What is nicotine vaccine? What is the maj or difference between nicotine vaccine and other medical vaccines?
3.What was the major difficulty in developing nicotine vaccine? How was it solved?
Questions 4～6
Generations of job applicants have been turned down because they don't score enough on intelligence tests.But now people risk being rejected if they are too smart.An increasing number of employers in Britain uses an interview test that not only pinpoints the not-so-bright, but weeds out those who are too clever for the job.The idea behind the Wonderlic Personnel Test is that people can be too dumb or too bright for a job.If they are intellectually challenged they will require more training, bur if they are over qualified and too clever, they are likely to become bored and leave.In both cases, the employer faces additional costs to find replacements.A prospective police officer, for example, who scored more than 50 per cent, would be considered less suitable for the job than one who gets a more modest 35 per cent.The test provides a minimum and maximum mark for a range of jobs based on answers given by thousands of previous applicants for those jobs.It also groups jobs by expected intelligence levels.Lawyers, who top the charts, go with editors, advertising managers and research analysts.Policemen go with typists and receptionists, chemists go with engineers, and debt collectors with computer operators.A handbook accompanying with the test says: “People who score high on a cognitive ability test often become bored and frustrated if placed in jobs where all decisions about what to do and when and how to do it are built into the design of the job.This increases the odds that the person will become unproductive and possible quit.”In America the test is used by many companies to filter out people who are not suitable for the job.In many cases they don't even get interviews which, according to the Wonderlic handbook, are pretty useless anyway: “On average interviews are only 8 per cent more effective than flipping a coin, ”says the company.Charles Wonderlic, who runs the operation from his headquarters in Illinois, claims that employers should be concerned with extreme scores at either end of the range for each job.“Staff turnover is an issue,”he said.“Gravitational theory suggests that people apply for jobs they think they are qualified to get, but people apply for jobs outside their range too.”
“People want jobs that will be physically and mentally challenging, but if they are overqualified they are less likely to be challenged, and more likely to get bored and to leave.” “The further a secretary, for example, is from the average of 23 for that job, the less likely the average person applying for thejob they are.is from the average of 23 for that job, the less likely the average person applying for the job they are.That should raise concerns about training costs, if they are the low end, and replacement costs if they are high.”
Those who are too clever will also, he suggests, socialise with people from a similar intellectual background and will become disenchanted with both the job and their salary.The maximum possible score in the test is 50, but only a handful of people have ever achieved that.HOW You SCORE
Job Point Score
Low/high ave Lawyer 24-35 30 Editor 25-34 29 Chemist 24-32 28
Auditor 23-31 27 Accountant 21-31 26 Teacher 20-31 26 Manager 20-29 25 Nurse 19-29 24 Secretary 18-28 23 Sales rep 17-26 22 Police 17-25 21 Clerk 16-25 20 Shop manager 14-24 19 Mechanic 13-21 17 Warehouseman 11-21 16 Packer 10-19 14
4.According to the passage, what is the maj or difference between the conventional criteria for job recruiting and the principle of Wonderlic Personnel Test?
5.What are the possible disadvantages suggested by the Wonderlic Personnel Test if overqualified applicants are recruited?
6.Paraphrase the following expressions, paying attention to the underlined parts.a)“If they are intellectually challenged,...”(Para.1)
b)“This increases the odds that...”(Para.3)
c)“staff turnover is an issue,...”(Para.4)
Questions 7～10
Frustrated by excessive demands at work? Resentful of being Passed over for a promotion? Afraid of losing your job? Never fear.A “toxic handler”may be near.Two University of British Columbia researchers poking around at the underside of corporate life have identified this new kind of hero.“Toxic handlers,”peter Frost and Sandra Robinson write in the current Harvard Business Review, are employees skilled in removing the “metal toxins”of the modern workplace.The toxic handler — typically a senior manager but not the top boss — listens to troubled colleagues, invents creative solutions, and helps translate “mission impossible ” into “mission accomplished.”
And far from being too focused on feelings to get the job done, toxic handlers make a real contribution to the corporate bottom line — if only by helping keep good people from leaving.One example the researchers cite is a computer executive in Europe who was asked to guide a 120-member team, already shell-shocked from downsizing into using as “open concept ”office layout.It was a radical idea since the employees were used to private offices.The executive's approach was simply to listen to his colleagues: “He called himself “Big Ears,”says Mr.Frost.The transition went smoothly.“The only complaints were that there weren't enough trash cans, ”he says.By combining interpersonal skills with technical competence, toxic handlers such as Mr.“Big Ears”help “manage organizational pain, ”Frost adds.The article is full of metaphors of pain and poison.but it also identifies opportunities for leadership that can be practiced by employees at any level of an organization.Frost ticks off four key points that came from his research: “The whole notion that there are people who step in and manage pain;the fact that there's a lot of pain out there to manage, largely as a result of corporate downsizing;the fact that the people I dealt with(in this research)were not „bleeding hearts‟or human resources specialists;and that a lot of them got pretty sick.”
It is critical that toxic handlers avoid taking on the pain themselves, say Frost and Robinson.Health-care professionals are typically trained to defend themselves against putting their own health at risk by getting too caught up in their patients prlblems, Frost notes.But toxic handlers in the corporate setting run the same risk of exposure without adequate defense.“Managers get sent in with pop guns and little tin shields,”says Frost, when they should be protected “as if they were handling radioactivity.”
Some toxic handlers might be described simply as office peacemakers.Consider Alexandra, a vice president at a financial institution in New York.She spent half her time as peacemaker among colleagues.The new MBAs coming to work there “always came in acting like they owned the world,”she told researchers.“They tended to be pretty arrogant and heavy-handed with the secretaries and clerical workers.They offended them so much that they couldn't concentrate on their work.“So first I had to explain to the staff that these young professionals were...just seriously lacking in interpersonal skills Then I had to pull the new MBAs into my office and help them understand that being a boss didn't mean bossing people around.”
Frost's work on the concept of toxic handlers began when he noticed that he felt particularly run down and burnt out at the end of managing a stint in 1994.Since then, he and Robinson have studied what he calls a “rolling sample”of about 70 toxic handlers in Canada, The United States, Europe, and Australia.By definition, their data anecdotal, and they have no means of cross-checking their subjects-stories.But Frost is confident.“We're onto something with authenticity.”Frost and Robinson insist that toxic handlers are not “enablers”who make it possible for their bosses to get away with bad behavior.But Frost sees the next phase of their research focusing on “the role of the toxic handlers in educating toxic bosses in order to improve the situation.” 7.What is a toxic handler? Who can work as a toxic handler
8.What is the significance of the promotion of the concept “toxic handler”? Who first started the study on this concept?
9.Explain briefly the four key points raised by Mr.Frost from his research.10.Tell the meaning of the following metaphors used in the passage.a)“He called himself „Big Ears ‟.”(Para.4)
b)“...the people I dealt with...were not „bleeding hearts‟or...”(Para.5)
c)“Managers get sent in with popguns and little tin shields...”(Para.6)
d)“...as if they were handling radioactivity.”(Para.6)
SECTION 6: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.祖国和平统一，乃千秋功业。台湾终必回归祖国，早日解决对各方有利。台湾同胞可安居乐业，两岸各族人民可解骨肉分离之痛，在台诸前辈及大陆去台人员亦可各得其所，且有利于亚太地区局势稳定和世界和平。
当今国际风云变幻莫测，台湾上下众议纷纭。岁月不居，来日苦短，长梦多，时不我与。试为贵党计，如能依时顺势，负起历史责任，毅然和谈，达成国家统一，则两党长 期共存，互相监督，共图振兴中华之大业。参考答案:
SECTLON1: LISTENLNG TEST(30 minutes)
Part A: Spot Dictation
1.most prestigious 2.socially important people 3.attracted students and scholars 4.in politics
5.numerous eminent scientists 6.Prime Minister
7.in academic world 8.requires the combined talents 9.Leading an Oxford college 10.the needs and aspirations 11.realise them 12.shapes their future careers 13.last for ever 14.among thousands of applicants 15.competitive process 16.a range of traditional privileges 17.presents his or her work 18.profound respect and trust 19.academically rewarding 20.for advice and guidance Part B: Listening Comprehension
1-5 B D D A C 6-10 D A B D C 11-15 B D B C B 16-20 A A B D C SECTION 2: READING TEST
1-5 D C B C A 6-10 C A B C D 11-15 B C A D B 16-20 D B C A D
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST
苍天之下，千百万尚未出生的人的命运将取决于我们这支军队的勇气和斗志。敌人残酷无情，我们别无选择，要么奋起抵抗，要么屈膝投降。因此，我们必须下定决心，若不 克敌制胜，就是捐躯疆场。
我们的荣誉，祖国的荣誉，要求我们进行英勇顽强的奋斗，如果我们做不到这一点，我们将感到羞愧，并将为全世界所不齿。所以，让我们凭借我们事业的正义性和上帝的恩
助 胜利掌握在他手中 激励和鼓舞我们去创造伟大而崇高的业绩。全国同胞都注视着我们，如果我们有幸为他们效劳，将他们从企图强加于他们的暴政中解救出来，我们将
得到他们的祝福和赞颂。让我们互相激励，互相鼓舞，并向全世界昭示，在自己国土上为自由而斗争的自由人民胜过世上任何受人驱使的雇佣军。
SECTION 4: LISTLATION TEST
Part A: Note－taking and Gap－filling
1.air / atmosphere 2.snow 3.forests / woods 4.health 5.ozone 6.station
7.combination 8.associated 9.emitted 10.coal
11.affects 12.surrounding 13.prevent 14.clean 15.exhausts 16.conserve
17.recycling 18.rationalize / improve 19.private 20.public
Part B: Listening and Translation
Ⅰ.Sentence Translation
1.上海是世界著名大都市，是面向西方的窗口。我们两国曾在这个城市里发表了开创我们之间当代友好关系的公报。
2.今天20%的美国儿童与单亲住在一起，原因之一是越来越多的妇女没结婚就有了孩子。
3.今年的头十个月，双边贸易额是41 亿美元，与去年同期相比增加了25%。
4.全球化使所有国家，无论大小贫富，都进入了一个调整过程。
5.历史是一条可能随心所欲把我们带到任何地方去的长河，但是我们有能力把握和选择方向，共同前进。
Ⅱ.Passage Translation
1.旅馆是旅行者临时的住所。在旅馆里，旅行者可以休息，在旅馆内或附近餐馆就餐。旅馆还可能提供娱乐设施，比如游泳池，高尔夫球场或海滩。在许多情况下，旅馆还免费提供交通工，今天来说就是汽车，所有这些服务都是为旅行者提供膳宿方便，因此旅馆业常被称作膳宿业。
2.警方说昨天台风袭击该岛的西海岸，带来大雨，风速达每小时80 英里，冲走了约500户住家。台风使岛上大片地区发生洪水，使通讯和供电系统瘫痪。昨天所有国内航班被 取消，国际机场关闭了约5 小时。据报道两艘客运渡轮沉没，但没有有关人员伤亡的细节。最终伤亡人数要过些时候才能知道。
SECTION 5: READING TEST(答案要点)
1.through activating the immune system of human body / to recognize and destroy invading organism(or molecule, micro－organisms, viruses－bacteria)
2.developed to be used by smokers who are going to quit smoking / the habit teenagers / young people before they start smoking / other vaccines used to destroy microorganisms / nicotine vaccine used to change / alter human habit / behavior / get rid of the smoking habit
3.nicotine molecule too small to be discovered / nicotine molecule attached to larger molecule(through use of protein from cholera vaccine)/ become large enough to be found by immune system －destroyed / killed 4.applicants who score high are accepted / score low on intelligence tests rejected / only applicants of similar intelligence levels are qualified for thejob / applicants who score more than the required level could be less suitable for thejob
5.jobs not challenging / possibly not interested in the job / become bored ／& leave / extra cost for replacement / less productive / “staff turnover”
6.a)not up to the required intellectual level / not “bright”enough / “dumb ” b)chances / possibilities)changing of staff members(frequent quit and leave)
7.help solve the mental or interpersonal relation problems of employees(or staff members)help the
completion of “mission” of an organization / find problems and solutions / senior managers(not top boss)8.recognition of mental problems employees could have in their effects / Frost and Robingson, researchers from University of British Columbia
9.let employees know “there are people”who show their concern and willingness to offer help / recognition of problems & necessity to solve the problems / heavy duty for researchers as people work in a workplace are not usually professional experts on human resources / “PR” 10.a)“Big Ears”= patient listeners
b)“bleeding hearts ”= people with soft / weak mind / character
c)“Managers get sent in with pop guns= toy guns / weapons without much use / and little tin shields= device used for protection”
d)“handling radioactivity”= dealing with big trouble / difficulty / problem
SECTIION 6: TRANSLATION TEST
The peaceful reunification of the motherland would be a great achievement to be recorded in history.Taiwan is bound to return to the embrace of the motherland eventually.An early settlement of the issue would be in the interests of all.The compatriots in Taiwan would be able to live in peace and happiness, the people of all nationalities on both sides of the Taiwan Straits would no longer have to endure the pains of separation from their own flesh and blood, and the elders in Taiwan and those who moved there from the mainland would all be properly and provided for.And this would contribute to the stability of Asia and the Pacific region as well as to world peace.The present international situation is capricious.Throughout Taiwan people of all strata are talking about their future.time does not stay and brief is the day.A long night is fraught with bad dreams: time and tide wait for no man.For the sake of your party, I would think that if you would take up the historical responsibility and, going with the stream, resolutely take part in peace talks for our national reunification as required by time and tide, the two parties would be able to co-exist for a long time to come, supervising each other while joining in glorious efforts to revitalize China.听力测试题录音文字稿:
Part B: Listening Comprehension
Directions: In this part of the test, there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one, you will be asked some questions.The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken only once.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your answer booklet.Now let's begin Part B with Listening Comprehension.Questions 1～5 are based on the following conversation.(Man)So, you have teaching experience with this age group in...(Woman)I have.(Man)in Singapore or...?
(Man)In Mal — in other parts of Malaysia.Right.When you were teaching this age group, were they bilingual?
(Woman)They were bilingual.(Man)Um — were they in English medium schools?(Women)English medium schools.(Man)Ah — right.Well, that's very useful experience.(Woman)Yes, English and other subjects.(Man)Mm.(Woman)But they were in English.(Man)Right.So you were like a form teacher, teaching the whole range of subjects.Well that's very, very useful background for this research proj ect, I think.Um but you've also got here...short stories and poems for practising phonetics.(Woman)Well — actually — what I intended was this — er — this communicative materials.You know — in the form of short stories, and poems.(Man)Yes.Poems...you mean poems that have been published and that you can use with them you want your pupils to write poems?
(Woman)No.None of them, I'm afraid.What I mean is through my poems ,the poems that I'm going to write.(Man)You're going to write poems.Oh, that sounds wonderful.What poems? Are they simple poems?(Woman)Yes.Simple poems so that the children would find it, you know, like a sing-song.(Man)Um — I think what we need actually is a slightly more specific plan than this one.(Woman)Right.(Man)Shall we see if we can make a more detailed plan for the project? Using a topic based approach — um — to the teaching of English as a second language — um — to seven to eleven year-old bilingual children.Um — So we take that as the title then probably — there are lots of different things here.You need some kind of section that discusses — Now — first of all, you want to talk about context, don't you? And you want — um — let's say London and Malaysia just to discuss what we said — um — can the materials be universal? And then you want something on criteria.(Woman)mm
(Man)For designing these.Now, letsjust list the ones we're mentioned.Can we go through them? What have we got here? Motivation.So we're thinking of seven to eleven year-olds.First of all, motivation.What are the other important ones, do you think? Multi-cultural and communicative — um — what else have we said? Cross curricular.Those are the four main ones, aren't they? Oh — integrated skills.(Woman)Oh, yes.(Man)Right.Integrated skills.And when you're discussing those criteria.You can mention, you can bring in — relate it to poems, stories — um — and the tasks that they do.And then you — you actually want your materials.So you need to choose a topic.(Woman)Yes, a topic for those materials.(Man)It is where you can put these together.And then you want to — after you've actually presented the materials — you want some detailed comments on different parts of them.How does that sound?(Woman)Very, very impressive.Very good.(Man)Does that make sense to you — if we put it like that? So we've really taken all of those things and just slightly rearranged them.Okay? I think that sounds very, very interesting.Question No.1.What is the woman's job?
Question No.2.In which country has the woman been working? Question No.3.What are the man and the woman talking about?
Question No.4.Which of the following statements is true, as regards the woman? Question No.5.How do these two people feel about the result of their discussion?
Question 6～10 are based on the following news.MANILA: A helicopter carrying eight people was reported missing after it unloaded a cargo of food and other provisions for workers digging a major tunnel for a water supply project for Manila, an official said yesterday.UNITED NATIONS：Iraq asked the United Nations to continue providing humanitarian aid despite cutting off exports of crude oil under the UN's oil-for-food programmed, UN officials said.The Iraqi ambassador to the UN, Saeed Hasan, met on Tuesday with programmed director Benon Sevan and Iraq “wanted the UN to continue normal operations,”UN spokesman Fred Eckhard told reporters.The spokesman for the programme, John Mills, said “humanitarian supplies the continuing to arrive and be distributed in Iraq.”On Monday, the UN said that Iraq had stopped pumping oil through the 960-kilometre pipeline to Turkish port of Ceyhan.LONDON: For the first time in its 42-year history, the European Union(EU)staged a joint meeting of foreign affairs and defence ministers to debate how the union can acquire a security dimension consistent with its economic strength.During that meeting, Britain and France proposed that Europe, by either 2002 or 2003, should posses the capacity to deploy a rapid reaction force of some 50,000 troops in a peacekeeping operation in or around the EU.The proposal received a strong response, which is indicative that the EU is making concrete efforts to bolster its military clout in Europe.WASHINGTON: A high percentage of blacks, Hispanics and other minorities in the US military complained in a survey of more than 40,000 US troops, one in five blacks responding also said they felt race relations played a negative part in their prospects for promotion or assignment.But the survey, taken in 1997, indicated that military personnel felt Pentagon efforts to promote good race relations and equal opportunity were succeeding and that discrimination in uniform was far less pronounced than in other areas of American life.TOKYO: Japan's trade surplus plunged 14.4 per cent in October from its level a year ago, the government said yesterday.Government official blamed the strong yen for severely damaging exports.The trade surplus dropped to US $11.2 billion, the Finance Ministry reported, making October the seventh month in a row for a drop in the trade surplus.“Japan' s exports have been pressed by the sharp appreciation of the yen against the US dollar, which mainly contributed to the surplus fall," said Naoko Ogata, an analyst at the Sakura Research Institute.“With the yen rising to current levels, exporters are finding it difficult to make a profit.”
Question No.6.What happened according to the report from Manila?
Question No.7.What did the Iraqi Ambassador ask the United Nations to do?
Question No.8.What was proposed at thejoint meeting staged by the European Union?
Question No.9.What was disclosed in a survey released by the US Defence Department on Tuesday? Question No.10.As compared with the same period last year, how much did Japan's trade surplus drop? Questions 11～15 are based on the following interview.(Woman)What were the things in Britain that you found most strange when you first arrived?(Man)Well, the first thing is driving on the wrong side of the road — um — that was very strange because you have this automatic reflex when you go out into the street to look one way and a couple of times I did that and I almost got hit by cars and bikes and all, you know.It's dangerous.It really is dangerous.And you have to teach yourself to look the other way.(Woman)Someone said that Britain and the United States are divided by a common language.Have you had any difficulties with the language here?
(Man)Oh, yeah — tremendous amount of difficulty, but I' m starting to pick it up now — all the logo and slang and all those — but there-definitely a difference.(Woman)Can you give me any examples?
(Man)Well, the big — I'd say some of the biggest ones would be the word “queue”which means in America “line”.I never heard the word “queue”before.Um — what you call “chips ”, I call “French fries”.I never heard them called “chips ”Um — there're so many — um — words that are different.Ah, yes, another example, “crisps ”which mean “potato chips ”.We call them “potato chips ”or “chips ” in America.You call them “crisps ”here.So when I heard the word “chips ”, I was thinking of “crisps ”and not French fries — you know — it's very confusing.Furthermore, there're expressions that you don't hear in America, some of the expressions like — er — “mate”and “love”.They're funny.You don't hear them in America.(Woman)What about with young people — with people your own age — I mean, do you notice differences there?
(Man)I do notice some differences — er — I think — ah — I think the younger people in Britain are — they seem to be — much more radical than the younger people in the United States.I noticed that.For example, the dress is different.You see a lot of — I see a lot of males here with earrings in one of their — in one of their ears.You don't see that in America that much.Some — maybe here and there, but not, not like you see it here.Another example, so many of the young people wear black-clothing — you know.I don't — you don't see the other colours.At home you see all different types of bright colours — and in England you see so much black.Especially on the woman.(Woman)You don't like that?
(Man)Not really.It's just my own preference.I like — I'd rather see different colours here and there — not all not all one colour.Everyone looks like Madonna.(Woman)When you say “radical”, are you just thinking of clothes or of anything else?
(Man)Um — No, I think — er — radical as in going against the norms — could you say? Not only in clothing but I think in politics too whereas in America, you don't find that as much.Oh, also, another difference is the young — er — the younger people are — they're more politically aware on a larger level.See a lot of the — a lot of the Americans — they're aware of — er — government of the United States and maybe a few other countries but not as many countries in Europe or they just have a vague understanding of how those other countries are run — not as widespread.Whereas here, I think that they — er — the kids get to know about how different countries are run at a much younger level and they know all about the United States and how it's run.(Woman)What do you think the reasons are for that?
(Man)Um — that's a good question — well, I think that the reasons are — just because of the Press.You
hear so much about America here that people are — they into it — they want to know what it's about and how it's run.And so many of our polocies in America affect Britain that they want to understand how policies are made and all that and seeing that that doesn't work on the other level like Britain' s policies don't — I mean, they can affect us, but not to as great an extent and therefore you don't know as much about it.Question No.11.What was the first thing that the man found most strange when he arrived in Britain? Question No.12.According to the man, there are two expressions that people don't hear in America.What are they?
Question No.13.Which of the following statements best sums up the man's attitude to Britain? Question No.14.Which of the following things does the man say he doesn't like about Britain? Question No.15.According to the man, why are the British young people more politically aware? Questions 16～20 are based on the following talk.(Man)I'd like to talk about local government in England and Wales, and in England and Wales there are two main types of council.For instance, if I could take the example of Oxford shire, there is one county council where they are responsible for education, social services, structure planning, highways, libraries and museums, and so on.And there are five district councils, again in Oxfordshire, and they're responsible for housing, in particular council housing, for local plans, for dustbin collection, environmental health, and they're also responsible for dustbin collection, environmental health, and they're also responsible for swimming baths, and in Oxford, for instance, they are building an ice-rink in the middle of the city.If we could talk particularly about the question of education, I think this would illustrate the idea of local government in the best way possible.First of all, there is a minister at central government level.He is the Minister for Education and he's responsible for running a comprehensive education system in the whole country.But in practice there is a lot of local control.So local council, county such as Oxford shire County Council, actually run the schools and colleges in their area.If we take the example of Oxfordshire again, there are seventy county councilors.They re elected every four years, mostly unpaid, except for their expenses, and about thirty of these are on the education Committee, which meets regularly.And these councilors obviously make policy, but most of the work is done behind the scenes by the Chief Education Officer, who's a paid official, and his staff.And it's very much a question of the Chairman of the Education Committee, an elected councilor, running the service in conjunction with the Chief Education officer and his staff.If I could give an idea of some of the structure.There are three sub-committees: Education Committee itself, plus the Schools Committee, the Further Education Committee, and a general Service Committee.One main issue which they're looking at the moment, in fact all the time, is obviously the question of teachers.Pupil-teacher ratio, for instance.And that tells you how many teachers are employed by the council and how many children there are, giving you the number of children per class.And a lot of the opposition parties and parents and others are agitating all the time for smaller class sizes.For instance, in the primary schools, it's said by many people that to have classes of over thirty is unreasonable, and they should be reduced in size.It is of course expensive to employ teachers, so that s the argument on the other side.Basically, the system, then, is a partnership between the Minister at central government level, who of course is a, an elected politician, by the staff in the Department of Education and Science, the civil servants, and by local councils, governors of schools, parents and teachers and so on.Question No.16.What is the topic of this lecture?
Question No.17.How many main types of council are there in England and Wales?
Question No.18.Which of the following is NOT listed as the major responsibilities of the district councils? Question No.19.Which of the following statements is TRUE about education in this country? Question No.20.Which issue is all the time considered by the Education Committee?
SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST Part A: Note-taking and Gap filling
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a short talk.You will hear the talk only once.While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate answer booklet.You will not get your answer booklet until after you have listened to the talk.Now listen to the talk carefully.I'm going to talk about acid rain, a subject which many people have heard of but very few understand fully.I'm going to talk about exactly what acid rain is and why it's a problem and then I'm going to finish off by saying what we can do about it, what the solutions are now and what the solutions will be in the future, in the long term.So first of all, acid rain is a term that's really being used now for a kind of pollution which is hanging over our heads in a sense — it's the air pollution above us.It's the pollution that's coming down in rain, in mist, in snow, in hail, in many different ways and damaging our forests, our lakes and rivers, our buildings and even human health.If we are to control acid rain, we must know what is actually causing it, so now I'm going to talk about the chemicals involved.There are really three we should look at.These are sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and ozone.The first two of those are primary pollutants — that is they are produced directly from source.In the case of sulphur dioxide, the main problem is power station chimneys.In the case of nitrogen oxides, they come really half and half from cars and from power stations.Ozone is what's known as a secondary pollutant.It means it s formed in the atmosphere from a combination of other pollutants, other primary pollutants.Ozone is formed from a combination of nitrogen oxides and hydrocarbons both of which come from car exhausts.If you put sunlight onto these two chemicals, they react together and they form ozone and so the highest levels of ozone are found in a hot summer around the edges of cities where there are lots of car exhausts, lots of sunlight and then you end up with a lot of ozone.I think the one that most people would associate with acid rain, if they know anything about it all, is sulphur and particularly sulphur dioxide.About seventy-one percent of all the sulphur dioxide emitted from Britain comes from the large coal burning power stations predominantly situated in the Midlands.The problem, of course with sulphur dioxide is that it doesn't just fall close to the factory or the power station.It gets lifted in the air and it can travel thousands of miles in the air before if falls as rain.Our environment is dying as well and sulphur from our power stations is landing all over the United Kingdom.In Wales and in the West of Scotland, acid rain is already having quite a marked effect.Some hundreds of lakes in Wales have been affected, several have lost their fish and in the West of Scotland, twenty-seven Galloway lakes have already completely lost their fish.Now perhaps I should go on to some of the solutions that we should be looking to stop this environmental catastrophe.There are short-term solutions and there are long-term solutions.In the short term, we need to make immediate cuts to the emissions that are coming from our power stations and cars.In the long term, we need to change the way society is thinking.We shouldn t just clean up power station chimneys and car
exhausts.What we need to do is change the way society thinks and reacts.The first thing that needs to be done is we need to use less energy.One way of using less energy is to increase recycling and so recycling schemes and re-use of materials should be encouraged throughout Europe and North America.Secondly, we have to change of transport system.We have to look for a more efficient transport system which relies less on individuals-use of cars and more on a good public transport network.These are the things we must be looking forward to.Unless we do that, unless we change society in this way — conserve energy, rationalise our way of transport and now clean up our power stations and individual cars then we're bound to see more and worse environmental effects from air pollution and acid rain.We must act now.Part B: Listening and Translation
Ⅰ.Sentence Translation
Sentence No.1.Shanghai is a world-famous metropolitan city.Shanghai has been a window to the west;it is the city in which my country and yours issued the communique that began our modern friendship.Sentence No.2.Today, about 20% of American children live with only one parent.One of the reasons for this is the increasing number of women who have children without being married.Sentence No.3.For the first ten months of this year, bilateral trade volume was 4.1 billion US dollars, which is a 25 percent increase over the same period last year.Sentence No.4.Globalization obliges all nations, small or large, rich or poor, to take part in a continuous process of adjustment.Sentence No.5.History is a river that may take us as it will.But we have the power to navigate, to choose direction and make our passage together.Ⅱ.Passage Translation
Passage 1
A hotel is a temporary home for people who are travelling.In a hotel, the traveller can rest and has access to food and drink, either on the premises or nearby.The hotel may also offer facilities for recreation, such as a swimming pool, a golf course, or a beach.In many cases, the hotel also provides free space for the traveller's means of transportation, which nowadays is the automobile.All of these services are designed to accommodate the traveller, so the hotel business is often referred to as the accommodations industry.Passage 2
Police said that about five hundred homes were washed away by floods after a typhoon struck the west coast of the island yesterday bringing driving rain and winds of up to eighty miles per hour.The typhoon flooded wide areas of the island and crippled communications and power supplies.All domestic flights were cancelled yesterday and the international airport was closed for about five hours.It was reported that two passenger ferries had been sunk but no details of casualties were given.It will be some time before we hear the final casualty figures.23
第二篇：2001年3月英语高级口译考试笔试真题
2001年3月英语高级口译考试笔试真题+音频+答案
英语高级口译资格证书第一阶段考试
SECTION 1: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)
Part A: Spot Dictation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the words you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear.the passage ONLY ONCE.You have been at Furnell University for two weeks now.As usual, you need enough time to _____________(1).You also want to spend time with new friends and______________(2).But, after the first two weeks of classes, you have probably concluded that there isn't enough time to_____________(3), because you also have to attend classes, go to labs, do assignments_____________(4).Soon you will be in a situation for it until 3 a.m.You also have an eight o'clock._____________(6)and skip the eight o'clock class? To some extent the answer depends on_____________(7).Some instructors announce that _____________(8).In that case you really should go to class.Some don't say anything.In that case you have to decide._____________(9)it is better to stay in bed and sleep than to get so tired you cannot think.However, it is not a good idea to skip class_____________(10).If you have to skip a class, ask another student for the class notes, _____________(11).Also, come to the next class prepared.If you miss class_____________(12), tell the instructor afterward.He or she may let you_____________(13).If you have an important appointment, tell the instructor about it_____________(14).Here is another problem.You took the quiz.Even after studying very hard, you could not answer all the questions._____________(15)you always got every answer right.What went wrong? Nothing.High school work is easy, so a good student is supposed to _____________(16).In college the teacher wants to challenge even the best students.Therefore, almost nobody_____________(17).But maybe there were some very_____________(18)in that course you don't understand.Go see the teacher during_____________(19).Most teachers will gladly explain things again.Of course, they will not be pleased to_____________(20)to someone who skipped class.Maybe you really should get up for that eight o'clock class!
Part B: Listening Comprehension
Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one, you will be asked some questions.The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.1.(A)An article about the chances of promotion for teachers.(B)A survey on the behaviour of school boys and girls.(C)A report written by the local education authority.(D)A research into the differences in teaching between male and female teachers.2.(A)A primary school of low quality in teaching.(B)A school for mentally retarded children.(C)A special school for problem children.(D)A section of the school for children between the ages of three and seven.3.(A)Because the society as a whole is mainly made-oriented.(B)Because boys are brought up to be more ambitious than girls.(C)Because male teachers have fewer household chores to do.(D)Because female teachers consider themselves less fit for administration.4.(A)To assume greater responsibilities for running the school.(B)To get rapid promotion.(C)To stay as a classroom teacher.(D)To teach more senior classes.5.(A)There are more women teachers than men teachers primary education.(B)The woman would like to be a headmistress of the school.(C)The woman is considering a transfer.(D)Boys are never brought up to be more ambitious than girls.Question 6 to 10 are based on the following news.6.(A)Many opposition party supporters demonstrated outside the party headquarters.(B)The annual parliament session came to a close.(C)The Congress Party reelected its new president.(D)The former Prime Minister was assassinated by a dissident.7.(A)13.(B)24.(C)40.(D)41.8.(A)A terrorist attack had recently been launched against a government building.(B)US military intervention was widely reported to start soon.(C)A guerrilla war broke out in southeastern jungles.(D)Peace talks were stopped between the government and the country's top rebel group.9.(A)To issue a statement to denounce genocide and war crimes.(B)To set up a permanent criminal court to punish heinous crimes.(C)To ratify a treaty establishing an international criminal court.(D)To appeal to other countries to sign up the treaty.10.(A)To stop importing meat from countries infested with mad cow disease.(B)To destroy all meat and bone meal used in manufacturing animal feed，(C)To take measures to cope with the shortage of animal feed caused by drought.(D)To import 1 million tons of animal feed from other countries.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following interview.11.(A)An actress.(B)A singer.(C)A dancer.(D)An air-hostess.12.(A)9-to-5 office clerk.(B)Taxi driver.(C)Architect.(D)Executive.13.(A)The woman doesn't look after her voice.(B)Talking and laughing can damage your voice as much as singing.(C)Talking slowly helps protect your voice.(D)The woman occasionally works weekends.14.(A)Because she had to stay at the studio until very late.(B)Because she had forgotten about the appointment.(C)Because she doesn't like her old friends any more.(D)Because she is rarely punctual for a dinner party.15.(A)Family life of an artist.(B)The woman's ambitions in her profession.(C)Something related to a music career.(D)What the critics have said about the vocalist.Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.16.(A)250,000.(B)350,000.(C)3, 000,000.(D)3,500,000.17.(A)The demolition of more and more low-income housing.(B)The rising cost of buying or renting a house.(C)A rapid increase of unemployment rate.(D)A large number of immigrants moving into this country.18.(A)Over 60 percent of them are single mothers with small children.(B)Around 20 percent of them are mentally ill.(C)These people usually have a large family.(D)The typical “street person”is a white male with a poorly-paidjob.19.(A)Because the government is too short of fund to provide sufficient cheap housing.(B)Because people are indifferent, paying no attention to the problems of others.(C)Because people who are concernedjust don't know how to help the homeless.(D)Because the “me-generation”are concerned only with their own affairs and interests.20.(A)To know the homeless and understand how they became that way.(B)To launch an all-out war on poverty nation-wide.(C)To provide more affordable housing.(D)To donate to the housing fund.SECTION 2: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)
Directions: In this section you will read several passages.Each one is followed by several questions about it.You are to choose ONE best answer,(A),(B),(C),(D), to each question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1～5
A leaked Barclays Bank document reveals that organization has become a byword for corporate greed explains why consumers hate it so much.Drawn up after unprecedented public relations disasters, the 25-page dossier tells how one of Britain's biggest and most valuable brand names became sullied.It says the attempt to introduce cash machine charges and the decision to close 170 rural branches this year marked the start of an annus horribilis.It concludes that the bank's brand name now symbolises “a culture of greed”and consumers rightly regard many of its products as “substandard and expensive”.The secret report was ordered by Matthew Barrett, Barclays' chief executive, who was appointed just before the trouble started and has bodyguards to protect him when he leaves his office, “I feel very strongly that there is an urgent need to change the change the management of communications to help facilitate a more positive image, ”Barrett wrote in a memo copied to a select group of executives, including Sir Peter Middleton, the chairman, on May 8.The resulting document-Project Phoenix, PR and Image Restoration Plan 2000—was produced in June.It notes that public relations difficulties caused by the cash machine and closure announcements were “exacerbated” by a critical Treasury report on banking and the disclosure of Barclays executive pay scheme.The latter showed Barrett received ￡1.3m for his first three months' work and had secured share options worth up to ￡30m.“The almost contemporaneous set of events resulted in a media feeding frenzy, ” says the report.“The group is seen by many...as the ringleader of anti-consumer measures.”It concludes that the barrage of bad publicity has had “a significant impact”on Barclays brand image, It says the public regards the bank as “generating excessive profits”and creating a “culture of greed.” Consumers view its products as “substandard and expensive, ”shareholders being put before customers and staff.The report admits: “Many of the group's products and services do not meet the demanding requirements of the Barclays brand and today's highly competitive financial services industry.” Steps to rebuild the Barclays name include a scheme to regain favour in areas where the bank has closed branches and lost influence as a result.Ten model employees will be parachuted into rural hot spots to charm local dignitaries.The agents, dubbed “the smoothies” by insiders, will be recruited of their “social skills”, says the report.They will be given titles conferring the “appropriate authority for liaising with MPs, MPs and the media”.They will infiltrate Rotary clubs and other groups to create a positive presence, say sources.“The(agent)would need to have strong communication skills, ”says the report, which puts a ￡1m total cost on the project.“(He)would be a modern manager with the ability to project the new face of financial services, always being on brand and on message.”
* Compiling a database of good news items so that one positive story about Barclays is released every month.* Making media-friendliness a “core skill requirement” for newly recruited senior executives, while ensuring that Barrett's future exposure to the media is “managed carefully.”
* Establishing “a proper audit trail for the receipt, review and release of all external and internal communications”to prevent leaks.Eddy Weatherill, director of the Independent Banking Advisory Service, attacked Barclays for tackling its problems with tricks rather than substance.“They need to do something about their image but cheap trickery will get them nowhere,” he said.1.According to the passage, Barclays Bank is facing difficulties because_____.(A)it is losing its profits
(B)it has disclosed a secret report about its poor image
(C)it is losing many of its best employees
(D)it has received much criticism from its consumers
2.The word “exacerbated ”in the sentence “It notes that relations difficulties...were „exacerbated‟” in the sentence “It notes that public relations difficulties...were „exacerbated‟ by a Treasury report on banking...”(Para.3)can be replaced by_____.(A)improved(B)aggravated
(C)criticised(D)questioned
3.According to the passage, the new schemes suggested in Project Phoenix, PR and Image Restoration Plan 2000_____.(A)show that Barclays Bank fully realises its problems
(B)are designed to change the Bank's image
(C)meet stronger criticisms from the public
(D)can never be realised as they are too radical
4.Which of the following is implied, but not directly stated, in the “expression ensuring the Barrett's future exposure to the media is `managed carefully' ”?
(A)His future exposure to the public must be positive.(B)His current image is greatly challenged.(C)His exposure to the public until now has often been negative.(D)His overall image is totally unacceptable to customers.5.According to Eddy Weatherill, Barclays Bank_____.(A)should take substantial measures to improve its image
(B)is using its brand name to win more customers
(C)is dealing with its problems seriously
(D)always used tricks to cheat the public
Questions 6～10
At least 100 women have been mistakenly implanted with another couple's embryo or suffered the loss of embryos because of incompetence by infertility clinics.An internal audit of the clinics has revealed often chaotic procedures which mean women's hopes of motherhood are dashed by the errors of clinic staff.Cases uncovered by The Sundays Times include:
* Deborah Gray, 40, from Strangford Lough, Co Down, who was told that she had been implanted with the wrong embryo by mistake.She had an abortion.* Deborah Mia, 37, from Dagenham in Essex, whose five remaining frozen embryos were thrown away last year even though she had begun treatment for them to be implanted.* A woman who wasted eight years of her fertile life undergoing treatment at various London hospitals, before doctors realised she had a contraceptive coil in her womb.The cases have come to light following she had a contraceptive coil in her womb.Authority(HFEA), which polices the 118 IVF clinics in Britain.The report, based on a sample of 1,400 IVF treatments and 700 sperm donor inseminations, records disruptions to power supplies at “various ”centers, leading to loss of undisclosed numbers of fresh embryos in incubators.It also describes mistakes in data collection, including errors in the names of patients and their families, the inaccurate recording of skin colour of ethnic group of sperm donors, and the reporting of nonexistent pregnancies.Bert Stewart, a senior embryologist and former HFEA inspector who now works in Auckland, New Zealand, estimated that one in 1, 000 test-tube babies may have been implanted in the wrong, meaning at least 25 to 30 IVF children in Britain are being brought up by someone other than their genetic mother.“IF you have a slack checking system, it might take a long time before you realise you have made a mistake.Good clinics have systems where you can spot a mistake straight away, ”he said.Another HFEA inspector estimated that at least 100 women had been affected by IVF errors.Gray sued the Royal Victoria hospital in Belfast for personal injury and damage after she discovered that she had been mistakenly implanted with an embryo from another woman.After the abortion she received an out-of-court settlement from the hospital.This weekend the Royal Victoria said procedures had been tightened up and there have been no similar mistakes.Findlay decided to abandon any further attempts to have a child after Leicester Bupa hospital threw away her last embryo following three failed attempts at IVF treatment.The embryo was allegedly part of a batch for which the labels were lost.Doctors decided to destroy the batch to avoid couples getting the wrong ones.“Losing it is like a bereavement, ”said Findlay, who received ￡2,000.Bupa said Findlay's case was a rare and unfortunate accident: “There was only one other woman's embryos involved in the loss and she accepted that the incident was an accident.” The cases have come to light following investigations into the scandal of the Hampshire Clinic in Basingstoke, Berkshire, where up to 40 women discovered that embryos believed to be in storage did not exist.Paul Fielding, the embryologist involved, has been released on police bail during an inquiry into what went wrong.The HFEA denied that there were widespread problems in infertility clinics and said any errors were a tiny fraction of the total number of IVF treatments.6.The errors of IVF clinics include all of the following EXCEPT.(A)the implanting with the embryo from another woman
(B)cruel treatment causing death of new-born babies
(C)the throwing away of the frozen embryos
(D)careless treatment leading to the loss of women's fertile life 7.The word “polices”in the clause “which polices the 118 IVF clinics in Britain”(Pare.6)can be paraphrased as.(A)patrols(B)assists
(C)controls(D)investigates
8.According to the passage, in Britain there are probably women/families who have received IVF treatments.(A)between 25 and 30(B)1 400
(C)fewer than 2 500(D)about 30 000
9.When Diana Findlay says “Losing it is like a bereavement,”(Para.9)she means that.(A)the destruction of the batch is equivalent to murdering
(B)the loss of the labels of the batch is a big error
(C)the killing of the test-tube baby is against the law
(D)the throwing away of her last embryo equals the death of a family member 10.Which of the following can NOT be true according to the passage?
(A)Errors with IVF treatments are under investigation in New Zealand.(B)Mistakes in data collection can cause vital consequences.(C)Errors of IVF clinics have led to a number of lawsuits.(D)Some women will never become mothers due to errors of clinic staff.Questions 11～15
The actual date on which Robert Thompson and Jon Venables will be released is now firmly in the hands of the parole board in the wake of Lord Woolf's controversial ruling.A special three-person panel, which must include a judge and psychiatrist, will have the difficult task of satisfying themselves that the two 18-year-olds no longer pose a danger to the public and that each has shown appropriate remorse for their killing of James Bulger.The parole board yesterday began its preparations, including drawing up a dossier on each of the teenagers, for oral hearings to be held in each of the local authority secuer units in the north of England where they are being held.Probation officers will talk to James Bulger's parents and ensure their views are included in each dossier.Each boy will be present at the “informal inquisitorial hearings”which will decide their future.At the same time, an application will be made by their lawyers next month in the high court before Dame Elizabeth Butler Sloss seeking new injunctions banning the media from disclosing details about them, even though they are now adults.If Dame Elizabeth decides to grant them this anonymity it will be the first time that child criminals have been given such protection since case of Mary Bell in 1968.The right to a private life enshrined in the newly incorporated European convention on human rights is bound to figure strongly in next month's case.Mary Bell was jailed at the age of 11 for the murder of two young children and served 12 years before her release.She managed to remain out of the public eye until two years ago when a book was published about her life and the Sun newspaper found her.She was subsequently given police protection.“A key element will be to ensure their safety and protection,” said Paul Cavadino of the National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders, “Recent experience tells us that if they were to be named and shamed by the media, it would put them, and anyone else who resembles them, at grave risk of vigilante attacks.”As Lord Woolf observed, when he ruled yesterday that their further detention would not serve any constructive purpose, their release will not end their punishment.In fact their release on license is likely to mean that they will spend years under the supervision of the criminal justice system.But it will be the question of preserving their anonymity which will prove the most difficult.A new injunction protecting their privacy is likely to mean new names, new birth own lives sufficiently to be convincing.This new identity will apply not only to them but could also apply to members of their immediate family as well.It is highly unlikely that a positive parole board decision would lead to Thompson and Venables returning to Liverpool.Instead, they will be sent ot start new lives in a different part of England.A unique release and supervision plan will now be prepared to ensure that they can resettle into the outside world.The only people who will know their true identity will be a very tight circle of those directly involved in their continuing therapy and other programmes to ensure they do not offend again.Those who they go to work with or study with will not know who they are.However, there will be a police surveillance operation for both of them with a panic button in their homes in case a sudden problem arises.As to their future lives, Thompson is believed to have gained 5 GCSEs and has been studying for A-levels and shown an aptitude for computer studies, art and design, and has considered taking an Open University degree course.Less is known about Venables's educational achievements.According to Lord Woolf, both have maintained contact with their families, Jon Venables benefiting from the continued interest of his parents and Robert Thompson from the attentions of his mother.Lord Woolf also pointed out that, apart form their own welfare, there was also a public interest in ensuring that what had been achieved in their upbringing is not wasted.Society, he said, had invested considerable energy and skilled care in their upbringing.A great deal of money must have been expended upon them.This commitment should be built upon.But for both of them life outside will mean years of supervision after a very difficult period of reintegration: It will be like being on a witness protection programme for the rest of their lives, ”said one criminal justice system source last night.11.According to the passage, Robert Thompson and Jon Venables_____________________.(A)are the pseudonyms of two young criminals
(B)will be given a life sentence for killing James Bulger
(C)have had no contact with their families since their imprisonment
(D)will face much difficulty after their release
12.Mary Bell is mentioned in the passage because_____________________.(A)she was the youngest criminal in England
(B)she remained out of the public eye after her release
(C)her case relates to the issue of protecting child criminals
(D)her case reveals the basic nature of all child crimes
13.To preserve the anonymity of the two 18-year-olds means all of the following have to be changed EXCEPT.(A)their original names(B)their health service numbers
(C)their educational background(D)their family histories 14.Which of the following can be concluded according to the passage?
(A)Thompson and Venables will return to their home town Liverpool after release.(B)Thompson and Venables will use some other names for the rest of their life.(C)Thompson and Venables will complete their university degree course and find professional jobs.(D)Thompson and Venables will live with their families under police protection.15.Which of the following expresses the main idea of the passage?
(A)New identities will probably protect the privacy of the two young criminals after their release.(B)The parole board will decide the actual date of the release of the two 18-year-olds.(C)The anonymity of the two young criminals after release will lead to the revision of related laws.(D)Robert Thompson and Jon Venables will still be legally punished even after their release.Questions 16～20
Are Americans a nation of frivolous divorcers who selfishly pursue the bluebird of happiness, oblivious to their children's needs? Divorce opponents like Judith Wallerstein seem to think most parents see divorce as a marvelous opportunity for the whole family.How immature do they think people are? All over America , unhappy spouses lie awake at night wondering if they and their kids can afford divorce financially, socially, emotionally.Where will they live, how will they pay the bills , will the kids fall apart, will there be a custody battle, what will their families say? The very fact that so many people leave their marriage for a future with so many pitfalls proves that divorce is anything but a whim.Most people I know who split up(not to mention my ex and me)spent years working up to it.In her new book, Wallerstein argues that children don't care if their parents are happy－they just want the stability of a two parent household, without which they would later flail through adulthood and have a hard time forming good relationships.This conclusion, like her other gloomy generalizations(Parenting erodes almost inevitably at the breakup and does not get restored for years, if ever), is based on a small, nonrepresentative sample of families who were going through divorce in 1971 in affluent Marin County, Calif.Wallerstein looks for evidence that divorce harms kids, and of course she finds it －now well into their mid-30s, her interviewees still blame their parents' breakup for every rock on the path to fulfillment－but the very process of participating in a famous on-going study about the effects of divorce encourages them to see their lives through that lens.What if she had spent as much time studying children whose parents had terrible marriages but stayed together for the kids? How many children of divorce feel overly responsible for their parents' happiness.But what about the burden of knowing that one or both of your parents endured years of misery－for you?
As a matter of fact, we know the answer to that question.The baby boomers, who helped divorce become mainstream, were the products of exactly the kind of marriages the anti-divorcers approve of-the child-centered unions of the 1950s, when parents, especially Mom, sacrificed themselves on the altar of family values and suburban respectability.To today's anti-divorcers those may seem like good enough” marriages full of depressed and bitter people.Nor does it need more pundits blaming women for destroying the family” with what are, after all, reasonable demands for equality and self-development.We need to acknowledge that there are lots of different way to raise competent and well-adjusted children, which—as, according to virtually every family researcher who has worked with larger and more representative samples than Wallerstein's tiny handful－the vast majority of kids of divorce turn out to be.We've learned a lot about how to divorce since 1971.When Mom has enough money and Dad stays connected, when parents stay civil and don't bad-mouth each other, kids do all right.The good enough” divorce－why isn't that ever the cover story?
16.The article can be classified as one of.(A)objective commentary(B)detailed narration
(C)chronological description(D)heated argumentation 17.It can be concluded from the passage that“good enough” marriages.(A)are the tradition mainly cherished by anti-divorcers
(B)are the only accepted practice in most American families
(C)display women's demands for equality and self-development
(D)reflect the mainstream of baby boomers in America 18.According to the author of the passage, Judith Wallerstein.(A)arrivers at her generalizations without investigation
(B)carries out her investigation with prejudice
(C)interviews a large number of children of divorce
(D)only studies the effects of divorce on baby boomers
19.The sentence “We've learned a lot about how to divorce since 1971.”(Para.4)implies all of the following EXCEPT that.(A)Americans have changed attitudes towards divorce
(B)divorce has been more socially accepted since 1971
(C)the procedures of divorce have become more complicated
(D)both parents and children have learnt how to cope with divorce 20.The author of the passage holds that.(A)the child-centered unions should be continued
(B)children could never suffer more in“good enough” marriages(C)children do not care if their parents are happy or not
(D)children of divorce can also be competent and well-adjusted
SECTION 3: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the UNDERLINED PAARTS of the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Consider the following statements, made by the same man eight years apart.“Eventually, being „poor‟won't be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.”That was Bill Gates talking in 1992.Way back then, the Microsoft chairman's image was that of a rather harsh, libertarian-leaning fellow who proudly declared his products alone would “change the world.” When asked what he would do with his billions, the boy wonder of Silicon Valley used to shrug off the question, saying his long workdays didn't leave time for charity.But now listen to the same Gates－or perhaps not quite the same Gages－ talking in the fall of 2000: Whenever the computer industry has a panel about the digital divide and I'm on the panel, I always think, „OK, you want to send computers to Africa, what about food and electricity－those computers aren't going to be that valuable‟...The mothers are going to walk right up to that computer and say: “My children are dying, what can you do?”
Yes, even Bill Gates, the iconic capitalist of our day, seems to have come around.The self-assured Gates of 1992 was obviously a man of his times, confident of his industry's ability to change the world, certain that the power of markets and new technology, once unleashed, would address most of the world's ills.But the more skeptical Gates of the new millennium is someone who evinces a passion for giving and government aid.He shares a growing realization, even in the multibillionaire set, that something is amiss with the ideology that has prevailed since the end of the cold war: global-capitalism-as-panacea.SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)
Part A: Note-taking and Gap-filling
Directions: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk.You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE.While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that you can have enough in formation to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET.You are require to write ONE word or figure only in each blank, You will not get your ANSWER BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk.The habit of wearing jeans is one of the major contributions of the United States to the world.Before the 1950s, those Americans wearing jeans were children, _____________(1), manual laborers on the_____________(2)and, of course, _____________(3).But artists of both sexes and some_____________(4)male sand female students also wore them on_____________(5).In the 1950s many American schools_____________(6)them as inappropriate for the classrooms.In that period jeans started to acquire national _____________(7)in the country.After that the popularity of jeans spread from cowboys and anomic youths to_____________(8)American of virtually every_____________(9)and socio-political posture.According to the most conservative estimates, the_____________(10)sales of jeans of all kinds in the United States in 1997 was over_____________(11)million pairs.Overseas, American Western_____________(12)and former American_____________(13)in the Second World War both played a part in the popularity of jeans, which had to wait slightly longer for their time to come, partly because of their_____________(14)in any quantity in European markets.Gradually, along with the_____________(15)of denim production in the United States and the rapid growth of the_____________(16)for American-made jeans, American manufacturers began_____________(17)their product in a serious way at first to_____________(18)countries and eventually to_____________(19)America and the Far_____________(20).Part B: Listening and Translation I.Sentence Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 English sentences.You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(1)____________________________________________________
(2)____________________________________________________
(3)____________________________________________________
(4)____________________________________________________
(5)____________________________________________________
Ⅱ.Passage Translation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 English passages.You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLIT.You may take notes while you are listening.(1)____________________________________________________
(2)____________________________________________________
SECTION 5: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)
Directions: Read the following passage and then answer IN COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow each passage.Use only information from the passage you have just read and write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1～3
Nick Park, the Oscar-winning animator of Wallace and Gromit, and Damien Hirst the Turner Prize winner, are among artists and celebrities who have transformed 2, 000 blank postcards into works of art priced at ￡35.Such is the draw of the Royal College of Art's “secret” postcard exhibition-an annual event now into its seventh year－that art lovers will be queuing overnight for the chance to buy original works by internationally renowned artists.The catch－and the fun of it －is that buyers have no idea who the artist is until the end of the show.Each work is anonymous , signed only on the back of the postcard, which can't be seen until later.It forces buyers to rely on their visual sense rather than words on a label.It has led to people going home with original works by David Hockney.Eduardo Paolozzi and Frank Auerbach, among others.The postcards in this year s Secret 2000 show will be decorated by 750 indeviduals including Richard Long, the sculptor who arranges natural materials into forms;Christo, who covers building and landscapes with drapes;Zandra Rhodes, the fashion designer;David Bowie and Brian Eno, the musicians;and Terry Gilliam, the comedian.There will also be works by recent graduates of the college, so that there is no grarantee of picking the established names.But who knows? Today's unknowns may be tomorrow's Hockneys.Christopher Frayling, rector of the college, said that some artists teased buyers by deliberately producing work in the style of other artists: “It can be a detective game to work out what's what, ”he said.The art will be previewed at the college in South Kensington from November 22 before going on sale on November 30 from 8 am.Anthony Waites, 39, a postman from North London , was among those who queued overnight last year.He struck lucky and went home with a Frank Auerbach cityscape which he believes to be worth ￡10, 000.He decided to suffer for his art by getting up early after the disappointment of arriving too late to buy anything in previous years.“I got there at 6 pm.Within ten minutes, there were four people behind,” He obsessively paints the same scenes.This was Primrose Hill of Camden Town.Emily Sargeant, the exhibition curator, said that she has never known anyone to resell any of the postcards.All proceeds will go to the college's Fine Art Student Award Fund, which pays for four bursaries in perpetuity, as well as offering several hundred pounds to students who are preparing their final graduation show.More than ￡400, 000 has been raised for the fund in the in the past seven years.1.What is the Secret 2000 show?
2.Why is the show so popular with the visitors?
3.What can we learn from the example of the postman Anthony Waites?
Questions 4～6
Most journalists are content to produce a story, then sit back and watch for its effects.Not Bill and Judith Moyers, the husband-and-wife television-documentary makers whose independent production company, Public Affairs Television, has turned out 63 programs over the past 25 years, amassing more than 30 Emmy Awards.Long before completing On Our Own Terms, the four-part series on dying that airs this week on public-broadcasting stations across the U.S., they had helped launch more than 200 community-based coalitions that have been planning activities to raise public awareness of the end-stage care issues discussed in their documentary.And well after the final show ends Thursday night, nearly 70 national organizations, along with local public-TV stations and a website(pbs.org/onourownterms), will promote what they hope will become a national dialogue about death.Using money raised from a number of their traditional nonprofit and corporate backers, the Moyerses are spending as much on this education and outreach program as they did on producing the series:2.5 million.This brand of extended journalism, which includes the use of community networks, has become a Moyers trademark.After 46 years of working together, Bill, 66, and Judith, 65, have created an oeuvre that has in turn attracted its own audience.On Our Own Terms is only the latest in a series of Moyers' PBS documentaries that speak directly to the 77 million-strong baby-boom generation, which has been dictating the national agenda since coming of age in the 1960s.As wise and benevolent Uncle Bill and Aunt Judith, the , Moyerses are reaching boomers through television , the medium they grew up with, about the issues that concern them at key passage in their lives.Even the title of the series on dying is targeted at boomers, though the couple disagreed on how best to approach them.Bill wanted to call it Living with Dying.Judith, knowing from surveys that audiences shy away from words like death and dying, pushed for something hopeful.On Our Own Terms, her choice, deliberately plays to the boomer conviction, she says, that We can change things;“we can control things.” Bill thought the wording was wrong precisely because of that.“It feeds their egoism, their sense that can control things,” he said, “and they can't.”
Breaking through the personal barriers to get people to talk about issues like faith and fear may be a Moyers forte, but it is not easy to act on in real life , even for the Moyerses.After Bill's mother died a year ago April, on the first day of their shooting the series, he was struck by an image in his mind “of a shadowy figure, the back of whose head I could see as she moved toward an exit sign...Now she's gone, and there's nobody in my native family between me and the an exit sign.” He determined then to practice what he was about to preach.Someday, that is.On his desk at their home in New Jersey, Bill has a note from his son William, 41, attached to a newspaper clipping of an New Jersey, about and-of-life issues and how parents and their children don't deal with them adequately.The note reads, “Dad, Mom, when are we going to talk about this?”
“It's still there on my desk,”admits Moyers, “18 months later.”
4.What is the major difference between the Moyerses and other journalists? 5.What is On Our Own Term? What is this program about?
6.Explain the sentence “He determined then to practice what he was about to preach.”(Para.4)
Questions 7～10
The BBC last night beat off an 11th hour legal attempt to block a programme naming four men in connection with the Omagh bombing which killed 29 people/.The demand by the Northern Ireland human rights commission for the Panorama programme ot be injuncted was thrown out by the high court in Belfast, Mr Justice Kerr finding in the corporation's favour just 90 minutes ahead of transmission to end a dramatic day of legal argument.Mr.Justice Kerr said: “There is no reason to suppose that criminal proceedings against any of those taking part in the programme will be stayed.”He added that relevant sections of the Human Rights Act, which the commission argued meant the court should err on side of the person, showed that the “balance fell firmly in favour of the broadcaster.” The commission had argued that the programme's naming of suspects could prejudice any criminal trial, and thus breach the human rights of the bomb's victims and any defendants.On Friday the high court in Belfast rejected another application from Lawrence Rush, who lost his wife in the worst attack of the Troubles.Mr.Rush had asked the attorney general to take up the case but yesterday Lord Williams refused because the law on contempt of court applies up the case but yesterday Lord Williams refused because the law on contempt of court applies ONLY ONCE people are charged with a crime, and no one has been charged with the bombing.In court Karen Quinliven, for the commission, argued that identification could damage police investigations and said there were implications “for the personal safety and right to life” of those named.She also argued the right of all people to be protected from “trial by media.” She produced a letter from the RUC chief constable, Sir Ronnie Flanagan, to the director general of the BBC.In it Sir Ronnie wrote that he would wish to ensure no material would be used which “would of might be likely to have an adverse affect on future prosecutions, ”Ms Quinliven said.“would or might be likely to have an adverse affect on future prosecutions, ” Ms Quinliven said.The BBC argued that since those name lived in the Irish Republic, they were beyond the jurisdiction of the court and the commission.Ben Stephens QC, representing the corporation, said: “There is no chance of an upset to fair trial.The human rights commission has taken on itself to protect individuals outside itsjurisdiction.”
Panorama said that four men, all from the republic, were tied to the bombing by records from mobile phones they either used or supplied.The records from the day of the bombing on August 15, 1998 place those using the phones in the vicinity of scene where the device exploded and in a timescale consistent with the explosion.Panorama says that through the records the four can be tracked on their way to Omagh from the republic, staying in the town for 20 minutes and then leaving in the direction of the Irish border.The BBC claimed eyewitnesses had given evidence to the police as to who was using the mobile phones, but were too frightened to testify in court.When challenged by a BBC, all four people named refused to explain their movements on the day.On legal advice, the Guardian has decided not to name the four identified by the BBC.The programme's reporter, John Ware, said the legal precedent that would have been set if the application had succeeded would have amounted to a “gagger's charter.” Mr.Ware said: “It would mean you can't publish evidence of criminal behaviour for fear of prejudicing any trials.It would mean that a programme identifying alleged corrupt police officers couldn't run, as that would jeopardise a fair trial.”
After the verdict, a BBC spokesman said: “Many of the victims' relatives clearly wanted the programme to be broadcast including those who took part in the programme.They and many others hope that the transmission of this programme will help bring to justice those responsible for the Omagh atrocity.”
Brice Dixon, head of the commission, said: “We've concerned that if no successful prosecution ensues because of the risk of an unfair trial, the victims are left without justice and that breaches their human rights.” The commission was set up under the Good Friday agreement and charged with defending human rights in the province.7.What is the demand from the Northern Ireland human rights commission? 8.What is BBC's view on the issue of naming in their programme the four men tied to the Omagh bombing?
9.What do we know about the attitudes of relatives of victims in Omagh bombing towards the issue?
10.What is the verdict of the high court in Belfast?
SECTION 6: LISTENING TEST(30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.长期以来，科学同艺术之间的关系一直是剃头担子一头热：科学热恋着艺术，艺术却拒科学于千里之外。
许多大科学家一生钟爱艺术，且懂艺术，从中汲取养料，善养浩然之气，或得到人生最大安慰。相反，热爱自然科学并且理解工程技术的文学艺术家真可谓凤毛麟角。
艺术家对自然科学望而生畏，敬而远之，原因之一是里面有一大堆高深的学公式。其实，撇开学，绕过那一大堆公式，一门学科的基本思想还是可以被我们理解和欣赏的。这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱，却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣，击节称赞。
参考答案:
SECTLON1: LISTENLNG TEST(30 minutes)
Part A: Spot Dictation
11.announcements and the 1.sleep and eat
assignment 2.get some exercise 3.do all these things 4.and write papers 5.have a quiz 6.Should you sleep late
12.because you are sick 13.make up the work 14.before you are sick 15.In high school 16.get a perfect score 7.the professor of the course 17.answer every question correctly 8.they require attendance 9.Once in a while
18.basic ideas
19.his or her office hours 10.more than a few times 20.repeat 10.what they said in class PART B: Listening Comprehension
1-5 A D B C A 11-15 B D A A C
6-10 C D D C B 16-20 B A B C A
SECTION 2: READING TEST 1-5 D B B C A 11-15 D C C B A
6-10 B C D D A 16-20 D A B C D
SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST
请思考一下同一个人在相隔8 年前后说的话，“说到底，贫穷与其说是指生活在贫穷的国家、不如说是指只拥有低劣的技术。”这是比尔·盖茨在1992 年说的话。想当年，这位微软公司董事长的形象是个待人严厉、有自由(意志论)倾向的家伙，他得意地宣称只需要靠自己的产品就可以“改变世界。”……
是的，即便是今天的资本家偶像比尔·盖茨，似乎也改变了想法。1992 年时充满自信的盖茨显然属于那个时代，相信他从事的行业拥有改变世界的能力，确信市场和新技术的 力量一旦得到释放，就可以解放世界上的绝大多数问题。但是新千年的盖茨对此持怀疑态度，表现出一种对奉献和政府援助的热情。尽管他已是亿万富翁，但也越来越认识到自冷 战结束以来盛行的“全球资本主义是万灵药”的意识形态一定有不当之处。
SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST
Part A: Note-taking and Gap-filling
1.farmers/land-owners/peasants 11.500 2.job/post 3.cowboys 4.college/university 5.campus 6.banned/regarded/described 7.fame/reputation/identity/popularity 8.adult/grown-up/average/ordinary 9.age/stratum 10.annual/yearly/total/entire
12.movies/films/pictures 13.servicemen/soldiers/Gis 14.unavailability 15.increase/growth
16.demand/need/requirement 17.exporting/selling/marketing 18.European 19.Latin 20.East Part B: Listening and Translation
Ⅰ.Sentence Translation
1.16 岁以上人士可以读继续教育学院，多课程是与工作相关的职业课程。
2.艺术教学有 多方法，但我认为主要的是要鼓励每个孩子的想像力，允 他们尽可能自由地表达自己。
3.接下来的数月里销售额持续下降，但随后形势好转，销售陡然上升。
4.我谈一下英国公路交通事故问题。1992 年到2000 年期间，事故总数波动很大。
5.我们是意大利公司在英国的子公司，我们正在考虑为英国开发一些新产品系列，比如供应英国市场饮料。
Ⅱ.Passage Translation
1.1970 年到1990 年期间，伴随着农业人口下降，城市人口幅上升。在有些年份，100 多万男女离开农场，到国内日益扩大的城市地区寻找更好的机会。在另一极端，主要是年 轻夫妇从旧城区迁往郊区，寻求更好的生活条件以抚养自己的家庭。结果是巨大的城郊住宅开发项目几乎是一夜之间冒了出来。2.烟草业今天就香烟广告向卫生部发出反击。他们发表了一份报告，声称香烟广告并不鼓励人们抽更多的烟，只是鼓励人们买某种品牌的烟。报告的依据是从全球90 个国家收 集的数据。报告与卫生部上有月发表的数字有冲突，这些数字表明禁止广告会减少香烟消费。烟草业的发言人说“如果一种产品合法，那么做这种产品的广告也应该是合法的。”
SECTION 5：READING TEST(答案要点)
1.a show of postcards with drawings from hundreds of artists, “celebrities”(well-known people)/including sculptors, fashion designers and musicians/comedians
2.drawings on blank postcard personally by artists/some are internationally famous/each piece is “anonymous ”/names of artists will not be known until the end of the show/some of the drawings can be most precious and valuable
3.an art lover/who knows some of the artists their styles quite well/interested in the experience of “buying blindly”/bought some valuable card
4.others: “content”to produce/make “a story”/program not directly involved in social changes or activities.Bill and Judith Moyers: not restrict themselves to producing TV programs/ “extended Journalism”/help set up organizations/activities/discussions/“raise public awareness”towards some major social issues
5.a four-part television series/documentary about/ “end-of-life”issues/sattitudes towards dying and death/ “end-stage care”its major audience baby-boom generation 6.Bill would directly face the issue he dealt with in his programs/link one's own behavior/attitudes with advice/apply instructions given to others to his own case
7.stop the broadcasting of the Panorama programme/the programme's naming of suspects can lead to prejudice in trials of criminals/ “damage police investigation”
8.no possibility to “upset”a fair trial/named suspects “beyond jurisdiction”/evidence of their tying to the bombing/eye witness giving evidence to police
9.positive attitude/welcome the broadcasting of the programme/the programme will bring justice to victims and criminals
10.in favour of the broadcasting/transmission of the Panorama programme in which the suspects are named/criminal proceedings will not be delayed(“stayed”)/naming of suspects not violating the Human Rights Act
SECTION 6:TRANSLATION TEST
The relationship that science keeps with art has long been that of one-sided enthusiasm.That is, while science loves art passionately, art keeps itself far away from science.Many renowned scientists love art all their lives.They understand art, and are very good at getting nutrients from art to enhance their noble spirits or to derive the greatest comfort from burdens of life.On the contrary, a literary artist who loves natural science and has some idea about engineering technology can be well regarded as a rarity of rarities.One of the reasons why artists stand in awe before science or keep a respectful distance from it is that science involves a huge stack of abstruse mathematical formulas.But leaving aside mathematics and bypassing that huge stack, we are still able to give a passionate response to its main melody, greatly admiring the music although we can read nothing of the score of Mozart's musical pieces.听力测试题录音文字稿:
SECTION 1:LISTENING TEST Part A: Spot Dictation
Directions: In this part of the test.you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.Now, let's begin Part A with Spot Dictation.You have been at Furnell University for two weeks now.As usual, you need enough time to sleep and eat.You also want to spend time with your new friends and get some exercise.But, after the first two weeks of classes, you have probably concluded that there isn't enough time to do all these things, because you also have no attend classes, go to labs, do assignments and write papers.Soon you will be in a situation like this one: You are going to have a quiz in your ten o'clock class.You studied for it until 3 a.m.You also have an eight o'clock.Should you sleep late and skip the eight o'clock class?
To some extent the answer depends on the professor of the course.Some instructors announce that they require attendance.In that case you really should go to class.Some don't say anything.In that case you have to decide.Once in a while it is better to stay in bed and sleep than to get so tired you cannot think, However, it is not a good idea to skip class more than a few times.If you have to skip a class.ask another student for the class notes, announcements and the assignment.Also, come to the next class prepared.If you miss class because you are sick, tell the instructor afterward.He or she may let you make up the work.If you have an important appointment, tell the instructor about it before you miss the class.Here is another problem.You took the quiz.Even after studying very hard, you could not answer all the questions.In high school you always not every answer right.What went wrong? Nothing.High school work is easy, so a good student is supposed to get a prefect score.In college the teacher wants to challenge even the best students.Therefore, almost nobody answers every question correctly.But maybe there some very basic ideas in that course you don't understand.Go see the teacher during his or her office hours.Most teachers will gladly explain things again.Of course, they will not be pleased to repeat what they said in class to someone who skipped class.Maybe you really should get up for that eight o'clock class!
Part B: Listening Comprehension
Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations.After each one, you will be asked some question.The talks, conversation and question will be spoken ONLY ONCE.Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Now let's begin Part B Listening Comprehension.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following conversation.(Male)I recently read an article which said that in primary schools in particular chances of promotions of women in primary education.Is this something you've noticed or is this something you feel?
(Female)No, this is something that is so.I read that article, too.I would have written it myself, really.And we come back full circle really because it's not just teaching, I mean it's everything that men are getting promotion more quickly than women.In the primary sector there are far more women teachers than men but there are more headmasters than headmistresses.(Male)So where does that leave someone like you? I mean what, what are the possibilities of your promotion in primary education? At the moment you're in charge of a section of the school.(Female)Yes I'm in charge of the infant department which goes from the children who are three to the children who are seven.And they transfer when they are seven to higher up the school which is called the junior department, So I'm in charge of the Lower School, if you like.(Male)And do you have ambition in that sense? I mean would you like to be a headmistress?
(Female)No no no I would not.I would not like to be a headmistress at all.I mean this is the next stage of my career were I ambitious...um...but I basically enjoy being a classroom teacher.Now perhaps this gives a clue to why there are not more women heads.I don't know I mean in the past it may have been that, and it may still be , that because boys are brought up to be more ambitious, that they're the ones who are going for promotion and quick promotion, I mean rapid promotion so that they are heads by the time they're thirty and they start out in their career thinking that whereas I enjoy being a class teacher and um－I was a deputy head before I got this post but I prefer to be in the classroom with the children than sitting at a desk doing administration which is what being a head means if you're a head of a largish school.(Male)Are you pleased that you chose primary teaching as a career and if...if someone came up to you at school leaving age and was wondering about what they were going to do, would you advise them to follow in your footsteps?
(Female)I'm very pleased that I did－well I'm pleased most of the time.Monday morning I'm not pleased.Some mornings during the week and the end of the holidays I'm not pleased.I'm a primary school teacher, I mean basically I am.Because I left teaching once and then went back into it, so I think that shows that I am committed to be a primary school teacher.Question NO.1.What has the man read recently?
Question NO.2.What does the woman mean by the “Lower School”? Question NO.3.According to the woman, why do men get rapid promotion? Question NO.4.What does the woman want for herself?
Question NO.5.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the dialogue?
Question 6 to 10 are based on the following news.NEW DELHI
Italian-born Sonia Gandhi was overwhelmingly reelected president of India's opposition Congress Party yesterday, crushing the unwelcome challenge of little-known dissident.A senior official of the troubled centrist group said the widow of former prime minister Rajiv Gandhi won all but 180 of the 7, 767 ballots cast by party delegates around the country on Sunday.Former party vice-president Jitendra Prasada, who made history by becoming the first person to contest the leadership of India's oldest party against a member of the Nehru-Gandhi dynasty, tookjust 94 votes.Eighty-six other votes were invalid.More than 2, 000 exuberant Gandhi supporters gathered outside the Congress Party headquarters in New Delhi as the vote count came to a close.Many of them had already completed several hours of celebration, setting off firecrackers, waving banners and chanting Gandhi's name LISBON
A Russian-built Antonov plane crashed near Luanda yesterday, killing all 40 people aboard and one person on the ground, Portugal's Lusa news agency reported from the Angolan capital.Lusa had earlier quoted Angolan National Radio as saying the 24 people were believed aboard the plane that came down at 13:00 local time, some five minutes after taking off.The Portuguese agency said that one of its correspondents had counted 41 bodies at the scene of the crash in open country on the outskirts of Luanda.It said that the bodies, including some women and children, were badly burned.BOGOTA
Colombia's top rebel group broke off peace talks with the government yesterday, saying it had failed to halt right-wing“terrorism”and was laying the groundwork for a Viet Nam-style, US military intervention in the Andean nation.The surprise move by the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia(FARC), Latin America's largest rebel army, came at a meeting in its Switzerland-sized safe haven in southeastern jungles, where guerrilla commanders and government delegates were supposed to outline term for their first bilateral cease-fire in 13 years.Instead, FARC issued a stiffly worded statement saying it was indefinitely suspending the slow-moving peace talks it began in January 1999.BERNE
The Swiss Government asked parliament yesterday to ratify a treaty establishing an international criminal court to try mass murderers and other gross violators of human rights.The court, to be based in the Dutch city of The Hague, would try the most heinous crimes－ genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity.“Setting up a permanent criminal court that aims to put an end to leaving criminals unpunished has been expected for decades.Its creation marks a valuable contribution to peace and security,”the foreign ministry said in a statement.Twenty-two countries have ratified the treaty drawn up in Rome in 1998.A total of 60 must do so before the court can start up.Some 115 countries have signed up for the court, signaling their intention to ratify the treaty.PARIS
French authorities claim they will destroy all meat and bone meal used in the manufacture of animal feed yesterday.The claim was made one day after Prime Minister Lionel Jospin announced a ban on such feed to prevent the spread of “mad cow disease.” Francois Patriat, the French State Secretary for Consumption under the Ministry of Agriculture, said France has the means to cope with this emergency situation.France needs to destroy about 1 million tons of such feed within one year.It has so far destroyed 140, 000 tons and is in the process of stocking and destroying 500, 000 tons more now.Question No.6.What happened recently in India?
Question No.7.How many people were killed in a plane crash in Angola? Question No.8.What happened in the Latin American country of Colombia? Question No.9.What does the Swiss government ask the parliament to do? Question No.10.What do the French authorities claim they will do?
Question 11 to 15 are based on following interview.(Male)So, Juuliet you...you have a very powerful voice, with a wonderful range from high to low...does it take a lot of looking after?
(Female)Um...not more so than anybody else, I don't think...um, but er, I'm very lazy, I'm sure I'm doing a lot of things wrong, um, but er, so far so good.I do look after it in the fact that I try not to get very tired, or wear myself out, because not just, you know,...talking does as much damage, and laughing the wrong way, as singing does...(Man)It that so? I didn't realise that...(Female)Yeah...Some people talk...If you talk like this, you put a lot of strain on the back of cords there, um, that does a lot of damage to your vocals over a number of years, so you try and, I try and talk the way I'm talking now, not very fast, not very high-pitched, and without much pressure on my voice.(Man)When you're singing, you sound, your voice sounds wonderfully relaxed, but that's not the idea that most people would have of the music business as a whole.Is the, is the life-style very stressful?
(Female)Yes, as a matter of fact, it's very demanding, um, it's probably like a, an executivejob, um, where you can't come home at a certain nine-to-five, you can't spend a lot of your time with people around you, you feel detached because you know, it's like, I, I...I don't necessarily have a schedule, I might work weekends, um, but...I don't actually mind, but it's like your family, your boyfriend, or your husband, or whatever, they can't get to see you, it's like last night, I, er it's like I was supposed to be going out to dinner with old friend, you know with some friends, and, I ended, I was at a studio, and I said, oh I should be finished around seven, and of course eleven o'clock came, and I was still at the studio, and everybody was raving mad, and I got there only to find that everybody was getting ready to leave the restaurant...Things like that do happen, you know you can't, you...you're not tied to that, and because of that sometimes you feel you can't do things that other people, nine-to-five, can do.You might have a day off on a Tuesday, and all your nine-to-five friends have got to get up to go to work, so they don't necessarily want to go out on the town or to the countryside or to the beach, the way you might want to on a Saturday, and so you find that you, you change, and you hang around with more people in the business, because their schedules all fit yours...(Man)You mean it is your music career that determines the pattern of your social life?
(Female)Yes, I mean you can have more of a social life within the business.It's not that you just want to hang out with the famous people, it's just that they're the ones that are available...Question No.11.What is thejob of the woman is being interviewed? Question No.12.In the interview, the woman is comparing her job with another type of work.Question No.13.According to the interview, which of the following statements is NOT true?
Question No.14.Why did the woman let down her friends by being late at the restaurant last night?
Question No.15.What is the main topic of this interview?
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following talk.(Man)In the United States, homelessness had grown at a dramatic rate during the last decade.Estimates of the number of Americans currently without a permanent home vary wildly.Advocacy groups like the National Coalition for the Homeless say that close to 3 million Americans live on the streets or in emergency and temporary shelters.The U.S.Department of Housing and Urban Development puts the figure at 350, 000.Yet both bureaucrats and advocates agree on one point, that is, the face of homelessness has changed radically in the past 10 years, as more and more low-income housing is mowed down in the name of progress.Some 20 years ago, says Kristen Morris, assistant director of the New York, office of the National Coalition for the Homeless, the typical “street person”was a White male who suffered from a mental illness or an addiction to drugs or alcohol.Today's homeless, however, are a more eclectic group.More than 60 percent of the homeless today are Black, mostly single mothers with small children.More than half of them have never been homeless before.In many cases, they have been evicted form their homes, or the low-income housing in which they lived was demolished or burned down.About 60 percent of all homeless people live on some form of public assistance with an average monthly income of 210 dollars.About 20 percent are mentally ill.According to Marie Robinson who is a lawyer for the coalition for the Homeless, “There has been a real democratization of skid row”.All sorts of people have been pushed out of the housing market because of the critical shortage of affordable places to live.As a result, homelessness has climbed to the top of the “me-generation's”short list of social concerns.But there is a great gap between concern and active involvement in the effort to solve this growing problem.For many people, the inaction is due to ignorance, not indifference.According to Ellen Rocks, who is executive director of the House of Ruth, a Washington, D.C., organization that provides shelter and other services to women who are homeless or are the victims of domestic violence, “There area a lot of people who want to get involved but don't really know how.”
The fact is that there are many ways in which individuals can help the homeless.Yet for those people truly interested in the cause, one of the first steps is to get to know the homeless and understand how they became that way.Many advocates believe that it is important for middle-class people to get to know and reach out to the homeless and bridge the gap that exists.“Middle-class people have to learn that what is happening in America today is all-out war on the poor.Just as America once robbed the Indians of their land, today we're robbing the poor of affordable housing.”
Question No.16.According to the US Department of Housing and Urban Development, how many Americans are homeless?
Question No.17.According to talk, which of the following is responsible for the dramatic growth rate of homelessness?
Question No.18.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the homeless people?
Question No.19.Why is there a great gap between mere concern and active involvement in solving the problem?
Question No.20.According to the talk, what is one of the first steps to help these homeless people?
SECTION 4: LISTENING TEST
Part A: Note-taking and Gap-filling
Directions: In this part of the test you will hear a short talk.You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE.While listening to the talk, you may take notes on the important points so that can have enough information to complete a gap-filling task on a separate ANSWER BOOKLET.You will not get your ANSWER BOOKLET until after you have listened to the talk.Now listen to the talk carefully.(Woman)Beyond doubt, thejeans phenomenon is a seismic event in the history of dress, and not only in the United States.Indeed, the habit of wearing jeans is－along with the computer, the copying machine, rock music, polio vaccine, and the hydrogen bomb－one of the major contributions of the United States to postwar world at large.Before the nineteen-fifties, jeans were worn, principally in the West and Southwest of the United States, by children, farmers, manual laborers when on the job, and of course, cowboys.There were isolated exceptions－for example, artists of both sexes took to blue jeans in and around Santa Fe, New Mexico, in the nineteen-twenties and thirties;around 1940, the male students at Williams College took them up as a mark of differentiation from the chino-wearing snobs of Yale and Princeton;and in the late forties the female students of Bennington College adopted them as a virtual uniform, though only for wear on campus －but in the nineteen-fifties, James Dean and Marlon Brando worejeans in movies about youth in a revolt against parents and society.John Wayne wore them in movies about untrammeled heroes in a lawless Old West, many schools from coast to coast gave a boost to jeans by banning them as inappropriate for classrooms.So jeans acquired the ideological baggage necessary to propel them to national fame.After that fame came quickly, and it was not long before young Americans－whether to express social dissent, to enjoy comfort , or to follow their peers－had become so attached to their jeans that some hardly ever took them off.According to a jeans authority, a young man in the North Bronx with a large and indulgent family attained some sort of record by continuously wearing the same pair of jeans, even for bathing and sleeping, for over eight months.Eventually, as all the world knows, the popularity of jeans spread from cowboys and anomic youths to adult Americans of virtually every are and sociopolitical posture, conspicuously including Jimmy Carter when he was a candidate for the presidency.Trucks containing jeans came to rank as one of the three leading targets of hijackers, along with those containing liquor and cigarettes.Estimates of jeans sales in the United States vary wildly, chiefly because the line between jeans and slacks has come to be a fuzzy one.According to the most conservative figures, put out by the leading jeans manufacturer, Levi Strauss &Company, of San Francisco, annual sales of jeans of all kinds in the United States by all manufacturers in 1957 stood at around a hundred and fifty million pairs, while for 1997 they came to over five hundred million, or considerably more than two pairs for every man, woman, and child in the country.Overseas, jeans had to wait slightly longer for their time to come.American Western movies and the example of American servicemen from the West and Southwest stationed abroad who, as soon as the Second World War ended, changed directly from their service uniforms into blue jeans bought at post exchanges started a fad for them among Europeans in the late nineteen-forties.But the fad remained a small one, partly because of the unavailability of jeans in
第三篇：2009年9月英语中级口译笔试真题
2009年9月英语中级口译听力原文+音频+部分真题
SECTION 1 LISTENING TEST 45 minutes
Part A Spot Dictation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.For centuries, people have been fighting over whether governments should allow trade between countries.There have been, and probably always will be two sides to the argument.Some people argue that just letting everybody trade freely is best for both the country and the world.Others argue, that trade with other countries makes it harder for some people to make a good living.Both sides are at least partly right.International trade matters a lot.It's a fact on the life of people are enormous.Imagine a world in which your country did not trade at all with other countries.Imagine what kind of job you would be likely to get.And what goods you could buy or not buy in such a world.For the United States for example, start by imagining that it lived without its 70 billion dollars a year in imported oil, and cut back on its energy use because the remaining domestic oil and other energy sources were more expensive.Producers and consumers in other parts of the economy would feel the same if they were suddenly stripped a oreign-made goods like CD players and clothing.On the export side, suppose that Boeing could sell airplanes, and farmers could sell their corps only within the United States, and that US universities could admit only domestic students.In each case, there are people who gain, and people who lose from cutting off international trade.In any case, less or more international trade will have strong affects on your career, as well as your life.For years, American companies are often faced with the choice of buying American-made goods which are expensive, and foreign made goods which are cheap.If the company buys America goods, it may anger tax payers by feeling to keep prices low.But if they buy us foreign goods, it may endanger the jobs of American workers.Recently, congress has passed a law compiling American companies with government contracts to give preference to domestic goods and services.Part B Listening Comprehension
I.Statements
Questions 1~10
1.Are you looking for someone who can translate this contract into Portuguese? What about our new secretary? I hear she had stayed in Brazil for several years.2.Finding employment is not easy these days even in big cities.If I were you, I would be delighted with such a job offer.3.Also present at the conference is Dr.Madison, who will join our discussion this afternoon to give an expert view on the current situation of global economy.4.If you intend to try bungee jumping, most coutries require that you be over the age of 18 and join a bungee jumping club or be properly instructed for the sport.5.Keeping a business firm running is far more difficult than starting it.According to current statistics, 2/3 of new business firms will fail in the first five years.6.Scientists report that hunting or eating wild animals not only destroy the balance of nature, but also run the risk of being infected by virus from animals.7.We can never learn a foreign language in the same way as we acquire our first.For even a three-year-old child can have thousands of hours of contact with his mother tongue.8.Once you enroll in full or part-time courses at this college, our services are all free of charge except that you pay 30 pence a copy for any photo copying made here.9.If you have yet to appoint a new sale's manager in charge of our LA office, Mrs.Coleman was born there and has good connections.10.Suppose the gasoline tank of your car holds twenty gallons, and you average 16 miles to the gallon, how far can you drive on a tank-full-gasoline?
II.Talks and Conversations
Questions 11~14
B: Hey Mary, you look depressed.Is everything OK?
G: It's my parents.They are not easy to put up with.They are so old fashioned and they never let me do anything.I go out at night only once in a while, and when I do, I have to be back by 10:00.What should I do?
B: Have you tried to talk to them?
G: They never have any time for me.My dad's work comes first, and my mum only sits down with me when she wants to show me off to her friends:° Marry gets straight As, and she made basketball team this year!“ Er, I want to move out and live on my own!
B: Well, I get along with my parents, but we don't agree all the time.They worry too much about me.If I'm going away, it's always: ”don't forget to call as soon as you arrive!“, ”take this medicine with you in case you get sick°,° you must stay away from drugs.“ They know I'm not into that.They should trust me.G: I guess parents are all the same.11.What does the woman think of her parents? 12.Which of the following is TRUE about the woman? 13.What do this man°s parents often ask him to do when he is going away? 14.What does the man think his parents should do? Questions 15~18
Ladies and Gentlemen, we all know that even with the advances of science and technology in our modern society, it is very difficult for us to predict an earthquake, let alone, prevented.But people had long ago tried every possible means to record and in some way predict the occurrence of an earthquake.The world's first instrument for recording earth quakes was invented in China in the second century AD.The instrument, today we would call it a seismoscope was designed by a Chinese astronomer, and geographer named Zhangheng.It was a vessel like device made of bronze and measured in 6 feet in diameter.Inside the instrument, there was a pendulum that was swing from the movement of a trimmer that is too weak to be felt by a human being.When the pendulum swung, it will pull one of the attached bars.The bar will open the mouth of the dragon sculpture on the outside of the vessel.And a bronze ball will drop, and fall with a clang into the open mouth of a frog sculpture below.This seismoscope could not only record the movement of an earthquake, but also show from which direction of the earthquake came.In AD 138, Zhangheng used his invention to announce that a major earthquake has struck 400 miles northwest of Luoyang, the Chinese capital.His report came long before massagers on horse back brought news of the earthquake to the capital city.15.For what purpose was the vessel like seismoscope invented? 16.What is the function of the pendulum inside the instrument? 17.According to the talk, what happened in the year AD 138? 18.How was the news of earthquake brought to the capital city before the invention of such an instrument?
Questions 19~22
B: Hi Betty, nice to see you again!How long ago did we two meet in the student centre? I'm glad the final examinations are over, and we don't have to stay up all night to cram all the academic stuff into our minds.G: Yes.I°m glad we can be here again to relax, and have fun with other fellow students.And now we can look forward to our summer holiday.I've been thinking of going to the States for some time.B: I think it would be much better for you to go on holiday here in England than to the United States.To start with, it's a lot nearer, and so it would be much cheaper to get around.That means you will have far more money to spend.G: That may be true.But thinking about when you get there.There are much more to do in the United States.There are so many different things to see, and places to go.Imagine you could go to New York, San Francisco, the Grand Canyon, and Disney World!
B: Exactly!Disney World!I have been dreaming of going there ever since my childhood.G: So, you are changing your mind, aren't you?
B: I'm still worrying about the cost of taking a trip to the States.Meanwhile, if you stay here in England, you can probably take up some part-time jobs.That way, you can earn extra money to support your study next semester.G: Maybe you are right.I°ll think it over, and talk about it with my parents while I'm home.Anyway, it is they who pay for my study here in the university.19: What has the man been doing recently?
20: Why does the man wants to spend his holiday in England? 21: Where is this conversation taking place? 22.At the end of the conversation, what does the woman decide to do?
Questions 23~26
All humans experience stress.It is a necessary part of life.Generally speaking, a person's ability to deal with stress is affected by his or her feelings, attitude and outlook on life.To start with, my topic for this week's lecture is teenage stress.Parents tend to think that their children's adolescence is a carefree period of life.However, study show that teenagers can experience the most stress of all people.They can experience stress related to money, family problems, self-esteem, acceptance by their peers, getting accepted into college, choosing a career, and pressure to do well in school, sports or clubs.One reason for such stress is that childhood has gotten shorter, and the perception of children has changed.With the rapid advance of information technology, children can get messages that in the past, were probably meant only for adults.And the dividing line between childhood and adulthood ceases to exist.Children do not play as many as their games as we used to.And most of their games and sports nowadays are those usually performed by adults.Youngsters are encouraged to use adult language that was once never to be heard around a child.Today, our people are under tremendous pressure to achieve and succeed.It seems to me that the higher our living standard is, the more stress our children experience.In any case, the way by which we live today definitely has something to do with the increase of the level of stress.23.According to the talk, how would parents view their children's adolescence? 24.Which of the following is not a stress-related phenomenon for teenagers? 25.According to the speaker, what kind of messages can children get today? 26.What has contributed to the increase of the level of stress?
Questions 27~30
A: Good afternoon, Mr.Brown.Won't you take a seat? That's an attractive shirt, is that new? B: Fairly, I got it last month for my birthday.A: It's very nice.Mr.Brown, I've been enjoying working with you, and you certainly have made some significant contributions.Today, however, I need to speak with you about a problem I have observed.When we are done speaking, I anticipate that we will have a solution worked out for this problem.Does that sound reasonable to you?
B: Sure, this must be serious.You are so formal.A: Yes, Mr.Brown.During the past month, I have observed you returning late from lunch on 5 different occasions.I have the specific deeds listed here.B: Hey, I wasn't late, I was running errands.A: Mr.Brown, I'm going to give you a chance to respond in just a minute.I need you to listen first.If we interrupt each other, we aren't going to get anywhere.B: Okay.A: I first observed this change in behavior last month, but I ignored it, assuming that you were engaging in work related activities.However, the end of the month reports came in, and they reviewed a definite drop in your productivity, and significant increase in errors.I spoke with you on the 3rd, and the 17th.On each occasion, the smell of alcohol was obvious.Today, the smell of alcohol is obvious.Drinking while on the job is strictly against company policy.Is there a reason for this change in your behavior?
B: There is no change in behavior.I only had one beer at lunch.That's not a crime, is it?
A: I'd like this to be a problem solving session, not a warning session.You are a valuable employee, and I'd like it to stay that way.I'd like to help you, but you have to be willing to be truthful.Would you like to talk about this with a professional councilor?
B: If you think that would help.A: I don't know if it will help.That part is up to you.But I'm willing to work with you.Here's the telephone number of Dr.Laurence.I'd like you to call him and set up an appointment.In the mean time, you must understand that alcohol during working hours is strictly forbidden.Failure to observe this rule will lead to dismissal.May I count on you to observe this rule?
B: I'll do my best.27.What does the man think of the woman's opening remark?
28.According to the conversation, what has the woman observed recently? 29.What does the woman suggest to help solve the problem? 30.What is the company rule according to the woman?
Part C Listening and Translation
I.Sentence Translation
1.Workers who can still demonstrate their capacity to carry out their work should not be asked to retire simply because they have reached a certain age.2.We had only expected around 20 people to apply for that post, but twice as many showed up, so we had to work overnight for the arrangement of interviews.3.Many American companies now understand that they must study Chinese laws, trade practices and culture in order to be more effective in doing business with their new trading partners.4.Not long ago, people were still arguing over whether not climate change was actually taking place, now there was broad consensus that it is happening, and that human activities are largely to blame.5.It is known that human intelligence is attributable to both heredity and environment, but the genetic factors are more important than the environmental ones.II.Passage Translation
1.I think examinations are much better than homework.I prefer having exams at the end of a school year to doing homework every week.For me, the problem with homework is that the pressure is on you all the time, and everything you do counts towards your final result.With examinations, you can work really hard only in the final stages.I also like to get up early and go through my notes on the day of the exam.That way, everything is fresh in my mind.2.Listening is one of the things we do most, yet listening isn't easy.First, we are surrounded by noise, people talking or shouting, the sound of traffic, or the roar of airplanes over the head, which makes any listening job a challenge.Second, we often don't seem to remember even when we do listen.By the time the speaker has finished a 10-minute speech, the average person has already forgotten half of what was said.Within 48 hours, another 50% has been forgotten.In other word, we quickly forget nearly all of what we hear.SECTION 2
PASSAGE 2
IT’S Monday morning, and you’re having trouble waking your teenagers.You’re not alone.Indeed, each morning, few of the country’s 17 million high school students are awake enough to get much out of their first class, particularly if it starts before 8 a.m.Sure, many of them stayed up too late the night before, but not because they wanted to.Research shows that teenagers’ body clocks are set to a schedule that is different from that of younger children or adults.This prevents adolescents from dropping off until around 11 p.m., when they produce the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin, and waking up much before 8 a.m.when their bodies stop producing melatonin.The result is that the first class of the morning is often a waste, with as many as 28 percent of students falling asleep, according to a National Sleep Foundation poll.Some are so sleepy they don’t even show up, contributing to failure and dropout rates.Here’s an idea: stop focusing on testing and instead support changing the hours of the school day, starting it later for teenagers and ending it later for all children.Indeed, no one does well when they’re sleep-deprived, but insufficient sleep among children has been linked to obesity and to learning issues like attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.You’d think this would spur educators to take action, and a few have.In 2002, high schools in Jessamine County in Kentucky pushed back the first bell to 8:40 a.m., from 7:30 a.m.Attendance immediately went up, as did scores on standardized tests, which have continued to rise each year.Districts in Virginia and Connecticut have achieved similar success.In Minneapolis and Edina，Minn., which instituted high school start times of 8:40 a.m.and 8:30 a.m.respectively in 1997, students’ grades rose slightly and lateness, behavioral problems and dropout rates decreased.Later is also safer.When high schools in Fayette County in Kentucky delayed their start times to 8:30 a.m., the number of teenagers involved in car crashes dropped, even as they rose in the state.So why hasn’t every school board moved back that first bell? Well, it seems that improving teenagers’ performance takes a back seat to more pressing concerns: the cost of additional bus service, the difficulty of adjusting after-school activity schedules and the inconvenience to teachers and parents.But few of these problems actually come to pass, according to the Center for Applied Research and Educational Improvement at the University of Minnesota.In Kentucky and Minnesota, simply flipping the starting times for the elementary and high schools meant no extra cost for buses.There are other reasons to start and end school at a later time.According to Paul Reville, a professor of education policy at Harvard and chairman of the Massachusetts Board of Education, “Trying to cram everything our 21st-century students need into a 19th-century six-and-a-half-hour day just isn’t working.” He says that children learn more at a less frantic pace, and that lengthening the school day would help “close the achievement gap between disadvantaged students and their better-off peers.” PASSAGE 3
It's estimated that every year 100,000 children aged 16 and under run away from home.The London Refuge, an unremarkable house on an unremarkable street, is the only place in Britain that will give them a bed.Last year it gave sanctuary to 238 children, of whom the youngest was 11.What happened to the other 99,762? Nobody knows, although it's a fair bet that some of them ended up on the streets, that some fell into inappropriate and dangerous company, that some didn't survive.“The mere fact that they're running away puts them at risk,” says Lorna Simpson, the refuge's deputy manager.“On the streets they'll mix with other young people.They're so naive;they don't understand that people who are nice to them will want payback.Our job is to make them safe.” Simpson, a former social worker, is a calm woman of great warmth.The refuge has six beds and has been open since 1993, often with the threat of closure hanging over it.The problem has nothing to do with the quality of its service – Ofsted ranks it as outstandingjust as it is well known on the other side of the Atlantic that Europeans, above all the French and the Germans, are slackers who could do with a bit of America's vigorous work ethic.But a new survey suggests that even those vacations American employees do take are rapidly vanishing, to the extent that 40% of workers questioned at the start of the summer said they had no plans to take any holiday at all for the next six months, more than at any time since the late 1970s.It is probably mere coincidence that George Bush, one of the few Americans who has been known to enjoy a French-style month off during August, cut back his holiday in Texas this year to a fortnight.But the survey by the Conference Board research group, along with other recent statistics, suggests an epidemic泛滥 of overwork among ordinary Americans.A quarter of people employed in the private sector in the US get no paid vacation at all, according to government figures.Unlike almost all other industrialized nations, including Britain, American employers do not have to give paid holidays.The average American gets a little less than four weeks of paid time off, including public holidays, compared with 6.6 weeks in the UKand 7.9 weeks for Italy.One study showed that people employed by the US subsidiary of a London-based bank would have to work there for 10 years just to be entitled to the same vacation time as colleagues in Britain who had just started their jobs.Even when they do take vacations, overworked Americans find it hard to switch off.One in three finds not checking their email and voicemail more stressful than working, according to a study by the Travelocity website, while the traumas of travel take their own toll.”We commonly complain we need a vacation from our vacations,“ the author Po Bronson wrote recently.”We leave home tired;we come back exhausted.“ Christian Schneider, a German-born scholar at the Wharton business school in Philadelphia, argues that there is ”a tendency to really relax in Europe, to disengage from work.When an American finally does take those few days of vacation per year they are most likely to be in constant contact with the office.“ Mindful that well-rested workers are more productive than burnt-out ones, the accounting firm PricewaterhouseCoopers has started closing all its US offices completely twice a year, for 10 days over Christmas and about five around Independence Day.”We wanted to create an environment where people could walk away and not worry about missing a meeting, a conference call or 300 emails," Barbara Kraft, a partner at the company, told the New York Times.Left to themselves, Americans fail to take an average of four days of their vacation entitlement-an annual national total of 574m unclaimed days.中译英
有两个大款附庸风雅，参加一个冷餐会，与会者自然不乏真正的名流学者。席间，一个学者与其中的大款甲闲聊，话题不知怎么扯到莎士比亚身上。学者问大 款甲：“先生是否对莎士比亚最感兴趣？”大款甲顿了顿，随即正色说：“相比之下，还是威士忌合我口味。”这时，大家都暗自窃笑。大款乙也看出了苗头，悻悻 然走开。在回来的小车上，大款乙教训大款甲说：“你真一点都不懂，莎士比亚是饮料，你怎么把它当洋酒了！”
Two big shots attended a buffet reception, trying to pose as lovers of culture, for the participants included some real scholars of distinction.During the reception, a scholar chatted with Tycoon A and somehow the topic shifted to Shakespeare.The scholar asked, “Are you most interested in Shakespeare?” The big shot paused and announced with a severe countenance: “In comparison, whiskey is more to my taste.” Hearing that, all the listeners laughed up their sleeves.Tycoon B saw the straw in the wind and left resentfully.On their way home in the car, Tycoon B lectured Tycoon A: “ How could you be that ignorant!Shakespeare is a beverage, and you are foolish enough to take that as an imported spirit!”
英译中
What is a novel? I say: an invented story.At the same time a story which, though invented, has the power to ring true.True to what? True to life as the reader knows life to be or, it may be, feels life to be.And I mean the adult, the grown-up reader.Such a reader has outgrown fairy tales, and we do not want the fantastic and the impossible.So I say to you that a novel must stand up to the adult tests of reality.You may say:”If one wants truth, why not go to the literally true book? Biography or documentary, these amazing accounts of amazing experiences which people have.” Yes, but I am suggesting to you that there is a distinction between truth and so-called reality.The novel does not simply recount experience.And here comes in what is the actual livening spark of the novel: the novelist’s imagination has a power of its own.It does not merely invent, it perceives.It intensifies, therefore it gives power, extra importance, and greater truth to what may well be ordinary and everyday things.小说是什么？我认为是人们创造出来的故事。同时尽管是创造出来的故事，但是小说仍然有一种力量能够让人听上去感觉像真的一样。真的像什么呢？就像读 者所知道的那种生活或者可能的生活样子，像他们所感觉的那种生活。当然我指的是对于成熟的成年读者而言。像我们这样的成年读者已经足够长大，不再相信童话 故事，不再需要奇异幻想和那些不可能发生的事情。所以我对你说，小说必须要成熟起来，能够让成年人将之放在生活中试验。
你或许会说：“如果一个人需要事实，他为什么不去看完完全全真实的书呢？自传或者纪录片里都是些令人惊异的真人真事的描述。这当然正确，但是我对你 的建议是事实和所谓的现实之间有着本质的区别。小说并不仅仅只是叙述人们的经历，小说会添加人们的经历。而这一点正是小说所具有的活力火花：小说家的想象 力有其自己强大的力量。借助这种想象力小说家并不仅仅创造，他们去感知。这种想象力不断增强，给原本普普通通的日常生活注入一股力量，使它们变得额外地重 要，变得更加地真实。
第四篇：口译真题
2011-5
5月8日上午中级口译
口语话题：住在大城市的优点
英译汉：中美文化差异亚洲经济论坛 汉译英：入住和平酒店（口译教程篇章）中非合作友好关系
5月8日下午中级口译
口语话题：Can classroom teaching be replaced by guided learning through the Internet? 英译汉：艾滋哀之（教程重点篇章）伦敦的介绍，伦敦的人口和占地面积，是活生生的博物馆
汉译英：健康话题，要均衡膳食，戒掉酗酒、吸烟的坏毛病，让身体与事业双丰收
云南旅游，介绍云南风土人情
5月15日上午中级口译
口语话题：Are you Happy?
英译汉：职业生涯 Advice for young singers and song writers
Mutual Relation between U.S.and China 中美关系已经考了两周，后面的同学注意了啊。汉译英：开学典礼讲话江西旅游
5月15日下午中级口译
口语话题：Lifelong education
英译汉：仪式讲话 中美关系科技与发展 汉译英：旅游及其意义待客礼仪（难度偏大）
5月22日上午中级口译
口语话题：失物招领公司应该免费还是要价？
英译汉：英语学习中美关系（连续三周考到了。）
汉译英：五一劳动节演讲（口译教程篇章）
中国文化遗产概况（这几周的考试真是把旅游话题进行到底了。）
5月22日下午中级口译
口语话题：在国家博物馆前放孔子雕塑是否合适？
英译汉：人格尊严国际抗贫困大会 汉译英：外国人到中国投资中国人通过互联网参政监督
2010-5
5月9日上午，中级，上海：
世博会Expo
1.the history of expo and the significance of Shanghai 2010 expo
2.what attracts you most, cultural activities, the pavilion…
英译汉：中非关系美国人喜欢独居 汉译英：斯坦佛大学介绍西方文化影响
5月9日下午，中级，上海：
地震之后：1，官方数据，死伤人数是多少？
2，地震发生后的救灾措施3，捐赠行动
英译汉：中英关系美国独立日晚宴祝词 汉译英：演讲文化的三个层次
5月15日下午，中级，南京：
making a new living：new occupation
driver instructor等现象愈发热门，第三产业日益发展
英译汉：股票交易市场（教程篇章）文化交流论坛发言 汉译英：大学精神改善生存环境
5月16日上午，中级，上海：
普通话与方言
英译汉：美国和中国教师与教育事业
汉译英：关于上海环境保护
5月16日下午，中级，上海：
Should living skills training become compulsory in schools? 生存技能训练对在校学生是否必须？ 英译汉：大学的职能与发展，对社会贡献
美国老人和孩子一起生活的问题、原因
汉译英：世博会女性领导的优势
5月23日上午，中级，上海：
行人与驾车者的道路权孰大
英译汉：美国独居老人的问题飞速变化的世界对人们的影响
汉译英：中国人在春节期间的活动（选自课本）上海的介绍（涉及到上海博物馆以及东方明珠电视塔）
5月23日下午，中级，上海：
老师补课赚外快合法吗？
英译汉：乔布斯的演讲，Stay hungry, stay foolish
探月工程
汉译英：春节的来历
华东进出口商品交易会
2010-11
11月14日上午的中口口语话题：
如何解决大城市的交通拥堵问题。
英译汉第一篇：美国的旅游和交通
口译教程上有一篇很相似的内容，在课堂上也讲解过。
英译汉第二篇：领导者和人民的关系
这是以往不太出现的内容，值得之后的考生特别关注。
汉译英第一篇：上海菜
口译教程上有相似话题的内容，课堂讲义里也有类似关于饮食的练习。
汉译英第二篇：08年抗震救灾和北京奥运
抗震救灾话题与事实相结合，口译考试从来不拒绝热点。北京奥运在课堂讲义里有相关专题，真题也进行过练习。希望大家有好的发挥。
11月14日下午的中口口语话题：
The high-speed rail in china。又是当前的热点话题。还没考的童鞋们关注了啊。
英译汉第一篇：car rental services in USA
此篇出自中级口译教程 4-1行在美国。在课堂上练习过，也作为回家作业做过。说的是去美国旅行的一些建议：不要买车而是租车。因为美国是世界上租车业最发达的国家。有美国的两大汽车巨头在各机场设有办公楼，其他地方城市其他的美国租车公司有设办事处。
英译汉第二篇：economic recovery
主要说最近经济复苏，亚洲遥遥领先远超过欧洲的恢复速度，特别是中国和印度更是复苏的领头羊。美国的经济有望借复苏的势头来年恢复经济，但还存在一些潜在的风险。
汉译英第一篇：京河高科技园区简介
此篇出自中级口译教程 2-4 参观访问。其中涉及到“走马观花”这样的四字格，“背靠渤海”这样地理方位的描述。虽然在课堂上作为回家作业让同学做过，但没有充分准备的话，依然会觉得难度较大。汉译英第二篇：上海世博会
上下午的考题一对比，大家读出些什么讯息了么？上午和下午都统一考到了美国交通和旅行的状况。记得五月份的某一次二阶段考试，上下午都考到了中国传统文化的内容。也许是巧合，但每一次巧合背后会有一定的道理。正在备战的聪明的你们，知道怎么做了？
11月21日中级口译口试
英译汉第一篇：商务洽谈此篇出自中级口译教程 3-3 合资企业。
英译汉第二篇：志愿者活动看来命题者深受“小白菜”们的影响。
汉译英第一篇：来沪工作
此篇出自中级口译教程 3-1 欢迎光临。涉及reception and ceremonial speech的内容。汉译英第二篇：中日关系紧跟时事的节拍，值得后面的考生注意。
11月28日上午的口语题：
Competition: a good thing or a bad thing?
英译汉第一篇： the differences in work ethics between the Chinese and Americans.改编自《中级口译教程》3-4 文化差异
英译汉第二篇：knowledge-based economy
难度较大。讲的是知识经济时代，要求年轻人有长远的眼光，开放的头脑，善于发挥自己的潜力。知识经济的特点之一是创新。创新不仅意味着创造知识，而且要运用这些知识。
汉译英第一篇：吸引外资
改编自《中级口译教程》2-4 参观访问。在课堂讲义的第一单元后面作为回家作业要求大家完成的。汉译英第二篇：世博与旅游
主要内容说世博和旅游历来是相互结合，相互促进的。成功举办世博会是党和人民赋予旅游业的历史使命和光荣任务。世博近期还是热点话题。上几周的考试也考过。
11月28日下午口试：
先给了一段文章，大意是 One Foundation Report from Beijing Normal University on philanthropy and charitable course in China.话题是 Should there be a minimum for billionaires’ donations?英译汉第一篇：entrepreneurial culture
整段难度非常大。很多同学一上来都懵了。其实此段改编自《中级口译教程》13-1 企业文化。英译汉第二篇：global food crisis
现在全球粮食危机严重，超乎我们的想象。商品价格飙涨，粮食价格高。贫困人群尤其是儿童营养状况堪忧。整段难度不大，但同学收到上一段的打击，加之这段三个数字的口译，总体不太理想。
汉译英第一篇：如何教育青少年
典型的青少年教育话题，难度一般。一方面父母期望过高，另一方面网络科技的发展容易引发青少年犯罪问题。青少年的健康成长需要家庭、学校和全社会的共同努力。
汉译英第二篇：中美合作关系
典型的双边关系话题，套句很多。经过训练的同学一定能顺利通过。主要讲中美两国是具有影响力的国家。两国有广泛的共同利益和合作基础。两国的建设性合作关系符合两国人民的根本利益，有利于世界的和平、稳定和发展。
总体感受：
口语部分虽不是最关键的，但良好的intonation以及流利度会给考官极好的印象。后面的口译打分自然就会有偏向，也许不及格的句子会偏向及格。
得教程者得天下。尤其是英译汉第一段基本都来自教程。而顺利拿到英译汉第一段是对士气的很大鼓舞。把讲过的内容记熟且流畅地表达出来就已经很好了。进考场前问问自己是不是已经把笔记的重要词组都口头过了一遍。
时事需关注，出题有时候有滞后效应。比如世博还是考了。上几周还考到08奥运和抗震救灾。关注时事，同时善于思考，多开口讨论。
2009-11
11月8日上午，中级，上海：
The 60th anniversary of the founding of the New China.英译汉：硅谷中非关系 汉译英：旅游业的发展和前景气功和瑜伽
11月8日下午，中级，上海：
博物馆是否应该免费开放
英译汉：硅谷（教程篇章）来宾到中国访问，对中国有深厚感情 汉译英：中国传统节日（春节，元宵节，端午节和中秋节）住房的问题
11月15日上午，中级，上海：
Can foreign language skills help government's image? 公务员是否要学外语
英译汉：中国经济上取得的成就第九届上海国际高科技博览会开幕
汉译英：中美贸易关系
11月15日下午，中级，上海：
Is drunk driving a felony?
汉译英：企业文化对酒精与死亡的研究，醉酒驾驶等
汉译英：改革开放与民生大会发言，中西经济发展
11月22日上午，中级，上海：
Should we resume the use of traditional character?
英译汉：中美交通上海发展 汉译英：中非合作高峰论坛世界无烟日
11月28日下午，中级，南京：
参加高考人数减少，高考制度的改革
英译汉：在美国买便宜货是乐趣，商场各季大甩卖云南少数民族文化的调研
汉译英：中国医疗卫生信息体制，国有私有医疗机构做法的不同乐山大佛
11月29日下午，中级，宁波：
Will ID cell phone purchases reduce junk messages? 手机实名制对减少垃圾短信是否有益处？
英译汉：企业核心价值体系（教程篇章）气候变化
汉译英：松江新城投资洽谈会国家邮政领域改革
第五篇：口译真题
09年春季上海外语口译考试中级口译笔译真题
Part A: Spot Dictation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.You might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States, but that is not totally true.These________(1), or patties, actually came from Germany in the middle of the nineteenth century.They were brought to the United States by________(2)who came from the city of Hamburg.That is why ________(3)was “hamburger steak' However, people in other place________(4)that 'they invented the hamburger.Perhaps we'll never have a ________(5).the there's no question that the hamburger was a________(6).Why? Perhaps because at that time, industry was growing and a kind of food was need_________(7)for workers.The hamburger became even more popular_________(8)when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started.This chain was called “White Castle”.It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only _________(9).Then, in the 1930s there came the _________(10)where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform.And the humburger was one of the most _________(11).By now, The hamburger was ready to_______(12)the world.And this happened with McDonald’s, which was actually a _________(13)at first.But by the early 1950s the hot dog was replaced by the hamburger.McDonald’s and other fast food restaurants ________(14)around the world throughout the rest of the twentieth century.McDonald’s alone has________(15)for everyone person in the world.The importance of the hamburger to _________(16)remains significant.About _______(17)of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers.According to some sources,_________(18)of current workers in the United States had their first job at McDonald’s.But the face of the hamburger is changing _______(19).Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger, a turkey burger, ________(20),or veggie burger.Part B: Listening Comprehension
1.Statements Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements.These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE and you will not find them written on the paper, so you must listen carefully.When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard.Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSER BOOKLET.l.(A)We were met by the head of the company at the airport.(B)We haw Mrs.Jones was the president of the company,.(C)Mrs.Jones used to be the secretary of the company(D)Mrs.Jones came to see us off at the airport., 2.(A)The board of directors asked about the changes.(B)The board 'of directors decided to invest more on the project.(C)The board of directors approved the revisions.(D)The board of directors could not understand her explanation.3.(A)Many university students prefer soft drinks to fresh fruits.(B)Most of them are first-or-second year college students(C)A number of college students refuse to disclose their identities(D)Not many students are interested in our research projects.4.(A)We decided to sell the car when the oil Prices rose.(B)We should not delay solving the problem of oil prices.(C)We were at a loss as to whether to buy that expensive car or not.(D)We didn't buy a car because of the floating oil prices.5.(A)Most of them are from low-income belies.(B)Most of them are in favor of a tax cut.(C)I know the Congress will veto the tax reform.(D)I propose the tax reform be debated in the Congress.6.(A)Effective self management skills are key to academic and career success.(B)If you spend a lot of time on your school work, you will become a good manager later(C)School work can be time-consuming and is likely to make you feel exhausted after class.(D)Good management calls for more time and energy on the part of the academic staff 7.(A)Mr.Paul White has just been fired.(B)Mr.Paul White has forgotten the woman's name.(C)Mr.Paul White is looking for a job.(D)Mr.Paul White has the woman Promoted.8.(A)I shall give you a discount(B)The crisis is affecting the Whole world.(C)I shall come in my Sunday best.(D)The price is still too high.9.(A)He finished the negotiation in three days.(B)He was on a business trip ten days ago.(C)His toughness cost him three more days.(D)His business trip lasted thirteen days.l0.(A)We are sure that our children will become positive members of the changing society.(B)Children with self esteem can make positive adjustment and achieve career success.(C)Personal goals can be reached with the help of parents who are competent members of the society(D)Parents with confidence will adapt themselves to the changes and accomplish personal goals.2.Talks and Conversations Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations.After each of these, you will hear after questions.Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE when you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question.Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Question8 11--14 l 1.(A)The products were all made from fresh vegetables and fruits(B)The homemade products were actually made in the factory
(C)The factory was equipped with the most sophisticated machinery(D)There were homemade fresh vegetables and fruits in the factory l2.(A)You are special.(B)You are natural.(C)You are stupid.(D)You are dumb l3.(A)To better explain how to use that product.(B)To help reduce the promotion cost of that product.(C)To induce more famous people to use that product.(D)To get TV viewers to remember that product.l4.(A)Be easily affected by other products.(B)Be aware of the same kind of product.(C)Stick to that particular product.-(D)Strike a bargain for other products.Questions 15--18 l5.(A)A flight over time zones.(B)A loss of one's characters.(C)A symptom of leg problems.(D)A condition of sleep disorders.l6.(A)Six hours.(B)Seven hours.(C)Eight hours(D)Nine hours.l7.(A)Avoid junk food, salty foods, caffeine and alcohol.(B)Drink as little water as possible between meals(C)Take drinks with less Sugar, carbonation or caffeine(D)Always have other fluid on the plane.l8.(A)Sleep as soon as possible.(B)Nap even during daytime.(C)Get a good night's sleep.(D)Relax yourself in a cafe.Questions 19--22 l9.(A)He is overweight.(B)He is seriously ill(C)He is down with cold.(D)He is hale and hearty 20.(A)Two(B)Ten.(C)twenty(D)Thirty 2l.(A)It is the best(B)It is nutritious.(C)It is not enough(D)It is no healthy.22.(A)the man is a heavy smoker(B)The man is rather short.'
(C)The man drives a car(D)The man works with a computer.'' Questions 23--26 23.(A)Chainman of the African Club.(B)Chainman of the International Club.(C)Chainman of the Irish Club.(D)Chainman of the Folk Music Club.24.(A)Once a week(B)Once a month(C)Once a semester(D)Once a year 25.(A)The minutes of the last meeting.(B)The treasurer's report.(C)The Scottish and Irish Folk Dances.(D)The International Display Week.26.(A)to help the students from the same countries overcome their homesickness and other problems.(B)To set up booths decorated with pictures and things of interest in the respective countries.(C)To recruit anyone who can sew to help make costumes so that every club member can wear their national costume.(D)To teach the American students Scottish and Irish folk dances during the special even of the display.Que8tions 27--30 27.(A)In Bath(B)In London.(C)In York(D)In the suburbs.28.(A)Students live in halls residence around the university buildings.(B)Students are encouraged to conduct their independent research project(C)Students first live in halls of residence and then are allowed to move out.(D)Students can share the common rooms with faculty members.29.(A)She couldn't find a room in the residential hall.(B)She could save money to pay for her studies.(C)She could mix well with the local people.(D)She could live in a comfortable house.30.(A)Give her some advice on how to strike a bargain.(B)Introduce her to the local people
(C)Help her with the volunteer work.(D)Show her around the ancient cathedral city Part C: Listening and Translation
1.Sentence Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English.You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(l)(2)(3)(4)(5)2.Passage Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English.You will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.You may take notes while you are listening.(1)
(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS(45 minutes)Directions: In this section, you wiIl read several passages.Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content.You are to choose ONE best answer,(A),(B),(C)or(D), to each question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1--5 I came across an old country guide the other day.It listed all the tradesmen in each village in my part of the country,and it was impressive to see the great variety of services which were available on one's own doorstep in the late Victorian countryside.Nowadays a superficial traveler in rural Eng1and might conclude that the only village tradesmen still flourishing were either selling frozen food to the inhabitants or selling antiques to visitors.Nevertheless, this would really be a false impression.Admittedly there has been a contraction of village commerce, bul its vigor is still remarkable.Our local grocer's shop, for example, is actually expanding in spite of the competition from supermarkets in the nearest town.Women sensibly prefer to go there and exchange the local news whi1e doing their shopping, instead of
queueing up anonymously at a supermarket.And the proprietor knows well that persona1 service has a substantial cash value.His Prices may be a bit higher than those in the town, bu he will deliver anything at any time.His assistants think nothing of bicycling down the village street in their lunch hour to take a piece of cheese to an old age pensioner who sent her order by word of mouth with a friend who happened to be passing.The more affluent customers telephone their shopping lists and the goods are on their doorsteps within an hour.They have only to hint at a fancy for some commodity outside the usual stock and the grocer a red-faced figure, instantly obtains it for them..The village gains from this sort of enterprise, of course.But I also find it satisfactory because a village shop offers one of the few ways in which a modest individualist can still get along in the world without attaching himself to the big battalions of industry or commerce.Most of the village shopkeepers I know, at any rate, are decidedly individualist in their ways.For example, our shoemaker is a formidable figure: a thick-set, irritable man whom children treat with marked respect, knowing that an ill-judged word can provoke an angry eruption at any time.He stares with contempt at the pairs of cheap, mass-produced shoes taken to him for repair: has it come to this, he seems to be saying, that he, a craftsman, should have to waste his skills upon such trash? But we all know he will in fact do excellent work upon them.And he makes beautiful shoes for those who can afford such luxury.1.The services available in villages nowadays are normally_________.(A)fewer but still very active(B)less successful than earlier but managing to survive(C)active in providing food for the village and tourists(D)surprisingly energetic considering the little demand for them 2.The local grocer’s shop is expanding even though________.(A)town shops are more attractive(B)town shops are larger and less well-known(C)people like to shop where they are less well-known(D)people get extra service in townshops 3.How do the village grocer’s assistants feel about delivering goods?(A)They tend to forget it.(B)They will not consider it.(C)They take it for granted.(D)It does not seem worth their while 4.Another aspect of personal service available in the village shop is that_________.(A)there is a wide range of goos available(B)goods not in stock can be obtained whenever they are needed(C)special attention is given to the needs of wealthier customers
(D)goods are always restocked before they run out 5.In what way is the village shoemaker a “formidable figure”?
(A)He seems to pay little attention to public opinion.(B)He refuses to mend cheap,mass-produced shoes.(C)He has a very rough temper.(D)He has very high standards of workmanship.Questions 6--10 Drivers on the Basingstoke by-pass used to have their attention diverted by a sign that read—A MOMENT'S INATTENTION CAUSES ACCIDENTS.This self-defeating warning has now been removed, but its message is still very much to the point.Almost anyting can cause an accident.Apart from momentary inattention, it might be a minor miscalculation, a sudden fit of coughing, a bop on the head with a teddy-bear from a child in the back seat, an argument with the wife, fog, falling asleep at the wheel, bad eyesight, a glaring sun, ice, rain, wind, or snow—a1l these can make the difference between a tragic hit and a lucky miss.Although human error plays its part, it is by no means the only cause of accidends.There must be some cause other than simple human error.Road construction plays its part: researchers have found that it is not at the obvious danger spot—sharp corners, cross-roads, narrow lanes—that accidents happen.It is on those roads where there are subtle visual traps, unexpected changes in the shape or surface of the.road, or even insufficient or badly-placed signs.Wherever there is a 'black spot', it means that something is seriously wrong with the road.Why else did the careless driving of so many come out at that particular spot? What the law requires when you have an accident There are, firstly the legal formalities of exchanging names and addresses with others involved in an accident and, in certain cases, informing the police.However, you are required by law to stop after an accident only if: l Somebody other than yourself in or outside your car has been injured.2 A vehicle not your own has been damaged.3 Any horse, cow,donkey,sheep, or dog has been injured.It has been said that if a driver continues unaware of causing injury he must be acquitted.But the courts are wary of that excuse.Furthermore, the driver himself must wait at the scene;it is not enough for him to leave his chauffeur or a friend to attend to the boring formalities while he goes off on more important business.If you have been involved in an accident and have stopped, you must give your name, address, and registration number to anyone who has a good reason for requesting it;this means anyone affected by the accident.If these formalities are complied with it is not necessary to wait for the arrival of the police.It is，however, often wise to do so.The police are expert at drawing plans, taking measurements and photographs and gathering other evidence.In your absence the police could be given a biased story against you;and you yourself migh wam to point out certain features of the accident to the police.6.A MOMENT'S INATTENTION CAUSES ACCIDENTS'(para.l)is a self defeating Warning because______.(A)it will make a driver wait at the scene(B)it will distract the driver's attention(C)it is too difficult to understand(D)it is too long to be read by drivers 7.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A)After an accident you have to give your name to anyone who asks for it.(B)Drivers on the Basingstoke by-pass used to ignore the sign.(C)Road construction problems can be a major cause of accidents.(D)A 'black spot' is a part of the road where there are no signs.8.'Subtle visual traps'(para.3)are ______.(A)places where the police hide in order to trap motorists(B)parts of the road which are deceptive to the driver's eye
(C)danger spots such as sharp corners and cross-roads(D)places where there are man road-signs 9.As required by the law, you must stop after an accident, if ______.(A)you have been injured by somebody.(B)your car has been damaged.(C)you have injured somebody else(D)you have witnessed the accident l 0.After an accident it is recommended that you wait for the police because _________.(A)it is against the law to drive off(B)they have to examine your licence and insurance certificate(C)they have to noto the position of your car(D)somebody may give them a false account of the accident Questions 11--15 Just as word oil scarcity is already causing intemational conflicts, so will the scarcity of water reach a point where wars will break out.The statistics on water are already scary.Already well over l billion people suffer from water shortages and 30 countries get more than a third of their water from outside their
borders—an obvious source of disputes and instability especially as the climate changes.The whole of the sub-Saharan Africa, most of South Asia and western South America are most at risk.The reason: the rapid melting of glaciers due to global warning.At the meeting of the coalition of 27 Intemaional charities last month, Gareth Thomas, minister of Intenatonal Development of the British government, wrote to prime minister Gordon Brown demanding action to ensure fresh water to 1.1 billion people with poor supplies.”If we do not act now, the reality is that water supplies may become the subject of international conflict in the years ahead.We need to invest now to prevent us having to pay that price in the future“, Thomas said.The department warned that two-thirds of theword's population will live in water-stressed countries by 2025.The coalition of charities has appealed for a global effort to bring running water to the developing world and supply sanitation to a further 2.6 billion people.It said that international investment is needed now to prevent competition for water to destabilize communities and escalate into conflicts.Tackling the water and sanitation crisis is essential if the Millennium Development Goal Call to Action is to be a success.Otherwise, progress on health, education, and environment sustainability will be undermined.Each year 443 million school days are lost globally to diarrhea and 1.8 million children die from these diseases.In fact, it is often not realized tha investing in sanitation and water brillgs the greatest public health gains, more than any other single development intervention and delivers enormous economic
gains.Already, some Asian countries have put tackling these issues at the forefront of theirdevelopment efforts.The Millennium Development Goals aim to halve the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water by 20l5.To achieve that urgent action needs to be taken.There is no doubt that climate change is potentially the most important factor affecting water shor tage.This, compounded with a growing and increasingly urbanized global population will put pressure on food and water.For a temperature rise of 2°C, which is likely to happen by 2050, there would be a catastrophic 2 to 3 billion people suffering from water stress.11.What does the author think is primarily responsible for water shortages in the world ?(A)Climate chance.(B)Border dispute.(C)World competition.(D)Political instability 12.According to Gareth Thomas, _______ is the price we have to pay for water shortage if we do not take immediate action.(A)sanitation crisis(B)intemational conflict(C)global warming(D)over-urbanization 13.What can the coalition of charities do to prevent competition for water ?(A)Appealing for international investment.(B)Bringing running water to the developing world.(C)Supplying sanitation to billions of water-stressed people.(D)Enhancing world environment sustainability 13.The Millennium Development Goals aim to_______ in the near future.(A)tackle the water and sanitation crisis(B)yield economic gains as well as public health gains(C)mak progress on health, education and environment sustainability(D)provide more people with clean drinking water 15.According to the passage, what will add to water shortage ?(A)Oil scarcity.(B)A drop in temperature(C)A growing population.(D)Reduced food supply Questions 16.-20 Parenting was never a piece of cake in any age, but probably the greatest source of headache for parents today in Japan is the ubiquitous cellphone.Today, 96 percent of senior high school students and 58 percent of junior high school students have cellphones.Even among primary school children, 3l percent have them.By enabling youngsters to stay connected with their parents at all times, these gadgets help to keep children safe.For the kids, they are fun toys, too, that let them text to or chat with their pals whenever they wat, play Intemet games, and enjoy blogging for their own profile and diary purposes.But terrible dangers lurk beneath all that fun and convenience.Every year about l,000 children become involved in rape and other crimes through dating service sites.Violent and obscene images are only a couple of clicks away.On gakkoura saito, or so-called unofficial school websites where kids can post whatever they want, anyone can fall victim to brutal ''verbal mob lynching” by their peers.Amid today's urgent need to address these problems, the government’s Meeting on Education Rebuilding has issued a report.In response to the Prime Minister's recent comments---“I carmot think of one good reason for(letting youngsters)have a cellphone“ and ”I would like everyone to discuss whether cellphones are really necessary:“----the report recommended that ”parents, guardians, schools and all parties concerned should cooperate among themselves, so that elementary school pupils and junior high school students do not have a cellphone unless there is a compelling reason for them to do so.“ But since many parents believe in the necessity of cellphones as a safety tool, it is unrealistic to expect everyone to do away with them.Rather, it would make more sense for guardians, schools and cellphone companies to consider, from their respective standpoints,how cellphones should be used by children.We suggest that parents sit down with their offspring and talk about their “houserules”for cellphone use.For instance, sct the hours allowed, so the kids won't be texting to their friends late into the night, remind them never to give away personal information online, and so on..But there are limits to what individual families can do, and this is where we also suggest that schools should educate their pupils on the dangers of cellphone use.One way to go about this, for instance, may be for each class to set its own rules on sending e-mail messages.16.The word ”ubiquitous“(para.l)is closest in meaning to ________.(A)updated(B)sophisticated(C)prevalent(D)obsolete 17.Many parents let their kids have cellphones because they ________.(A)want their kids to keep up with the IT World(B)can't think of anything better for their kids to have fun(C)don't want their kids to miss 'what other kids have(D)believe cellphones endble them to stay connected 18.Which of the following is NOT the potential risk kids may face when using cellphones?(A)Involvement in rape-related crime
(B)Exposure to violent and obscene images(C)Falling victim to brutal curses.(D)Being tracked down by unofficial school websites.19.The report issued by the government’s Meeting on Education Rebuilding______.(A)recommended minimizing the use of cellphones among kids(B)suggested setting “house rules” for cellphone use
(C)urged parents to remind their children about ce1lphone use(D)pressed schools to educate their pupils on the dangers of cellphone use 20.What is the main idea of the passage?(A)Parents neglect to protect their kids from cellphones.(B)Parenting with cellphones is a source of headache.(C)Cellphones should be banned from campus.(D)Kids need lessons on the uses of cellphones Question 21--25 Extract I
A stylish dining room with cream walls and curtains and black carpet as perfect foil to an eclectic array of furniture.Many of the pieces are classics of their particular era, and demonstrate how old and new designs can be happily mixed together Thc prototype chair in the foreground has yet to prove its staying power and was thought up by the flat's occupant.He is pictured in his living room which has the same decorative theme and is linked to the dining room by a high Medieval-styled archway where was once a redundant and uninspiring fireplace.Extract 2 Old bathrooms often contain a great deal of ugly pipework in need of disguising.This can either be done by boxing in the exposed pipes, or by fitting wood paneling over them.As wood paneling can be secured over almost anyting---including oid ceramic tiles and chipped walls---is an effective way of disguising pipework as well as being an attractive form of decoration.The paneling can be vertical, horizontal or diagonal.An alternative way to approach the problem of exposed pipes is to actually make them a feature of the room by picking the pipework out in bright strong colours.Extract 3 Cooking takes second place in this charming room which, with its deep armchairs, is more of a sitting room than a kitohen, and th6 ntw RaybUm stove as a good choice, as it blends in well with the old brick and beamed fireplace.There are no fitted units or built-in appliances, so all food preparation is done at the big farmbouse table in the foreground;and the china, pots and pans have been deliberately left on show to make an attractive display.What about the kitchen sink? It's hidden away behind an archway which leads into a small scullery.Here there's a second cooker and---in the best farmhouse tradition---a huge walk-in larder for all food storage.2l.Why is the colour of the carpet described in Extract l a particular advantage?(A)It livens up the colour in an otherwise dull room.(B)It provides a contrast to the furniture.(C)It blends in with the tones of the furniture.(D)It gives the room a classical style.22.What is the purpose of the archway described in Extract 1 ?(A)To hide an unattractive fireplace.(B)To give the room an exotic eastem style.(C)To join the dining room with the sitting room(D)To make room for the unusual seating arrangements.23.Extract 2 is probably taken from ________.(A)an architect's blueprint
(B)a plumber’s manual
(C)a home renovation magazine(D)an advertisement for new bathrooms 24.Extracts 2 and 3 deal with _________.(A)old and classic furniture(B)attractive colour schemes(C)cheap improvement schemes(D)home decoration 25.Compared with Extract l the room described in Extract 3 appears to _______.(A)be more comfortable(B)be more colourful(C)contain more furniture(D)posspss a greater variety of style Questions26--30,.Large parts of the world have not enjoyed the remarkale global progress in health conditions that have taken place over the past century.Indeed, millions of deaths in impoverished nations are avoidable with prevention and treatment
options that the rich world already uses.This year, l0 million children will die in low-and middle-income countries.If child death rates were the same as those in developed countries this figuer would be lower than 1 million.Conversely, if child death rates were those of rich countries just 100 years ago, the figure would be 30 million.Today's tools for improving health are so powerful and inexpensive that health conditions could be reasonably good even in poor countries if policy makers spent even relatively little in the right places.Recent research for the Copeghagen Consensus idenifies several highly cost-effective options that would tackle some of the planet's most urgent health problems.The most promising investment is in tuberculosis treatment.Some 90 percent of the l.6 million tuberculosis deaths in 2003 occurred in low-and middle-income countries.Because tuberculosis affects working-age people, it can be a trigger of household poverty.The comerstone of control is prompt treatment using first-line drugs, which doesn't require a sophisticated health system.Spending $l billion on tuberculosis treatment in a year would save l million lives.Because good health accompanies higher levels of national economic welfare in the long run, the economic benefits are worth $30 billion.The second most cost-effective investment is tackling hewt disease.Heart disease migh not seem like a pressing issue for poor nations, but it represents more than a quarter of their death toll.Measures to reduce risk factors other than smoking--high intake or saturated animal fat, obesity, binge drinking of alcohol, physical inactivity , and low fruit and vegetable consumption--have had little success.Treating acute heart attacks with inexpensive drugs is，however, cost-effective.Spending $200 million could avert several hundred thousand deaths, yielding benefits that are 25 times higher than costs.The third option is prevention and treatment of malaria.A billion dollars would expand the provision of insecticide-treated bed-nets and facilitate provision of highly effective treatment.This would save more than a million child deaths and produce economic benefits worth $20 billion.The fourth altermative for policymakers is to focus on child health initiatives.The best measures are familiar ones expanding immunization coverage, promoting breasfeeding, increasing the use of simple and cheap treatments for diarrhea and childhood pneumonia, and so on.Even if the costs of all these initiatives were two or three times higher than we estimate, these efforts would still provide amazing opportunities to reduce health inequality and do good in the world.26.Over the past century, the child death rates hatve _________.(A)climbed steadily in impoverished countries(B)dropped remarkably in developed countries(C)fluctuated wildly in low-incoine countries(D)remained stable in middle-income countries 27.The most effective investment is in the treatment for ________.(A)tuberculosis
(B)heart disease(C)malaria(D)diarrhea 28.All of the following could be the contributing factors to heart disease EXCETP________.(A)heavy smoking(B)binge drinking(C)saturated animal fat intake(D)vegetable consumption 29.According to the author, if $ l billion were invested in the prevention and treatment of heart discase, whih of the following economic benefits would be produced?(A)$20 billion.学口译，做金领！迎战9月口译考试 2009年春季“上海外语口译”笔试查分公告 中高级口译备考必看的历年真题免费下载
【权威发布】09秋季中高级口译考试真题、解析、答案 09春季高级口译二阶段口试模拟题
（一）考前必读：09春季中高级口译考试考生须知 我为口译狂，这个暑假不虚度！
(B)$25 billion.(C)$30 billion.(D)$35 billion.30.What would be the best title for this passage ?(A)Best Options for Tackling World’s Killer Diseases.(B)Cost-effective Investment in Impoverished Nations.(C)Health Inequality between Developed and Developing Countries.(D)Earth’s Killer Diseases: Tuberculosis, HeartAttak and Malaria...SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST(1)(30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corrsponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear.Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the Fed lowers interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending.In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf.No larger alterations to the economy are made, because our economy, but for the occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound.This has been the drill in every recession since World War II.Republicans and Democrats argue over whose taxes should be cut the most and which projects should be funded, but under public pressure to do something，they usually find some mutually acceptable midpoint and enact a stimulus package.Even in today's hyperpartisan Washington, the odds still favor such a deal.This time, though, don’t expect that to be the end of the story-----because the coming recession will not be normal, and our economy is not fundamentally sound.This time around, the nation will have to craft new versions of some of the reforms that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression.SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST(2)(30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.钟表上的秒针一下一下地移动，每移动一下就是表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分。再看看墙上挂着的可以一张张撕下的日历，每天撕下一张就是表示我们的寿命又缩短了一天。因为时间即生命。
没有人不爱惜他的生命，但很少人珍视他的时间。如果想在有生之年做一点什么事，学一点什么学问，充实自己，帮助别人，使生命成为有意义，不虚此生，那么就不可浪费光阴。这个道理人人都懂，可是很少人能积极不懈地善为利用他的时间。
Spot dictation
You might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States, but that is not totally true.These round, flat cakes or patties actually came from Germany in the middle of the 19th century.They were brought to the United
States by German immigrants who came from the city of Hamburg.That is why their name was Hamburger Stake.However, people in other places claim that they invented the hamburger.Perhaps we'll never have a clear answer.But there is no question that the hamburger was a great hit.Why? Perhaps because at that time, industry was growing and a kind of fast, practical and cheap food was needed for workers.The hamburger became even more popular in the 1920s when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started.This chain was called ”White Castle“.It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only 5 cents each.Then, in the 1930s there came the drive-in restaurant where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform.And the hamburger was one of the most popular menu items.By now, the hamburger was ready to conquer the world.And this happened with McDonald's, which was actually a hot dog stand at first.But by the early 1950s the hot dog was replaced by the hamburger.McDonald's and other fast food restaurants spring up around the world throughout the rest of the 20th century.McDonald's alone has sold 12 hamburgers for every person in the world.The importance of the hamburger to U.S.culture remains significant.About 60% of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers.According to some sources, 7% of current workers in the Untied States had their first job at McDonald's.But the face of the hamburger is changing according to the times.Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger, a turkey burger, a fish burger or a veggie burger.Statements
1.Mrs.Jones came to us at the airport.We thought she was the secretary but she turned out to be the president of the company.2.After Susan carefully explained her ideas at the board meeting last week, the directors all voted for the change she's made concerning the proposed project.3.Of the students participating in our university's research project, 73% classified themselves as freshmen and sophomores.4.Originally we had planned to buy a car by the end of last year, but then with the recent fluctuation of the crude oil prices we decided to postpone the purchase.5.Most people I know are interested in the proposed tax reform being debated in the congress because they hope it will lower taxes for them.6.If you're good at managing your own time and energy, it is very likely that you can do well both in your schoolwork and for your career 7.Mr.Paul White, thank you very much for your inquiry, but I feel the position more suits a female applicant.Anyway, I will keep your name on file.8.Is this your best quote? I thought prices will be coming down now given the current situation of financial and economic crisis.9.Last month our manager took a ten-day business trip to Chicago, but he had to stay there for 3 more days as the negotiation turned out to be a tougher one.10.When our children are made confident that they are positive and competent individuals, they will adapt themselves to the changing society and successfully accomplish personal goals.Talks and Conversations
Passage one(Q11-14)W：What are you laughing about? M: I just saw the silliest advertisement on TV for German soups.It's said our products are home-made with the freshest vegetables and fruits.Then a scene in the factory showed that products were prepared and packed by the most sophisticated machinery.W: And I am sure that the word NATURAL was put on the jars and cans of the products.I think the stupidest advertisements are those that imply that you are one of a kind.If you buy the product, you will be a very special person.Now you will be just like every other one of the 20 million people who bought it.M: That's really silly.But to me, the dumbest of them all is when advertisers put a celebrity on TV to talk about a particular brand of soap or about a particular car.I bet that the celebrity's never used the product before they got the job of appearing in the commercial.W: Yeah!But most of these commercials work and people remember the product.M: I agree, here we are talking about ads we've seen, aren't we? We are all influenced by those celebrities and brand names.W: I think teenagers are specially vulnerable.Advertisers try to get teenagers used to a brand because they know that in later years, the teenagers will stick to that particular product of theirs.Question 11: What in the advertisement has made the man laugh? Question 12: When some ads imply that you are one of a kind, what does that mean? Question 13: Why does the advertiser put a celebrity on TV to talk about a particular product? Question 14: According to the woman, what will teenagers do if they are used to a brand? Passage two(Q15-18)Many of you may have heard of ”jetlag", which is a condition of sleep disorders resulting from rapid travel over time zones such as on a jet plane.The symptoms of jetlag can be quite varied and may include: loss of appetite, nausea, headache, fatigue, insomnia or even mild depression.Here are few tips for you to avoid jetlag or cope if you are stricken by the condition.First adjust your biological rhythm several days before your departure.And develop a plan
to start switching to the time zone of your destination.For instance, if you will be flying from New York to Paris where it is 6 hours later, get up one hour earlier for a couple of days, then two hours earlier, then three hours earlier.I would try to at least get half way to a new time zone.Turn lights on during daytime in your destination and off during the night time.Second, during the time of your adjustment and especially during the flight, drink plenty of water.If you are not a big water fan, drink some other fluid that is not high in sugar, carbonation or caffeine.Avoid junk food, salty foods, caffeine and alcohol on the plane.Of course I say that, but I always have a couple of drinks during the flight, if you do that, just be sure to drink as much water between drinks as possible.Thirdly, when you arrive in your destination, try to resist the urge to nap during day time, get outside during the daylight hours, even if it's just to sit in a café and relax.Try to get a good night's sleep for the first couple nights.The key is to reset your body's natural clock and to get enough rest.Finally when you return home, use some of the same tactics above to return to your previous time zone.Q15.What's the speaker's definition of jetlag? Q16.What's the difference of the time zones between New York and Paris? Q17.What does the speaker recommend if you do not want to drink much water during the flight? Q18.According to the speaker, what should you try to do once you arrive at the destination? Passage 3(Q19-22)
F: Come in Mr.Edison, take a seat.M: Good morning doctor.F: Now let's get a few details.Shall we? First, your age, now you're 40? M: Er, 35 actually, doctor.F: Right, 35.And your weight? M: About, 105 kilos.F: That's rather a lot for your height, don't you think? M: Yes, Well, I don't get much exercise, doctor.F: And what kind of work do you do exactly? M: I work with computers.F: So you sit most of the day, is that right? M: All day.F: Right, so tell me, do you smoke? M: Well, I used to smoke 20-30 a day, but now it's about 10.F: Emm, Have you had any illness likely? M: Nothing serious, just usual coughs and colds.F: I see.Now, let's talk about your diet.What have you eaten this morning, for example? M: I've had two fried eggs, 5 bread, toast, butter and jam, and oh, 3 cups of tea.F: Well, Mr.Edison, that isn't the best diet now, is it? What else do you normally eat? M: Beef burgers a lot, Chips.F: Dear Oh dear.And what about exercise do you have Mr.Edison? Do you play any Sports? M: Er, can't say I do really.F: Well Mr.Edison this is all rather serious.I think we have to Change a few things in your life.Firstly I recommend that you stop smoking completely.Secondly, you need to get some exercise, walk, instead of drive Mr.Edison.Join a sports club.And lastly, we must make some changes to your diet.No more fried foods, no more chips, and beef burgers, good healthy vegetables, boiled potatoes, grilled meat and fish.Q19.What does the woman say about the man's health? Q20.How many cigarettes does the man smoke each day now? Q21.What does the woman think of the man's breakfast? Q22.Which of the following can not be concluded from the conversation?
Passage 4(Q23-26)May I have your attention, ladies and gentlemen? Since the International club meets only once every semester for this special event, the first thing on our agenda is to have the secretary read the minutes of the last meeting.So when I finish this opening speech, the secretary will read the minutes of our meeting for the last semester.And then we'll go through our annual treasurer's report and decide whether it can be accepted or not.At the top of our agenda, and I'm sure in everyone's mind, is the International Display Week.It has been proposed for discussion.I was chairman of the African club, and now as chairman of the International club, I know more than anyone else the importance of such a display week.Let me explain.There are ten foreign clubs here representing the foreign students on our campus.The purpose of these clubs is, first of all, to get the students from the same countries together, so we won't get too homesick, and so we can help each other over the rough spots.And secondly, so that the American students can join the club of their interest and learn about our culture as we learn theirs.Now, about the display.Some of you old hands will have to help me out, as there was so much going on I can't remember at all.Let me see.There are the Scottish folk dance and Irish one, too.We'll team up with the folk music club and recruit anyone who can sew to help make costumes.Of course, each group will set up a booth decorated with pictures and things of interest in their respective countries, and everyone will wear his national costume.Question 23: Who is the man?
Question 24: How often is the meeting held?
Question 25: What is at the top of the meeting's agenda?
Question 26: What is the purpose of organizing foreign clubs on campus?
Passage 5(Q27-30)F: Paul, nice to see you back from the university.How do you like your new university? I remember your mum had wanted you to go to London University so that you can live at home and walk or cycle to attend the lectures.M: Well, you know I didn't go to London University after all.My new university is on the suburbs of an ancient cathedral city and it is almost 8 miles from the city center.The university is planned on the so called American Campus System.That is to say, students live in halls of residence grouped around the main university buildings.F: You mean you live, eat and study within the university proper? M: Yes, I like it.Because we are a real community.We've got comfortable common rooms and bars.We arrange dances and parties.We've got clubs, theater groups, choirs and so on.And we've got an orchestra.I played the drums in it.By the way, how about your university days, Betty?
F: I rent a house with two other girls in the middle of the city about then minutes walk from the university.The house is falling to pieces.It is damp and there is no proper heating.M: That sounds awful.I couldn't work in a place like yours.The district is poor and could almost be classed as a slum.F: I don't think so.We live among real people who treat us as real people.We've got an electrician living next door, who is always coming in and mending our cooker and electric fires.We could try to get into one of the halls of the residents.But we prefer to be independent.It's nice to belong to the city and to do things outside the university.M: What sort of things do you do outside the university? M: Well, there is a group of us who go and help in a home for handicapped children.And I think in the city bar choir we get on well with the local people, not like you in that suburban district.W: Well, I like history.And my university is one of the best universities for that subject.Besides, it is an ancient city with a lot of historical relics and sightseeing spots.If you can drop by by any chance, I can show you around.F: You bet.27.Where do the man's family live? 28.What is typical of the American Campus System?
29.Why did the women choose to rent a house in the city center? 30.What does the man promise to do for the woman? Listening and Translation
Sentence Translation: 1.Please hold my telephone calls and just take a message.I can call back later.I must have a little peace and quiet to concentrate on these figures.2.This company has a registered capital of 15 million US Dollars and specializes in importing and exporting a great variety of digital products.3.Shared prices on the London market have fallen sharply today, following sharp losses on Wall Street.Shares of leading financial banks have been the worst hit.4.Good health is usually associated with exercise.But that is not the whole picture.In order to keep fit, you have to eat well, sleep well and generally feel good about yourself.5.Many young people dream of becoming top models.To become slim is what they usually desire.Therefore in order to keep their weight down, they simply avoid food.Passage Translation 1.American Businessmen frequently use social situations to make business deals.One of the best examples of this practice is the business lunch.It is used
to win clients to make influential contacts to discuss and settle internal disagreements and even to interview potential employees.Some companies always conduct job interviews over lunch.A business lunch usually lasts from one to two and half hours and it often takes place at a restaurant with a pleasant, quiet atmosphere conducive to private discussions.2.As the world population becomes denser, we will feel greater pressure from the expanding number of people.Some experts argue that we are approaching the limit of the number of people the earth can support adequately and they feel we should turn to compulsory birth control.Other authorities feel that if birth control is imposed on the population, the future of mankind will be seriously endangered.They think intelligent people will be more likely to have fewer children, which would bring about a lowering of the level of intelligence.Spot Dictation
1.round, flat cakes 2.German immigrants 3.their name 4.claim 5.clear answer 6.great hit 7.fast, practical and cheap 8.in the 1920s 9.5 cents each 10.drive-in restaurant
11.popular menu items 12.conquer 13.hot dog stand 14.spring up 15.sold 12 hamburgers 16.US culture 17.60% 18.7% 19.according to the times 20.a fish burger Statements
1-5 ACBDB 6-10 ACDDB Talks and Conversations
11-14 BADC 15-18 DACC 19-22 ABDB 23-26 BCDA 27-30 BACD Sentence Translation
1.请不要挂断，先留个言，我一会儿会打回过去。现在我必须静静地先集中精力看一下这些数字。
2.这家公司有1500万美元的注册资金，主营各类数码产品的进出口。
3.今天伦敦市场股价骤跌，随之华尔街也遭受了巨大损失，金融银行的股价遭受重创。
4.健康的身体和锻炼是紧密相连的，但这并不是全部。保持身体健康还需要吃好、睡好和良好的自我感觉。
5.很多年轻人梦想成为名模，苗条是她们非常渴望的。为了减肥，她们不吃东西。
Passage Translation
1.美国商人经常利用社交场合来做生意，最好的例子就是商务午餐，可以用来争取客户、扩大影响、讨论并解决内部分歧，甚至面试未来的员工。很多面试工作都是在商务午餐中完成的。商务午餐通常持续一到两个半小时，在餐厅中举行，那里安静宜人，适合进行私人谈话。
2.世界人口密度不断加大，越来越多的人带来的压力也不断增加。专家认为，我们正在接近地球所能有效供养的人口的极限，因此应该进行人口计划控制。也有人认为这样会危及到人类的未来，通常高智商人群生育的孩子比较少。因此，有人担忧，这会引起人类整体智力水平的下降。
Section 2
1-5 ABCCC 学口译，做金领！迎战9月口译考试 2009年春季“上海外语口译”笔试查分公告 中高级口译备考必看的历年真题免费下载
【权威发布】09秋季中高级口译考试真题、解析、答案 09春季高级口译二阶段口试模拟题
（一）考前必读：09春季中高级口译考试考生须知 我为口译狂，这个暑假不虚度！
6-10 BCBCD 11-15 ABADC 16-20 CDDAD 21-25 CCBDC 26-30 BADBA Section 3
平常的经济萧条一旦来临，大家都明确应该马上着手做哪些事情：重新翻开尘封已久的凯恩斯的著作，联邦政府调低利息率，总统和国会开始减税，增加财政支出。用不了多久，市场上购销两旺，生产线生机勃勃，贷款扶摇而上，于是乎，凯恩斯的书又回了书架。不需要对经济体制做重大的改革，要知道我们的经济固然偶尔会有一点磕磕碰碰，从根本上说还是健康的。第二次世界大战以后，每次萧条一来，我们都这样如法炮制。
关于哪个阶层应该减税最多，哪些计划可以得到政府资金援助，共和党人和民主党人一直都争论不休。不过，公众舆论自然会要求他们有所作为，因此他们也往往能找到双方都可接受的中间路线，共同推动一个经济刺激的一揽子计划。就算在今天的华盛顿，两党意见空前分歧，我们依然相信，两党都能接受的计划最终一定会出台。然而这次，我们不能指望事情就能就此了结--因为这一次到来的萧条非比寻常，我们的经济从根本上说也已经不健康。这一
次，这个国家需要一些富兰克林·罗斯福的改革手段，并将他们进行更新。在当年的大萧条中，这些改革扭转了乾坤。
Section 4
Our life is shortened by every tick of the second hand of the clock.Each page peeled away from the wall calendar marks a bygone day.Time is life, while life is cherished by everybody, but time, by few.How can we achieve something in our brief life? To learn some knowledge!To replenish ourselves!To help those in need!To add significance to our life!Time should not be squandered if we want to make our life meaningful(to get a lot out of our life).This principle is accepted by all, but wisely observed by very few.
点击咨询 