第一篇：2012年11月教育部二级英语口译真题
2012年11月教育部二级英语口译真题
中译英
崔天凯副部长在中美省州长对话开幕式上的致辞 2011年10月19日
Remarks by Vice Foreign Minister Cui Tiankaiat the China-US Governors Dialogue 19 October 2011
尊敬的赵洪祝书记、周强书记和各位中方省长，尊敬的葛瑞格尔州长和各位美国州长，尊敬的李小林会长、霍马茨副国务卿，各位来宾，女士们、先生们：
Respected Secretary Zhao Hongzhu, Secretary Zhou Qiang and Chinese governors，Honorable Governor Gregoire and other US governors，President Li Xiaolin，Under Secretary Robert Hormats，Distinguished Guests，Ladies and Gentlemen，很高兴出席中美省州长对话。首先，我代表外交部和杨洁篪外长对此次对话成功举行表示热烈祝贺。长期以来，中美地方间合作是两国关系的重要基础和推动力量。举办中美省州长对话是今年1月胡锦涛主席访美的重要成果，也是中国外交部和美国国务院鼎力支持的项目。在全国友协、美国全国州长协会共同努力和两国省州积极支持下，首届中美省州长论坛于今年7月在美国盐湖城成功举行，取得令人振奋的丰硕成果。仅时隔3个月，美国州长代表团回访中国，与中方书记、省长们进行新一轮对话。我们为中美地方间合作蓬勃发展、欣欣向荣的局面感到由衷高兴。
I am delighted to attend the China-US Governors Dialogue.Let me begin by extending warm congratulations on the successful opening of the dialogue on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Minister Yang Jiechi.Over the years, subnational cooperation has been an important foundation and driving force of the relations between China and the United States.The launching of the China-US governors dialogue is an important outcome of President Hu's visit to the United States last January and has received full support from the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the US State Department.With the concerted efforts of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries and the US National Governors Association and active support from Chinese provinces and US states, the first China-US Governors Forum was successfully held in Salt Lake City in July, producing encouraging and fruitful outcomes.Now, after only three months, the US governors are paying a reciprocal visit to China and joining Chinese provincial leaders for a new round of dialogue.We are really gratified to see such momentum in China-US subnational cooperation.对于中美省州长对话，我有三个期待：
I have three hopes for the China-US Governors Dialogue.希望对话成为中美地方合作的催化剂。中国有34个省级行政区，美国有50个州、1个特区、5个联邦领地和海外领地，都各具特色和优势，彼此间拥有巨大合作潜力。建立省州长论坛是为两国地方间交流合作提供高层次机制化平台的开创性举措，不仅将有力促进两国地方共同繁荣，也将自下而上地推动中美总体关系不断前进。
I hope that the dialogue will become a catalyst for China-US subnational cooperation.China has 34 provincial level administrative divisions.The United States has 50 states, one federal district and five unincorporated territories.Each of them is uniquely positioned with its own advantages and has enormous potential for cooperation with others.The China-US Governors Forum is a creative step that aims at offering a high-level and regular platform for subnational exchanges and cooperation.It will not only promote shared prosperity at the subnational level, but also facilitate the overall China-US relations at the national level.希望对话成为中美经贸关系的推进器。两国地方省州是中美经贸合作的主力军。过去10年，美国有47个州对华出口增幅达到3位数甚至4位数。近年来，中国各省企业对美投资快速增长，为美国经济和就业做出贡献。清洁能源、节能环保、生物医药、基础设施等领域是中美经贸合作新的重要增长点。希望两国地方把握机遇，积极开拓，把互利共赢的中美经贸合作提升到更高水平。
I hope that the dialogue will become a propeller of China-US business ties.Subnational efforts represent a large part of our overall trade and economic cooperation.Forty-seven US states have seen three-and even four-digit growth in their exports to China in the past decade and investment by local Chinese businesses in the United States has grown rapidly and contributed to the US economy and job creation in recent years.Clean energy, energy conservation, environmental protection, biomedicine and infrastructure are the new important growth areas in China-US economic cooperation.I hope that the provinces and states will make the most of these opportunities and take the mutually beneficial economic cooperation between our two countries to an even higher level.希望对话成为中美人民间的友谊桥梁。中美关系的根基在人民，动力源泉也在人民。中美人民友好交往日益密切，每年人员往来超过300万人次，平均每天8000多人往返于太平洋两岸。两国地方高校、媒体、智库、青年、民间团体之间加强文化、教育、艺术、体育等形式多样的交流与合作，将在中美间架起更多友谊与合作的桥梁。希望中美两国地方政府携手合作，为此发挥引领作用。
I hope that the dialogue will become a bridge of friendship between the people of our countries.People represent both the foundation and source of strength for China-US relations.The friendly exchanges between the Chinese and American people have increasingly intensified.Each year, over three million visits are made between China and the United States.Everyday, more than 8,000 people on average travel across the Pacific.Enhanced and diverse exchanges and cooperation between Chinese and American universities, media, think tanks, youths and civil societies in culture, education, art and sports will forge more friendships and partnerships between China and the United States.I hope that the provincial, state and local governments of China and the United States will join hands and lead such exchanges.金秋十月是收获的季节。我谨预祝本次对话圆满成功，取得丰硕成果，为中美关系发展添上浓墨重彩的一笔。
Fall is the season of harvest.I wish the dialogue full success, leaving an indelible imprint on China-US relations.谢谢大家。
英译中
希拉里·克林顿创立全球清洁厨灶联盟讲话
Remarks on Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves at the Clinton Global Initiative Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton September 21, 2010 Sheraton Towers New York, New York 希拉里·克林顿国务卿在克林顿全球倡议年会上就创立全球清洁厨灶联盟发表讲话 2010年9月21日 纽约州纽约市 喜来登大酒店
Thank you all.Thank you.Thank you so much.Thank you.And it is, as always, such a personal pleasure for me to join this remarkable gathering.And I look out at this audience and there are just too many people here who deserve recognition to name all of you, so let me just express my deep appreciation to all the representatives of foreign governments as well as the leaders and advocates who are here with us and who will be sharing the stage.And of course, I do want to thank someone very special, namely my husband, for organizing this event –(applause)– and instilling it with his very special spirit of activism, innovation, and commitment that is contagious.谢谢大家，谢谢，非常感谢，谢谢。和往常一样，我为能参加这样一个盛会感到十分高兴。环顾一下在场的与会者，你们都应当受到表彰，只是人数太多，恕我不在此一一提名了，因此，就让我向所有外国政府的代表以及将上台发言的与会领导人和倡导人士表达深深的谢意。当然，我要感谢一位非常特殊的人物，也就是我的丈夫，感谢他组织这项活动（掌声）并在这项活动中注入他非常独特的、富有感染力的积极行动、创新和奉献的精神。
Last year at CGI, I spoke about the Obama Administration’s new strategy for international development, which has elevated development alongside diplomacy and defense as the core pillars of American foreign policy.And we are working with our partner countries to help them obtain the tools and capacity that they need to solve their own problems and contribute to solving the world’s shared problems.Our goal is to help people lift themselves, their families, and their societies out of poverty and toward a better life.And this is not development for development’s sake.This work, we believe, advances our own security, prosperity, and values.在去年的克林顿全球倡议年会上，我谈到了奥巴马政府的国际发展新战略，这项新战略将发展问题提升到与外交和防务同样的高度，一起成为美国对外政策的核心支柱。我们与伙伴国家进行合作，帮助他们获取为解决各自面临的问题所需要的手段和能力，并为解决世界性的共同问题作出贡献。我们的目标是帮助民众以及他们的家庭和社会摆脱贫困，改善生活。而这一目标并非为发展而发展。我们相信，这项工作会推进我们自身的安全、繁荣和价值观。
So we have focused on strategic areas where we can make the biggest impact on agricultural change that stretch from the farm to the market to the table and keep people nourished and productive, health systems that help people spend their days working rather than sick or dying, opportunities for women and girls that allow them to contribute to economic and social progress.因此，我们着重于有关战略领域，对从农场到市场再到饭桌的农业变革发挥最大影响力，并保证人们的营养水平和生产能力；使医疗系统能够帮助人们健康地工作，不会疾病缠身甚至死亡；创造机会使成年和未成年女性能为经济与社会进步作出贡献。
And today, I am very excited to tell you about a new initiative that will advance these and other efforts, and help put vital new tools in the hands of millions of people.今天，我非常高兴地向大家宣布一项新的倡议，以推进这方面的努力和其他努力，并帮助亿万人民获得极其重要的新工具。
As we meet here in New York, women are cooking dinner for their families in homes and villages around the world.As many as 3 billion people are gathering around open fires or old and inefficient stoves in small kitchens and poorly ventilated houses.Many of the women have labored over these hearths for hours, often with their infant babies strapped to their backs, and they have spent many more hours gathering the fuel.The food they prepare is different on every continent, but the air they breathe is shockingly similar: a toxic mix of chemicals released by burning wood or other solid fuel that can reach 200 times the amount that our EPA considers safe for breathing.就在我们在纽约开会之时，世界各地的妇女正在家里和村子里为家人做饭。多达30亿人生起明火，或在窄小的、通风不良的厨房里，在老旧低效的厨灶边忙碌。很多妇女一连几个小时地在这样的厨灶边忙个不停，身上还常常背着婴儿，而且还要花很多时间拾柴。各大洲的妇女做的饭菜各式各样，但她们吸入的气体却惊人地相似：燃烧的木柴和其他固体燃料所释放的有毒的化学混合气体，可能高达我国环保署（EPA）空气安全标准允许含量的200倍。
As the women cook, smoke fills their lungs and the toxins begin poisoning them and their children.The results of daily exposure can be devastating: Pneumonia, the number one killer of children worldwide, chronic respiratory diseases, lung cancer, and a range of other health problems are the consequence.妇女在烧饭时，将烟尘吸入肺部，有害气体导致她们和她们的孩子中毒。日复一日地吸入有毒气体可能造成致命后果：全世界儿童的头号杀手肺炎、慢性呼吸道疾病、肺癌以及其他各种健康问题。
The World Health Organization considers smoke from dirty stoves to be one of the five most serious health risks that face people in poor, developing countries.Nearly 2 million people die from its effects each year, more than twice the number from malaria.And because the smoke contains greenhouse gasses such as carbon dioxide and methane, as well as black carbon, it contributes to climate change.世界卫生组织认为，高污染厨灶产生的烟气是贫穷的发展中国家人民所面临的五种最严重的健康危害之一，每年造成将近200万人死亡，超过疟疾造成的死亡人数的两倍。此外，由于烟气中含有诸如二氧化碳、甲烷以及黑碳等温室气体，它对气候变化也大有影响。
There are other consequences as well.In conflict zones like the Congo, the journeys that women must take to find scarce fuel put them at increased risk of violent and sexual assault.Even in safer areas, every hour spent collecting fuel is an hour not spent in school or tending crops or running a business.还有其他一些后果。在像刚果这样的冲突地区，妇女为寻找稀少的烧柴必须长途跋涉，致使她们受到暴力和性侵犯的危险更大。即使在比较安全的地方，她们为拾柴多花一个小时，就意味着在学校、田间或做生意上少花一个小时。
People have cooked over open fires and dirty stoves for all of human history, but the simple fact is they are slowly killing millions of people and polluting the environment.Engineers and development professionals have worked on this problem for decades.My own involvement stretches back many years, and I’m well aware that well-meaning efforts have been launched, but none have managed to match the scope of the challenge.在整个人类历史进程中，人们一直在用明火或高污染厨灶做饭，但一个明确的事实是，厨灶正在导致千百万人慢性死亡，同时还在污染环境。工程师和开发专业人员几十年来一直在努力解决这个问题。我自己参与其中也有很多年了。据我了解，人们已经作出一些良好的努力，但这些努力不足以应对这一挑战的规模。
But today, because of technological breakthroughs, new carbon financing tools, and growing private sector engagement, we can finally envision a future in which open fires and dirty stoves are replaced by clean, efficient, and affordable stoves and fuels all over the world – stoves that still cost as little as $25.如今，由于出现了技术突破、新型碳融资手段以及越来越多私营企业的参与，我们终于可以展望这样一个未来：明火和高污染厨灶在世界范围内被清洁、高效、价格廉宜的厨灶和燃料所取代——而这样的厨灶售价只需25美元。
I know that maybe this sounds hard to believe, but by upgrading these stoves, millions of lives could be saved and improved.This could be as transformative as bed nets or even vaccines.So today, I am very pleased to announce the creation of the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves.(Applause.)This is a public-private partnership led by the United Nations Foundation that will work toward the goal of 100 million homes adopting new clean stoves and fuels by 2020.Our long-term goal is universal adoption all over the world, and the alliance is a perfect CGI model of a public-private partnership that already includes governments such as the United States, Germany, Norway, and Peru, international development organizations and local NGOs, as well as foundations and private companies such as Morgan Stanley and Shell.我知道也许这听起来难以置信，但是通过这些厨灶的升级，数百万人的寿命能够延长、生活能够改善。这可能会像蚊帐甚或疫苗一样有变革意义。所以今天，我很高兴地宣布创立全球清洁厨灶联盟。（掌声）这是一项公私合作伙伴关系，由联合国基金会挑头，力争实现到2020年让一亿户人家用上新型清洁厨灶和燃料的目标。我们的长远目标是在世界各地普及清洁厨灶，而这个联盟则是克林顿全球倡议的一个完美模式，其政府和私营伙伴关系已经包括诸如美国、德国、挪威、秘鲁等国政府，多个国际开发组织和各地的非政府组织，还有各类基金会以及摩根士丹利、壳牌公司等私人企业。
And we do expect to grow quickly with your help, and this effort will proceed on a number of parallel tracks.First, a major applied research and development effort to improve design, lower costs, and develop global industry standards for cookstoves.There are already some good stoves out there, but we can make them much more durable, efficient, and affordable, and scale up production to reach a mass market.With the right advances, new stoves could even use their own wasted heat to produce electricity that powers smoke-clearing fans, mobile phones, and even household lights.我们确实期待着在你们的帮助下快速发展，这一努力将在数条平行轨道上展开。首先，要有一个重要的应用研究和开发项目，来改善设计、降低成本，并制定厨灶产业的全球性标准。市场上已经有一些效果不错的炉具，但我们可以把它们设计得更耐用、高效，经济实惠，并能扩大生产，投放大众市场。如果取得适当进展，新型厨灶甚至可以用自身余热发电，电力又可以驱动清烟风扇、为移动电话充电、甚至用于家庭照明。
Second, a broad-based campaign to create a commercial market for clean stoves, including reducing trade barriers, promoting consumer awareness, and boosting access to large-scale carbon financing.Now, no single stove will meet the needs of every community across the world.In fact, previous efforts have taught us that if local tastes and preferences are not considered, people will simply not use the stoves, and we’ll find them stacked in piles of refuse.That’s why a market-based approach that relies on testing, monitoring, and research is so important, because if we do this right, these new stoves will fit seamlessly into family cooking traditions while also offering a step up toward a better life.其次，要有一项具有广泛基础的努力，为清洁炉具开辟一个商业市场，包括降低贸易壁垒，以提高消费者的意识，并促进获得大规模的碳融资。不过，任何一种厨灶都不能满足世界各地每一个社区的需求。事实上，以前的经验告诉我们，如果对当地的品味和喜好不加考虑，人们根本不会使用这些炉具，我们会发现它们变成堆积如山的废物。这就是为什么一种以市场为基础并且依赖于检测、监测和研究的方式是如此重要，因为如果我们的做法得当，这些新型厨灶就会完美地融入家庭烹饪传统，同时也使人们向更美好的生活迈进一步。
Third, we will integrate clean stoves into our international development projects so that refugee camps, disaster relief efforts, and long-term aid programs all will act as distribution networks.Women and girls who are obviously the vast majority of stove users will be our focus throughout.Women-owned, micro-financed businesses and networks can extend deep into hard-to-reach communities, and that I know a number of my friends from SEWA, the Self Employed Women’s Association that started in India, has already made a huge difference for millions of women in India.And they’re with us today;you’ll meet them in a minute.And they’re helping us to make this happen more broadly.第三，我们将把清洁厨灶与我们的国际发展项目结合起来，这样，难民营、救灾行动和长期援助项目等都将成为我们的推广、分发网络。显然，作为厨灶主要使用者的妇女和女孩子将是我们自始至终的工作重点。妇女拥有的小型贷款企业和各种网络能够深深地延伸到难以企及的社区。我认识好几位来自自我创业妇女协会的朋友，这个从印度发起的组织已经改变了数百万妇女的命运，今天这些朋友也在座，你们很快就会与她们见面。她们正在帮助我们把这个事业推广到更大的范围。
The United States is committing more than $50 million over the next five years to this initiative, and we urge other countries to join us.Our partners have already contributed an additional $10 million, and we’re working to raise more every day with the goal of reaching at least $250 million over 10 years.This is a project that brings, across our government, the experts together, and many of them have long experience in working on clean stoves, but never before have we pulled our resources and our expertise behind a single global campaign, as we are doing today.And never before have we had the range of global partners and coordination that the Alliance for Clean Cookstoves brings with it.美国已承诺在以后5年中为此行动计划提供5000万美元，我们敦促其他国家也参加这个行列。我们的伙伴们已经捐助了另外1000万美元，我们每天在努力募集更多资金，我们的目标是在10年内至少筹到2.5亿美元。这个项目把政府各部门的专家们汇聚到一起，他们中的许多人具有研究清洁厨灶的多年经验，但我们以前从未像我们今天所做的那样，把所有的资源和专长汇集在一个全球性运动之中；我们以前也从未有过清洁厨灶联盟所带来的如此广泛的全球伙伴和协作。
So we need your help as well.You’re here because you are already committed to identifying and investing in innovative solutions to persistent global problems.So today, I ask you to join us, to be a part of this solution, an issue that brings together so many of our concerns.Whether you’re passionate about health or the environment or sustainable development or women’s empowerment, this is a project for you, and we need you.因此，我们也需要你们的帮助，在座的各位来到这里，是因为你们已经承担起义务，找出并投资于创新办法来解决长期以来困扰着我们的全球性问题。因此，今天我请求你们加入进来，成为这个解决办法的一部分，因为我们如此之多的关切都汇集在这个问题上。无论你是热衷于健康问题、环境问题、可持续发展问题，还是增加妇女权益问题，这就是你要做的项目，我们需要你的参与。
The next time you sit down with your own family to eat, please take a moment to imagine the smell of smoke, feel it in your lungs, see the soot building up on the walls, and then come find us at the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves.Hearths, whatever they look like, and wherever we gather around them, where we tell our stories and pass down our values, bind families together.And the benefits from this initiative will be cleaner and safer homes, and that will, in turn, ripple out for healthier families, stronger communities, and more stable societies.So we are excited because we think this is actually a problem we can solve.下一次，当你和你的家人一起进餐时，请你停顿一个瞬间来设想一下烟气的味道，设想一下它进入你肺部的感觉，以及烟灰在墙上聚积的情景，然后就到全球清洁厨灶联盟来参加我们的事业。无论我们的厨灶是什么形状，无论我们在什么地方围绕着灶台，我们都在那里讲述经历，传承价值观，把我们的家庭紧紧联结在一起。这项倡议将带来更清洁和更安全的家庭环境，由此将产生更健康的家庭、更强健的社区和更稳定的社会。因此，我们很兴奋，因为我们觉得，这是一个我们能够切实解决的问题。
And I want to bring up and introduce to you a woman who has been my partner in this process in the United States Government.She provided invaluable leadership to this effort and has on so many important issues facing our country.The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, Lisa Jackson.现在我要把一位女士介绍给大家，她是我在美国政府中推进这个项目的伙伴，她在该项努力中以及在我们国家面临的其他许多重要问题中发挥了非凡的领导作用，她就是美国环境保护署署长。
第二篇：口译真题
2011-5
5月8日上午中级口译
口语话题：住在大城市的优点
英译汉：中美文化差异亚洲经济论坛 汉译英：入住和平酒店（口译教程篇章）中非合作友好关系
5月8日下午中级口译
口语话题：Can classroom teaching be replaced by guided learning through the Internet? 英译汉：艾滋哀之（教程重点篇章）伦敦的介绍，伦敦的人口和占地面积，是活生生的博物馆
汉译英：健康话题，要均衡膳食，戒掉酗酒、吸烟的坏毛病，让身体与事业双丰收
云南旅游，介绍云南风土人情
5月15日上午中级口译
口语话题：Are you Happy?
英译汉：职业生涯 Advice for young singers and song writers
Mutual Relation between U.S.and China 中美关系已经考了两周，后面的同学注意了啊。汉译英：开学典礼讲话江西旅游
5月15日下午中级口译
口语话题：Lifelong education
英译汉：仪式讲话 中美关系科技与发展 汉译英：旅游及其意义待客礼仪（难度偏大）
5月22日上午中级口译
口语话题：失物招领公司应该免费还是要价？
英译汉：英语学习中美关系（连续三周考到了。）
汉译英：五一劳动节演讲（口译教程篇章）
中国文化遗产概况（这几周的考试真是把旅游话题进行到底了。）
5月22日下午中级口译
口语话题：在国家博物馆前放孔子雕塑是否合适？
英译汉：人格尊严国际抗贫困大会 汉译英：外国人到中国投资中国人通过互联网参政监督
2010-5
5月9日上午，中级，上海：
世博会Expo
1.the history of expo and the significance of Shanghai 2010 expo
2.what attracts you most, cultural activities, the pavilion…
英译汉：中非关系美国人喜欢独居 汉译英：斯坦佛大学介绍西方文化影响
5月9日下午，中级，上海：
地震之后：1，官方数据，死伤人数是多少？
2，地震发生后的救灾措施3，捐赠行动
英译汉：中英关系美国独立日晚宴祝词 汉译英：演讲文化的三个层次
5月15日下午，中级，南京：
making a new living：new occupation
driver instructor等现象愈发热门，第三产业日益发展
英译汉：股票交易市场（教程篇章）文化交流论坛发言 汉译英：大学精神改善生存环境
5月16日上午，中级，上海：
普通话与方言
英译汉：美国和中国教师与教育事业
汉译英：关于上海环境保护
5月16日下午，中级，上海：
Should living skills training become compulsory in schools? 生存技能训练对在校学生是否必须？ 英译汉：大学的职能与发展，对社会贡献
美国老人和孩子一起生活的问题、原因
汉译英：世博会女性领导的优势
5月23日上午，中级，上海：
行人与驾车者的道路权孰大
英译汉：美国独居老人的问题飞速变化的世界对人们的影响
汉译英：中国人在春节期间的活动（选自课本）上海的介绍（涉及到上海博物馆以及东方明珠电视塔）
5月23日下午，中级，上海：
老师补课赚外快合法吗？
英译汉：乔布斯的演讲，Stay hungry, stay foolish
探月工程
汉译英：春节的来历
华东进出口商品交易会
2010-11
11月14日上午的中口口语话题：
如何解决大城市的交通拥堵问题。
英译汉第一篇：美国的旅游和交通
口译教程上有一篇很相似的内容，在课堂上也讲解过。
英译汉第二篇：领导者和人民的关系
这是以往不太出现的内容，值得之后的考生特别关注。
汉译英第一篇：上海菜
口译教程上有相似话题的内容，课堂讲义里也有类似关于饮食的练习。
汉译英第二篇：08年抗震救灾和北京奥运
抗震救灾话题与事实相结合，口译考试从来不拒绝热点。北京奥运在课堂讲义里有相关专题，真题也进行过练习。希望大家有好的发挥。
11月14日下午的中口口语话题：
The high-speed rail in china。又是当前的热点话题。还没考的童鞋们关注了啊。
英译汉第一篇：car rental services in USA
此篇出自中级口译教程 4-1行在美国。在课堂上练习过，也作为回家作业做过。说的是去美国旅行的一些建议：不要买车而是租车。因为美国是世界上租车业最发达的国家。有美国的两大汽车巨头在各机场设有办公楼，其他地方城市其他的美国租车公司有设办事处。
英译汉第二篇：economic recovery
主要说最近经济复苏，亚洲遥遥领先远超过欧洲的恢复速度，特别是中国和印度更是复苏的领头羊。美国的经济有望借复苏的势头来年恢复经济，但还存在一些潜在的风险。
汉译英第一篇：京河高科技园区简介
此篇出自中级口译教程 2-4 参观访问。其中涉及到“走马观花”这样的四字格，“背靠渤海”这样地理方位的描述。虽然在课堂上作为回家作业让同学做过，但没有充分准备的话，依然会觉得难度较大。汉译英第二篇：上海世博会
上下午的考题一对比，大家读出些什么讯息了么？上午和下午都统一考到了美国交通和旅行的状况。记得五月份的某一次二阶段考试，上下午都考到了中国传统文化的内容。也许是巧合，但每一次巧合背后会有一定的道理。正在备战的聪明的你们，知道怎么做了？
11月21日中级口译口试
英译汉第一篇：商务洽谈此篇出自中级口译教程 3-3 合资企业。
英译汉第二篇：志愿者活动看来命题者深受“小白菜”们的影响。
汉译英第一篇：来沪工作
此篇出自中级口译教程 3-1 欢迎光临。涉及reception and ceremonial speech的内容。汉译英第二篇：中日关系紧跟时事的节拍，值得后面的考生注意。
11月28日上午的口语题：
Competition: a good thing or a bad thing?
英译汉第一篇： the differences in work ethics between the Chinese and Americans.改编自《中级口译教程》3-4 文化差异
英译汉第二篇：knowledge-based economy
难度较大。讲的是知识经济时代，要求年轻人有长远的眼光，开放的头脑，善于发挥自己的潜力。知识经济的特点之一是创新。创新不仅意味着创造知识，而且要运用这些知识。
汉译英第一篇：吸引外资
改编自《中级口译教程》2-4 参观访问。在课堂讲义的第一单元后面作为回家作业要求大家完成的。汉译英第二篇：世博与旅游
主要内容说世博和旅游历来是相互结合，相互促进的。成功举办世博会是党和人民赋予旅游业的历史使命和光荣任务。世博近期还是热点话题。上几周的考试也考过。
11月28日下午口试：
先给了一段文章，大意是 One Foundation Report from Beijing Normal University on philanthropy and charitable course in China.话题是 Should there be a minimum for billionaires’ donations?英译汉第一篇：entrepreneurial culture
整段难度非常大。很多同学一上来都懵了。其实此段改编自《中级口译教程》13-1 企业文化。英译汉第二篇：global food crisis
现在全球粮食危机严重，超乎我们的想象。商品价格飙涨，粮食价格高。贫困人群尤其是儿童营养状况堪忧。整段难度不大，但同学收到上一段的打击，加之这段三个数字的口译，总体不太理想。
汉译英第一篇：如何教育青少年
典型的青少年教育话题，难度一般。一方面父母期望过高，另一方面网络科技的发展容易引发青少年犯罪问题。青少年的健康成长需要家庭、学校和全社会的共同努力。
汉译英第二篇：中美合作关系
典型的双边关系话题，套句很多。经过训练的同学一定能顺利通过。主要讲中美两国是具有影响力的国家。两国有广泛的共同利益和合作基础。两国的建设性合作关系符合两国人民的根本利益，有利于世界的和平、稳定和发展。
总体感受：
口语部分虽不是最关键的，但良好的intonation以及流利度会给考官极好的印象。后面的口译打分自然就会有偏向，也许不及格的句子会偏向及格。
得教程者得天下。尤其是英译汉第一段基本都来自教程。而顺利拿到英译汉第一段是对士气的很大鼓舞。把讲过的内容记熟且流畅地表达出来就已经很好了。进考场前问问自己是不是已经把笔记的重要词组都口头过了一遍。
时事需关注，出题有时候有滞后效应。比如世博还是考了。上几周还考到08奥运和抗震救灾。关注时事，同时善于思考，多开口讨论。
2009-11
11月8日上午，中级，上海：
The 60th anniversary of the founding of the New China.英译汉：硅谷中非关系 汉译英：旅游业的发展和前景气功和瑜伽
11月8日下午，中级，上海：
博物馆是否应该免费开放
英译汉：硅谷（教程篇章）来宾到中国访问，对中国有深厚感情 汉译英：中国传统节日（春节，元宵节，端午节和中秋节）住房的问题
11月15日上午，中级，上海：
Can foreign language skills help government's image? 公务员是否要学外语
英译汉：中国经济上取得的成就第九届上海国际高科技博览会开幕
汉译英：中美贸易关系
11月15日下午，中级，上海：
Is drunk driving a felony?
汉译英：企业文化对酒精与死亡的研究，醉酒驾驶等
汉译英：改革开放与民生大会发言，中西经济发展
11月22日上午，中级，上海：
Should we resume the use of traditional character?
英译汉：中美交通上海发展 汉译英：中非合作高峰论坛世界无烟日
11月28日下午，中级，南京：
参加高考人数减少，高考制度的改革
英译汉：在美国买便宜货是乐趣，商场各季大甩卖云南少数民族文化的调研
汉译英：中国医疗卫生信息体制，国有私有医疗机构做法的不同乐山大佛
11月29日下午，中级，宁波：
Will ID cell phone purchases reduce junk messages? 手机实名制对减少垃圾短信是否有益处？
英译汉：企业核心价值体系（教程篇章）气候变化
汉译英：松江新城投资洽谈会国家邮政领域改革
第三篇：口译真题
09年春季上海外语口译考试中级口译笔译真题
Part A: Spot Dictation
Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear a passage and read the same passage with blanks in it.Fill in each of the blanks with the word or words you have heard on the tape.Write your answer in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Remember you will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.You might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States, but that is not totally true.These________(1), or patties, actually came from Germany in the middle of the nineteenth century.They were brought to the United States by________(2)who came from the city of Hamburg.That is why ________(3)was “hamburger steak' However, people in other place________(4)that 'they invented the hamburger.Perhaps we'll never have a ________(5).the there's no question that the hamburger was a________(6).Why? Perhaps because at that time, industry was growing and a kind of food was need_________(7)for workers.The hamburger became even more popular_________(8)when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started.This chain was called “White Castle”.It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only _________(9).Then, in the 1930s there came the _________(10)where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform.And the humburger was one of the most _________(11).By now, The hamburger was ready to_______(12)the world.And this happened with McDonald’s, which was actually a _________(13)at first.But by the early 1950s the hot dog was replaced by the hamburger.McDonald’s and other fast food restaurants ________(14)around the world throughout the rest of the twentieth century.McDonald’s alone has________(15)for everyone person in the world.The importance of the hamburger to _________(16)remains significant.About _______(17)of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers.According to some sources,_________(18)of current workers in the United States had their first job at McDonald’s.But the face of the hamburger is changing _______(19).Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger, a turkey burger, ________(20),or veggie burger.Part B: Listening Comprehension
1.Statements Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements.These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE and you will not find them written on the paper, so you must listen carefully.When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard.Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSER BOOKLET.l.(A)We were met by the head of the company at the airport.(B)We haw Mrs.Jones was the president of the company,.(C)Mrs.Jones used to be the secretary of the company(D)Mrs.Jones came to see us off at the airport., 2.(A)The board of directors asked about the changes.(B)The board 'of directors decided to invest more on the project.(C)The board of directors approved the revisions.(D)The board of directors could not understand her explanation.3.(A)Many university students prefer soft drinks to fresh fruits.(B)Most of them are first-or-second year college students(C)A number of college students refuse to disclose their identities(D)Not many students are interested in our research projects.4.(A)We decided to sell the car when the oil Prices rose.(B)We should not delay solving the problem of oil prices.(C)We were at a loss as to whether to buy that expensive car or not.(D)We didn't buy a car because of the floating oil prices.5.(A)Most of them are from low-income belies.(B)Most of them are in favor of a tax cut.(C)I know the Congress will veto the tax reform.(D)I propose the tax reform be debated in the Congress.6.(A)Effective self management skills are key to academic and career success.(B)If you spend a lot of time on your school work, you will become a good manager later(C)School work can be time-consuming and is likely to make you feel exhausted after class.(D)Good management calls for more time and energy on the part of the academic staff 7.(A)Mr.Paul White has just been fired.(B)Mr.Paul White has forgotten the woman's name.(C)Mr.Paul White is looking for a job.(D)Mr.Paul White has the woman Promoted.8.(A)I shall give you a discount(B)The crisis is affecting the Whole world.(C)I shall come in my Sunday best.(D)The price is still too high.9.(A)He finished the negotiation in three days.(B)He was on a business trip ten days ago.(C)His toughness cost him three more days.(D)His business trip lasted thirteen days.l0.(A)We are sure that our children will become positive members of the changing society.(B)Children with self esteem can make positive adjustment and achieve career success.(C)Personal goals can be reached with the help of parents who are competent members of the society(D)Parents with confidence will adapt themselves to the changes and accomplish personal goals.2.Talks and Conversations Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short talks and conversations.After each of these, you will hear after questions.Listen carefully because you will hear the talk or conversation and questions ONLY ONCE when you hear a question, read the four answer choices and choose the best answer to that question.Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Question8 11--14 l 1.(A)The products were all made from fresh vegetables and fruits(B)The homemade products were actually made in the factory
(C)The factory was equipped with the most sophisticated machinery(D)There were homemade fresh vegetables and fruits in the factory l2.(A)You are special.(B)You are natural.(C)You are stupid.(D)You are dumb l3.(A)To better explain how to use that product.(B)To help reduce the promotion cost of that product.(C)To induce more famous people to use that product.(D)To get TV viewers to remember that product.l4.(A)Be easily affected by other products.(B)Be aware of the same kind of product.(C)Stick to that particular product.-(D)Strike a bargain for other products.Questions 15--18 l5.(A)A flight over time zones.(B)A loss of one's characters.(C)A symptom of leg problems.(D)A condition of sleep disorders.l6.(A)Six hours.(B)Seven hours.(C)Eight hours(D)Nine hours.l7.(A)Avoid junk food, salty foods, caffeine and alcohol.(B)Drink as little water as possible between meals(C)Take drinks with less Sugar, carbonation or caffeine(D)Always have other fluid on the plane.l8.(A)Sleep as soon as possible.(B)Nap even during daytime.(C)Get a good night's sleep.(D)Relax yourself in a cafe.Questions 19--22 l9.(A)He is overweight.(B)He is seriously ill(C)He is down with cold.(D)He is hale and hearty 20.(A)Two(B)Ten.(C)twenty(D)Thirty 2l.(A)It is the best(B)It is nutritious.(C)It is not enough(D)It is no healthy.22.(A)the man is a heavy smoker(B)The man is rather short.'
(C)The man drives a car(D)The man works with a computer.'' Questions 23--26 23.(A)Chainman of the African Club.(B)Chainman of the International Club.(C)Chainman of the Irish Club.(D)Chainman of the Folk Music Club.24.(A)Once a week(B)Once a month(C)Once a semester(D)Once a year 25.(A)The minutes of the last meeting.(B)The treasurer's report.(C)The Scottish and Irish Folk Dances.(D)The International Display Week.26.(A)to help the students from the same countries overcome their homesickness and other problems.(B)To set up booths decorated with pictures and things of interest in the respective countries.(C)To recruit anyone who can sew to help make costumes so that every club member can wear their national costume.(D)To teach the American students Scottish and Irish folk dances during the special even of the display.Que8tions 27--30 27.(A)In Bath(B)In London.(C)In York(D)In the suburbs.28.(A)Students live in halls residence around the university buildings.(B)Students are encouraged to conduct their independent research project(C)Students first live in halls of residence and then are allowed to move out.(D)Students can share the common rooms with faculty members.29.(A)She couldn't find a room in the residential hall.(B)She could save money to pay for her studies.(C)She could mix well with the local people.(D)She could live in a comfortable house.30.(A)Give her some advice on how to strike a bargain.(B)Introduce her to the local people
(C)Help her with the volunteer work.(D)Show her around the ancient cathedral city Part C: Listening and Translation
1.Sentence Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English.You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.(l)(2)(3)(4)(5)2.Passage Translation Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English.You will hear the passage ONLY ONCE.After you have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.You may take notes while you are listening.(1)
(2)SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS(45 minutes)Directions: In this section, you wiIl read several passages.Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content.You are to choose ONE best answer,(A),(B),(C)or(D), to each question.Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.Questions 1--5 I came across an old country guide the other day.It listed all the tradesmen in each village in my part of the country,and it was impressive to see the great variety of services which were available on one's own doorstep in the late Victorian countryside.Nowadays a superficial traveler in rural Eng1and might conclude that the only village tradesmen still flourishing were either selling frozen food to the inhabitants or selling antiques to visitors.Nevertheless, this would really be a false impression.Admittedly there has been a contraction of village commerce, bul its vigor is still remarkable.Our local grocer's shop, for example, is actually expanding in spite of the competition from supermarkets in the nearest town.Women sensibly prefer to go there and exchange the local news whi1e doing their shopping, instead of
queueing up anonymously at a supermarket.And the proprietor knows well that persona1 service has a substantial cash value.His Prices may be a bit higher than those in the town, bu he will deliver anything at any time.His assistants think nothing of bicycling down the village street in their lunch hour to take a piece of cheese to an old age pensioner who sent her order by word of mouth with a friend who happened to be passing.The more affluent customers telephone their shopping lists and the goods are on their doorsteps within an hour.They have only to hint at a fancy for some commodity outside the usual stock and the grocer a red-faced figure, instantly obtains it for them..The village gains from this sort of enterprise, of course.But I also find it satisfactory because a village shop offers one of the few ways in which a modest individualist can still get along in the world without attaching himself to the big battalions of industry or commerce.Most of the village shopkeepers I know, at any rate, are decidedly individualist in their ways.For example, our shoemaker is a formidable figure: a thick-set, irritable man whom children treat with marked respect, knowing that an ill-judged word can provoke an angry eruption at any time.He stares with contempt at the pairs of cheap, mass-produced shoes taken to him for repair: has it come to this, he seems to be saying, that he, a craftsman, should have to waste his skills upon such trash? But we all know he will in fact do excellent work upon them.And he makes beautiful shoes for those who can afford such luxury.1.The services available in villages nowadays are normally_________.(A)fewer but still very active(B)less successful than earlier but managing to survive(C)active in providing food for the village and tourists(D)surprisingly energetic considering the little demand for them 2.The local grocer’s shop is expanding even though________.(A)town shops are more attractive(B)town shops are larger and less well-known(C)people like to shop where they are less well-known(D)people get extra service in townshops 3.How do the village grocer’s assistants feel about delivering goods?(A)They tend to forget it.(B)They will not consider it.(C)They take it for granted.(D)It does not seem worth their while 4.Another aspect of personal service available in the village shop is that_________.(A)there is a wide range of goos available(B)goods not in stock can be obtained whenever they are needed(C)special attention is given to the needs of wealthier customers
(D)goods are always restocked before they run out 5.In what way is the village shoemaker a “formidable figure”?
(A)He seems to pay little attention to public opinion.(B)He refuses to mend cheap,mass-produced shoes.(C)He has a very rough temper.(D)He has very high standards of workmanship.Questions 6--10 Drivers on the Basingstoke by-pass used to have their attention diverted by a sign that read—A MOMENT'S INATTENTION CAUSES ACCIDENTS.This self-defeating warning has now been removed, but its message is still very much to the point.Almost anyting can cause an accident.Apart from momentary inattention, it might be a minor miscalculation, a sudden fit of coughing, a bop on the head with a teddy-bear from a child in the back seat, an argument with the wife, fog, falling asleep at the wheel, bad eyesight, a glaring sun, ice, rain, wind, or snow—a1l these can make the difference between a tragic hit and a lucky miss.Although human error plays its part, it is by no means the only cause of accidends.There must be some cause other than simple human error.Road construction plays its part: researchers have found that it is not at the obvious danger spot—sharp corners, cross-roads, narrow lanes—that accidents happen.It is on those roads where there are subtle visual traps, unexpected changes in the shape or surface of the.road, or even insufficient or badly-placed signs.Wherever there is a 'black spot', it means that something is seriously wrong with the road.Why else did the careless driving of so many come out at that particular spot? What the law requires when you have an accident There are, firstly the legal formalities of exchanging names and addresses with others involved in an accident and, in certain cases, informing the police.However, you are required by law to stop after an accident only if: l Somebody other than yourself in or outside your car has been injured.2 A vehicle not your own has been damaged.3 Any horse, cow,donkey,sheep, or dog has been injured.It has been said that if a driver continues unaware of causing injury he must be acquitted.But the courts are wary of that excuse.Furthermore, the driver himself must wait at the scene;it is not enough for him to leave his chauffeur or a friend to attend to the boring formalities while he goes off on more important business.If you have been involved in an accident and have stopped, you must give your name, address, and registration number to anyone who has a good reason for requesting it;this means anyone affected by the accident.If these formalities are complied with it is not necessary to wait for the arrival of the police.It is，however, often wise to do so.The police are expert at drawing plans, taking measurements and photographs and gathering other evidence.In your absence the police could be given a biased story against you;and you yourself migh wam to point out certain features of the accident to the police.6.A MOMENT'S INATTENTION CAUSES ACCIDENTS'(para.l)is a self defeating Warning because______.(A)it will make a driver wait at the scene(B)it will distract the driver's attention(C)it is too difficult to understand(D)it is too long to be read by drivers 7.According to the passage, which of the following statements is true?(A)After an accident you have to give your name to anyone who asks for it.(B)Drivers on the Basingstoke by-pass used to ignore the sign.(C)Road construction problems can be a major cause of accidents.(D)A 'black spot' is a part of the road where there are no signs.8.'Subtle visual traps'(para.3)are ______.(A)places where the police hide in order to trap motorists(B)parts of the road which are deceptive to the driver's eye
(C)danger spots such as sharp corners and cross-roads(D)places where there are man road-signs 9.As required by the law, you must stop after an accident, if ______.(A)you have been injured by somebody.(B)your car has been damaged.(C)you have injured somebody else(D)you have witnessed the accident l 0.After an accident it is recommended that you wait for the police because _________.(A)it is against the law to drive off(B)they have to examine your licence and insurance certificate(C)they have to noto the position of your car(D)somebody may give them a false account of the accident Questions 11--15 Just as word oil scarcity is already causing intemational conflicts, so will the scarcity of water reach a point where wars will break out.The statistics on water are already scary.Already well over l billion people suffer from water shortages and 30 countries get more than a third of their water from outside their
borders—an obvious source of disputes and instability especially as the climate changes.The whole of the sub-Saharan Africa, most of South Asia and western South America are most at risk.The reason: the rapid melting of glaciers due to global warning.At the meeting of the coalition of 27 Intemaional charities last month, Gareth Thomas, minister of Intenatonal Development of the British government, wrote to prime minister Gordon Brown demanding action to ensure fresh water to 1.1 billion people with poor supplies.”If we do not act now, the reality is that water supplies may become the subject of international conflict in the years ahead.We need to invest now to prevent us having to pay that price in the future“, Thomas said.The department warned that two-thirds of theword's population will live in water-stressed countries by 2025.The coalition of charities has appealed for a global effort to bring running water to the developing world and supply sanitation to a further 2.6 billion people.It said that international investment is needed now to prevent competition for water to destabilize communities and escalate into conflicts.Tackling the water and sanitation crisis is essential if the Millennium Development Goal Call to Action is to be a success.Otherwise, progress on health, education, and environment sustainability will be undermined.Each year 443 million school days are lost globally to diarrhea and 1.8 million children die from these diseases.In fact, it is often not realized tha investing in sanitation and water brillgs the greatest public health gains, more than any other single development intervention and delivers enormous economic
gains.Already, some Asian countries have put tackling these issues at the forefront of theirdevelopment efforts.The Millennium Development Goals aim to halve the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water by 20l5.To achieve that urgent action needs to be taken.There is no doubt that climate change is potentially the most important factor affecting water shor tage.This, compounded with a growing and increasingly urbanized global population will put pressure on food and water.For a temperature rise of 2°C, which is likely to happen by 2050, there would be a catastrophic 2 to 3 billion people suffering from water stress.11.What does the author think is primarily responsible for water shortages in the world ?(A)Climate chance.(B)Border dispute.(C)World competition.(D)Political instability 12.According to Gareth Thomas, _______ is the price we have to pay for water shortage if we do not take immediate action.(A)sanitation crisis(B)intemational conflict(C)global warming(D)over-urbanization 13.What can the coalition of charities do to prevent competition for water ?(A)Appealing for international investment.(B)Bringing running water to the developing world.(C)Supplying sanitation to billions of water-stressed people.(D)Enhancing world environment sustainability 13.The Millennium Development Goals aim to_______ in the near future.(A)tackle the water and sanitation crisis(B)yield economic gains as well as public health gains(C)mak progress on health, education and environment sustainability(D)provide more people with clean drinking water 15.According to the passage, what will add to water shortage ?(A)Oil scarcity.(B)A drop in temperature(C)A growing population.(D)Reduced food supply Questions 16.-20 Parenting was never a piece of cake in any age, but probably the greatest source of headache for parents today in Japan is the ubiquitous cellphone.Today, 96 percent of senior high school students and 58 percent of junior high school students have cellphones.Even among primary school children, 3l percent have them.By enabling youngsters to stay connected with their parents at all times, these gadgets help to keep children safe.For the kids, they are fun toys, too, that let them text to or chat with their pals whenever they wat, play Intemet games, and enjoy blogging for their own profile and diary purposes.But terrible dangers lurk beneath all that fun and convenience.Every year about l,000 children become involved in rape and other crimes through dating service sites.Violent and obscene images are only a couple of clicks away.On gakkoura saito, or so-called unofficial school websites where kids can post whatever they want, anyone can fall victim to brutal ''verbal mob lynching” by their peers.Amid today's urgent need to address these problems, the government’s Meeting on Education Rebuilding has issued a report.In response to the Prime Minister's recent comments---“I carmot think of one good reason for(letting youngsters)have a cellphone“ and ”I would like everyone to discuss whether cellphones are really necessary:“----the report recommended that ”parents, guardians, schools and all parties concerned should cooperate among themselves, so that elementary school pupils and junior high school students do not have a cellphone unless there is a compelling reason for them to do so.“ But since many parents believe in the necessity of cellphones as a safety tool, it is unrealistic to expect everyone to do away with them.Rather, it would make more sense for guardians, schools and cellphone companies to consider, from their respective standpoints,how cellphones should be used by children.We suggest that parents sit down with their offspring and talk about their “houserules”for cellphone use.For instance, sct the hours allowed, so the kids won't be texting to their friends late into the night, remind them never to give away personal information online, and so on..But there are limits to what individual families can do, and this is where we also suggest that schools should educate their pupils on the dangers of cellphone use.One way to go about this, for instance, may be for each class to set its own rules on sending e-mail messages.16.The word ”ubiquitous“(para.l)is closest in meaning to ________.(A)updated(B)sophisticated(C)prevalent(D)obsolete 17.Many parents let their kids have cellphones because they ________.(A)want their kids to keep up with the IT World(B)can't think of anything better for their kids to have fun(C)don't want their kids to miss 'what other kids have(D)believe cellphones endble them to stay connected 18.Which of the following is NOT the potential risk kids may face when using cellphones?(A)Involvement in rape-related crime
(B)Exposure to violent and obscene images(C)Falling victim to brutal curses.(D)Being tracked down by unofficial school websites.19.The report issued by the government’s Meeting on Education Rebuilding______.(A)recommended minimizing the use of cellphones among kids(B)suggested setting “house rules” for cellphone use
(C)urged parents to remind their children about ce1lphone use(D)pressed schools to educate their pupils on the dangers of cellphone use 20.What is the main idea of the passage?(A)Parents neglect to protect their kids from cellphones.(B)Parenting with cellphones is a source of headache.(C)Cellphones should be banned from campus.(D)Kids need lessons on the uses of cellphones Question 21--25 Extract I
A stylish dining room with cream walls and curtains and black carpet as perfect foil to an eclectic array of furniture.Many of the pieces are classics of their particular era, and demonstrate how old and new designs can be happily mixed together Thc prototype chair in the foreground has yet to prove its staying power and was thought up by the flat's occupant.He is pictured in his living room which has the same decorative theme and is linked to the dining room by a high Medieval-styled archway where was once a redundant and uninspiring fireplace.Extract 2 Old bathrooms often contain a great deal of ugly pipework in need of disguising.This can either be done by boxing in the exposed pipes, or by fitting wood paneling over them.As wood paneling can be secured over almost anyting---including oid ceramic tiles and chipped walls---is an effective way of disguising pipework as well as being an attractive form of decoration.The paneling can be vertical, horizontal or diagonal.An alternative way to approach the problem of exposed pipes is to actually make them a feature of the room by picking the pipework out in bright strong colours.Extract 3 Cooking takes second place in this charming room which, with its deep armchairs, is more of a sitting room than a kitohen, and th6 ntw RaybUm stove as a good choice, as it blends in well with the old brick and beamed fireplace.There are no fitted units or built-in appliances, so all food preparation is done at the big farmbouse table in the foreground;and the china, pots and pans have been deliberately left on show to make an attractive display.What about the kitchen sink? It's hidden away behind an archway which leads into a small scullery.Here there's a second cooker and---in the best farmhouse tradition---a huge walk-in larder for all food storage.2l.Why is the colour of the carpet described in Extract l a particular advantage?(A)It livens up the colour in an otherwise dull room.(B)It provides a contrast to the furniture.(C)It blends in with the tones of the furniture.(D)It gives the room a classical style.22.What is the purpose of the archway described in Extract 1 ?(A)To hide an unattractive fireplace.(B)To give the room an exotic eastem style.(C)To join the dining room with the sitting room(D)To make room for the unusual seating arrangements.23.Extract 2 is probably taken from ________.(A)an architect's blueprint
(B)a plumber’s manual
(C)a home renovation magazine(D)an advertisement for new bathrooms 24.Extracts 2 and 3 deal with _________.(A)old and classic furniture(B)attractive colour schemes(C)cheap improvement schemes(D)home decoration 25.Compared with Extract l the room described in Extract 3 appears to _______.(A)be more comfortable(B)be more colourful(C)contain more furniture(D)posspss a greater variety of style Questions26--30,.Large parts of the world have not enjoyed the remarkale global progress in health conditions that have taken place over the past century.Indeed, millions of deaths in impoverished nations are avoidable with prevention and treatment
options that the rich world already uses.This year, l0 million children will die in low-and middle-income countries.If child death rates were the same as those in developed countries this figuer would be lower than 1 million.Conversely, if child death rates were those of rich countries just 100 years ago, the figure would be 30 million.Today's tools for improving health are so powerful and inexpensive that health conditions could be reasonably good even in poor countries if policy makers spent even relatively little in the right places.Recent research for the Copeghagen Consensus idenifies several highly cost-effective options that would tackle some of the planet's most urgent health problems.The most promising investment is in tuberculosis treatment.Some 90 percent of the l.6 million tuberculosis deaths in 2003 occurred in low-and middle-income countries.Because tuberculosis affects working-age people, it can be a trigger of household poverty.The comerstone of control is prompt treatment using first-line drugs, which doesn't require a sophisticated health system.Spending $l billion on tuberculosis treatment in a year would save l million lives.Because good health accompanies higher levels of national economic welfare in the long run, the economic benefits are worth $30 billion.The second most cost-effective investment is tackling hewt disease.Heart disease migh not seem like a pressing issue for poor nations, but it represents more than a quarter of their death toll.Measures to reduce risk factors other than smoking--high intake or saturated animal fat, obesity, binge drinking of alcohol, physical inactivity , and low fruit and vegetable consumption--have had little success.Treating acute heart attacks with inexpensive drugs is，however, cost-effective.Spending $200 million could avert several hundred thousand deaths, yielding benefits that are 25 times higher than costs.The third option is prevention and treatment of malaria.A billion dollars would expand the provision of insecticide-treated bed-nets and facilitate provision of highly effective treatment.This would save more than a million child deaths and produce economic benefits worth $20 billion.The fourth altermative for policymakers is to focus on child health initiatives.The best measures are familiar ones expanding immunization coverage, promoting breasfeeding, increasing the use of simple and cheap treatments for diarrhea and childhood pneumonia, and so on.Even if the costs of all these initiatives were two or three times higher than we estimate, these efforts would still provide amazing opportunities to reduce health inequality and do good in the world.26.Over the past century, the child death rates hatve _________.(A)climbed steadily in impoverished countries(B)dropped remarkably in developed countries(C)fluctuated wildly in low-incoine countries(D)remained stable in middle-income countries 27.The most effective investment is in the treatment for ________.(A)tuberculosis
(B)heart disease(C)malaria(D)diarrhea 28.All of the following could be the contributing factors to heart disease EXCETP________.(A)heavy smoking(B)binge drinking(C)saturated animal fat intake(D)vegetable consumption 29.According to the author, if $ l billion were invested in the prevention and treatment of heart discase, whih of the following economic benefits would be produced?(A)$20 billion.学口译，做金领！迎战9月口译考试 2009年春季“上海外语口译”笔试查分公告 中高级口译备考必看的历年真题免费下载
【权威发布】09秋季中高级口译考试真题、解析、答案 09春季高级口译二阶段口试模拟题
（一）考前必读：09春季中高级口译考试考生须知 我为口译狂，这个暑假不虚度！
(B)$25 billion.(C)$30 billion.(D)$35 billion.30.What would be the best title for this passage ?(A)Best Options for Tackling World’s Killer Diseases.(B)Cost-effective Investment in Impoverished Nations.(C)Health Inequality between Developed and Developing Countries.(D)Earth’s Killer Diseases: Tuberculosis, HeartAttak and Malaria...SECTION 3: TRANSLATION TEST(1)(30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corrsponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.In a normal recession, the to-do list is clear.Copies of Keynes are dusted off, the Fed lowers interest rates, the president and Congress cut taxes and hike spending.In time, purchasing, production and loans perk up, and Keynes is placed back on the shelf.No larger alterations to the economy are made, because our economy, but for the occasional bump in the road, is fundamentally sound.This has been the drill in every recession since World War II.Republicans and Democrats argue over whose taxes should be cut the most and which projects should be funded, but under public pressure to do something，they usually find some mutually acceptable midpoint and enact a stimulus package.Even in today's hyperpartisan Washington, the odds still favor such a deal.This time, though, don’t expect that to be the end of the story-----because the coming recession will not be normal, and our economy is not fundamentally sound.This time around, the nation will have to craft new versions of some of the reforms that Franklin Roosevelt created to steer the nation out of the Great Depression.SECTION 4: TRANSLATION TEST(2)(30 minutes)Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.钟表上的秒针一下一下地移动，每移动一下就是表示我们的寿命已经缩短了一部分。再看看墙上挂着的可以一张张撕下的日历，每天撕下一张就是表示我们的寿命又缩短了一天。因为时间即生命。
没有人不爱惜他的生命，但很少人珍视他的时间。如果想在有生之年做一点什么事，学一点什么学问，充实自己，帮助别人，使生命成为有意义，不虚此生，那么就不可浪费光阴。这个道理人人都懂，可是很少人能积极不懈地善为利用他的时间。
Spot dictation
You might think that hamburgers were invented in the United States, but that is not totally true.These round, flat cakes or patties actually came from Germany in the middle of the 19th century.They were brought to the United
States by German immigrants who came from the city of Hamburg.That is why their name was Hamburger Stake.However, people in other places claim that they invented the hamburger.Perhaps we'll never have a clear answer.But there is no question that the hamburger was a great hit.Why? Perhaps because at that time, industry was growing and a kind of fast, practical and cheap food was needed for workers.The hamburger became even more popular in the 1920s when the first chain of fast food restaurants was started.This chain was called ”White Castle“.It served tiny hamburgers that were sold for only 5 cents each.Then, in the 1930s there came the drive-in restaurant where customers were served in their cars by waiters in uniform.And the hamburger was one of the most popular menu items.By now, the hamburger was ready to conquer the world.And this happened with McDonald's, which was actually a hot dog stand at first.But by the early 1950s the hot dog was replaced by the hamburger.McDonald's and other fast food restaurants spring up around the world throughout the rest of the 20th century.McDonald's alone has sold 12 hamburgers for every person in the world.The importance of the hamburger to U.S.culture remains significant.About 60% of all sandwiches that are eaten are hamburgers.According to some sources, 7% of current workers in the Untied States had their first job at McDonald's.But the face of the hamburger is changing according to the times.Nowadays it is possible to buy a chicken burger, a turkey burger, a fish burger or a veggie burger.Statements
1.Mrs.Jones came to us at the airport.We thought she was the secretary but she turned out to be the president of the company.2.After Susan carefully explained her ideas at the board meeting last week, the directors all voted for the change she's made concerning the proposed project.3.Of the students participating in our university's research project, 73% classified themselves as freshmen and sophomores.4.Originally we had planned to buy a car by the end of last year, but then with the recent fluctuation of the crude oil prices we decided to postpone the purchase.5.Most people I know are interested in the proposed tax reform being debated in the congress because they hope it will lower taxes for them.6.If you're good at managing your own time and energy, it is very likely that you can do well both in your schoolwork and for your career 7.Mr.Paul White, thank you very much for your inquiry, but I feel the position more suits a female applicant.Anyway, I will keep your name on file.8.Is this your best quote? I thought prices will be coming down now given the current situation of financial and economic crisis.9.Last month our manager took a ten-day business trip to Chicago, but he had to stay there for 3 more days as the negotiation turned out to be a tougher one.10.When our children are made confident that they are positive and competent individuals, they will adapt themselves to the changing society and successfully accomplish personal goals.Talks and Conversations
Passage one(Q11-14)W：What are you laughing about? M: I just saw the silliest advertisement on TV for German soups.It's said our products are home-made with the freshest vegetables and fruits.Then a scene in the factory showed that products were prepared and packed by the most sophisticated machinery.W: And I am sure that the word NATURAL was put on the jars and cans of the products.I think the stupidest advertisements are those that imply that you are one of a kind.If you buy the product, you will be a very special person.Now you will be just like every other one of the 20 million people who bought it.M: That's really silly.But to me, the dumbest of them all is when advertisers put a celebrity on TV to talk about a particular brand of soap or about a particular car.I bet that the celebrity's never used the product before they got the job of appearing in the commercial.W: Yeah!But most of these commercials work and people remember the product.M: I agree, here we are talking about ads we've seen, aren't we? We are all influenced by those celebrities and brand names.W: I think teenagers are specially vulnerable.Advertisers try to get teenagers used to a brand because they know that in later years, the teenagers will stick to that particular product of theirs.Question 11: What in the advertisement has made the man laugh? Question 12: When some ads imply that you are one of a kind, what does that mean? Question 13: Why does the advertiser put a celebrity on TV to talk about a particular product? Question 14: According to the woman, what will teenagers do if they are used to a brand? Passage two(Q15-18)Many of you may have heard of ”jetlag", which is a condition of sleep disorders resulting from rapid travel over time zones such as on a jet plane.The symptoms of jetlag can be quite varied and may include: loss of appetite, nausea, headache, fatigue, insomnia or even mild depression.Here are few tips for you to avoid jetlag or cope if you are stricken by the condition.First adjust your biological rhythm several days before your departure.And develop a plan
to start switching to the time zone of your destination.For instance, if you will be flying from New York to Paris where it is 6 hours later, get up one hour earlier for a couple of days, then two hours earlier, then three hours earlier.I would try to at least get half way to a new time zone.Turn lights on during daytime in your destination and off during the night time.Second, during the time of your adjustment and especially during the flight, drink plenty of water.If you are not a big water fan, drink some other fluid that is not high in sugar, carbonation or caffeine.Avoid junk food, salty foods, caffeine and alcohol on the plane.Of course I say that, but I always have a couple of drinks during the flight, if you do that, just be sure to drink as much water between drinks as possible.Thirdly, when you arrive in your destination, try to resist the urge to nap during day time, get outside during the daylight hours, even if it's just to sit in a café and relax.Try to get a good night's sleep for the first couple nights.The key is to reset your body's natural clock and to get enough rest.Finally when you return home, use some of the same tactics above to return to your previous time zone.Q15.What's the speaker's definition of jetlag? Q16.What's the difference of the time zones between New York and Paris? Q17.What does the speaker recommend if you do not want to drink much water during the flight? Q18.According to the speaker, what should you try to do once you arrive at the destination? Passage 3(Q19-22)
F: Come in Mr.Edison, take a seat.M: Good morning doctor.F: Now let's get a few details.Shall we? First, your age, now you're 40? M: Er, 35 actually, doctor.F: Right, 35.And your weight? M: About, 105 kilos.F: That's rather a lot for your height, don't you think? M: Yes, Well, I don't get much exercise, doctor.F: And what kind of work do you do exactly? M: I work with computers.F: So you sit most of the day, is that right? M: All day.F: Right, so tell me, do you smoke? M: Well, I used to smoke 20-30 a day, but now it's about 10.F: Emm, Have you had any illness likely? M: Nothing serious, just usual coughs and colds.F: I see.Now, let's talk about your diet.What have you eaten this morning, for example? M: I've had two fried eggs, 5 bread, toast, butter and jam, and oh, 3 cups of tea.F: Well, Mr.Edison, that isn't the best diet now, is it? What else do you normally eat? M: Beef burgers a lot, Chips.F: Dear Oh dear.And what about exercise do you have Mr.Edison? Do you play any Sports? M: Er, can't say I do really.F: Well Mr.Edison this is all rather serious.I think we have to Change a few things in your life.Firstly I recommend that you stop smoking completely.Secondly, you need to get some exercise, walk, instead of drive Mr.Edison.Join a sports club.And lastly, we must make some changes to your diet.No more fried foods, no more chips, and beef burgers, good healthy vegetables, boiled potatoes, grilled meat and fish.Q19.What does the woman say about the man's health? Q20.How many cigarettes does the man smoke each day now? Q21.What does the woman think of the man's breakfast? Q22.Which of the following can not be concluded from the conversation?
Passage 4(Q23-26)May I have your attention, ladies and gentlemen? Since the International club meets only once every semester for this special event, the first thing on our agenda is to have the secretary read the minutes of the last meeting.So when I finish this opening speech, the secretary will read the minutes of our meeting for the last semester.And then we'll go through our annual treasurer's report and decide whether it can be accepted or not.At the top of our agenda, and I'm sure in everyone's mind, is the International Display Week.It has been proposed for discussion.I was chairman of the African club, and now as chairman of the International club, I know more than anyone else the importance of such a display week.Let me explain.There are ten foreign clubs here representing the foreign students on our campus.The purpose of these clubs is, first of all, to get the students from the same countries together, so we won't get too homesick, and so we can help each other over the rough spots.And secondly, so that the American students can join the club of their interest and learn about our culture as we learn theirs.Now, about the display.Some of you old hands will have to help me out, as there was so much going on I can't remember at all.Let me see.There are the Scottish folk dance and Irish one, too.We'll team up with the folk music club and recruit anyone who can sew to help make costumes.Of course, each group will set up a booth decorated with pictures and things of interest in their respective countries, and everyone will wear his national costume.Question 23: Who is the man?
Question 24: How often is the meeting held?
Question 25: What is at the top of the meeting's agenda?
Question 26: What is the purpose of organizing foreign clubs on campus?
Passage 5(Q27-30)F: Paul, nice to see you back from the university.How do you like your new university? I remember your mum had wanted you to go to London University so that you can live at home and walk or cycle to attend the lectures.M: Well, you know I didn't go to London University after all.My new university is on the suburbs of an ancient cathedral city and it is almost 8 miles from the city center.The university is planned on the so called American Campus System.That is to say, students live in halls of residence grouped around the main university buildings.F: You mean you live, eat and study within the university proper? M: Yes, I like it.Because we are a real community.We've got comfortable common rooms and bars.We arrange dances and parties.We've got clubs, theater groups, choirs and so on.And we've got an orchestra.I played the drums in it.By the way, how about your university days, Betty?
F: I rent a house with two other girls in the middle of the city about then minutes walk from the university.The house is falling to pieces.It is damp and there is no proper heating.M: That sounds awful.I couldn't work in a place like yours.The district is poor and could almost be classed as a slum.F: I don't think so.We live among real people who treat us as real people.We've got an electrician living next door, who is always coming in and mending our cooker and electric fires.We could try to get into one of the halls of the residents.But we prefer to be independent.It's nice to belong to the city and to do things outside the university.M: What sort of things do you do outside the university? M: Well, there is a group of us who go and help in a home for handicapped children.And I think in the city bar choir we get on well with the local people, not like you in that suburban district.W: Well, I like history.And my university is one of the best universities for that subject.Besides, it is an ancient city with a lot of historical relics and sightseeing spots.If you can drop by by any chance, I can show you around.F: You bet.27.Where do the man's family live? 28.What is typical of the American Campus System?
29.Why did the women choose to rent a house in the city center? 30.What does the man promise to do for the woman? Listening and Translation
Sentence Translation: 1.Please hold my telephone calls and just take a message.I can call back later.I must have a little peace and quiet to concentrate on these figures.2.This company has a registered capital of 15 million US Dollars and specializes in importing and exporting a great variety of digital products.3.Shared prices on the London market have fallen sharply today, following sharp losses on Wall Street.Shares of leading financial banks have been the worst hit.4.Good health is usually associated with exercise.But that is not the whole picture.In order to keep fit, you have to eat well, sleep well and generally feel good about yourself.5.Many young people dream of becoming top models.To become slim is what they usually desire.Therefore in order to keep their weight down, they simply avoid food.Passage Translation 1.American Businessmen frequently use social situations to make business deals.One of the best examples of this practice is the business lunch.It is used
to win clients to make influential contacts to discuss and settle internal disagreements and even to interview potential employees.Some companies always conduct job interviews over lunch.A business lunch usually lasts from one to two and half hours and it often takes place at a restaurant with a pleasant, quiet atmosphere conducive to private discussions.2.As the world population becomes denser, we will feel greater pressure from the expanding number of people.Some experts argue that we are approaching the limit of the number of people the earth can support adequately and they feel we should turn to compulsory birth control.Other authorities feel that if birth control is imposed on the population, the future of mankind will be seriously endangered.They think intelligent people will be more likely to have fewer children, which would bring about a lowering of the level of intelligence.Spot Dictation
1.round, flat cakes 2.German immigrants 3.their name 4.claim 5.clear answer 6.great hit 7.fast, practical and cheap 8.in the 1920s 9.5 cents each 10.drive-in restaurant
11.popular menu items 12.conquer 13.hot dog stand 14.spring up 15.sold 12 hamburgers 16.US culture 17.60% 18.7% 19.according to the times 20.a fish burger Statements
1-5 ACBDB 6-10 ACDDB Talks and Conversations
11-14 BADC 15-18 DACC 19-22 ABDB 23-26 BCDA 27-30 BACD Sentence Translation
1.请不要挂断，先留个言，我一会儿会打回过去。现在我必须静静地先集中精力看一下这些数字。
2.这家公司有1500万美元的注册资金，主营各类数码产品的进出口。
3.今天伦敦市场股价骤跌，随之华尔街也遭受了巨大损失，金融银行的股价遭受重创。
4.健康的身体和锻炼是紧密相连的，但这并不是全部。保持身体健康还需要吃好、睡好和良好的自我感觉。
5.很多年轻人梦想成为名模，苗条是她们非常渴望的。为了减肥，她们不吃东西。
Passage Translation
1.美国商人经常利用社交场合来做生意，最好的例子就是商务午餐，可以用来争取客户、扩大影响、讨论并解决内部分歧，甚至面试未来的员工。很多面试工作都是在商务午餐中完成的。商务午餐通常持续一到两个半小时，在餐厅中举行，那里安静宜人，适合进行私人谈话。
2.世界人口密度不断加大，越来越多的人带来的压力也不断增加。专家认为，我们正在接近地球所能有效供养的人口的极限，因此应该进行人口计划控制。也有人认为这样会危及到人类的未来，通常高智商人群生育的孩子比较少。因此，有人担忧，这会引起人类整体智力水平的下降。
Section 2
1-5 ABCCC 学口译，做金领！迎战9月口译考试 2009年春季“上海外语口译”笔试查分公告 中高级口译备考必看的历年真题免费下载
【权威发布】09秋季中高级口译考试真题、解析、答案 09春季高级口译二阶段口试模拟题
（一）考前必读：09春季中高级口译考试考生须知 我为口译狂，这个暑假不虚度！
6-10 BCBCD 11-15 ABADC 16-20 CDDAD 21-25 CCBDC 26-30 BADBA Section 3
平常的经济萧条一旦来临，大家都明确应该马上着手做哪些事情：重新翻开尘封已久的凯恩斯的著作，联邦政府调低利息率，总统和国会开始减税，增加财政支出。用不了多久，市场上购销两旺，生产线生机勃勃，贷款扶摇而上，于是乎，凯恩斯的书又回了书架。不需要对经济体制做重大的改革，要知道我们的经济固然偶尔会有一点磕磕碰碰，从根本上说还是健康的。第二次世界大战以后，每次萧条一来，我们都这样如法炮制。
关于哪个阶层应该减税最多，哪些计划可以得到政府资金援助，共和党人和民主党人一直都争论不休。不过，公众舆论自然会要求他们有所作为，因此他们也往往能找到双方都可接受的中间路线，共同推动一个经济刺激的一揽子计划。就算在今天的华盛顿，两党意见空前分歧，我们依然相信，两党都能接受的计划最终一定会出台。然而这次，我们不能指望事情就能就此了结--因为这一次到来的萧条非比寻常，我们的经济从根本上说也已经不健康。这一
次，这个国家需要一些富兰克林·罗斯福的改革手段，并将他们进行更新。在当年的大萧条中，这些改革扭转了乾坤。
Section 4
Our life is shortened by every tick of the second hand of the clock.Each page peeled away from the wall calendar marks a bygone day.Time is life, while life is cherished by everybody, but time, by few.How can we achieve something in our brief life? To learn some knowledge!To replenish ourselves!To help those in need!To add significance to our life!Time should not be squandered if we want to make our life meaningful(to get a lot out of our life).This principle is accepted by all, but wisely observed by very few.
第四篇：英语口译实务二级
Thank you, Lord Hurd , for those kind words.It is an honor and pleasure to be here.When l left Brussels yesterday, it was 12 degrees Celsius and hailing.赫德勋爵，感谢您的美言。
Here, it was 25 degrees and sunny.我很荣幸也很高兴来到这里。昨天我离开布鲁塞尔时，那里还下着冰雹，气温只有12撮氏度，而这里则阳光明媚，气温高迭25撮氏度。
Speaking of climate change, I don't understand why you British are always complaining about the weather.说到这样的气候差异，我不明白为什么你们英国人还总是抱怨天气不好。
I confess I am a little intimidated, Lord Hurd, at being moderated by a veteran statesman of your distinction.赫德勋爵，说实话，您这样一位声名显赫的资深政治家为我做引见令我有些诚惶诚恐。
When I first accepted the gracious invitation to address this Institute, I was especially excited about the prospect of speaking under the Chatham House Rule.最初接受来贵所演讲的盛情邀请时，一想到将有机会按照英国皇家国际事务研究院规则 演讲，我就特剐兴奋。
I understand the rule means the audience is free to use the information received at the meeting, but may not reveal the identity of the speaker, nor his affiliation.我知道，按照这一规则，听众可以自由引用会上所获信息，但不得披露演讲者身份及其所属组织。I thought to myself, now there's a rule we should apply from time to time at the United Nations.我心想，我们在联合国也应当不时采用这一规则。
I could get my message across, but keep a low profile at the same time.这样我既可以表达想法，还能同时保持低调。
And conversely* those interested in grand-standing would have one less opportunity to do so.而反过来，那些喜欢抛头露面的人则少了一个炫耀的机会。But it was not to be.可这次演讲将不启用这一规则。
Having understood that this event is on the record, I will have to wait for another occasion to experience the Chatham House Rule at first hand.我知道这次活动会记录在案，我只好另找机会亲身感受这一规则了。
Mr.Niblett, Director of Chatham House, 英国皇家国际事务研究所所长宁布莱特先生，Excellencies, 阁下们
Ladies and gentlemen , 女士们，先生们：
It is truly a privilege to join such a distinguished group of experts and scholars, diplomats and opinion-makers, politicians and not least, representatives of civil societywho by then had become the UK Ambassador to the UNand the world as a whole-has come to appear much complicated.自那时起，联合国乃至整个世界似乎变得更加复杂。So have the challenges confronting our Organization.联合国所面临的挑战也是如此。
The perception of us is no longer so black and white, and tends now to be drawn in various shades of gray.如今，人们对我们的看法不再是非黑即白，而是倾向于不同程度的灰色。But if you are an optimist, as I am, you will paint the UN in brighter colors.但是，如果你们和我一样，是乐观主义者，那么你们会用更明快的色彩来勾画联合国。
You will know that our world of complex and global challenges is exactly the environment in which our United Nations should thrive-because these are challenges that no country can resolve on its own.你们会知道，我们的世界充满了复杂的全球性挑战，而这正是联合国应该蓬勃发展的大好环境，因为任何一个国家都无法单独应对这些挑战。
It is a world in which the UN can, and must, grow and take on new roles, develop and deliver on new fronts.正是在这样的世界中，联合国能够并且必须成长壮大，承担新的任务，开辟新的战线并在那里有所作为。
Thank you very much.多谢各位.
第五篇：英语口译(二级)讲义
英语口译（二级）精讲班第1讲讲义
001 二级口译实务考试介绍
Lecture 1
1、二级口译实务考试介绍
英语口译二级考试分《口译综合能力》 和《口译实务》测试两部分，旨在检测应试者的口译实践能力是否达到专业译员水平。合格的应试者应能熟练运用口译技巧，完整准确地译出原话内容，无错译漏译。
英语口译实务（二级）考试含“英汉交替传译”和“汉英交替传译”。题量各占50%，含总量约1000单词的英语讲话两篇和总量约1000汉字的汉语讲话两篇，时间约60分钟。考试内容涉及政治、经济、文化、外交、旅游、信息科技、经融贸易、环境保护、卫生健康等，跟翻译专业所要求掌握的知识和技能相一致，要求应试者知识结构分布合理，专业技能达到一定的水平。
英语口译实务考试一律采取现场录音的方式，考试结果记录在磁带上。考试的评分标准非常细化，一个考生的磁带要有两个以上的人去听，并且听出来的结果基本一致，最后再由专家组根据考生录音核定成绩。
应该说英语口译实务（二级）考试具有一定的挑战性，要求应试者过语言关、知识关和技术关，同时还要有稳定的心理因素。按照翻译专业人员的四个等级来划分，即：助理翻译、翻译、副译审和译审，二级就是翻译级，也就是我们所说的中级职称。因此，二级口译试题的定位基本上是针对大学外语专业比较优秀的毕业生，经过几年的翻译实践应能达到的水平。二级口译考试模块的设计也是基于这一理念，即要求应试者具备比较全面的知识结构和良好的双语互译能力。具体说来，应试者应具备良好的语言知识（Linguistic Knowledge）、语言外的知识（Extra-Linguistic Knowledge）以及分析能力（Analysis）。同时应试者还应具备敏锐的听力、良好的短时记忆、行之有效的笔记、以及准确灵活的双语表达等口译所必须的基本能力。
2、口译学习讲解
技巧和语言基本功相结合。课程讲解同时关注这两点。
3、口译技巧介绍
口译技巧(Interpretation Techniques)根据口译步骤（信息接收—信息储存—信息处理—信息输出）为基础，总结出以下技巧：(1)听辨；
(2)思维理解1—逻辑分析；
(3)思维理解2—信息视觉；
(4)思维理解3 —将认知信息纳入理解轨道
(5)记忆机制1—瞬时记忆、短时记忆、长时记忆；
(6)记忆机制2－记忆训练方法；
(7)笔记方法1—记什么?(8)笔记方法2—怎么记?
(9)数字口译1—单纯数字口译
(10)数字口译2—数字与信息相结合(11)习语的口译；
(12)模糊信息处理技巧；
(13)口译中的文化差异；
(14)口译中的句法转换；
(15)语境因素处理技巧；
(16)临场应变技巧。
我们将把这些技巧穿插在我们的讲解之中，辅以必要练习。
4、口译课程结构介绍
每次课内容安排：50分钟
技巧讲解和练习20' 语言练习10' 篇章练习20' 002 听辨技巧
一、听辨技巧
“听辨”，顾名思义，不仅要“听”还要“辨”，即思考、分析。“听辨”是口译过程中的第一个阶段。在这个过程中我们接收到源语信息，并通过种种分析手段把接收到的信息纳入到我们的理解范畴，以便储存和输出。毫无疑问，口译的成败在很大程度上取决于听辨的过程。所以大家首先要对口译的听辨过程有一个透彻的认识，以便有针对性地进行练习，以提高自己的听辨能力。
口译中的听辨过程和大家平时在英语学习中所接受的听力训练是不同的，但二者又有一定的联系。
首先，具备良好的听力水平是培养好的听辨能力的基础。换句话说，如果一个人的外语听力有问题，那么无论他的语言表达能力有多强，他都很难胜任口译工作。然而光有好的听力还不够，因为听辨过程还涉及到其他方面的能力。这一点可以从听力训练与听辨过程的区别中看出来。
1．英语的听力训练中比较注重语言层面，也就是说他们会十分注意语音、语调和语言的表达及用法等。而译员在听辨过程中所注重的是意思，或是讲话者的意图而不是具体的词句表达。所以译员在听到一段话之后在头脑中形成的是一个有逻辑关系的语意整体，而不仅仅是词句的简单集合。
2．听力练习中主要启动听觉系统，理解只是一个被动而附带的过程。而译员在听辨过程中不仅要启动听觉系统，还要启动大脑中的分析理解机制和记忆机制。也就是说译员要边听、边分析、边理解、边记忆。所以，与一般的外语学习相比较而言，专业译员要具有更强的分析能力，要会“一心多用”。
3．在听的过程中，信息接收是被动和跟随性的，对信息的反映略显滞后。而译员的听辨过程是积极而主动的。在听的过程中伴有很大程度的预测和判断行为。常常需要调动非语言因素对所听内容进行分析、整理、补充和联想等。
4．用作听力训练的材料，信息比较清晰，杂音干扰较少。而译员在口译工作中所处的信息环境是现场性的，因此不确定性因素较多；信息干扰、信息缺失时有发生。而且，讲话者以交流为唯一目的，在信息发布过程中并不照顾或考虑译员的状态。
综上所述，口译的听辨过程较一般外语听力训练过程要复杂得多，对能力的要求也要高得多。大家需要建立这样一个意识，即口译的过程不是一个信息背诵加字词翻译的过程。而是一个通过听辨将信息接收、理解，再用译入语将理解了的信息加以表达的过程。以下提供一些训练方法供大家参考，以英语听辨能力的训练为主。
1．可以选择一些英文有声资料（最好是现场讲话）或是请练习搭档模拟现场发言。听过一段话后，在不记笔记的情况下用源语（英文）进行复述。注意在听的过程中要把注意力从词句表达上移开，而专注于整段话的逻辑意思。在复述时不要拘泥于原文的词句，更不要试图背原话。意思和逻辑关系要尽量复述的准确完整。
2．在听辨训练的初级阶段，如果还不能完全掌握边听、边分析、边记忆的技能，可采取就所听内容进行提问的方式建立逻辑关系。比如可以将注意力放在WHAT、WHO、WHEN AND WHERE、HOW AND WHY 等几个要素上。通过这种方式增强逻辑分析意识，努力跟上讲话人的思路，从而对所听语篇有一个正确的理解。
3．每段讲话的长度可随熟练程度的加强而逐步增加：比如从听几句话到听一小段，从一小段到一大段到数段等。并且可以尝试听各种不同风格的讲话。选题也可以从比较熟悉的领域逐步扩展到比较陌生的领域，以培养临场适应能力和分析综合的能力。
练习1：
要求，认真听原文，不要记笔记，根据WHAT、WHO、WHEN AND WHERE、HOW AND WHY 几大要素总结段落大意。
Tea drinking was common in China for nearly one thousand years before anyone in Europe had ever heard about tea.People in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, mainly because tea was very expensive.It could not be bought in shops and even those people who could afford to have it sent from Holland did so only because it was a fashionable curiosity.Some of them were not sure how to use it.They thought it was a vegetable and tried cooking the leaves.Then they served them mixed with butter and salt.They soon discovered their mistake but many people used to spread the used tea leaves on bread and give them to their children as sandwiches.What's the general idea of this short passage? Compared with the Chinese, People in Europe, particularly in Britain were much slower in finding out what tea was like, and how to use it.They cooked tea leaves as vegetable and served them with butter and salt and even made them part of Children's sandwiches.练习2 Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century.During the next few years so much tea came into the country that the price fell and many people could afford to buy it.At the same time people on the Continent were becoming more and more fond of tea.Until then tea had been drunk without milk in it, but one day a famous French lady named Madame de Sevigne decided to see what tea tasted like when milk was added.She found it so pleasant that she would never again drink it without milk.Because she was such a great lady her friends thought they must copy everything she did, so they also drank their tea with milk in it.Slowly this habit spread until it reached England and today only very few Britons drink tea without milk.General idea：
Tea remained scarce and very expensive in England until the ships of the East India Company began to bring it direct from China early in the seventeenth century.?? On the continent, people used to drink tea without milk until a French lady invented the habit of drinking tea with milk.003 词汇积累
二、主题练习——会议致辞词汇
词汇积累
（致）欢迎/开幕/闭幕词(deliver/make)a welcome/opening/closing speech/address/lecture 开/闭/揭幕式 opening/closing/unveiling ceremony
举行烈士纪念碑的揭幕典礼 unveil a monument to the martyrs 为展览会揭幕 inaugurate an exhibition 奠基典礼 foundation laying ceremony 开学典礼 school’s opening ceremony
毕业典礼 graduation ceremony /commencement 开国大典 founding ceremony of a state 婚礼 wedding ceremony 庆典 celebration 答谢宴会 return banquet 晚宴 evening reception/dinner 招待会/宴会 reception 冷餐招待会 buffet reception 联欢/新年/篝火晚会 get-together/spring festival/campfire party 酒会 cocktail party 宣布…开幕 declare…open;declare the commencement of … 宣布…闭幕 declare the closing/conclusion of … 陛下 Your/His/Her Majesty 殿下 Your/His/Her(Royal/Imperial/Serene)Highness 阁下 Your/His/Her Honor/Excellency 贵宾们 distinguished guests 尊敬的主席先生respectable/honorable/respected Mr.President 至此… 之际 on the occasion of 代表… on behalf of …
我愿借此机会… I would like to take this opportunity to …/ I would like to avail myself of this great opportunity to …
我代表中国政府向各位来宾表示热烈欢迎，对会议的召开表示衷心祝贺!On behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to extend our sincere welcome to all the guests here and to express our warm congratulations on the convening of this session.最后，祝各位在北京生活愉快，并祝会议圆满成功!
Finally, I wish a full success of the conference and wish you all a pleasant stay here in Beijing.
点击咨询 