第一篇:2013黑龙江大学第五届模拟联合国大会会议资料
1.A strong, efficient operational heart, a decision making body, should be built which would take actions such as disaster assessment and dispatching experts, provide financial help to the suffering area as the natural hazards come.Meanwhile, it should also be the information center for states to share information and take joint efforts to deal with the natural disaster;1.An alerting system platform is required for risk assessment and advisory.It can also serves as a platform for communication when emergency comes.The platform should also be responsible for testing and rehearsing Contingency planning, decision-making procedures, provision of information to the public and media.2.A training program should be set up to promote the resilience of the civilians, making them tougher in face of disasters.This training program focus on general training(training for civilians)and volunteer training.The volunteers should be dispatched to the areas hitting by disasters;3.A certain fund should be raised by states to provide financial help under the resolution of the operational heart.This fund also need help and support from the NGOs, under the joint supervision of the operational heart and the NGOs, the European Union believes that the money would be used properly and efficiently.4.An insurance institution should be established to provide the financial help after the disaster.Policies and legal systems should be built to ensure that civilians could get this insurance before the disaster.The European Union calls for other countries and NGOs like the World Bank to take efforts in maintaining the execution of this plan.2.Immediate impact phase
A.The priority of this phase: 1.Calling for governments to reinforce the establishment of emergency rescuing team;2.Strengthening the government's capacity of quickly organizing critical services such as providing food, water, sanitation, basic health care, protection from violence;3.The media spreads news letting people of other regions know the situation in affected areas thus facilitate immediate assistance.B.Most vulnerable Population Protection
1.Aids should be divided according to the gender and it should go to the most vulnerable arrears, countries or region.Women, children and elder should have priority;2.Civilian and Military Cooperation;a.Scope :very specific circumstances in complex emergencies;b.Countries all around include humanitarian community;c.Capabilities include communications services, sea and airport repairs and operation, fuel management, road and bridge repairs;d.Military is required to provide safe and secure environments to allow humanitarian actors access to deliver humanitarian aid;e.Civil-Military Coordination Section(CMCS)is the custodian of the UN guidelines and documents on civil-military coordination.3.Programs like Seasonal social safety net can be used in order to protect the most vulnerable households.It includes cash transfers, either unconditionally, or in exchange for work or training, when their reserves of money and food are lowest.Civilians can buy food for themselves, boost their local economies.C.International Cooperation 1.The regional mechanism,may appointment or cooperation with international teams.The teams shall be composed of experts and a team leader provided by the member states.The selection shall also be based on serious criteria so as to ensure that the team as a whole has available the skills needed for the specific situation;2.Military assets and capabilities available should be consisted with the principles of relevant United Nations Guidelines.3.Post disaster phase Planning The participation and active involvement of regional institution,and affected individuals in the planning of recovery efforts is essential;1).The planning should base on a sound ,participatory assessment fo the needs and capacities of the affected population, so that local initiatives ,resources and capacities are fully understood and used;2)This process should be signed to reach the most vulnerable population;3)External technical assistance must complement existing capacities,be conceived as supportive and not directive ,and entail a transfer of technology,know-how and capacities fo increased resilience,risk management and sustainable development.Coordination 1).Coordination and information-sharing between national and international actors involved in recovery activities are essential to avoid duplications and gaps and to optimize available resources;2).More structured and systematic support by the regional community so that national and local authorities are in a position to lead the recovery processes in a way that maximizes all available support.Secondary disaster 1).The most effective way to prevent secondary disaster is giving full to the linkage effect of the existing resources.Through establishing and perfecting the monitoring system,planning the massed route of escape and shelter to reduce the losses in secondary disaster;2).Strengthen the implementation of social safety-net mechanisms to assist the poor,the elderly and the disabled,and other populations affected by disasters.Enhance recovery schemes including psycho-social training programs in order to mitigate the psychological damage of vulnerable populations ,particularly children, in the aftermath of disasters.A.Private Partnership
We recommend:
1.Encouraging private sector to help people in disaster prone get salary for life and ger disaster-affected countries back to the healthy economics to perfect their basic instrument for the readiness of next disaster.2.Enhancing the community function fo the psychology recovery to help people out of the dark of disaster.B.Insurance recovery resources The sticking point of implementation and solution to almost every issue lies in money and financial and technology assistance should be explicitly listed.According to research ,there are already several agencies and organizations whose work is related to these aspects and capable of resolving this problem thus it is not necessary to establish other new agencies for saving money and effort.C.Secondary disaster 1.The most effective way to prevent secondary disaster is giving full play to the linkage effect of existing resources.Through establishing and perfecting the monitoring system, planning the masses route of escape and shelter to reduce the losses in secondary disaster.2.Strengthen the implementation of social safety-net mechanisms to assist the poor, the elderly and the disabled,and other populations affected by disasters.Enhance recovery schemes including psycho-social training programs in order to mitigate the psychological damage of vulnerable populations, particularly children, in the aftermath of disasters.Working Paper 1.9 Committee: United Nation General Assembly-Third Committee Topic: International Cooperation and Aid on Disaster Readiness Submitted by: Italy, Czech Republic, Austria,Greece, Poland, Slovakia, Romania, Comoros, Azerbaijan.In order to give a better salvation toward the issue, we firmly insist the following suggestions.1.An Insurance System ought to be established.Regional or national insurance is encouraged to be founded according to the features and situations of the region.Compulsory insurance towards the local people esp.In the regions where there are more threats by disasters is advised to be provided.National budget, global institutions(WB), NGOs, also enterprises(local and also multinational companies)are considered to provide the financial supports towards the insurance.2.Founding temporary disaster fund
UN suggests countries, large enterprises and international institutions(International Monetary Fund and the World Bank should establish a temporary fund aiming at reducing the effects of the climate and disaster.)
This specific disaster fund should take the responsibility to spread the information of the local people’s need and the way to the donate money by media.3.More attention towards Education
The 42nd general assembly of the United Nation passed the resolution that carrying out an event, International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, among the world, which aimed to help countries to overcome the catastrophe and rebuilt the disaster areas.We suggest that each country to promote the international Day for Disaster Reduction which plays the role of an appeal for action of decreasing the risk of unaware nature disaster and attention of disaster forecast and precaution.4.Information share
Government should cooperate with NGOs which play the role of bond between countries providing assistance and the regions suffering from disaster.1).NGOs should get the details of the disaster in those regions in time and communicate with the local government to get a better understanding of the local people’s needs;
2).NGOs should give a feedback of the information to international organizations and other countries’governments to guarantee the efficiency of information;
Governments of different countries which provide the aids should share the information;
Governments, together with NGOs should provide the public with information of secondary disasters in order to avoid the unnecessary losses;5.Rescue
Transiting the people in the disaster areas to emergency shelter, such as public squares, sport gyms and so on;
Simplifying the procedure of delivering relief materials between countries to guarantee efficiency;
Local rescue teams should cooperate with international rescue teams providing expertise.6.Fund
Media reveals ways to raise fund and supplies from the public people all around the world;
Governments, private sectors, and international organizations should keep their promise of donation to the disaster suffering areas;
Appealing for developed countries for obligating certain amount of fund for humanitarian aids.Working paper 1.7 Committee: General Assembly Third Committee Topic: International Cooperation and aid on disaster Readiness Submitted by: France, Portugal, Spain, Ireland
In order to achieve the target of higher resilience and less vulnerability and give guidance on forming a post-2005 framework, we calls on multi-stakeholders to be involved:
The international priority: Focus on the trans-boundary impacts of disasters, measuring success and leaning the lessons of implementation, especially at national level;
Take advantage of the links between climate change adaptation, sustainable development and disaster risk reduction to demonstrate progress and relevance to other processes;
Abstain from building new systems to implement the post-2015 DRR framework, but instead valorize and use existing systems and networks;
Bottom-up engagement is crucial: national international legal frameworks and policies are not enough to drive effective assessment and implementation of DRR.Rather , bottom-up engagement and education is needed.Therefore, the post-HFA framework should engage local governments from the beginning.Consider a 20 year timeframe for the framework;
The language of the new framework must be formulated with local leaders in mind;help local leaders understand the importance of disaster risk reduction and how to implement successful strategies, build their capacities and leverage their existing resources in the most effective way;
Accelerate the identification of disaster and climate risks including emerging risks, retain people-focused end-to-end early warning systems as a priority;
Pay more attention to small scale disasters which have devastating impacts on communities, especially poor households and other vulnerable groups;
Focus on developing frameworks for measuring and monitoring resilience to aid urban planning and development towards safer cities;
Strengthen the governance of disaster risk reduction with an institutional focus;
Apply evidence from the science and technology community, to ensure policy-making is sound;
Enhance principles for trans-boundary collaboration for reducing risk and vulnerabilities;
Better measurement of the success and progress in disaster risk reduction, using well-defined targets and indicators;
Involvement of multi-stakeholders:
Mayors and local governments are encouraged to organize multi-stakeholder consultations in their localities/cities and share results with national government(through HFA focal points)and UNISDR;
Ensure the participation of academia and other non-conventional actors in DRR(media, private sector, faith-based groups)is important to link with scientific evidence and bring different perspectives to the discussion.Reports of consultation outcomes can be sent to UNISDR regional focal points;
City and Municipality Leagues, Associations and other networks are invited to conduct consultation in their own domain and send their recommendation to UNISDR for publishing on the website and to be included in the process;National government
are
encouraged
to
organize
national multi-stakeholder consultations to consolidate county inputs for the post 2015 framework.It is highly recommended that local governments and cities including community representatives are invited to these;
Through national cross-sectoral and multi-stakeholder consultation, including local actors.Member states take stock of the lessons from managing disasters and securing development planing an investments and share those lessons at fourth session of the Global Platform for Disasters Risk Reduction in 2013;
Reinforce that a multi-stakeholder approach is required to reduce the risks of disasters.We need to recognize and work with the drivers and actors that produce change.This will require more local engagement and consultation with partners and stakeholders;Academic and science networks are well poised to help steer an guide an ongoing dialogue on linking risk assessment, diaster risk reduction methodologies, and new technological development;
National government:
National government are invited to utilize the National Platform for DRR, sub-national platform or other coordination mechanisms to seek inputs form stakeholder groups and local governments;
When participation of local governments and cities is not possible, national governments are encouraged to invite them to provide inputs by responding to suggested questions.Sub-national Disasters Management coordination bodies(such an provincial, district an commune disaster risk management committees)can facilitate discussions, using the questions an send inputs to the HFA focal points;
Provide technical and advisory support if asked by the local governments towards the consultation;
Engage finance and economic development ministries and emphasizing accountability;Invite national governments to initiate dialogues with local governments in view of the post 2015 DRR Framework an to take into account that DRR in decentralization processes as a public service;Encourage national government in addressing questions such as how to carry disaster risk assessment at national and local levels, how to help create a deeper awareness in finance an planning ministries of need to invest in disaster risk reduction, how to apply risk assessment for development planning;
Local government:
local governments, mayors and the urban community will be directly targeted through the “Making Cities Resilient” campaign list serve and events;
Participate in the on-line discussion and debates hosted by UNISDR wherever possible.Local government and urban community representatives are encouraged to participate in the on-line discussions, hosted by UNISDE wherever possible.Posting the main issues, coming out from local consultations will also help generate further debates on critical gaps and challenge;The Local Government Self Assessment(LGSAT)will be used to draw a baseline and identify the gaps and challenges, which will help to prompt a forward looking approach and identify future priorities.The LGSAT reports posted in the on-line tool will be analyzed for provoking further discussions, providing inputs to the draft framework;
Promote inclusion of Local Government representatives in all Post-2015 Framework consultations, regionally and nationally wherever feasible.Inviting local government to Regional Platform an their Post-2015 DRR consultation sessions;
Ensure that the outcomes from local government consultations are presented in the national, regional and global consultation;
Promote in local government and discussion on post 2015 DRR framework in the upcoming and planned events;Provide guidance and advisory support assistance and guidance.Local governments may contact the below mentioned focal points from partner organization if they are planning for or conducting consultations or would like to share outcomes;
Decentralization of the roles and responsibilities of disaster risk reduction should be accompanied with budgets so that local authorities have sufficient control over the necessary with budgets so that local authorities have sufficient control over the necessary resources;
At the local level, a framework to reflect inputs from people on the ground working in disaster risk reduction and resilience could provide evidence that solutions are developed an implemented locally, with special attention to make disaster risk reduction gender-sensitive;
Member States:
Through the above-mentioned consultations, prepare to share the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction in 2013 their progress on the implementation of the commitments undertaken at the sessions of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction held in 2007, 2009and 2011, as outlined in the Respective Chair’s summaries;
Engage in the consultation process for the development of a post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction, to be facilitated by the Strategy secretariat in accordance with General Assembly resolution 66/199;
Further develop national disaster loss databases, disaster risk mapping and financial tracking systems in order to support decision-making across all levels of Government, and that they make full use of HFA Monitor in order to support the assessment of progress made in disaster risk reduction;
Ensure that future framework and deliberations concerning sustainable development, including those at regional level, be based on practical and sound disaster risk reduction considerations, dram, inter alia, from the proposed national stocktaking exercise;
Ensure resources to and support for the further strengthening of the Strategy secretariat so that the latter can meet the challenges of the coming work on sustainable development and the development of the post-2015 disaster risk reduction framework.
第二篇:石河子大学第五届模拟联合国大会闭幕词
各位老师,各位同学,大家好!
真的很高兴、也很荣幸能够与在座的各位共同参加石河子大学第五届模拟联合国大会,一同庆祝石河子大学五周岁的生日,共同见证模联的成长。在模联五年的发展历程中,我经历了两年,占了五分之二,与四年的大学生活相比,模联占了我的二分之一,而从我大一进入模联到现在为止,模联则贯穿了我全部的大学生活!
去年,我是作为一个代表参与的此次大会。那时的我还太稚嫩,还不懂作为一名外交官如何才能为自己的国家维护主权,争取利益,树立形象,但经历了那次大会后,我学会了太多太多,不仅仅是一些参会技巧,更多的则是思想观念上的转变。有人说,人会经历三次成长,第一次是发现有些事情是自己很难做到,第二次是发现尽管自己竭尽全力,有些事情可能依然做不到,第三次则是明明知道有些事情做不到,却依然后竭尽全力去做。我想,模联人就是处在第三成长阶段的人,他们明知道自己的决议草案几乎不可能被实施,但他们依然努力着,要让世界听到自己的声音。我想,这才是真正的中华民族的未来与希望,他们关注的不仅仅是工作、薪水、房子、宝马奔驰这一类的物质享受,更多的则是国际问题与争端,并用自己的力量推动社会的发展。
今年,作为一个组织者,与各位筹委会小伙伴们共同筹办本届大会,我更加深刻地体会到了模联人的精神--奉献与坚持。回想起筹备本次大会的点点滴滴,涌现在我脑海里最多的一个词就是”感动”。
在整个筹会的过程中,我们真的经历了太多的困难与坎坷。印象最深刻的一次就是开幕式的头一天下午,灵灵姐给我打电话,声音哽咽着说,“娟,我们的开幕式北区大会堂用不了了。”说完就再也抑制不住,哇的一下就哭开了。瞬间,我这边眼泪就开始往下掉,我平复了一下心情和她说,没关系嘛,那我们就去会二开呗,去年在绿三都开了,今年还怕什么啊?!表面上虽然这样说,可是我心里却清楚得很,那时候,我们就没有申请在这个教室办开幕式,也就是说,我们连这个教室都不确定能用得上。电话那头,就听灵灵姐一直在强调,你说,收好的北区大会堂,我怎么和大家交代啊,说了好久,灵灵姐的声音才渐渐镇定下来。
一直到开幕式那天上午11点多,我们开幕式的场地才确定下来。我们才能开始打印大会手册,布置场地。可是,大会手册电子版拿到打印店去,在那儿的电脑上竟然乱码了,没办法,我们只能重新排版。就你们手上拿的那本大会,虽然有一些瑕疵,却是我们的另一位副秘书长赵沛尧在打印店呆了将近一天,才做出来的。
就当我们在打印店忙得焦头烂额的时候,灵灵姐的钥匙链找不到了,她一想自己衣服也没换,头发也没洗,下午还要致开幕词就差点急哭了。也许你们不知道,最近这段日子,为了忙我们的大会,她每天都得很晚才能回家,两三点才能睡觉,第二天还要上课,基本上四五天才不得不挤出点时间洗一次头发。幸亏,后来钥匙找到了。
还有我们的志愿者,他们的付出与奉献,依然让人感动。大会宣传时,他们牺牲自己的午休时间,顶着烈日在校园里的各个校区来回奔跑,张贴海报。开大会这三天,他们就一直没有停下来过。所以的会场,大会和晚会,都是他们布置的,还有你们的tea break也是他们准备的。每场会结束时,代表们都回去吃饭了,他们却还在收拾会场。提到志愿者团队,就不得不提他们的部长,王雪同学。开大会这两天,她除了要管理志愿者,还要参加考试。昨天晚上的social结束后,所有的筹委会人员都上去合影、吃蛋糕了,她却在下面带领志愿者打扫会场。我如果没猜错的话,她应该练一口蛋糕都没吃上吧。
还有我们的MPC成员,他们既要兼顾自己的工作,还要排练social的舞蹈。为了练好这个舞蹈,他们从基本功练起,扎马步,一蹲就是半个小时,有些动作还要趴在地上练。这对许多没有舞蹈功底的MPC成员来说,是非常不容易的。大会这两天,为了能够多出几分高水平的报纸,他们中午都没有回去,晚上跳完舞回去还要写稿。作为原新闻部的部长,我只想说一句话,汤米米和新闻部的孩子们,我为你们感到骄傲!还有,不得不说的就是学术部的成员了。整个假期,学术部的人几乎每天都在查资料,整理资料,写文件,开学后又进行了一遍又一遍的修改,你们才看到了最终确定的那份SG。每一次精彩纷呈的培训与模拟,都是学术部精心准备的成果。
最后,来说说我们可爱的筹委会成员吧。筹委会以外的人可能不知道,我们的大会时间与品牌社团审核时间冲突了,大家既要忙大会,还要忙答辩,有些人还要忙着排话剧。昨天那场话剧的所有演员都是我们的筹委会人员,他们精心排练了两个月才取得了最后那么轰动的效果。除此之外有些人还要忙着考试。像赵沛尧,王雪,刘家浩等。说起刘家浩,说先像大家介绍一下,他是我们social evenet的助理,由于他的部长近期出去实习了,后期的工作基本上都是他一个人完成的。他每天晚上都要忙到两三点才能睡,原本就很瘦,半个月内,又瘦了两公斤。一个大男生,现在只有90多斤,连100斤都不到。昨天一直奔波于晚会的准备,他整整一天都没有吃上饭。还有他的部长闫尊祥,他人虽在外面实习,心却一直都留在模联。为了我们的晚会,他特地请假,从阿拉山口坐了一晚上的车赶回来,今天还要急匆匆地赶回去。为了让代表少交一些会费,节省一些开支,公关部部长李大伟一直忙于拉赞助。有时候跑了两三次,都不一定能成功,有时候在外面跑了一天连饭都吃不上。还有传媒部部长王丽同学,我们所有的国家牌、胸牌、展板、海报,视频,都是她们部的工作成果。最近,为了改图,王丽经常要熬到深夜,就连开幕式的前一天,她都熬到了三点多,才最终确定了我们现在门口那块幕布的设计稿。还有给我们做视频的王金忠同学,公关部的郭梦婕同学等等,我们筹委会可爱的人真是太多了,那些动人的故事真是说不尽、道不完。能与这样的人一起做事,能够结识这样的一群朋友,真的是我加入此次筹委会最大的收获,我相信,它也将是我大学时代最宝贵的一笔财富。
最后,请允许我讲一讲我们的团委书记林老师。原来,我一直觉得林老师有点严肃,可是接触后,我才发现,他竟然是如此可爱。他嘴上虽说,你们快走吧,别再烦我了,却还会一次又一次的跑到院领导、校领导那里去给我们申请场地,盖章,发邀请函。开幕式那天,他还亲自去给我们布置会场。还让我们不要太担心钱,去买一个大蛋糕来庆祝模联的五岁生日,会费不够的话,他给我们补助。最最令人感动的事,林老师这两天累病了,白天在医院打点滴,晚上还是亲自跑到晚会现场去看了看我们的情况。林老师,我只想说,模联能有您做我们的指导老师,真的是我们的荣幸!老师,您辛苦啦!
最后,请允许我代表筹委会全体工作人员对参与此次大会的代表、志愿者、以及MPC成员表示感谢。期待下下一场大会,还能看到你们的身影,让你我与希冀模联共同成长!
第三篇:南华大学第一届模拟联合国大会
南华大学第一届模拟联合国大会
策划书
▲ 活动起源
模拟联合国是在欧美青年人当中相当流行的一种活动,几乎所有的名牌大学都有专门的模拟联合国社团,每年都有很大型的模拟联合国大会,比如哈佛世界大学生模拟联合国大会、北京大学国际模拟联合国大会等等。美国是模拟联合国活动的发源地,早在20世纪50年代模联活动就已风靡全美知名大学,同时美国也是当今全球举办模联会议最多的国家,哈佛大学全美模联会议等享有极高的知名度。
中国大学生模联活动起源于2001年,目前在北京、上海等大城市均有国内及国际级别知名模拟联合国会议。模拟联合国是模拟联合国及其相关的国际机构,依据其运作方式和议事原则,围绕国际上的热点问题召开会议会,青年学生扮演各个国家的外交官,以联合国会议的形式,通过阐述观点、政策辩论、投票表决、做出决议等亲身经历,熟悉联合国的运作方式,了解人类所面临的共同问题,促使同学们关心时事,思考自身可以发挥的作用。模拟联合国活动已经经过了60多年的发展,风靡世界,形式多样,规模不一。▲ 活动目的模拟联合国协会,它不仅仅会对联合国机构进行模拟,还会对其它全球或地区多边组织、政府内阁、国际论坛等组织或会议进行模拟。比如
1.联合国粮食及农业组织Food and Agricultural OrganizationFAO
2.世界银行 World BankWB
3.世界儿童基金会 United Nations International Children’s Emergency FundUNICEF 4世界卫生组织 World Health OrganizationWHO
我们的模拟联合国协会将以推广联合国知识、推动模拟联合国活动、营造良好文化氛围为宗旨,给同学搭建一个提高写作、辩论、谈判协商等各方面水平的舞台,进而培养学生的国际化视野。
模拟联合国活动中将主要涉及和平与安全、恐怖主义、人权、环境、贫穷与发展、全球化、公共卫生等话题,所涉及的学科有历史、地理、数学、文化、经济、军事等。它将使我们在研究写作、演讲、时间管理、危机处理、团队合作、沟通与妥协等方面得到锻炼。并培养同学们自觉关心当下的世界形势,认清世界本质,从而成为一个合格的当代大学生。▲ 活动安排
1.每班派出两个代表及一个助理参加大会(杨新宇,王学伟登记,确定人数)
2.对参加的代表及助理进行相关培训,包括大会流程,发言格式,会议文件,工作文件,修正案的书写(赵一睿,王炳乾,丁思琪,邓鸿明,吉相亲)
3.进行国家调研包括:该议题与该国的相关程度,该国针对该议题所曾采取的国内行动,该国针对该议题所参与的国际合作以及签署的国际协议,该国在该议题中的国家利益以及国家战略,该国在该议题领域中与其他国家及国际组织的关系
4.各国应对自己所代表的国家概况及站在对立国家的概况有所了解大致包括:地理、历史、民族、政治体制、宗教信仰、经济状况等较为表层的知识,也包括这个国家的国家利益、国家实力、国家战略、外交政策等较为深层的内容。对国家概况的了解不要求对每一个
方面都有细致入微的研究,而应该掌握各方面的基本信息与概况,尽量做到全面。
5.各班代表分别凭意向选择各班所代表的国家,并搜集各国资料,准备发言稿及相应讨论
资料,组委会确定议题(邓鸿明,组织各国代表查找资料,部长熊望,副部长罗丹刘涛,吕海鹏杨新宇确定议题)
6.联合国模拟大会开始,老师致词,主席团代表发言,大会正式开始
7.现场维持秩序(组织部,纪律部成员)
▲ 大会具体流程
点名(Roll Call)
点名的作用:确定到场国家总数,由此计算简单多数(1/2多数)和三分之二多数。这些数据决定了表决通过的标准。
点名的方式:主席助理按照国家名单上的顺序点名,点到的国家高举国家
牌并答“到(Present)”。主席助理重复“某某国代表出席”,并在电脑屏幕上标示出席情况,最终计数。
2.设定议题(Setting the Agenda)
设定议题的条件:一个委员会同时有两个或两个以上的议题待讨论。 设定议题的目的:确定多数国家感兴趣的议题为优先讨论的议题。
3.正式辩论(Formal Debate)
辩论的概念:不同于平时的辩论比赛,模联中的发言、磋商、游说等均被视为辩论。正式辩论:按照发言名单顺序进行的辩论叫正式辩论。发言名单(Speakers’ List)发言名单的产生:确定议题后,正式辩论开始。主席会请需要发言的代表举国家牌,并随机点出国家名,当代表听到自己国家被点到后,放下国家牌。主席助理同步记录,代表便可在大屏幕上看到发言名单。发言名单的作用:供各国代表根据自己既定的发言主题发表讲话。发言名单的缺点:各讲各的,主题分散,不利于促进共识的形成。追加发言机会(国家名未在发言名单上或已经完成发言),可向主席台传意向条(Page)要求在发言名单上添加其代表国家,主席会将该国家名加在发言名单最后。如代表已在发言名单上并还未发言,则不能追加发言机会。发言时间:每位代表有120秒的初始发言时间(Speaking Time),可通过动议(Motion to Set Speaking Time)更改。让渡:代表在发言时间内结束发言,可将剩余时间让渡让渡给他国代表(Yield Time to Another Delegate):让渡国A代表
和被让渡国B代表协商一致后(传意向条,会前游说等),B代表在A代表剩余的时间内进行发言。如B代表发言结束还有时间剩余,不能再次让渡,主席将继续主持会议。
让渡给问题(Yield Time to Questions):代表将剩余时间让渡给问题,主席会请需要提问的代表举牌,并随机点出代表进行提问,发言代表可在剩余时间内回答任何被提出的问题,提问时间不占用剩余时间,提问内容必须根据发言者的意思来问。这种方式可以体现发言代表的思辨、反应和口语表达能力。
让渡给评论(Yield Time to Comments):代表将剩余时间让渡给评论,主席会请需要评论的代表举牌,并随机点出代表进行评论,让渡者没有权利再一次进行观点的陈述或对评论进行反驳。这种让渡方式有一定风险,因为即使已经与盟国进行沟通,也不能保证主席所点出的进行评论的代表观点与发言代表完全一致。
让渡给主席(Yield Time to the Chair):代表将剩余时间让渡给主席,意味着自动放弃剩余时间,主席将继续主持会议。
4.非正式辩论(Informal Debate)
非正式辩论:在正式辩论的发言名单外进行的辩论。非正式辩论的类型有主持核心磋商(Moderated Caucus):将大会引入一个专题讨论上来。大会暂时脱离正式辩论发言名单而重新确定一轮发言国。讨论主题、总时间、每位代表发言时间由动议进行磋商的代表提出,全体代表投票决定是否进行该磋商。自由磋商(Unmoderated Caucus):代表可在规定的时间内自由离席交流。代表可以更为密切地和盟友们交换意见,讨论各自认为重要的任何方面的问题。非正式辩论的优点
弥补正式辩论中讨论不集中,交流不密切的缺点。正式辩论是在大的议题背景下发言,没有主题限制,因此代表们各抒己见,观点分散。非正式辩论中的有主持核心磋商把对议题的讨论细化,限制主题后观点集中交锋,促进了共识的形成;自由磋商允许代表离席,给予代表更大的空间,用更便捷的方式来提高交流的效率。
5.问题和动议(Points and Motions)
问题(Points):如果代表有关于会议的问题,可以向主席提出问题。问题不需投票,由主席直接处理。
组织性问题(Point of Order):当代表认为主席在主持会议过程中产生某种错误时,可提出组织性问题,以纠正主席错误。可以打断进程提出。Example: Point of Order!Delegate of Germany would like to remind chair that the peaking time for each speaker now is 1 minute instead of 2 minutes. 咨询性问题(Point of Inquiry):当代表对于会议程序有不明白的地方时,可以举牌向主席咨询。Example: Point of Inquiry!China would like to ensure whether the next procedure is voting.
个人特权问题(Point of Personal Privilege):当代表觉得在会场上个人有任何不适时,可以提出各人特权问题,以求得主席团的帮助和解决。Example: Point of Personal Privilege!Delegate of Algeria cannot see the screen clearly.Would you mind turning the characters bigger?动议(Motions):代表出于商定会议议程、修改发言时间、进行非正式辩论的目的而提出的需要投票表决的建议。动议更改发言时间(仅在正式辩论中):如果代表认为发言时间过长或过短,可动议更改发言时间。Example: France motions to shorten the speaking time from 2 minutes to 1 minute.动议进行有主持核心磋商:此动议意味着代表试图使正式辩论阶段过渡到非正式辩论阶段。Example:China motions for a moderated caucus.The total time is 5 minutes, and each delegate has 1 minute.动议进行自由磋商:此动议意味着代表试图使正式辩论阶段过渡到非正式
辩论阶段。Example: India motions for a 15-minute un-moderated caucus.6.投票(Voting)
对象:程序;会议文件对程序的表决:所有代表都需要投票,不可以弃权(Abstain),只能投赞成(Yes)或反对(No)对会议文件的表决:包括决议草案、非友好修正案简单多数:即出席代表总数的二分之一多数。(50%+1)绝对多数:对会议文件投票时,“赞成数/赞成数+反对数”大于三分之二
被视为绝对多数,弃权票不计,此时草案或修正案条款获得通过。
7.意向条(Page)
代表有任何问题,或者需要进行游说、沟通,都可以通过传意向条的方式向其他代表或主席表达。会场有志愿者(Volunteers)负责传递。代表需要注意的是,意向条的书写需要符合本委员会的工作语言要求。
活动解释说明
不得谈论任何超越政治底线话题
大会可进行英文场和中文场,就主席团所确立的议题进行相关讨论!
参与模拟联合国大会的一般为20-24个国家,会议结束以是否超过三分之二国家通过决案为标准。
主席团人员待定
与会各国代表必须着正装(西装,皮鞋,领带)言行举止代表均代表自己本国形象▲ 活动预算
矿泉水:2*30*2=120
资料费:10*25=250
宣传费(横幅,展板):
▲活动负责人
电气工程学院组织部熊望,罗丹,赵一睿,杨新宇,邓鸿明,吕海鹏,丁思琪,刘涛,王学伟,吉相亲,王炳乾
附:相关资料网址
中国大学模拟联合国大会协会
东北师范大学第二届模拟联合国大会现场实录
北京大学模拟联合国大会介绍
活动盛况
由于活动较大,建议和其他学院联合举办。
湖南省南华大学电气工程学院组织部赵一睿
2012.2.14 模拟联合国规则流程简图
第四篇:模拟联合国大会策划书
模拟联合国大会策划书
一. 活动目的:
在经济全球化的今天,世界是再无一个孤立的国家,各个区域的发展、变化皆会影响整个世界的发展趋势。作为中国的当代青年,决不可对国家实事闭目塞听,而应持续关注全球的发展动态。二. 活动宗旨:
激发热情 Generating young passion 社会责任 Social responsibility 想象创新 Imagination for innovation 勇于尝试 Willing to try 追求卓越 Excellence in execution 三. 大赛主题:美帝衰落妒忌中国崛起 四. 活动对象:全校学生 五. 参赛形式:
(一)每个班级选出2—4名学生组成一个团体,各自班级确定自己班级所代表的国家
(二)根据给出的大赛主题进行模拟联合国大会会议模式 六.活动时间:2011年4月20日——2011年4月23日 七.主办单位:工学院宁海就业指导部
指导单位:工学院宁海就业指导中心 八.活动形式: 1.阅读背景资料 2.会场上书写大量文件 3.听取各代表团发言阐述各自的论点
4.由邀请到的老师和主席团成员做裁判决定哪个班级的表现 九.活动安排:
1.宣传工作:具体由宣传部实施
十、评分标准:
1、本次活动评分为100分制
2、评分过程秉承公平、公正、公开的原则
3、比赛个人总得分的平均分
4、具标准如下: 团队印象分40% 解说分30% 问答分30%
工学院宁海就业部
第五篇:模拟联合国大会策划
武汉市第一届“大国平台”大学生模拟联合国安全理事会策划书
大国交锋,看风云时卷时舒。
恰少年时,论英杰谁主沉浮。
——题记
活动名称:大国平台——三校大学生模拟联合国大会。
活动时间:2008年4月 26日(下午2时,大会历时:3小时左右)
三、活动地点:科学会堂
四、参加团队:华中师范大学07级国际政治、中南财经政法大学07级国际政治、中国地质大学07行政管理。
五、活动目的:1)将活动与专业紧密联系。模拟联合国大会,在其他国家已经成为一门课程,而在我国起步还比较晚。为提高国政人对专业课的热情,了解联合国开会模式以及关注当前世界形势走向。我们引进这种新的学习方法,将学习从课本上搬到现实中。这一方面可以体现出国政人的心怀天下,放眼全球的特点,另一方面又可以锻炼大家的思辨能力。
2)有利于班级团结,三校同学间互动。三校同是国政班,自此结成兄弟班。这是我们共同经营的一番事业。相信多年以后,同学也都会回想这一起奋斗,一起准备,一起经营的这份事业。给我们的大学生活又添浓墨重彩的一笔。
3)跨校联合,争取把该活动做大。其影响不仅在三校师生间且要通过社会媒体(如《楚天都市报》)加以扩大。
六、活动内在优势:1)形式新颖,容易引起注意。
2)跨校活动,规模大,有利于外联和宣传。
3)贴近专业,寓教于乐
七.活动潜在威胁:1)经费不足(需要拉赞助)这是最困难但也是最重要的。
2)分工问题。要分工明确,各司其职,每人都尽一分力,切莫推诿扯皮。
八、活动流程:
(一)会前准备:
1)同学自愿报名为大会主席、国家代表(每国两位代表)、会议记者、观众(3~5人)。(男生在胡浪同学处登记,女生在李蕾同学处登记。即日起至4月3日结束。)
国家分配:
中国地质大学:美国、法国、土耳其、埃及;科威特
中南财经政法大学:英国、苏联、意大利、朝鲜、伊拉克、日本
华中师范大学:中国、德国、沙特、以色列、伊朗、韩国
2)通过一致商讨,确定议题(“维持地区安全稳定,合作解决海湾地区危机”围绕海湾战争,各国协调合作,解决战争冲突,维护地区和平。)
3)围绕议题,每种角色的同学分头准备自己的材料。(主席:发言稿、掌握会议流程及时间;国家代表:了解自己所代表国家在该议题上的立场、一贯政策、自身基本立场等有关资料;记者:采访问题;搞笑观众:创意道具,缓解气氛用。)(分好组后,各小组自己分送找相关资料。)
4)道具准备:成立专门的道具小组,负责制做参加国的国旗(小)和联合国旗帜,代表的参会证(记者证),文件、服装等。(由李冬梅、陈君梅、胡浪、蒋凯、金红同学负责。)
5)借会场。6)宣传:
拍照:李山
前期:宣传在活动前一周开展,先是海报,两天后是展板,活动开始前两天是
广播台和网宣同时直击。
利用展板(2个,桂香园一个,东区小树林一个)、海报(3张,政法学院一张、老图书馆一张、元宝山一张。)、广播台(姚茜同学友情支持联系,王江波两同学负责稿件),网络宣传(向红同学为首的网宣小组负责。在政法学院网(争取在华大桂声网)上发1~2篇前期宣传稿件,)扩大影响,吸引观众。
后期:2个照片展板(政法学院、东区小树林)
网宣(争取在学校网站上发稿。网宣小组负责)
注:李蕾。网络宣传由网宣小组负责。网宣小组成员:向红、陈君梅、胡尉尉、黄习容。宣传工作是重中之重,辛苦两组同学及时、切实负起责任。联系院、校记者()。社会记者:(邀请:老师(戴轶、俞怀宁、夏安凌老师)、政法学院学生会主席、支书、学习部长、学生班主任 五院联合组织的各院主席。(主席、支书、班长负责)。
注:联系方面的工作要留在最后,即开始活动宣传时(活动前一周)再做,保证工作万无一失。
(二)会议流程:
主席团成员:三班班长,会议指导(下简称主席):张博钧
1)主席很快点名,到会人数超过报名人数的2/3,主席宣布大会开始。2)主席致开幕辞。
3)各国代表做自我介绍。4)主席主持确定议题
方法:A)主席宣读备选议题(如A,B 两议题),询问是否有代表愿意就为何选A(或B)阐明自己观点。支持讨论议题A(或B)的国家,提出动议,主席随机点名形成支持A(或B)的两组代表队,由双方交替发言(60S/人)。
B)在所有(上述中AB两个议题)议题都有代表做完选择理由陈述后,委员会(在本会中指各成员国)投票裁决是否关闭确定议题的发言,简单多数通过后,再以2/3多数选择议题。5)确定发言名单
主席询问有哪些国家代表愿意就刚选出的议题陈述自己观点,代表举牌示意,主席随机点名表示将其添加入发言人名单。发言顺序按点名顺序排列。
6)陈述辩论:
A)各国按发言名单顺序排列,派一代表做己方陈述(90秒)。B)在他国代表做陈述过程中,各国代表可以
a)向主席传纸条交流(如私人优先问题,当一个人身体不舒服时可向主席传
条请求退场休息)
b)向其他国家代表传纸条提出要求(如让渡时间、对已经做过陈述的国家进
行质询[注])或就某一观点知会对方。
[注] 对已经做过陈述的国家进行质询,即当某国代表(A国)对某个已发
言的国家(B国)的观点有不清楚或不同意时,该国(A国)可在他国陈述过程中传纸条给主席,要求与那个国家(B国)代表进行辩论式盘问质询。时间不超过3分钟。(这个时间是大会写出的初始限定时间,各国代表可提出动议,通过委员会表决进行更改。)若有多个国家需要进行质询,质询顺序按主席接到纸条的顺序排列。
C)在每一个代表结束陈述后,主席询问是否有代表提出动议。代表可以提出
任何动议以推动会议进行。动议包括:one、进行磋商
two、改变发言时间和质询时间three、介绍决议草案four、提出或介绍修正案five 休会
解释:one进行磋商:包括自由磋商、有主持核心磋商。
自由磋商即各国任意选择对象进行双边或多边磋商、游说、妥协。提出自由磋商的代表必须同时提出限定时间(少于十分钟)。动议提出后立即表决,须简单多数通过。大会主席可以裁决动议无效。
有主持核心磋商目的是了讨论一个焦点问题。在此期间,主席将中止发言名单,选择愿意发言的代表发言。提出有主持核心磋商的代表要简要简要说明协商内容、限定协商时间(不能超过10分钟)和每个代表发言的时间。动议提出后立即表决,须简单多数通过。大会主席可以裁决动议无效。
有主持核心磋商期间,所有动议都无效,若没有代表愿意发言,磋商立即结束。主席有权宣布该磋商提前结束。
two 代表通过动议要求改变发言时间(原90秒)或质询驳辩时间(原3分钟)。动议提出后立即表决,须简单多数通过。three 提交和介绍草案
代表的提交草案动议通过后可将本国拟出的草案提交主席,由主席签署后方可印发给各国。
当一份草案得到大会主席批准,并有20% 的国家(起草国+附议国)签字后进入是否进行介绍的动议。动议提出后立即表决,须简单多数通过后,该决议草案将由起草国(多个国家须内部经协商派一代表)介绍。
[注]a)签署一份草案并不意味着该国代表同意该项草案,只不过认为这份草案有一定的讨论价值。因此,附议国对该决议草案不具有义务。
b)一国代表可以成为多个议案的起草国,也可书面请求主席,要求从某项决议草案的起草国中退出。
介绍草案过后即进入关于该草案的质询辩论阶段。主要起草国进行答辩。其他各国按照陈述发言的顺序进行盘问质询。(不超过10分钟)在此过程中代表可以向主席传纸条,提出修正案并动议决议通过修正案。
任何国家代表可动议关闭或重启某一草案的质询。动议提出后立即表决,须简单多数通过。若没有代表动议关闭某草案质询,质询将按陈述发言的顺序依次进行完毕后自动结束。会议继续陈述发言阶段。
在整个一份决议草案要通过2/3在场国家的同意,每个议题只能通过一份决议草案。一份决案通过后,本次模拟大会结束。大会代表在决议上签字。
four提出或介绍修正案
任何代表都可以针对某一或某几国的草案提出修正案。向主席提出修正案动议后,主席公布该修正案涉及的草案及具体条款。委员会进行投票,决定该条款是否有必要修正。简单多数通过后,提出修正案动议的国家介绍修正案中的行动性条款(即具有实质作用的条款)。委员会再次投票,决定该修正案是否通过(2/3多数通过)。通过后,原草案相应部分将会被修改。修正后的的条款可以两次被修正。
Five休会
任何代表都可以提出体会动议,即要求10分钟的休息时间。在这段时间里,各国代表可以离席与他国进行游说,同时可以借此休息。
7)对草案投票
辩论结束后,进入对草案的投票阶段。在此阶段,每个国家都只有一次表决权,每个表决权可以是“赞成”“反对”或“弃权”。通过一分决议草案须2/3多数,即与会代表中投“赞成”和“反对”的国家的2/3投了赞成票。投“弃权票”的代表将被视为没有投票。由于每个议题都只能通过一个草案,所以当有一个草案通过后,投票程序结束。五个常任理事国对任何草案都有否决权。
8)代表签字 9)记者招待会。
注:参会证、记者证由向红,胡浪,李冬梅同学向记者团、晨风服务队、摇篮文学社借。
九、经费预算及外联工作
(看了这个预算别害怕,我们只是问了价格,没跟老板划价;我们也会努力争取外联。)