上海市格致中学高考翻译句式

时间:2019-05-15 06:38:10下载本文作者:会员上传
简介:写写帮文库小编为你整理了多篇相关的《上海市格致中学高考翻译句式》,但愿对你工作学习有帮助,当然你在写写帮文库还可以找到更多《上海市格致中学高考翻译句式》。

第一篇:上海市格致中学高考翻译句式

4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)翻译句式 强调---1

1.正是这场沙尘暴(dust storm)的后果才使人们充分认识到植树的重要性(It…)

2.直到20 世纪后期,中国运动员才以他们在奥运会上的杰出表现让世界对他们刮目相看。(begin to surprise the world)

3.我做梦也没有想到会在这次化学竞赛中获一等奖。(Little…)

4.我们只有从这件事中吸取教训才能避免再犯类似的错误。(Only…).从来没有一个国家能在这样短的时间内取得这样大的进步(Never…)

6.一个人不经历失败几乎体会不到成功的喜悦。(Hardly…)

7.学生只有通过一起学习和玩耍,才能学会具有团队精神(team sprit)。(Only…)

8.是那些在奥运会上为国争光的运动员为我们树立了学习的榜样。(It...)世界上再也没有这样美丽恬静的地方了。(Nowhere……)

10.昨天发生的事完全应责怪我,而不能怪他。(blame)It was the result of the dust storm that made people fully realize the importance of planting trees.It was not until the late twentieth century that Chinese athletes began to surprise the world with their excellent performances at the Olympics.Little did I dream of winning the first prize in the chemistry contest this time.Only by learning from this matter can we avoid making similar mistakes again.Never has any country made such great progress in such a short time.Hardly can one feel the happiness of success without experiencing failure.Only by working and playing together ca students learn to have team spirit.It was these athletes who have won honors for our country at the Olympics Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place.It was not he but I that was to blame for what happened yesterday.4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)Be + P.P.+ Prep.---2

11.千万别参加赌博,否则你迟早会陷入困境。(involve)

12.我们的图书馆有20多万图书。(stock)

13.我认为就能力而言,他完全有资格做这项工作。(qualify)

14.一切行动均以判断为基础。(base)

15.没有一个良好的管理,一家工厂即使装备了最先进的机器也不能赢利。(equip)

16.这次访问的目的是发展两国的关系。(aim)

17.那家新造的宾馆位于河边。(locate)

18.市长非常关心市民不遵守交通规则的问题。(concern)

19据说一个人晚上所做的梦与他白天想的和做的有关。(connect)

20.普遍认为街头暴力的增加和电视恐怖片有密切的关系。(relate)It’s generally believed that the growth of the street violence is closely related to horror films

on TV It’s said that what a person dreams of at night is connected with what he has thought and done in the day.The mayor is much concerned about the problem of the citizens’ disobeying the traffic regulations.The newly-built hotel is located on the riverside.This visit was aimed at expanding relations between the two countries.Without good management, a factory can’t make profit even if it is equipped with the most advanced machinery.All action is based on judgment.In my opinion, as far as ability is concerned, he is qualified for the position.Out school is stocked with over 200,000 books.Be sure not to get involved in gambling.Otherwise you’ll get into trouble sooner or later.4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)Be + P.P.+ Prep,被动语态--3

21.从那以后,他一直在从事探索英语学习的新方法。(engage)

22.全世界都对中国近年来取得的巨大成就极为惊讶。(amaze)

23..邓小平同志被公认为世界上杰出的领导之一。(regard)

24.一位教师的收入无法与一个商人的收入相比,但是这些学生还是愿意毕去教书。(compare)

25.我的父母非常满意这学期我在各门学科上取得的进步。(please)

III.英语和汉语主语不同的句型 A: 被动语态

26.必须教育学生关心他人和周围的世界。(educate)

27.希望所有的学生掌握一门外语。(expect)

28.已采取一系列的行动来拯救濒临灭绝的动物,因为他们受到掠杀的威胁.(start….campaign)

29.只有在中国才有大熊猫

(find)

30.应当鼓励学生提出不同观点和用多种方法解决同一个问题。(put forward)

31.宣布和平后,到处可以看到欢笑的脸。(declare)

Smiling faces could be everywhere when peace was declared.Since then he has been engaged in exploring for new approaches to English learning.The whole world is amazed at the great achievements that China has made in recent years.Comrade Deng Xiao Ping was universally regarded as one of the outstanding leaders in the world.A teacher’s income cannot be compared with a businessman’s, but these students choose to teach after graduation.My parents are very pleased with the progress I have made in all my subjects this term.The students must be educated to be concerned about others and the world around them.All the students are expected to have a good command of a foreign language.A series of campaigns have been started to save the endangered animals because they are threatened with being hunted/being killed.Pandas can be found only in China.Students should be encouraged to put forward different opinions and solve the same problem in various ways.4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)

It句式--4

32.控制人口的增长依然是艰巨的任务。(remain)

33.确保青少年的健康成长是全社会的职责。(ensure)

34.这次会上做出的决定是否可行尚得证明。(remain)

35.用不了多久又一条新的遂道就要建成穿过浦江。(before)

36.谈到数学,他是门外汉。(come)

37.我觉得她似乎总躲着我。(seem)

38.他说什么并没有关系,重要的是他怎样干。(matter)

39.我从没有想到我的粗心大意会使自己付出如此巨大的代价。(occur)

40.如果方便的话,请替我从邮局取回包裹。(convenient)

41.最好多化点时间读各种类型的书而不是把时间浪费在跳舞上。(better)It’s better to spend more time reading different kinds of books than to waste time dancing.If it is convenient, please fetch me the parcel from the post office.It never occurred to me that my carelessness would cost me so much.It doesn’t matter what he says.What matters is how he works.It seems to me that he always avoids me.When it comes to math, he is completely at a loss.I won’t be long before another new tunnel is built across the Huang pu River.It remains to be proved whether the decision made at the meeting will be practical.It’s the duty of the whole society ensure young people’s healthy growth.It remains a hard job to have the growth of population under control.4

4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)

It句式--5

42.对我们来说平衡的膳食和进行充分的锻炼是必要的。

43.王教授化了多少时间学这三门外语?(take)How long did it take Professor Wang to learn three foreign languages?

44.很难想象这么小的光盘了包含了那么多的信息。(compact disk)

45.在西方国家里把五岁的孩子一个人留在家里是违法的。(against the law)

46.过了好多年他才知道谁在他困难时帮助了他。(before)

47.非常遗憾他做的和他说的不想符合。(agree)。

48.用电子邮件与国外朋友保持联系对我们来讲既快有方便。(keep)

49.红黄蓝是三种主要颜色这是常识。(common sense)

50.众所周知,李先生是个很难对付的艺术家。(deal)

51.懂不懂心理学对一个老师来说是至关重要的。(matter)

It matters much/a lot to a teacher whether he or she has a good knowledge of psychology.It is well known that Mr Li is a difficult artist to deal with.It’s common sense that red, yellow and blue are the three primary colors.It’s quick and convenient for us to keep n touch with foreign friends by E-mail.It was a pity that what he did didn’t agree with what he said.It was many years before he knew who had helped him when he was in trouble.In some western countries it’s against the law to leave a five-year-old child at home alone.It’s hard to imagine such a small compact disk contains so much information.It’s necessary for us to eat a balanced diet and have plenty of exercise.5

4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)

There be…---6

52.人类的想象力 和创造力有无止境。(limit)

53.他有可能通过这次考试。(possibility)

54.毫无疑问,心脏病已成为西方世界最大的杀手之一(doubt)

55.在我校有三个篮球场和两个乒乓房供使用。(available)

56.我不知是否有任何东西可以取代母爱和关怀。(replace)

57.商店里有许多计算机可供选择。(choose)

58.周五的演出票子没有了。(available)

59.我不再劝说他了,因为跟他争论毫无意义。(point)

60.缺乏实践经验的大学毕业生不太可能马上找到高薪的工作。(little chance)

61.有一条市场规律:当一个物品供大于求时,它的价格就会下降。(do down)

There is a rule of the market that when supply is greater than demand for something, its price will go down.There is no limit to human imagination and creativity.There is possibility of his passing the exam.There is no doubt that heart trouble has become one of the greatest killers in western countries.In our school there are three baseball courts and two table tennis rooms available(to students).I wonder if there is anything that can replace a mother’s love and care.There are many computers to choose from in the shop.There are no tickets available for Friday performance.I have given up persuading him/I no longer persuade him because there is no point in arguing with him.There is little chance that a university graduate without any practical experience can find a job with high salary.4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)

There be…& accessible and available---7

62.我们的花园里曾经有过他们种的许多美丽的花朵。(used)

63.关注健康很重要,但是过分害怕疾病也是没有必要的。(need)

It’s very important to take care of your health, but there is no need to fear too much of diseases.64.不久的将来人们能够找到艾滋病的方法?(possibility)

65.似乎没有留下什么问题分析。(appear)

D.accessible and available 66.所有的教师都可以得到这份教材。(accessible)

67.一般的游客均可以参观人民大会堂。(accessible)

68.先生,很抱歉,你要的尺寸没有。(available)

69.在这里人们24小时都能从收音机里听到音乐。(available)

70.公众看不到这些档案。(accessible)

71.汽车是无法开到位于山边的一些房子去的。(accessible)

72.学生可以借到图书馆里的任何一本书。(unavailable)

73.药品不应该放在孩子们容易拿得到的地方。(accessible)There used to be many beautiful flowers that they had grown in our garden.Is there any possibility that people will find a way to cure Aids in the near future? There appeared to be no problems left to analyze.The teaching material is accessible/available to all the teachers.The Great Hall of People is accessible to ordinary visitors.I’m sorry, sir.The size you ask for is not available.Music is available on the radio twenty-four hours a day here.These documents/files are not available/accessible to the public.Some of the houses on the hillside are inaccessible to cars.No book in the library is unavailable to the students.Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children.4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)成语---8

74.俗话说得好“ 读书长见识”.因此我们应活到老学到老。

75.对他们来说“失败乃成功之母”,他们总是尽其所能在失败中找到机会。

76.名言“千里之行始于足下” 告诉我们成功取决于每天的努力。

77.他们应该从这件事中吸取教训:玩火者必自焚。

78.世界是你们的也是我们的,但归根到底是属于你们的。

79.像“有志者,事竟成” 这样的谚语一定会代代相传。

80.你能领会“知识就是力量”这句名言吗?

81.英语中有一句古话,”勿以貌取人”

There is an old saying: don’t judge a book by its cover.Can you realize the real meaning of the famous saying that knowledge is power? Such a proverb as “Where there is a will, there is a way” is certain to be passed on from generation to generation.The world belongs to us as well as to you.However it will belong to you in the end.They should learn a lesson from his incident: he who always plays with fire will surely get hurt.The famous saying “Every journey begins with the first step” tells us that our success depends on our everyday hard work.To them, “failure is the mother of success”, and they always try their best to find opportunity in failure.There is an old saying, “Enlarge one’s view by reading”, for we should never be too old to learn.8

4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)

V.+ O.+ OC---9

82.没通过期末考试使得他与父母的关系很长一段时间很糟糕。(make)

83.智力平平的学生会觉得完成这张卷子很困难。(find)

84.他们有一个规矩: 每年向希望工程捐一次款。(make)

85.电视使我们不断获知世界上发生的事情。(keep)

86.是宇宙飞船的问世,使得人类到月球成为可能。(make)

87.你觉得有没有必要把高中未毕业的孩子送到国外留学?(think)

88.世界上人口的不断增长使得工农业迅速发展变得非常重要。(make)

89.我觉得教练把那位表现差的守门员换下来是很明智的。(think)I think it wise for the coach to substitute the goalie who performed poorly in the match.The increasing population of the world makes it necessary for agriculture and industry to develop fast/rapidly.Do you think it necessary to send the children who have not graduated from senior high schools to study abroad? It’s the invention of the spaceship that makes it possible for man to go to the moon.TV keeps us informed of what is happening in the world.They have made it a rule to donate money to the Hope-Project once a year.Students of average intellect will find it difficult to finish/complete the test paper.That he failed his final exams made/cause him(to)have a difficult/poor relationship with his parents for a long time.9

4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)

非谓语动词---10

90.与过去相比,现在学校更加重视(lay emphases)对学生能力的培养,不是仅仅关心考试成绩。(more than)

91.知道了这孩子生病,父母马上送他到医院。(send)

92.笑话没有代代相传的成语源源留长。(not as …as)

Jokes are as permanent/long-lasting as proverbs passed on from generation to generation.93.考虑到他的实用价值,这本书值得一读。(worth)

94.在许多证据面前,那人不得不承认那是他第五次在夜里抢劫别人。(face)

95.世界各国领导人在会上就如何反对恐怖主义(terrorism)发表了各自的意见。(fight)

96.实现这一目标的最好办法是尽量多团结人。(accomplish)

97.我已安排好一辆车去车站接他们。(arrange)

98.中国成为2008 年奥运会的主办国是当之无愧的。(deserve)

99.充分利用时间并不意味着从早到晚不停的看书。(mean)Making full use of time doesn’t mean keeping reading book from morning till night

China fully deserves to be the host nation of the Olympic Games in 2008.I have arranged for a car to pick them up at the railway station.The best way to accomplish this goal is to unite as many people as possible.Leaders from different countries expressed different opinions on how to fight terrorism at the meeting.Facing/faced with so much evidence the man had to admit that it was the fifth time that he robbed people at night.Considering its practical value, the book is well worth reading.Knowing that the child was ill, his parents sent him to hospital at once.Compared with the past, schools are playing more emphases on training students’ abilities than being concerned about the success of exams.10

4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)

非谓语动词---11

100.他喜欢嘲笑别人,结果发现自己被别人嘲笑。(find)

101.与他原来的期待相反,做这个工作需要经常乘飞机出国。(involve)

102勿容置疑,青少年过渡玩电子游戏机对他们的身心极其有害。(harmful)

103非常感谢你给我提供了这么好的练习口语的机会。(appreciate)

104为了解决一系列的社会问题,他们决定在政府的支持下建立更多的养老院。(set up)

105从观众的掌声判断,他的告别演出非常成功。(judge)

Judging from the loud applauding from the audience, his farewell performance is very successful.With the help the government they decided to set up more nursing homes for the old in order to solve a series of social problems.I appreciate it very much that you provide me with such a good opportunity to practice speaking English.(I appreciate your kindness in providing me….Undoubtedly/There is no doubt that/ the youngsters’ playing video games too much is extremely harmful to their physical and mental development.Contrary to what he expected, to undertake the job involves constantly going abroad by car.He enjoys laughing at others, only to find himself laughed at.11

4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)

定语从句---12

106.不守诺言的人是不会被信任的。(trust)

107.在你游览过的城市中那个人口最多?(population)

108.我们应努力争取到高中毕业时掌握一门外语。(strive)We sold strive to master a foreign language by the time when we graduate from the senior high school.109.一个教师们把所有的课堂时间都用在训练学生应试的国家怎能与其它国家在科学技术方面竞争?(compete)

110.汤姆计算这道数学题的奇特方法给教授留下深刻的印象。(impress)The unique way that Tom worked out the maths problem impressed the professor deeply.111.虽他已去过上海三次,但这是他第一次去那儿庆祝春节。(celebrate)

112.年龄在25岁到45岁之间的教师都有出国的机会。(range)

113.众所周知,成功来自勤奋,不努力则一事无成。(result)As we all know, success results from hard work;without efforts nothing can be done/achieved.114.十月一日是中华人民共和国成立周年纪念日.(anniversary)

115.父母有时要他们的孩子做他们不会做的事。(want).116.一个刚从大学毕业的没有实践经验的人是很难找到一个高薪职位的。(difficulty)

Whoever doesn’t keep his word/promise won’t be trusted.Whish one of the cities you have visited has the largest population? How can a country where teachers devote all their class hours to training students to take exams competes in science and technology with other countries? Although he has been to Shanghai three times, this is the first time that he has celebrate the Spring Festival there.All the young teaches whose ages range from 25 to 45 have the opportunities to make/have a further study abroad.October 1 is the anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China.Parents sometimes want their children to do what they cannot do themselves.It is difficult for a university graduate without any practical experience to find a job with high

4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)salary

117.他在每次比赛中的得分都比其他的队员高,说明他是个称职的队长。(which)He scored more goals than other team members in each game, which shows/ suggests that he is a worthy captain.4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)

状语从句---13

118.无论它化了你多少钱,它都值这个价。(however)

119.据我所知,派谁去那里帮助他们仍没决定。(as far as)

120.你最好带把伞以防下午下雨。(in case)

121.每次我见到这张照片就使我想起我们在国外度过的日子。(every time)

122.一旦下定决心, 无论遇到什么困难也不要放弃。(once)Once you have made up your mind, don’t give up whatever difficulties you meet with.123.中国对外开放已20年了。(since)

124.这是一次对他的傲慢如此痛苦的教训(a lesson to…)她永远也不会忘记。(such…that)

125.任何犯错误的人,只要他不讳疾忌医,我们都要帮助他。(so long as)We shall help anyone who has made a mistake so long as he doesn’t conceal his fault and refuse to be criticized.126.哪儿有人类的苦难,哪儿就有红十字会的成员。(where)

127.谁要读这本书就把它借给谁吧。(whoever)

128.除非现在就采取有效的措施, 否则人类就会发现自己面临灾难。(unless)Man will find himself faced with a disaster unless effective measures are taken now.You may lend the book to whoever wants to read it.Where there is human suffering, there are Red Cross members.It was such as bitter lesson to her pride that she could never forget it.It’s over twenty years since China opened to the outside world.Every time I see the photo, it reminds me of the days we spent abroad.You’d better take an umbrella with you in case it rains this afternoon.As far as I know, it has not been decided who will be sent over to help them out.As far as I know who will be sent over to help them out remains undecided.However much it costs you, it is worth the price.14

4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)名词性从句---14

129.中国再也不是过去的中国了。中国从来没有今天这样强大。(no longer)China is no long what it used to be.Never has China been so powerful as it is today.130.很多人化时间去想的是他们可以从别人那里得到什么,而不是自己能给予什么。(what)

131.一些专家认为中国加入世贸组织(China’s WTO entry)意味着机遇和挑战并存。(consider)

132.众所周知,台湾是中国大陆的一个部分。(known)

133.我认为一本书除非值得反复读,否则不值得买。(don’t think)

134令人惊讶,我居然在别人认为很难的一次测验中获全班最高分。(It…)

It’s surprising that I should have got the highest scores in what is considered to be a hard test./exam

135.“ 水往低处流”是个不可改变的自然法则。(flow)

136.你是否可以给他输血要看你的血型与他的血型是否想配。(depend)his.137.开车前禁止喝酒的原因是它会使司机的判断力减弱。(forbid)

138.真正重要的不在于别人怎么看待你,而在于你怎么看待你自己。(not…but…).139.给我印象最深的是这一仪器的发明者是一位中学生。(impress)

What impressed me most was that the device was invented by a high school student.Many people spend their time wondering what they can get out of others instead of what they can give to others.Some experts consider/think that China’s entry to WTO/entering WTO means opportunities as well as challenges.It’s known to us all that Taiwan is a part of the Chinese mainland.I don’t think a book is worth buying unless it is worth reading several times.It is the inevitable law of nature that water always flow to lower places.Whether you can transfuse your blood to him depends on whether your blood type matches The reason why drinking is forbidden before driving is that it will decrease the driver’s judgment on road conditions.What matters is not how others think of you but how you think of yourself.4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)

比较级---15

140.人们普遍认为,用脑越多,智力就越活跃。(the more…the more)

It’s generally believed that the more our brains are used, the more active e our intelligence will be.141.相对而言, 污染带来的威胁比疾病更加严重。(more than)By comparison, the threat caused by pollution is more serious than that of getting sick.142.欧洲面积虽小,但它对世界历史的影响比任何别的大陆都要大。(impact)Europe has a greater impact on world history than any other continent in spite of its small size.143.在中国南方通常比北方下雪少。(less)

144.你的知识越宽,你阅读的困难就越少。(range)The wide range of knowledge you have, the less difficult it will be for you to read.145.一个人的出身和相貌并不重要,重要的是他长大后将成为什么样的人。(not as……as)A person’s family background and his appearance are not as important as what he grows to be.146.众所周知,亚洲位于世界的东方,其面积是欧洲的四倍。(the size of).It’s known to us all that Asia, located in the east of the world, is four times the size of Europe.147.为了解决饮水问题,村民们集资挖了口深达60米的井。(as…as…)

The villagers raised some money to dig a well which was as deep as 60 meters so as to solve the problem of drinking water.148.调查表明男人戒烟比女人更容易些。(show)

The survey indicates that it is easier for men to give smoking than women do In China it generally snows less in the south than in the north.16

4.30交大昂立新课程高三自招寒假班英语(徐汇)主动还是被动---16

149.在农村长大的人往往不习惯在城市里生话。(bring)Those who are brought up in the countryside are generally not accustomed to living in the city.150.百分之九十的学生考上了大学的消息终于传来了。(admit)The good news came at last that 90 percent of the students had been admitted into universities.151.根据报道,1998年中国很多地区发生了严重水灾。(occur).152.要不是你的及时帮助,他就要困在雪地了。(strand)

153.能做的都应当按计划提前完成。(accomplish)

154.由于他在志愿者工作中的杰出表现,他得到了金牌。(award)

155.过去十年浦东发生了巨大的变化。(take)

156.如果你犯法,你就要准备承担后果。(prepare)

157.奥运会的开幕式的整个过程将向世界各国进行实况转播。(televise)The entire process of the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games will be televised live to the whole world.158.据说在那个国家,周围没人时违反交通规则的人不能在政府中担任任何职务。(hold)

159.在外语学习过程中,应特别重视阅读速度的提高。(improve)

160.在五十年代,这个村庄遭受多次旱灾(strike)

It is reported that serious floods occurred in many parts of China.But for your timely help, he would have been stranded in the snow yesterday.What can be done should be accomplished ahead of time as planned.He was awarded a gold medal for his outstanding service to the volunteer work.Great changes have taken place in Pudong in the past ten years.If you break the law, you must be prepared to suffer the consequences It is said that in that country anyone who breaks the traffic regulations without being seen by others can’t hold a position in the government office.While learning English students should pay special attention to how to improve the efficiency of/in reading In the 50s, the village was stricken by droughts for many times.

第二篇:高考文言文句式翻译专项练习

高考文言文句式翻译专项练习文言文句式翻译专项练习及答案

文言句式练习

判断句

1、所谓华山洞者,以其乃华山之阳名之也。

2、和氏壁,天下所共传宝也。

3、一人之心,千万人之心也。

4、斯固百世之遇也。

5、即今之傫然在墓者也。

6、此人力士。

7、燕王,吾所立

8、臣乃市井鼓刀屠者。

9、我为赵将,有攻城野战之功

10、如今人方为刀俎,我为鱼肉。

11、是时以大中丞抚吴者为魏之私人

12、梁文即楚将项燕。

13、此则岳阳楼之大观也。

14、问今是何世,乃不知有汉,无论魏晋。

15、巨是凡人。《赤壁之战》

16、同行十二年,不知木兰是女郎。

17、子非我,安知我不知鱼之乐?

被动句

1、五人者......激于义而死焉者也。

2、吾长见笑于大方之家。

3、信而见疑,忠而被谤,能无怨乎?

4、遂为猾胥报充里正役。

5、有如此之势,而为秦人之积威所劫

6、不者,若属皆且为所虏。

7、吾不能举全吴之地,十万之众,受制于人。

8、永元中,举孝廉不行,连辟公府不就。

9、屈平疾王听之不聪也,谗谄之蔽明也,邪曲之害公也,方正之不容也。倒装句

主谓倒装

甚矣,汝之不惠!贤哉回也!定语后置

1、计未定,求人可使报秦者,未得。

2、村中少年好事者,驯养一虫

3、'蚓无爪牙之利,筋骨之强。'

4、石之铿然有声者,所在皆是也'

5、大阉之乱,缙绅而能不易其志者,四海之大,有几人欤?'

宾语前置

1、我无尔诈,尔无我虞。

2、不患人之不己知,患不知人也。

3、宋何罪之有?

4、譬若以肉投馁虎,何功之有哉?

5、“他人有心,予忖度之”——夫子之谓也。

6、父母唯其疾之忧。

7、惟余马首是瞻。

8、惟你是问。

9、大王来何操?

10、沛*****在?

11、噫!微斯人,吾谁与归?

12、《诗三百》,一言以蔽之,曰:'思无邪。'

13、是以后世无传矣。

14、夜以继日

15、臣舍人相如止臣曰:“君何以知燕王?” 介宾短语后置

1、青取之于蓝,而青于蓝。

2、李氏子蟠,......不拘于时,学于余。

3、王尝语庄子以好乐

4、使负栋之柱,多于南山之农亩 省略句

1、省主语

触草木,尽死。

2、省谓语

一鼓作气,再而衰,三而竭。

3、省宾语

竖子不足与谋。

秦王不怿,为一击缶。

4、省介词

今以钟磬置水中。

臣与将军戮力而攻秦,将军战河南,臣战河北。

试与他虫斗,虫尽靡。又试之鸡,果如臣言。

蹑足行伍之间,而倔起阡陌之中。

5、省量词 蟹六跪而二螯。

6、分句省略。

然力足以至焉,于人为可讥,而在己为有悔。

骐骥一跃,不能十步;驽马十驾,功在不舍。

固定结构

在了解古代汉语与现代汉语不同的特殊句式时,应注意其中的固定结构。这些固定结构大致可分为表示疑问、表示反问、表示感叹、表示揣度和表示选择五种。

1.表示疑问

①何以……?(根据什么……?凭什么……?)《论浯六则》:孔文子何以谓之文也?

《廉颇蔺相如列传》:王曰:“何以知之?” ②何所……?(所……是什么?)

《木兰诗》:问女何所思?问女何所忆?

《卖炭翁》:卖炭得钱何所营?

③奈何……?(……怎么办?为什么……?)《鸿门宴》:未辞也,为之奈何?

《阿房宫赋》:奈何取之尽锱铢,用之如泥沙? ④如……何,奈……何?(拿……怎样呢?)《愚公移山》:如太行王屋何?

《垓下歌》:虞兮虞兮奈若何? ⑤孰与……?(与……比哪个……?)《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》:吾孰与徐公美?

《廉颇蔺相如列传》:公之视廉将军孰与秦王? ⑥安……乎?(怎么……呢?)

《赤壁之战》:然刘豫州新败之后,安能抗此难乎? ⑦独……耶?(难道……吗?)

《信陵君窃符救赵》: 公子纵轻胜,弃之降秦,独不怜公子之姊耶?

2.表示反问

①何……哉(也)?(怎么能……呢?)

《游褒禅山记》:何可胜道也哉?(兼有感叹)

②何……为?(……干什么呢?)《鸿门宴》:何辞为?

③何……之有?(有什么……呢?)《左传·僖公三十年》:夫晋何厌之有?

④如之何……?(怎么能……呢?)

《荷蓨丈人》:君臣之义,如之何其废之

⑤岂(其)……哉(乎,耶),(哪里……呢? ……哪里呢?)《捕蛇者说》:岂若我乡邻之旦旦有是哉!(兼有感叹)

《采草药》:岂可一切拘以定时哉? 《鸿门宴》:沛公不先入关,公岂敢入乎? 《殽之战》:未报秦施而伐秦师,其为死君乎? 《廉颇蔺相如列传》:岂以一璧之故欺秦邪

⑥安……哉(乎)?(哪里……呢?)

《陈涉世家》:燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉?(兼有感叹)

⑦不亦……乎?(不是……吗?)

《论语六则》:人不知而不愠,不亦君子乎?

《察今》:求剑若此,不亦惑乎?

⑧……非……欤?(……不是……吗?)

《屈原列传》:子非三闾大夫欤?

⑨宁……耶?(哪里……呢?)

《祭妹文》:宁知此为归骨所耶?(兼有感叹)⑩顾……哉?(难道……吗?)

《为学》:顾不如蜀鄙之僧哉?(兼有感叹)⑩独……哉?(难道……吗?)

《廉颇蔺相如列传》:相如虽驽,独畏廉将军哉?

3.表示感叹

①何其……也!(怎么那么……啊!)《伶官传序》:至于誓天断发,泣下沾襟,何其衰也!②直……耳!(只不过……罢了!)《孟子·梁惠王上》:王曰:“不可,直不过百步耳!”

③惟……耳!(只……罢了!)

《谭嗣同》:吾已无事可办,惟待死耳!④一何……(多么……啊!)

《石壕吏》:吏呼一何怒,妇啼一何苦!⑤亦……哉!(也真是……啊!)

《五人墓碑记》:……且立石于其墓之门,以旌其所为。呜呼,亦盛矣哉!⑥……何如哉!(……该是怎样的呢!)

《〈指南录〉后序》:痛定思痛,痛何如哉!

4.表揣度

①无乃……乎(欤)(恐怕……吧?)(兼表反问)《季氏将伐颛臾》:求,无乃尔是过与?

今君王既栖于会稽之上,然后乃求谋臣,无乃后乎?

②得无(微)……乎?(该不是……吧?)(兼表反问)得无教我猎虫所耶?

日饮食得无衰乎?

③其……欤?(不是……吗?)(兼表反问)《师说》:其可怪也欤?

④……庶几……欤?(……或许……吧?)

《孟子二章》:吾王庶几无疾病欤?

5.表示选择

①与其……孰若……?(与其……,哪如……?)《冯婉贞》:与其坐而待亡,孰若起而拯之? ②……欤(耶),抑……欤(耶)?(是……,还是……呢?)

《伶官传序》:岂得之难而失之易欤?抑本其成败之迹,而皆自于人欤? ③其……耶?其……也?(还是……呢?还是……呢?)《马说》:其真无马邪?其真不知马也!

第三篇:文言句式 翻译

文言句式专项练习

一选择题

1.下列句子中,句式不相同的一项是()A.不者,若属皆且为所虏 B.臣乃市井鼓刀屠者

C.六国破来,非兵不利,战不善

D.魏公子无忌者,魏昭王少子

2.下列句子中,不是被动句的一项是()A.故内惑于郑袖,外欺于张仪 B.六艺经传皆通习之,不拘于时

C.古之人观于天地、山川、草木、虫鱼、鸟兽 D.不能容于远近

3.下列各句中是定语后置现象的一项是()A.蚓无爪牙之利,筋骨之强 B.子何恃而往?

C.欲与秦,秦城恐不可得,徒见欺 D.刘备,天下枭雄

4.下列句子中,没有状语后置的一项是()A.四境之内莫不有求于王

B.一旦山陵崩,信陵君何以自托于赵 C.安在公子能急人之困也 D.我非爱其财而易之以羊也

5.下列句子中不是判断句的一项是()A.神仙之说,所谓画蛇添足 B.夫天者,人之始也 C.然是说也,余常疑之

D.和氏璧,天下所共传宝也

6.下列句子中,没有宾语前置的一项是()A.子非鱼,安知我不知鱼之乐 B.手指不可屈伸,弗之怠 C.古之人不余欺也

D.夫晋,何厌之有?

7.下列句子中,没有成分省略现象的一项是()A.永州之野产异蛇,黑质而白章 B.军中无以为乐,请以剑舞

C.项伯乃夜驰之沛公军,私见张良,具告以事 D.燕赵之君,始有远略

8.下列各组句子,句式不相同的一组是()

A.①故今之墓中全乎为五人也 ② 《诗》三百篇,大抵圣贤发愤之所为作也 B.①甚矣,汝之不惠 ② 此则岳阳楼之大观也

C.①身死人手,为天下笑 ② 舞榭歌台,风流总被雨打风吹去 D.①大王来何操? ② 句读之不知,惑之不解 9.下列句子中,与例句句式相同的一项是()例句:即今之傫然在墓者也

A.不患人之不己知,患不知人也 B.将军战河南,臣战河北 C.虞兮虞兮奈若何?

D.夫天者,人之始也;父母者,人之本也。10.下列句子中,没有成分省略现象的一项是()A.公曰:“衣食所安,弗敢专也,必以分人。” B.每假借于藏书之家,手自笔录,计日以还 C.一鼓作气,再而衰,三而竭 D.百战百胜,非善之善者也

11.下列句子中,与例句句式相同的一项是()例句:

A.吾所以为此者,以先国家之急而后私仇也 B.人非生而知之者 C.竖子不足与谋 D.翩翩两骑来是谁

12.下列句子中,与例句句式不同的一项是()例句:马之千里者,一食或尽粟一石 A.以勇气闻于诸侯

B.求人可使报秦者

C.石之铿然有声者,所在皆是也

D.我持白璧一双,欲献项王

13.下列句子中,与例句句式相同的一项是()例句:古之人不余欺也

A.生乎吾前,其闻道也固先乎吾 B.君何以知燕王? C.重为乡党所笑

D.屈平疾王听之不聪也,谗谄之蔽明也,邪曲之害公也,方正之不容也 14.下列句子中,与例句句式相同的一项是()例句:亚父者,范增也 A.吾长见笑于大方之家

B.兔不可复得,而身为宋国笑 C.夫战,勇气也

D.洎牧以谗诛 日削月割,以趋于亡 15.下列句子中,不同于其余三项的是()A.余是以记之

B.知人者智,自知者明 C.大王来何操?

D.又试之鸡,果如成言

16.找出与其他句式不同的一项()A.神仙之说,所谓为蛇画足 B.蔺相如者,赵人也 C.然是说也,余犹疑之 D.其人勇士 17.找出与其他句式不同的一项()A.其南陵,夏后皋之墓也 B.庭中始为篱

C.灭六国者六国也 D.汝是大家子

18.找出与其他句式不同的一项()A.今天子有急,此乃臣效命之秋也 B.且相如素贱人 C.臣本布衣

D.我无尔诈,尔无我虞

19.找出与其他句式不同的一项()A.鱼,我所欲也,熊掌亦我所欲也 B.秦人不暇自哀

C.然而不王者,未之有也

D.王见之曰:“牛何之?”

20.找出与其他句式不同的一项()A.长安君何以自托于赵? B.且焉置土石? C.余是以记之

D.饰以篆文山龟鸟兽之形

21.下列各组句子,句式不相同的一组是()A.①虽才高于世,而无骄尚之情②虽董之以严刑 B.①还矢先王,而告以成功②申之以孝悌之义 C.①唯弈秋之为听②忌不自信

D.①臆!微斯人吾谁与归?②方其系燕父子以组 22.找出与其他句式不同的一项()A.①请其矢,盛以锦囊②何陋之有?

B.①然而不王者,未之有也②不然,籍何以至此? C.①且立石于其墓之门②能谤讥于市朝

D.①予犹记周公之被逮②傅说举于版筑之间,胶鬲举于鱼盐之中,„„

二、将下面文言文中画线部分翻译成现代汉语。1.五官莫明于目,面有黑子,而目不知,(1)乌在其为明也?„„客有任目而恶镜者,曰:(2)“是好苦我。吾自有目,乌用镜为?”久之,视世所称美人,鲜当意者,而不知己面之黑子,(3)泰然谓美莫己若。左右匿笑,客终不悟,悲夫!(1)(2)(3)

2.狄梁公与娄师德同为相。狄公排斥师德非一日,则天问狄公曰:“(1)朕大用卿,卿知所自乎?”对曰:(2)“臣以文章直道进身,非碌碌因人成事。”则天久之曰:“朕比不知卿,卿之遭遇,实师德之力也。”因命左右取筐箧,得十许通荐表,以赐梁公。梁公阅之,恐惧引咎,则天不责。

(1)(2)

3.陈轸者,游说之士。与张仪俱事秦惠王,皆贵重,争宠。(1)张仪恶陈轸于秦王曰:“轸重币轻使秦、楚之间,将为国交也。今楚不加善于秦而善轸者,轸自为厚而为王薄也。且轸欲去秦而之楚,王胡不听乎?”王谓陈轸曰:(2)“吾闻子欲去秦之楚,有之乎?”轸曰:“然。”王曰:“仪之言果信矣。”轸曰:“非独仪知之也,行道之士尽知之矣。昔子胥忠于其君而天下争以为臣,曾参孝于其亲而天下愿以为子。故卖仆妾不出闾巷而售者,良仆妾也;出妇嫁于乡曲者,良妇也。今轸不忠其君,楚亦何以轸为忠乎?(3)忠且见弃,轸不之楚何归乎?”王以其言为然,遂善待之。(1)(2)(3)

三、高考真题再现

(一)(2008年上海卷)阅读下文,完成第1-5题。

建中四年,项城为叛军困。县令李侃,不知所为。其妻杨氏曰:“君,县令也。寇至当守;力不足,死焉,职也。君如逃,则人谁肯固矣!”侃曰:“兵与财皆无,将若何?”曰:“如不守,县为贼所得矣,仓廪皆其积也,府库皆其财也,百姓皆其战士也,国家何有?夺贼之财而食其食,重赏以令死士,其必济!”

于是,召胥吏、百姓于庭,杨氏言曰:“县令,诚主也;虽然,岁满则罢去。非若吏人、百姓然。吏人、百姓,邑人也,坟墓存焉,宜相与致死以守其邑,忍失其身而为贼之人耶?”众皆泣。得数百人,侃率之以乘城。

项城,小邑也,无长戟劲弩、高城深沟之固。贼气吞焉,将超城而下。有以弱弓射贼者,中其帅,坠马死。贼失势,遂散走,项城之人无伤焉。1.写出下列加点词在句中的意思。(4分)(1)则人谁肯固矣()(2)其必济()(3)宜相与致死以守其邑()(4)侃率之以乘城()2.下列句中“为”的用法与其他三项不同的一项是(2分)A.项城为叛军困 B.县令李侃,不知所为 C.吾从板外相为应答 D.为君翻作《琵琶行》 3.把下列句子译成现代汉语。(6分)(1)力不足,死焉,职也。译文:

(2)虽然,岁满则罢去,非若吏人、百姓然。

译文:

4.杨氏对胥吏百姓的一番陈词使得“众皆泣”,原因是(2分)5.联系全文,概括杨氏的性格特点。(2分)答:

(二)(江西卷)阅读下面的文言文,完成6—10题。

子产①为政

郑人游于乡校②,以论执政。然明谓子产曰:“毁乡校,何如?”子产曰:“何为?夫人朝夕退而游焉”以议执政之善否。其所善者,吾则行之;其所恶者,吾则改之,是吾师也,若之何毁之?我闻忠善以损怨,不闻作威以防怨。岂不遽止?然犹防川:“大决所犯,伤人必多,吾不克救也,不如小决使道,不如吾闻而药之也。”

子皮欲使尹何为邑。子产曰:“少,未知可否。”子皮曰:“愿,吾爱之,不吾叛也。使夫往而学焉,夫亦愈知治矣。”子产曰:“不可。人之爱人,求利之也。今吾子爱人则以政,犹未能操刀而使割也,其伤实多。子之爱人,伤之而已,其谁敢求爱于子?子有美锦,不使人学制焉。大官、大邑,身之所庇也,而使学者制焉。其为美锦,不亦多乎?侨闻学而后入政,未闻以政学者也。若果行此,必有所害。”

范宣子③为政,诸侯之币重,郑人病之,二月,郑伯如晋,子产寓书于子西,以告宣子,曰:“子为晋国,四邻诸侯,不闻令德,而闻重币,侨也惑之。侨闻君子长国家者,非无贿之意,而无令名之难。夫令名,德之舆也。德,国家之基也。有基无坏,无亦是务乎?有德则乐,乐则能久。”宣子说,乃轻币。

子产使都鄙有章,上下有服,四有封洫④,庐井有伍⑤。大人之忠俭者,从而与之;泰侈者,因而毙之。从政一年,舆人⑥诵之曰:“取我衣冠而褚之,取我田畴而伍之。孰杀子产,吾其与之!”及三年,又诵之曰:“我有子弟,子产诲之。我有田畴,子产殖之。子产而死,谁其嗣之?”

(选编自《左传》襄公三十一年、二十四年、三十年)

〔注〕①子产:名侨,字子产,春秋时著名政治家,郑国名相。文中加“ ”的都是人名。②乡校:乡间公共场所。③范宣子:春秋时晋国大臣,晋平公时执掌国政。④封劣:田界。⑤伍:五家相保的民户编制。⑥舆人:众人。⑦褚:储藏。6.对下列句子中加点的词语的解释,不正确的一项是()A.吾不克救也 克:能够。

B.郑伯如晋 如:到„„去。C.非无贿之患,而无令名之难 贿:贿赂。

D.子产使都鄙有章,上下有服 鄙:边远的地方。

7.下列句中的“病” 字,与文中“郑人病之”用法相同的一项是()A.予购三百盆,皆病者,无一完者 B.君子病无能焉,不病人之不己知也 C.老臣病足,曾不能疾走 D.以夭梅病梅为业以求钱也

8.下列八句话编为四组、分别表现子产治国以德,以民为本的一组是()①不闻令德,而闻重币,侨也惑之

②大人之忠俭者,从而与之

③其所善者,吾则行之;其所恶者,吾则改之 ④是吾师也,若之何毁之 ⑤人之爱人,求利之也 ⑥德,国家之基也 ⑦不如吾闻而药之也 ⑧夫令名,德之舆也

A.⑧② B.⑥⑤ C.①③ D.⑦④ 9.下列对原文有关内容的分析和概括,不正确的一项是()

A.子产高度重视倾听民众意见,并且把民众的批评指责作为施政的依据。他认为乡校是民众发表意见的重要场所,如果取缔乡校,堵塞言路,一定会对国家造成巨大伤害。B.子产认为政事是关乎国计民生的大事。他反对子皮任用年轻而又没有从政经验的尹何治理封地,认为如果不经过学习实践就委以重任、一定会造成危害。

C.子产认为治国应该重德轻财,治国以德可以获取美好的名声,从而塑造良好的国家形象,使国家根基稳固,人民快乐安逸。

D.子产是春秋时期郑国的贤相,他具有很强的民本思想,勇于改革,赏罚分明,治国有方,文章最后通过郑国流传的民谣,用对比的手法,对子产给予了高度的赞扬。10.把文言文阅读材料中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)(1)我闻忠善以报怨,不闻作威以防怨。(3分)译文:

(2)吾爱之,不吾叛也。使夫往而学焉,夫亦愈知治矣。(4分)译文:

(3)子产而死,谁其嗣之?(3分)译文:

文言句式专练答案

1.A(A项是被动句,BCD三项都是判断句)

2.C(C 项中“于”只引进对象,不表被动,AB D三项都是被动句)

3.A(“爪牙之利,筋骨之强”意思是“锋利的爪牙,强健的筋骨”,是定语后置;B 是宾语前置;C是被动句; D是判断句)

4.C(宾语前置句;AB D都是状语后置)

5.C(A为无标志判断句;B “者„„也”表判断;D“„„也”表判断)

6. A(判断句)

7.D(A “黑质而白章”省略主语“异蛇”;B “请以剑舞”省略谓语“为乐”;C “告以事”省略宾语“之”)

8.B(①是倒装句,②是判断句;A 都是判断句;C都是被动句; D都是宾语前置句)9. D(A宾语前置;B省略句,两句都省略“于”;C固定句式)

10.D(判断句。A(我)弗敢专也;B(予)每假借于藏书之家,(予)手自笔录,(予)计日以还;C再(鼓)而衰,三(鼓)而竭)

11.C(例句和C项都是省略句,分别是“以钟磬置(于)水中”“竖子不足与(之)谋”;A B D 三项都是判断句)

12.A(状语后置;例句及 B C D定语后置)13.B(宾语前置;A状语后置; C D被动句)

14.C(判断句; A B D被动句)

15.D(省略句,又试之(以)鸡,果如成言;A B C均为宾语前置句)16.C(C项为陈述句;其余为判断句)17.B(B项是陈述句,其余为判断句)

18.D(D项是宾语前置句,其余为判断句)19.A(A 项是判断句,其余是宾语前置句)20.D(D项是状语后置句,其余是宾语前置句)21.D(①为宾语前置,②为状语后置;AB均为状语后置句;C两句都是宾语前置句)22.A(A①是状语后置,②是宾语前置;B都是宾语前置;C都是状语后置;D 都是被动句)

二、1.(1)它的明察表现在哪里呢?(2)这镜子使我好痛苦。

(3)安然自得地认为,没有像自己漂亮的人了。

2.(1)我重用你,你知道是什么原因吗?

(2)我凭着文章和正直的品德任职,不是庸庸碌碌靠人帮忙才做官的。3.(1)张仪在秦惠王面前诋毁陈轸说。

(2)我听说您要离开秦国到楚国去,有这样的事吗?

(3)忠于国君还要被摒弃,我不到楚国去到哪里去呢?

三、1.(上海卷)(1)坚守,固守(2)成功(3)一起(4)防守,登 2.B 3.(1)(抵抗的)力量不够,死在这件事情上,也是你的职分。

(2)即使这样,任职期满就离开了,不像差役、百姓这样。

4.杨氏设身处地为胥吏、百姓考虑(1分),激发出众人保卫家园的志气(1分)。5.深明大义(1分)、有勇有谋、热爱国家(答对任意一点得1分)。6.C(贿,意思是“钱财”)

7.B(B项与“郑人病之”同属意动用法,译为“以„„为病”,即译为“对„„感动担忧”;A成为病态,动词;C 患病,动词;D使„„成为病态,使动用法)

8.C(①写子产劝宣子治国以德,表现了子产治国以德思想。③写子产不赞成毁乡校,善于听取人民的各种意见,表现了一定的以民为本的思想,故选C;②写子产能区别对待卿大夫,不属于以民为本,故排除A;④写乡校的作用,不属于以民为本,故排除D;⑤写人要爱人,就要让他做有利于他的事,这是怎样“爱人”的问题,与以民为本关系不大,故排除B;⑥这是直接表现治国以德的思想;⑦写子产从谏如流;⑧好名声,是载德以行的车子,用比喻说明好名声的重要)

9.A,“并且把民众的批评指责作为施政的依据”错。

10.(1)我听说尽力做好事以减少怨恨,没听说过依权仗势来防止怨恨。(2)我喜欢他,不会背叛我的。让他去学着治理,他也就更加懂得治理了。

(3)子产死了,谁来继位? 参考译文(上海卷)建中四年(公元738年),项城被叛军围困。县官李侃不知怎么才好。他的妻子杨氏说:“您是县官,叛贼到当守卫;力量不足,即使死了,也是忠于职守。您假如逃跑,那么谁来守城?”李侃说:“军队与钱财都没有了,该怎么办?”杨氏说:“假如不守住,县城将被叛贼抢夺去,粮仓里储藏的都成了叛军的积蓄,政府的财库都成了他的财产,百姓都成了他们的士兵,国家还有什么呢?夺取贼兵的财物,吃他们的粮食,重赏鼓励敢死的士兵,那一定能成功的。” 于是在庭院召集胥吏百姓。杨氏说:“县官,确实是一城之主,虽然如此,任期满了就离职而去,不像吏人百姓那样。吏人百姓,都是本地人,祖坟在这里,应该相互出力死守这个县城,怎能忍心丧失自身而成为叛贼俘虏呢?”众人都流泪答应了。得到数百人,李侃带领他们登上了城墙。

项城是小地方,没有长戟劲弩精良武器,没有高城深沟来固守。叛贼气焰嚣张,率领他们的士兵将要跳过城墙而攻下项城。此时守城士兵用普通的弓箭射贼人,射中了他们的统帅,落马而死。叛贼失势了,接着全都逃跑了。项城的人没有伤亡。

参考译文(江西卷)

郑国人到乡校休闲聚会,议论执政者施政措施的好坏。郑国大夫然明对子产说:“把乡校毁了,怎么样?”子产说:“为什么毁掉?人们早晚干完活儿回来到这里聚一下,议论一下施政措施的好坏。他们喜欢的,我们就推行;他们讨厌的,我们就改正。这是我们的老师。为什么要毁掉它呢?我听说尽力做好事以减少怨恨,没听说过依权仗势来防止怨恨。难道很快制止这些议论不容易吗?然而那样做就像堵塞河流一样:河水大决口造成的损害,伤害的人必然很多,我是挽救不了的;不如开个小口导流,不如我们听取这些议论后把它当作治病的良药。”

(郑国的上卿)子皮想让尹何掌管(他自己的)封地(邑)。子产说:“(他太)年轻,不一定行。”子皮说:“(他很)善良,我喜欢他,不会背叛我的。让他去学着治理,他也就更加懂得治理了。”子产说:“不行!人要爱护(一个)人,是要(做)利于他(的事)。如今您爱护(一个)人就让他从政,(这就)犹如还不会拿刀就让他切割,他(将受)的伤肯定很多。您爱人,以伤害他为结果,那谁还敢企求受到您的爱护啊?您有美好的绸缎,不会让人学着做衣服;大的官职、大的封地,身家所托付的东西啊,却让学习的人去治理,那不是为美好的绸缎着想得(比官职、封地)更多吗?(我)侨听说的是(先)学习然后主政,没听说过用执政来学习的啊。如果一定这么做,必定有所损害。

范宣子当权,诸侯向晋国贡献的负担很沉重。郑国的人把这事看作忧患。二月,郑国国君往晋国,子产(公孙侨,字子产,郑国大夫)委托书信给子西(子西随郑伯如晋),带给范宣子,信上说:“您为政于晋国,四邻诸侯没听说(您的)的美德,却听说(向诸侯索取的)贡纳很重,我呢,对此很不理解。我听说君子掌管国家的,不是担忧没有财物,而是担忧没有好名声。好名声,是载德以行的车子;德行,是国家的根基。有基础就不致毁坏,为什么不致力于此呢?(在位者)有美德就能与大家共同享乐,众人快乐就能统治长久。范宣子很高兴,于是减轻了诸侯的进贡。

子产让城市和乡村有所区别,上下尊卑各有职责,土地四界有水沟、庐舍和耕地能互相适应。对卿大夫中忠诚俭朴的,听从他,亲近他;骄傲奢侈的,依法惩办。子产参与政事一年,人们歌唱道:“计算我的家产而收财物税,丈量我的耕地而征收田税。谁杀死子产,我就助他一臂之力。”到了三年,又歌唱道:“我有子弟,子产教诲;我有土地,子产栽培。子产死了,谁来继位?”

都是疑问句。

彼且奚适也 ——你要到哪里去哪?

奚以知其然也——怎麽样知道这个道理呢?何以知道是这样的呢?

第四篇:高考应用文备考句式

高考应用文必背套句

一、感谢信

1.我写信想向你表达我对你的感激之情,因为在你的帮助下,我英语取得了很大进步。I'm writing to extend/express/convey my gratitude to you because with your help I have made much progress in English.2.多亏了你的慷慨帮助,否则我将一事无成。

Thanks to your generous help, or I could have gone nowhere.3.没有你的帮助,我不可能取得这么大的进步。

If it hadn't been for your assistance, I wouldn't have made much progress.4.是你慷慨的帮助让我得到这个好机会。

It is your generous help that enables me to obtain this splendid opportunity.5.是你的好客和帮助让我的旅行变得很有意义和收获。

It was your hospitality and great help that made my journey fruitful and worthwhile.6.希望你方便的时候能到中国来玩。

I really hope you can come to China for a visit when it is convenient for you.7.对于你的关心与付出,我再次表达真挚的感谢,并永生难忘。

Thanks again.Please accept my sincere thanks for your caring and efforts, which I will never forget.二、道歉信

1.之前答应你下周末一起去北京玩,很抱歉,现在我去不了了。

I'm sorry that I failed to go on a trip to Beijing with you and I'm writing to apologize to you for breaking my promise.2.我希望你能接受我的道歉。请允许我另定时间带你参观北京,我将不胜感激。

I really hope that you can accept my apologies and understand me.I would appreciate it if you allow me to fix another time to show you around some places of interest in Beijing.3.为了避免误会,我想请你吃饭并当面向你解释。

In order to prevent/avoid/ remove misunderstanding, I would like to have you for dinner and explain to you face to face.4.再次,为我造成的不便向你道歉,希望你能接受我真诚的歉意。

Once again,I'm sorry for any inconvenience I've caused.Hope you can accept my sincerest and deepest apologies and forgive me for my fault.三、投诉信

1.我写信向你投诉有关上个月我在你家店买的手机的问题。

I’m writing to express my dissatisfaction about the mobile phone I bought last month in your store.2.我是你的一个顾客。我想投诉你店里一个服务员的不礼貌而且粗鲁的行为。

I am one of your customers.I’m writing to complain about one of your waiters’ improper and rude behaviors.3.我对……不满意有一些主要原因。首先,……更糟糕的是,……最后,……

There are some main reasons why I am not content with…First, … What’s worse, … Eventually, … 4.我真诚地希望你能认真调查这件事情,以及采取恰当的措施防止类似事件再次发生。

I sincerely hope that you will look into/investigate the matter/incident seriously and proper measures should be taken to prevent such an incident happening again.5.你若能尽快采取措施处理这个问题,我将感激不尽。

I would appreciate it very much if you could take measures to deal with/solve the problem as soon as possible.四、祝贺信

1.我写信祝贺你在英语口语比赛中获得第一名。

I am writing to congratulate you on your winning the first prize in the English Speaking Competition./I am writing to express my sincerest congratulations(to you)on...2.得知你多年的努力有了回报,我是多么高兴啊!

How happy I am to hear that many years of your efforts have paid off!3.你取得成功,我一点也不奇怪。

It came as no surprise to me that you finally succeeded.4.我确信正是你的努力使你成功。

I know for sure that it is your hard work that leads to your success.5.你的成功给了我极大的鼓舞。

Your success has greatly encouraged me to study harder.6.你能告诉我怎样提高口语吗?你的经历将对我的学习有很大的帮助。

Could you share with me how you improve your spoken English? Your experience will be of great help to me in learning.7.祝你在学习和工作上有更大的成功。

I wish you greater success in your studies and work.五、求助信

1.我很难用合适的英语单词表达我的想法,所以我写信向你求助。

I have some trouble in using proper English words to express my thoughts, so I'm writing to you to seek some help.2.不知道你是否能给我一些建议。I wonder if you could give me some advice.3.但不幸的是,我发现很难适应新环境。

Unfortunately, I find it quite difficult to adapt to a new environment.4.面对这些问题,我感到十分恐惧与焦虑,希望你能帮我。

Facing these problems, I'm seized with fear and anxiety and I hope that you will be kind enough to help me.5.我相信你的任何建议都会帮到我。

I'm sure that any advice will be a big help to me.6.如你能及时回复,我将感激不尽。

Your kind early reply would be greatly appreciated.六、建议信

1.得知你英语学习有困难,我写信给你一些这方面的建议。

knowing that you are having some difficulty in learning English, I'm writing to share with you some advice concerning the problem.2.以下是给你的一些建议来改变这个处境。

Here are some suggestions for you to change the situation.3.首先,我建议你每天读英语书。

To begin with, I suggest that you should read English books every day.4.其次,每天用英语写日记难道不是一个很好的选择吗?

In addition to that, wouldn't it be a good idea to keep a diary in English? 5.我希望我的建议对你有用。

I sincerely hope my advice will be of some help to you.I hope you will find these proposals/suggestions/ helpful/useful.七、安慰信

1.听说你出了事故,伤了左腿,我很难过。

It was a great shock to hear that an accident happened to you and you had your left leg injured./ I can't tell you how sorry I felt when I heard that...2.事实上每个人都会经历一些糟糕的事。

The truth is that everyone may have one of those terrible experiences.3.最重要的是改变态度,对未来乐观。

The most important thing is to change your attitude and remain optimistic about your future.4.如果需要帮助,请告诉我。

If I can be of any help, please don't hesitate to let me know./ If you want me to do anything, don't hesitate to let me know./I shall be delighted if I can do anything for you.5.希望时间能带走你的伤痛。

I hope that time will take away your sorrow.6.希望你尽快振作起来。记住,我的心和我的思想一直与你同在。

I hope you'll cheer up soon.Remember that my heart and my thoughts are with you.八、通知

1.Good afternoon, everyone.May I have your attention, please!(口头通知)2.我校定于下周五晚上6:00至8:00举行新年晚会。

Our school is scheduled to hold a New Year party from 6:00 p.m to 8:00 p.m next Friday./

A New Year Party is to be held in our school from 6:00 p.m to 8:00 p.m next Friday.3.活动旨在让我们更好地了解中国文化。

The activity is intended to enable us to have a better understanding of Chinese culture./

The activity aims(力求)to enable us..../ With the aim of enabling us to have....,(our school is to hold the activity...)

4.会议通知:时间(2018年4月5日 晚上7点)地点(3号楼103房间)

A meeting is going to be held in Room 103 of Building 3 at 7:00 on the evening of April 5, 2018./ 5.参加演讲比赛的同学请在5月25号前到学生会办公室报名。

Those who want to take part in the English-speaking contest are required to sign up for it at the Students’ Union office before May 25th.(书面通知)

Please sign your name at the Students’ Union office before May 25th if you want to take part in the English-speaking contest.(口头通知)6.要求所有的学生出席这次报告。

All the students are required to attend the lecture./ All the students are expected to....7.欢迎所有的人参加这次活动

Every one of us is welcome(to take part in the activity).8.请准时参加。

Please attend it on time./ Please be present on time.九、邀请信

1.我写信诚邀你参加我校组织的一次活动。

I'm writing to warmly invite you to participate in an activity organized by our school.2.知道你对中国文化感兴趣,我想邀请你和我一起看展览。

Knowing that you show great interest in Chinese culture, I'd like to invite you to attend the exhibition with me.3.我肯定你会感兴趣的,因为你一直对运动有热情。因此,我想邀请你加入球队。

I'm sure it will appeal to you, for you have been enthusiastic about sports.Therefore, I'd like to invite you to join the team.4.活动细节如下:

Here are some details about this activity./ Some details about this activity are as follows.5.活动将于6月21下午2:00到500:在校大厅举行。

The activity will take place in the school hall from 2 to 5 on the afternoon of June 21.6.我真的希望你有空参加这次郊游,因为东湖是一个好玩的地方,我们肯定会玩得很开心。I do hope that you are available for this trip, for East Lake is such a fun place for people to enjoy themselves and surely we will have a great time there.7.我相信旅行时少不了会感到兴奋与愉快。

I'm fully convinced that there will be no shortage of excitement as well as enjoyment during the trip.8.我们真诚希望你能够参加。

We sincerely hope you can attend it.9.如能尽早答复,我们将不胜感激。

Your reply at the earliest convenience will be highly appreciated.10.你的参加肯定会给我们的晚会增色,我们大家盼望着你的加入。

Your participation can surely add color to the party and we are all looking forward to your involvement.十、倡议书

1.作为高中生,告诉身边的每一个人节约用水是我们的责任。

As high school students, it's our duty to tell everyone around us to save water.2.我叫李华,是校学生会主席,我想大家注意环境保护的重要性。

I am Li Hua, chairman of the Student Union.I'd like to call your attention to the importance of protecting our environment.3.为了帮助地震灾区的孩子,学校号召我们捐钱或衣物。

In order to.../ With the aim of.../ For the purpose of helping the children in the earthquake-stricken area , our school calls on us to donate clothes or money.4.我希望我们有限的力量能够帮助那些需要的人。

I hope our limited effort will make a difference to those in need.5.我非常支持这个活动,因为它非常有用而且有意义。

I'm strongly for the activity because it is very meaningful and helpful.6.让我们从现在开始每天努力一点点,抓紧每一天、每一小时、每一分钟。

Let's start right now and spare no effort to do a little every day, every hour and every minute.6.让我们携手,立即行动。

Let's join our hands and take action immediately.十一、申请信

1.我在报纸上看到你公司在招聘一名秘书。我非常感兴趣,我想申请这个工作。

I have read in the newspaper that a secretary is wanted in your company.I'm so interested in this position that I'm writing to apply for it.2.我认为我适合这个岗位

I think I'm qualified/fit for the position.3.而且,我非常熟悉西方文化。

What's more, I am well familiar with the western culture.4.我很想得到这个宝贵的机会,因为通过提供服务,我不但能增强在公众场合说英语的自 信心,而且能提高组织能力与沟通能力。

I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because, by offering my service, not only will I increase my confidence in speaking in public, but also improve my organization ability and communication skills.5.我肯定我不会辜负你的期望。如果你能考虑我,我将非常感谢。

I am sure that I can perfectly live up to your expectations.I will be grateful if you could give me

akind consideration.6.我希望我能够成为你们的一员。

I hope I can be accepted as a member of your company.7.在你方便的时候给我一个回复,我会非常感激的。

I will greatly appreciate a respond from you at your earliest convenience.十二、请假条.很抱歉我今天不能上您的英语课。

I'm terribly/ extremely/ really sorry to tell you that I can't attend your English classes today.2.我想知道我能否请个事假,时间是周二到周五。

I would like to know if I could apply for a personal leave of absence from Tuesday to Friday.(ask for a leave of absence from...)

3.由于严重头痛,我将不能够参加晚会/会议。

Owing to/ On account of/ Because of a severe headache, I will be unable to attend the party/meeting.4.对于我休假所带来的不便,深表歉意.I apologize for the inconvenience that my absence from work may cause.5.我答应尽快地补上我该做的工作。

I promise to make up the duty as soon as I get back from leave.6.如果你能准假,我将不胜感激。

I would appreciate it if you could approve my request./ I would be very grateful if you grant me my leave./ Your kind permission will be greatly appreciated.

第五篇:2014年高考文言文翻译题中的热点句式类析

高考文言文翻译题中的热点句式类析

近年来,文言文特殊句式,高考一般不单独设题,考查往往融合在句子翻译题中,但忽略了特殊句式,往往会在句意理解、翻译中出现“黑障”。下面结合2011年高考文言文翻译题中出现的热点句式作点分析。

一、省略句

文言文句式中,省略句是考试的热点句式。2011年,全国17套试卷36道翻译题,其中,全国新课标卷2道、全国大纲卷2道、天津卷3道、重庆卷2道、山东卷3道、广东卷2道、江苏卷3道、福建卷2道、安徽卷2道、浙江卷2道、四川卷2道、湖南卷3道、湖北卷3道、辽宁卷2道、江西卷3道等15张试卷考查了省略句。这就给我们一个启示,省略句不可忽视。省略句主要有省主语、省谓语、省宾语、省介词等形式。

1、省主语

如:①一日,携褚币谐富家易谷种。(四川卷11题)

这里主语“吕徽之”承上文省略。译文:一天,(吕徽之)带上纸币到富人家买谷种。②观其命亭之意,亦足以少见其为人矣。(福建卷5题)

这里“观其命亭之意”,主语“我”省略。译文:(我)体察李维肃给新亭命名的用意,也能据(此)约略看出他的为人。

③身居前行,命士持满无得发。(江苏卷8题)

这里的“身居前行”,主语“陈公弼”省略。译文:(陈公弼)亲自处在队伍的前列,命令士兵把弓箭拉满但不要射出

④并请文人历叙其事,洵奇男子也。(广东卷9题)

这里“并请文人历叙其事”,主语“罗提督)省略。译文:(罗提督)还邀请读书人详细地记载他(做贼)的事情,确实是个异乎寻常的男子汉啊。

2、省谓语

谓语是句子中的核心,正常情况下,句子是不能没有谓语的。若补不出,则无法译出句子“大意”。

如:①君若将欲霸王、举大事乎?则必从其本事矣。(山东卷13题)

这里“则必从其本事矣”中的“本事”后省略谓语“做起”。译文:国君你想要称霸诸侯成就大事吗,那么就一定要从它根本的事情做起。

②毁淫祠数百区,勒巫为农者七十余家。(江苏卷8题)

“勒巫为农者七十余家”,即“勒巫为农者(有)七十余家”,省略谓语“有”译文:(陈公弼)拆毁几百处惑乱人心的祠堂,强制巫师务农的人(有)七十多家。

3、省宾语

省宾语的类型有两种,一是动词的宾语省略,而是介词的宾语省略。在2011年文言文翻译中两种类型都出现了,介词有“与”“使”“以”。如:

①公卿以下皆卑奉之,独汲黯与亢礼。(江西卷13题)

“独汲黯与亢礼”中“与”后承上文省略介词“与”的宾语“之”,完整句式为“独汲黯与(之)亢礼”。译文:唯独汲黯用平等的礼节对待卫青。

②灌至,乞入见,不许,而令控守西隅。(全国新课标卷7题)

“令”后省略宾语“之”。译文:何灌来到,请求入见,(皇上)不允许,而命令他把守西部边角。

③臣愿抚之,无使劳而生怨。隋监未远,不可不察。(浙江卷20题)

介词“使“后面省略宾语“之”。翻译:我愿意去安抚他们,不要使(他们)因劳累而产生怨愤。隋朝的教训离今天不远,(我们)不能不省察。

④孝文皇帝去坟,以俭安神,可以为则。(湖北卷13题)

介词“以“后面省略宾语“之”。译文:孝文皇帝放弃了筑坟的礼节而简单地埋葬,用节俭安定神明,可以把这作为准则。

4.省介词

介词在句中常常省略,这样的介词有“以”“于”。在2011年翻译题中仅出现省略介词“于”的。如:

公募善泅者,持利锯匿上流水中。(广东卷9题)

这里动词“匿”后面省略了介词“于”,表示动作行为(方式)发生的处所,可译为“在”。译文:罗提督招募善于游泳的人,(让他们)拿着锋利的锯子隐藏(在)上游的江水中。

5.省关联词语

如:①然好兴功役,多所改更,议者颇嗤其不切事也。(辽宁卷7题)

这里“然好兴功役,多所改更”中,“然好兴功役”、“多所改更”之前分别省略了“既”和“且”。关联词语“既„„且„„”,相当于现代汉语中的“既„„又„„”,译文:然而既喜爱大兴工程劳役,又多有变动,评论的人都讥笑他不切合实情。

②以数切谏,不得留内,迁为东海太守。(江西卷13题)

这里“以数切谏,不得留内”中,“不得留内”前省略了“故”。关联词语“以„„故„„”,相当于现代汉语中的“因为„„所以„„”,译文:他多次强硬进谏,(所以)不能够留在朝庭内任职,被贬为东海太守。

③此辈迫饥寒为盗,抚之甚易,迫即走楚壤藉寇而。(重庆卷11题)

这里“迫即走楚壤藉寇而”中省略了假设连词“若”,可译为“倘若”“假使”如果“之类。译文:这些人是为饥寒所迫沦为盗贼的,安抚他们很容易,(如果)威逼,(就)会使他们跑到楚地去依靠强盗了。

二、倒装句

这是相对于现代汉语而言的。文言文句子的语序变化,常见的有四种:宾语前置、定语后置、介词结构后置(状语后置)、主语后置。2011年高考考查了宾语前置和介词结构后置(状语前置)两种。

⒈宾语前置句

如:一日,携褚币谐富家易谷种,值大雪,立门下,人弗之顾。(四川卷11题)

这个文言句子中的“人弗之顾”是“人弗顾之”的宾语前置句式,这种宾语前置为“否定句中,代词作动词的宾语要前置的类型”。译文:一天,(吕徽之)带上纸币到富人家买谷种,正遇大雪,站在门口,(那家)人不理睬他。

⒉介词结构后置

如:勿惧以罪,勿止以力。(山东卷13题)

译文:“勿止以力”中“止以力”是介词结构后置(状语后置),即“以力止”。译文:(治理百姓的人),不要用刑罚让百姓害怕,不要用强力阻止百姓。

三、被动句

被动句分为形式被动句和意念被动句两种类型。形式被动句常见的有五种形式:用介词“于”“受„„于„„”表被动,用“为”“为„„所„„”表被动,用“见”“见„„于„„”表被动,用介词“被”表被动,动词本身表被动的意念被动句。2011年高考没有考查形式被动,仅考了一例意念被动句。但我们在备考的过程中不能忽视这五种形式被动句,毕竟它们在考纲范围之内。这一例意念被动句例举如下。

此辈迫饥寒为盗,抚之甚易,迫即走楚壤藉寇而。(重庆卷11题)

“此辈迫饥寒为盗”句中的动词“迫”,表被动。译文:这些人是为饥寒所迫沦为盗贼的,安抚他们很容易,如果威逼,就会使他们跑到楚地去依靠强盗了。

四、固定结构

如:治中策蹇驴,时犹布衣,见先生风神高简,问曰:“得非吕徽之乎?”(四川卷11)“得非吕徽之乎?”中的“得非„„乎?是固定结构,表示对某种情况的推测,译为“恐怕„„吧”“莫不是„„吧?”译文:陈治中骑着跛驴,当时还是平民,看到吕先生风采神韵高洁简淡,就问道:“莫不是吕先生吧?”

五、疑问句式

可分两种形式:用疑问代词(曷、胡、安、孰、谁、何、焉等)提出问题,用疑问语气词(欤、耶、乎、哉等)提出问题。2011年高考既考查了用疑问代词的疑问句式,又考查了用疑问语气词疑问句式。如:

①若子才,无流不可,焉用赠?(浙江卷20题)

用疑问代词“焉”提问,译为“哪里”。译文:至于你的才华,没有什么不能干好的,哪里需用赠物(的方式来警策)?

②君若将欲霸王、举大事乎?则必从其本事矣。(山东卷13题)

用疑问语气词“乎”提出问题,译为“哪里”。译文:国君你想要称霸诸侯成就大事吗,那么就一定要从它根本的事情做起。

③吾为子新其亭,而更题曰“一柱”,可乎?(福建卷5题)

句中“可乎”表反问语气,译为“可以吗?”译文:我为你新修那座这亭子,并重新命名为“一柱”,可以吗?

今年的翻译题型并未涉及到判断句式,但在其他题型中涉及到了,如福建卷第3题“下列句子陈述的内容与‘新修一柱峰亭’有直接关系的一组是”中的备选题干“府判李侯维肃,某故人也”。可以预测,2012年高考文言文翻译题,就句式而言,省略句、被动句、宾语前置句、固定句式、疑问句式等仍将是考查的热点,判断句、被动句也应该作为重要的内容来备考。

下载上海市格致中学高考翻译句式word格式文档
下载上海市格致中学高考翻译句式.doc
将本文档下载到自己电脑,方便修改和收藏,请勿使用迅雷等下载。
点此处下载文档

文档为doc格式


声明:本文内容由互联网用户自发贡献自行上传,本网站不拥有所有权,未作人工编辑处理,也不承担相关法律责任。如果您发现有涉嫌版权的内容,欢迎发送邮件至:645879355@qq.com 进行举报,并提供相关证据,工作人员会在5个工作日内联系你,一经查实,本站将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容。

相关范文推荐

    上海市房地产买卖合同翻译

    Shanghai Residential Real Estate Sales and Purchase Contract(Number of the contract: 11111111)Set person of the real estate sales and purchase contract: The Sel......

    高考英语作文满分句式

    一、改变时态 例:The bell is ringing now. 一般 There goes the bell.特殊 二、改变语态 例: People suggest that the conference be put off.一般 It is suggested that......

    高考英语作文潜力句式

    高考英语作文10个具有满分潜力句式 一、改变时态例:The bell is ringing now. 一般There goes the bell.特殊 二、改变语态例: People suggest that the conference be put......

    高考英语作文句式练习

    高考英语作文句式练习1、 这位科学家发明了一种新药。 2、 这种药对心脏病有好处。/这种药可用来治疗心脏病。 3、 我们学校将要在下一周举行一次演讲比赛。 4、 获得一等......

    高考文言文固定句式(教师版)

    高考文言文常见固定结构(15例)(教师版) 一、“以为”、“以„„为” 文言中的“以为”,可以作为一个双音节词,和现代汉语的动词“以为”、“认为” 相当。如: 而陋者乃以斧斤考......

    高考文言文句式讲解教案

    2009届高考文言文句式讲解教案 前言 《语文课程标准》中“理解与现代汉语不同的句式和用法”这一考点在近几年高考中虽未单独设题,但其知识点遍布文章,阅读理解时许多句子涉及......

    高考文言文句式翻译专项练习及答案1[五篇材料]

    高考文言文句式翻译专项练习及答案1 古文翻译表达题存在的问题: 1语言表达:简洁、准确。 2语境分析:尽量结合语境,整体把握。 翻译原则:字字落实(本题错误多表现为译错、译多、译......

    文言文句式及翻译练习精选

    文言文句式及翻译练习精选 判断句 1、所谓华山洞者,以其乃华山之阳名之也。2、和氏壁,天下所共传宝也。 3、一人之心,千万人之心也。 4、斯固百世之遇也。 5、即今之傫然在墓者......