高三开学摸底考试语言答案[大全]

第一篇：高三开学摸底考试语言答案[大全]

语文答案

一、[15年湖北卷]1．C 2．A 3．D

二、4．D [解析]“间”是“偷偷地”。

5．C [解析]A项中第一句是群丐感谢来懋斋先生的话，并非侠义的体现。B项中第二句体现的是先生才华出众，并非是说他的品行。D项中第二句是说由于群丐的帮助，来懋斋先生破获了重要案件，所以此句的阐述对象是群丐，而非来懋斋先生。

6．A [解析] 慷慨，文中是“胸怀大志”的意思，它在古文中没有“大方，不吝啬”的意思；原文第一段只讲了亲友碍于情面，表面上答应而心里不愿意，选项却说成“背弃”先生，言过其实。7．(1)①这是区区小事，有什么艰难？我们愿意为此尽力，用沿途乞讨得到的钱物，供给先生食用。②刚到达乡里，亲戚朋友问寒问暖表示庆贺的人很多，肩挨肩，脚跟脚。

(2)[答案] 所憎者有功必赏 / 所爱者有罪必罚 / 存善天下鳏寡孤独 / 振赡祸亡之家 / 其自奉也甚薄 / 其赋役也甚寡 / 故万民富乐而无饥寒之色

8、诗歌最后两句回忆二人当年赶考时“马死于二陵，骑驴至渑池”的坎坷经历（1分），或答“你还记得当时往渑池的崎岖旅程吗？——路又远，人又疲劳，驴子也累得直叫”），表达了作者对二人共同经历的怀念（2分）；暗示弟弟，我们曾经经历过不少的坎坷艰难，但我们都战胜了，走过了，如今只须放眼将来，鞭策自己奋发向前（2分，或答“表达了作者面对未来乐观、豁达的情怀”）。

9、①前两联用比喻说理，诗人把人生比作“飞鸿踏雪泥”，鸿雁在飞行过程中偶一驻足雪上，留下印迹，但鸿飞雪化，很快就了无踪迹；人生也是行无定踪，充满了偶然和未知，就如飞鸿落在雪面上留下的爪迹，你不能凭借这偶尔为之的爪迹，而推断鸿飞何处。（或答：人的一生中不知道有多少个偶然，际遇就像雪泥飞鸿，转瞬间已了无痕迹，难以追寻。）

②第三联借事明理，用路过渑池县所看到的人事变化来说明事物的消亡乃自然规律，人生中偶然留下的痕迹也很快不复存在，因此不必过分在意。

③运用对比（今昔对比）说理。曾经留宿的渑池寺舍人物已非，诗人以寺舍的今昔变化说明世事变化乃自然之理；兄弟二人的境况也今非昔比，昔日兄弟二人赶考路途的艰辛，与如今二人高中进士、前途光明形成对比，暗含困难终会过去，只须放眼将来，奋发向前之意。（6分；答出一种说理方法给3分，答出任意两种、意思对即可；如答其他说理方法，只要言之成理也可酌情给分）

三、10.略

四、实用类阅读（25分）

12．(1)（5分）答B给3分。答E给2分。答C给1分。答A、D不给分。（C项说法不完整，只是一方面的原因；A项“建立了一批实验室和一个图书馆”是在上海物理研究所时的事迹；D项“题材上并无特色”语过绝对，“善于用夸张丰富剧情”与原文不符）

(2)（6分）①从人物身份上看，丁西林是物理学家，从事戏剧创作是业余身份；（2分）②从作品上看，艺术上成熟，与流行的社会“问题剧”不同，风格轻松、幽默、含蓄；（2分）③从后世影响上看，他是当时为数不多的喜剧作家之一，执著于独幕剧创作的艺术实验，在中国话剧史上意义独特。（2分）

(3)（6分）①从平常小事中发现与挖掘喜剧因子，刻画深入细致；（2分）②通过破坏生活中正常的承接与因果，产生独特的喜剧效果；（2分）③对人物态度有着科学客观冷静的处世态度，悲悯大于愤激，具有独特的幽默品格。（2分）

(4)（8分）①事迹：丁西林一生在科学研究、文学创作、文化交流等多个领域有所建树； 启示：应使自己的潜在才能、个性获得全面发展和实现。

②事迹：丁西林不仅关注自然，还关注生活、人生，善于将不同学科融会贯通； 启示：人生关注的对象不局限自己的专业，关心人类一般事务。③事迹：丁西林的戏剧融入了科学训练培养的思维，创作风格独特； 启示：将科学的理性思维或人文的感性思维向不同领域运用，开拓创新。

④事迹：丁西林常年的科学研究形成客观理性的处世态度，故而剧作品格不俗，引人深思，让人会

心一笑。

启示：用科学的客观理性和人文的良知热忱关照人生世态，才能获得更丰富的人生感受。（每点2分，其中概括材料1分，启示1分。）

12、D 泥沙俱下：泥土和沙石跟着水一起流了下来。比喻好坏不同的人或事物混杂在一起，一同显现出来。

13、A（B项语序不当，应改为“如何培养这些青少年对滑雪运动的兴趣，年从而引导有运动天赋的青少年热爱并且投身于滑雪运动”，C语序不当。应为“国家大剧院宣布将精心策划并承办31场演出”。D结构混乱。应为“这类形象会引起人们深深的思索”。）

14、B

15.（全国卷二）①阅读分为记忆型阅读和批判型阅读。②记住死板的书本知识 ③通过想象力来形成有针对性的问题

[参考译文]来懋斋先生，家里极为贫穷，但是胸怀大志，有过人的节操。参加乡试后，登举人榜。打算赴京参加礼部的进士考试，然而盘缠不足。乡里习俗，按照旧例凡是有人临时缺少盘缠的，可以召集七八个亲友，(让他们)每个人各向发起人出一份钱，由发起人为每人立约签字，大家付给资金。事情结束后再一个个还给大家，乡里人把它叫作“打会”。不久，来懋斋先生说：“不如成立一个会来筹集盘缠。”于是他连续好几天奔走于亲朋故友的家门，才得到了七八个人的认可。然而都是因为碍于情面不能推辞的，勉强表面答应而心里却并不愿意。到了那一天，来懋斋先生黎明就起来了，洒扫庭阶，备好酒菜，恭候大家光临。谁知到了傍晚，也没有一个亲朋好友来到他家里立约。

这时有一群乞丐路过他家，看见先生家里摆放着杯盘，认为一定有喜事。于是都聚集在门外，争着想得到吃剩的饭菜。这时候，先生的饥饿感和愤恨之情交织在一起，于是出门对这群乞丐说：“我在这里设宴摆下酒席，其实是因为礼部的考试时间接近了，要赴京师但是没有盘缠，想借助宴请亲朋好友的集会来筹集资金，解决燃眉之急。怎知亲朋好友都负约，今天都食言了，以致我的酒菜都成了摆设。既然如此，与其让鱼肉腐烂，不如大家一起吃个痛快。大家来就座，我作为东道主，请大家开怀畅饮。”于是这群乞丐进屋喝酒吃肉，饭饱之后，不一会儿他们对先生说：“我们是小人，承蒙先生赏赐酒食，这本来已经是非分之想了。我们今天想问一下，从这里到京师需要多少银两？”先生说：“只要使(我)在路上不挨饿，能平安抵达京师就行了。”他们应声回答说：“这是区区小事，有什么艰难？我们愿意为此尽力，用沿途乞讨得到的钱物，供给先生食用。”(一路上)旅馆的主人赞叹他们的义气并对他们的行为感到惊异，都多送给他们食物。到了京师以后，这群乞丐分头行乞，用行乞所得的钱财供给先生应试的费用。考试结束后，来懋斋先生果然中了礼部考试的进士，能够出京做某地的县令，按照惯例回乡省亲。这群乞丐也敦促他回去。

刚到达乡里，亲戚朋友问寒问暖表示庆贺的人很多，肩挨肩，脚跟脚。先生也是用很平常的态度对待他们。然而过了几天将要去上任时，乞丐们想跟着他到上任之地。先生担心有不合适的地方，又担心会背弃先前的情分。正在犹豫的时候，有精明的人似乎早就窥察到了先生的想法，就说：“先生做官，自己做自己的官；我们行乞，自己乞讨自己的。只要有能够尽犬马之劳的地方，我们愿意尽余生之力帮助您。至于其他生活方面的事情，我们绝对不敢玷污先生，况且那样做也是我们自己玷污自己啊。请不要再三考虑了，先生以为怎么样？”

(这群乞丐随先生)抵达任所之后，都到各处去行乞，只有在黄昏时分潜入官署向先生问安罢了。先生也随时资助他们，然而他们常常不接受。当时县里盗贼很多，乞丐们暗中侦探，因此先生能屡屡破获重要案件。等到颁发赏银时，榜文挂出几个月，最后也没有来认领的。而先生也因为政绩卓著而闻名，由上级举荐升为郡守了。先生本来是书生，对迎来送往的烦琐之事不耐烦，又淡薄于功名利禄，于是以双亲年迈为由请求还乡。(先生)辞官后，打算为乞丐们谋划点生计，他们竟然都避开他走了。先生每每向他人说起这些，就唏嘘落泪，感到非常遗憾。然而，这样的乞丐，可以称得上是丐侠了。

第二篇：开学英语摸底考试

开学英语摸底考试

班级_________姓名___________

一.把下列字母的大小写连在一起。(共10分)

AEIOUMQBRGombaergqiu

二．请写出下列字母大写。(共5分)

s_______t________y________c_________d________

三．请写出下列字母的小写。（共5分）

Z________V_________H________F________N_______

四.请按照字母排列顺序写出所缺字母的小写。（共10分）

a b c()e f()()i j k l()()o p q()s t()vw

()()()

五.连词成句。（共10分）

⑴.good, you , morning , to _____________________

⑵.my, Tom, name, is __________________

⑶.to, meet, nice, you __________________

⑷.what’s, in, English, this __________________

⑸.you, are, how _________________________

六.从下面所给选项中选出能回答以下问题的交际用语。（共10分）

⑴A: Good afternoon, class.B:______________

⑵A: Hello, Jim.How are you ? B:_________________ ⑶A: What’s your name ? B:______________ ⑷A: What’s this ? B:___________(5)Are you Lily?B: ___________

A.It’s “B”.B.Good afternoon, teacher.C.Fine, thank you.D.My name is Jim.E.Yes, I’m.七.圈出正确的单词。（共10分）

1.There(is/are)lots of chopsticks in the box.2.I want to(visit/visiting)the Great Wall.3.I don’t like football.So I(never/always)play it.4.(Do/Does)you have a pen ?

5.I live in(Chinese/China),and I speak Chinese.八.单项选择题。（共10分）1.-Do snakes like music ?-__________.A.Yes, they does.B.I don’t know.C.No.they do.2.-_______ does the tiger sleep ?-The tiger sleeps for fifteen hours a day.A.WhenB.How longC.How far 3.What_____ it say ? A.doB.doesC.are 4.She wants to ________ a teacher.A.doB.beC.make 5.Can I _____ to you ? A.writeB.writesC.wrote

九．阅读短文判断正误。正确的请写上（T），错误的请写上（F）。（共15分）

Today is Sunday.It is a fine day.The sky is blue.Mr White and his family are on a trip(在旅行).There are four people in his family.They are Mr White, Ms White, May and Jim.They are walking on the bridge.There are some boats on the river.Mr and Mrs White are looking at them.May is not looking at the boats.She is looking at a big ship.Jim is looking at birds in the sky.They have a good time.()1.Today is Sunday.()2.It’s cloudy day.()3.May is looking at a big ship.()4.Mr and Mrs White are looking at the boats.()5.Jim isn’t looking at the birds in the sky.十．阅读理解（共15分）

This is an English boy.His name is Tom.He is eleven.He is in No.1 Guangzhou School.He’s in Class 3, Grade 6.Ms Wu is his Chinese teacher.She is a nice woman.Li Ping is Tom’s friend.Li Ping is not here.He is at home.()1, The _____name is Tom.A.boy’sB.girl’s()2.Tom is in _______3,Grade 6.A.classB.Class()3.Ms Hu is a ______teacher.A.dancingB.English()4.His Chinese teacher is a ________

A.manB.girl()5.Li Ping is ________now.A.at schoolB.at home

C.woman’s C.No.C.ChineseC.womanC.at zoo

第三篇：宿迁市2013-2014学高三摸底考试：英语答案

高三英语调研试题答案

第一部分: 听力

1-5 CBBBA6-10 BBABC11-15 BCAAB16-20 ACACA

第二部分：英语知识运用

第一节：单项填空

21-25 ADBBC26-30 ADCBD31-35 ADBBD

第二节 完形填空

36-40 CADBC41-45 BCDBC46-50 DABCA51-55 ADBDA

第三部分：阅读理解

56-58 ADA59-62 DCBC63-66 CCBB67-70 AACD

第四部分：任务型阅读

71.introduction72.arrange/start73.purpose/ goals/ aims74.happily

75.devoted/ dedicated76.participating/ joining77.summarize

78.Promote79.interest80.enjoy

第五部分书面表达

One possible version:

With the rapid development of society and economy, traffic is becoming more of a problem in cities.As is vividly shown in the picture, huge numbers of vehicles get stuck on the road, bringing travelers a lot of inconvenience.Many reasons account for this phenomenon.To begin with, due to economic boom, the number of private cars has been increasing than expected.Thus, they prefer to drive when going out.At the same time,the city traffic system still remains unimproved, unable to cater to the need.Travelers’ ignorance of traffic rules is also a contributing factor.Personally, effective measures must be taken to address the problem.It can be a good idea to encourage taking public transport instead of driving, especially in rush hours.Additionally, the city traffic infrastructure can be improved , such as widening the narrow streets.Last but not least, those on the roads should strictly obey the traffic rules.Only by these means can traffic jams be eased.(154)

作文评分标准:

1.本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。

2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次 的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。

3.词数少于130和多于 170的，从总分中减去2分。原因分析三条每条3分。建议每条3分。

4.评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。

5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影 响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写汉词汇用法均可接受。

6.如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。

7.内容要点可用不同方式表达，对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。

【英语作文评分标准--各档次的给分范围和要求】

第五档(很好)；(21-25分)

1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。

2.覆盖所有内容要点。

3.应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。

4.语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。

5.有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。

6.完全达到了预期的写作目的。

第四档(好)：(16-20分)

1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。

2.虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。

3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。

4.语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。

5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。

6.达到了预期的写作目的。

第三档(适当)：(11-15分)

1.基本完成了试题规定的任务。

2.虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。

3.应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。

4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。

5.应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯。

6.整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的。

第二档(较差)：(6-10分)

1.未恰当完成试题规定的任务。

2.漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。

3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。

4.有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。

5.较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。

6.信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

第一档(差)：(1-5分)

1.未完成试题规定的任务。

2.明显遗漏主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未理解试题要求。

3.语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。

4.较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。

5.缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。

6.信息未能传达给读者。

不得分：（0分）

未能传达给读者仟何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法

附：听力原稿

(Text 1)

W: The construction in front of our building has been going on for about two months now, and it’s driving me crazy!Plus, there’s no reason they need to start at seven o’clock in the morning.M: True enough.Let’s see what we can do about it.I’ll talk to them first thing in the morning.(Text 2)

W: John, you’ve been to Asia before, right?

M: Sure, lots of times.Are you thinking of taking a trip there?

W: Maybe.What places would you recommend?

(Text 3)

W: How is your book coming, Jason?

M: Uh, it’s okay.I talked to some soldiers about their experiences in the war.Now, I just have to organize my information and expand on their stories.(Text 4)

W: Did you hear that John passed the Step One United States Medical Licensing Examination?

M: Finally!It’s about time!

W: Yeah, he’s really happy.He invited us out for drinks tonight.(Text 5)

M: Could you get onto the couch and lie on your back, please? Now, I am going to take your left leg and see how far you can raise it.Keep the knee straight.Does that hurt at all?

W: Yes, just a little.M: Let me just call Dr.Bronson.(Text 6)

W: Are you going to vote on whether or not to close the cafeteria?

M: Yeah.I was going to vote this afternoon after my history class.W: Which option are you going to vote for?

M: I’m going to vote to close the cafeteria and open a barbecue grill on campus.W: You think those kinds of places are better than the cafeteria in the Student Center?

M: Sure.I like variety.So, the more food choices to select from, the better!I don’t like the food in the cafeteria.It’s too much like the food in my high school cafeteria.W: I don’t think the cafeteria food is that bad.M: Another reason I don’t like the cafeteria is that it’s always so crowded.I can never find a place to park my bike during lunch.(Text 7)

W: Excuse me, is this the baggage claim area from AM 231?

M: Yes, can I help you?

W: Well, this is my baggage claim tag.But I still can’t find my checked baggage.M: Don’t worry.I am sure it will come in a minute.The baggage checked in the first would come out later, for the porters put it in the airplane earlier than others.W: Thank you, but I am a little worried.M: How many pieces of luggage do you have? Can you describe them?

W: I have two suitcases and one bag.One is a large dark blue leather suitcase.Another one is a medium gray leather suitcase.Also, I have a light brown small bag.All of them have my name tag on them.(Text 8)

W: Hello, can I speak to Sam?

M: This is Sam speaking.W: Sam, this is Jane.Could you review the results of the survey on sporting activities again? We need to plan out our proposal for this Friday’s business meeting.M: Sure, Jane.I’ve summarized the results, broken down by consumer age groups and sporting activities.The survey was carried out among 550 men and women between the ages of 18 and 55, and the results have been organized in terms of the following age groups: 18 to 26, 27 to 35, 36 to 45, and 46 to 55.According to the results, the most active group is the 18-to-26 group, followed by people 36 to 45 years old.W: Okay.M: As far as particular sports are concerned, people in these two groups reported jogging as their favorite recreational sport, followed by skiing, tennis, swimming, and cycling.W: And what about these groups broken down by sex?

M: Oh, Jane, thanks for bringing that up.Men appear to be slightly more active than women in the 18-to-26-year-old age group, but women seem more active in the other three groups.W: Hmm.Based on what you have said, I think we should consider targeting the 18-to-26-year-old age group in the future.M: I agree with you.(Text 9)

M: I heard from my friend that you have a lot of classic guitars here.I love guitars, and I am a big music fan.Do you think that you could show me some of your more special pieces?

W: Sure!We have a large number of old guitars.Most of them are Fenders, and almost all of them were guitars that the great guitar players liked to use.For example, we have the guitar that Jimi Hendrix played in the 1970s.M: Jimi Hendrix was okay, but I’m really more of a Jimmy Page fan.Do you have any of his old guitars?

W: Yes, we do.We have the Fender that he played at his famous 1975 show in Chicago.It’s priced a little higher than our other guitars, though, because he signed the back of it.M: Wow.That is absolutely amazing.There’s no price you can put on something like that.A real fan would pay anything just to have that.W: Well, would you like to take it home, sir?

M: Not this time, thank you.I came by your shop because I was curious about your classic guitars.But now that I am here, I think I will buy a small guitar for my nephew to learn to play.Do you have anything like that here?

W: Certainly, I’ll be happy to show you that now, if you’d like.If you ever have any other questions about our collection of classic guitars, please feel free to visit our website or come by the shop any time.(Text 10)

W: Dr.Wallace, could you tell me something about health insurance in America, please?

M: Certainly.Most universities and colleges in the United States have a health insurance plan for international students.It generally costs around $300 a year now.You may think it is a waste of money, but if you have even a small medical problem, the insurance will help you to pay the bills.So, you should take out a medical insurance policy when you arrive at the university.I am sure the International Students Office will help you with that.Private doctors are the standard form of medical care in America, but there are also college clinics, public and private clinics, etc.The quality of medical care can be very different at these different places, so it would be better if you ask an American friend for advice before going to see a doctor.Before you leave China, I suggest you have a check-up.If there is something wrong,you can have it taken care of in your own country.Don’t forget to take your personal and family health records abroad with you.They provide important and useful information if you need to go to the hospital.But remember to take good care of yourself.Don’t work too hard.

第四篇：盐城市2013届高三年级摸底考试英语答案

盐城市2013届高三年级摸底考试

英语试题参考答案

1-5 BABAC6-10 ABCCB

21-25 BBCBD26-30 ADCDC

36-40BCDAB41-45BADCB

56-58 DDB59-62 DACD

71.Steps / Measures / Ways

73.regularly

75.Install

77.safety

79.wear

11-15 ABCAB31-35 BCCBB 46-50 ACDAC 63-66 CDCB72.balance74.fall / slip 76.careful 78.whether 80.potential16-20 CCABC51-55 BDDAC 67-70 ABDD

How we can build up a harmonious family

A harmonious family is essential to our personal development and our physical and mental health.A harmonious family is always full of warmth, love and laughter.Parents and children love and show concern for each other.They also respect and understand each other.If a child grows up in a harmonious family, he is more likely to be cheerful and optimistic.Otherwise, he may be miserable and pessimistic.Meanwhile, parents in a harmonious family are sure to live happily and more healthily.Since a harmonious family plays a very important role in our life, it is up to every family member to contribute to the building of such a family.First of all, parents should be a role model for their children and pay more attention to their own words and behavior.Besides, they must trust their children and often communicate with them.As children of the family, we should also respect and understand our parents, and try to share their burdens.If we do so, our home will always be harmonious.（157W）

附：听力材料

Text 1

M: I get up at 6 o’clock in the morning.W: Really? That’s very early.I get up at half past seven, and have breakfast at 8 o’clock.M: I have breakfast at a quarter to seven and go to work at a quarter past seven.Text 2

M: Wow!Listen to this.In January the Ice Hotel opened in Canada’s coldest city.The hotel is built of ice and snow.But who would like to stay in such cold rooms?

W: No idea, but it says here 1500 guests have already stayed there—three times more than they expected.Text 3

M: God, I’m glad that’s over.W: So you don’t like it? It’s based on a novel written by a famous writer.M: No, I think the story, the dialogue and the whole thing about the war are hard to understand.W: But the leading actor is my favorite.Text 4

W: Did you see the book that was just here on the chair?

M: No, I didn’t.But there’s a book on the dinning room table.W: No.That’s not the one I’m looking for.I want the one with a red cover.M: Oh, I just saw it on the sofa.Text 5

M: Sarah, who’s calling?

W: My mom.She wondered why I didn’t go home on Christmas, and asked if I was busy.高三英语答案

M: Did you tell her the truth that you were seriously ill?

W: No.I lied that I went to London for a meeting.Text 6

W: Come on, you are falling behind!

M: Wow, I can’t catch my breath.You are running too fast, honey.W: You just need more exercise.M: Yes, but you need to slow down.This is running, not jogging.W: I don’t care.I want to burn some fat.M: But running so fast is not good for people in their forties.W: Why?

M: We are not as strong as when we were young.Mild exercise is more suitable for us.W: But I want to burn more calories!

M: In fact, in order to burn fat, you must take it slowly for a longer time.W: Really? I will slow down then.M: That’s right, honey.Oh, you don’t need to be as slow as a tortoise.W: I don’t care anymore.Text 7

M: Have you finished Michael’s resume yet?

W: Yeah, I have just read through it.M: Has he ever worked on a newspaper before?

W: No, not exactly, but he used to edit a magazine when he was in college.M: Well, that’s close.And what did he do after his graduation?

W: Well, as soon as he finished college, he went to Thailand.M: Oh, really? What did he do there?

W: He taught English for 2 years in a volunteer group and while he was teaching there he wrote some really fine articles.M: Hmm, what’s he been doing since then?

W: He’s been working as a journalist for the past 4 years.M: That sounds pretty good.Maybe he’s our man.Text 8

M: Excuse me, would you mind answering a few questions for London South FM?

W: Excuse me? Can you speak a little more slowly, please?

M: Sorry.Can I ask you a few questions for the radio?

W: Yeah, of course.M: How long have you been waiting here?

W: I have been waiting here since a quarter past eight this morning.I didn’t know there was a long queue.M: You must be a real tennis fan!

W: Ah, so-so.I am a student of English.I have been in London for four weeks, and tomorrow I must go back to Berlin in Germany, and I thought it was a good idea to come to Wimbledon before I go back to Germany.M: Do you think you’ll get in?

W: No, I don’t think so.It has been raining since half past one.I am wet and cold and I am hungry, and there are many, many people in front of me in the queue.Text 9

M: We had the best time that summer, didn’t we?

W: Yes, I think that was the best mountain climbing expedition I ever did.It was frightening but exciting.M: Who was the leader that time?

W: It was a man called John.I remember he was very tall with blond hair and bright blue eyes.He saved our lives.M: That’s right.Was it June or July we went?

W: It was definitely June because it was at the same time as my birthday.M: Yes, it was so hot, wasn’t it? It’s said that’s what caused the problem.W: Yes, he said it melted the snow.Then large pieces of ice began to fall.I remember looking up and seeing all that snow coming down the mountain towards me.M: Yes, it was incredible.I didn’t really feel it was dangerous.But a moment later we were under the snow.Text 10

Now about the news.An early morning fire damaged the historic Gallad House today.It destroyed the third floor of the building but firefighters saved the first and the second floors.There were only a few elderly people living in the building at the time and they were carried out to safety.The Gallad House was built in 1718 and was used as a hotel for over 150 years.George Washington stayed here in 1782.The Gallad family owned the building until 1930’s.Then they sold it to the Muss family.Five years ago it was made into a building for the elderly.Several fire departments were called to the scene.When we asked Fire Chief Andrew Bond how the fire started, he answered that it was most likely that a burning cigarette caused it.Chief Bond promised to further examine the cause.

第五篇：2018-2019学年高三摸底考试历史试卷及答案

高三历史试卷

一、选择题（每小题2分，共25小题，共50分，每小题只有一个正确选项）

1.王国维在《殷周制度论》中谈及某项制度时说：“盖天下之大利莫如定，其大害莫如争。任天者定，任人者争；定之以天，争乃不生。”这一制度是（）A、宗法制

B、分封制

C、皇帝制

D、郡县制

2.某地洪水为患，消息上报朝廷后，皇帝一方面交待工部尽速抢修溃决的堤防，勿使水患继续扩大；另一方面责成户部尽速调度粮食，运往灾区，赈济灾民。幕僚根据皇帝之意，写成诏书，经皇帝确认无误后，直接送至工部、户部等单位执行。最有可能发生这种情况的朝代是（）A、汉朝

B、唐朝

C、元朝

D、明朝 3.有位学者指出：“中国传统政治中，君权和相权的关系，是一部不断摩擦、不断调整的历史。”下列有关历代宰相制度演变的说法，不正确的是（）A、汉武帝为削弱丞相的职权，任用亲信近臣参与军大事 B、唐代三省的长官都是宰相

C、宋代设置参知政事为副相，分割宰相的财权

D、元朝废除了尚书省和门下省，而将尚书省的六部移至中书省，并掌理一切政务 4.钱穆在《中国历代政治得失》中认为：“汉代的选举，是由封建贵族中开放政权的一条路；唐代的公开竞选，是由门第特殊阶级中开放政权的一条路。”这表明汉唐选官制度（）A、选拔方式日益公开

B、提高了官员的素质 C、适应了阶层关系变动

D、有利于加强中央集权

5.明朝建立之初，朱元璋曾下令立了一块“宦官不得干预政事”的铁牌，但事与愿违，明王朝却成为历代宦官干政最强烈的王朝之一。导致这一现象的根源是（）A、明朝皇帝懦弱无能

B、明朝推行特务统治 C、封建君主专制体制

D、明初废除了丞相制度 6.秦统一后，“废封建，立郡县”，确立专制集权制度，但皇帝之子、弟封王，一直延续到明清。“分王子弟，以为屏藩”，是历代分封子弟的主要理由。血缘分封长期存在说明（）A、分封制有利于政权长期稳定 B、血缘分封是中央集权的基础 C、周代制度受到历代政权推崇 D、分王子弟是皇权的一种体现

7.台湾学者许倬云在描述中国古代政治制度时说：“帝国时代延续两千年的奥秘即在于，君主专制的刚性与官僚制度流动的柔性相结合。”这一论断说明了中国帝国时代政治制度的特点是（）A、中央集权和地方分权相结合 B、“家天下”与“公天下”共存 C、专制皇权的至高无上性

D、君主专制和中央集权相结合

8.《礼记》记述了贵族朝会的列位礼节：天子南向而立；三公，中阶之前；诸侯，阼阶（东台阶）之东；诸伯，西阶之西；诸子，门东„„九夷，东门外；八蛮，南门外。与此相关的政治制度是（）A．分封制

B．三公九卿制

C．郡县制

D．郡国并行制

9.在周代分封制下，墓葬有严格的等级规定。考古显示，战国时期，秦国地区君王墓葬规模宏大，其余墓葬无明显等级差别；在经济发达的东方六国,君王、卿大夫、士的墓葬等级差别明显。这表明（）A.经济发展是分封制度得以维系的关键 B.分封制中的等级规定凸显了君主集权 C.秦国率先消除分封体制走向集权统治 D.东方六国仍严格遵行西周的分封制度

10.《三国志》称秦始皇“罢侯置守，设官分职，不与古同”。这是指秦朝实行了（）A.郡县制

B.分封制

C.井田制

D.宗法制 11.柳宗元在《封建论》中评价秦始皇废封建、行郡县说：“其为制，公之大者也„„公天下之端自秦始。”郡县制为“公天下”之开端，主要体现在（）A、百姓不再是封君的属民

B、更有利于皇帝集权

C、制度法令的统一

D、依据才干政绩任免官吏 12.秦灭六国后，秦王赢政兼采古史及传说中的“三皇”、“五帝”之名而称“皇帝”，其首要目的是（）A.宣扬托古改制

B.承袭华夏传统 C.突出个人功业

D.标榜君权神授 13.汉宣帝曾称：“与朕共治天下者，其唯良二千石（郡太守）乎！”后来的帝王反复重申上述观念。这主要体现了（）A.地方吏治是国家安定的重要因素

B.中央集权与地方分权之间的矛盾

C.汉代地方行政制度为后代所沿用

D.历代帝王将汉宣帝作为治国榜样 14.元初，中书省“省规”：三日一奏事，军国急务不拘于此限；定时由首领官排定需议事项，逐项讨论，事关重大且意见不同时将实情禀奏皇帝。这表明中书省（）A.专为处理军国急事而设

B.强调集体议决防止大臣专权

C.通过分割权力强化相权

D.任何决策之事实时禀报皇帝

15.自秦汉至明清，中国古代行政区划经历了由郡县两级制到州郡县三级制再到省道府县四级制的演变，这体现了（）A.中枢权力体系日趋完备

B.中央对地方控制的加强

C.各地经济联系日益密切

D.经济发展区域化程度提高

16.据清代《畴人传》统计,从传说中的黄帝开始到清初,在天文历算方面有一定成就的共收录243人,其中自西汉至明中叶约150人中,出身于官学的“司天学生”和“星历生”仅有2人;出身于“司天官属”和“司天役人”的也只有2人。这一数据反映出()A.科技教育成为私学的主要内容 B.官员选拔标准制约官学教育内容 C.理学成为官学主要教育内容 D.封建儒学教育扼杀士子创新思维

17.“史实”“史论”“史识”是构成史学的三大要素。史实即历史事实;史论即对历史事件和历史人物的评论;史识即是以科学的史观作指导,分析大量的史实,然后得出科学的结论。下列对郡县制的叙述属于“史识”的是()A.它分郡县两级,一郡之内又分若干县

B.郡县制是中央对地方政权进行有效控制的制度 C.郡县制开中国单一制国家组织结构先河,影响深远 D.郡守和县令、县长都由皇帝直接任命

18．下列关于明代内阁制和清代军机处的说法，正确的是()A．清朝设置军机处用来取代内阁制度

B．内阁无权向六部发令，军机处则有权发令 C．两者都无权向六部或各省发布命令 D．内阁首辅等于宰相，军机处是临时性机构

19.下图反映了我国古代不同时期官员上朝的礼仪，体现着君臣关系的变化，其反映的实质问题是（）

A.内阁制度日渐成熟

B.丞相权力被六部分割 C.中央的权力日益向帝王集中

D.中央对地方的管理日益加强

20.有学者统计，在民主的雅典，没有一个真正的贫穷的公民能够成为民主政治的领袖，几乎所有的政治领袖都出自富人阶层。这说明雅典（）A.公民在法律面前人人平等 B.贫民无法参与国家政治生活 C.民主实际上还是精英政治 D.公民有平等的政治参与权

21.某学者认为，在古代希腊，白由完全是一个政治概念，与此相适应，他们承认个人对社群权威的绝对服从是与这种集体性自由相容的，可以说“个人在公共事务中几乎永远是主权者，但在私人关系中却是奴隶。”这表明该学者认为古希腊（）A．公民个体的自由受到限制 B．公民只有形式上的自由 C．存在着绝对权威势力 D．排斥私有财产制度

22.希腊先哲柏拉图在谈到他生活时代的雅典时说“这里的公民灵魂变得非常敏感，只要有谁建议要稍加约束，他们就觉得受不了，就要大发雷霆„„他们真的不要任何人管了，连法律也不放在心上，不管成文的还是不成文的”。这主要表明（）A．柏拉图时代的雅典公民充满了自由的精神 B．当时雅典尚没有法律来约束公民

C．柏拉图因为恩师苏格拉底被判有罪而诋毁雅典民主政治 D．雅典的直接民主制使他们面临体制性的危机

23．公元6～7世纪是古代西方文明的成熟时期，而同时期的中华文明也取得了重大发展，这里的“成熟”和“重大发展”分别指的是()A．罗马法律建设形成完备体系；中央集权制度完善 B．罗马法律建设形成完备体系；世袭制度被彻底废除 C．罗马开始颁行成文法；中央集权制度的确立 D．罗马开始颁行成文法；世袭制度被彻底废除

24.斯塔夫里阿诺斯说：“罗马人在思想意识方面最重要的贡献在于，他们的法律是基于理性而不是基于习俗。”对“理性”的正确理解是()A.罗马法完全摒弃了习惯法 B.罗马法追求至善至美的境界 C.罗马法体现与时俱进，为现实服务 D.罗马法主张消灭阶级压迫 25.一位法学家说:“无论我们多么轻视,多么痛惜这种接受,有一点是清楚的,那就是,如果欧洲主要国家没有在不同时期、不同程度上接受罗马法,那么政治理论和制度,工业和商业组织,公法和私法的规则„„都不会像今天这样。”以上评价论证了()A.罗马法是维护罗马统治的有力支柱 B.罗马法律制度渗透到国家各个角落 C.西方国家的司法原则起源于罗马法 D.罗马法系统完备,影响广泛而深远

二、材料题（本题共3小题,第26题25分,第27题14分,第28题11分,共50分）

26.官僚政治是中国古代形成并延续两千多年超稳定政体的主要原因之一。阅读下列材料： 材料

一、郡县制取代分封制的必然结果就是贵族制让位于官僚制。官僚制是顺应中央集权和皇权制的需要而产生的一种新的组织形式和管理体制。……在官僚制时代，不管是旧贵族、新贵族，还是新兴的士人阶层，都必须通过任命，转化为官僚，才能成为政体的直接参与者。——《文史纵横》2009年第3期 材料

二、秦以后，官僚对皇权也起到很多的制约作用。由于儒学取得正统地位，先秦儒学中的民贵君轻、君臣共治、明主慎法等观念也得到传承。遇到贤明的君主，官僚就可以以此为据，抑制皇帝的私欲。官僚制度通过制度化的权力也可以约束皇权。

——任世江《高中历史必修课程专题分析》

材料

三、行省实行群官负责和圆署会议制(即通过行省官员集体开会共同负责)，行省官员通常由平掌、右丞、左丞、参知政事等六七人组成。……无论行政、财政、军事、司法诸事权，朝廷总是在直接掌握某些基本权力(如主要军队、官吏任用等)的同时，把相当一部分权力分寄于行省，然后借行省集权于中央。显而易见，元行省制中央集权是秦汉以来郡县制中央集权模式的较高级演化形态。

——李治安《元代行省制的特点与历史作用》

请回答：

(1)据材料一，概括官僚政治取代贵族政治带来的变化。（4分）

(2)结合秦汉、隋唐的史实说明材料二中“官僚对皇权也起到很多的制约作用”。（9分）

(3)据材料三及所学知识，说明“行省制中央集权是秦汉以来郡县制中央集权模式的较高级演化形态”的理由。（6分）

(4)综合上述材料，谈谈中国古代官僚政治的积极作用。（6分）

27.阅读材料，结合所学古代雅典民主政治的有关知识回答问题。材料一

材料二

(雅典民主政体的根本缺陷)在于它把权力交给所有的公民，不需要国家管理者具有专长，不要求他们具有真知灼见。一个国家应当由既有专业知识又有道德的人去治理，统治者不是有王笏的人，不是偶然选中的人，不是攫取财富的人，不是使用强权和骗术的人，而是有统治知识的人。

——苏格拉底

（1）写出材料一漫画图一“通途”中交通禁行标志指哪些人?结合材料一漫画图一和图二并结合所学知识理解“雅典民主政治是世界上最狭隘，也是最充实的民主政治。”

(8分)（2）依据材料二，苏格拉底所评论的是雅典怎么样的民主形式？他的态度如何？理由是什么？(6分)

28.阅读下列材料，回答问题:

材料

一、大海给了我们茫茫无定、浩浩无际和渺渺无限的观念。人类在大海的无限里感到他自己的有限的时候，他们就被激起了勇气，要去超越那有限的一切。……平凡的土地、平凡的平原流域把人类束缚在土壤上，把他卷入无穷的依赖性里边，但是大海却挟着人类超越了那些思想和行动的有限的圈子……

——黑格尔《历史哲学》

材料

二、海者，能发人进取之雄心者也。陆居者以怀土之故，而种种之系累生焉。试一观海，忽觉超然万累之表，而行为思想，皆得无限自由。彼航海者，其所求固在利也。然求之之始，却不可不先置利害于度外，以性命财产为孤注，冒万险而一掷之。故久于海上者，能使其精神日以勇猛，日以高尚。此古来濒海之民，所以比于陆居者活气较胜，进取较锐……

——梁启超《地理与文明之关系》

请回答：

结合古希腊与古代中国的相关史实，分析二人的说法是否合理。你如何认识自然地理环境与人类文明的关系？(11分)

高三历史试题答案

一、选择题:

1一一5 ADCCC

6一一10 DBACA

11一一15DCABB

16一一20 BCCCC

21一一25 ADACD

二、材料题: 26.(1)变化：从分权到集权；从世袭到任命。（4分）

(2)说明：秦朝：实行朝议制度对皇权有一定的制约(或宰相制度一定程度上制约皇权)。汉朝：儒学成为正统，“天人感应”思想对君主起到制约作用。隋唐：实行三省六部制对皇权有一定制约。（9分）

(3)行省拥有大权，但受中央节制；行省实行群官负责和集体议事；部分地区由中书省直接管理。（6分）

(4)官僚政治为中国古代社会管理提供了一种有效的运作机制，有利于稳定政体；官僚政治一定程度上制约皇权，有助于减少决策失误和抑制暴政；有利于巩固国家统一。（6分）27.（1）交通禁行标志含义——奴隶、外邦人、妇女、未及年龄的男子，这些人都被排除在雅典民主政治殿堂之外。(4分)狭隘——是指享受民主权利的人数太少(真正享有民主权利的只是少部分的公民，仅占总人口的9%左右。(2分)充实——是指全体公民在立法及治理公众事务上有直接与平等的权利。(2分)（2）直接民主形式；(2分)批判态度，(2分)理由：抽签选举和轮流坐庄的参政方式，意味着素养不同的人享有同等的国家管理权，这可能导致国家权力的滥用和误用。(2分)28.基本合理。（1分）古希腊人多从事航海业，工商业发达，殖民扩张频繁(3分)；中国古代小农经济发达，安土重迁(3分)。自然地理环境与人类文明关系密切，人类文明受其影响；但自然地理环境对人类历史发展不起决定作用。（4分）