【中英】陈德铭在2010年中国发展高层论坛发表的演讲

第一篇：【中英】陈德铭在2010年中国发展高层论坛发表的演讲

陈德铭在2010年中国发展高层论坛发表的演讲【中英】

Chen Deming in 2010 China Development Forum，delivered a speech

3月21日，商务部长陈德铭出席在钓鱼台国宾馆举行的“2010年中国发展高层论坛”并发表演讲。演讲主要内容如下：

一、开放的贸易是促进全球经济复苏的重要力量

过去一年，受国际金融危机冲击，世界经济经受了上世纪大萧条以来最为严峻的挑战。在各国宏观经济政策的激励下，国际经济形势出现一些积极变化。全球贸易额在2009年经历约22%的降幅之后，近期也逐步呈现回升势头。例如，2009年四季度德国出口额环比强劲上涨3%，贸易净值为GDP贡献了两个百分点。2010年1月，日本出口同比增加40.9%，其中对亚洲劲增68.1%，当月实现贸易顺差852亿日元。韩国1月份出口同比增长47.1%，创上世纪90年代以来最大单月增幅。这一轮全球贸易复苏的一个重要特点，是包括中国在内的新兴市场内需大幅增加，拉动了相关经济体的投资品和中间品出口率先回升。今年前两个月，中国进口同比增长64%，其中来自美国、欧盟和日本的进口分别增长37%、35%和48%，来自俄罗斯、马来西亚等国的进口还翻了一番，对促进相关国家的经济增长发挥出积极效应。这些事实说明，经济全球化的今天，各国经济相互依存、相互影响，开放的贸易对于促进全球经济复苏具有重要作用。

我们注意到，随着世界经济逐步走出危机底部，各国对国际贸易表示出更大关注。不仅发展中国家重视，发达国家也展现很高的雄心水平。与80年前的大萧条相比，目前全球贸易、投资和金融相互关联的程度之深、影响之大，远远超过上一次，没有一个国家能够脱离全球经济单靠自身实现复苏。如果我们坚持奉行公平、自由、开放的贸易理念，既积极鼓励国内产业发展、做大全球市场“蛋糕”，又最大限度地参与国际分工，保持国际贸易渠道的便捷和畅通，公平合理地分配“蛋糕”，将有助于促进全球经济的复苏进程，推动世界经济走上全面、持续、平衡发展的轨道。反之，如果一国坚持零和博弈的观点，忽视全球化条件下的相互依存，就会出现一损俱损的局面。如果借此大搞形形色色的贸易保护，搞不好会重蹈上世纪30年代保护主义泛滥的覆辙，使全球经济面临“二次触底”的危险。

二、理性看待危机和全球经济失衡的关系

此次金融危机的影响如此广泛和深刻，促使我们每个人都必须认真思考：是什么原因造成了这次危机？我认为可以从三个层面去认识。首先，这是世界经济运行周期性调整的结果。根据康德拉季耶夫、熊彼特等学者的经济长周期理论，由产业革命和技术创新引发的经济长周期波动，大致是40－50年时间。到本世纪初，随着全球化制度红利和信息技术革命效应不断递减，世界经济已经到了下行阶段。其次，全球治理结构不完善加剧了经济波动的幅度。上世纪90年代以来，在信息网络技术革命推动下，国际分工快速发展，商品交换半径越趋扩大，逐渐形成了全球范围的生产和交换网络。在全球治理缺少有效机制的情况下，生产和消费不均衡的矛盾加剧了经济周期的波动幅度。第三，金融监管缺失成为诱发金融危机的直接原因。近年来，在金融创新和投机因素的双重推动下，虚拟经济过度发展，这虽在一定程度上有利于加快资金流动，促进资源有效配置，但更因高杠杆化率而孕育着极大的风险。随着市场内部风险不断累积，爆发系统性危机也就成为必然的事件。

国际上，有舆论将此次危机归结为以贸易收支不平衡为主的全球失衡问题。这是一个相对片面、十分狭义的理解。在经济全球化的今天，失衡不仅表现为部分国家储蓄消费失衡、贸易收支失衡，更表现为世界财富分配失衡、资源拥有和消耗失衡、国际货币体系失衡等一系列深层次、结构性的问题。导致失衡的原因是复杂的、多方面的，其根源是南北发展的严重不平衡。即使从单一的国际收支角度来分析，按照现代市场经济中企业以销定产、消费在一定意义上决定生产的理论，如果主要消费国政府不能有效保持货币的持续稳定，任由泡沫无节制发展，最终也会导致经济失衡和危机的发生。

这段时间，个别国家总是把眼光盯着中国的贸易，并寄希望于人民币汇率大幅升值来实现“全球经济再平衡”。这个论调忽略了两个基本事实：第一，无论是理论还是实践都表明，一国本币升值对调节贸易收支的作用有限。2005年至2008年，人民币汇率升值约20%，中国贸易顺差不降反升；2009年以来人民币汇率基本稳定，中国贸易顺差反而大幅下降了34.2%；今年1－2月，中国贸易顺差下降了50%，我个人预计今年3月份中国的贸易甚至可能会出现逆差。在这方面，我们还可以看看历史上德国马克和日元升值后的情况。第二，中国的经济发展一直是与各国分工协作、利益共享的过程。在以中国为节点的国际分工链条上，中国通过初级原材料进口带动相关国家的产业发展；通过大量的中间品进口为周边国家和地区创造了贸易顺差；通过资本品、奢侈品和服务贸易进口为发达国家创造了大量的就业机会。中国还在加工贸易、跨国投资等各个层面，与各国分享着发展与合作的空间。2009年，全球贸易额下降22%、中国出口下降16%、进口下降11.2%。但是，从有关经济体海关数据来看，澳大利亚、南非、巴西、土耳其等国对华出口仍保持了两位数以上的正增长；欧盟、美国对华出口也仅分别下降1.53%和0.22%。当前，全球经济不确定因素仍然较多，中国经济回升基础仍不牢固，强压一国货币升值对彼此都没有好处，是非理性的选择。

三、全球经济协调发展需要国际社会的共同努力

回首世界经济的发展史，历次危机都是进行理论反思、政策调整和实施变革的良机。当前，各国纷纷着眼于解决制约经济发展的体制性、结构性矛盾，加快推进新产业革命的步伐，努力寻求技术创新和经济结构升级的有效突破口，更加注重扩大内需，增强发展的内生动力。

作为一个拥有13亿人口的发展中大国，中国也在加快推进经济结构调整。2009年，中国实现社会消费品零售总额12.53万亿元人民币，扣除价格因素实际增长16.9%，创1986年以来的最高实际增速，对GDP贡献率达到52.5%。预计今年国内市场规模将达到2万亿美元，远远高于中国的出口总额。今后，中国将进一步扩大开放的广度和深度，提高利用外资的质量和水平，不断扩大先进技术设备、关键零部件和国内紧缺物资的进口，积极促进国际收支平衡；通过扩大服务领域的进一步开放、推动企业“走出去”等途径，与各国加强互利合作。随着中国工业化、城镇化进程的加快推进，将为经济增长释放出一个长期而庞大的内需市场。在华投资的跨国企业是中国的企业法人，它们的产品是“中国制造”产品，将与其他企业共同分享这一巨大的市场机遇。

实现全球经济更加平衡、协调的发展，需要国际社会的共同努力。借此机会，我想提出三点建议：

第一，秉持自由、开放的发展理念。“开放”，既是指一个国家对国际交往和经济合作采取积极推进的态度，也是指政府放宽管制，注重发挥市场对资源配置的基础性作用。过去半个多世纪尤其是近二十年的全球化浪潮，使各国的受益总体大于损失。今后一个时期，各国更应坚定开放信念，积极推动贸易投资自由化、便利化进程，坚决反对任何形式的保护主义，共同巩固全球经济复苏的良好势头。

第二，加快推动多哈回合谈判。多哈谈判早日取得公正、平衡的结果，既是建立合理的国际经济秩序的客观要求，也是促进全球经济平衡发展的根本路径。无论是发达经济体还是发展中经济体，均应着眼长远，拿出更大的诚意和决心，推动实现商品、资本在国际间有规则的自由流动，不断提高全球协调与治理水平，从根本上提高各国国际竞争力及全球经济的抗风险能力。

第三，各国共享转变发展方式的机遇。当前，各国正在加快推进新产业革命，开发清洁能源和低碳技术，实施互联网、物联网融合和“云计算”战略，全球正处于新一轮技术革命的前夜。国际社会应共享合作发展机遇，同时警惕形形色色变相的保护主义。中国愿与各国产业界、企业界和专家学者开展交流、共享机遇，共同为推动世界经济的健康发展做出努力。

演讲结束后，陈德铭还就多哈回合谈判、人民币汇率等问题回答了摩根士丹利亚洲区主席史蒂芬·罗奇等与会人士的提问。

March 21, Minister of Commerce Chen Deming attended the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse at the “2010 China Development Forum,” and make a speech.Speech following major elements:

1, open trade is an important force for global economic recovery

Over the past year by the international financial crisis, the world economy has withstood the last century since the Great Depression of the most serious challenges.Macroeconomic policy incentives in various countries, the international economic situation, some positive changes.Of world trade experienced in 2009, after about 22% of the decline, the recent upward trend gradually presented.For example, the fourth quarter of 2009, German exports rose 3% in a strong chain, the net trade contribution to GDP by two percentage points.In January 2010, Japan's exports increased 40.9% year on year, which surged 68.1% to Asia, the month trade surplus of ¥ 85,200,000,000.South Korea's exports in January increased by 47.1%, the highest since the 90s last century, the biggest one-month increase.This round of global trade, an important feature of the recovery is in emerging markets including China, a substantial increase in domestic demand, boosting the economy's investment-related goods and intermediate goods, export-led recovery.The first two months of this year, China's imports grew 64%, including from the United States, the European Union and Japan, imports were up 37%, 35% and 48%, from Russia, Malaysia and other countries, the import has also doubled, to to promote economic growth in the countries concerned to play a positive effect.These facts suggest that the economic globalization today, the level of economic interdependence, mutual influence, and open trade for the promotion of global economic recovery has an important role.We note that, with the bottom of the world economy has been gradually emerging from the crisis, countries expressed greater attention to international trade.Not only attach importance to developing countries, developed countries also show a high level of ambition.With the Great Depression 80 years ago compared to the current global trade, investment and finance associated with the extent of deep mutual influence of the large, far more than the last time, no one country can rely on the global economy out of its own to achieve recovery.If we adhere to fair, free and open trade philosophy, not only to encourage the development of domestic industries, bigger global market, “cake”, but also to maximize participation in the international division of labor, to keep channels of international trade convenience and smooth, fair and equitable distribution “ cake ”, will help to promote global economic recovery process, the promotion of world economy into a comprehensive, sustained and balanced development track.Conversely, if a country adhere to a zero-sum game perspective, ignoring the interdependence of the conditions of globalization, there will be a loss for both sides of the situation.If vigorously to all kinds of trade protection, they might will repeat the last century, 30 years of the disastrous spread of protectionism, so that the global economy is facing a “second bottom,” risk.Second, rational view of the crisis and global economic imbalances in the relationship between the

The impact of financial crisis is so broad and deep, prompting each of us must seriously consider: What is causing this crisis? I think we can get to know from the three levels.First, it is the world's economic operations cyclical adjustment results.According to Kondratieff, Schumpeter and other scholars of the economic long-cycle theory, by the industrial revolution and technological innovation induced by the long-period fluctuations, is roughly 40-50 years.To the beginning of this century, with the dividends of globalization and information technology revolution in the system effects of diminishing, the world economy has reached a stage downstream.Secondly, the imperfect structure of global governance exacerbated the economic volatility.Since the 90s of last century, in the information network technology revolution driven by the rapid development of international division of labor, commodity exchange radius increasingly expanded the scope of the gradual formation of a global network of production and exchange.In the absence of effective mechanisms for global governance situation, production and consumption is not balanced contradiction has intensified the volatility of the economic cycle.Third, the financial supervision and lack of a direct cause-induced financial crisis.In recent years, financial innovation and speculative factors, the double promotion, virtual economy over-development, which although a certain extent, help accelerate financial flows and promoting effective allocation of resources, but more because of the high rate of leveraged risk pregnant with great.Internal risk as the market continue to accumulate, the outbreak of a systemic crisis has become an inevitable event.Internationally, there are public opinion is attributed to the crisis in order to trade imbalances-based global imbalances.This is a relatively one-sided, very narrow understanding.In the economic globalization today, the imbalance between national savings not only as a part of the imbalance between consumption, trade imbalances, but also the performance of the world's imbalance in the distribution of wealth, resources, ownership and consumption imbalances, the international monetary system and imbalance in a series of deep-seated, structural problems.Leading causes of imbalance are complex, multifaceted, and its root cause is a serious imbalance in the North-South development.Even if the international balance of payments from a single perspective, according to the modern market economy enterprises to sell production quotas, consumption decisions in a certain sense, the theory of production, if the major consumer of government can not effectively maintain the currency steady and let the bubble excesses development, and will eventually lead to economic imbalances and crises.During this time, individual countries always looks at China's trade, and to rely on a substantial appreciation of the RMB exchange rate to achieve the “global economic rebalancing.” This argument ignores two basic facts: first, whether it is theory and practice have shown that a country's currency appreciation of the role of regulating the trade balance is limited.From 2005 to 2008, the RMB exchange rate appreciated by about 20%, China's trade surplus rise, not fall;in 2009 has been the basic stability of RMB exchange rate, China's trade surplus fell by 34.2% but significantly;from January to February of this year, China's trade surplus fell by 50%, I expect China's trade in March this year, and may even run deficits.In this context, we can also take a look at the history of the German mark and the yen after the situation.Second, China's economic development has been the division of labor in collaboration with countries, benefit-sharing process.With China as the node in the international division of labor chain, China's imports of raw materials driven by the primary industries related to national development;through a large number of intermediate goods imports for the neighboring countries and regions to create a trade surplus;through capital goods, luxury goods and trade in services imports developed countries, created a large number of job opportunities.China is still processing trade, cross-border investment, at all levels, with countries to share the development and cooperation in space.In 2009, world trade declined 22%, China's exports fell 16%, imports fell 11.2%.However, from the economies of customs data, Australia, South Africa, Brazil, Turkey and other countries exports to China are still maintained two-digit positive growth;the European Union, the United States exports to China have also decreased by only 1.53% and 0.22%.At present, the global economic uncertainties are still large, the basis of China's economic rebound is still strong, extreme pressure a currency appreciation of each other no good, non-rational choice.Third, the global economy the coordinated development of the joint efforts of the international community

Looking back at the history of the world economy, the successive crises are theoretical reflection, policy adjustment and implementation of change in opportunities.At present, countries have to address the constraints to focus on economic development, institutional, structural contradictions, and accelerating the pace of the new industrial revolution, and strive for technical innovation and upgrading the economic structure and effective breakthrough, more emphasis on expanding domestic demand, boost the development of endogenous motivation.As a big developing country with 1.3 billion people, China is also speeding up economic restructuring.In 2009, China's total retail sales of social consumer goods, 12.53 trillion yuan, a real growth after deducting price factors, 16.9%, the highest since 1986, the highest real growth rate, the contribution rate of GDP reached 52.5%.The size of the domestic market this year is expected to reach 2 trillion U.S.dollars, far higher than China's total exports.In the future, China will further expand the breadth and depth of opening up, improve the quality and level of utilizing foreign investment and expanded advanced technology and equipment, key parts and components imported and domestic goods in short supply, and actively promote international balance of payments;by expanding the service sector to further open to promote enterprises to “go” and other ways to strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation with other countries.As China's industrialization and urbanization process, speeding up, will release a long-term economic growth and huge domestic market.Multinationals investing in China is China's enterprise legal person, their products are “Made in China” products, will work with other companies to share in this huge market opportunity.To achieve a more balanced global economy, and coordinated development requires the joint efforts of the international community.Like to take this opportunity, I would like to make three suggestions:

First, uphold the free and open development concept.“Openness” not only refers to a state of international exchanges and economic cooperation, adopt a positive attitude to promote, but also refers to the Government to relax controls, to pay attention to the market's basic role in resource allocation.Over the past half-century especially in the last two decades of globalization, so that all countries benefit from the whole greater than the losses.The future, all countries should open a firm conviction, and actively promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, firmly opposed to any form of protectionism, to fortify the good momentum of global economic recovery.Second, speed up the Doha Round negotiations.The Doha negotiations as soon as possible to achieve a fair and balanced results, both to establish a rational international economic order and the objective requirements, but also to promote the balanced development of global economy, the fundamental path.Whether developed or developing economies, economies, should be long-term perspective, demonstrate greater sincerity and determination to promote the realization of goods, capital, and there are rules in the international free flow of, and continuously improve the level of global coordination and governance, from the fundamental enhance the international competitiveness of countries and the global economy, ability to resist risks.Third, the countries to share changes in mode of development opportunities.At present, countries are speeding up a new industrial revolution, the development of clean energy and low-carbon technologies, the implementation of the Internet, material integration and networking “cloud computing” strategy, the world is at the eve of a new round of technological revolution.The international community should share the co-development opportunities, while cautioning against all kinds of disguised protectionism.China ready to work with countries in industry, business and experts and scholars to conduct exchanges, share opportunities and work together to promote the healthy development of the world economy to make efforts.After his speech, Chen Deming also on the Doha Round negotiations, the RMB exchange rate and other issues of Morgan Stanley Asia Chairman Stephen Roach and other participants questions.

第二篇：国家商务部部长陈德铭2012年3月18日在“中国发展高层论坛2012”年会上的演讲

共同目标，一致行动——追求内外均衡的增长

——在“中国发展高层论坛2012”年会上的演讲

国家商务部部长陈德铭

（2012年3月18日）

我感谢多年来主办方邀请我参加中国发展高层论坛，感谢邀请我围绕“追求内外均衡增长”的主题发言，这是一个十分具有理论价值和现实意义的题目。

长期以来，经济理论界就均衡、非均衡增长进行着广泛而深入的讨论，形成多种派别，并随着实践的深入对这一理论不断进行修正和完善。从现实来看，近百年来，正是人类社会的发展失衡导致了经济危机频发。所以我们在讨论均衡、非均衡发展问题时，不能不想到目前我们正在经受着金融危机的考验，欧洲主权债务问题还在发酵，世界经济正处在艰难的复苏之中，非洲还有很多饱受饥荒的人们，全球能源资源争夺激烈，不排除触发战争的可能。因此说，内外均衡增长这个主题也很有现实意义。

均衡增长是相对的，不均衡是绝对的首先我谈谈对这个主题的认识。论坛的主题是：追求内外均衡的增长。在中国的语言文字中，所谓“追求”的，往往是一种比较完美、可望而又难以企及的目标，比如崇高的理想等。从哲学的观点看，追求均衡就是实现矛盾的对立和统一。辩证法告诉我们：矛盾的统一是相对的、暂时的，而对立是绝对的、永恒的。矛盾是事物发展的动力，矛盾双方不统一，相互排斥和斗争，从而推动事物向前发展。经济发展的规律亦如此。经济均衡增长是相对的、短暂的，非均衡增长是绝对的、长期的。非均衡始终围绕均衡的中心线上下波动，推动经济不断向前发展，无限接近均衡增长的目标。

内外均衡应具有更广泛的涵义

关于内外的均衡增长。我认为，当前国际社会的行为主体主要是以国家的形式出现的。因此，所谓“内外”的概念应该是以国界划分，“内”指国内，“外”指国外，另外也有一些国家联合体、区域经济共同体等“内”的形式。从这个角度讲，从狭义的定义上，内外均衡或非均衡增长是指各国或国家联合体的国际贸易、跨国投资、自然人移动等要素是否均衡，以及在这些要素流动基础上的国际货币收支均衡与否等。从广义的角度看，我们应当看到，考量一国的经济均衡与非均衡不仅应当包括传统意义上的国际贸易、跨国投资、自然人移动等，还应包括资源所有、财富分配、消费能力以及教育、养老、医保等方面是否均衡。这些要素均衡与否决定着一个国家老百姓的人权，不仅是言论自由权，首先而且更重要的是生存和发展权。因此，衡量经济增长均衡与否，还要综合、全面地分析多种要素。

全球化下经济均衡增长在发展中实现

经济全球化无疑是当前世界的一个主要特征。世界经济原有的均衡不断被全球化、被经济发展打破，但全球化又不断创造出新的、更大范围的、发展中的均衡。经济全球化的发展源于世界生产力的发展近而推动全球生产关系的调整，如科技的进步，特别是信息技术发展和海运成本的大幅降低。全球化已不仅仅是货物贸易的全球化，跨国公司大规模地到境外投资，其生产要素禀赋在全球实现最佳组合布局，资本全球化发展迅速。一些新兴国家其经济的起飞得益于跨国公司全球化投资，同时也催生了这些国家本国工业的发展，及随后的大规模工业化、城镇化的进程。

以占世界人口19%以上的中国为例。30多年前中国对外贸易占世界贸易的比重不及1%，而2010年这一数字已超过10%。中国这30多年的发展打破了30多年前世界贸易的均衡，然而中国同时也在创造着新的增长，新的均衡。30年间，中国的进出口基本是平衡的，前

期逆差较大，后又出现顺差，近几年的趋势是越来越平衡。2011年，中国的对外贸易顺差占GDP的比重约2%左右，即使加上资本收益项目，中国经常账户盈余只占GDP的2.8%左右。

西方一些人经常批评中国不顾全球经济平衡，成为世界第一大出口国，但是他们从来不提中国同时是世界第二大进口国，而且在可以预见的未来几年内，中国进口将成为世界第一，中国将是世界上最大的消费市场。中国不仅给全球生产了物美价廉的生活必需品，而且也吸纳了世界各地的消费品。在北京及一些大城市的商场里，全世界的各种品牌、高档消费品都可以找到。最近几年，中国国内社会消费品零售总额以年均15%-18%的速度增长，这一速度高于中国GDP的增幅。这就是中国在发展中创造出的新的均衡，如果没有这个新的均衡，世界应对国际金融危机的难度可能会大得多。

共同努力才能实现内外均衡增长目标

追求均衡增长是各国的共同目标，尽管增长总是表现出非均衡的特性。各国应该共同围绕均衡增长的目标采取一致行动。为此，我提三点建议：

一是确保非均衡增长的有限度和可控性。在全球化的大背景下，一国的非均衡增长一旦不能控制，超出限度，不仅会影响本国经济，也会给其他国家甚至世界经济带来负面甚至灾难性影响，反过来又加重本国经济的受损程度。我们从至今仍然在蔓延的金融危机中可以清晰地看到这一点。因此，我十分赞成G20对全球经济治理的参考性指南的研究和监测。我们需要加深对这个问题的探讨，求得共识。

二是要以开放包容的心态对待新兴国家的崛起。新兴国家的发展是全球化的结果，是不可阻挡的历史必然。对发达国家而言，新兴国家的崛起既是一种挑战，更是一种机遇，而且机遇将远大于挑战。但是，一些发达国家应对新兴国家崛起，采取的是限制出口、阻止投资

入境，甚至大搞贸易保护主义。这是非常不可取的，既对他国不公，也对本国公民和企业不公，效果也将是负面的。

三要共同努力开放市场，扩大本国消费。无论是发达国家还是发展中国家中的新兴国家，都要从本国国情出发，扩大市场开放，促进贸易便利化，把扩大内需、尤其是最终消费作为实现内部均衡增长的基本立足点。中国正在这样做，愿意和各国交流合作，为实现均衡增长共同努力。

今天虽不能就均衡增长中的货币与贸易关系，尤其是汇率与贸易平衡的关系详作论述，但需要强调的是，要从宏观总量上来分析和考量货币与贸易的关系，要实现二者在市场运行基础上的平衡，不能混淆货币政策和贸易政策。

第三篇：2009中国商务部长陈德铭在中英经贸合作研讨会致辞

2009中国商务部长陈德铭在中英经贸合作研讨会致辞

尊敬的曼德尔森大臣，尊敬的傅莹大使，各位企业家，女士们，先生们：

Right Honorable Lord Mandelson, Honorable Ambassador Fu Ying，Dear Friends from the Business Community, Ladies and gentlemen，下午好！

Good afternoon.今天，由中国机电产品进出口商会和英中贸易协会组织的中英经贸合作研讨会在这里隆重开幕。在此，我谨代表中华人民共和国商务部表示衷心的祝贺！今天，中英两国政府和工商界的人士聚集在这里，围绕“新挑战、新机遇”这一主题，深入探讨应对危机、共谋发展的重大举措，具有十分重要的现实意义。在此，我预祝研讨会取得成功！

Today, we hold the Seminar on China-Britain Economic and Trade Cooperation jointly organized by the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Mechanic and Electronic Products and the China-Britain Business Council.On behalf of the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China, I’d like to extend heartfelt congratulations on its opening.It brings together government officials and business people from China and Britain to explore ways to tackle the crisis and promote development.The theme---“New Challenges, New Opportunities”, is highly relevant.I look forward to a successful meeting.毋庸置疑，这场国际金融危机，使世界经济陷入上世纪大萧条以来最困难的境地。作为一个外向度较高的发展中国家，中国的经济发展，特别是对外贸易投资也受到了较大的冲击。从2008年11月份开始，中国进出口贸易连续三个月出现负增长，吸收外商直接投资出现了明显下滑趋势。我们也注意到，英国经济增长和就业也遭受了严重打击。双边贸易也受到负面影响，今年1月，中英双边贸易额同比下降21.6%，下降幅度之大、速度之快是罕见的。

Without doubt, this international financial crisis has landed the world economy in the most difficult situation since the Great Depression.China, as a developing country with heavy reliance on foreign trade, is experiencing a hard time in economic growth, particularly in foreign trade and investment.Since November 2008, China’s imports and exports have seen negative growth for 3 consecutive months, while inward investment has been sliding.We’ve also noted that economic growth and employment here in Britain has also been dealt a heavy blow.Two-way trade between China and Britain has suffered as well.In January 2009, bilateral trade value dropped 21.6% year on year.The gravity and speed of the decline are unprecedented indeed.当前，为应对危机和挑战，世界各国纷纷出台了应对措施，这对提振信心、缓解危机起到了重要作用。但在危机面前，仅仅依靠单个国家的努力远远不够，因为在经济全球化趋势下，当今的世界经济舞台已经形成了“你中有我，我中有你”的局面。世界经济发展的历史早已证明，在危机面前，封闭与保护没有出路，开放与合作才是正途。此次我率领中国贸易投资促进团访英，就是落实温家宝总理本月初“信心之旅”的一次重要后续活动，充分表明了中国政府在困难形势下，以实际行动反对贸易保护主义的态度与决心。

To tackle the crisis and challenges, countries have taken various countermeasures, contributing greatly to restoring confidence and mitigating the consequences of the crisis.However, in the face of a crisis, efforts of a single country are far from enough.In a world featuring globalization, economies are inextricably interwoven with each other.The history of world economy has proven that insulation and protectionism offers no way out;openness and cooperation is the right recipe to heal a crisis.The visit of the China Trade and Investment Promotion Delegation, which I lead, to Britain is an important follow-up to Premier Wen Jiabao’s “Trip of Confidence” earlier this month.It shows the stance and resolution of the Chinese government to oppose protectionism under difficult circumstances.新挑战中往往蕴含着新的机遇。对于中英两国来说，危机将促使我们延伸和拓宽互利合作的内涵。目前，中国各级政府和部门，正在积极落实保持经济稳定增长的各项举措。伴随大规模民生工程、基础设施和生态环境等领域的建设，包括英资企业在内的数十万家在华外资企业将分享这些新的商机。我在中国各地调研过程中，感受到许多中国企业特别是民营企业，对欧优势技术和装备的采购具有浓厚的兴趣。作为中国在欧盟中的第三大贸易伙伴和累计第一大对华投资国，中英两国在生物、信息、环保、低碳经济、能源科技、新材料、医药卫生等领域，拥有巨大的合作潜力。中国还是世界服务贸易和高档消费品增长最快的市场。这意味着英国大量知名品牌产品以及金融、分销、设计、咨询等服务业企业，会有更多机会参与中国市场的竞争。当然，也会有越来越多的中国企业具备与英国企业合作的实力。我们鼓励中英双方企业在各个领域扩大交流和深化合作，共同分享宝贵的发展机遇。

New challenges often present new opportunities.To China and Britain, this crisis will serve as a catalyst to enrich our reciprocal cooperation.At present, governments at all levels in China are in full gear to implement measures targeted at maintaining the steady growth of economy.With the execution of large-scale projects in public welfare, infrastructure, and ecological environment, hundreds of thousands of companies with foreign including British investment will be able to share these new business opportunities.During my investigation and study tours around China, I found that many Chinese enterprises, especially private ones, are very interested in buying more advanced technology and equipment from Europe.Among all EU countries, Britain is the third largest trade partner for China and has made the most investment in cumulative terms.Our two countries enjoy huge potential in such fields as biology, information and environmental technology, low-carbon economy, energy technology, new materials, pharmaceuticals and healthcare.China is the fastest-growing market for international services trade and high-end goods, which could be translated into more opportunities for many famous British brands and companies in such service sectors as finance, distribution, design and consultancy to compete in the Chinese market.Of course, more and more Chinese companies will possess the caliber to cooperate with British companies.We encourage companies from the two countries to further deepen exchanges and cooperation in every field and share those valuable opportunities.女士们，先生们：

Ladies and Gentlemen，尽管当前我们遇到了严峻的挑战，但以科技进步和生产要素全球配置为基础的经济全球化趋势不会逆转，各国经济相互联系和依赖的程度仍将继续加强。英国是自由贸易思想的发源地，亚当?斯密的理论影响了200多年来的国际贸易实践。选择在这里作为我们此次贸易投资促进团的最后一站，赋予了此次活动更加特殊的意义。我们一路走过来，无论是老朋友还是新伙伴，无论是签订合同或者仅仅是洽谈意向，大家都进行了坦诚而深入的沟通，取得了许多有形和无形的丰硕成果。更为重要的是，我们向外界传递了秉持开放心态、携手合作、共渡难关的诚意和信心。我们坚信，未来商机无限，春天终将来临。

Despite the severe challenges in front of us, globalization based on scientific advance and global allocation of resources will remain irreversible.Economies will be even more linked to and dependent on each other.Britain is the birthplace of the idea of free trade.Adam Smith’s theories have influenced international trade over the past 200 odd years.Selecting Britain as the last lag of our trip has added special significance to this event.Along the way, we have had candid and in-depth dialogues with friends old and new.We have reaped tangible and intangible fruits by signing contracts or negotiating intentions.Most importantly, we have demonstrated to the rest of the world our sincerity and confidence to tide over the difficulties by opening mind and joining hands.We believe that there are boundless opportunities in the future, and spring is right around the corner.谢谢大家。

Thank you.

第四篇：在中国发展高层论坛上的开幕致辞

Opening Remarks at the 2015 China Development Forum 在中国发展高层论坛上的开幕致辞

Christine Lagarde, Managing Director of International Monetary Fund 国际基金组织总裁克里斯蒂娜·拉加德

Beijing, March 22, 2015 中国北京，2015 年3 月22 日

Your Excellence, Vice Premier ZHANG Gaoli, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen;good morning!Zao Shang Hao!

张高丽副总理阁下，尊贵的来宾，女士们，先生们，早上好！

I am absolutely delighted to be back in Beijing.I would like to thank Mr.LI Wei and his colleagues at the Development Research Center for inviting me here today.我非常高兴重返北京。感谢国务院发展研究中心的李伟主任及其同事邀请我参加今年的发展高层论坛。

Of course, it is no coincidence that the prestigious China Development Forum is held at this particular time of the year.As it is often said here in China, “a good year is determined by its spring”.当然，负有盛名的中国发展高层论坛在一年中的这个特定时间举办，并非巧合。中国有句俗话：“一年之计在于春”。

Over the next two days, policymakers, business executives, and thought leaders will discuss the defining issues that will determine China’s economic development this year and beyond.Our discussion about China’s Economy in the “New Normal” comes at a pivotal moment for both China and the world.在接下来的两天里，政策制定者、企业高管和思想领袖将探讨一些具有决定意义的问题，这些问题将决定中国今年及以后的经济发展走向。我们对中国经济“新常态”的讨论对中国和整个世界而言都处于一个关键时刻。

If I had to choose only two words that unite China and the world at this moment, it would be “structural reforms”.Of course, these comprise many challenges, but I want to highlight three key areas where impressive efforts by the Chinese government are underway:

如果此刻让我只用两个词将中国与世界联系在一起，那就是“结构改革”。当然，在这一过程中我们将面临诸多挑战。但在三个关键的领域，中国政府正在采取令人印象深刻的措施：

• One, cleaning up the house – by promoting good governance through the anti-corruption campaign,• 一是打扫房间——通过反腐败来推动建立好的治理方式

• Two, cleaning up the air – by curbing pollution and preserving the environment,• 二是净化空气——这主要是通过抑制污染和保护环境

• And three, clearing the path to further engagement with the world – through further participation in the multilateral dialogue and through more international investment and trade.• 三是整理路径——通过深入参与多边对话和投资与贸易加强与整个世界的接触和联系

These reforms will lead to slower, safer, more sustainable growth.This is good for China and good for the world.Their fates are intertwined.这些改革将会导致中国的经济增速有所放缓，但更安全和更可持续。这既有利于中国，也有利于世界。中国与世界的命运相互交织。

Indeed, as China navigates the “new normal” of its own economy, it also contributes more to the global common good – to economic and financial stability, to environmental sustainability, and to a multilateral approach that is equal to the pressing global challenges facing us today.中国在驾驭本国经济适应“新常态”的过程中，也会在更大程度上增进全球共同福祉——无论是对于全球经济和金融稳定、环境可持续性，还是对于应对我们当前面临的紧迫全球挑战所需采取的多边方法都如此。

China knows that no-one can succeed alone.This is why the IMF is proud to be a partner in China’s economic endeavors here at home and on the global stage.I look forward to fruitful discussions here at the CDF.中国知道，单枪匹马不能取胜。这就是为什么国际货币基金组织对作为中国在本国和全球舞台上的经济发展伙伴而感到自豪。我期待着中国发展高层论坛上的讨论富有成效。

Thank you.Xièxiè.谢谢。

第五篇：2007年商务部部长陈德铭在中英经贸合作研讨会致辞

2009年2月27日下午，中国机电进出口商会和英中贸易协会在伦敦共同举办中英经贸合作研讨会，中英两国企业界人士600多人与会，中国商务部长陈德铭在研讨会上致辞。以下为讲话全文：

尊敬的曼德尔森大臣，尊敬的傅莹大使，各位企业家，女士们，先生们：

Right Honorable Lord Mandelson, Honorable Ambassador Fu Ying, Dear Friends from the Business Community, Ladies and gentlemen, 下午好！

Good afternoon.今天，由中国机电产品进出口商会和英中贸易协会组织的中英经贸合作研讨会在这里隆重开幕。在此，我谨代表中华人民共和国商务部表示衷心的祝贺！今天，中英两国政府和工商界的人士聚集在这里，围绕“新挑战、新机遇”这一主题，深入探讨应对危机、共谋发展的重大举措，具有十分重要的现实意义。在此，我预祝研讨会取得成功！

Today, we hold the Seminar on China-Britain Economic and Trade Cooperation jointly organized by the China Chamber of Commerce for Import and Export of Mechanic and Electronic Products and the China-Britain Business Council.On behalf of the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China, I’d like to extend heartfelt congratulations on its opening.It brings together government officials and business people from China and Britain to explore ways to tackle the crisis and promote development.The theme---“New Challenges, New Opportunities”, is highly relevant.I look forward to a successful meeting.毋庸置疑，这场国际金融危机，使世界经济陷入上世纪大萧条以来最困难的境地。作为一个外向度较高的发展中国家，中国的经济发展，特别是对外贸易投资也受到了较大的冲击。从2008年11月份开始，中国进出口贸易连续三个月出现负增长，吸收外商直接投资出现了明显下滑趋势。我们也注意到，英国经济增长和就业也遭受了严重打击。双边贸易也受到负面影响，今年1月，中英双边贸易额同比下降21.6%，下降幅度之大、速度之快是罕见的。

Without doubt, this international financial crisis has landed the world economy in the most difficult situation since the Great Depression.China, as a developing country with heavy reliance on foreign trade, is experiencing a hard time in economic growth, particularly in foreign trade and investment.Since November 2008, China’s imports and exports have seen negative growth for 3 consecutive months, while inward investment has been sliding.We’ve also noted that economic growth and employment here in Britain has also been dealt a heavy blow.Two-way trade between China and Britain has suffered as well.In January 2009, bilateral trade value dropped 21.6% year on year.The gravity and speed of the decline are unprecedented indeed.当前，为应对危机和挑战，世界各国纷纷出台了应对措施，这对提振信心、缓解危机起到了重要作用。但在危机面前，仅仅依靠单个国家的努力远远不够，因为在经济全球化趋势下，当今的世界经济舞台已经形成了“你中有我，我中有你”的局面。世界经济发展的历史早已证明，在危机面前，封闭与保护没有出路，开放与合作才是正途。此次我率领中国贸易投资促进团访英，就是落实温家宝总理本月初“信心之旅”的一次重要后续活动，充分表明了中国政府在困难形势下，以实际行动反对贸易保护主义的态度与决心。

To tackle the crisis and challenges, countries have taken various countermeasures, contributing greatly to restoring confidence and mitigating the consequences of the crisis.However, in the face of a crisis, efforts of a single country are far from enough.In a world featuring globalization, economies are inextricably interwoven with each other.The history of world economy has proven that insulation and protectionism offers no way out;openness and cooperation is the right recipe to heal a crisis.The visit of the China Trade and Investment Promotion Delegation, which I lead, to Britain is an important follow-up to Premier Wen Jiabao’s “Trip of Confidence” earlier this month.It shows the stance and resolution of the Chinese government to oppose protectionism under difficult circumstances.新挑战中往往蕴含着新的机遇。对于中英两国来说，危机将促使我们延伸和拓宽互利合作的内涵。目前，中国各级政府和部门，正在积极落实保持经济稳定增长的各项举措。伴随大规模民生工程、基础设施和生态环境等领域的建设，包括英资企业在内的数十万家在华外资企业将分享这些新的商机。我在中国各地调研过程中，感受到许多中国企业特别是民营企业，对欧优势技术和装备的采购具有浓厚的兴趣。作为中国在欧盟中的第三大贸易伙伴和累计第一大对华投资国，中英两国在生物、信息、环保、低碳经济、能源科技、新材料、医药卫生等领域，拥有巨大的合作潜力。中国还是世界服务贸易和高档消费品增长最快的市场。这意味着英国大量知名品牌产品以及金融、分销、设计、咨询等服务业企业，会有更多机会参与中国市场的竞争。当然，也会有越来越多的中国企业具备与英国企业合作的实力。我们鼓励中英双方企业在各个领域扩大交流和深化合作，共同分享宝贵的发展机遇。

New challenges often present new opportunities.To China and Britain, this crisis will serve as a catalyst to enrich our reciprocal cooperation.At present, governments at all levels in China are in full gear to implement measures targeted at maintaining the steady growth of economy.With the execution of large-scale projects in public welfare, infrastructure, and ecological environment, hundreds of thousands of companies with foreign including British investment will be able to share these new business opportunities.During my investigation and study tours around China, I found that many Chinese enterprises, especially private ones, are very interested in buying more advanced technology and equipment from Europe.Among all EU countries, Britain is the third largest trade partner for China and has made the most investment in cumulative terms.Our two countries enjoy huge potential in such fields as biology, information and environmental technology, low-carbon economy, energy technology, new materials, pharmaceuticals and healthcare.China is the fastest-growing market for international services trade and high-end goods, which could be translated into more opportunities for many famous British brands and companies in such service sectors as finance, distribution, design and consultancy to compete in the Chinese market.Of course, more and more Chinese companies will possess the caliber to cooperate with British companies.We encourage companies from the two countries to further deepen exchanges and cooperation in every field and share those valuable opportunities.女士们，先生们：

Ladies and Gentlemen，尽管当前我们遇到了严峻的挑战，但以科技进步和生产要素全球配置为基础的经济全球化趋势不会逆转，各国经济相互联系和依赖的程度仍将继续加强。英国是自由贸易思想的发源地，亚当?斯密的理论影响了200多年来的国际贸易实践。选择在这里作为我们此次贸易投资促进团的最后一站，赋予了此次活动更加特殊的意义。我们一路走过来，无论是老朋友还是新伙伴，无论是签订合同或者仅仅是洽谈意向，大家都进行了坦诚而深入的沟通，取得了许多有形和无形的丰硕成果。更为重要的是，我们向外界传递了秉持开放心态、携手合作、共渡难关的诚意和信心。我们坚信，未来商机无限，春天终将来临。

Despite the severe challenges in front of us, globalization based on scientific advance and global allocation of resources will remain irreversible.Economies will be even more linked to and dependent on each other.Britain is the birthplace of the idea of free trade.Adam Smith’s theories have influenced international trade over the past 200 odd years.Selecting Britain as the last lag of our trip has added special significance to this event.Along the way, we have had candid and in-depth dialogues with friends old and new.We have reaped tangible and intangible fruits by signing contracts or negotiating intentions.Most importantly, we have demonstrated to the rest of the world our sincerity and confidence to tide over the difficulties by opening mind and joining hands.We believe that there are boundless opportunities in the future, and spring is right around the corner.谢谢大家。

Thank you.