第一篇：第二讲 练习题短文改错真题及解析
好题试做
备考典范
不可不回访的名校名题
(一)(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ)My dream school starts at 8：30 a．m.and ends at 3：30 p．m.They are three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.We didn't need to do so many homework.Therefore，we have more time with after-school activities.For example，we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.My dream school look like a big garden.There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom buildings.We can lie on the grass for a rest，or sat by the lake listening music.The teachers here are kind and helpfully.They are not only our teachers but also our friends.答案：
1．第二句：They→There 解析：表示“上午有三节课，下午有两节课”应使用there be句型。2．第三句：didn't→don't 解析：全文时态是以一般现在时为主，故应将didn't改为don't。3．第三句：many→much 解析：homework是不可数名词，故应用much修饰。
4．第四句：with→for 解析：表示时间、金钱、空间等足够/足以(用于……)时，应使用介词for。
5．第五句：第一个hour→hours 解析：“一个半小时”要说one and a half hours。
6．第六句：look→looks 解析：主语My dream school(我梦想中的学校)是单数，其谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。
7．第七句：删掉第一个the 解析：all kinds of(各种各样的)后直接加可数名词复数或不可数名词，不用再加冠词。
8．第八句：sat→sit 解析：We can lie...，or(can)sit...。
9．第八句：listening后加to 解析：listen是不及物动词，按宾语时要加介词to。
10．第九句：helpfully→helpful 解析：and连接两个形容词作表语，故应将副词helpfully改为形容词helpful。
(二)(2014·浙江卷)I was taking a train to London's Victoria Station.I had noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people.Before long，a train inspector comes to check our tickets.A passenger realized he couldn't find his ticket but became quite upset.Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket，which was eventually found under a seat several rows from his owner.The person who found a ticket smiled with pleasure at his success.No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before.Yet they had so quickly offered the strangers their help.If we could show concern to others on need，the world would be a better place to live in.7．第二段第五句：starts→started 解析：考查时态。因为是今天早晨发生的事情，所以用一般过去时。
8．第二段第六句：closely→close 解析：考查形容词。形容词close作表语。9．第三段：our→your 解析：考查物主代词。
10．第三段：在figure后加out 解析：根据动词短语figure out(想出)可知答案。(四)(2014·四川卷)Hello，boys and girls！Today，I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off.If you hear the alarm，stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead you outside.Stay close to your teacher and classmate.don't be panic or get out of line，and trying to remain quiet and calmly.Soon the firefighters will come and put out a fire.If it's a false alarm and there is no fire，your teacher will lead us back to the classroom.If you notice that when someone is missing and hurt，tell your teacher immediately.答案：
1．第二句：with→about 解析：talk with sb.和某人交谈；talk about sth.谈论某事。2．第二句：go→goes 解析：主语是a fire alarm，谓语动词要用单数形式。3．第三句：在wait后面加for 解析：wait for sb.to do sth.等待某人做某事。
4．第四句：classmate→classmates 解析：classmate是可数名词，根据语境可知不止有一个同学，所以要用复数形式。
5．第五句：trying→try 解析：and连接的是两个并列的祈使句，前面是表示否定的祈使句，后面应是肯定的祈使句，所以要用动词原形。
6．第五句：calmly→calm 解析：此处作系动词remain的表语，所以应用形容词，和quiet并列。
7．第六句：a→the 解析：此处应该是特指上文提到的火灾险情。
8．第七句：us→you 解析：人称代词错误。前文用的是人称代词your，所以此处也应该是you。9．第八句：删掉when 解析：引导词使用重复，that已经引导宾语从句，所以when多余，而且不符合语境。
10．第八句：and→or 解析：此处是选择关系而不是并列关系。
第二篇：中考英语短文改错考点详解及真题解析学习啊
中考英语短文改错考点详解及真题解析
一.中考英语短文改错考点·非谓语动词错误
非谓语动词包括不定式、分词、动名词3种形式。如：
(1)In 1943 Jacques Coustean and his friend made it possible by invent the scuba machine.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」invent改为inventing，inventing是动名词，作介词by的宾语。
(2)Many people like travel by air，but Jim‘s family think that traveling by train is the best.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」travel改为to travel或traveling，不定式或动名词作动词like的动词宾语。
(3)Many countries began look for ways to go into space.(广元市中考题)
「说明」look改为looking或to look，不定式或动名词作动词began的动词宾语
(4)School children walked with their shirts，coasts and anything else they could find pull up over their noses.(苏州市中考题)
「说明」pull改为pulled，“with+宾语+动词的过去分词”结构作伴随状语，with结构中宾语与动词之间是逻辑被动关系。
(5)The people of the desert have to keep move from place to place.(重庆市中考题)
「说明」move改为moving，keep doing sth有“继续做某事”的意思。
二.中考英语短文改错考点·比较等级错误
(1)It is much cheap and far more enjoyable than a rushed trip by air.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」cheap改为 cheaper，much，far，still，a little，a bit修饰形容词或副词的比较级，加强语气。
(2)They made people healthier and live long.(广元市中考题)
「说明」long改为比较级形式longer，与healthier是平行结构。
形容词、副词的误用主要指形容词，副词的混用。
(3)Scientists wanted to see how good their bodies worked when they had different things.「说明」good改为well，well作副词，修饰动词worked.(4)By this time most people had a very well life.(广元市中考题)
「说明」well改为good，good作形容词，修饰名词life.三.中考英语短文改错考点·句法错误
1.并列连词的混用
(1)The world was known to man and the universe was not.(广元市中考题)
「说明」根据行文逻辑，表示并列关系的and 应改为表示转折关系的but.(2)Coustean was very interested in diving deep into the sea，but wanted to be an explorer.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」根据行文逻辑，表示转折关系的but 应改为表示并列关系的and.(3)They would never refuse to help people in trouble，but they would give them food and water.(重庆市中考题)
「说明」根据行文逻辑，表示表示转折关系的but 应改为表示并列关系的and.(4)He has been to many interesting places in Beijing，and he has not yet been to many other parts of China.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」根据行文逻辑，表示并列关系的and 应改为表示转折关系的but.(5)“So something must be done to keep the air nice or clean，” said the scientists.(苏州市中考题)
「说明」根据行文逻辑，表示选择关系的or 应改为表示并列关系的and.(6)“ I know only a chicken is too little for a king‘s evening meal.But I have brought a wolf for you besides the chicken.”(郴州市中考题)
「说明」根据行文逻辑，表示表示转折关系的But 应改为表示因果关系的So.2.连接词的用法错误
这类错误考查句子与句子之间的关系。连接词的使用错误往往会使句子的逻辑关系发生改变，甚至造成句子的语义逻辑混乱。要想把这类错误纠正出来，需要考生对上下文有总体的理解，头脑中有个大概的框架。如：
(1)They had a wonderful train ride to Chengdu after they went on to Mount Emei by bus.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」根据句子的意思将after改为before，表示“他们坐汽车去峨眉山之前，愉快地坐火车先到了成都”。
(2)The result is that they eat a light breakfast，they will work better.(镇江市中考题)
「说明」在 that 后增加if 或when.在表语从句that if / when they eat a light breakfast，they will work better中，包含有if或when引导的状语从句，修饰句子they will work better.句子翻译成：(实验)结果是如果他们少量地吃点早餐，会工作得更出色。
(3)It‘s different from how people think.(镇江市中考题)
「说明」将how 改为what，what people think是一个宾语从句，疑问代词what在从句中充当宾语，有“„„的”之意。
四.中考英语短文改错考点·时态与语态错误
1.时态考点错误
时态错误几乎是短文改错中必设的改错题类。要有目的地去检查文中的每一个谓语动词的时态与上下文、语境以及该句的时间状语是否相符和一致。如：
(1)“You are my younger brother.You had it at first.”(郴州市中考题)
「说明」had 改为have，因为这是一个一般现在时态的句子。
(2)Last week he goes to Mount Emei in Sichuan Province with his family.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」goes改为went，与一般过去时态的时间状语last week保持一致。
(3)Not too long ago，people can‘t go scuba diving on Hainan Island，or anywhere else.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」can‘t 改为couldn’t，与一般过去时态的时间状语not too long ago保持一致。
2.语态考点错误
汉语表达习惯上有时不加“被”字也能表示被动意义，因而有些考生对被动语态不敏感。如：
(1)“Many thousands of trees must be plant every year，” he said.(安徽省中考题)
「说明」plant改为planted，构成被动语态。
(2)“Sand can be sweeping into the air when there is a drought„”(苏州市中考题)
「说明」sweeping改为swept，构成被动语态。
(3)He also was liked to make videos.「说明」将was删去，因为这不是一个被动句。
五.中考英语短文改错考点·一致性错误
1.主谓一致
句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上不一致是改错题型中最为常见的。如：
(1)This were because there was no machine allowing a person to breathe under water for a long time.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」指示代词this作主语，谓语动词用单数，因此将were改为was.(2)The desert people is friendly.(重庆市中考题)
「说明」people作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数，因此将is改为are.2.名词单、复数与其修饰词或上下文保持一致
名词的单、复数与其修饰词语或上下文不一致也是中考常设的改错题。做这类题目时要注意名词是否与其修饰语一致。如：
(1)The animals are useful to the desert people in many way.(重庆市中考题)
「说明」名词way改为ways，与前面的修饰词many一致。
(2)As he explored the sea，he took pictures and videos of many thing that people had never seen before.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」thing改为things，与前面的修饰词many一致。
有的名词一般不用复数形式，但受到某些量词，如many，several，a number of，a variety of等修饰时，要变成复数形式。
(3)They were given kinds of breakfast，and sometimes they got no breakfast at all.(镇江市中考题)
「说明」修饰语kinds of常修饰复数名词，所以breakfast应改为breakfasts.表示事物类别时，名词用复数形式。
(4)School child walked with their shirts，coats and anything else they could find pulled up over their nose.(苏州市中考题)
「说明」child改为children，表示名词类别“学生”;nose改成noses，与限定词their保持一致。
(5)The middle part of the 20th century brought new ways to help people get over disease.(广元市中考题)
「说明」disease改为diseases，表示名词类别“疾病”。
3.代词与其修饰的名词或其先行词保持一致
(1)Too many trees have been cut this years.(苏州市中考题)
「说明」this改为these，与后面的复数名词years保持一致。
(2)They use camels for carrying water，food，tents and another things.(重庆市中考题)
「说明」another改为other，因为another常修饰单数可数名词。
代词的主要功能是指代前面出现过的名词、词组或一个意群，因此代词一定要同它所指代的词在单复数、格或人称上保持一致，这是代词改错的核心。
(3)He bought a ship and used them to explore under the sea.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」them改为it，指代前面的单数名词a ship.六.中考英语短文改错考点·固定搭配错误
(1)When there is not more food for their animals，they move to another place.(重庆市中考题)
「说明」not改为no，固定词组no more表示“不再„„”的意思。
(2)It‘s because you become very hungry at noon that you eat too much for lunch.(镇江市中考题)
「说明」very改为so，so+形容词 / 副词+that结果状语从句。
(3)This was because there was no machine allowing a person to breathe under water for long time.(杭州市中考题)
「说明」for long time改为for a long time，表示“一段时间”。
(4)Coustean was very interested on diving deep into the sea，„
「说明」on改为 in，固定词组be interested in„表示“在„„(方面)有兴趣”。这是一个介词(固定搭配)方面的错误，介词的误用主要指介词与动词、形容词、名词的搭配、介词惯用词组等方面产生的错误。如：
(5)On my way home，I found an old man walking in the front of me.(娄底市中考题)
「说明」介词短语in the front of 表示“在„„的前部”，而in front of 则表示“在„„的前面”。
(6)We visited him at his workplace between the young trees and asked him about his work.(安徽省中考题)
「说明」between改为among，between表示“两者之间”，而among则表示“三者或三者以上之中”。
(7)And he ran slowly that he couldn‘t catch it.(娄底市中考题)
「说明」在ran与slowly两词之间加so.七.中考英语短文改错考点·易混词错误
1.混淆词性的错误
词性错误主要表现在形容词、名词、副词的误用上。考生做这类改错题，要根据词在句中所处的位置来确定其词性是否正确。一般说来，形容词修饰名 词，副词修饰动词，副词修饰形容词。如：
(1)The animals are use to the desert people in many ways.(重庆市中考题)
「说明」use改为useful，useful是形容词，作表语。
(2)The desert people are friend.(重庆市中考题)
「说明」friend改为friendly，friendly是形容词，作表语。
2.混淆词义的错误
英语中有很多词在拼写上、语义上很相似，但是它们的用法却迥然不同。如：
(1)They must always watch for grass or desert plants for their animals.(重庆市中考题)
「说明」watch 改为look.两个动词都表示“看”的意思，但前者表示“很注意地”看，后者与介词for 连用有“寻找”之意。
(2)We visited him at his workplace among the young trees and told him about his work.(安徽省中考题)
「说明」told改为asked.根据上下文，用asked“询问”更合适。
(3)The wind was blowing so hardly.(娄底市中考题)
「说明」hardly改为hard，这两个词词形很接近，但它们表达的是不同的意思，hardly是否定副词，有“几乎不”的意思，而hard 则表示“猛烈地”之意。
(4)We know that the first part of the 20th century saw more large inventions： the helicopter in 1909，movies with sound in 1926，the computer in 1928 and the jet plane in 1930.(广元市中考题)
「说明」large改为great.large表示 “(体积)大”，而great则有“伟大的”的意思。
3.混淆用法的错误
还有一些在意义，概念上容易混淆、用错的词，如：such 与so，ago与before，as与like，many 与much等。如：
(1)Too much trees have been cut these years，making the sandstorm problem worse.(苏州市中考题)
「说明」much改为many，前者常用来修饰不可数名词，后者修饰可数名词。
八.中考英语短文改错考点·时态
动词的时态要与时间状语或上下文的时态保持一致。
例1：The time passes quickly.Evening came.So all of us went home.分析：第二句动词came 及下文其他动词的形式表示此处时态为一般过去时，所以passes应改为passed.例2：Last Sunday，police cars hurry to the tallest building in New York.分析：Last Sunday表明该句应用一般过去时，所以hurry应改为hurried.例3：Today it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.分析：in the past表示过去时间，is应改为was.例4：I use to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time，but now I am interested in football.分析：从“but now”的逻辑性可看出，“现在我对足球感兴趣，打乒乓球是在过去”，所以use应改为used.九.中考英语短文改错考点·主谓一致与平行结构
一、主谓一致
谓语动词的单复数形式要与句子的主语保持一致。
例1：Anyone may borrow books，and it cost nothing to borrow them.分析：it为单数，且根据句子前面的时态可知为一般现在时，所以cost应改为costs.例2：Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.分析：my picture and the prize为复数，所以is应改为are.二、平行结构
在表达相互平行的概念时，要使用相同的语法结构，即动词与动词相配，形容词与形容词相配，分词与分词相配，不定式与不定式相配。平行结构常借助 于and，but，or，not only„but also„ 等连词。例如：
There is no water and air on the moon.分析：在否定句中，并列成分的列举用 or 不用 and.故将 and 改为 or.例2：Li Ping is too young that he can‘t join the army.分析：so„that„ 意为“如此„„以致”，为固定句式，故将too改为so.例3：It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home.分析：根据and的对称性原则，应将drove改为drive，与前面的meet一致。
十.中考英语短文改错考点·介词考点
介词在单句改错中主要考查介词与动词或副词的误用，以及在固定结构和习惯用法中的多余与遗漏。例如：
例1：There are too many people among my family.分析：among后应接复数名词，而family为单数名词，所以among应改为in.例2：We do not seem to get much time to talk about together.分析：talk后边无宾语，所以应删去 about.例3：I wanted to thank you for have me in your home for the Summer holidays.分析：for为介词，后接动名词，have应改为having.例4：So I‘m really sorry that I won’t be able to come in this time.分析：this time为习惯用法，前边不可加介词，故应去掉in.十一.中考英语短文改错考点·连词考点
连词使用不当会造成上下句不衔接。英语中连词按其性质可分为并列连词和从属连词。若句子为复合句，首先判断是何种从句，然后根据主从句之间的关 系判断连接词使用是否准确，是否有遗漏或多余现象;若句子为并列句则要判断句与句之间的关系是并列、转折、选择、递进还是让步关系。例如：
例1：The food was very expensive and the service was good.分析：前后语境为转折关系，所以and 应改为but.例2：It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.分析：认真分析语境可知该句句意为：当我们到达山脚时大约已是正午。显然noon后应加连词when来引导一个时间状语从句。
例3：She was smiling but nodding at me.分析：smiling，nodding为递进式并列关系，而不是转折关系，所以but应改为and.例4：It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.分析：该句句意为：看起来我的父母亲把我当成了参观者或客人了，所以and应改为or，表“或者”，属选择性逻辑关系。
十二.中考英语短文改错考点·形容词与副词考点
在单句改错中，形容词和副词的设错主要用来考查考生是否能根据形容词、副词在句中的位置及其他词的修饰与被修饰关系来判断词的正确使用形式，是 否能辨别形容词和副词的混淆使用，形容词的比较等级是否使用正确等。例如：
例 1：I‘m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.分析：time 为名词，应用形容词修饰，所以 wonderfully 应改为 wonderful.例2：No one worries much about the radio programs young people listen to，although radios can be very noise.分析：be 为连系动词，应用形容词修饰，所以 noise 应改为 noisy.例 3：He is taller than any student in his class.分析：同一范围内，形容词的比较级必须把自己排除掉，即自己不能与自己相比，故需在 any 后加 other.例4：This box is very heavier than that one.分析：比较级前面一般不能用very，so，too，quite等作修饰词，但为了表示比较级的程度，可以用much，a lot，a little，a bit，even，still等作修饰词，所以将句中的very去掉或将其改为much等。
十三.中考英语短文改错考点·代词考点
代词的错误主要表现在是用宾格、主格还是所有格，是用反身代词还是物主代词等;代词所指代的内容要与先行词在性和数方面保持一致，要与其自身的 指代在意义上保持一致。例如：
例1：The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.分析：the Smiths意为“史密斯一家人”，根据主语为复数，his应改为their.例2：And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.分析：根据从句主语we及句意可知，主句主语they应改为we.例3：The day before the match，English teacher talked to me.分析：English teacher为可数名词，前面缺少限定词修饰，根据句意可知应在 English teacher 前加上my.例4：One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.分析：showed后应加it，代替前面的a little story.十四.中考英语短文改错考点·冠词考点
冠词是英语中特有的词类。由于汉语中没有与之相对的词，所以冠词的考查一直是中考的热点。冠词的常见考点有：不定冠词a，an与定冠词的误用;冠词的泛指与特指;固定搭配和习惯用法中冠词的有无等。
例1：As everyone knows，it‘s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.分析：根据语境，该句含义为“众所周知，这是一座名山，上面有着各种动植物”，因此famous前应加不定冠词a.例2：Good health is person‘s most valuable possession.分析：根据语境，该句含义为“健康的身体是一个人最大的财富”，因此person前应加不定冠词a.例3：Each player must obey captain，who is the leader of the team.分析：captain后有定语从句修饰，明显表特指，所以 captain 前边应加定冠词the.例4：Suddenly，I caught a sight of my English teacher.分析：catch sight of 为习惯表达，应删去句中的a.例5：We may be one family and live under a same roof.分析： the same„ 为习惯表达，a 应改为the.例6：My teacher advised me to keep my diary.分析：keep a diary为习惯表达，所以my应改为a.
第三篇：短文改错真题(一)
短文改错（真题一）
Model one When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city.I think I would be happy there.1.___________ Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside.2.__________ There the air is clean or the mountains are green.3.____________ Unfortunately, on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.4.___________________ Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem.5._________ 6.__________ The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier.7._____________ Much rare animals are dying out.8.__________________ We must found ways to protect your environment.9___________ 10.____________ If we fail to do so, we’ll live to regret it.Model two
One day, little Tony went to a shopping center with his parent.1.______________ It was very crowded.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.2.___________ He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.3._________ After looks at the toy for some time, he turned around and found where his parents were missing.4._______________
5.___________ Tony was scared and begun to cry.6.___________ A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.7._____________8._________ Five minutes later, Tony saw parents.9._____________ Mom said, “How nice to see you again!Dad and I were terrible worried.”10.______________ Tony promised her that this would never happen again.Model three
My old classroom was interesting because three side of the classroom were made from glass.1.____________
2.___________ I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.3.______________ On the left-hand side of the class, I could easy see the football field.4.______________ In the morning, it was full of students exercising.The view from the back of the classroom is also splendid.5.____________ Close to the school there was a beautiful park with many trees around them.6.___________ Farther in the distance, I could not enjoy the view of snowy mountains.7.____________ On the right side of the class was the road.I was always interested to see the drivers in hurry in the morning.8.________________ The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming.9._____________ If I was only a child when I studied in that classroom, I will never forget it.10.____________
Model four
My soccer coach retired in last week.1._______________ I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.2.___________ My mum makes the better biscuits in the world, so i decide to ask her for help.3._________ 4.__________ Mum taught me some basic step of backing.5.___________ I insisted on doing most of the baking myself.I thought the biscuits were really well.6.___________ My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up.7.__________
At a party, my coach, with a biscuit in his mouth, asked surprisingly who made them and joked, “ I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits.”8.___________ 9.____________
My favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me enjoy the biscuits with happy laughter!10.________________
Model five Hi, Janice，It’s been a month since I came to this new school and I really want share with you some of the problems I have been experiencing.1.______________
As I tell you last time, I made three new friend here.2.__________ 3.___________ We hang out together during lunch and after school.We’ve been spending a lot of time sing in Karaoke bars.4.__________________ It’s been three Saturdays now and it really costs me many.5._________________ And I started to see this as a time-wasting activity!In fact, I don’t like to go anymore, so I’m afraid I’ll lose their friendship.6.________________ How do you think I should do? 7.____________________ If you are me, would you talk to him?8_______________
9_______________
Please help with me and give me some advice.10_____________________
动词时态与语态练习（20题）
1.If we _____ now to protect the environment, we will live to regret it.A hadn’t acted
B haven’t acted
C don’t act
D won’t act 2.When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I_____ my mind.A have changed
B change
C had changed
D would change 3.We _____ very early so we packed the night before.A leave
B had left
C were leaving
D have left 4.I didn’t think I’d like the movie, but actually it _____ pretty good.A has been
B was
C had been
D would be 5.--Oh, no!We’re too late.The train _______.That’s OK.We’ll catch the next train to London.A was leaving
B had left
C has left
D has been leaving 6.The girl has a great interest in sport and ______ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.A took
B is taking
C takes
D has been taking 7.I’m calling about the apartment you _______ the other day.Could you tell me more about it?
A advertised B had advertised
C are advertising
D will advertise 8.Shakespeare’s play Hamlet______ into at least ten different films over the past years.A had been made
B was made
C has been made
D would be made 9.--Do you think Mom and Dad ______ late? No.Swiss Air is usually on time.A were
B will be
C would be
D have been 10.Hurry up！Mark and Carol ______ us.A expect
B are expecting
C have expected
D will expect 11.--So what is the procedure?
All the applicants_____ before a final decision is made by the authority.A interview
B are interviewing
C are interviewed
D are being interviewed 12.The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers _____ one of the main pipes.A had repaired
B have repaired
C repaired
D are repairing 13.He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all, he _____ it for a very long time.A has had
B had had
C has
D had 14.We are confident that the environment ______ by our further efforts to reduce pollution.A had been improved
B will be improved C is improved
D was improved 15.“ What do you want to be?” asked Mrs.Crawford.“ Oh, I ______ president,” said the boy, with a smile.A have been
B am
C was
D will be 16.Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream.It somewhat _____ us.A bothers
B had bothered
C would bother D bothered 17.--Have you heard about the recent election?
Sure, it ______ the only thing on the news for the last three days.A would be B is C has been
D will be 18.--I don’t understand why you didn’t go
I’m so sorry.But I ______ my homework.A had done
B was doing C would do
D am doing 19.I ______ to visit you later that day, but I had to phone and cancel.A come
B came
C am coming
D was coming 20.On Monday mornings it usually _______ me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.A takes B is taking C took
D will take 定语从句和主语从句(表语从句)的练习(50题）
1.____ he does has nothing to do with me.A.Whatever B.No matter what
C.That
D.If 2.Energy is ____makes thing work..A.what
B.something
C.anything
D.That 3.This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed.A.there B.in which C.where D.When 4.Is _____he said really true? A.that
B.what
C.why D.Whether 5.___the meeting should last two days or three days doesn’t matter.A.That
B.Whether
C.If
D.Where 6.____ all the inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded.A.What;what
B.That;that
C.What;that
D.That;what
7._____ is troubling me is _____ I don’t understand _____ he said A.What;that;what
B.What;what;what C.That;that;what
D.Why;that;which 8.It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.A.believed B.think C.say D.hoped 9.____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where 10.____he always serves the people very well is known.A.What B.That C.Which D.Who 11.____has passed the test will get a prize.A.Whoever B.No mater who C.Whomever D.Who 12.Is____ true that the famous scientist will give us a lecture next week? A that B it C his D he 13.Obviously___ we do morning exercises every day ___ us good.A.that;do B.if;do C what;does
D.that;does 14._______he won't go there is clear to all of us.A.How B.What C.Why D.This 15.___ gets home first is to cook the supper.A.Who B Whom C.Those who D.Whoever 16.___ moved us most was___ he looked after the old man for more than twenty years.A.That;that B.What;that C What;what D.That;what 17.___ you did it is not known to all.A.Who B.What C.How D.Which 18.___ you do should be well done.A.How B.That C.Whatever D Why 19.The reason I plan to go is___ she will be disappointed if I don’t.A.because B.that C.thanks to D.What 20.___ is still a question___ will win.A.It;that B.It;who C.That;who D.This;that 21.In some countries, ___ are called “public schools” are not owned by the state.A.that B.which C.as D.What 22.That is___ I was born and grew up.A.There B.in which C.where D.the place 23.___ she was invited to the party made her very happy.A.What B.That C.When D.Because 24.This is ____ the question lies.A.what
B.that
C.where
D.How 25.The teacher told us that the sun ____ in the east and ____ in the west.A.raised;set
B.raises;sets C.rises;sets
D.rose;set 26.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house_____ I would be staying.A.what
B.when
C.where
D.which 27.There is no simple answer, ______ is often the case in science.A.as
B.that
C.when
D.where 28.Finally he reached a lonely island ______ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.when
B.where
C.which
D.whom 29.The children, _____ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of what
B.all of which
C.all of them
D.all of whom 30.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform_______ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.what
B.where
C.when
D.why 31.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _____ lives were affected.A.whose
B.that
C.who
D.which 32.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, _____ made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A.it
B.that
C.what
D.which 33.Many countries are now setting up national parks _____ animals and plants can be protected.A.when
B.which
C.whose
D.where 34.We have launched another man-made satellite, _____ is announced in today’s newspaper.A.that
B.which C.who D.what 35.He may win the competition, ______he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which case
B.in that case
C.in what case
D.in whose case 36.Happiness and success often come to those _____ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whom
B.who
C.what
D.which
37.He wrote a letter _____ he explained what had happened in the accident.A.what
B.which
C.where
D.how 38.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ______ they live.A.what
B.which
C.when
D.where 39.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _____ are family members.A.them
B.that
C.which
D.whom 40.An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area ______ interact with one another.A.that
B.where
C.who
D.what 41.Maria has written two novels, both of _____ have been made into television series.A.them
B.that
C.which
D.what 42.We live in an age _____ more information is available with great ease than ever before.A.why
B.when
C.to whom
D.on which 43.Ellen was a painter of birds and nature,_____, for some reason, had withdrawn from all human society.A.which
B.who
C.where
D.whom 44.The air quality in the city, ______ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.A.that
B.it
C.as
D.what 45.A lot of language learning, ______ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.A.as
B.it
C.which
D.this 46.When deeply absorbed in work, ______ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.A.that
B.which
C.where
D.when 47.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ______ help I would never have got this far.A.who B.whose
C.whom
D.which 48.By 16:30,_______ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.A.which B.when
C.what
D.that 49.It is the third time that she has won the race, ______ has surprised us all.A.that
B.where
C.which
D.what 50.Sales director is a position, ______ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.A.which
B.that
C.when
D.where
短文改错答案 一．
1.think-thought
2.in(the)countryside
3.or--and
4.on---with 5.been第二个去掉
6.seriously---serious 7.airs---air 8.Much---Many
9.found--find
10.your---our/the 二．
1.parent---parents
2.on---in
3.very 去掉 4.looks---looking 5.where---that.begun---began
7.telling---told
8.a---the
9.(his)parents 10.terrible---terribly 三．
1.side---sides
2.from---of
3.sit---sitting
4.easy---easily 5.is---was
6.them---it
7.not 去掉
8.in(a)hurry 9.felt---feel
10.If---Though/Although 四．
1.in 去掉 2.anything---something 3.better---best 4.step---steps 5.decide---decided 6.well---good 7.after---when/while 8.a---the 9.get---get to
10.enjoy---enjoying 五．
1.want(to)2.tell---told 3.friend---friends 4.sing---singing 5.many---much 6.so---but 7.How---What
8.are---were
9.him---them 10.with去掉
动词的时态和语态（20题）答案
1-5 CACBC
6-10 DACBB
11-15 CDBBD
16-20 ACBDA
第四篇：公文写作改错及真题
公文写作改错及真题
一、发文字号：
1、序号不能有虚位，即数字前不得有0，不得有“第”字样
2、年号份号颠倒
3、年号使用的标点符号错误。
4.秘级错误。只有秘密机密，绝密字样 5.绝密机密要有右上要有序号
6.一些上行文要有签发人,签发人和文号左右平行
二、标题部分：标题是由发文机关、事由、文种组成。
1．有的标题不全
2.有的文种不对，特别常见乱用‘公告’，还有“批复”成了“指示”,通知成了通告 3，有的批转性公文不是法规条文仍用《》 4.公文种类共用，如“请示报告” 5.紧急的在标题中要体现出来
三、主送机关：
1．上行文多头主送
2.有的是请示平级，越级请示；
3.有的是直接送单位而不送人(除非是领导个人交办事项)，但请示不可以直接给领导 4.有的主送机关未写全，特别是简要写法要写全，省市不分等，以及什么省，什么市。5.主送机关名称，即抬头要顶格写 6.必须要有的缺了收文机关
7.党政不分，党对政府部门下命令
四、正文：
1.有的是一文多事，见于请示；
2.有的正文引用发文不规范，如批复等，引用要先文件名，后文号； 3.有的正文数字该用阿拉伯数字，却用汉字； 4.有的是用词不当。“反映”成了“流言”，“发布”成了“散布” 5.标点符号。特别是序列，标准是
一、（一）1.（1）
6.量词。要有法定计量单位，如寸不适用 7.用英文无翻译 8.表彰性通报无名单 9.请示报告送下级
10.平行文，上行文不礼貌，要用“贵局”，不能用“你局” 11.错别字
12.用语或叙事违反公文要则如简练明确等要素 13.一些公文要有联系人，电话等
五、结尾：
1.有的结尾不合作者本意； 2.有的是不合公文格式要求。
3.有的是表现在上行文语气不尊。特别是上行文结尾催办，请即批复等六、一些人称的用法
1.推荐名单表上要先写人名，再写单位，职称等
2.主文中提到了某某人等，随附名单要先列出某某人
七、抄送
请示未获批准抄送下级。抄送两字不能顶格,相对的主题词顶格
八、附件
1.该标明附件却未标出。
2.标明附件要在印章前(尚未找到明确根据)3.附件的顺序和名称 4.附件名称后不用标点
九、发文机关（印章）与发文日期
1）标题上的发文机关与签署（盖章）的发文机关不对应。2）混用汉字与阿拉伯数字，或直接用阿拉伯数字.3）年月日不全
4）乱加字，如 年 月 日“发” 5）发文机关日期上下颠倒
6）印章没有盖或盖错地方或盖反 7）没有发文日期。
8）发文机关（印章）与发文日期位置左错 9)发文时间不能超过发文机关
十、主题词 1）没有主题词
2）太少或太多，3-5，不超7(尚未找到明确根据)
十一.版式问题
重要公文制发单位只能是办公室 历年公考公文改错真题
公文改错题(指出下列公文的8处错误)抬头 关于办理商标注册附送证件问题的批复
主送机关 某某《关于办理商标注册附送证件问题的请示》收悉，国务院大致同意关于办理商标变更、转让或者续展注册时不再附送原商标注册证的意见，但考虑到这一问题涉及《商标法实施细则》的修改，特批复如下，盼遵照执行。
本批发第一项、第四项由你局在1995年12月15日前发布。第二项、第三项由你局在一九九八年十一月一前发布。
国务院
1995年4月23日制发
①标题不完整
②缺主送机关
③“大致同意”用法不当
④实施细则应用全称
⑤语气不当“盼......” ⑥“一九九八......”表达错误
⑦作者位置不当
⑧“制发”二字多余。
中国人民银行××市分行 位置
关于转发总行《储蓄工作座谈会纪要》的通知 ×银发［2002］×号 现将总行的《储蓄工作座谈会纪要》转发给你们，请立即组织研究，展开讨论，并根据《纪要》精神，认真贯彻执行。当前，首先要抓好第一季度的工作，以便为全年工作打下基础。
中国人民银行××市分行 二〇〇二年七月二十四日
一般来说，转发性通知只能有一个目的，或为执行，或为讨论，或为参考，二者不能兼得，更不能三者兼得。上面这则通知一方面让人家“研究讨论”，一方面又让人家“贯彻执行”，这二者是不可兼得的。因为“研究讨论”意味着转发对象尚不成熟，还没有达到“执行”的程度；而“贯彻执行”却意味着转发对象已经成熟，已经没有“研究讨论”的必要了。作者在这里显然犯了自相矛盾的错误，违背了形式逻辑中的不矛盾律。这是转发性通知中的一种多发病和常见病。
××市人民政府 标题
××镇人民政府：biaoti 对你镇的数次请示，经研究作答复如下：
其一，原则同意批准你镇建立联合贸易公司，负责本镇的内、外贸易工作。你镇应尽快使联合贸易公司开始营业。其二，你镇提出试行“关于违反计划生育规定的处罚办法”最好不执行，因为这个办法违反上级有关文件精神。
其三，对你镇提出要建一俱乐部活跃居民文化生活一事，予以批准，但规模要适当控制，量力而行。
其四，同意你镇组团参加在上海举办的服装节和在服装节上进行引资促销活动。××市人民政府 2001年×月×日
一是违反一文一批的原则。市政府在积存了某乡四件请示之后，才合在一起给了这样一个批复，这样做有多种弊端：（1）延误时间，耽误下级工作；（2）多种事项集于一篇公文之中，内容杂乱；（3）一份公文涉及多方面工作，给下级落实带来困难。因为这些工作在下级机关是由不同单位和不同负责人分管的，由哪个负责人承担批复的落实工作，不好确定。正确的做法是，下级报来一份请示，就及时回复一份批复。对方的四份请求，应有四份相应的批复。
二是标题不合要求。本批复的标题只有文种品称，没有发文机关和主要内容，不够认真严肃，也影响工作效率。
三是用语含糊不清，观点不明确。如“原则同意”、“最好不执行”、“违反上级有关文件精神”，都没有明确指出自己的观点，使下级无法执行。四是时间要用汉字，不能用阿拉伯数字。
××市工业局文件 ××字（2002）××号
签发人：张平
××市工业局关于印发“关于节减行政经费的几项规定”的通知
我局同意××市财政局关于节减行政经费的几项规定”中提出的意见，认为切实可行，请结合本单位的情况参照执行。
附：××市财政局文件 2002.10.16 主题词：印发、规定、通知
抄送：××市人民政府、××市财政局
（1）发文字号不规范，应为××〔2002〕23号；（2）下行文不应标注签发人，应取消，发文字号居中排列；
（3）标题不规范，应将“印发”改为“转发”，引号应改为书名号《》；（4）缺主送机关，应写明收文单位名称；
（5）转发同级机关公文，不应用批示语气，如“我局同意”、“所提意见切实可行”等；（6）《规定》属规范性公文，应认真执行而不应写“参照”执行；（7）附件说明不规范，应具体写明附件的标题；
（8）成文日期不规范，应用汉字写全年月日，即二〇〇二年十月十六日；应加盖印章；（9）主题词不规范，应表明公文的主题项：行政经费；主题词之间空一个汉字位置，不用标点符号；
（10）转发公文不应再向其他机关抄送，应取消抄送机关。
各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府：
今年初，枝江县董镇信用社职工××同志为保卫国家财产，面对英勇歹徒，顽强搏斗，最后擒获歹徒。为此决定：授予××同志先进工作者称号。
国务院希望各条战线的群众、工人、农民、知识分子认真贯彻十三届四中、5中、6中全会精神，胸怀全局，艰苦奋斗，努力工作，为社会主义现代化建设做出更大贡献。
中共中央、国务院90年4月24日
1.标题结构不完整，应改为“中共中央、国务院关于授予××同志先进工作者称号的决定”。2.“今年初”这一时间概念表达不当，应改为“1990年初”。3.枝江县前应冠以省名。4.“英勇歹徒”的表达有误。
5.“群众、工人、„„”等搭配不当。6.数字表达不一致，不应用阿拉伯数字。7.作者排列有误，应分两行排列。8.日期书写有误，应用汉字。
公文改错题（找出下列公文中的错误并说明理由，本题10分。）
关于申请拨给灾区贷款专项指标的报告
省行：
江两岸乡、村同时发生洪水，灾情严重。经初步不完全统计，农田受灾总面积达38000多亩，各种农作物损失达100多万元，农民个人损失也很大。灾后，我们立即深入灾区了解灾情，并发动干部群众积极开展生产自救。同时，为帮助受灾农民及时恢复生产，我们采取了下列措施：
一、对恢复生产所需的资金，以自筹为主。确有困难的，先从现有农贷指标中贷款支持。
二、对受灾严重的困难户，优先适当贷款，先帮助他们解决生活问题。到×月×日止，此项贷款已达××万元。
由于这次灾情过于严重，集体和个人的损失都很大，短期内恢复生产有一定的困难，仅靠正常农贷指标难以解决问题。为此，请省行下达专项救灾贷款指标××万元，以便支持灾区迅速恢复生产。
以上报告当否，请批示。××银行××市支行 一九九八年×月×日
一、文种选择有误
从标题看，这篇公文是向省行提出灾区贷款专项指标的申请，目的是获得省行的批准。从正文的主体部分看，两条措施确属报告性质，但随后出现的专项贷款请求，就不是报告应有的内容了。从结语看，“以上报告妥否，请批示”，有着很强的期复性。因此，综合起来看，这篇公文应改为《关于拨给灾区贷款专项指标的请示》。
二、内容含糊
这是由于原文混淆了报告和请示的界限而造成的。写请示，只需写明请示缘由、请示事项，最后提出请示要求即可，与此无关的内容不应写入。而原文提出的两条措施：“对恢复生产所需的资金，以自筹为主”、“对受灾严重的困难户，优先适当贷款”，既不是请示缘由，也不是请示事项，不应该写入文中。
三、语言不准确
文中有多处语言不确切。如“×江两岸乡、村同时发生洪水”，×江两岸所有村庄都遭受洪灾似不可能，“同时发生”更不可能。“灾情较重”跟后面“这次灾情过于严重”的说法相龃龉；“据初步不完全统计”，“初步”和“不完全”语意重复。
第五篇：高考英语短文改错练习题十组
短文改错练习题十组
（一）My parents are both interested in reading and music , and
1_________ my father prefers to history books while my mother likes
2_________ to read novels and woman's magazines.In music , their
3__________ tastes are similar , and they had never tired of folk music.4__________ Most of the time , they are in agreement on bringing up
5__________ children , They both believe in giving their children loves ，6__________ and none believes in punishing a child physically.7__________ for times , they agree with each other , but sometimes
8__________ they seem differently.Perhaps that is why none of
9__________ their children knows for sure which parents he should follow.10_________
（二）There was an old say in England :“See a pin
1___________ and pick it up , all the day you have a good luck.”
2____________ It is 8:30 a.m.Ted , a little Londoner got to the
3____________ underground railway station.It was such a busy
4____________ hour when too many people were rushing in.5____________ Ted happened to see a pin in the ground.To have
6____________ good luck he decided to pick up.When he stopped ，7____________ a very fat woman fall over him.Poor Ted could see
8___________ the pin very clear , but not many people could see Ted
9____________ and fat woman.Unfortunately , men and women were on top of them!10___________
（三）Two friends were traveling across the forest
1___________ when they met with a bear.The one who was in big
2___________ fear , climbed up into a tree and hide himself，3___________ without thinking of his friend.The another one
4____________ found that had no chance to running away, so
5____________ he threw himself on the ground and pretended
to dead.For he had heard that a bear
6___________ could never touch a dying body.7___________ as he thus lain, the bear came up to
8____________ his head , and smelt at his nose and ears.9____________ but the man held his breathe , and the beast
10___________ supposing him to be dead , walked away.（四）
Jack London was a famous America writer.He was
1__________ born in January 12th , 1876 , in San Francisco.His family
2__________ was very poor , Jack had to leave for school to make
3__________ money.He worked hard in much different jobs.4___________ Later Jack returned school , but he didn't stay.He
5___________ wrote , “Life and pocket book were all too short.”
6___________ In 1887, He went to Alaska to find out gold.He
7___________ returned home and started to write.His writings were successful , 8___________ and he became rich and famous.Jack was no a happy man , 9____________ however.In poor health , he took off her own life in 1926.10__________
（五）Yesterday I bought a new coat in a shop , and I
1____________ found it so big for me.This morning , I went to the shop
2____________ and change the coat I bought yesterday.But the
3____________ salesgirl treated me coldly.Firstly , she didn't admit
4____________ that I buy the coat in her shop.Then she said
5___________ I made it be dirty.So I got very angry and
6___________ quarreled with him , pointing to the rules on the wall.7___________ Just then , manager turned up.He said sorry
8____________ to me.At last they changed other one for me.9____________ in satisfaction, I said good-bye to them and took
10____________ the new coat home happily.（六）
In the eighteenth century , cities became
larger and larger.People have moved from
1____________ the country and small towns in cities ，2_____________ because there were more work for them to
3_____________ do in cities.In Sundays and Holidays , people
4____________ liked to go to the country to have a good time
there.But no every family had a horse and carriage.5____________ Inventors tried to meet the need.The first bicycle , that was very simple ，6____________ appeared in 1790.People called it as “the horse
7____________ on the wheels ”.Then in 1861 with many
8____________ improvements ,bicycle became a practical form of transportation.9___________ People liked bikes because of they were less expensive than horses.10__________
（七）You are a middle school student , are you ?
1___________ So of course , you have a teacher teaches you English.2____________ And under the help of your teacher , you do a lot
3___________ of listening , speaking ,reading and writing in the
4____________ class.That's right.you should follow your teacher study
5____________ hard.But , I think , if you want improve your
6____________ English fast , I'll give you an advice that after
7___________ class or in your free time , you should listen to
8___________ BBC English from London in the radio or watch TV.9____________ CCTV broadcast good English Programmes , too.10___________
（八）Tables manners are important in China.If
1____________ one is invited to dinner , he should not late
2____________ and should bring some small gift for the host.3____________ The oldest sits facing the door or the
4_____________ window and the other gests sit in order of his
5____________ age.One should begin eating until everyone
6____________ was seated.It is bad manners to eat
7____________ only from the best dish , to talk with the mouths
8____________ full and eat neither too fast or too slow.9____________ If one finishes eating and wish to leave ，10___________ he should say “ Take your time , please ”to the other guests.（九）
When Joe left university , he was got a job in a factory ，1____________ but after he had been where for some years , he decided that
2____________ he have a change , so he put a notice in several newspapers，3____________ said what experience he had and the kind of job he would
4____________ like to have.One of the answer received was from a man
5____________ who was looking a job , too.This man wrote to him , “Dear , sir 6____________ when you get a new job , be kind enough to give your name and 7____________ address to your present master as I have been tried to find
8___________ a position like yours for a long time ,”After he read the letter ，9____________ he audden realized that what he had done was really foolish.10___________
（十）All the world people enjoy sports.Sports
1___________ help to keep people healthy , happily and help them to live
2___________ longer.Many people like to watch the others
3__________ to play games.They buy tickets or turn up
4___________ their TV to watch them.Often they get very
5___________ happy when “their” players or team win.Some
6___________ sports are very interested and people everywhere
7____________ like them very much.Football , for example , played
8___________ around the world.Swimming is popular at
9___________ all countries near the sea or in those of
10___________ many rivers or lakes.参考答案：
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