英文修辞手法与例句[范文模版]

第一篇：英文修辞手法与例句[范文模版]

英语修辞手法

12级商务英语1班 高腾 学号201222410201 1)Simile：(明喻）It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic in common.To make the comparison, words like as, as...as, as if and like are used to transfer the quality we associate with one to the other.For example, As cold waters to a thirsty soul, so is good news from a far country.明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.1.In his dream he saw the tiny figure fall as a fly 在他的梦中他看见那小小的人影像苍蝇一般地落了下来。

————《英语文摘》2015-2

比喻形象生动，把人影比作苍蝇突出其渺小。

2.The old man’s hair is as white as snow.老人的头发雪白。———The Washington Post 2)Metaphor：(暗喻）It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated.For example, the world is a stage.隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.1.Life is an isthmus between two eternities.生活是永恒的生死两端之间的峡道

——《21 century》2014-3 2.I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.————《英语文摘》2015-2

这里用肌肉代指力气，肌肉的功能也就是出力气，直接用肌肉来代表则用了暗喻手法，加强表达效果。

3）Personification:(拟人）It gives human form of feelings to animals, or life and personal attributes to inanimate objects, or to ideas and abstractions.For example, the wind whistled through the trees.拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.1.The sun smiled down on the green meadows 太阳向着绿茵茵的草地俯首微笑

————《natural science》2015-1 2.The ancient wilderness dreamed, stretched itself all open to the sun,and seemed to sigh with immeasurable content.————《GUARDIAN》 古老的荒野做着梦, 直挺挺地躺在太阳下, 好像无限满足地叹了口气。

给荒野以人格，通过对荒野的描写展现出当时的情景，给人感同身受的感觉，也让画面更形象具体。3.But the house was cold，closed，and unfriendly.可是那房子冷漠无情，门窗紧闭，一点也不友好。

————《英语文摘》2015-3 4)Hyperbole:(夸张）： It is the deliberate use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis.For instance, he almost died laughing.夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果..1.I was mad for success and on the news of success I went mad with joy.我对于成功极度地渴望，每当听到我获得成功的消息，我都高兴得快疯了。————《英语文摘》2015-2 2.1 want to crash you in my arms and cover you with all my kisses 我要拥你入怀，吻遍你。

————《LETTER》 “crash”与“cover”这两个动词用得如此精彩与顶极,将小伙子对爱人炽热真切的爱情渲泄得尽善尽美，5）Euphemism:(委婉）It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive(无冒犯)expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant.For instance, we refer to “die” as” pass away“.婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话

1.If anything happened to me, please take care of my wife and children.————《英语学习报》2015.5

如果我有个三长两短的话，请照看我的妻子与小孩。这里的anything可以指“不幸”，甚至“死亡”是委婉的修辞格

2.用 sanitation engineer 替代garbage man(清洁工)3.用 the disadvantaged替代 the poor(穷人)4.用 industrial action替代 strike(罢工)——《网络》

6）Metonymy(转喻）It is a figure of speech that has to do with the substitution of the mane of one thing for that of another.For instance, the pen(words)is mightier than the sword(forces).借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.1.When the war was over，he laid down the sword and took up the pen.战争结束后，他弃戎从文

————《economist》

2.Sometimes the pen maybe mightier than the sword.有时文人比武士更有力量。

————《economist》

3.The messenger was not long in returning, followed by a pair of heavy boot that came bumping along the passage like boxes.送信人不久就回来了, 后面跟着一个穿着笨重鞭子的人, 在过道里走得咯噔咯噔乱响, 像滚动的箱子一样。

————《Reader’s Digest》

此例中 a pair of heavy boot(一双笨重的靴子)属于Metonymy 译文加词为“一个穿着笨重靴子的人” 4.The baby was brought up on the bottle.这个婴儿是喝牛奶或羊奶长大的。————《dope》

7）Synecdoche(提喻）It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part.For instance, they say there's bread and work for all.She was dressed in silks.提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般

1.Many hand,make light woke.局部代替整体,用hands表示干活的人 ————《economist》 2..The fox goes very well with your cap.这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.————《Reader’s Digest》 3.6.It was reported that China won the volleyball match.椐报载：在这次排球赛中，中国队赢了。

————《21 century》（以国家名称China代该国球队the Chinese Volleyball Team）

8）Pun:(双关语）It is a play on words, or rather a play on the form and meaning of words.For instance, a cannon-ball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms.(Here ”arms“ has two meanings: a person's body;weapons carried by a soldier.)双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种解释,旁敲侧击,从而达到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的词形.词意与谐音的方式出现.1.Make your every hello a real good-buy.让你的每地声“哈”都真的物有所值。

————《Nature Magazine》 2.We must all hang together, or we shall hang separately.我们必须紧密地团结在一起, 否则我们将被一个个地绞死。

————《Reader’s Digest》 3.What do lawyers do when they die? Lie still 律师死了干啥? 身子动弹不得, 嘴上撒谎依旧。

————《英语文摘》2014-9 原文通过谐音使用一种称为Pun的修辞格,构造出“一语双关”的艺术意境。谐音之妙,顿生诙谐幽默。要传达出原作的这种美学效果,必须进行创造性翻译。译文以汉语“对隅”辞格变通对译“ Lie still” ,通过转换辞格,前后对照,使双重含义泾渭分明,从而使原文的妙处“失之东隅,收之桑榆”。

9）Irony:(反语）It is a figure of speech that achieves emphasis by saying the opposite of what is meant, the intended meaning of the words being the opposite of their usual sense.For instance, we are lucky, what you said makes me feel real good.Irony 的含义比汉语的反语广泛。它包括 verbal irony, dramatic irony, situational irony。也是正话反说，反话正说，一般需借助于特定的上下文与语境才能被正确理解。在多数情况下，irony可以译成汉语的反语。

1.She talked about great people as if she had the fee-simple of May fair, and when the court went into mourning, she always wore black.————《英语文学周报》2015-1 她一开口就是某某勋爵某某大人，那口气竟好象她生来就是贵族。宫里有了丧事，她没有一回不穿孝。

2.The house detective’s piggy eyes surveyed her scornfully from his gross jeweled face.————《英语文学周报》2015-2 探长用他那双夹在面部隆起的肉堆中的猪眼睛轻蔑地将她上下打量了一番。用反语修辞格讽刺意味浓厚，3.The Bible,” he thundered in his sonorous organ tones, “ is not going to be driven out of this court by experts who come hundreds of miles to testify that they can reconcile evolution, with its ancestors in the jungle, with man made by God in His image and put here for His purpose as part of a divine plan.————《读者文摘》2014-3 “《圣经》，”他用洪亮的嗓音大喊大叫道，“是不会被那些千里迢迢赶来作证的学者专家们赶出这个法庭的。这些专家们来到这里的目的是想证明主张人类祖先来自丛林的进化论与上帝按照天机，依其形象创造人类并安排到这个世界上来的看法，是并行不悖的。”

4.“ If people keep telling you to quit smoking cigarettes, don' t listen.....they' re probably trying to trick you into living.”

————《American Cancer Society》 这是一则反语在广告中使用的极好例证。不是说教般告诉人们“ Smoking is harmful to your health”,该公益广告以反语的形式将这个意思表达了出来,从而创造出轻松而幽默的氛围,使他更易于被读者接受。

10)Innuendo:(暗讽）It is a mild form of irony, hinting in a rather roundabout(曲折)way at something disparaging(不一致)or uncomplimentary(不赞美)to the person or subject mentioned.For example, the weatherman said it would be worm.He must take his readings in a bathroom.反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在指责过失.错误时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法.1.This diligent student seldom reads more than an hour per month.————《Reader’s Digest》

这个勤奋的学生每个月读书时间不超过一小时。

2.he is a man who is most dependable when you are not in need

————《free talk》

你不需要时他总是最值得依赖的

11）Allegory（讽喻）an expressive style that uses fictional characters and events to describe some subject by suggestive resemblances;an extended metaphor建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。

1.there is no garden without its weed

表面意思没有不长草的花园，言外之意没有什么是完美的————《Fortune》 2.A proof of the budding is in the eating 表面意思布丁好不好，吃了才知道，言外之意实践出真知

————《Forbes》 12）Paradox:(仿拟）It is a figure of speech consisting of a statement or proposition which on the face of it seems self-contradictory, absurd or contrary toestablished fact or practice, but which onfurther thinking and study may prove to be true, well-founded, and even to contain a succinct point.For example more haste, less speed.这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞.1.More haste, less speed。欲速则不达

————《Reader’s Digest》

2.The child is the father to the man。（童年时代可决定人之未来）三岁看大，四岁看老。

————《英语文摘》2015-3

3.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year。罗马不是一天建成的，一年也不行。

————《经济学人》2015-4 13）Oxymoron:(矛盾修饰）It is a compressed paradox, formed by the conjoining(结合)of two contrasting, contradictory or incongruous terms as in bitter-sweet memories, orderly chaos(混乱)and proud humility。

这也是一种矛盾修辞法,用两种不相调与的特征形容一个事物,以不协调的搭配使读者领悟句中微妙的含义.1.A miserable，merry Christmas.悲喜交加的圣诞节。

————《经济学人》 2.He called my conviction a victorious defeat.他称这次庭审结果是一次“胜利的失败”。

————《Reader’s Digest》 3.It [New York]has the poorest millionaires, the littlest great man, the haughtiest beggars, the plainest beauties, the lowest skyscrapers, the dolefulest pleasures of any town I ever saw.———O.Henry 这座城市(指纽约)里有的是心灵最空虚的百万富翁,人格最渺小的伟人,最目空一切的乞丐,最使人瞧不上眼 的美女,最肮脏龌龊的摩天大楼,与最乏味的娱乐,比我所见到过的任何城市都有过之而无不及。

原文中一连用了六个Oxymoron辞格,十分生动、形象地描述了作者对大都市纽约的印象,从而深刻地揭示了纽约在繁华背后隐藏着丑陋的双重性,极富哲理,发人深省。

14）Antithesis:(对照）It is the deliberate arrangement of contrasting words or ideas in balanced structural forms to achieve emphasis.For example, speech is silver;silence is golden.这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.1.Not that I loved Caesar less but that I loved Rome more.不是我不喜欢凯撒，而是我更喜欢罗马 这是《凯撒大帝》里的台词 将意义相反的语句并列在一起做对比突出表达效果。

2.Give me liberty, or give me death.给我自由，否则杀了我。

————《Reader’s Digest》

15）Climax:(渐进）It is derived from the Greek word for ”ladder“ and implies the progression of thought at a uniform or almost uniform rate of significance or intensity, like the steps of a ladder ascending evenly.For example, I came, I saw, I conquered.这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大小.轻重.深浅.高低等逐层渐进,最后达到顶点.可以增强语势,逐渐加深读者印象.1.I came, I saw, I conquered.我来了，看了，征服了

2.Social position,friends,reputation,life itself,had no longer any attraction for him.社会地位、朋友、名誉、生活本身对他再没有什么吸引力了.分析：通过渐进逐步过渡到高潮，在两个句子中分别达到了突出表达与强调的作用。

16)Apostrophe：(顿呼）In this figure of speech, a thing, place, idea or person(dead or absent)is addressed as if present, listening and understanding what is being said.1.England!awake!awake!awake!英格兰，醒来吧，醒来吧，醒来吧

————《经济学人》2015-4 2.Who is like You, O Lord, among the gods?耶与华啊，众神之中谁能像你？ ————《圣经》 分析：突然的发出，表现强调。

17）Anti-climax or bathos:(突降）It is the opposite of Climax.It involves stating one's thoughts in a descending order of significance or intensity, from strong to weak, from weighty to light or frivolous.For instance, But thousands die, without or this or that, die, and endow(赋予)a college, or a cat.与climax相反的一种修辞法,将一系列词语由大到小,由强到弱地排列.1.Alas!Alas!What shall I do?I've lost my wife and best hat,too。

————《Reader’s Digest》 哎呀哎呀!我怎么办呢?我失去了妻子,又丢了最好的帽子

2.The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.————《英语学习报》

士兵的职责是保卫祖国与剥土豆皮.18）Alliteration:(头韵）It has to do with the sound rather than the sense of words for effect.It is a device that repeats the same sound at frequent intervals(间隔)and since the sound repeated is usually the initial consonant sound, it is also called ”front rhyme".For instance, the fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, the furrow followed free.头韵是在一句话中, 或一个诗行中, 用了几个以同样字母开头的词。

1.He is all fire and fight.他怒气冲冲, 来势汹汹。

2.From their slopes flow streams feeding the oases strung along the rim of inland deserts.条条溪水, 潺潺而下, 滋润着镶嵌于内陆沙漠边缘的片片绿洲。

以上两句采用英语的头韵修辞法, 译为汉语时分别改为汉语对偶;汉语叠词、象声词等修辞法。3.Then Lieutenant Grub launched the old recruiting routine,“See, save and serve!” 于是, 格拉布上尉开始说起招兵的老一套了“:见见世面, 攒点钱, 为国家出点力!此例主要修辞手法是头韵。See,save and serve 在用作不及物动词时, 宾语实际上隐含在动词后面, 译成汉语时需要把它表达出来。因此译文中分别增加了“世面”、“钱”、“国家”三个词。加词翻译的原则是所加的词原文虽然没有,然而却包含了这层意思。加词以后能更清楚地表现原文的思想韵味,又不增加新的意思。

19）Onomatopoeia:(拟声）It is a device that uses words which imitate the sounds made by an object(animate or inanimate), or which are associated with or suggestive(提示的)of some action or movement。

1.The messenger was not long in returning, followed by a pair of heavy boot that came bumping along the passage like boxes.送信人不久就回来了, 后面跟着一个穿着笨重鞭子的人, 在过道里走得咯噔咯噔乱响, 像滚动的箱子一样。

碰撞属于拟声译文增词为“咯噔咯噔乱响

20）Analogy(类比）It is also a form of comparison, but unlike simile or metaphor which usually uses comparison on one point of resemblance, analogy draws a parallel between two unlike things that have several common qualities or points of resemblance.1..Appropriate praise to a child is what the sun is to a flower。

————《nature》 恰当的赞扬对孩子的作用，就像阳光对于花朵的作用一样。

2.Writing a book of poetry is like dropping a rose petal down the Grand Canyon and waiting for the echo.写一本有关诗歌的书如同将一片玫瑰花瓣扔进大峡谷等待它的回音。

————《Reader’s Digest》 第一句将“赞扬对孩子的‘作用’”与“阳光对花朵的‘作用’”做类比，突出表现了赞扬的好处，而第二句将“写书的‘动作’”与“把玫瑰花瓣扔到大峡谷‘等回音’”相类比表现写诗求回应的艰难。这两句中都只是作用与动作的对比，并无本体与喻体。域名与何安与在本质上有区别。

21)Syllepsis:(一语双叙）It has two connotations.In the first case, it is a figure by which a word, or a particular form or inflection of a word, refers to two or more words in the same sentence, while properly applying to or agreeing with only on of them in grammar or syntax(句法).In the second case, it a word may refer to two or more words in the same sentence.1.He addressed you and me, and desired us to follow him.(Here us is used to refer to you and me.（第一种）他游说了我与你，让咱们跟随他； 2.while he was fighting , and losing limb and mind, and dying, others stayed behind to pursue education and career（第二种）当他在战斗中失去肢体，心灵甚至生命时，其他人却在后面追求着教育与事业。(Here to losing one's limbs in literal;to lose one's mind is figurative, and means to go mad.)第一句中用我们（us）来包含我与你（you and I）；第二句中则是用失去肢体与心灵等来表现他即将步入疯狂。

22)Zeugma:(轭式搭配）It is a single word which is made to modify or to govern two or more words in the same sentence, wither properly applying in sense to only one of them, or applying to them in different senses.1.Two bandits killed the man and the luggage.两个匪徒干掉了那个人并抢了行李。———《21 century》2.Lawsuit consumes time, and money, and rest, and friends.诉讼使人耗费时间、金钱并使人失去安宁与朋友。

————《21 century》 ：第一句中kill 支配了两个宾语，本不用于kill的宾语luggage也纳入了其支配；第二句则是将rest与friends 纳入了consume的支配下修饰。

23）rhetorical repetition(叠言)Rhetorical repetition at the beginning of a phrase of the word or words with which the previous phrase ended

1.It must be created by the blood and the work of all of us who believe in the future, who believe in man and his glorious man—made destiny.————《china daily》

它必须用我们这些对于未来，对于人类以及人类自己创造的伟大命运具有信心的人的鲜血与汗水去创造。2.Because good technique in medicine and surgery means more quickly—cured patients, less pain, less discomfort, less death, less disease and less deformity.————《世界医学杂志》

因为优良的医疗技术与外科手术意味着更快地治疗病人，更少痛苦，更少不安，更少死亡，更少疾病，与更少残废。分析：通过叠言加强语气达到强调作用。

24）synesthesia（通感）a sensation that normally occurs in one sense modality occurs when another modality is stimulated.1.Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed and some few to be chewed and digested.有些书只需浅尝辄止，另一些供囫囵吞枣，尚有数需要细嚼慢咽，消化吸收。

——《Forbes》2.The people are silent in the baking court.人们在气氛炙热的法庭上鸦雀无声。——《News Week》 第一句将读书与吃联系在一起，让人更容易理解，第二句中baking本意为“烘、烤”，移用到法庭上来形容审判时的严肃、紧张的气氛，使读者有身临其境之感。

第二篇：修辞手法例句

修辞手法例句

比喻句：1.露似珍珠月似弓。2.阳光下盛开的百合花就是您的笑容。

3.皎洁的明月高挂在淡蓝色的天空中，月光像流水一样泻下来，大地一片银白色。

4.春风像个慈祥的母亲，拂着你的脸颊，使你感到舒畅，心旷神怡。

5.云彩像一朵朵洁白的羽毛，轻轻的飘浮在空中。

比拟句：拟人

1、井冈山上的毛竹,同井冈山人一样坚贞不屈

2、群山肃立,江河挥泪,辽阔的祖国大地沉浸在巨大的悲痛之中

3、她在呢喃低语中朦胧睡去,窗口的两支红烛滴落着一滴一滴红色的泪

拟物：他跑的像兔子一样快,妈妈追不上他.3、他确乎有点像一橡树，坚壮、沉默，而又有生气

4、我到了自家的房外，我的母亲早已迎着出来 了，接着便飞出了八岁的侄儿宏儿 借代：为了明天的“面包”和昨日的债务，我不得辛苦的工作着。（借代生活）

不拿群众“一针一线”。

小明这次又拿了“满江红”，唯恐回家又要被骂了。

乌纱帽

夸张：我住的房间只有巴掌大。

他一口气吸干了长江水。

我觉得这碗有千斤重，怎么也喂不到嘴边。

对偶句：正对：惨象，已使我目不忍视了；流言，尤使我耳不忍闻

反对：谦受益，满招损。

革命家赤胆忠心，虽死犹生。野心家祸国殃民，生不如死。

串对：山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。排比句：关爱是一个眼神，给学生无声的祝福；

关爱是一缕青风，给学生身心的舒畅；

关爱是一场春雨，给学生心田的滋润；

关爱是一句问侯，给学生春天的温暖。设问句：白色的花含有什么色素呢？

这瓶饮料时谁买来的？原来是妈妈买的。

这是谁的房子？哦！这是吴敏的房子。反问句：字典难道不是我们的良师益友吗？

这条街难道不热闹吗？

毛主席都是如此，我们还有什么好骄傲的呢？

第三篇：英语中19种修辞手法和例句

1.Simile 明喻

明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:

1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻

隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如:

1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻

借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:

1>.The kettle boils.水开了.2>.The room sat silent.全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:

Lend me your ears, please.请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:

a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集

VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:

I had the muscle, and they made money out of it.我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻

提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:

1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)

他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)

他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）

这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉

这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉 写感觉”。比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。

例如:

1>.The birds sat upon a tree and poured forth their lily－like voice.（用视觉形容听觉，鸟落在树上，由它发出的声音联想到 百合花）鸟儿落在树上,倾泻出百合花似的声音.2>.Taste the music of Mozart.（用嗅觉形容听觉）品尝Mozart的音乐.6.Personification 拟人

拟人是把生命赋予无生命的事物.例如:

1>.The night gently lays her hand at our fevered heads.（把夜拟人化）

2>.I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.（把鸟拟人化）7.Hyperbole 夸张

夸张是以言过其实的说法表达强调的目的.它可以加强语势,增加表达效果..例如:

1>.I beg a thousand pardons.2>.Love you.You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars.3>.When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.8.Parallelism 排比,平行

这种修辞法是把两个或两个以上的结构大体相同或相似,意思相关,语气一致的短语.句子排列成串,形成一个整体.例如:

1>.No one can be perfectly free till all are free;no one can be perfectly moral till all are moral;no one can be perfectly happy till all are happy.2>.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon you and yours, to the last of your bad race, to answer for them.In the days when all these things are to be answered for, I summon your brother, the worst of your bad race, to answer for them separately.9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法

婉辞法指用委婉,文雅的方法表达粗恶,避讳的话.例如:

1>.He is out visiting the necessary.他出去方便一下.2>.His relation with his wife has not been fortunate.他与妻子关系不融洽.3>.Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997.（去世）10.Allegory 讽喻,比方（原意“寓言”）

建立在假借过去或别处的事例与对象之上，传达暗示，影射或者讥讽现世各种现象的含义。

这是一种源于希腊文的修辞法,意为“换个方式的说法”.它是一种形象的描述,具有双重性,表层含义与真正意味的是两回事.例如:

1>.Make the hay while the sun shines.表层含义：趁着出太阳的时候晒草 真正意味：趁热打铁

2>.It's time to turn plough into sword.表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑 11.Irony 反语

反语指用相反意义的词来表达意思的作文方式.如在指责过失.错误时,用赞同过失的说法,而在表扬时,则近乎责难的说法.例如:

1>.It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊（真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念）

2>“Of course, you only carry large notes, no small change on you.”the waiter said to the beggar.12.Pun 双关

双关就是用一个词在句子中的双重含义,借题发挥.作出多种解释,旁敲侧击,从而达到意想不到的幽默.滑稽效果.它主要以相似的词形.词意和谐音的方式出现.例如:

1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.13.Parody 仿拟

这是一种模仿名言.警句.谚语,改动其中部分词语,从而使其产生新意的修辞.例如:

1>.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.2>.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.14.Rhetorical question 修辞疑问（反问）

它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的,而是以疑问为手段,取得修辞上的效果,其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定,而

否定问句表示强烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的.例如:

1>.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?

2>.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered? 15.Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶

这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.例如:

1>.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Rome more.2>.You are staying;I am going.3>.Give me liberty, or give me death.16.Paradox 隽语

这是一种貌似矛盾,但包含一定哲理的意味深长的说法,是一种矛盾修辞法..例如:

1>.More haste, less speed.欲速则不达

2>.The child is the father to the man.（童年时代可决定人之未来）三岁看大，四岁看老。17.Climax 渐进法,层进法

这种修辞是将一系列词语按照意念的大小.轻重.深浅.高低等逐层渐进,最后达到顶点.可以增强语势,逐渐加深读者印象.例如:

1>.I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.2>.Eye had not seen nor ear heard, and nothing had touched his heart of stone.18.Anticlimax 渐降法

与climax相反的一种修辞法,将一系列词语由大到小,由强到弱地排列.例如:

1>.On his breast he wears his decorations, at his side a sword, on his feet a pair of boots.2>.The duties of a soldier are to protect his country and peel potatoes.19.quatation 引用

引用某处的句子或段落或某人讲的话，一般用双引号标出

第四篇：英文感谢信例句

体验式英语教育先锋美联英语

英文感谢信怎么写？letter of thanks 导学：写感谢信是欧美国家的一种传统，收到礼物，去同学家做客，或受到亲友或邻居的关照等，都要写封感谢信。入乡随俗，与外国朋友交往写感谢信也是必需的。那么感谢信该怎么写？又该写些什么呢？

在国外，受邀去同学家开party、过圣诞节，或者收到礼物，都需要写封感谢信，感谢主人的盛情款待或精心准备的礼物。感谢信可长可短，重要的是真诚，表达自己的感激之情。

写感谢信要及时，最好在刚刚收到礼物或得到别人帮助后尽快写，因为这时候感激之情油然而生，写出的感谢信也会热情洋溢。热情冷却之后再去绞尽脑汁的遣词造句，就写不出感情真挚的感谢信了。

感谢信的语言可以没有具体定式，重要的是要抒发自己的真实情感，有时候简单、真实的语言更具有感染力。

感谢信一般包含三部分：首先开头要明确的对对方提供的帮助或赠送的礼品表示谢意，注意如果是收到礼物的话，要提到具体的礼物或者礼品，并称赞对方的对方挑选礼物的眼光及符合心意。主体部分则需列举对方提供的帮助，说明该帮助所起的作用，或表达对所受礼品的喜爱以及以后如何使用及收藏等。结尾部分需再次表达诚挚的谢意并问候对方。

小知识点： 感谢信范文 dear mike, many thanks for your party;i had a lovely evening with you, your family and friends.your family members were very kind and hospitable.you really made me feel home.please remember me to your mum;she prepared a beautiful meal that i greatly enjoyed.and also to your little sister sophia;she dances very well.i foresee a promising dance career for her in the future.your friends were all easy-going and charming.i really enjoyed meeting them.thanks again for your invitation, your hospitality, your family, your friends and all the wonderful memories i have from your party.with many best wishes!sincerely yours, edmond篇二：英文感谢信模板+范文

感 谢 信 dear______, i am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for _________(感谢的原因).if it had not been for your assistance in ___________(对方给你的具体帮助), i fear that i would have been_________(没有对方帮助时的后果).every one agrees that it was you who______________(给出细节).again, i would like to express my warm thanks to you!please accept my gratitude.yours sincerely 你的姓名

extend [?kstend] vt.延伸；扩大；推广；伸出；给予；使竭尽全力；对„估价 vi.延伸；扩大；伸展；使疏开

gratitude [gr?t?tju?d] n.感谢（的心情）；感激 assistance [?s?st(?)ns] n.援助，帮助；辅助设备

感谢信

1）感谢信的写法

人们在交往中常需要相互致谢，收到别人赠送的礼物，得到别人的帮助、受到别人的慰问，都应该表示感谢。感谢信是人们常用的一种感谢方式。

感谢信最主要的特点是真诚。缺乏真挚的感情答谢他人，收信人将对你的谢意产生怀疑，感谢的目的也就失去了。因此，写感谢信首先得真心诚意。

感谢信另一个特点是具体。写感谢信切忌泛泛而谈，而应着重于具体的感谢事由。其次一个特点是及时。收到别人礼物、得到别人帮助，应及时写信予以答谢。否则，人家会对你的谢意大打折扣。收到他人赠送的礼物应当及时写封感谢信，感谢信除了应写得真诚、具体、及时外，还应当特别提及所收礼物的具体内容，否则，泛泛而谈，使人觉得你不够真诚。为此，当你写感谢信时，应这样写：“thank you for your beautiful roses.”(谢谢您送的美丽的玫瑰花。)；而不要笼统地写上“thank you for your beautiful gift.”(谢谢您送给我的漂亮礼物。)，这样，使人觉得你既礼貌，又诚心，从而真正达到交往的目的。下面我们来看看具体的范例。

范例1 dear laura, i was truly enraptured beyond expression to receive your flowers which turned our living room into a garden.how considerate and wonderful of you to remember my birthday.you just couldnt have selected anything i had have liked more!you have a positive genius for selecting the right gift!the four years i spent with you at the college have been the pleasa ntest period in my life.i will cherish this memory forever.how nice it would be to see you again.you have been more than kind, and i wont ever forget it.my love and deepest gratitude, now and always!sincerely yours, jane 范例2 dear dan and laura, jim and i want to thank you for the beautiful salad bowl set.we are looking forward to getting lots of use out of your thoughtful and practical wedding gift.thanks again for the lovely gift.fondly, minnie 范例3 dear mrs.gorden, id like you to know how much the week at your lovely house meant to me.i not only enjoyed myself immensely, but also i felt relaxed a nd refreshed as i havent felt for months.please give my love to helen.it was so nice being with her again just like our old days together at school.many thanks to you and mr.gordon for asking me.sincerely yours，jean brown 2）感谢信模板 date：_________ dear____, ①i am now writing to express my sincere thanks for____.②id like you to know how much your _____ meant to me.③you have a positive genius for ______.④i not only enjoyed_____ , but also___.⑤i shall ever remember _____ as one of the most _____ in my life.⑥i _____.⑦i hope to have the opportunity of reciprocating.⑧ would you kindly let me know _____.⑨i will feel very honored and pleased if you have time to _____.⑩ how nice it would be to see you again and i am looking forwards to seeing you next time!i repeat my thanks again for your_____.please give my kind regards to your_____.yours truly, signature 信息提示

信件启首

①直接表达谢意

②表达出自己非常珍惜对方的付出/礼物 ③对对方一定的赞美

④ 对方的情意对自己的影响

⑤介绍自己的近况

⑥表达出自己希望有回报的机会 ⑦ 询问对方是否有时间

⑧ 表达自己回报的心情

⑨ 提出希望下次见面的愿望

⑩再次表达感谢

最后表达真挚的祝福

信件结尾与签名篇三：2016考研英语小作文例句及范文：感谢信 2016考研英语小作文例句及范文：感谢信

考研后期复习要稳抓提分项，作文就是考研英语的重点，大家要积累词汇词组，掌握表达句式，背诵作文模板，研究高分范文，正好是十一黄金周，新东方在线特此整合分享考研英语小作文各类书信例句表达及范文，大家可以多练练。

必背表达

第一部分：表示感谢

thank you so much for „ i warmly appreciate your hospitality(款待).i am writing to express my thanks for „ i am writing to extend my sincere/hearty gratitude/appreciation(真诚的感谢)for „

i would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for „ 第二部分：说明事由 thank you very much for the gift you sent me.it’s one of the most wonderful gifts i got on my birthday.i am writing this letter to thank you for your warm hospitality accorded to me and my delegation during our recent visit to your beautiful country.i would also like to thank you for your interesting discussion with me which i have found very informative and useful.第三部分：再次表示感谢 thanks again.again, i would like to express my warm thanks to you!please accept my gratitude.thanks again and i hope that i will have the opportunity to return/ repay your kindness.i am looking forward to„

高分热文 dear john, i am writing to thank you for looking after me after that unfortunate accident the other day, when i was knocked off my bike by a taxi.but for your assistance, i fear that the consequence might have been much more serious.yours sincerely, li ming 精彩译文

亲爱的约翰，写信是要感谢你在我不幸事故之后对我的照顾，几天前，一辆出租车撞了我的自行车，我摔了下来。要不是你的帮助，恐怕后果会更加严重。

医生说我受伤的腿恢复的很好，一周之内我就能站起来了。而且，出租车公司也同意支付住院费用。

无论如何，每个人都认为是你在危机关头的机智的反应才有今天满意的结果。我觉得欠你很多，所以请接受我最真挚的感谢。

您真诚的，网络课堂电子教材系列

感谢信开头段常用句式和套话 i am writing to extend my sincere gratitude for...i am writing to express my thanks for...i am writing to show my sincere appreciation for...i would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for...i feel deeply indebted to you and i really dont know how to thank you enough for your help.感谢信结尾段常用句式和套话 i must thank you again for your generous help.i am most grateful for your selfless donation.my true gratitude is beyond the words description.i feel most obliged to thank you once more.please accept my gratitude, now and always.★例： directions: 1)mentioning what happened in the accident, 2)telling the person about your recovery, and 3)expressing your thanks.you should write with no less than 100 words on answer sheet 2.do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.use li ming instead.you do not need to write the address.范文： dear john, i am writing to thank you for looking after me after that unfortunate accident the other day, when i was knocked off my bike by a taxi.if it had not been for your assistance in giving me first aid and taking me to a nearby hospital, i fear that the consequences might have been much more serious dear staff，i am writing to show my sincere gratitude for all of you.now that i am home and on my own again i feel extremely happy.during the time i lived at the rehabilitation center and was under your tender care, i promised myself i would write a letter of thanks as soon as i was able.abundant thanks to each one of you for your patience, expertise and genuine concern.it was you who helped me believe in myself and gave me assurance that i could walk again.i would never forget each word you said to me and the things you have done to me.forgive me for the times i lashed out at you in frustration and thank you for understanding and remaining firm with me.never stop your beautiful way of working with people.your help really means a lot to me and anyone who in trouble as well.affectionately, wang fang 译文

亲爱的全体工作人员：

我写这封信是为了表达我对你们的真诚感谢。现在我又可以一个人在家了，我真的非常高兴。我在康复中心接受你们的关照时，就已经决心只要一有时间就给你们写感谢信了。

对于你们每个人的耐心、专业精神和关心我表示深深地感谢。是你们使我相信自己能够站着走路。你们说的每一句话、做过的每一件事我都不会忘记。请原谅我在受挫时对你们大发脾气，谢谢你们的理解和对我的严格要求。

继续你们美丽的事业吧。你们的帮助对于我和其他需要帮助的人来说有着非常重要的意义。

你们的朋友：

王芳

感谢信写作攻略

感谢信是对收信人的某一行为表示感谢。感谢信的使用频率非常高，在收到别人的邀请时，受到别人的表扬时，反正只要对方帮助过你，不管大小都应该表示感谢。感谢信带有浓厚的感情浓厚，所表达的感情必须真挚。具体写作步骤：

首段：表明写作意图，让对方感受到你的谢意是发自内心的。

主体段落：写明感谢的原因，要展开说明，可以说具体的理由也可以说接受帮助的具体事例。比如说你在一家旅馆住了一段时间，在那里度过了一段美好的时光，你就可以写信表示感谢。你可以从旅馆的服务、客房环境、饮食卫生等方面来说明感谢的理由。这样展开就使文章显得充实丰满，也符合正常交际的习惯。结尾段：再次表示感谢。

必背模版句型

i am writing to express my thanks for...我写这封信是为了表达我对??的谢意 i would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for...在信中我要为„„表达我真挚的谢意 thank you so much for the gift you sent me.its one of the most wonderful gifts i ever got.非常感谢你给我寄来的礼物，这是我收到的最好礼物之一。many thanks for all the good things you have done in helping us to...非常感谢您为帮助我们??所做的一切。篇五：英文感谢信范文 感恩信 要求字数120字以上； 内容是感谢信，参加一次晚会后，感谢主人热情的邀请和招待。

第五篇：修辞手法与白描

八种常见的修辞手法的作用 ：

1.比喻：用在记叙、说明、描写中，能使事物生动、形象、具体，给人以鲜明的印象；化无形为有形，使抽象的事物更形象具体，使深奥的道理变得浅显易懂。

如:诚信如一枝玫瑰，百花丛中她最美，美得无瑕，美得高贵。送人一枝玫瑰，给世间一缕馨香。诚信，维系世间温情的纽带，有了你，人们不再感到冬日的严寒，有了你，人们时刻感到春天的温暖。诚信，人类精神的缔造者，有了你，世间少一些尔虞我诈，少一些世态炎凉。

2.拟人：能使读者对所表达事物产生鲜明的印象，产生强烈的感情，引起共鸣。

如:腾跃时，模样像是欢乐；打旋时，模样像是眩晕；倾斜时，模样像是胆怯…((张歧《信念——看帆板表演》)老人们真幽默，吃着西瓜与夏天告别，说是“啃秋”。人们终于迎来了新秋，迎来了这楚楚动人的新娘子。秋山，变得丰腴起来了；秋水，变得温柔起来；秋风，变得凉爽起来了；秋云，变得淡远起来。

3.借代：能起到突出形象，使之具体、生动的效果。

如：你们是初升的太阳，希望寄托在你们身上。革命加科学将使你们如虎添翼，把老一代革命家和科学家点燃的火炬接下去，青出于蓝而胜于蓝。”

4.夸张：可以引起丰富的想象，更好地突出事物的特征，引起读者的强烈共鸣。

如：白发三千丈，缘愁似个长。

5.对偶：形式上音节整齐匀称、节奏感强，具有音律美；内容上凝练集中，概括力强。如:四十年别井离乡，雁沓鱼沉；五百个月缺月圆，梦萦魂牵。

6.排比：由三个或三个以上的、相同句式构成排比，增加语抛，起强调作用，强烈表达作者的思想感情。议论文往往增加语势，起到了强调论证观点的作用。可增强语言的气势。用来说理，可把道理阐述得更严密、更透彻；用来抒情，可把感情抒发得淋漓尽致。如:人生旅途中有多少携手相伴的朋友，多少次肝胆相照，多少次投桃报李,又有多少美丽温暖的回忆

漫漫长路，总有朝夕相处的亲人，多少叮咛，多少呵护，多少孝心，多少无私。

7.设问：形式为自问自答。作用是：引起读者兴趣，引起读者思考。在结构上还起到引出下文、承上启下、使条理清晰的作用。；用在一段的开头或结尾处，除引起思考外，还有承上启下的过渡作用；用在议论文中，能使论证深入，脉络清晰。如：事物的正确答案只有一个吗？

8.反问：以否定的形式表示肯定，目的是加强语气，起强调作用

白描是文学创作中描写手法之一。也是中国文学中为群众所喜闻乐见的传统的描写手法。用最精练、最节省的文字粗线条地勾勒出人物的精神面貌。要求作家准确的把握住人物最主要的性格特征，不加渲染、铺陈，而用传神之笔加以点化，而鲁迅的小说是白描的典范作品。