墨萱图阅读原文及答案

第一篇：墨萱图阅读原文及答案

《墨萱图》

【元】王冕

灿灿萱草花，罗生北堂下。南风吹其心，摇摇为谁吐？ 慈母倚门情，游子行路苦。甘旨日以疏，音问日以阻。举头望云林，愧听慧鸟语。

注解：

①萱草花：中国的母亲花，早在康乃馨成为母爱的象征之前，我国也有一种母亲之花，它就是萱草花。另一称号忘忧（忘忧草），来自《博物志》中：“萱草，食之令人好欢乐，忘忧思，故日忘忧草。

②北堂：”诗经疏称：“北堂幽暗，可以种萱”；北堂即代表母亲之意。古时候当游子要远行时，就会先在北堂种萱草，希望母亲减轻对孩子的思念，忘却烦忧。

1、简要分析诗中萱草花这一意象的特征。（5分）

2、结合全诗赏析“举头望云林，愧听慧鸟语”。（6分）

参考答案

1.(1)萱草花，光彩耀眼，在南风的吹拂下默默的吐露着芳华，有忘忧之意。(2分)(2)诗人用萱草花暗喻浓浓的母爱，虽说忘忧，但对游子的牵挂却终其一生。（3分）

2.（1）手法：细节描写，“仰望云林”；心理描写或直接抒情，“愧听鸟语”（2）情感：表达了在外游子对故乡母亲的深切思念之情和不能在母亲身边尽孝的愧疚之情。（情感、手法各2分，分析2分）

翻译：

灿灿的萱草花，生在北堂之下。

南风吹着萱草，摇摆着是为了谁吐露着芬芳？

慈祥的母亲倚着门盼望着孩子，远行的游子是那样的苦啊！

对双亲的奉养每天都在疏远，孩子的音讯每天都不能传到。

抬头看着一片云林，听到慧鸟的叫声思念起来至此很是惭愧。

第二篇：顾虑萱墨爱情诗歌

龙，盈盈绕绕

是我所喜欢的，所顾虑的一见你，亭亭玉立

从云间的末端摘下

把云收纳

把风儿放飞

把你送到我的心里

我开始顾虑

冬天里的那一道裂痕

一个伴着鬼脸

一个爱着油菜花的飘香

一个无缘无故的爱上世人

一个，写着卑贱的诗歌

我想告诉你，悄悄的做你微风的纺织车

你不怨，不怨

用陌生的手抚慰我的心

山丹丹的山岗上

红彤彤的艳阳把儿郎高照

你是我的依靠，靠着悠悠的山

伴着哗啦啦的水

你用歌声呼唤我，追着马儿

狂奔在草原上

我亲爱的卓玛啊卓玛

爱琴海的水养育着

风和雨共融的地方

你有不灭的誓言，塞外的夕阳红

我有眷恋的你，普度苍生

你朝着东方

我做你西方的树

第三篇：翻译原文及答案

新视野大学英语读写教程4课后翻译

2013-05-28 00:35:01

新视野大学英语（第二版）读写教程4课后翻译原题与答案

Unit 1

1.这种植物只有在培育它的土壤中才能很好地成长。

The plant does not grow well in soils other than the one in which it has been developed.2.研究结果表明，无论我们白天做了什么事情，晚上都会做大约两个小时的梦。

Research findings show that we spend about two hours dreaming every night, no matter what we may have done during the day.3.有些人往往责怪别人没有尽最大努力，以此来为自己的失败辩护。

Some people tend to justify their failure by blaming others for not trying their best.4.我们忠于我们的承诺：凡是答应做的，我们都会做到。

We remain true to our commitment: Whatever we promised to do, we would do it.5.连贝多芬的父亲都不相信自己儿子日后有一天可能成为世界上最伟大的音乐家。爱迪生也同样如此，他的老师觉得他似乎过于迟钝。

Even Beethoven's father discounted the possibility that his son would one day become the greatest musician in the world.The same is true of Edison, who seemed to his teacher to be quite dull.6.当局控告他们威胁国家安全。

They were accused by the authorities of threatening the state security.1.If you move into any place other than your own private home, make sure you know what the rules are about pets if you have one.出入除自己家以外的任何场所时，如果你带有宠物，一定要了解有关宠物的规定。

2.Some women could have made a good salary in job instead of staying at home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.一些女性完全可以不待在家里，而是去工作，挣一份不错的工资。但是为了家庭，她们放弃了工作。

3.How can you justify such rudeness? You will pay heavily for that because they have sued you for damaging their good name.你怎么为这样粗鲁的行为辩护? 你将会为此付出沉重的代价，因为他们已经以诋毁名誉的罪名起诉你了。

4.Criticism can be of great use;we may not like it at the time, but it can spur us on to greater things.批评有其重要作用；我们可能当时不喜欢它，但是它能激励我们去做更伟大的事情。

5.His uncompromising behavior, to which the public objected, left him bankrupt emotionally and financially.他毫不让步的行为遭到公众的反对，这使得他陷入了精神上崩溃、经济上破产的境地。

6.Even if you fail, don't let failure harm you, don't let failure take over.Remember failure is a necessary step in learning;it is not the end of your learning, but the beginning.即使你失败了，也不要被失败伤害，更不要被失败左右。记住：失败是学习过程中必要的一步；它不是学习的结束，而是学习的开始。

Unit 2

1.要是这部喜剧中的人物更幽默些的话，就会吸引更多的观众。

If the characters in this comedy had been more humorous, it would have attracted a larger audience.2.她从未对自己的能力失去信心，因此她有可能成为一名成功的演员。

She has never lost faith in her own ability, so it is a possibility for her to become a successful actress.3.我从未受过正式培训，我只是边干边学。

I never had formal training, I just learned as I went along.4.随着产品进入国际市场，他们的品牌知名度越来越高了。

As their products find their way into the international market, their brand is gaining in popularity.5.她可以编造一个故事，说自己被窃贼打昏，所有的钱都没了，但她怀疑自己是否能让这故事听起来可信。

She could make up a story by saying she was knocked unconscious by thieves and that all her money was gone, but she doubted whether she could make it sound believable.6.谁都不清楚他是否故意推迟了这次访问，可是这引起了对他更多的批评。

No one was certain whether he postponed the visit on purpose, but this brought more criticism of him.1.If there had been no Charlie Chaplin, the history of world cinema would have been different.如果没有查理•卓别林，世界电影史就会不一样了。

2.It was a relief that his hard work eventually gave him the result that he had long desired: He successfully discovered the cause of the disease.令人感到宽慰的是，他的努力最终给予了他长期渴望的结果──他成功地发现了这种疾病的原因。

3.Charlie Chaplin was one of the greatest and most widely loved movie stars.From The

Tramp to Modern Times, he made many of the funniest and most popular films of his time.He was best known for his character, the youthful and lovable Little Tramp.查理•卓别林是最伟大、最广受热爱的电影明星之一。从《流浪汉》到《摩登时代》，他拍摄了许多他那个时代最有趣、最受欢迎的电影。他最出名的是他扮演的一个人物──年轻可爱的小流浪汉。

4.Chaplin was an immensely talented man: Within only two years of his first appearance in motion pictures in 1914, he became one of the best-known personalities in the nation.卓别林是一个才能非凡的人：自他1914年第一次在电影中出现，两年时间内他就成了这个国家最有名的人物之一。

5.Charlie Chaplin had an impact on everyone's life in the early 20th century.He made more people laugh than any other man who ever lived and changed the way people looked at the world.查理•卓别林对20世纪初期每个人的生活都产生了影响。与有史以来的任何人相比，他让更多的人欢笑，改变了人们看待这个世界的方式。

6.On Christmas Day in 1977 Charlie Chaplin passed away.He left behind family and friends saddened by his death, and millions of fans worldwide.1977年，查理•卓别林在圣诞节那天去世了，身后留下了悲伤的家人和朋友，以及全世界数以百万计的影迷。

Unit

31.据报道有七八位官员收受贿赂，市长决定亲自出马调查这件事。

Seven or eight officials are reported to have taken bribes and the mayor has decided to look into the affair in person.2.这些工人后悔当时接受管理部门的意见重新回去工作。现在他们再次面临失业的危险了。These workers regret yielding to the management's advice and going back to work.Now they are again faced with the threat of losing their jobs.3.你只需填写一张表格就可取得会员资格，它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。

You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods.4.不知为什么他们的汽车在半路坏掉了，结果他们比原计划晚到了三个小时。

Their car broke down halfway for no reason.As a result they arrived three hours later than they had planned.5.那位官员卷入了一场丑闻，数周后被迫辞职。

The official got involved in a scandal and was forced to resign weeks later.6.这个靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立起自己的市场，生意日渐兴隆。

The man living on welfare began to build up his own market, one step at a time and his business is thriving.1.The man is reported to have said in private that “we are being made fools of by many of our clients, so we are entitled to have them bow to us as compensation.”

据报道这个男子曾在私下说：“许多救济对象在欺骗我们，因此，作为补偿，我们有权让他们对我们点头哈腰。”

2.After considering your background and experience, we regret to inform you that we don't have an appropriate job opportunity for you at current stage.我们考虑了你的背景与经历，很遗憾地告诉你，我们目前没有适合你的工作机会。

3.I failed to take my cue from Oscar.Instead, I talked back to the woman, who turned out to be our new manager.我没能按奥斯卡的暗示去做，相反，我反驳了那个妇女，结果她竟然是我们的新经理。

4.There needs to be someone who can act as a champion for the rights of the poor because the system so easily lends itself to abuse.需要有人来充当穷人权利的捍卫者，因为这一体制太容易被滥用。

5.I called the police for help after my car broke down on the freeway.Twenty minutes later, they came to my rescue.我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后，我打电话向警察求助，20分钟后他们赶来帮我。

6.He was passionate for art, but he went through tremendous pain—pain of poverty and misunderstanding.他热爱艺术，却经受了巨大的痛苦──贫穷与误解。

Unit 4

1.我父母不是对我的教育投资，而是把钱花在了买新住房上。

Rather than invest in my education, my parents spent their money on a new house.2.如今，人们用于休闲娱乐的开支是过去的两倍。

Today, people are spending twice as much on entertainment and relaxation as they did in the past.3.一家公司要成功，它必须跟上市场的发展。

In order to be successful, a business must keep pace with developments in the marketplace.4.与申请这个职位的其他女孩相比，她流利的英语是个优势。

Her fluency in English gave her an advantage over other girls for the job.5.对于学生而言，没有任何地方比图书馆更好了，在那里所有的图书都任由他们使用。For students, nowhere is better than the library, where all the books are at their disposal.6.我们要充分利用好这个平台，加强交流，拓展合作领域，共谋发展大计。

We should make full use of the platform to strengthen communication, expand cooperation in more areas and seek further development through joint efforts.1.The developing countries see information technologies as a means to accelerate their economy, but some lack experience in weighing costs and choosing between technologies.发展中国家认为信息技术是促进经济发展的途径，但一些国家在估算成本与选择技术方面缺乏经验。

2.The world is said to have about 3,000 times as much groundwater as water it has in rivers and lakes, and groundwater is far cleaner.据说地球拥有的地下水量大约是其拥有的河流和湖泊水量的三千倍，而且地下水要干净得多。

3.Anyone can take good photos—it's just a matter of being in the right place at the right time.任何人都能照出好照片──问题只是你是否在合适的时间和地点。

4.By installing computers in their schools and libraries, the community leaders demonstrated that they were determined not to lag behind in technology.通过在他们的学校和图书馆安装计算机，这些社区的领导们表明他们决心不在技术上落后。

5.When he started the company, he thought he'd be able to cruise alongside the top businesses in the market, but he is disappointed because he hasn't yet succeeded.当他开始创办这家公司时，他想他将能在市场上与那些顶级公司并驾齐驱，可是他现在失望了，因为他没有成功。

6.A Florida couple is building what they say will be the home of the future, one strong enough to withstand hurricanes, yet gentle enough to blend in with the environment.佛罗里达的一对夫妇在建造一座他们称之为未来之家的房子，它既能抵御飓风，又与周围环境十分协调。

Unit 5

1.这位小个子男子并不如他看上去那么单纯。

This little man is not so innocent as he appears.2.对这个问题我已束手无策了，所以你不妨去求助于王教授吧。

There's nothing I can do about the problem, so you might as well turn to Professor Wang for help.3.双方高度评价了在不同领域合作取得的成果，并希望合作进一步加深。

Both sides speak highly of the fruits in their cooperation in different areas, and hope that the cooperation can be furthered.4.一方面，亲民形象能使新政策更易于被民众接受，另一方面，它也能“广直言之路，启进善之门”。

On the one hand, an image of being close to the people can get a new policy more easily

accepted.On the other hand, it will “encourage people to speak their minds and come up with

constructive suggestions”.5.他孤独的感觉时起时落，他有时会对自己、对宠物、对电视机唠叨不休。

His sense of loneliness rose and fell and he sometimes would talk at length to himself and his pets and the television.6.毕竟，金钱不是万能的，最富有的人不一定是最幸福的。

After all, money is not everything.The richest people are not necessarily the happiest.1.The new mechanism is not so effective as they had expected, for months passed and there has been no big improvement in management efficiency.新的机制并不像他们预期的那样有效，因为数月过去了，但管理效率并没有明显改进。

2.I don't want to scare you unnecessarily, but you might as well face facts and look at a few numbers.我不想不必要地吓唬你，可你最好还是面对事实，看看一些数字吧。

3.Loneliness is marked by a sense of isolation.Solitude, on the other hand, is a state of being alone without being lonely and can lead to self-awareness.孤独的特点是一种与世隔绝感，而独居则是独自一人却不感到寂寞的状态，它能引发自我意识。

4.Loneliness is a negative state.One feels that something is missing.It is possible to be with people and still feel lonely—perhaps the bitterest form of loneliness.孤独是一种消极的状态，你会感到失去了某种东西。你可能与别人在一起仍然感到孤独——这也许是孤独最痛苦的形式。

5.Solitude is a positive state of engagement with oneself.Solitude is desirable, a state of being alone where you provide yourself wonderful and sufficient company.独居是一种与自我相约的积极的状态。独居是值得向往的，是独自一人、享受自我愉快而又充实的陪伴的一种状态。

6.Thoreau says that loneliness can occur even amid companions if one's heart is not open to them.梭罗说，一个人即使身处同伴之中，如果不对他们敞开心扉，仍会感到孤独。

第四篇：徐渭《墨葡萄图》赏析

浅谈徐渭

徐渭（1521—1593年），字文清，后更字文长，号天池，晚又号青藤道人、田水月等，浙江山阴（今绍兴）人。明文学家、戏曲家、书画家。传世著名作品有《墨葡萄图》轴、《山水人物花鸟》册、《牡丹蕉石图》轴，以及晚年所作《墨花》九段卷等。

徐渭的作品主要是水墨写意花卉，在继承沈周、陈淳写意技巧上，笔墨更为自由活泼，纵横驰骋，淋漓满纸、不受任何拘束，加上题句，以表达他心中的愤懑，对世态的讽刺，并真正发挥了中国画笔墨纸张特殊效果而创立了水墨大写意画法，因此被誉为中国大写意花鸟花派的创派始祖。主要艺术特色表现在：内容上的文人画物质和形式上的水墨大写意技法。文人画物质突出体现在作品的主体化和个性化方面，徐渭擅长绘文人所熟悉和喜爱的四君子、荷花、芭蕉等，尤喜以花木在凄风苦雨中的姿态，来象征他人生的苦痛。牡丹属宝贵花，色彩绚烂，但他却常以水墨绘之，不着意刻画花卉的自然生趣，而是从主观出发，有意改其本性，从而借题发挥，直抒胸襟，抒写自己的怀才不遇。横溢雄阔的才情、变幻莫测的意境、高旷脱俗的情趣。诗书画的三结合也是其文人画的特质。徐渭的水墨写意法，不仅将技巧升华到新的高度，还强化了文人画特色。他笔下的形象，以寥寥几笔，倾倒墨汁的淋漓水墨，浑然天成地传达出物象的神韵，将写意法演变为大写意法，真正达到了“逸品”和文人画所标榜的“逸笔草草，不求形似”。

半生落魄已成翁，独立书斋啸晚风，笔底明珠无处卖，闲抛闲掷野藤中。

此诗出自明代著名画家徐渭的《墨葡萄图》的题画诗，作为徐渭的代表杰作，《墨葡萄图》成为研究徐渭不得不提的一幅重要作品。徐渭把水墨花卉大写意推向颠峰并开宗立派。从《墨葡萄图》中我们可以充分体会到大师的艺术精神之所在。

《墨葡萄图》，纸本，水墨，纯以水墨写葡萄，以饱含水分的泼墨写意法。点画葡萄枝叶，水墨酣畅。老藤错落低垂，串串葡萄倒挂枝头，晶莹欲滴，茂叶以大块水墨点成信笔挥洒，任乎性情，意趣横生，风格疏放，作画状物不拘形似，仅略得其意，重在寄兴遣怀。随意涂抹点染，倒挂枝头，形象生动。画藤条纷披错落，向下低垂。葡萄珠的晶莹透彻之感，显得淋漓酣畅。用笔似草书之飞动，淋漓恣纵，诗画与书法在图中得到恰如其分的结合。茂盛的叶子风格疏放，不法语形似，代表了徐渭大写意花卉的风格，也是明代写意花卉高水平的杰作。

画中的物象不是十分逼真，这正是徐渭的创意所在。他不机械地复写客观世界，也不拘于陈法，提出“不求形似求生韵”的艺术主张，将技法升华到全新高度，且是以“笔”在“意”先来完成作品，追求“舍形而悦影”，以放纵简逸的寥寥数笔，就浑然天成地传达出物象的神韵。其精神境界则真正达到了文人画所标榜的“逸笔草草，不求形似”逸品观。恰如清戴熙在跋徐渭《杂花卷》中所云：“争势飘举矣，却善控驭；墨气淋漓矣，却不澡漏。至其才情之雄阔，意境之变化。一气鼓铸，而万有牢笼，真腕存造化者，开拓心脑，推倒豪杰，可为田水月。

《墨葡萄图》作为绘画史上杰出的佳作，充分代表了徐渭作品的特点。从题画诗“半生落魄已成翁”（古人称六十岁左右的人为翁），可以看出，这幅作品应作于徐渭出狱后的几年间。

徐渭天才卓异，但一生坎坷，出生日就丧父，此后灾难接踵而至，长兄经商失败，不久弃世，妻子早亡，八次应乡试未中。后又因恐受胡宗宪的连累，于嘉靖四十四年（时年四十四岁），自书墓志铭，并雇工匠做好棺木，蓄意自杀。曾用利斧击破自己头颅，血流满面，头骨皆折，不死；后又用锤子击碎自己的肾囊，仍不死。如此“九死辄九生，丝断复丝续”。那时，他的精神状态已接近疯狂，最后终因疑心继室张氏不贞，失手将她打死，被捕下狱，监禁了六年。出狱后佯狂益甚，贫病交加，数千卷书籍变卖殆尽，七十三岁时，结束了“几间东倒西歪屋，一个南腔北调人”的悲惨一生。《墨葡萄图》上的题诗，正是徐渭才情满腹而不得施展，历经劫难，心中愤懑悲歌的不平之鸣！

整体构图较为工整，是写实风格，但笔墨极为桀骜不羁，有一气呵成之感，仔细观察局部更是能强烈的感受到画家的癫狂之气，完全没有条理，又是典型的热抽象之极，体现了情绪与动作美。作者通过整体的构图形成了整体的意境，将热抽象与写实风格较好的融合到了一起，完成了这幅佳作。作者将水墨葡萄与自己的身世感慨结合为一，一种饱经患难、抱负难酬的无可奈何的愤恨与抗争，尽情抒泄于笔墨之中。

中国古代佯狂的艺术家不少，可真正如荷兰的梵高那样发疯，生时寂寞后并为后人顶礼膜拜的大家实在不多——徐渭就是这样一个“可怜”的人物。

第五篇：徐渭 《墨葡萄图》欣赏

徐渭 《墨葡萄图》欣赏

徐

渭（明代文学家、书画家、戏曲家、军事家）徐渭（1521年—1593年），汉族，绍兴府山阴（今浙江绍兴）人。初字文清，后改字文长，号青藤老人、青藤道士、天池生、天池山人、天池渔隐、金垒、金回山人、山阴布衣、白鹇山人、鹅鼻山侬、田丹水、田水月（一作水田月[1]）。明代著名文学家、书画家、戏曲家、军事家。曾担任胡宗宪幕僚，助其擒徐海、诱汪直。胡宗宪被下狱后，徐渭在忧惧发狂之下自杀九次却不死。后因杀继妻被下狱论死，被囚七年后，得张元忭等好友救免。此后南游金陵，北走上谷，纵观边塞阨塞，常慷慨悲歌。晚年非常贫苦，藏书数千卷被变卖殆尽，自称“南腔北调人”，终于万历二十一年（1593年）去世，年七十三。徐渭多才多艺，在诗文、戏剧、书画等各方面都独树一帜，与解缙、杨慎并称“明代三才子”。他是中国“泼墨大写意画派”创始人、“青藤画派”之鼻祖，其画能吸取前人精华而脱胎换骨，不求形似求神似，山水、人物、花鸟、竹石无所不工，以花卉最为出色，开创了一代画风，对后世画坛（如八大山人、扬州八怪等）影响极大。书善行草，写过大量诗文，被誉为“有明一代才人”。能操琴，谙音律，爱戏曲，所著《南词叙录》为中国第一部关于南戏的理论专著，另有杂剧《四声猿》、《歌代啸》及文集传世。《墨葡萄图》徐渭的写意花卉，“走笔如飞，泼墨淋漓”，在用笔上强调一个“气”字，用墨上强调一个“韵”字。他的用笔看似草，若断若续，实际笔与笔之间有“笔断意不断”的气势在贯通着；他的用墨看似狂涂乱抹，满纸淋漓，实际上是墨团之中有墨韵，墨法之中显精神。他的恣肆纵横、解衣盘薄，在其泼墨大写意中得到淋漓尽致的展现。《墨葡萄图》最能代表他的大写意花卉风格。图中纯以水墨画葡萄，随意涂抹点染，倒挂枝头，形象生动。画藤条纷披错落，向下低垂。以饱含水分的泼墨写意法，点画葡萄枝叶，水墨酣畅。用笔似草书之飞动，淋漓恣纵，诗画与书法在图中得到恰如其分的结合。作者将水墨葡萄与自己的身世感慨结合为一，一种饱经患难、抱负难酬的无可奈何的愤恨与抗争，尽情抒泄于笔墨之中。