《家》读后感：束缚与反抗

第一篇：《家》读后感：束缚与反抗

《家》读后感：束缚与反抗

陈子灵

巴金先生的《家》，是我一直想读却又未曾去读的，记得九年级有一篇文章叫做《家的序和跋》。我们的语文老师在学习到这篇文章时，便将《家》的大致情节讲给了我们听，她说的是那样吸引人，不禁让我立刻捧起这本书来读。现在，暑假到了，我终于是有时间去读这本书了。

这本书讲的是一个封建大家庭中的各种事。有快乐的，悲伤的，令人痛苦的和不合常理的。各种令人愤怒的事件的起因都是这个家庭中很多成员的腐朽落后。特别是由于高家祖父的一切所作所为和太太们的煽风点火。读了这本书我才明白原来当年的封建礼教是那样可怕，以至于把人逼向死地。其实高觉新的内心并不坏，只是他不敢反抗家里长辈的命令，可以说亲手害死了自己所爱的人和自己的妻子。即便后来他有所悔改，但事情都已过去了，后悔也来不及。

其实我所一直认为的家是可爱的，温馨的，而不是像书本中描写的那样，束缚、顺从、压迫，那简直是太可怕了。书中从头至尾唯一一个具有先进的思想并为之付出行动的人，当然，高觉民也是如此，但那是后来的，是他在快要失去最亲的人的情况下。我认为既然是要反抗，就一定要是一开始，而不是非等到被逼无奈的境地后，再去反抗，到那时，即使为时不晚，但给自己、别人不免付出很多痛苦。那么就来谈谈高觉新好了。

高觉新作为思想进步，但行为保守一类的代表，他的坎坷经历常使人感到心寒。首先，他因顺从而被迫不能与自己亲爱的人结婚，这导致两人后来都痛苦不堪，所以导致后来的他的爱人因痛苦不堪加疾病缠身而最终去世。再到后来，又因为老祖宗的死，他听从家里各种太太的话不让自己的妻子在家中生产，最终导致妻子生下孩子便去世了。这是给他带来的多么大的打击啊！也是从这以后，他开始反抗了！其实高觉新的人物设定很巧妙，他既是拥有先进思想的后一辈，又是代表封建势力的老一辈，他是不敢与家中的各位姨太，太太还有叔叔们作斗争的，因为他承担的是一个一家之主的责任，所以他所承受的已经够多了，这个二十多岁的青年，已经尽了他的所能了，但这也并不意味着我们不怪他，因为这个不敢忤逆大人的他，不知伤害了多少人。高觉新的事迹让我们意识到我们有时需要放开自己，虽不说与家人唱反调，但也要忠于自己。

高觉民是一个进步人物，但他的进步还不够明显。他相对于高觉新，在行为上，思想上有了很大的进步，但有时，他也还是不能作出令人满意的打算。他是一心一意的爱着琴，只是在有关自身利益的情况下，才站出来反抗，太不正义了！但是，转念一想，难道人不应该为了自己，为了自己所爱的人而去争取吗？我们也许又应该原谅他。可是我印象中的高觉民却有些懦弱，有事，面对弟弟高觉慧的责骂及嗔怪，总选择沉默，面对家中大人的建议，也选择沉默，当自己要被逼成亲时，选择的依然是去找三弟商量，完全没有自己的主见，像是个无脑之人。其实也许应该赞扬他，要不是因为他的坚持，也许高老太爷也不会那么大发慈悲的放过他。高觉民让我们了解到自己是要为自己心爱的人所付出的，因此要敢于想家人或其他的人说出自己的想法，学会反抗，而不是整天郁郁寡欢，像个被囚禁的犯人。

高觉慧在书中就显得较为厉害了，从头到尾他都在不服不满，都在反抗。他反抗祖父，反抗大哥，反抗叔叔婶婶，他的生活从来就只有反抗。哦，还有短时间内，鸣凤带给他的爱情的欢乐。觉慧他是一个永远都跟得上进步思潮的人，不光是在思想上，更是在行动上，我个人认为他与他的大哥，二哥相比，进步的不止是一点点。他会在祖父不允许他出门时，悄悄地跑出门，会在全家人都同自己作对时，也能冷着脸不理，在二哥觉民碰到难题时，勇敢的帮他解决，即便他也曾嘲笑过他。而这么要强的他竟然也有过惨痛的一段经历，那就是鸣凤的死，这痛苦对于觉慧来说是巨大而又短暂的。之所以说巨大，是因为他曾深爱着这个少女，并且是因为自己的不注意而没能帮助这个少女而使他被迫跳湖致死。而短暂，便是因为在当时的环境下，一个人的死，即便是自己爱的人，那也没有什么，那是只够人们伤心一段时间的。所以觉慧很快就投入到工作中去了。高觉慧的故事告诉我们，反抗比起嘴上说说更为重要，但是我们又是决不能将工作为轴心而不去顾自己所爱的人了，两头兼顾，才算得上精明了。

《家》是一篇震撼人心巨著，里面只是围绕一个点来展开进行讨论，但是却让人觉得自己身处其中，貌似任何一个人都与自己有关，他们痛苦，自己也感到痛苦；他们快乐，自己也感到快乐。所以这本书是由内而外地击垮了我，和众多像我一样的读者。

何其庆幸，读到这本书。

第二篇：《苔丝》读后感--反抗与软弱

Rebellion and Cowardice

--------On Tess of the d’Urbervilles

Thomas Hardy , novelist and poet, is one of the representatives of English critical realism at the turn of the 19th century.And Tess of the d’Urbervilles is one of his most successful novels.Hardy cannot solely be labeled as a Victorian novelist,nor can he only be categorized as a Moderist.As a traditional writer, Hardy was determined to explode the conventions of nineteenth-century literature and built a new kind of novel in its place.In many respects, Hardy was trapped in the middle ground between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, between Victorian sensibilities and more modern ones, and between tradition and innovation.1.Brief Introduction Tess of the d’Urbervilles was published om 1891.It is generally regarded as Hardy’s tragic masterpiece, and certainly it is his most ambitious tragic novel.As a pure , loyal , intelligent, strikingly attractive young woman, Tess is the central character of the novel.At the begining of this story,Tess lived in a small village peacefully.Tess’s father was a poor countryside hawker , who was lazy and constantly excessive drinking.Tess’s mother was a dairymaid ,whose mind was very simple.They were pitiful creatures who were always feeling after the vanity.Just as such terrible parents became the setter of Tess’s tragedy.Incidently, Tess’s father discovered a link to the noble of the d’Urbervilled.Therefore, Tess was sent to work at the d’Urbervilles mansion.And then,Tess was seduced by a so-called gentleman----Alec.Unfortunatelly, her ideals cannot prevent her from sliding further and further into misfortune after she becomes pregnant.Forced by the gossips and the church’s blame, Tess thought she deserved nothing good.In order to get rid of the past, she decided to go to a distant diary farm but still thought she was of guilty.Maybe God didn’t approve of this, because the Lord gave her someone she loved with her whole heart----Angel Chare.They loved each other deeply.Somehow, Tess agreed to marry Angel.Soon after their wedding Angel confessed the crime he committed to a woman long time ago and asked for Tess’s forgiveness.Tess was not at all angry and forgave Angel at once;in fact she was rather happy and excited for she also had things to confess.She sat and told her past to Angel, and hoping to be forgiven.But she was wrong and Angel didn’t listen to her explanation at all.Without Angel’s love, nothing meant anything to her.Alec found Tess again and forced her to stay with him.At last, Tess couldn’t bear it and killed Alec.Everything was changed.Tess was arrested for her murder eventually.And this story was ended with the death of Tess.2.Tess’s rebellion

Tess is a rebelled girl.First of all, she never yeilded to pressure from the society.The contest between corruption and innocence takes place not only in a field, but also in the human’s heart.In Tess’s life, there are two men----Alec and Angel.Both of them have a great influnence to change her fate.Tess is a pure girl tangled up to the tragedy web which is delineated by the imposed fate.That is too unfair to accept by anyone.But Tess never gives up.Alec is a devil young man who does everything he can to seduce Tess when she works for his family.And he does not try to hide his evil.At the begining of this book, he promises to provide for the family that brings Tess to “sell” herself to him.It is Alec who not only ruins Tess’s virginity, but also destroys her happy life.Alec is not only sensual, but also arrogant and physically strong.He believes that winning a woman requires force, not affection and love.Disregarding Tess’s revolution, Alec considers women as carnal objects rather than as equal human’s worthy of affection.Then, he believes he is different from the ancestors, since he has power over her while they do not but in fact he is just like them, using his power like a God although his is quite hollow.He promises empty advantages to her, like the wealth she eventually receives from him, that can never be more important than love.Facing Alec’s force, Tess trys her best to rebel him.And, after the seducing, Tess decided to leave Alec and work for a distant diary farm.She uses her action to prove her rebellion to the world.Secondly, Tess kills Alec at last.This thing shows her rebellion again.When Tess refuses to marry Alec despite the social advantage the match would give her, and refuses his offers of help because she does not sincerely love him, we see her as more than an unwitting victim: her integrity and courage make her heroic.Thus, in the latter part, as Angle returns with renewed loyalty and love for Tess, it becomes apparent that Alec’s trick has considerably broken down Tess’s loyalty to Angle.Torn apart, her shame and grief cause her violent side to explode;Tess now kills her lover in a murderous rage out of love for her husband.Whether intentional or not, Tess has fulfilled Angle’s proclamation that they cannot be together as long as Alec is alive.Her newfound activity may not save her;indeed, her punishment for the murder, presumably death by hanging, will snap her neck just like she snaps the necks of those pheasants.Nevertheless, it may be preferable to her earlier passivity, providing her with a nobler way to face her fate.In a word, Alec of the representatives of the bourgeoisie, he has a bourgeois state apparatus, law, and ethics, as a backup.Wealth can rely on the law and not easily bullied and on the playing Tess.Tess and his contradictions, it can also be said that the workers are oppressed and the specific performance of the entire capitalist social contradictions.Tess beginning of his attitude is very clear, she publicly declares his obnoxious.Later, at a farm, she puts up a struggle to him.Finally, she curses him to ruin her life.She ignores the bourgeois legality and morality, on the feelings of great anger to kill him.Her reaction is a heavy attack to the dark society.3.Tess’s cowardice Tess has a definitely rebeled charactor.at the same time, she is coward.This charactor is also showed on two aspects.First, her love for Angel.In great contract to Alec, Angel wins Tess’s heart by sweet words and kindness.In fact, he is a more complicated person.As a typical nineteenth century progressive representative, Angel rejects the values handed to him, and sets off in search of his own.His disdain for tradition which is an independent spirit contributes to his aura of charisma and general attractiveness.He thinks of this at the time of the British bourgeoisie humanitarian and historical conditions, bourgeois rule in a very brutal, very tragic life of the peasant class, a certain progress is meaningless.However, it must be pointed out is that he has not really jump out of his area against the old moral values, He has not really despised from the class prejudices.He decides to stand for the bourgeois ideology and his inevitable departure from the selfish interests.Although he goes to the farmers to learn farming techniques, but his real purpose is to the future.Although he claims to be independent judgment opinion, once the thing is a very crucial stage, he is still upholding the decadent bourgeois social customs and moral hypocrisy.Angel loves Tess because he thinks that she is sweet and pure.Tess’s denial of him shows she is concerned about her past.To Angel, her denial seems to signify that Tess is even more virtuous than he thinks of.Somehow Tess agrees to marry him.She is so afraid to lose her husband that makes her life restless all the time.Later on, when she knows a similar error in Angel’s past “eight-and forty hours” dissipation with a stranger in London, she securely makes her confession and hopes to get Angle’s forgiveness.Tess has thought although Angel didn’t find the letter under the carpet he can forgive her and then they will live a happy life together.But Angel, who proves himself more judgmental and inflexible than his parent, is blind by his failure to accept Tess for who she really is.He takes Tess’s transgression as a personal attack on him, which makes him unable to see her clearly.The idealized, pure vision of Tess is destroyed.Angel has the same past as Tess’s, but he cannot forgive Tess as Tess forgives him.He no longer sees the woman he once has seen and has married only hours ago.For him, the lover who’s beloved has been transformed in his mind from the embodiment of purity into the tarnished reality of a fallen woman.Second, her second stay with Alec also presents her cowardice.While enduring the abanded life, as Tess struggles with Alec’s temptation , her need for Angel, becomes more and more desparate.If Angel were to return to her and do his duty as her husband, her problems would greatly diminish.She writes to Angel and pleads that he not judges her on her irretrievable past.Tess’s situation thus makes her very vulnerable to Alec’s persuasions.She is obviously heartbroken and needs to be loved more than ever.She is also distraught by her family’s ever-worsening financial situation.Alec’s reasoning seems more valid to Tess than it has in the past.In a way, Tess and Alec are similar in that they have both fallen and ask for forgiveness for their indiscretions.After a long wait for Angel’s reply, but nothing, Tess begins to realize that Alec may be her only hope.She gives up all hopes and becomes Alec’s mistress for the sake of her family.Tess’ love is not given the spirit of transcendence and physical beauty, but with the loss of self-emaciated blind and miserable, unrealistic to imagine that there is no hope with the chessboard, and all are attributable to the self-destiny of the fate and helplessness.Her life is not worthwhile to an attachment that her man and this is a profound tragedy.When she feels the opinions of all the sacrifices so insignificant, as all acts of levity, finally decides to angrily rebel.Of course, Tess once expressed her plainness angrily by the last letter to Angel under a completely disappointed condition.4.Conclusion Tess of d’Urbervilles is a great work.Tess is one of Hardy’s most sympathetic protagonists.She is as likeable as a literary charactor found in all of English literature.Readers come to understand her plight and her acceptance of the seemingly inevitable things that happen to her.Not once during the novel does Tess exhibit any traits that take away from Hardy's portrayal of her as a good person.As a result, by the end of the novel, we wish for a happy ending for Tess and Angel, but we know that not all stories end on a positive note.Nowadays women’s situations have become much better.Some are because of the change of society and some are because of civilization.Just let those poor painful women like Tess be just a memory.

第三篇：自由与束缚

自由与束缚

我十分渴望自由，就像鸟儿一样无忧无虑的生活。但我知道那是不可能的只是幻想罢了。像我这样的孩子永远得生活在束缚下。

我的烦恼有很多，三天时间也说不完。更多的烦恼来自于家庭，也就是父母带给我的烦恼。

在他们眼中我永远是一个长不大的小孩，这一点对于我来说并没有什么，但正因为这一点，我在他们面前得不到尊重，得不到一个孩子应有的尊重。

我的话他们好像永远也不进去，或者从一只耳朵进去再从另一只耳朵出去。从简简单单的小事就可而知。一次，妈妈拿水杯接水喝，但是饮水机却没水了。我对着她说：“水没了，再去换一桶吧！”谁知，她依然，把水杯放在饮水机下，按了下去，其结果可想而知。再如，前天我对爸爸说让他帮我往学生卡里充钱，可是好几天他都有时间，但都忘了，我只好自己去充。我不知道是我的话说不清楚还是父母没听懂或者是不想听，但我知道他们从来都不重视。

我的能力在父母面前不管有多好，总是那么的微不足道。我做什么事情他们都不放心。如擦个桌子，扫地，洗个衣服，在我干完之后，他们总要摇摇头，经常要再干一遍，要不然啊，他们会心慌的。渐渐地我不再喜欢跟父母说话，也不再帮助父母干活。我只是把自己分内的事干好，免得找来几句怨言。

我的自由也常常受到控制。晚上出去转转，和同学出去玩，去外面打打篮球，玩会电脑„„这些事啊只有在特定的时间，特定的地点，特定的安全下才可以进行。而且十有八九是待在家里，不让出去。如果想偷偷溜出去。哼，那就只能用天网恢恢疏而不漏一句理解了。

我讨厌在家长的束缚下成长，但我也深刻的明白离开家长无疑是走向黑暗的深渊，无依无靠。就像是风筝本来在线的牵引下飞翔，但有一天当他追寻自由挣脱了线时他将会受尽分吹雨打，不知死活，或者垂向地面。

但如果风筝的线太重了，他依然会落下来，而且会摔得更惨。

北京石景山区石景山实验中学初一:埋藏

第四篇：《苔丝》读后感--反抗与软弱（范文模版）

Rebellion and Cowardice

--------On Tess of the d’Urbervilles

Thomas Hardy , novelist and poet, is one of the representatives of English critical realism at the turn of the 19th century.And Tess of the d’Urbervilles is one of his most successful novels.Hardy cannot solely be labeled as a Victorian novelist,nor can he only be categorized as a Moderist.As a traditional writer, Hardy was determined to explode the conventions of nineteenth-century literature and built a new kind of novel in its place.In many respects, Hardy was trapped in the middle ground between the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, between Victorian sensibilities and more modern ones, and between tradition and innovation.1.Brief Introduction Tess of the d’Urbervilles was published om 1891.It is generally regarded as Hardy’s tragic masterpiece, and certainly it is his most ambitious tragic novel.As a pure , loyal , intelligent, strikingly attractive young woman, Tess is the central character of the novel.At the begining of this story,Tess lived in a small village peacefully.Tess’s father was a poor countryside hawker , who was lazy and constantly excessive drinking.Tess’s mother was a dairymaid ,whose mind was very simple.They were pitiful creatures who were always feeling after the vanity.Just as such terrible parents became the setter of Tess’s tragedy.Incidently, Tess’s father discovered a link to the noble of the d’Urbervilled.Therefore, Tess was sent to work at the d’Urbervilles mansion.And then,Tess was seduced by a so-called gentleman----Alec.Unfortunatelly, her ideals cannot prevent her from sliding further and further into misfortune after she becomes pregnant.Forced by the gossips and the church’s blame, Tess thought she deserved nothing good.In order to get rid of the past, she decided to go to a distant diary farm but still thought she was of guilty.Maybe God didn’t approve of this, because the Lord gave her someone she loved with her whole heart----Angel Chare.They loved each other deeply.Somehow, Tess agreed to marry Angel.Soon after their wedding Angel confessed the crime he committed to a woman long time ago and asked for Tess’s forgiveness.Tess was not at all angry and forgave Angel at once;in fact she was rather happy and excited for she also had things to confess.She sat and told her past to Angel, and hoping to be forgiven.But she was wrong and Angel didn’t listen to her explanation at all.Without Angel’s love, nothing meant anything to her.Alec found Tess again and forced her to stay with him.At last, Tess couldn’t bear it and killed Alec.Everything was changed.Tess was arrested for her murder eventually.And this story was ended with the death of Tess.2.Tess’s rebellion

Tess is a rebelled girl.First of all, she never yeilded to pressure from the society.The contest between corruption and innocence takes place not only in a field, but also in the human’s heart.In Tess’s life, there are two men----Alec and Angel.Both of them have a great influnence to change her fate.Tess is a pure girl tangled up to the tragedy web which is delineated by the imposed fate.That is too unfair to accept by anyone.But Tess never gives up.Alec is a devil young man who does everything he can to seduce Tess when she works for his family.And he does not try to hide his evil.At the begining of this book, he promises to provide for the family that brings Tess to “sell” herself to him.It is Alec who not only ruins Tess’s virginity, but also destroys her happy life.Alec is not only sensual, but also arrogant and physically strong.He believes that winning a woman requires force, not affection and love.Disregarding Tess’s revolution, Alec considers women as carnal objects rather than as equal human’s worthy of affection.Then, he believes he is different from the ancestors, since he has power over her while they do not but in fact he is just like them, using his power like a God although his is quite hollow.He promises empty advantages to her, like the wealth she eventually receives from him, that can never be more important than love.Facing Alec’s force, Tess trys her best to rebel him.And, after the seducing, Tess decided to leave Alec and work for a distant diary farm.She uses her action to prove her rebellion to the world.Secondly, Tess kills Alec at last.This thing shows her rebellion again.When Tess refuses to marry Alec despite the social advantage the match would give her, and refuses his offers of help because she does not sincerely love him, we see her as more than an unwitting victim: her integrity and courage make her heroic.Thus, in the latter part, as Angle returns with renewed loyalty and love for Tess, it becomes apparent that Alec’s trick has considerably broken down Tess’s loyalty to Angle.Torn apart, her shame and grief cause her violent side to explode;Tess now kills her lover in a murderous rage out of love for her husband.Whether intentional or not, Tess has fulfilled Angle’s proclamation that they cannot be together as long as Alec is alive.Her newfound activity may not save her;indeed, her punishment for the murder, presumably death by hanging, will snap her neck just like she snaps the necks of those pheasants.Nevertheless, it may be preferable to her earlier passivity, providing her with a nobler way to face her fate.In a word, Alec of the representatives of the bourgeoisie, he has a bourgeois state apparatus, law, and ethics, as a backup.Wealth can rely on the law and not easily bullied and on the playing Tess.Tess and his contradictions, it can also be said that the workers are oppressed and the specific performance of the entire capitalist social contradictions.Tess beginning of his attitude is very clear, she publicly declares his obnoxious.Later, at a farm, she puts up a struggle to him.Finally, she curses him to ruin her life.She ignores the bourgeois legality and morality, on the feelings of great anger to kill him.Her reaction is a heavy attack to the dark society.3.Tess’s cowardice Tess has a definitely rebeled charactor.at the same time, she is coward.This charactor is also showed on two aspects.First, her love for Angel.In great contract to Alec, Angel wins Tess’s heart by sweet words and kindness.In fact, he is a more complicated person.As a typical nineteenth century progressive representative, Angel rejects the values handed to him, and sets off in search of his own.His disdain for tradition which is an independent spirit contributes to his aura of charisma and general attractiveness.He thinks of this at the time of the British bourgeoisie humanitarian and historical conditions, bourgeois rule in a very brutal, very tragic life of the peasant class, a certain progress is meaningless.However, it must be pointed out is that he has not really jump out of his area against the old moral values, He has not really despised from the class prejudices.He decides to stand for the bourgeois ideology and his inevitable departure from the selfish interests.Although he goes to the farmers to learn farming techniques, but his real purpose is to the future.Although he claims to be independent judgment opinion, once the thing is a very crucial stage, he is still upholding the decadent bourgeois social customs and moral hypocrisy.Angel loves Tess because he thinks that she is sweet and pure.Tess’s denial of him shows she is concerned about her past.To Angel, her denial seems to signify that Tess is even more virtuous than he thinks of.Somehow Tess agrees to marry him.She is so afraid to lose her husband that makes her life restless all the time.Later on, when she knows a similar error in Angel’s past “eight-and forty hours” dissipation with a stranger in London, she securely makes her confession and hopes to get Angle’s forgiveness.Tess has thought although Angel didn’t find the letter under the carpet he can forgive her and then they will live a happy life together.But Angel, who proves himself more judgmental and inflexible than his parent, is blind by his failure to accept Tess for who she really is.He takes Tess’s transgression as a personal attack on him, which makes him unable to see her clearly.The idealized, pure vision of Tess is destroyed.Angel has the same past as Tess’s, but he cannot forgive Tess as Tess forgives him.He no longer sees the woman he once has seen and has married only hours ago.For him, the lover who’s beloved has been transformed in his mind from the embodiment of purity into the tarnished reality of a fallen woman.Second, her second stay with Alec also presents her cowardice.While enduring the abanded life, as Tess struggles with Alec’s temptation , her need for Angel, becomes more and more desparate.If Angel were to return to her and do his duty as her husband, her problems would greatly diminish.She writes to Angel and pleads that he not judges her on her irretrievable past.Tess’s situation thus makes her very vulnerable to Alec’s persuasions.She is obviously heartbroken and needs to be loved more than ever.She is also distraught by her family’s ever-worsening financial situation.Alec’s reasoning seems more valid to Tess than it has in the past.In a way, Tess and Alec are similar in that they have both fallen and ask for forgiveness for their indiscretions.After a long wait for Angel’s reply, but nothing, Tess begins to realize that Alec may be her only hope.She gives up all hopes and becomes Alec’s mistress for the sake of her family.Tess’ love is not given the spirit of transcendence and physical beauty, but with the loss of self-emaciated blind and miserable, unrealistic to imagine that there is no hope with the chessboard, and all are attributable to the self-destiny of the fate and helplessness.Her life is not worthwhile to an attachment that her man and this is a profound tragedy.When she feels the opinions of all the sacrifices so insignificant, as all acts of levity, finally decides to angrily rebel.Of course, Tess once expressed her plainness angrily by the last letter to Angel under a completely disappointed condition.4.Conclusion Tess of d’Urbervilles is a great work.Tess is one of Hardy’s most sympathetic protagonists.She is as likeable as a literary charactor found in all of English literature.Readers come to understand her plight and her acceptance of the seemingly inevitable things that happen to her.Not once during the novel does Tess exhibit any traits that take away from Hardy's portrayal of her as a good person.As a result, by the end of the novel, we wish for a happy ending for Tess and Angel, but we know that not all stories end on a positive note.Nowadays women’s situations have become much better.Some are because of the change of society and some are because of civilization.Just let those poor painful women like Tess be just a memory.Tess of d’Urbervilles is a great work.Tess is one of Hardy’s most sympathetic protagonists.She is as likeable as a literary charactor found in all of English literature.Readers come to understand her plight and her acceptance of the seemingly inevitable things that happen to her.Not once during the novel does Tess exhibit any traits that take away from Hardy's portrayal of her as a good person.As a result, from a deep underatand of the original works ,wo can by the end of the novel, we wish for a happy ending for Tess and Angel, but we know that not all stories end on a positive note.Nowadays women’s situations have become much better.Some are because of the change of society and some are because of civilization.Just let those poor painful women like Tess be just a memory.

第五篇：作文：叛逆与束缚

作文：叛逆与束缚（2013年3月厦门市高三质检作文题）

阅读下面的材料，根据要求作文。

有人说：真正成功的人，本质上流着叛逆的血，摆脱一切限制。也有人说：一支笔，可以画，可以写，但必须让一只手握住。

对上述说法，你有何感悟和思考？请自选角度，自定立意，自拟题目，写一篇不少于800字的议论文或记叙文。

要求：①必须符合文体要求；②不得抄袭，不得套作。范文示例

叛逆不是狂欢

随着时代的变迁，随着越来越多呼吁言说的声音出现，人们不再屈从于懦弱，而是在叛逆中获取精神的满足于愉悦。于是有人说：“真正成功的人，本质上留着叛逆的血，摆脱一切限制。”然而，这般不受任何限制的叛逆真的对吗？克尔凯郭尔曾叹：“人们最大的悲哀不是软弱，而是过于强大，乃至于漠视上帝。”

诚然，叛逆是一个时代进步的必须条件。正如《家》中觉慧的叛逆，让他走出封建礼教的罪恶，走向新生。社会更需要这样不合时宜的举措，来抨击那些隐藏在面具之下的罪恶。

只是，当叛逆之声愈演愈烈，演变成全民的狂欢盛宴，当摆脱限制被当成漠视一切秩序，这样的叛逆，便偏离了社会需要的轨迹，倒成了一场空喊口号的闹剧。

叛逆少年们自认为活得精彩而轻视法律，落得终生悔恨的下场；网络愤青们自视时代的新声音，毫无理智只知以为抨击，当期待异声成了只余骂声，把叛逆当做狂欢的人们，正如伏尔泰所言，“手持圣旗，满面红光走向罪恶。”

相比之下，新诺奖得主莫言，便获得了一场“沉默着的胜利”，许多人不满他的极少反抗，不似鲁迅等所谓爱国志士们在世界面前扬眉吐气。但难道莫言不是叛逆的吗？他的作品中充斥着太多对社会现象的无情揭露，而在生活中却谨遵叛逆精神的实质吗，不让其失去控制，只剩下狂欢般热闹过后的一片空白。

因此，于我，叛逆是可以的，甚至是必须的，但不受限制、漠视秩序的一类却不再有益。“一支笔，可以画，可以写，但必须让一只手握住。”我们可以言说己见，可以身体力行斥责不公，但这一切都应有理智，有公德，而不是一味随波逐流，而不是一味哗众取宠。

面对国王的仪仗队，贝多芬站在路边不屑一顾，歌德却毕恭毕敬施礼。叛逆者们自是无尽推崇贝多芬，咬牙切齿对歌德，却未曾想过全社会都无视礼法只知忤逆，那么倒真是天下大乱一片灾祸了。从这个层面来说，时代需要贝多芬，时代更需要歌德。所以当辜鸿铭留着辫子上课被北大学子斥责时，他一番“我的辫子是有形的，在头上；你们的辫子是无形的，在心里。”不应只让当场学生沉默，我们更应该意会到叛逆的意义正是在于由内而外、勇敢而不失理智的反抗。

切不可拿叛逆做狂欢，让珍贵的异声成为一场空娱乐。

随心到达，一江清明

哲学先贤尼采在超人论中提到人生三境界：骆驼狮子婴孩。骆驼忍辱负重，埋头前行有如握在手中的笔；狮子不惧艰辛咆哮着挣扎铁链，流着叛逆的血；婴孩以黑白眼辨浑浊世界最难得。我并不想评出此三者的上中下等，人们或匍匐于世，或仰头望天，都只是匆匆的行者，到达本就是一种姿态。

叛逆，不应是作秀，不应是为博人眼球，而是太过空灵与世难容的玻璃球；束缚也应是为自己画下的牢笼，它活血是橡树杆上的铁圈，你层层撕扯着皮肉包裹它，又因为与它的抗争得到更强大的免疫能力，在杀死同伴的病魔手中活下。

对于中国人，是不缺只看见鞭影的老马的，或许是两千年的封建帝制，或许是国民从众的劣根性，我们习惯了对异类的围堵。然而，那被世人热捧的乔布斯、扎克伯格，哪一个不是曾经叛逆的异类。他们中途辍学，不顾他人阻挠，疯狂地追逐一个“乌托邦”时，我们可曾流露出一丝对如此叛逆的赞赏？再看才女张爱玲繁华前世寂寞后生，男人们是不敢靠近，甚至不喜欢她的。她的叛逆冷冽尖锐，已经“虚无到了边缘”，她是成熟的叛逆，却因褪去中国人以为女子该有的委婉与天真的愚蠢不为平凡的世界所挽留。首先，中国人该有叛逆的骨气。

不过时下也有一些年轻人，提倡“裸游”这一理念，即没有工作没有家庭，抛去一切经济与时间限制，游遍大江南北。似乎是个美好的词语可惜对现实的这点反抗太过苍白。不知道有多少人真正懂得无业后的空虚与不安，不是每一个人都可以做马良神笔天马行空，你有资格“裸游”吗？如果不能，何方暂时做根被握住的笔，至少在方格与宣纸间留下墨痕。由此可见，任何叛逆都该有底气，如果只是一把笔，便该积蓄力量，同时在一方天地里努力精彩。

其实回到起点，成功并不是一身轻松，更不是肆意妄为，也不意味着只能屈居人下，悲凄地取暖，每一个真正成功的人都有自己的人生意义，他们将生命融入追求的过程，并让这意义与个性共放异彩。

事实上幼年时读到孔子“随心所欲”总是不解，长大了我看到于丹的“所谓局限，是格局大小，为其所限。”便突然明白，成功不可定义，生命自有长短，那么一个在地狱中可以创造天堂的人，对他来说，无所谓挣脱束缚，佛曰，心之所向，便已到达。月影支离，一江清明。

独立与良知，乃铸大师

《百年孤独》作者马尔克斯说：“我把独立分为两种，学术上的独立和人格上的独立。”无论何种独立，都必须摆脱一切限制，并且真正的大师还不仅在学术领域卓有成就，更需要有精神体积和生命业绩的综合考量。为此，一个成功者，须以叛逆的鲜血摆脱诸身心的限制，以独立与良知开拓境界。反抗强权的限制与守卫良知是并行不悖的，大师身上的强权首先是权威、政治，而良知则是为人类幸福所负的责任。梁漱溟在一次政协会议上为农民的艰苦境况提出“九天九地”说，公然顶撞毛泽东，他为人民出声音而义无反顾。索尔仁尼琴更是左右开弓，用《古拉格群岛》揭露斯大林体制的黑暗，还攻击美国虚伪的民主。这些在权力者眼中的“叛逆者”，以其超越政治眼光的文化眼光，超越民族思维的普世思维，成为人格上的独立为人和人类的良心。

荣格说过：“学术的最高成就就是人格成就。”而独立的人格便是打破一切不合理、非理性的因素，特别是成为不被某一只手握住的人。那么，难道今天就没有“独立之精神，自由之思想”，心怀民族命运的大师吗？

随着社会浮躁化与功利化，知识分子中除了极少数之外纷纷甘于沦为“犬儒主义者”和政治的服用。钱理群笔下的“于丹现象”便是一例。《<论语>心得》忽略了儒家批评者的一面，在社会现实巨大矛盾中避而不谈政府责任，弱化社会与政治承诺的重要性。这种甘于被权势收编，对人民现状坐而不理，“倒挂式的修身”心态，又如何成就大师？

由此观之，所谓大师者，首先要有浩瀚的精神世界，丰富的生命行为，和摆脱束缚的勇气。尼采曾言：“一切文化都是非政治的。”因而在这个时代，铸就独立人格的大师首先必须“去政治化”、“去体制话”。然而这并不意味着他们于社会毫无约束，而是开放一个空间使之看清人民、社会，成为真正的社会的风向标。

黑格尔曾言：“一个民族有些关注天空的人，才有希望；一个民族若只是关注脚下，注定没有未来。”把握住大师的手放开，使之超越束缚二独立，不仅是人民的福祉，更是一个社会走向理性的标志。

怀律己之心，修独立之思

有人说：成功的人本质上流着叛逆的血；也有人说：成功的人是真正守住规则的人；而我认为，一面追求一面哭泣，背叛的是陈规陋习，紧握的是人类与自由签下的契约，这才是真正成功的人。

“心中有猛虎，在细嗅着蔷薇”，英国诗人所言极是。“猛虎”是对于墨守成规的离弃，而细处的“蔷薇”则是成功的人超越世俗时不可违背的边境。试想当传承千年的礼义之规逐渐消散，传统美德和人类规则底线无人问津，空余为名为利不断破坏自由契约而潜心经营的蝇营狗苟，那么这个民族真正的自由又有意？试想当条条框框圈住欲腾飞的独立思想，世俗的压迫已成为人类灵魂的桎梏，那么这个民族离明哲保身的苟且偷生还有多远？

且看梵高为艺术挣脱世俗的禁锢，血一般的玫瑰红，浓郁的钴蓝，耀眼的柠檬黄，一一直指灵魂深处，破处心灵枷锁。梵高对世俗的背叛，冲破艺术的陈规，追求自由艺术之巅不正是超越一切的桎梏从而获得灵魂高度的背叛吗？

再看左拉当国家聚集起的乌云笼罩着一百多年前法国人权的天空，一句掷地有声的“我控诉”摆脱漠视人权的法国大地。左拉的身上流着叛逆的血，这是对陈规的叛逆，是对陋习的挣脱。

是的，若无这些在枪林弹雨中致力于摆脱框条桎梏的仁人志士，那么那些“识时务者为俊杰”的胆怯者还将退在角隅里瑟瑟发抖至何时？然而，挣脱一切限制并不意味着可以随心所欲，肆意妄为，而是在撕裂陋习的同时，与自由签下契约，有所节制有所约束。

“真正的自由是有边界的自由”，萧翰说道。诚如斯言，摆脱限制争取的自由，是应符合自由法则的自由。反光当今，爱国愤青们为所谓“独立自由国权”而肆意抢砸同胞们的日货车；美国为所谓的“言论自由”开演《穆斯林的无知》而使其中东政策走向迷茫之点；毒奶粉、染色馒头为所谓“自由逐利”竟肆加违禁品„„这些都不是真正摆脱限制争自由，反而是对于法规和文明良心的漠视。

常怀律己之心，守住自由的契约；常修独立之思，挣脱灵魂的桎梏。

踽踽而行的溯流者

“生命是对宇宙意识的全然叛离，没有忤逆，生命便不能成其为生命。” 我不知道木心在写这句话时，他见到了哪些踽踽而行的溯流者。历史长河浩浩汤汤，正如《云图》中多个时代的转换拼接中，永远都有身上烙有自由流星的孤独的清醒者，在生存平等、音乐独立、思想自由的召唤之下背离着世界行走。

他们是少数的英雄。世界上总有那么一些人，他们对抗某种不公与谬误甚至愿意站起来与大多数人抗争，而有时甚至是神与信仰。“思想的恶魔”尼采嬉笑于“快乐的科学”对日益空虚的基督信仰进行强烈抨击，他是上帝的叛徒，他敢怀疑本应毋庸置疑的力量。因此当他高喊“上帝死了”时，他正孤独地逆流而上。如今现人崇他赞他，而悲哀的是时间并没有维度。叛逆者因破坏与反传统而有着常人无法理解的孤独，虽然热爱却无法言说。

圣西门曾在《一个日内瓦居民给当代人的信》中赞扬叛逆者“是人类理性发展的根源”，而从这个层面上看这些思想“叛”者的存在更像是某种意义上的启蒙。当代社会困于意识形态之时他们却同样第一个觉醒。上帝说“要有光”，于是光亮降临大地。叛逆者很多便像那光，身先士卒，照亮黑暗的一隅一角。

但是，破坏和反传统并不是目的。叛逆的目的是为了挑战传统并加以质问，审视传统中的某些成分是否仍具有其时代意义，与“人”这个名词背道而驰。正像金庸在《神雕侠侣》后记对于杨过的评价，他是一个江湖的叛逆者的形象存在，而其存在并非只是为了赞扬叛逆，而是其对于封建礼教的否定与反叛。真正的英雄逆徒，往往具有高于常人的才华与责任感，他们是“方楔子里的圆木块”，是特立独行的人，是最为真实的人。

但很多时候我们还是沉默的大多数，对于这些叛逆，我们始终只能仰望而无法并肩。而社会之所以为社会，却恰是少数与多数的包容体。逆与不逆，叛与不叛，在二者皆有正当性时应得到社会的宽容与善待。踽踽而行的溯流者像是对于集体的反叛。诚然，社会是人的集合，却也因“人”的个体意义而立体可感。现今我想对于叛逆者更多的是一种包容，人类社会，才能在孤独、集群、自由、平等、独立之中，缓缓向前，生生不息。

自由为文，束缚如质

智慧之书《论语》中有一言：文胜于质则过，质胜于文则囿。于是，我们明白，文与质不偏不倚，相辅相成才能使其大放光彩。一如文与质，自由使人冲破心灵的牢框，而束缚令其不致太过锋芒。自由为文，束缚如质，文质相称，相得益彰。

凌波曾言：“若心灵失去根基，心灵虽生犹死。”根之于人一如水之于鱼，在渴望自由之时不忘携束缚上路，让前行的道路上始终有理性的阳光照耀。在《飘》那个动荡的年代，斯嘉丽挺身而出，为自由而搏，为理想而斗，然而“精神的孤独是心灵无处安放的寂寞”，越飘泊越企求心灵的束缚，企求回归大地的怀抱。与斯嘉丽迥异，对于久在飘零的昆德拉而言，这看似无拘无束的游移却是所不能承受的生命之重。一如克莱尔所道：“为什么一个人的时候会流泪？为什么脱离人群时会失去思考能力？因为这样我们不必为责任和义务思考和烦忧。”

追求自由无可厚非，试图挣脱一切限制的勇气值得敬佩，而现实并非理想主义所构的“理想国”，乌托邦的钟声固然诱人，还需有甘于接受束缚之心。

对于少年而言，现实就如同一部魔幻剧，那些血气方刚的少年如何能在现实的委屈和困境中甘心偏安？追寻自由的脚步如何能在荒诞的故事里停歇？自由者如同周云蓬。17岁的他，坐上开往另一座城市的列车开始向世界发出了挑战。这个盲小孩选择依随跳动着的叛逆的鲜血，在无情沧浪之上泛船游移，钓回的不是悠悠似水年华，只是一伤苍凉作伴。当初那个不甘偏安，执意前行的周云蓬才发现世界不容庸人自扰，义无反顾追随自由的心经不起岁月的摧残。于是最终选择被缚于安定，生活也逐渐安心。

我们的时代有太多的附属品，那些灯红酒绿、纸醉金迷的生活，那些从不停歇、追逐名利的人生，都得使我们一步步想要逃离束缚去忠于自由与理想。而若只是金圣叹夏日淤来红盘里切绿沉西瓜的随意和恬淡，切格瓦拉前往古巴去享受他的“百年孤独”，何尝不是一种快乐，又何尝不是对自由与束缚的一种深刻理解？

似《隐言经》所启示：“灵性之子啊，我使你来生高贵，你却日趋卑贱。为着你的创生，你要挺身奋起。”我欲与你共勉，以自由为文，束缚为质，习得权衡之心，让自由与束缚并存，大放光彩。

成功源自叛逆

成功有保守的一面也有开创性的元素，我想成功更多源自叛逆，正如罗曼·罗兰所说：“是叛逆激发了人类心中大自然赋予的力量。”

心理学上，叛逆是基于束缚的摆脱，是自我积压的释放。我们一生都处于卢老所言的枷锁之中，然而这些限制都应被冲破才能成功？不可一概而论之。艺术创作的叛逆让新的世界得以开创；文学研究的叛逆让新思想得以激发；科技研制中叛逆推动了人类认识；法律军规下叛逆为你带来阴暗潮湿的“狱中人生”。

艺术创作让叛逆成为吹醒萌芽的春风。莫奈于中世纪写实油画胜出之际大胆叛逃于种种画派之外，开始创作当时视为异类的印象画法，成为印象派开山鼻祖；顾恺之勇于革新画风画法于晋代自成一家之风；雷杜德叛离了欧洲画风主流，不论你是拿破仑的宏大政治或是一战二战血雨腥风，他依旧画玫瑰，并且一生只画玫瑰，让玫瑰画作登上世界之巅。

文学研究让叛逆成为滋润花朵的源泉。李贽大胆叛离于儒家世界公然质疑，在他看来儒学出自“先生臆度，父兄称诵，小子学之，有如一犬吠而群犬吠之”，使明末思想界开放出一束光阴；熊十力自称十力，即超出世间的十种力量，叛出传统禅学理论；艾利称自己文学创作的成功源自内心叛逆常规的血液；钱钟书打破一贯传统学派的写法，创作出《围城》《管锥编》等不朽名篇。

科技上的叛逆成为承载果实的绿阴。波尔颠覆了宏观论开创了微观世界，让量子力学成为一门尖端学科；沃森与克里克叛离了遗传物质为蛋白质的一贯认识，发现并证实了DNA的成分和地位；战机的双翼反长，这一不可思议的大手笔让俄国人研发出性能当时无几的金雕战机。

然而叛逆需要勇气。如今，社会流行于复制模仿，追其本源是缺少叛逆的勇气与信心，只有具备这股勇气才能革故鼎新，才能不一味模仿西方，让复制业退出中国舞台，让中国制造变为中国智造。

叛逆更需要水平。并非像如今的青年逃学就可以成为下一个比尔盖茨，并非一味叛逆就能获取成功的桂冠，只有拥有水平抓住机遇，叛逆才不会成为幼稚成为落败的引桥。

教育上正缺乏这方面的引导，社会也应该有正确的认识才能使思想开放，使成功绽放。

自己的命运应握在自己手中，叛逆背后是自立，自立之后是成功，个人叛逆是成功之源，民族“叛逆”引领人类文明。