第一篇：如何做好完形填空和改错题
如何做好完形填空和改错题
一．如何做完形填空
1.完形填空做不好的原因分析： 1).文章理解不深刻； 2).做题方法不正确； 3).平时积累地不够； 4).对待完形填空的态度。2.完形填空的题型特点总结：
1).短文难度基本稳定。
2).短文选材一般为故事性文章，极少采用其他题材的文章。3).短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思路，以便考生做题。
4).考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法。5).短文长度基本稳定，一般在260～300个单词左右。6).备选答案以实词为主、虚词为辅： 7).后线索的特征： 8).连环错现象：
3.完形填空选项设置的几个特点
1).同义、近义词辨析型。2).固定搭配型。3).常用语法：
4).根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项的类型。5).逆向思维：
6).学会灵活运用各项知识尤其是英语思维与鉴赏能力： 4.完形填空的解题步骤（时间安排）：
1)、跳空猜读，领悟大意（3－4分钟）2)、逐句阅读，选出答案（7－8分钟）3)、猜测难点、整体复查（3－4分钟）5.做完形填空选择题时应注意如下几点：
1)．完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空。
2)．第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。
3)．做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见树林。
4)．每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中选出的应该是最佳选项，其它三项均为干扰项，有可能你说不出它错，但是当时的语境下不合适。5)．动笔时先易后难。
6).结合生活常识和中西方文化及上下文选出最佳答案。6.突破完形的注意事项：
1)、多积累词汇 2)、提高阅读速度 3)、题型不要过于单一 4）、选择性做题，首先保质保量地完 成老师布置的作业，因为老师会精讲这 些题。其次，自己课外也要找题来做。5）、要有规律的做题，题不在多而在精。
（完形填空的题目太长，不便举例）
二．如何做好短文改错题
先分析一下高考短文改错命题特点：短文改错题词数一般在100字左右，以书信、日记、记叙文为主，短文为常见话题或学生身边事；语言简单易懂，难度符合中学生水平，以考查学生书面表达中的常见错误为主；出题涉及面广，但动词（包括非谓语动词）、名词、连词、形容词或副词的考查较多；另外标点符号、语序、单词拼写一般不作要求。
短文改错考查的要点主要有三个方面：词法的测试，句法的测试，语篇的测试，分别从这三个方面分析： 1.词法的测试方面：
1)定冠词和不定冠词的用法； 2)名词的单复数和名词所有格；
3)动词的时态、语态、语气、情态动词和非谓语动词等； 4)人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法； 5)介词的搭配；
6)并列连词、从属连词的用法；
7)形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法； 8)固定搭配和习惯用法。2.句法的测试方面主要考查重点：
1)主谓语在数上的一致； 2)名词性从句； 3)定语从句； 4)强调句型；
5)句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性。3.语篇的测试
1)上下文中的时态是否一致； 2)上下文中的代词是否一致； 3)上下文中的逻辑是否一致；
4)上下文中的词、词组、从句的替代是否正确。4.短文改错的解题技巧：
1）.通读全文，了解短文的中心意思，把握全篇的时态、人称及行文逻辑。
2）.分句阅读，逐行找错。
3）.最后，把改好后的短文再阅读一遍，检验答案是否正确，感觉是否还有不妥之处，最终形成定稿。5.注意事项：规范做题：
1).增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在右面横线上写上该加的词。
2).删除：在原文上把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，并在右面横线上写上该删除的词并划掉。
3).修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。4).正确的划勾。(注意首字母是否大写)6.短文改错常见错误类型：
I.从词法的角度去分析(例题加黑处是错的)1).冠词常见错误
Eg：Today I visited the Smiths－my first visit to a American family．
Each player must obey（）captain who is the leader of the team．
2).名词常见错误：单复数用错,可数与不可数名词的混用。Eg：There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.3).介词常见错误：介词的多余或缺失或错用。
Eg:In fact, they are planning to visit China in next year.4）形容词和副词常见错误：两者混用，形容词、副词的比较级或最高级（记住:修饰名词及在连系动词后用形容词；修饰实义动词，形容词，分词及整个句子用副词。）
Eg:The Huanghe River is the second longer river in China.5）.代词常见错误：主要是代词的格与数的错用和一致性 Eg:The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.6）.动词常见错误
（1)时态错误,包括and前后动词时态不一致(时态的更 改要以上下文的主体时态为依据)（2)主谓不一致，如第三人称单数漏掉s,或主语为复数,谓语动词用了单数;再就是就近原则对主语的影响。（3)主动语态与被动语态错用.（4)非谓语动词的错用：不定式符号to的有无问题；动名词作主语、宾语问题;and连接的不定式或动名词前后一致问题;现在分词和过去分词的区别等。
Eg:a.At first I was not quite willing to sit down and watched the 90-minute football match.b.Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also．．．
c.Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them.d.Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself.e.Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything as they please 7）.连词常见错误： 连词主要考查上下文之间的逻辑关系，包括并列连词、从属连词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词。II.从句法的角度去分析：
1）定语从句 Eg:a.He put it in a secret place where I couldn’t find.b.The house which Lu Xun once lived is being repaired now.c.I'll never forget the day which I first went to school 2）名词性从句
Eg:a.We would return at night to hear that he'd picked up from the radio in the day.b.But it didn’t matter that I would win or not.c.When people are playing games,they move a lot.That is how sports are good activities for their health 3）状语从句
Eg:a.He got up early in order to he could catch the first b.Make a mark which you have any doubts or questions 4)句式结构：考察一个句子是否完整,是否存在否定误用的问题,省略现象是否有误,平行、并列关系是否混乱,强调句结构是否完整 Eg:a.As we climbed the mountains, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.b．I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees.c.Why you think so many people still suffer from poverty now? 最后，要落实到实际中去，要多做题目多积累，坚持每天做相关的题目，做到熟能生巧。
第二篇：完形填空和阅读理解
完形填空
阅读下面短文，从36—55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项.My car and my best friend
For most, getting your first car opens up a new world of freedom and allows you to go wherever you want, whenever you want.Getting a car did1this for me, and it also brought my best friend and me2.But then it tore us apart(分开).My best friend lives three minutes from my3.Since her4is in late summer, seven months behind mine, I basically became her5when I turned 16 in December.And so I6her up for school and took her home.We made ice-cream7, went shopping and to the movies―all in my car.I would drive to her house just to sit on her bed, read magazines and have a good laugh.I went to her house so8that she gave me a key9her house.A week after I got my license（驾照），she was with me10I had my first accident.She was there and11me and we kept it a12, since I didn’t want people to13.From then on, through thick and thin(共患难), it was just me , my car and my best friend.High school is a time of14, but I couldn’t15for a long time16we became so distant（疏远）after being so close.My friend waited three months after her birthday to get her dream car：a green 2004 Beetle.With its17, the passenger seat of my car became18.Our car trips became less frequent(频繁的)19I didn’t even drive down her street.It’s funny how a car can change a relationship so much.I had wanted her to get a car, but once she did, I20it.I wanted her friendship back, even if it couldn’t be the same.1.A.someB.anyC.noneD.all
2.A.closerB.fartherC.luckierD.happier
3.A.neighborB.schoolC.homeD.family
4.A.holidayB.birthdayC.courseD.job
5.A.guideB.followerC.partnerD.driver
6.A.pickedB.wokeC.calledD.hurried
7.A.partiesB.tripsC.plansD.classes
8.A.happilyB.oftenC.hardlyD.seldom
9.A.toB.onC.ofD.for
10.A.while
11.A.savedB.butC.whenD.after B.suggestedC.advisedD.comforted
B.secretC.prideD.joke 12.A.favorite
13.A.helpB.seeC.knowD.laugh
14.A.changeB.disappointment C.friendshipD.excitement
15.A.believeB.answerC.imagineD.understand
16.A.whenB.where
17.A.arrival
C.howD.what C.returnD.beauty 1 B.dream
18.A.brokenB.crowded
20.A.lostB.received
阅读理解 C.emptyC.enjoyedD.different D.beforeD.regretted 19.A.howeverB.untilC.as
(A)
Fifteen people were killed and 38 others injured in a road accident early Wednesday morning in Enshi,Central China's Hubei Province．The bus，travelling from Wanzhou in Southwest China's Chongqing Municipality to Shenzhen in South China's Guangdong Province，had 53 passengers on board, three more than permitted．
At around 1 am on Wednesday，the bus increased speed gradually on a curve（弯路）and plunged more than 30 metres into a valley below.Thirteen people，including one of the two drivers，died at once.Two others died on the way to hospital．
Although the cause of the accident is still unclear，the local police said the driver paid no attention to the official warning signs on the expressway．It hit a section which had been closed as a result of snow.Because of the freezing weather and icy roads，the expressway had been closed by police since Tuesday morning． But the bus drivers took the dangerous route，paying no attention to the warnings．
The rescue team, which included more than 30 medical workers and 120 local villagers，joined together and rushed to the scene at the news of the accident．By 5 am, all of the injured had been sent to three local hospitals for emergency treatment．A hospital source said most of the patients were in a stable（稳定的）condition but a few were still in danger．
According to a 2002 national public opinion poll, traffic accidents ranked as people's third biggest security concern．
1． When the accident took place，＿＿＿＿．
A．the bus was on the way to ShenzhenB．most of the passengers were sound asleep
C．all the passengers were given immediate rescueD．it was snowing hard
2． The expressway was closed to ＿＿＿＿．
A．protect the passengers from being frozenB．make the police have a good rest
C．stop cars traveling aroundD．avoid the happening of traffic accidents
3．The passage is about ＿＿＿＿．
A． how a road accident took placeB． safety measures
C． a terrifying accidentD． the basic rules for safety
(B)
For the first time in Hong Kong's history，an entertainer has been written into middle school textbooks.He is considered one of the best actors in Hong Kong.Yes，he is Chow Yun fat．
The example of his long hard struggle for success has been used in a chapter in a Hong Kong middle school textbook．Using his experience，students can learn to make the most of their time and to grab every opportunity to succeed．
On hearing about this，Chow said happily，“I really hope that my experiences can make young people understand that one should not be afraid of difficulties and setbacks（挫折），for they are the only way to success．”
Indeed，Chow has travelled a long and difficult path to reach his success．In 1955，he was born into a poor family in Hong Kong.When he was 17，he had to leave school．He worked in a number of jobs—as a postman，camera salesman and taxi driver.These experiences paved the way for him to play all kinds of roles later in life．
Chow broke into the film industry in the late 1970s.He was one of the hardest working actors and starred in a number of popular TV dramas and films including “Shanghai Bund”（《上海滩》）and “A Better Tomorrow”． Since 1985，he has won many awards including Taiwan's Golden Horse Awards and Hong Kong Film Awards.In 1995, he went to Hollywood． Although he was already in his 40s, he had to learn English．He even put chopsticks in his mouth to practise pronouncing certain sounds.His film，“Crouching Tiger，Hidden Dragon”，began to gain him more fame and recognition around the world．In 1998，the mayor of Chicago set aside January 12 as “Chow Yun fat Day．”
4．Chow Yun fat has been written into middle school textbooks mainly because________．
A.he plays best in Hong KongB.he keeps on struggling for success
C.his experiences are very specialD.he is well thought of
5．Chow felt_________when he learned that he had been written into middle school textbooks．
A． surprisedB． happyC． sadD． shy
6．What can we infer from the passage？
A． Chow Yun fat is proud of his success．
B． Chow Yun fat is popular both at home and abroad．
C． Chow Yun fat prefers to make a living by selling cameras rather than by performing．
D． Chow Yun fat has won more awards than other actors．
7．The underlined sentence（in Paragraph 6）suggests ＿＿＿＿．
A． chopsticks is of great help to practise English pronunciation
B． Chow Yun fat is willing to struggle with difficulties
C． Chow Yun fat has suffered a lot since he went to Hollywood
D． it is hard for a person who is over 40 years old to learn spoken English
8.The author wrote this passage to ＿＿＿＿．
A.introduce Chow's way to success
B.praise Chow for his excellent performance
C.call on people to learn from Chow
D.show why Chow is popular
III．完形填空
36-40 DACBD41-45 ABBAC46-50DBCAD51-55 CACBD IV． 阅读理解
56-58 ADC59-63 BBBBC
第三篇：完形填空和语法填空
高三英语课堂测试（第一小组）2011-2-28
第一套
第一节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）
Learning to Accept
I learned how to accept life as it is from my father., he did not teach me acceptance
when he was strong and healthy,．
that away．Now he can no longer walk, and he must sit quietly in a chair all day．Even talking is．．we grow---our youth, our beauty, our friends---but it after we give something up, we gain something new in its place．up．He said ,”But, Petet．I gave upd not think of anything to say.he answered his own question : “．” I looked at my sisters, and saw tears in their eyes, along with hope and thankfulness．
I was by his words．After that ,when I began to fell irritated（愤怒的）at
If he could replace his great pain to give up my small irritations．In this．
Sometimes other things I could learned from him if I had listened more
carefully when I was a boy． 36．A．Afterwards 37．A．tired38．A．already 39．A．took
B．ThereforeB．weakB．stillB．threw
C．HoweverC．poorC．onlyC．sent
D．Meanwhile D．slow D．once D．put D．hopeless
40．A．impossible B．difficultC．stressful
本卷第1页（共6页）
41．A．worrying42．A．decisions43．A．as
B．caring
C．talking
D．asking D．beliefs D．till D．requires D．opened D．everything D．Certainly D．enjoyed D．warned D．might D．happy D．able D．wayD．guess D．word
B．experience B．since
C．ambitionsC．before C．seems
44．A．suggests45．A．spoke
B．promisesB．turned
C．summedC．nothing
46．A．something47．A．surprisingly 48．A．had
B．anythingB．Immediately B．acceptedB．astonishedB．couldB．calmB．likelyB．formB．wonder B．gift
C．NaturallyC．gained
49．A．touched50．A．should 51．A．quiet52．A．ready53．A．case54．A．doubt 55．A．award
C．attractedC．would C．relaxed C．freeC．method C．knowC．lesson
第二节．语法填空（共10小题；每小题2分, 满分20分）
In the dinning room of my grandfather’s house stood a heavy grandfather’s clock.Meals in become one.The grandfather’s clock always stood like a trusted old family friend, us playing jokes and child, the old clock interested me.I watched and listened toduring meals.I was how at different times of the day, the clock would strike three times, six times or more, a wonderful great sound that echoed throughout the house.The clock chimed year after year, a part of my memories, a part of my heart.Even more wonderful to me was my grandfather did each day.He carefully kept our family’s magnificent clock ticking and striking all year round.高三英语课堂测试（第一小组）2011-2-28
第二套
第一节完型填空（共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分）
I know I should have told the headmaster at the time．．
．In his absence I looked to was on his desk． English Writing Prize 1949．History Is a Serious of Biographies（人物传记）”．A（nI did not．reading it．, I was looking out of the window．
．to say: “I’m sorry, ．You’ll have to ．”．I sat the exam the next day and I won．I didn’t to cheat, but it was still cheating anyhow．
That was thirty-eight I was fifteen．I have never told anyone about it have I tried to explain to myself why not．
admitting that I had been looking at the things on his desk．Whatever it was, it has become a good example of how a little mistake can trap you in a more serious moral corner（道德困境）． 36．A．plan37．A．reason 38．A．this39．A．drawer 40．A．names 41．A．honest 42．A．desk
B．faultB．course B．which B．corner B．words
C．grade
D．luckD．vacation D．whatD．box D．messages D．active D．drawer D．secret D．forget D．went
C．exampleC．thatC．middle C．ideas
B．handsomeB．paperB．key
C．friendlyC．bookC．note
43．A．question44．A．help
B．considerB．stayed
C．practiseC．returned
45．A．disappeared
46．A．existed 47．A．tiring48．A．saw49．A．repeat 50．A．take
B．remainedB．easyB．gaveB．defend B．haveB．learnB．agoB．neverB．besides
C．happenedC．importantC．setC．correct C．loseC．meanC．thenC．nor
D．continued D．difficult D．made D．change D．find D．pretend D．before D．so D．without D．Therefore
51．A．remember52．A．past53．A．either 54．A．by
C．throughC．Otherwise
55．A．ButB．Though
第二节．语法填空（共10小题；每小题2分, 满分20分）
A bookless life is an incomplete life.Books influence the depth and breadth of life.They meet the natural desire __31______ freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life.Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of __32_______ need.Readers turn__ 33______(nature)to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to escape from their own _34______(limit)environment lead them to find in books food for the mind __35_____ the spirit.Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now.They _36__________(present)with a diversity of human experiences and come to respect other ways of thought and living.And while _37_______(establish)their own relationships and responses to life, the readers often find __38______ the characters in their stories are going through similar adjustments, 39_____ help to clarify and give significance to their own.Books provide abundant material for readers’ imagination to grow.Imagination is __40___ valuable quality and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement.While enriching their imagination, books widen their outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure properly.The social and educational significance of the readers’ books cannot be overestimated in an academic library.高三英语课堂测试（第一小组）2011-2-28
第三套
第一节：完形填空（共20小题，每小题1．5分，满分30分）
It was a bright spring afternoon when Fieda told me she wouldn’t need me any more．I had just finished my four-hour work －up and down the stairs of her three-storey home, cleaning the floor and washing the dishes．She was jeans and a sweater, sitting at the，a pile of papers spread around her．Her husband’s was going to happened．I felt sorry for her，but I also felt a sense of
I had been cleaning Freda’s house for five years and had with the family．It was not just I had become an expert at scraping（刮掉）dirt stuct to their wooden floor, that I had learned exactly how to place toys on the girls’beds． ．
to school．And I’d be there when they．I them grow up．scraping away the dirt and dust for the family.I left Freda’s house that day, wondering about theof my relationship with my clients（主顾）．Who am I them? As a matter of fact, I’an employee － the lowest kind of employee．But I’m also a trusted．I can’t help worrying about what happens around me． 36．A．stepping37．A．hanging38．A．cleaned39．A．duty40．A．already 41．A．regret 42．A．started 43．A．why44．A．but45．A．less46．A．life47．A．as
B．coming B．making B．washed B．money B．seldom
C．jumpingC．wearingC．swept C．workC．neverC．fear
D．moving D．changing D．brushed D．pay D．yet D．loss D．broken D．which D．forD．most D．experience D．however
B．surpriseB．developedB．whatB．andB．leastB．storyB．so
C．improvedC．thatC．or
C．moreC．activity C．since
48．A．taking 49．A．left50．A．found
B．bringingB．returnedB．noticed B．greatB．nature B．to
C．meetingC．went
D．calling D．marched D．realized D．strange D．importance D．at D．merely D．companion
C．watchedC．proper C．resultC．with
51．A．possible52．A．meaning53．A．for54．A．hardly
B．certainlyB．person
C．probablyC．relative
55．A．member
第二节．语法填空（共10小题；每小题2分, 满分20分）Dear World,My son starts school today.It's going to be strange and new to him for a while.And I wish you would treat him gently.You see, up to now, he's been the king of the roast.He’s been boss of(be)around to repair his wounds, and to soothe his feelings.will probably(live)his life in the world he has to live in will require faith and love and courage.his young hand and teach him the things he will have to know.Teach him, but gently, if you can.Teach him that for every villain(坏人)there is a hero;that for every crocked(喝醉了的)politician(政客）there is a dedicated leader;that for every enemy there is a friend.Teach him the wonders of books.Teach his ownthey are wrong.Teach him to sell his brawn(强健的肌肉）and brains to the highest bidder(出价人），but never to put a price 39his heart and soul.Teach him gently, World, but don’t spoil him, because only the test of fire makes fine steel.you can do.He’s such a nice little fellow.Yours sincerely
A Mother
第四篇：改错题
改错题(指出下列公文的8处错误)
关于办理商标注册附送证件问题的批复
《关于办理商标注册附送证件问题的请示》收悉，国务院大致同意关于办理商标变更、转让或者续展注册时不再附送原商标注册证的意见，但考虑到这一问题涉及《商标法实施细则》的修改，特批复如下，盼遵照执行。
......本批发第一项、第四项由你局在1995年12月15日前发布。第二项、第三项由你局在一九九八年十一月一前发布。
国务院
1995年4月23日制发
①标题不完整
②缺主送机关
③“大致同意”用法不当
④实施细则应用全称
⑤语气不当“盼......”
⑥“一九九八......”表达错误
⑦作者位置不当
⑧“制发”二字多余。
中国人民银行××市分行
关于转发总行《储蓄工作座谈会纪要》的通知
×银发［2002］×号
现将总行的《储蓄工作座谈会纪要》转发给你们，请立即组织研究，展开讨论，并根据《纪要》精神，认真贯彻执行。当前，首先要抓好第一季度的工作，以便为全年工作打下基础。中国人民银行××市分行
二〇〇二年七月二十四日
一般来说，转发性通知只能有一个目的，或为执行，或为讨论，或为参考，二者不能兼得，更不能三者兼得。上面这则通知一方面让人家“研究讨论”，一方面又让人家“贯彻执行”，这二者是不可兼得的。因为“研究讨论”意味着转发对象尚不成熟，还没有达到“执行”的程度；而“贯彻执行”却意味着转发对象已经成熟，已经没有“研究讨论”的必要了。作者在这里显然犯了自相矛盾的错误，违背了形式逻辑中的不矛盾律。这是转发性通知中的一种多发病和常见病。
公文改错题（找出下列公文中的错误并说明理由，本题10分。）
××镇人民政府：
对你镇的数次请示，经研究作答复如下：
其一，原则同意批准你镇建立联合贸易公司，负责本镇的内、外贸易工作。你镇应尽快使联合贸易公司开始营业。
其二，你镇提出试行“关于违反计划生育规定的处罚办法”最好不执行，因为这个办法违反上级有关文件精神。
其三，对你镇提出要建一俱乐部活跃居民文化生活一事，予以批准，但规模要适当控制，量力而行。
其四，同意你镇组团参加在上海举办的服装节和在服装节上进行引资促销活动。××市人民政府
2001年×月×日
一是违反一文一批的原则。市政府在积存了某乡四件请示之后，才合在一起给了这样一个批复，这样做有多种弊端：（1）延误时间，耽误下级工作；（2）多种事项集于一篇公文之中，内容杂乱；（3）一份公文涉及多方面工作，给下级落实带来困难。因为这些工作在下级机关是由不同单位和不同负责人分管的，由哪个负责人承担批复的落实工作，不好确定。正确的做法是，下级报来一份请示，就及时回复一份批复。对方的四份请求，应有四份相应的批复。
二是标题不合要求。本批复的标题只有文种品称，没有发文机关和主要内容，不够认真严肃，也影响工作效率。
三是用语含糊不清，观点不明确。如“原则同意”、“最好不执行”、“违反上级有关文件精神”，都没有明确指出自己的观点，使下级无法执行。
四是时间要用汉字，不能用阿拉伯数字。
公文改错题（找出下列公文中的错误并说明理由，本题10分。）
××市工业局文件
××字（2002）××
号签发人：张平
××市工业局关于印发“关于节减行政经费的几项规定”的通知
我局同意××市财政局关于节减行政经费的几项规定”中提出的意见，认为切实可行，请结合本单位的情况参照执行。
附：××市财政局文件
2002.10.16
主题词：印发、规定、通知
抄送：××市人民政府、××市财政局
（1）发文字号不规范，应为××〔2002〕23号；
（2）下行文不应标注签发人，应取消，发文字号居中排列；
（3）标题不规范，应将“印发”改为“转发”，引号应改为书名号《》；
（4）缺主送机关，应写明收文单位名称；
（5）转发同级机关公文，不应用批示语气，如“我局同意”、“所提意见切实可行”等；
（6）《规定》属规范性公文，应认真执行而不应写“参照”执行；
（7）附件说明不规范，应具体写明附件的标题；
（8）成文日期不规范，应用汉字写全年月日，即二〇〇二年十月十六日；应加盖印章；
（9）主题词不规范，应表明公文的主题项：行政经费；主题词之间空一个汉字位置，不用标点符号；
（10）转发公文不应再向其他机关抄送，应取消抄送机关。
公文改错题（找出下列公文中的错误并说明理由，本题10分。）
各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府：
今年初，枝江县董镇信用社职工××同志为保卫国家财产，面对英勇歹徒，顽强搏斗，最后擒获歹徒。为此决定：授予××同志先进工作者称号。
国务院希望各条战线的群众、工人、农民、知识分子认真贯彻十三届四中、5中、6中全会精神，胸怀全局，艰苦奋斗，努力工作，为社会主义现代化建设做出更大贡献。中共中央、国务院90年4月24日
1.标题结构不完整，应改为“中共中央、国务院关于授予××同志先进工作者称号的决定”。
2.“今年初”这一时间概念表达不当，应改为“1990年初”。
3.枝江县前应冠以省名。
4.“英勇歹徒”的表达有误。
5.“群众、工人、„„”等搭配不当。
6.数字表达不一致，不应用阿拉伯数字。
7.作者排列有误，应分两行排列。
8.日期书写有误，应用汉字。
公文改错题（找出下列公文中的错误并说明理由，本题10分。）
关于申请拨给灾区贷款专项指标的报告
省行：
×月×日，×× 地区遭受了一场历史上罕见的洪水袭击，×江两岸乡、村同时发生洪水，灾情严重。经初步不完全统计，农田受灾总面积达38000多亩，各种农作物损失达 100多万元，农民个人损失也很大。灾后，我们立即深入灾区了解灾情，并发动干部群众积极开展生产自救。同时，为帮助受灾农民及时恢复生产，我们采取了下列措施：
一、对恢复生产所需的资金，以自筹为主。确有困难的，先从现有农贷指标中贷款支持。
二、对受灾严重的困难户，优先适当贷款，先帮助他们解决生活问题。到×月×日止，此项贷款已达××万元。
由于这次灾情过于严重，集体和个人的损失都很大，短期内恢复生产有一定的困难，仅靠正常农贷指标难以解决问题。为此，请省行下达专项救灾贷款指标××万元，以便支持灾区迅速恢复生产。
以上报告当否，请批示。
××银行××市支行
一九九八年×月×日
一、文种选择有误
从标题看，这篇公文是向省行提出灾区贷款专项指标的申请，目的是获得省行的批准。从正文的主体部分看，两条措施确属报告性质，但随后出现的专项贷款请求，就不是报告应有的内容了。从结语看，“以上报告妥否，请批示”，有着很强的期复性。因此，综合起来看，这篇公文应改为《关于拨给灾区贷款专项指标的请示》。
二、内容含糊
这是由于原文混淆了报告和请示的界限而造成的。写请示，只需写明请示缘由、请示事项，最后提出请示要求即可，与此无关的内容不应写入。而原文提出的两条措施：“对恢复生产所需的资金，以自筹为主”、“对受灾严重的困难户，优先适当贷款”，既不是请示缘由，也不是请示事项，不应该写入文中。
三、语言不准确
文中有多处语言不确切。如“×江两岸乡、村同时发生洪水”，×江两岸所有村庄都遭受洪灾似不可能，“同时发生”更不可能。“灾情较重”跟后面“这次灾情过于严重”的说法相龃龉；“据初步不完全统计”，“初步”和“不完全”语意重复。
第五篇：改错题
第十次上机题(改错补充题)
一、改错题
1.利用数组计算分数序列：2/1，3/2，5/3，8/5，13/8，21/13...前20项之和。
#include
void input(int n =10 ,int w[] ,);float sum(int w[] , int n);
void main(){ int data[22],n;cout<<“请输入数列的项数: ”;cin>>n;input(data[22],n);cout<<“2/1+3/2+5/3+…=”< void input(int n ,int w[]){ w[0]=w[1]=1;for(int i=2;i w[i]=w[i+11]+w[i+22];} } float sum(int w[],int n){ float num;for(int i=2;i num+=1.0*(w[i-1]+w[i-2])/w[i-1];} return num;} 【要求】 1.把上述程序录入到文件学号_1.cpp中，然后根据题目的要求及程序中的语句之间的逻辑关系对程序中的错误进行修改。程序中的注解可不输入。 2.改错时，可以修改语句中的一部分内容，调用整句的次序，增加少量的变量说明或编译处理命令，但不能增加其它语句，也不能删去整条语句。3.将改正后的源程序学号_1.cpp放在考试盘中的根目录下，供阅卷用。 二、改错题 题目：设计一个程序，键盘输入一个4×4矩阵，并按每行4个数据在屏幕上显示输入的原始数据。求：两对角线之和及将该矩阵转置后输出。含有错误的源程序如下： #include int sum(int a[4][4]);void f(int a[4][4]); void main(){ int data[4][4]={0};for(int i=0;i<4;i++) for(int j=0;j<4;j++) cin>>data[i][j];for(i=0;i<4;i++){ for(int j=0;j<4;j++) cout< cout< for(int j=0;j<4;j++) cout< cout< int sum(int a[][4]){ int n=0;for(int i=0;i<4;i++) n+=a[i][i]+a[i][3-i];} void f(int a[4][]){ int temp;for(int i=0;i<4;i++) for(int j=0;j<4;j++){ temp=a[i][j]; a[i][j]=a[j][i]; a[j][i]=temp; } } 【要求】 1.把上述程序录入到文件学号_2.cpp中，然后根据题目的要求及程序中的语句之间的逻辑关系对程序中的错误进行修改。程序中的注解可不输入。 2.改错时，可以修改语句中的一部分内容，调用整句的次序，增加少量的变量说明或编译处理命令，但不能增加其它语句，也不能删去整条语句。3.将改正后的源程序学号_2.cpp放在考试盘中的根目录下，供阅卷用。 三、改错题 【要求】 1.把上述程序录入到文件学号_3.cpp中，然后根据题目的要求及程序中的语句之间的逻辑关系对程序中的错误进行修改。程序中的注解可不输入。 2.改错时，可以修改语句中的一部分内容，调用整句的次序，增加少量的变量说明或编译处理命令，但不能增加其它语句，也不能删去整条语句。3.将改正后的源程序学号_3.cpp放在考试盘中的根目录下，供阅卷用。 四、改错题 以下程序验证一个猜想：任意一个十进制整数与其反序数相加后，得到一个新的正整数，将该新正整数重复上述处理后，最终可得到一个回文数。所谓反序数是指原数的数字次序颠倒而得到的数值，如4361的反序数为1634 所谓回文数是指正向和反向读的数字次序是一样的，例如12321和234555432。程序同时统计反复处理的次数c，例如对整数639，程序的运行状况如下： Please input a number：639 <回车> 639 , 99099 , 5 含有错误的源程序如下： 【要求】 1.把上述程序录入到文件学号_4.cpp中，然后根据题目的要求及程序中的语句之间的逻辑关系对程序中的错误进行修改。程序中的注解可不输入。 2.改错时，可以修改语句中的一部分内容，调用整句的次序，增加少量的变量说明或编译处理命令，但不能增加其它语句，也不能删去整条语句。3.将改正后的源程序学号_4.cpp放在考试盘中的根目录下，供阅卷用。 五、改错题 【要求】 1.把上述程序录入到文件学号_5.cpp中，然后根据题目的要求及程序中的语句之间的逻辑关系对程序中的错误进行修改。程序中的注解可不输入。 2.改错时，可以修改语句中的一部分内容，调用整句的次序，增加少量的变量说明或编译处理命令，但不能增加其它语句，也不能删去整条语句。3.将改正后的源程序学号_5.cpp放在考试盘中的根目录下，供阅卷用。
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