第一篇：一般过去时的用法及结构
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一般过去时的用法及结构
1． 一般过去时的基本用法
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, last night, in 2003, two days ago等。【举例】 I got up at 6:30 yesterday.我昨天6:30起床。My father was very busy last week.我父亲上周很忙。2． 一般过去时的基本结构
⑴ 肯定句“主语＋动词过去式＋其他”或者“主语＋was／were＋其他”。【举例】 I played tennis last weekend.我上周末打网球了。
My school trip was great.我的学校郊游棒极了。
⑵ 否定句“主语＋didn’t＋动词原形＋其他”或“主语＋wasn’t／weren’t＋其他”。【举例】 The girl didn’t play computer games yesterday afternoon.这个女孩昨天下午没玩电子游戏。
Old Henry wasn’t happy last Friday.上星期五老亨利不高兴。⑶ 一般疑问句“Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？” 肯定回答为“Yes，主语＋did”，否定回答为“No，主语＋didn’t”或者“Was／Were＋主语＋其他？” 肯定回答为“Yes，主语＋was／were”，否定回答为“No，主语＋wasn’t／weren’t”。
【举例】— Did you go to the beach? 你们去海滩了吗？
— Yes, we did.／No, we didn’t.是的，我们去了。／不，我们没有。— Was your weekend OK? 你的周末过得还行吧？
— Yes, it was.／No, it wasn’t.是的，还行。／不，不行。⑷ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋一般疑问句（顺序）？
【举例】— What did Li Lei do last weekend? 李雷上周末干什么了？ — He visited his grandparents.他去看了他的祖父母。— Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪儿？ — I was at home.我在家里。
为了便于记忆行为动词（实义动词）的一般过去时用法及结构，我们可用以下歌诀来帮助记忆：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事。
谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志。否定形式很简单，主语之后didn’t添。谓语动词要还原。疑问构成有规则，主语前面加did。
过去式的构成
be动词和实义动词过去式的构成： ⑴ 系动词be 的过去式有两种形式：was 和were。其中was 是am和is的过去式，were 是are的过去式。⑵ 规则动词过去式的构成：
①一般在动词末尾加—ed。【举例】walk→walked play→played ②以不发音e结尾的动词末尾只加—d。【举例】love→loved decide→decided ③结尾是“辅音字母＋y ”的动词。先将y 变为i，再加—ed。【举例】study→studied carry→carried ④末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写该辅音字母，再加—ed。【举例】stop→stopped plan→planned
规则动词的过去式构成方法可用以下口诀来记忆：
过去式构成有规律，一般词尾加—ed 如果词尾有个e（不发音的），只需直接加上—d。“辅音字母＋y ”在词尾，变y为i加—ed。“一辅重闭”作尾巴，双写之后加—ed。
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一般现在时的用法与结构
1、一般现在时的定义及构成
一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。(1)be(am,is,are)动词：(作谓语动词时)肯定句:主语+be动词(am,is,are)+其它。如： ①I am a student.(主语+be动词+名词)②They are hungry.（主语+be动词+形容词）③He is out.(主语+be动词+副词)④That pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词)⑤I am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词)⑥The bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语)运用am,is,are写三个句子 否定句：主语+ be(am,is,are)+ not +其它。
如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。运用am,is,are写三个句子 一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语+其它。
如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./ No, I'm not.运用am,is,are写三个句子 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。
如：Where is my bike? 运用am,is,are写三个句子 特殊疑问句：
疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour,）,找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词或者助动词（特殊疑问句:疑问词+be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词或者助动词+其他?）(2)行为动词：主语+行为动词+（其它）。
（作谓语动词时)1)主语不是
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② Can I help you? What can I do for you? 在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month„), once a week, on Sundays „„
例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.一、写出下列动词的
第二篇：一般过去时的用法与结构
一般现在时的用法与结构
1、一般现在时的定义及构成
一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。(1)be(am,is,are)动词：(作谓语动词时)肯定句:主语+be动词(am,is,are)+其它。如： ①I am a student.(主语+be动词+名词)②They are hungry.（主语+be动词+形容词）
③He is out.(主语+be动词+副词)④That pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词)⑤I am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词)⑥The bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语)运用am,is,are写三个句子
否定句：主语+ be(am,is,are)+ not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。运用am,is,are写三个句子
一般疑问句：Be(am,is,are)+主语+其它。如：-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./ No, I'm not.运用am,is,are写三个句子
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Where is my bike? 运用am,is,are写三个句子 特殊疑问句：疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour,）,找句子中有没有be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词或者助动词
（特殊疑问句:疑问词+be动词（is, am或者are）或情态动词或者助动词+其他?）(2)行为动词：主语+行为动词+（其它）。（作谓语动词时)1)主语不是第三人称单数时，肯定句为：主语+动词原形+其它 否定式为：主语+don't+动词原形+其它 疑问句为：Do+主语+动词原形+其它？ e.g.①We speak Chinese.②Do you speak Chinese?---Yes, I do./ No, I don't.③They don't speak Chinese.写三个句子
2)当主语是第三人称单数时：(he,she,it,A/An,单独的人或事物:Lily/book)肯定句为:主语+动词（词尾加s或es）+其它。否定式为：主语+doesn't+动词原形+其它.疑问句式：Does+主语+动词原形+其它？ ①He speaks English.②He doesn't speaks English.③-Does she go to work by bike? Yes, she does./ No, she doesn't.写三个句子
特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：How does your father go to work? 3)动词+s的变化规则(1)一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks(2)以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies(3)情态动词（作谓语动词时)(can,could,be able to,may,might,must,have to,need,shall,should,will,would)时，句子结构为：肯定句：主语+情态动词+动词原形。
否定句：主语+情态动词+not+动词原形 一般疑问句;情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？
特殊疑问句：疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ Eg: ① He can speak English.② Can I help you? What can I do for you? 在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays ……
例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数
talk______forget______hope______stop______perform______play______say buy______worry______fly______study_______like_______make______take__ love_______recite_______become_______come_______drive_______
二、句型转换
1.The children have a good time in the park.否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________________
对划线部分提问：____________________________________
2.There is about nine hundred people at the concert.否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________________
对划线部分提问：____________________________________
3.Ann does her homework yesterday evening.否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________________
对划线部分提问：____________________________________
4.I read an English book.否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________________
肯定/否定回答：____________________________________
对划线部分提问：____________________________________
5.My brother is in the park just now.否定句：__________________________________________
一般疑问句：________________________________________
对划线部分提问：____________________________________ 一般现在时第三人称单数句型转换练习
1.I go to school before 7:00 in the morning.(he)__________________________________________________________ 2.I always go shopping with my mum on Sunday.(she)__________________________________________________________ 3.I sometimes play computer games after school on Sunday.(he)__________________________________________________________ 4.I always take exercise after class on Monday.(my mother)
第三篇：一般过去时用法讲解
一般过去时用法讲解
1、概述
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间连用，yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago等。也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often, always等表示频度的时间状语连用。
I got up at 6:30 yesterday.我昨天6:30起床。
He always went to work by bus last year.去年他总是坐公交车上班。
2、一般过去时的构成
一般过去时由规则动词（-ed/-d）或不规则动词的过去时表示，除be外，其余动词没有人称和数的变化。各种动词的否定结构和一般疑问结构，与一般现在时的否定结构和疑问结构相同。
3.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn’t）⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t）⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
4．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
否定句：didn’t +动词原形，如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑问词当主语时：疑问词+动词过去式？如：Who went to home yesterday?
5.规则动词过去式变化规则
1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：play-played, cook-cooked 2．结尾是e加d，如：like-liked
love-loved 3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4．以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加-ed，如：study-studied
6、一般过去时的用法
（1）表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态
常有明确的时间状语，如yesterday，last night, some years ago，in1890等，以及由when等引导的时间状语从句。
Tom didn't come to class yesterday.汤姆昨天没来上课。We went to dance last night.昨晚我们去跳舞了。
-Hello!I didn’t know you were in London.How long have you been here? 喂!我不知道你在伦敦。你来多久了？
（2）表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作
常与often，usually，seldom等表示频度的副词连用。
When I was in the countryside, I often called on my old friends there.我在乡村里，经常去拜访那里的朋友。I went to the cinema once a week when I was at school.我上学时每周去看一场电影。注意：表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，还可用used to 或would加动词原形表示。
When I stayed at Aunt Liu's ,she would tell me about the great changes which had taken place in the village since liberation.当我住在刘大娘家时，她常常告诉我解放以来农村发生的巨大变化。
She used to go for a walk after supper, but now she prefers to stay at home.她过去晚饭后总出去散步，但现在她却喜欢呆在家里。
一般过去时练习题
一、单项选择： 从下列各题后所给的四个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(10)()1． My father＿＿＿＿＿＿ill yesterday． A． isn't B． aren't C． wasn't D． weren't()2． ＿＿＿＿＿＿your parents at home last week﹖ A． Is B． Was C． Are D． Were()3． The twins＿＿＿＿＿＿in Dalian last year． They＿＿＿＿＿＿here now． A． are;were B． were;are C． was;are D． were;was()4． ＿＿＿＿＿＿your father at work the day＿＿＿＿＿yesterday(前天）﹖ A． Was;before B． Is;before C． Was;after D． Is;after()5． —Who was on duty last Friday﹖ —＿＿＿＿＿＿． A． I am B． I was C． Yes, I was D． No, I wasn't
11.He has ________ to tell us.A.something else B.anything else C.else something D.else anything 12.-Were there any seals in the zoo?-________.A.Yes, there weren't B.No, there weren't C.Yes, there was D.No, there were 13.Jack likes Chinese, ________ he doesn't like maths.A.but B.or C.so D.and 14.He was not at home ________.A.last night B.tomorrow C.now D.today
15.Would you please________ this box to the next room? A.take B.bring C.put D.get 16.-Let's play computer games.-________.A.It doesn't matter B.No, I don't C.That sounds really boring D.It's nothing
17.The manager gave the staff(职员)a day ________.A.away B.off C.far D.of 18.It rained ________ last Sunday.They had to stay at home.A.all the day B.all days C.the all day D.all day
19.I ________ pizza for lunch.It was terrible.A.had B.watched C.bought D.saw 20.-What do you want to be ________?-An English teacher.A.in the future B.on the future C.in future D.at the future
二、请用正确动词形式填空。(10)1.I _________(have)an exciting party last weekend.2._________ she _________(practice)her guitar yesterday? No, she _________.3.What ________ Tom ________(do)on Saturday evening? He ________(watch)TV and __________(read)an interesting book.4.They all _________(go)to the mountains yesterday morning.5.She _________(not visit)her aunt last weekend.She ________(stay)at home and _________(do)some cleaning.四、改写句子
26.I went to Hefei yesterday.(改为一般疑问句)________ you ______to Hefei yesterday? 27.The weather was very bad.(改为否定句)The weather ________ ________ very bad.28.The girls had a good time on the school trip.(改为同义句)The girls ______ ______ on the school trip.29.The science teacher cleaned the bus yesterday afternoon.(对划线部分提问)________ ________the science teacher ________ yesterday afternoon? 30.Tina got Jack Dean's autograph.(对划线部分提问)________ autograph ______Tina ________?
五、改错题(20)
1．How is Jane yesterday? _____________________
2．He go to school by bus last week.____________________________
3．He often goes home at 6:00 last month.____________________________ 4．I can fly kites seven years ago.______________________________ 5．Did you saw him just now.____________________________________
六、完形填空(10)
Tom did not like doing his homework，because he liked to do some 1 things after school．And his teacher always 2 a lot of mistakes in his homework． Then one day，his maths teacher 3 at Tom’s homework and saw that he got all his answers right．He was very 4 and surprised（惊奇）．The next morning before class，he called Tom 5 his desk and 6 to him，“You got all your homework right this time．Did your father help you？”Sometimes Tom’s father helped him with his homework，7 this time he didn’t help Tom because he 8 at home．So Tom answered，“NO，Sir．He Was busy last night，so I 9 to do it 10 ．”
（）1．A．others B．another C．the other D．other（）2．A．made B．found C．looked at D．looked（）3．A．laughed B．knocked C．looked D．saw（）4．A．please B．pleased C．pleasure D．sad（）5．A．to B．for C．in D．at
（）6．A．talked B．asked C．spoke D．said（）7．A．and B．but C．so D．or
（）8．A．isn’t B．won’t be C．wasn’t D．can’t be（）9．A．wanted B．mustn’t C．liked D．had（）10．A．itself B．of them C．myself D．himself
答案：
一、单项选择：1---5 CDBAB 11-15ABAAA 16-20CBDAA
二、1.had 2.Did;practice;didn't 3.did;do;watched;read 4.went
四、26.Did, go 27.was not 28.enjoyed themselves 29.What did, do 30.Whose, did, get
五、1.is------was 2.go-------went 3.goes------went 4.can-------could 5.saw------see
六、1----5 DBCBA 6------10 DBCDC
第四篇：一般过去时的用法
一般过去时的用法
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。谓语动词要用动词的过去式，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday昨天，last night昨晚，last week上周，last year去年等。
一．一般过去时的结构（可分两类不同的结构）1.Be 动词的一般过去时
在没有实义动词的句子中使用be动词，am/is的过去式为 was;are 的过去式were。
肯定句式：主语+be(was/were)+其他.否定句式：主语 +be(was/were)+not +其他.一般疑问句：Be(was/ were)+ 主语 +其他。2.实义动词的一般过去时态
肯定句要使用动词的过去式，否定句和疑问句要使用助动词do/does 的过去式did.肯定句式：主语+动词（过去式）+其他。
否定句式：主语+ didn’t +动词（原形）+其他（did not= didn’t)一般疑问句：Did +主语+动词（原形）+ 其他（do, does 的过去式均为did)? 注：1.did 和didn’t 是构成一般过去时的助动词，其特点是要在其后跟动词 的原形。
2.实义动词do的一般过去时，例： Jim went home yesterday.----Jim didn’t go home yesterday.(否定句）
----Did Jim go home yesterday?(一般疑问句)----What did Jim do yesterday?(特殊疑问句）
二．一般过去时的判断标志词：yesterday,the day before yesterday,last+时间，this morning,时间+ago,just now,a moment ago,in+过去的时间
注意：一般过去时表示过去经常或反复发生的动作，常和often经常，always，总是，once a week一周一次，等表示频度的时间状语连用
动词过去式变化规则：
1.一般在动词末尾加ed,如：pull--pulled, cook--cooked, play--played 2.结尾是e加d,如: taste--tasted, live--lived, use--used 3.末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ed,如:stop--stopped, plan--planned 4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i,再加ed,如:study--studied 5.不规则动词过去式：（见课后）
过去时练习
一．选择
（）1.What___________they____________dinner yesterday? A.do;have for B.did;had for;C.Leaved D.was leaving()2.Could you tell me what time_____________the plane? A.left B.leaves C.leaved D.left()3.One of us ____________band last month.A.leaves B.leave C.leaved D.left()4.Where ____________ your mother born? A.are B.was C.were D.is()5.Do you know why he___________for class last year? A.was always late B.always was late C.is late always D.is always late()6.I got up____________this morning.So I _________ breakfast and went to school.A.late, didn’t have B.Early, didn’t have C.late, hadn’t D.early, hadn’t()7.It___________ much cold today than it ___________ yesterday.A.is, is B.was, was C.is, was D.was, is()8.He didn’t come__________ goodbye to us and ________ away.A.say,go B.say, went C.to say, went D.to say, go()9.Her pen was broken.She ________ to________ a new one.A.wants, buys B.wanted, bought C.wants,bought D.wanted;buy()10.I thought the dress _________ really pretty.A.is B.was C./ D.were()11.I____________tired now, but it__________ an exciting day.A.am, was B.was,was C.was,is D.am,is()12.He said he_________ go to cook dinner for us.A.will B.would C./ D.doesn’t()13.I stayed in the sitting room and _________ my friends all the time.A.talk to B.talked C.talk about D.talked to()14.She also______her______in a 1990s style.A.weared;hair B.wore;hair C.wear;hair D.wears;hairs()15.I went to see you last Saturday,________there______nobody in the room.A.but;was B.and;were C.and;was D.but;is
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.He put the books away and__________(go)home.2.The boy is running and__________(tie)his shoes on the playground.3.My father__________(buy)a new computer for__________(I)yesterday.4.He often__________(go)to school by bike,but last year he often____(walk)to school.5.After she finished __________（pack）everything,she__________(go)to school.6.----Who______(wash)the plates on the table?----Jenny did.7.----When______you____(see)the film“Titanic”? 8.It’s half past eleven now.Jim____(have)lunch.He usually____(have)it at this time.9.She________(write)to Jill last month.She________(write)to him next time.10.The students______(stop)talking when their teacher came up.三、句型转换
1.The children had a good time in the park.否定句：____________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________________________________ 对划线部分提问：_______________________________________________ 2.There were about nine hundred people at the concert.(音乐会）对划线部分提问：_______________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________________________________ 否定句：____________________________________________ 3.There was only one problem.否定句：____________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________________________________ 肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________ 4.Ann did her homework yesterday evening.否定句：____________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________________________________ 对划线部分提问：_______________________________________________ 5.Last week I read an English book.否定句：____________________________________________ 一般疑问句：_______________________________________________ 肯定/否定回答：_______________________________________________ 对划线部分提问：_______________________________________________
四、写出下列动词的三单现、过去式和现在分词
go__________ __________ __________ enjoy__________ __________ _________ Buy_________ _________ __________ eat__________ __________ __________ get_________ _________ __________ walk_________ __________ __________ take_________ _________ _________dance__________ __________ __________ write_________ _________ _________run_________ __________ __________ swim__________ __________ _________find_________ __________ _________ Begin_________ _________ _________eat_________ _________ ___________ 五．按要求变换句型
1.Father bought me a new bike.Father bought_________ __________ _________ __________ me.2.Frank read an interesting book about history.__________ Frank ___________ an interesting book about history? 3.He’s cleaning his rooms._____________ he ________________ ? 4.Why not go out for a walk? ___________ ___________ ___________ ____________ out for a walk? 5.Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book.Thomas ___________ ___________ RMB 10 on this book.6.My family went to the beach last week.____________ ____________ ____________ family _________ last week? 7.I didn’t have any friends.____________ ___________ have ____________ friends? 8.I think she is Lily’s sister.______________________________________________________________ 9.Sally often does some reading in the morning.Sally __________ often __________ some reading in the morning.10.He is a tall boy.__________ __________ he ___________ __________? 六．翻译下列句子
1.我过了一个忙碌却又刺激的周末。
___________ __________ _________ __________ exciting weekend.2.Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本地理方面的书籍。
Jenny likes __________.She ________ a book _________ ________ last night.3.Emma每天都练习弹吉他。可是昨天他没有练习。他为数学考试作准备了。Emma ___________ the guitar every day.But he __________ __________ yesterday.He _____________ ____________ the math test.4.上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。
What____________ they __________ ____________Saturday? They _________ _________ homework and _________ _________ __________.5.今天早上芳芳得做饭。因为他父亲不在家。
This morning Fangfang _________ _________ __________ __________ because his father ___________ _____________ ____________.6.你还有什么要说的？
What __________ would you like ___________ __________? 7.放学别忘了向老师说声再见。
Don’t forget _________ _________ _________ __________ the teacher.8.为什么你昨晚没有看电视？
Why _____________ you ___________ TV last night? 9.他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。When he ____________ the classroom.,he __________ a watch on the ground.10.他什么时候出生的？1980年。
----When ___________ he ___________?----_________ 1980.
第五篇：一般过去时,现在完成时,过去完成时的用法及区别
① 一般过去时的基本用法
a)表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与过去时间连用.a moment ago(刚才)，yesterday morning，last night/ week，the day before yesterday(前天)，just now(刚才)等。
He suddenly fell ill yesterday.昨天他突然生病了。
b)表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态。
I wrote home once a week at college.我上大学时每周给家里写一封信.c)表示过去连续发生的一系列动作。
She entered the room, picked up a magazine and looked through it carefully.她走进房间，拿起一本杂志，认真地翻阅了起来。
d)在时间、条件状语从句中用一般过去时代替过去将来时.We would not leave until the teacher came back.老师回来我们才会离开。
②一般过去时的特殊用法
a)在虚拟语气中表示现在或将来时间的动作或状态。
I wish I were twenty years younger.但愿我年轻20岁。
b)在口语中，一般过去时往往显示委婉客气
Might I come and see you tonight?
我想今晚来看你，好吗？
现在完成时的用法:
1)表示过去发生或已完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调的是这个影响或结果，一般不与过去时间连用，常同already, just, yet等状语连用
例：I have just turned off the light.我刚刚把灯关上。（结果是灯已经关上了）She has lost her bike.她把自行车丢了。（影响是他现在没有自行车骑了）
2)表示开始于过去、持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能继续下去（也可能不继续下去），常同包括现在在内的时间状语连，也同“for+时间段”或“since＋时间点”的状语连用She has taught in the school for ten years.她在这所学校教书已经10年了。
I haven’t eaten anything since breakfast.我从早饭起就一直没有吃东西。
3)表示从过去某一时间到说话时这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次动作的总和，常同频度副词always, often, seldom, never等连用
I have been to the Great Wall twice.我曾经去过长城两次
过去完成时用法：
1.表示过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作或存在的状态。表示的是“过去的过去，常用的时间状语有：”by + 过去的时间点、by the end of + 过去的时间点、before + 过去的时间点。
Most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.当他到达晚会时，他发现大多数客人已经离开了。
2.过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去，常与for，since等词连用。例如：
When Jack arrived, he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour.当杰克到时，他得知玛丽已经离开快一个小时了。
4.某些动词的过去完成时表示过去未实现的希望、计划或打算。常用的动词有hope，expect，suppose，think，want，wish等。例如：
They had hoped to be able to arrive before ten.他们本来打算能在10点之前到达达一、一般过去时与现在完成时的用法比较。
1.“一般过去时”所关心的是过去之事,与现在无联系，常带有表示过去某个时间的状语；现在完成时所关心的是过去发生的事，对现在产生某种结果，强调过去与现在的联系。一般不与过去具体时间连用。当需要指明过去一个特定的时刻发生的事情时，需要使用一般过去式。
Ａ.I ________(lose)my pen.Can you lend me yours?
Ｂ.Why don't you buy one?
Ａ.It _______(fall)into the river only a moment ago when I washed my hands.Now I've got to fill in a form with a pen.2.现在完成时与for或since引起的短语连用时，表达从过去开始的动作或状态延续至今，而一般过去时与“for＋一段时间”连用时，只指过去的动作或状态在过去延续了多长时间。
We___________(stay)here for three weeks.I think we are going to stay another two weeks.（说话时人还在）
He __________(stay)here for three weeks last year.（并不表示现在是否在）
3.一般过去时带有表示过去某时刻的时间状态，如yesterday,last year(month,week,night)，in 1980…
I ______(come)the day before yesterday.4.现在完成时所带时间状语包含说话时在内,如today,this week(month,year),these days(years)或与说话时非常接近，如recently,just,in(during)the past three years。Great changes _______(take)place in the last ten years
5如果一件事情发生在过去并且延续到说话的这个时刻，就需要使用现在完成时。They have lived here for a long time
6一般过去时比现在完成时更能表达事情的结果
John has taught math for twenty years.保留了约翰继续教数学的可能性
John taught math for twenty years.表明约翰已经不再教数学了，他可能退休了，换工作了，或者去世了。
7如果一件事情发生在过去并且延续到说话的这个时刻，就需要使用现在完成时。They have lived here for a long time.他们在这里已经生活了很长一段时间。
二、一般过去式与过去完成时的区别。
1.一般现在时表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去完成时则表示过去某一动作或时间之前发生的动作或存在的状态。一般过去时与现在相比，强调“过去”，而过去完成时则与过去相比，强调“过去的过去”。
我们来比较下列句子：
The meeting _________(start)at six o'clock./ start的动作发生在at six o'clock。The meeting ___________(start)when we arrived at the hall./ start的动作发生在过去的动作arrived之前。
过去完成时与现在完成时的区别
现在完成时表示的动作发生在过去，以现在的时间为基点，但侧重对现在产生的结果或造成的影响，与现在有关。过去完成时则是一个相对的时态，以过去时间为基点，它所表示的动作不仅发生在过去，更强调“过去的过去”，只有和过去某时或某动作相比较时，才用到它。比较：I have learned 1000 English words so far.到目前为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。I had learned 1000 English words till then.到那时为止我已经学会了 1000 个英语单词。
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