第一篇:英语作文常见典型语法错误1
英语作文常见典型语法错误
语言是评判作文的一个极其重要的因素。在实际的阅卷过程中,语法错误,尤其是较为严重的错误,是阅卷人员的主要“照顾点”,有时甚至是惟一的点;当然那样处理是有道理的,大家可以设想一下,一篇语法上漏洞百出、严重影响表达的作文又会有什么样的好内容呢?如果因为语言上的错误而导致失分,那将得不偿失。因此,认清各种各样的语法错误,尽可能地避免少犯,对于提高作文分是有极大的帮助的。
1)We always working till late at night before taking exams.(误)
2)We should read books may be useful to us.(误)
1)This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you.(误)2)The driver of the red car was died on the spot.(误)
1)Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective.(误)2)My sister go to the cinema at least once a week.(误)
1)I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street.(误)
2)We have little time to read some books which we interest.(误)
3)I am a student who has studying in the college for two years.(误)1)It is my point that reading must be selectively.(误)
2)Honest is so important for everyperson.(误)
3)The old man was hit by a car when he across the street.(误)
第二篇:英语作文常见典型语法错误归纳
优化英语写作
在表达方面,初学者常见差错中最为典型的是写汉语式英语,即不符合英语表达习惯的句子。出现汉语式英语的原因往往表现在两个方面,一个是把具有某个汉语释义的英语单词用在英语句子中不恰当的地方,即写错某些词语的意思、搭配或位臵;另一个是按汉语思维的顺序去排列英语句子,自造表达方法。
请看下列例句:
1.During the holiday,I learned to wrap dumplings.2.My grandpa sees the gate for a factory.3.She received the first place in the singing competition.4.Under the teacher's help I worked out the difficult problem.5.In the afternoon,I played table-tennis with Xiao Ming and I always won him.6.The man dresses a black coat.7.The policeman caught the thief's arm.8.I very like English.9.He wastes sleep and forgets meals when he studies.10.Our Chinese teacher bites his words and sentences when he speaks.在以上的句子中,例句1至8属于第一种错误。
其中,第1至4例句是把英语单词的一个汉语释义生硬地放在了英语句子中。
1.汉语中的“包饺子”是指从无到有地把饺子做出来,制做过程是“包”;而英语的wrap是指把现有的东西包起来,只有“包”这个意思,没有制做的意思。所以例句1中的wrap应该改为make.2.例句2中“看门”的“看”是“看守”的意思,并不是一直用眼睛盯着看。所以应该把sees改为keeps或guards.3.例句3中的receive是指“得到”具体的物件,不是抽象的名次。获得什么名次要说成get/take/win the……place.4.例句4是要说“在老师的帮助下,我解出了那道难题”,其实前半句是指“借助于老师的帮助”的意思,应该把under改为with.5.例句5是用错了英语单词的搭配。本句中的won只能用运动项目或活动作宾语,不能是人。要说“赢了某人”应该说成beat sb.。
例句6至8不符合英语的表达习惯。
6.第6句中的dress不能在其后直接跟衣服名称,其常见的结构是“dress sb.in+衣服名称”。所以本句应该改为:The man dresses himself in a black coat.英语中要说“抓住某人的胳膊”,句型应该是catch sb.by the arm.7.例句7应该改为:The policeman caught the thief by the arm.需要注意的其他常用动词结构还有cost sb.sth.,hit sb.in the face等。
8.例句8中very是副词,但习惯上只用来修饰形容词或其他副词,不用来修饰动词。修饰动词要用very much,而且常臵于句末。
汉语句子中某些词语出现在某一位臵,在英语句子中表示同一个意思的词语不一定也在那个位臵上。所以一定要注意英汉句子词序的差别。写错词序也是一种典型的错误。再如要说“我对他很熟悉”,英语应该是I know him very well.而不是I very well know him.通过对以上各个例句的分析,不难看出,要学好用英语表达,必须先学好英语单词的确切含义、词语搭配、习惯用法以及英语句子的词序。其中动词是最主要的。另外,还要特别注意英语的代词和冠词的使用。9.例句9、10犯了第二种错误,这两个句子的黑体部分分别要表达汉语成语“废寝忘食”和“咬文嚼字”。两个句子本来应该是:He forgets to eat and sleep when he studies.和Our Chinese teacher pays too much attention to wording when he speaks.但根据汉语硬套英语,结果不伦不类。
初学写短文时,总是跃跃欲试,想什么就打算写什么,这种积极性是好的。但一定要从现有表达能力的实际出发,尽量不去表达复杂的意思。有时不得不表达复杂些的意思时,在不改变原意的前提下,首先要避难就易,绕道而行之,即把复杂的意思用类似的简单意思表达;其次可以化整为零,分解表达,把复杂的意思用几个简单的句子表达出来。初学写作不要使用自己拿不准的词汇,多使用常见的词语,灵活运用已学过的知识,表达明确的意义,从简单句子入手,不写没把握的句子,少写长句子,尽量避免试图表达比较复杂的思想内容。另外,短文不宜写得过长,要从简从短练起。经常训练病句改错题,模仿范文,写英语日记等,都有助于练习英语短文写作。
语言是评判作文的一个极其重要的因素。在实际的阅卷过程中,语法错误,尤其是较为严重的错误,是阅卷人员的主要“照顾点”,有时甚至是惟一的点;当然那样处理是有道理的,大家可以设想一下,一篇语法上漏洞百出、严重影响表达的作文又会有什么样的好内容呢?如果因为语言上的错误而导致失分,那将得不偿失。因此,认清各种各样的语法错误,尽可能地避免少犯,对于提高作文分是有极大的帮助的。现将我们在阅卷过程中所发现的大量语言错误逐一归类,抽出其中的典型错误,以警示大家,供参考。
1.句子成分残缺不全
We always working till late at night before taking exams。(误)
We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams(正)
We should read books may be useful to us.(误)
We should read books which may be useful to us.(正)
2.句子成分多余
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you.(误)
One test ends, but another is waiting for you.(正)
The driver of the red car was died on the spot.(误)
The driver of the red car died on the spot.(正)
3.主谓不一致
Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective.(误)
Some think that reading should be selective.(正)
My sister go to the cinema at least once a week.(误)
My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week.(正)
4.动词时态、语态的误用
I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street.(误)
I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street.(正)
We have little time to read some books which we interest.(误)
We have little time to read some books in which we are interested.(正)
I am a student who has studying in the college for two years.(误)
I have been studying in the college for two years(正)
5.词类混淆
It is my point that reading must be selectively.(误)
In my opinion, reading must be selective.(正)
Honest is so important for everyperson.(误)
Honesty is so important for everyone.(正)
The old man was hit by a car when he across the street.(误)
The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street.(正)课题组成员:刘晓燕 聂生荣 石浩 刘雪 聂学伊 宋海 吕艳珍 祁泽昊 马金凤 秦亚萍
指导老师:杜数学
第三篇:2018考研英语写作:七大常见语法错误(定稿)
http://www.xiexiebang.com/kaoyan/ 考研英语写作:七大常见语法错误
考研英语写作一直以来都是广大考研考生在考研英语复习中的一大难点,考场上40分钟的写作,时间非常紧张,好多同学在写完之后就置之不理,导致出现一些基本的语法错误,因此影响整篇文章的质量而被扣分。文都网校考研建议大家在写完之后至少要留出两三分钟的时间把文章通读一遍,进行必要的语法修改。今天,我们主要针对常见的考生易犯的英语语法错误,给大家进行写作方面的指导,希望2018考研的同学们都能在写作方便取得理想的成绩。
1.检查谓语动词的时态是否有错。
例 1:
a)We college students had enough time to take a parttime job, no matter how busy we were...b)We college students have enough time to take a parttime job, no matter how busy we are...命题作文一般都是议论文,而写议论文所采用的时态一般都是现在时态。只有在举例或提到过去的事时才会用到过去时态。
例 2:
a)Riding bicycles had more advantages than taking a bus.b)Riding bicycles has more advantages than taking a bus.考生中用过去时写作与他们教材课文体裁(大多为叙述文、说明文)和平时写作练习(大多写个人经历的故事)有关,也与他们过度概括有关,认为所有文章都用过去时。
例 3:
http://www.xiexiebang.com/kaoyan/ a)There are so many countries using English that it had been regarded as an international language.b)There are so many countries using English that it has been regarded as an international language.注意:在论述同一事情,即发生在同一时间里的事时,前后半句或相邻的几句在时态上要保持一致。
2.检查主语和谓语、名词和代词、以及人称是否保持一致。
例 4:
a)The eating habit of Chinese people have changed in the past decade.b)The eating habit of Chinese people has changed in the past decade.注意:不管主语和谓语隔开多远,主语当中还有修饰成分,谓语要和真正的主语在数上保持一致。
例 5:
a)Now fruits and vegetables can be seen everywhere when it is in season.b)Now fruits and vegetables can be seen everywhere when they are in season.例 6:
a)I feel proud to come to our university.b)I feel proud to come to this university.http://www.xiexiebang.com/kaoyan/ 注意:our和主语 I不一致,或把 our改成 my,或改成 this。而这里用 this 较妥。
3.检查修饰语是否放在正确的位置上。
例1:
a)Without television, people can't get information which comes from other parts of the world immediately.b)Without television, people can't immediately get information which comes from other parts of the world.分析:a)句子中,immediately 显然放错了位置。是“得到迅速从各地传来的消息”,还是“迅速得到从各地传来的消息”?意思含糊不清。
例2:
a)At the age of six, my father began to give me English lessons.b)When I was five years old, my father began to give me English lessons.分析:a)句子,At the age of six 放在这个位置上,变成了“我父亲六岁的时候”。改变说法,可以解决这个问题。
例 3:
a)To improve one's writing skill, regular practice is necessary.b)To improve one's writing skill, one must make regular practice.http://www.xiexiebang.com/kaoyan/ 分析:不定式短语的逻辑主语决不是regular practice,为了把逻辑关系表达清楚,要么把不定式短语改成If one wants to improve his writing skill,要么把主句改成one must make regular practice.4.表示相同的意思,检查是否使用了平行语法结构。
例 4:
a)With the computer, one can do shopping, banking and read at home.b)With the computer, one can do shopping, banking and reading at home.分析:can do shopping, banking and read at home, 用语法平行结构来衡量,用动词原形 read是不妥的,为了和 do shopping, do banking 保持结构上平行,接下来的一个内容要用do reading.例 5:
a)Nowadays, people not only eat enough food, but also eat better.b)Nowadays, people not only eat more, but also eat better.用 not only...but also, both...and, whether...or, either...or, as well as, along with等能连接两个成分的连词,前后两个成分在结构上要保持一致。用 eat enough food, eat better不如用 eat more, eat better,都用副词。
5.用代词时,检查指代关系是否清楚。
例1:
a)Sometimes teachers will inform students of the heavy burden theyhave to bear.http://www.xiexiebang.com/kaoyan/ b)Sometimes a teacher will inform students of the heavy burden he has to bear.分析:they 既可指代teachers, 也可指代 students,明显的是指代不清。其实只要把其中一个名词变成单数,用he和 they分别代不同的名词,就清楚了。因为 a teacher也可泛指所有教师。
例2:
a)Someone believes that the teacher's task is to give students knowledge, which may not be true.b)Someone believes that the teacher's task is to give students knowledge, a notion which may not be true.分析:which指代什么不清楚,指 knowledge,还是指前面整个句子?如果指 Someone believes,最好用 a notion或an idea归纳一下整个句子的意思,然后引出从句。
例3:
a)People have been fighting against the influence of TV commercials, but it often proves useless.b)People have been fighting against the influence of TV commercials, but the effort often proves useless.分析:it 指什么?如指influence,则在 it often proves useless 这个句子中显然不通。写作人知道it指人们的努力,但effort 这个词前面没有出现过,就不能用it。
6.相邻的句子,检查是否避免了不必要的结构转变
http://www.xiexiebang.com/kaoyan/ 例4:
a)While we reuce the number of vehicles, the speed of traffic can be increased.b)While the number of vehiles is reduced, the speed of traffic is increased.注意:两个非常相关的意思,不要一个使用主动结构,一个使用被动结构。
7.检查可数名词与不可数名词是否用得正确
例5:
a)TV presents us with many useful informations.b)TV presents us with a lot of useful information.分析:还有evidence, advice, knowledge等都是不可数名词,都不能用复数。另外,many, a great number of, another, few 等只能与可数名词配用。而a great amount of, a great deal of, less, much, 等应与不可数名词配用。
例6:
a)Making our cities greener is not an easy work.b)Making our cities greener is not an easy job.分析:work 用作可数名词是“作品”这类意思,而表示“工作”时,不可数。同样,在 Word has been sent out that those who cheat on exams will be punished.这个句子中,要用单数word表示“信息”。
在限时、紧张的写作中,出现错误,尤其是语言上的错误是不可避免的。如果把这些错误留在那里,不得到改正,就会影响整篇文章的质量。阅卷人虽然不大会按你文章
http://www.xiexiebang.com/kaoyan/ 不好的印象,从而影响文章的分数。因此建议大家在写完之后务必要对自己的写作进行检查,修改基本语法错误。
考研冲刺提分,考研英语、政治可以看看文都名师何凯文、蒋中挺老师的考前点睛班哦,祝同学们备考顺利!
第四篇:第十节 常见的语法错误
第十节常见的语法错误
练习
十一、指出并改正下列各句的语法错误。
1. 时传祥是全国劳动模范,他的好思想、好品德,永远是我们学习的榜样。
2. 我市各单位首批赴北京参观的代表,均由先进生产者组成。
3. 学校办得好不好,取决于学校领导强烈的事业心。
4. 如果采用全自动控制和组合生产,产量和质量提高多少倍啊!
5. 我们要采取有力措施,扩大和加快各类学校发展的规模和速度。
6. 眼看着这动人的场画和丰收的喜讯,怎么不叫人高兴呢?
7. 这个经验值得文教工作者特别是中小学教师的重视。
8. 这幅画不正寓意文艺工作者在浓墨重彩地描绘我们生气勃勃的春天吗?
9. 人们都以亲切的目光倾听着他发言。
10.这些人入党后,从未经过严峻的考验和审查。
11.作家亲身经历了战火的洗礼,与人民大众有较多的接触和了解。
12.蜜蜂酿造一斤蜜,大约要采五十万朵左右的花粉。
13.看了华山抢险英雄事迹的报道,令人十分感动。
14.从这个事实说明,我们的企业管理还存在不少问题。
15.这以后,谢文华已受伤致残,但仍强迫他干重活。
16.观众将拭日以待你的新角色。
17.当民族危急的关头,只有人民才能担当拯救民族危亡的命运。
18.他们游览了我国的佛教圣地灵隐寺和宋代民族英雄岳飞墓。
19.由于采购员能合理使用资金,促使品种不断增加。
20.贵州的回民,大多是清末从云南因杜文秀起义失败后移入的。
21.他“朝为工,夜习画”,说明他对艺术的饥渴与勤奋。
22.高梁和玉米在小苗苗时不大好分辨,起码对城里人来说是这样,待长大以后,一个从旁边长出了绿棒儿,一个在头上长出了红穗儿。
23.他们姐妹俩从小就爱生病,姐姐不是发烧了,就是妹妹咳嗽了。
24.如果我把课不教好,怎么对得起广大同学呢?
25.鲁迅的小说《阿Q正传》对大家是很熟悉的。
26.他们本着保证价廉物美为原则,使用了的工艺和新的操作技术。
27.水的化学成分是一个原子的氧和两个原子的氢化合而成。
28.你现在不好好学习,胡作非为,请想想将后出现怎样的后果是不言而喻的了。
29.一到地里,大家就忙开了,割麦的割麦,捆麦的捆麦,也有的装车。
30.运水来自海边,在那独特的环境里,养成了他素朴的性格,鲁迅初次见到,给他留下了很深的印象,后来在文章中时常说到,是很自然的了。
31.他(卢嘉川)知道敌人如果真正得到了他们的名单,便不会同他这么费劲了,正因为他不知道,所以他说“知道了”。
32.用机器加工文献,每一千字只两角钱,比人工翻译便宜四倍。
二、什么叫紧缩法?什么叫类比法?紧缩法和类比法有什么用?
三、试用紧缩法检查下列句子有没有语法错误;如果有语法错误,试说明是什么性质的错误:
(1)参加研制人造地球卫星的全体工作人员,在各科研院所和各高等院校的支持下,在中国人民
解放军的密切配合下,经过多年的紧张劳动,于1964年9月15日,我国终于成功地发射了 第一颗人造地球卫星。
(2)经济侵略是无形的,然而比军事侵略更凶猛,受害也更深。
四、试用类比法检查下面这个句子有没有语法错误;如果有语法错误,试说明是什么性质的错误:
他们用的是美声唱法演唱的。
第五篇:句子常见语法错误(改错)
1.句子成分残缺不全
We always working till late at night before taking exams.(误)
We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams(正)We should read books may be useful to us.(误)
We should read books which may be useful to us.(正)
2.句子成分多余
This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you.(误)
One test ends, but another is waiting for you.(正)
The driver of the red car was died on the spot.(误)
The driver of the red car died on the spot.(正)
3.主谓不一致
Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective.(误)
Some think that reading should be selective.(正)
My sister go to the cinema at least once a week.(误)
My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week.(正)
4.动词时态、语态的误用
I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street.(误)
I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street.(正)We have little time to read some books which we interest.(误)
We have little time to read some books in which we are interested.(正)
I am a student who has studying in the college for two years.(误)
I have been studying in the college for two years(正)
5.词类混淆
It is my point that reading must be selectively.(误)
In my opinion, reading must be selective.(正)
Honest is so important for everyperson.(误)
Honesty is so important for everyone.(正)
The old man was hit by a car when he across the street.(误)
The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street.(正)