第一篇：大学英语四级写作备考四大步骤
根据我们多年的教学经验，四级写作备考可分为四大步骤：
一、背诵：首先认真研究历年四级写作真题，重点研究2001年6月—2005年12月的11次真题，分析近年来四级写作的出题规律和考试重点，从语言、结构、内容三大层面，认真研读经典写作真题范文：语言方面学习范文中的精彩词汇、词组、句型;结构方面学习范文的框架结构、内在逻辑、关联词、同义替换和代词替换;内容方面学习范文的论点、论据和论证。同时背诵精彩写作范文，要求滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善，扎扎实实提高自
己的写作实力。
二、默写：背诵熟练之后默写下来，仔细对照原文，会发现你默写的文章与原文有一些语法、拼写、标点的区别，这些区别就是你的写作弱点，学习关键在于针锋突破，不要全面出击。这些弱点正是你在考试中扣分的原因所在，把这些弱点意义克服，分数自然就会提高。
三、中译英：首先将写作真题范文译为中文，或参考范文的正确译文，然后进行中译英的工作，根据自己的理解把中文译为英文，最后对照英文原文，你会发现你的译文与原文存在较大的差别，这些差别正是你写作低分的症结所在。同样的一个中文句子，仔细对比一下你使用了哪些词汇、词组和句型，原文使用了哪些，这样你的写作水平才会逐渐提高。
四、写作：进行完上述工作之后，在考前必须进行写作的工作，只有动笔写作，才会发现自己的问题。可以写5—10篇真题或模拟题，模仿自己曾经背诵过的精彩词汇、词组、句型、框架和范文，写出一篇新的文章。最初不要求速度，但考前一定要进行模考，半小时写出一篇120-150词的文章。写完之后仔细修改其中的语言错误，将其改的更加精彩。
英语写作基础不太好的四级考生，必须按照上述步骤严格进行;基础较好的考生学习顺序正好相反，首先写作，直接写作四级真题;其次中译英，在研读原文之前，进行中译英的工作，译完对比，找出差距;然后背诵;最后默写。同时可以准备自己的写作框架，应用文和
论说文分别形成固定的写法，积累精彩句型。
针对2006年6月的四级考试，建议大家论说文重点准备关于大学校园生活的话题，如学习、生活、社会工作、兼职打工等;应用文重点准备咨询信、投诉信、介绍信、请求信、建议信、道歉信、邀请信等私人和公务信函，以及开幕词、祝酒辞等致辞的写法。
多读、多写、多改，写作高分不是梦!
第二篇：大学英语四级写作备考四大步骤
大学英语四级写作备考四大步骤
2007-06-02 来源：新浪教育
根据我们多年的教学经验，四级写作备考可分为四大步骤：
一、背诵：首先认真研究历年四级写作真题，重点研究2001年6月—2005年12月的11次真题，分析近年来四级写作的出题规律和考试重点，从语言、结构、内容三大层面，认真研读经典写作真题范文：语言方面学习范文中的精彩词汇、词组、句型；结构方面学习范文的框架结构、内在逻辑、关联词、同义替换和代词替换；内容方面学习范文的论点、论据和论证。同时背诵精彩写作范文，要求滚瓜烂熟、脱口而出、多多益善，扎扎实实提高自己的写作实力。
二、默写：背诵熟练之后默写下来，仔细对照原文，会发现你默写的文章与原文有一些语法、拼写、标点的区别，这些区别就是你的写作弱点，学习关键在于针锋突破，不要全面出击。这些弱点正是你在考试中扣分的原因所在，把这些弱点意义克服，分数自然就会提高。
三、中译英：首先将写作真题范文译为中文，或参考范文的正确译文，然后进行中译英的工作，根据自己的理解把中文译为英文，最后对照英文原文，你会发现你的译文与原文存在较大的差别，这些差别正是你写作低分的症结所在。同样的一个中文句子，仔细对比一下你使用了哪些词汇、词组和句型，原文使用了哪些，这样你的写作水平才会逐渐提高。
四、写作：进行完上述工作之后，在考前必须进行写作的工作，只有动笔写作，才会发现自己的问题。可以写5—10 篇真题或模拟题，模仿自己曾经背诵过的精彩词汇、词组、句型、框架和范文，写出一篇新的文章。最初不要求速度，但考前一定要进行模考，半小时写出一篇 120－150词的文章。写完之后仔细修改其中的语言错误，将其改的更加精彩。
英语写作基础不太好的四级考生，必须按照上述步骤严格进行；基础较好的考生学习顺序正好相反，首先写作，直接写作四级真题；其次中译英，在研读原文之前，进行中译英的
工作，译完对比，找出差距；然后背诵；最后默写。同时可以准备自己的写作框架，应用文和论说文分别形成固定的写法，积累精彩句型。
针对2006年6月的四级考试，建议大家论说文重点准备关于大学校园生活的话题，如学习、生活、社会工作、兼职打工等；应用文重点准备咨询信、投诉信、介绍信、请求信、建议信、道歉信、邀请信等私人和公务信函，以及开幕词、祝酒辞等致辞的写法。
多读、多写、多改，写作高分不是梦！
英语写作十大功能句型
2007-09-17 作者：张一楠
考研写作部分30分，占到考研英语考试总分值的1/3，重要性不言而喻。同时，写作部分也是最容易提高的部分，“天天背句型”可以起到非常显著的效果，这一实践在去年的考研VIP班里起到极其明显的效果，此班里的同学多为艺术考生，英语基础比较薄弱，但是通过一段时间的“背诵”和“仿写”，写英语句子的水平有了极大提高。
今天与大家分享第一种功能句型——文章开头句型。
1、“如今，人们普遍认为...,但是我怀疑...。”
Nowadays，it is generally/commonly believed that..., but I wonder that...2、“如同硬币的正反面，...也有积极的一面和消极的一面。”
Like a coin has two sides, there is a positive aspect and a negative aspect to...3、“近来，...的问题已经成为人们注目的焦点。”
Currently, the issue of...has been brought to public attention.4、“随着...的快速增长，...在日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。”
Along with the rapid growth of...,...has become increasingly important in our daily life.5、“由汽车引起的空气和噪音污染对我们的健康造成了危害。”
Air pollution and noise pollution caused by automobiles do harm to our health.第二种考研写作功能句型——文章结尾句型
1、“因此，不难得出结论...”
Accordingly/Consequently/As a result,it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that...2、“综上所述，我们能得出如下结论...”
From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that...3、“这一难题，是任何人都不可能避免的。但只要处理得当，我们就会...”
The dilemma is something no one can avoid.Properly handled, however, we will...4、“总之，全社会都应该密切关注...,只有这样我们才能...”
All in all, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of....Only in this way can we....5、“考虑到所有的因素，我们意识到...”
Taking into account all of these factors, we have reached the realization that...四六级作文可引用的36句谚语格言
2007-09-18 来源：中青网
1.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
2.God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者。
3.Easier said than done.说起来容易做起来难。
4.Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。
5.One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，谬之千里。
6.Slow and steady wins the race.稳扎稳打无往而不胜。
7.A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。
8.Experience is the mother of wisdom.实践出真知。
9.All work and no play makes jack a dull boy.只工作不休息，聪明孩子也变傻。
10.Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance.无德之美犹如没有香味的玫瑰，徒有其表。
11.More hasty,less speed.欲速则不达。
12.It's never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。
13.All that glitters is not gold.闪光的未必都是金子。
14.A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之行始于足下。
15.Look before you leap.三思而后行。
16.Rome was not built in a day.伟业非一日之功。
17.Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。
18.well begun,half done.好的开始等于成功的一半。
19.It is hard to please all.众口难调。
20.Out of sight,out of mind.眼不见，心不念。
21.Facts speak plainer than words.事实胜于雄辩。
22.Call back white and white back.颠倒黑白。
23.First things first.凡事有轻重缓急。
24.Ill news travels fast.坏事传千里。
25.A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
26.live not to eat,but eat to live.活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭为了活着。
27.Action speaks louder than words.行动胜过语言。
28.East or west,home is the best.金窝银窝不如自家草窝。
29.It's not the gay coat that makes the gentleman.君子在德不在衣。
30.Beauty will buy no beef.漂亮不能当饭吃。
31.Like and like make good friends.趣味相投。
32.The older, the wiser.姜是老的辣。
33.Do as Romans do in Rome.入乡随俗。
34.An idle youth,a needy age.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
35.AS the tree,so the fruit.种瓜得瓜，to better live.活着为了学习，学习为了更好的活着。
大学英语四级写作九类精彩句型
一、比较
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that„„
4.It is reasonable to maintain that „„but it would be foolish to claim that„„
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.A bears some resemblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10.A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think „„, but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A „„ , but the chief faults（obvious defects）are „„
二、原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to（lead to）（account for）the phenomenon
（problem）.2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that„„
4.The factors that contribute to this situation include„„
5.The change in „„largely results from the fact that„„
6.We may blame „„,but the real causes are„„
7.Part of the explanations for it is that „„
One of the most common factors（causes）is that „„
Another contributing factor（cause）is „„
Perhaps the primary factor is that „
But the fundamental cause is that „„
三、后果
1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is „„
3.It will exercise a profound influence upon„„
4.Its consequence can be so great that„„
四、批驳
1）It is true that „„, but one vital point is being left out.2）There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3）Some people say „„, but it does not hold water.4）Many of us have been under the illusion that„„
5）A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6）It makes no sense to argue for „„
7）Too much stress placed on „„ may lead to „„
8）Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that „„
9）Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that „„
五、举例
1）A good case in point is „„
2）As an illustration, we may take „„
3）Such examples might be given easily.4）„„is often cited as an example.六、证明
1）No one can deny the fact that „„
2）The idea is hardly supported by facts.3）Unfortunately, none of the available data shows „„
4）Recent studies indicate that „„
5）There is sufficient evidence to show that „„
6）According to statistics proved by „„, it can be seen that „„
七、开篇
1）Many nations have been faced with the problem of „„
2）Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3）Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4）Recently the issue has aroused great concern among „„
5）Nowadays there is a growing concern over „„
6）Never in our history has the idea that „„ been so popular.7）Faced with „„, quite a few people argue that „„
8）According to a recent survey, „„
9）With the rapid development of „„, „„
八、结尾
1）From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that „„
2）It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop „„
3）It is necessary that steps should be taken to „„
4）In conclusion, it is imperative that „„
5）There is no easy method, but „„might be of some help.6）To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must „„
7）In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.8）With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.9）We might do more than identify the cause;it is important to take actions to „„
10）Taking all these into account, we „„
11）Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear„„
九、1）With the deepening of Chinese reform and opening up
2）When it comes to„„，some people think ／believe„„that„„，others argue ／claim that opposite ／reverse is true.There is probably„„some truth in both arguments／statements，but„„当说到„„，有些人认为„„，但另一些人则持相反的观点„„。这两种观点可能都有点道理，但„„。
四级写作终极归纳之基础篇
2007-09-27 作者：刘一博
大学英语四级考试自1987年开始至今已走过了18个年头，而写作作为必考项目在这18年中无论是命题思路还是写作方法、写作技巧都几乎没有大的改动。从最近公布的新四级考试大纲和样题中我们也不难看到，这种稳定性在新四级考试中仍将得到进一步延续。结
合多年来对四级写作的研究和一些丰富的教学经验，笔者认为非常有必要将一些四级写作知识和技巧进行总结，因为这不仅仅对现行四级的考生，而且对即将参加新四级考试的学生都有指导和借鉴意义。
四级写作的特点与要求
孙子云：“知己知彼，百战不殆”。想在写作考试中获得成功，就必须首先了解四级考试的要求和评分规则。由于新四级考试还没有开始进行，笔者就以一篇根据现行四级写作题目“Do‘Lucky Numbers’Really Bring Good Luck?”写成的学生作文为例来讲述几个最基本的道理。
例文1：
Some people think that certian(拼写错误)numbers will bring good luck to them.Numbers such as six, eight, sixteen and eighteen are regarded as lucky numbers.There are also people who think that their success is related to certain numbers.However, some other people think numbers have nothing to do with their luck.They believe in their own rather than“lucky numbers”.They don't do things according to certain numbers.As far as I am concerned, I think it is a person's own business whether he believes in a certain number or not.The most important thing is that he has done the work by himself and has done it quite well.As to the belief in numbers, it is their(前后指代不一致，应改为his)personal choice.该文章是当年四级考试命题组印发给全国评卷老师的一篇例文，根据15分制的评分标准，这篇例文被评为14分，供全国评卷老师作为评分参考。乍看起来，本文无论从遣词造句还是思想深度，似乎都算不得一篇佳作；但它之所以能够被评为14分，还是有其内在深
层次原因的，那就是经常被考生们所忽视的议论文写作常识。简要地讲，可分为以下三个部分：
（一）英文议论文的结构特点
汉语写作对文章结构的要求不是很高，如开头段应该包括什么、论题句应该在什么时候出现、文章的结尾是否必须总结全文等等。而英语写作要求文章结构必须十分严谨，文章各个部分的功能都要十分清晰，开头、中间和结尾都有严格的要求。
简而言之，英语议论文共有三大特点：
1、观点鲜明的开头；
2、紧扣主题的结尾；
3、有主题句并且衔接自然的中间段落。
这三点当中，第1、2点早已为绝大多数中国学生所熟知，因为开头点题和结尾扣题同样也是汉语文章的要求。但在长时间的学习过程中，这样的要求被很多学生以为是“老土”而得不到足够的重视。如果将这种思想带到英语议论文写作当中，直接的后果就是中心分散、观点不明确，加上中国学生普遍英文表达能力不强，这些因素就为整篇文章的失败埋下了隐患。
另外，英语文章和汉语不同的是段落的主题句一定要放在段首，而不能按照中文的写作习惯放在段落的中间或者最后，在英文应试写作中更加如此。正因为没有“主题句”的思想，所以中国学生在写英语文章时经常“想到什么，就写什么”，这在英语议论文中是不能接受的。例如，例文1中每一段的首句都简要地概括出了该段的主要内容，换句话说，每段的内容都是根据首句来展开的，其顺序不能颠倒。
（关于段落的衔接，在后面的内容中将详细介绍。）
(二)中心统一
在中心统一这个问题上，英语议论文和汉语议论文的概念也有所不同。中国人在写议论文时常常遵循“中庸”的原则，其具体的表现就是认为世界上没有任何事情是绝对的。当他们在文章中表扬一件事物或一种现象的时候，总要指出其不足；同样，在批评一件事物或一种现象的同时，也总不忘记指出其也有合理之处。这种做法从道理上来讲并没有什么不妥，但却不符合英语议论文的写作习惯，因为英语作家在写议论文时关注的是自己的辩论技巧和其结果对公众的影响力。换句话说，如果作者告诉大家两面都有道理也就等于说两面都没有道理，因为读者在读了文章之后仍旧不知道作者的看法是什么，以及自己在这种情况下到底该怎么做。
所以，既然四级考试考的是英语文章，大家就应该遵循英文议论文的写作思路和习惯：表示支持则旗帜鲜明地支持；表示反对就彻彻底底地反对，而不能采取“墙头草两边倒”的做法。以上面的例文1为例，如果作者的观点是“幸运数字是既有道理又无道理的”，这种观点就无法让人接受，因为在英语议论文中，这是典型的中心不统一。
四六级英语写作八条经典法则
2007-11-20 来源：新浪网
1.Organize your thoughts before writing: brainstorm、make an outline、etc.下笔前整合思绪：脑力激荡，写出纲要等。
2.Write clearly.Be concise.Avoid wordiness.写作清晰，务必精简，避免赘言。
3.Use good grammar and write complete sentences.使用好的文法，写出完整句子。
4.Write simple sentences.Avoid a fancy style.尝试简单句，避免花俏的句法。
5.Avoid slang、cliche and informal words.避免俚语、陈腔滥调和非正式用字。
6.Avoid use of the first person(i.e.I/me/my)unless necessary to specific piece.除非必要，避免使用第一人称：如“我/我的”。
7.Writing naturally.Read it aloud.Does it sound natural? Does it flow? 自然挥洒，大声朗诵。整篇文章听起来自然吗？通顺吗？
8.Move logically from one idea to the next.Don't skip steps.上下句意要合乎逻辑。别毫无章法乱跳。
四六级写作指导：用简单句表达复杂思想
2007-12-07 来源：新浪网
应试作文的评分标准尽管描述语言不同，但都可以分为内容、组织和语言三个方面，如果是应用文，还要看语域(主要指语言使用是否符合场合)和格式。新四级作文的评分标准也不能脱离以上三大方面：内容按照题目提纲扩展即可；组织除了要注意段与段之间的连贯与衔接之外，还要特别注意考生最容易忽略的句与句之间的逻辑性；最难提高的是语言，即用词的丰富性和句子的复杂性。要拿到新四级写作高分，就必须在语言上有所起色，语言是绕不过去的一个心结，那么语言突破之路，到底在何方呢？答曰：简单句。
这是从广大考生的实际出发给出的回答。因为学了很多年的英语，大部分考生还是能够写出一些东西的，最起码能够写出一些英语的简单句吧。简单句包括S+V(主谓句)，S+V+O(主谓宾)，S+V+O+O(主谓宾宾)，S+V+O+C(主谓宾宾补)，S+V+C(主系表)，复杂一些的句子无不是由这些简单句演变而来的。
用简单句写复杂思想
学了这么多年英语，为什么还不能写出好的句子？原因在于想得太复杂了。我们可以将要表达的汉语思想，全部说成简单的句子，而简单句，在写作时是考生可以掌控的。之后再将简单句加以润色、组合，使之登堂入室，夺取高分。
例如写这句话：大学生刚刚毕业就想立刻找到高薪的工作是不可能的。看到这样的汉语句子，一般我们的反应是要用It is impossible for sb.to do sth..这样的句型，然后想着往里填词：在sb.的位置填上“刚刚毕业的大学生”，在不定式的位置填上“找到高薪的工作”，如下所示：
It is impossible for刚刚毕业的大学生to找到高薪的工作.那么“刚刚毕业的大学生”怎么写？英语里面好像找不到一个表示“刚刚毕业的”形容词放在大学生前面，所以就要用定语从句，写成college students who have just graduated，如果graduated不会写，先写成left；然后怎么写“高薪的”，英语里面也没有这样一个形容词放在jobs的前面，所以用定语从句，写成to find jobs which can give them a lot of money。这样这个句子将写成：It is impossible for college students who have just graduated to find jobs which can give them a lot of money.这样将两个定语从句放在这个句型里面，实在是太容易犯错了。实际上，刚刚毕业的大学生可以写成：newly-graduated students, 而高薪的工作可以写成well-paying jobs, 将这两个短语放进去，成为：It is impossible for newly-graduated students to find well-paying jobs，与上面的定语从句相比会获得更高的分数。不过试问，能写出这两个短语的有几人呢？
我们能不能换一种思路，想得简单点，把上面一句话拆分成为四句：
①每年，都有很多大学生毕业。
②他们都想找到工作。
③这些工作可以给他们很多钱。
④这是不可能的。
我相信这样的句子大部分考生很快就可以写出来：
①Every year, many college students graduate.②They all want to find jobs.③These jobs can give them a lot of money.④This is impossible.第一句话属于五种简单句中的主谓句，第二句是主谓宾，第三句是主谓间宾直宾，第四句是主系表。
下面我们看看能不能润色一下：第一句话我们将熟悉的many改为heaps and heaps of(一批一批的)，这是换词；然后?：from universities；又想到还有独立的学院，再加上and institutes。第一句话变成：Every year, heaps and heaps of college students graduate from universities and institutes.这句话这样一改，便成气候了。
第二句和第三句可以用定语从句连接起来，因为第三句的主语是第二句最后jobs的重复，所以②＋③成为：They all want to find jobs，which can give them a lot of money.再润色，我们发现give可以改为offer，a lot of money可以改为handsome salaries。
利用学过的语法知识我们可以让这个句子更加复杂，给定语从句中加一个插入语：they hope，放在which后面，这样这句话就成为：They all want to find jobs，which they hope can offer them handsome salaries.第四句话也可以和前两句连在一起，这次不采用主从复合句，而采用并列句，因为意思发生转折，故用but连接，而impossible太绝对了，改为hardly possible，于是成为：They all want to find jobs，which they hope can offer them handsome salaries，but this is hardly possible.所以最初的那句话，经过拆解、加工(换词和连句)形成了下面的一组句子：Every year, heaps and heaps of college students graduate from universities and institutes.They all want to find jobs，which they hope can offer them handsome salaries，but this is hardly possible.上文总共32个词，与我们刚才认为很难达到的那个句子It is impossible for newly-graduated students to find well-paying jobs(10个词)相比，气势上毫不逊色，但是哪一种写法更适合广大考生的情况呢？当然是从熟悉的东西着手改造更为可取，像newly-graduated和 well-paying这样的天外来客式的词组需要积累，或者自己有意去搜寻。再强调一下：上面这组句子是我们从简单句变过来的。这说明：简单句这只丑小鸭也可以变成白天鹅！这是对四级考生写作应试方面最大的启示！
笔者坚定地认为，写好四级作文，切勿好高骛远，一下子就想写出来很复杂的句子可能会搞得遍体鳞伤。所以，要从可以掌控的东西出发，即将复杂的汉语思想分解成为简单句，或者说，学会想简单的句子，然后表达成为简单句，进而对之进行再加工，要么换词，要么连句，如此润色，写作可成矣！
简单句写作思路
英文写作的思维就像一个黑洞，似乎深不可测，但如果我们将写作的过程视为一个看不见的汉译英的过程就会简单明了得多。根据笔者的经验，英文写作一般是先想主语，因为主语是一句话的开头；再想谓语，谓语中应该会先写助动词，所以先想用什么时态、语态、情
态；接下来是动词，动词要考虑的是用及物动词还是不及物动词，是系动词还是实义动词。如果是及物动词就要考虑跟宾语，系动词就要考虑跟表语。
系动词跟表语
下面，我们一起来写几句话。
例一： 国际旅游业创造了很多就业机会。
??么？应该是“国际旅游业”，谓语应该是“创造”，还要带一个宾语“就业机会”。这句话的主干应该是：旅游业创造就业机会。对应的简单句句型应该是主谓宾S+V+O。先写主语：International tourism；下面考虑时态，这应该是一个经常反复发生的动作，故用一般现在时，create这个动词应该加s；create是及物动词，所以后面加上 many job opportunities, 写成：International tourism creates many job opportunities.例二：外出工作让母亲们没法照顾好孩子。
这是一个稍微难的句子，先想主语，是“外出工作”，在主语的位置要用动名词，写成Working outside；“让”不能写成let，要用make, 时态用一般现在时，故make要加s；make是及物动词，后跟宾语mothers, “没法照顾好孩子”就成为宾语补足语，构成S+V+O+C的句型，宾语补足语用形容词，写成unable to take good care of their children, 全句成为：Working outside makes women unable to take good care of their children.当然还可以写成：
Working outside makes it impossible for women to take good care of their children.这句话将原句进行了适当变通，使之成为“外出工作让母亲们照顾好孩子成为不可能”，然后活用了it作为形式宾语，将不定式后置。相比之下第一种写法稍显生硬。
第三种写法：Working outside deprives women of the chance to take good care of their children.这句话将原句进行了适当变通，使之成为“外出工作剥夺了母亲们照顾好孩子的机会”，活用了deprive sb.of 这个句型。所以英语写作有很多可能，可选择自己最有把握的句子写出来。
例三：五月到九月份，公司的营业额极不稳定。
这句话在图表写作时可能遇到。五月到九月份可以理解为在五月到九月份，作时间状语，写成between May and September；主语选择“公司的营业额”，将这句话理解为“是极不稳定的”；谓语动词选择系动词be的过去式，为was；“不稳定的”用形容词 erratic, 这句话可以写成主系表结构S+V+C：Between May and September, the turnover of the company was fairly erratic.注意系动词所表示的“是”，经常在汉语思维中隐藏。
结束语：简单句需要同学们好好训练，因为简单句是走向更复杂句子结构的基础，也是新四级考生在临场考试时最能够有把握写好而不犯错的句型。
四六级写作中绝对用得到的词汇及短语（上）
一些a range of;a variety of;a series of;an array of
无数innumerable;countless
许多plenty of;many;much;a great deal of;a lot of;ample
非常多(大)的tremendous
依序列举list in sequence
时间词
过时的outdated;antiquated;outmoded;obsolete;anachronistic
短暂的ephemeral;transitory;transient;short-lived
不合时宜的anachronism
可持久的durable;able to stand wear;last a long time
一再time after time;again and again
初始的preliminary
前述的aforementioned;aforesaid;former
自古到今from ancient times to the present day;down through the ages
年轻人young people;youngster;youth;young adult
老式的old-fashioned;out of date;dated
偶尔from time to time;now and then;once in a while;at times
时常often;frequently;repeatedly
永远的eternal;perpetual;lasting throughout life
重整办事优先顺序reshape priorities
目前so far;by far
一次就可完成的事one-time event
正/反意见(opinion)
骂yell at;reprimand;chide;scold;reprove
支持support;endorse;back up;uphold
谴责condemn;express strong disapproval of
错的mistaken;erroneous;wrong incorrect
错事wrongdoing;had acts;misbehavior
做相反的do the reverse of;do the opposite
归咎blame„on;put the blame on „;„is to blame
瓦解disintegrate;break up;separate into small parts
支持某一方in favor of;on the side of
不会犯错的infallible
意见不和clashes of opinion
一致的unanimous;in complete agreement
不恰当inappropriate;improper;unsuitable;inadequate
批判criticize;blame;find fault with;make judgments of the merits and faults of„
我们想念„we are convinced that„;we are certain that..我愿意I incline to;I am inclined to;I am willing to;I tend to
有用的useful;of use;serviceable;good for;instrumental;productive
有意义的meaningful;fulfilling
他们不愿承认这一点they have always been reluctant to admit this„
在大家同意下by common consent of„
否定deny;withhold;negate
承认admit;acknowledge;confess;concede
于事无补of no help;of no avail;no use
使„受益benefit„;do good to„;is good for„;is of great benefit to„
想法frame of mind;mind set;the way one is thinking
想出come up with
找出come up with;find out
利用use;take advantage of
夸耀brag about;boast about;show off;speak too highly of
照顾take care of;take charge of;attend to;watch over
对„很了解have a deep knowledge of„
对抗权威stand up against authority;resisit boldly the authority
对„有信心have confidence in
四级写作十大必背范文
1、致辞：
Directions: Write a speech on the opening of a conference of no less than 120 words.In your speech, you should：
1、进行自我介绍，2、详细介绍大会内容，3、结束语。
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Beijing!To begin with, I would like to make a brief introduction to myself.I am the president of Motorola(China)Electronics Ltd.The following is my introduction to the conference.First, it is my great honor to be here with all of you and declare open the Conference of International Trade Cooperation.Second, on behalf of our company, I would like to express my heartfelt welcome to all the guests and delegates.Last, I believe our cooperative efforts are sure to be productive.I wish all of you enjoy yourselves during this conference and hope the above information will help you.If you have any question for me, please feel free to ask at any time.Thank you for your attention.2、求职信/求学信：
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter applying for a position of a company.You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese：
1、申请职位，2、简要介绍自己的情况，3、期待回信。
Dear Sir or Madam，I am senior from the Department of Business Administration of Beijing University.I am writing the letter in purpose of applying for admission into your esteemed institution/your recently advertised position for a staff member.I am sure that I am qualified for it.First, enclosed with this letter is my resume, which further details my previous academic qualifications and work experience.Second, not only do my qualifications and experience make me a perfect candidate for it, my cheerful personality is well suited to studying in your prestigious university/working as a staff member.Last, my hobbies include sports and music.Words fail me when I try to express my heartfelt gratitude to the help you rendered me.Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.Yours sincerely, Li Ming
3、邀请信：
Directions: You want to invite some friends to a party.Write an invitation letter to them individually：
1、邀请参加晚会，2、说明举办晚会的原因，3、将安排哪些活动。
Dear Wangcai，I am greatly honored to formally invite you to participate in Mr.Old Fish’s wedding ceremony with Ms.Fujiwora to be held at Beijing Grand Hotel from 8 to 10 p.m.on April 1, 2007.As you are a close friend of us, we would very much like you to attend the celebration and share our joy.The occasion will start at seven o’clock in the evening, with the showing of their wedding ceremony.This will be followed by a dinner party.At around ten, we will hold a small musical soiree, at which a band will perform some works by Bach and Strauss.If you do not have any prior appointment on April 1, we look forward to the pleasure of your company.Yours sincerely, Li Ming
4、个人简历：
Directions: Write of resume of yourself of no less than 120 words.In it, you should：
1、说明姓名、地址、联系方式、求职目标，2、教育背景、工作经历、资历，3、所获奖励、特长，以及个人资料。
RESUME Li Ming P.O.Box 237, Beijing University 5, Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871 Tel: 62768888 Email: liming@163.com
Career Objective: A position with management potential in the banking business specializing in international corporate financing Educational Background:
Sept 2003 to Beijing University July 2007 Major in International Business Management Main courses include English, computer,Business Management, Accounting, International Commercial Law Work Experience: July 2006 to Bank of China June 2007 Internship, Secretary to Deputy Manager of Marketing Draft business correspondence
Schedule deputy manager’s appointments
Qualifications: University graduation certificate and bachelor degree to be conferred upon graduation(2007)College English Test Band 4 June 2005 Honors & Awards: Twice awarded scholarship by Beijing University 2005& 2006 Special Skills: Familiarity with Microsoft Word, Excel Ability to work independently Outstanding Organizational skills Experience: President of Student Union 2003－present Personal Data: Date of Birth: Sep.17, 1984 Gender: Female Marital Status: Unmarried
5、告示：
Directions: The Students’ Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest.Write an announcement which covers the following information：
1、比赛目的、时间、地点，2、参赛者的要求，3、裁判和奖励的细节。
You should write about 120 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use Department of Chinese Language and Literature at the end of the announcement.Chinese Speaking Contest
December 22, 2007
To improve students’ ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-class activities, the Students’ Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese speaking contest to be held on Saturday next week(29 December)at the Students’ Auditorium.Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next week.Five professors will be invited to be judges.The first six winners will be given awards.Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.The Students’ Union
Department of Chinese Language and Literature
6、就业：
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Jobs for Graduates.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：
1、大学生难找工作，2、原因很多，3、解决的办法。
Job hunting has always been a headache for college students.Though many graduates are employed right after graduation, some are not.Most serious of all, some still have no idea where to go working even a long time after graduation.The reasons for this phenomenon are various.On the one hand, a few years ago colleges and universities enrolled so many students in popular majors, such as economy, finance and so on that the number of graduates was greater than the need in the market.On the other hand, most graduates would rather stay in large cities without suitable job to do than go to the country.I reckon this problem can be solved if both colleges and students take measures.First, they should research the market and develop special skills to suit its need.Second, students’ attitude towards employment should be changed.They should go to small cities and country.There they can also give full play to their professional knowledge.In a word, if we pay much attention, the situation can be improved.7、考试：
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Views on Examinations.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：
1、大学都用考试来衡量学生的成绩，2、考生可能带来的副作用，3、我对考试的看法。
In most colleges and universities the examination is used as a chief means of deciding whether a student succeeds or fails in mastering a particular subject.Although it does the job quite efficiently, its side effects are also enormous.To begin with, examinations lower the standards of teaching.Since teachers are often judged by examination results, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques.No subjects can be taught successfully merely through being approached with intent to take examinations.In addition, the most undesirable effect is that examinations encourage bad study habits.As the examination score is the only criterion for his academic performance, a student is driven to memorize mechanically rather than to think creatively.In fact, few of us admit that examinations can contribute anything really important to the students’ academic development.If that is the case, why cannot we make a change and devise something more efficient and reliable than examinations?
8、读后感：
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Favorite Novel.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：
1、我最喜爱的小说，2、该小说的内容，3、我为什么喜爱。
My favorite novel is Around the World in Eighty Days which is written by Jules Verne.The author was born in France and devoted himself to literature and wrote several scientific romances, which gained him the name——Father of Modern Science Fiction.This is a book of science fiction which tells us an exciting story about an English gentleman, Mr.Phileas Fogg, who makes a bet with his clubmates and manages to travel around the world in eighty days.It gives us a vivid description of the many difficulties and incidents which happen on his journey.From this story, we can see the author’s deep love for the sea, travel and adventure, which played a vital role in his life.We are also astonished and convinced by his fertile imagination and scientific and geographical knowledge.9、难忘的人：
Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The most unforgettable Person I ever Know.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the outline below：
1、我生活中最难忘的人是，2、为什么他（或她）令我难以忘怀，3、结论。
In my life I have met a great many people who are really worth recalling.But perhaps the most unforgettable person I ever know is my English teacher.What frequently brings back memories of my school teacher is his special qualities.First and foremost, he gave us the greatest gift a teacher can offer—an awakening
of a passion for learning.He not only led us to an appreciation of the beauty and perfection of English language and literature, but also aroused our great interest in exploring something deeper in this field.Furthermore, I was attracted by his lively wit.I remember that we students always anticipated his class with great eagerness because his lecture were humorously delivered, never failing to provoke chuckles or loud laughs.Although it is nearly two years since I attended his last class, he is the talk of our old classmates, and I know part of him has already stayed in my heart.10、论说文框架：
Owing to the speedy economic development, the number of people who„has considerably increased/declined.It is universally acknowledged that „ plays a crucial role in modern society.Due attention has to be paid to the issue of„.With the reform and opening－up in recent decades，people in mounting numbers have come to realize the significance of „.If we let this situation continue as it is, we do not know where humans will be in the forthcoming future.Accordingly, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures.To begin with, we should appeal to the authorities to make strict laws to „.In addition, we should cultivate the awareness of people that „ is essential to us.Only in this way can we reverse this disturbing trend illustrated above.
第三篇：大学英语四级写作
Exercise
For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling.You should write at least 120words following the outline given below:
1.如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写
2.出现这种现象的原因是……
3.为了改变这种状况，我认为……
Outline：
I.fewer and fewer students pay attention to their word-spelling
1.can only imitate the pronunciation of a word but be incapable of spelling it
II.There are some causes for it
1.fewer and fewer students need to write English essays
2.the goal of most students to learn English is to speak it and pass the examination
3.the wide use of electronic devices such as e-dictionaries and computers
III.Measures should be taken to solve the problem.1.we need to attach great importance to word-spelling.2.should write English as much as they can
3.the dictations should be reinforced in the class.满分范文：
Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling
Nowadays, students attach less importance to the spelling of words in the process of English study.This phenomenon greatly influences students’ writing and brings on worries among teachers.There are possibly three reasons contributing to this phenomenon.First, exam-oriented education makes the students pay less attention to spelling.Second, some teachers should also be responsible for it because they don’t emphasize the importance of spelling during teaching.Last but not least, some students are too lazy to recite words.Since spelling is one of the most important factors in English study, due attention should be given to it.As for me, I think, first, exams should be modified to add some factors into it, which would help student pay more attention to spelling.Then, schools should also set effective mechanisms to help teachers as well as the students to realize the importance.Finally, for students themselves, they can, through other ways, make them be interested in word spelling.Only by these can we surly realize the importance of spelling and make improvement.大学生应该学选择什么书读？
Reading regularly has long become a common part of people’s life.And reading preference has always aroused the greatest concern.What impresses us most is according to the table, the percentage of book circulation in an American university library, which shows that the circulation of popular fictions, general nonfictions, science/technology/education books and art/ literature/poetry books accounts for 65.9%,18.2%,10.8%and 5.1% respectively.The reasons for the phenomenon are varied.Among the various reasons, the appealing content of the popular fictions plays an important part.That is to say, thanks to its appealing plot, popular fictions attract more people than other
types of books do.What is more, science and art books which require readers’ knowledge on
relevant fields are highly demanding.For example, it’s hard for students majoring in chemistry to
understand Browning’s poems, and vice versa.When talking about my reading preference, I think I prefer to science books.On the one hand,in order to deepen what I’m specializing in, I need read more books relevant to my major.On the
other hand, these books can also broaden our horizons.In brief, college students should choose
books according to their interests and needs.2.对比选择型作文模板
1.Different people have different views on——
2.Some people prefer,——.3.Others tend to, ——.4.As to me, I agree with /to ——
5.Of course,——.6.For example,——
7.But,——
8.The following reasons can account for my preference——
9.The main reason is ——.10.A good example to illustrate is ——
11.Fur another,——
12.From the foregoing（综上所述）,——
1．开门见山直入主体，表明对某事人们的不同看法。(上述12点译文)
2．表明一部分人的看法。
3．另一部分的看法。
4．作者的看法。
5．承认自己不赞同的看法有一定的合理性。
6.举例说明支持第五句。转折指出这种观点的不足。启下句过度到下段具体阐述自己所支持的观点的理由。
9.支持观点的理由一。
10.举例说明理由一。
11.理由二。
12.总结全文，从长远看来。
Is a test of spoken necessary?
A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English
Test(CET).Different people have different views on it.Some prefer to have such a test.Others
tend to decline any kind of test of spoken English.As to me, I agree with the first statement.Of course, a test of spoken English is very difficult to handle and the test time is not long
enough to fully display participants’ ability to spoken in English.For example, if a candidate
draws a topic which he or she is not familiar with, it’s hard to show his or her command of spoken
English.But without such a test, some people may not have motivation to practise spoken English.The following reasons can account for my preference.The main reason is that such a test enhances college students’ awareness of the importance
of spoken English.A good example to illustrate is that several years ago, college students only
stressed reading and writing skills, ignoring to building up listening and speaking ability.For
another, a certificate of such a test will make job-hunting easier.From the foregoing, I think a test
of spoken English is of necessity.3.问题解决型作文模板
1.Withthedevelopment/improvementof ——,——.2.It is necessary that——.3.On the one hand, ——.4.On the other hand, ——
5.Therefore, how to —— is worth paying attention.6.Firstly——7.Secondly——
8.For example,——9.Thirdly, ——.10.In other words,——
11.In fact, ways to —— are countless.12.It’s time that ——
1．空格一处铺垫，空格二处填写某一问题。
2．关注解决现象引出的问题很必要
3．解决问题很必要的理由一。
4．解决问题很必要的理由二。
5．承上启下，填要解决的问题。
6.解决办法一。解决办法二。
8.举例解释解决办法二。
9.解决办法三。
10.阐明解决办法三。
11.指出解决问题的办法多种多样。
12.强调解决问题时不可待。
Reduce Waste on Campus
With the improvement of living standard, waste on campus is increasingly serious.It is
necessary that something should be done to reduce waste on campus.On the one hand, our waste
has already caused a great loss of precious resources, such as water and electricity.On the other
hand, our waste adds our parents as well as our society a burden.Therefore, how to eliminate waste on campus is worth paying attention.Firstly, we should
turn off the light when we leave our dorms or classrooms so as to save electricity as much as
possible.Secondly, we should stop wasting water when we bath, or wash clothes and dishes.For
example, we should use a basin when we clean faces.Thirdly, we should be economical.In other
words, when go shopping, we should buy only what we really need.In fact, the ways to reduce waste on campus are countless.It’s time that we cultivate the
habit of thrift in every possible way.4.观点论证型作文模板
1.It is true that——.2.However,——.3.I think——.4.—— can be listed as follow.5.First of all, ——
6.Secondly ——
7.For example——
8.Thirdly,——
9.A case in point is ——.10.It goes without saying that ——
11.There is no doubt that ——
12.In conclusion ——
1．提出普遍存在地观点。
2．谈不同地观点。
3．自己地观点，即文章地论点4．过度句，转折到观点地论证，由题目选择具体的词。5．论
证理由一
6．论证理由二。
7．举例具体说明理由二。
8.论证理由三。
9.举例说明理由三。
10.提出执行该观点时应注意的事项。
11.得出结论。
12.总结全文。
It Pays to Be Honest
It is true that most of us value honesty highly.However, nowadays we often confront
confidence crisis such as cheating, overcharging, fake commodities, etc.I think that we should be
honest.The reasons can be listed as follows.Firstly, only honest people can be truly respected by the others and can make more friends
over a long period of time.Secondly, honesty, which is the traditional virtue of the Chinese people,can make our life easier and more harmonious.For example, consumers will not be afraid of being
overcharged if dealers are honest, and on the contrary dealers can win more customers.Thirdly,honesty can make our society more stable.A case in point is that Singapore which is a society of
trustworthiness and integrity has a comparatively low criminal rate.It goes without saying that being honesty is of benefit to both the collective and the
individual.There is no doubt that we should foster the spirit of honesty.In conclusion, laying
stress on honesty will become the public morals in our society.应用文作文模板
建议信模板
Dear——
1.I am delighted to learn that——.2.It——.3.In my opinion,——.4.On the one hand,——.5.On the other hand, ——
6.As to the——, I suggest——.7.If ——
8.It is unnecessary for you to——
9.In addition,——.10.I am sure——
11.Please inform me ——
12.I am looking forward to ——
1．写信的原因。
2．引出作者的建议。
3．表达建议内容。
4．提出建议的理由一。
5．建议的理由二。
6．具体到某一方面的建议内容。
7．供被建议人选择的条件。
8．建议内容的另一方面。
9．其它的建议。
10．对建议内容的评价。
11.对建议内容所做出的承诺。
12.表达个人的愿望。
Sincerel
Signature:(个人签名)
A Letter to a Schoolmate
June 7th, 2010
Dear Wang,I am delighted to learn that you will visit me for a week during this national days.It has been
several years since we departed last time, and I am looking forward to your visit.In my opinion,Nanjing is your best choice for this holiday.On the one hand, there are many places of interest and
historical sites in Nanjing.On the other hand, Nanjing is a cultural center with various artistic and
musical performances.As to the famous sites, I suggest that you should visit the Confucius Temple and Dr.Sun
Yat-sen Mausoleum.If you are interested in parks, the XXX park will be your best choice.It is not
necessary for you to bring anything except your sweaters since it is a little chill in the evening.In
addition, as there will be many people at the railway station, you should not leave your belongings
unattended!I am sure you will enjoy your visit in Nanjing.Please inform me once you have made your decision.I am looking forward to seeing you
soon.，yours
Sincerely Yours,Zhang Ying
第四篇：大学英语四级写作——经典模块
大学英语四级考试写作模板——经典范文模块
一、不同观点列举型 There is a widespread concern over the issue that(作 文 题 目),but it is well know that the opinion concerning this hot topic various from person to person.A majority of people think that(观点一).In their views there are factors contributing to this attitude as
fellow.In the first place ,(原因一),Further more ,in the secend place ,(原因二).So it goes without saying that(观点一).People ,however differ in their opinions ,on this mather ,some people hold the idea that(观点二).In their point of view ,on the hand ,(原 因 一),on the other hand ,(原因二).There is no doubt that(观点二).As far as i am concerned ,i firmly support the view the(观点一或观点二).It is not only because(),but
also because().The more.the more().二、利弊型的议论文 Nowadays,there is a widespread concern over the issue that(作文题目).In fact,there are both advantages in().Generally speaking ,it is widely believed that
there are several positive aspects as follows.Fisrtly(优 点一).And secendly(优点二).Just as a popular saying goes “every coin has two sides”.()is no expection ,and in another word ,it still has negative aspects,to begin with(缺点一), in addition(缺 点二).To sum up,we should try to bring the advantages of()into full play ,and reduce the disadvantages to the
minium at the same time.In that case ,we will definitly make a better use of the().三、说明原因型模块 Currently, XX has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory —— nothing is more valuable than XX It is clear that(1).If you(2), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(3).Failure will be following with you.It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(5).It will exert a profound influence upon
(6).With reference to my standpoint, I think(7).注释：
1、XX 的第一个优点
2、支持 XX 的做法
3、不支持 XX 的做法
4、XX 的第二个优点
5、举例证明优点二
6、说明 XX 优点三的影响
相应作文： The importance of self-confidence Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day.This does demonstrate the theory —— nothing is more valuable than self-confidence.It is clear that(self-confidence means trust in one's abilities).If you(are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true.On the contrary, if you(have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything).Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through.No one can deny another fact that(self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know(the secret of MMe.Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular).It will exert a profound influence upon(the achievement of one's ambitions).With reference to my
standpoint, I think(he that can have self-confidence can have what he will).四、说明原因型模块 In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on(1).The factors for
(2).First of all,(3).Then, there comes a case that(4).Moreover,(5).Especially when(6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind people that(7).In this way, we should behave just like(8).相应作文：
The impact of Television In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels.It has caused a heated debate on(the impact of television on children).Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children.The factors for(parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all,(with so many programs to choose from, children are not getting as much exercise as they should).Then, there comes a case that(some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school).Moreover,(the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies).Especially when(the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that(they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply.三、说明原因型模块 For most of us today,(1).From above, we can find that the reasons why(2)are as follows.The primary reason, I think, is(3).Second,(4).The third reason, actually, is(5).The significance for(6).Therefore,(7).注释：
1、人们针对 XX 的态度和举措
2、归纳现状
3、第一个原因
4、第二个原因
5、第三个原因
6、重申造成现状的最重要原因
相应作文： Pollution Most of us today(recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem.lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air.many fish die of poisonous water.thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in gas.therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling, or bringing death not only to human beings, but also to wild life.)From above, we can find that the reasons why(environment are polluted more and more seriously)are as follows.the primary reason, I think, is(the reason of harmful substances into environment.for example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests.however, they pollute air, water
and land).Second,(the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly).the third reason actually is(the result of a growing population in the world.everyday, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, also pollute the environment).The significance for(controlling pollution)noted that it's high time that more effective measures should be taken.Therefore,(new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories.moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste.let's make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us).五、说明原因型模块 These days we often hear that(1).It is common that(2).Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing,(3).For another,(4).What is more, since(5),it is natural that(6).To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying.We should do something such as(7)to improve he present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.注释：
1、提出论题
2、说明现状
3、理由一
4、理由二
5、理由三
6、理由三引起的后果
7、解决方法
相应作文： Pollution of environment These days we often hear that(our living
conditions are getting more and more serious because of the destruction of our environment).It is common that(many trees and animals are near extinction, and the all-important food chain has been destroyed.).Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing,(the population of the world is increasing so rapidly that the world has been so crowded.).For another,(the overuse of natural resources has influenced the balance of natural ecology).What is more, since(the industrial revolution),it is natural that(a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms.The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment).To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worthing.We should do something such as(planting more trees, equipping cars with pollution-control devices and
learning to recycling natural resources)to improve the present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future.六、图表式作文写作模板 It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years(as X varies).At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of……(多少).What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are……(多 少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.First of all,……(第 一个原因).More importantly,……(第二个原因).Most important of all,……(第三个原 因).From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future.The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time(if necessary measures are not taken 括号里的使用于那些不 太好的变化趋势).七、提纲式作文写作模板
1、对立观点式 A.有人认为 X 是好事，赞成 X，为什么？ B.有人认为 X 是坏事，反对 X，为什么？ C.我的看法。Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X.They point out the fact that 支持 X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持 X 的另一个原因。However, other people stand on a different ground.They consider it harmful to do X.They firmly point out that 反对 X 的第一个理由。An example can give the details of this argument: There is some truth in both arguments.But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages.In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。
2、批驳观点式 A．一个错误观点。B． 我不同意。Many people argue that 错误观
点。saying that, they mean 对 By 这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞 成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。There might be some element of truth in these people's belief.But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief.(以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。
3、社会问题(现象)式 A．一个社会问题或者现象 B．产生的原因
C．对社会和我们生活的影响 D．如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话)E．前景的预测。Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem.(X has increasingly become a common concern of the public).According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情 况。(或者是一个例子)。There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects.参照辩论式议论文的写法。A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm.同上 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will……
辩论式议论文模版
（一）Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 观点1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 观点2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 论据1.More importantly, 论据2.Most important of all, 论据3.In summary, 总结观点。As a college student, I am supposed to 表决 心。或 From above, we can predict that 预测。
辩论式议论文模版
（二）People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 观点1.While others point out that 观点2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 论据1.For another, 论据2.Last but not the least, 论据3.To conclude, 总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心。或 From above, we can predict that 预测。
辩论式议论文模版
（三）There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1.While others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 论据1.Furthermore,论据2.Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 论据3.A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that 总结观点。As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心。
第五篇：大学英语四级写作
大学英语四级写作
议论文
议论文是作者对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法、主张的一种文体。写议论文要把握三性和三要素。三性指准确性、鲜明性和生动性。三要素指论点、论据和论证。
论点的基本要求：观点正确，概括全面，见解新颖，有实际意义，要恰当地综合运用各种表达方式。
论据的基本要求，真实可靠、充分典型。
论证的基本要求：推理必须合乎逻辑，论证要讲究顺序，论证要符合正确的推理形式。简而言之，英语议论文共有三大特点：
1、观点鲜明的开头；
2、紧扣主题的结尾；
3、有主题句并且衔接自然的中间段落。
这三点当中，第1、2点早已为绝大多数中国学生所熟知，因为开头点题和结尾扣题同样也是汉语文章的要求。
另外，英语文章和汉语不同的是段落的主题句一定要放在段首，而不能按照中文的写作习惯放在段落的中间或者最后，在英文应试写作中更加如此。正因为没有“主题句”的思想，所以中国学生在写英语文章时经常“想到什么，就写什么”，这在英语议论文中是不能接受的。
常用的关联词分为四类：
1、列举类
列举法常用在议论文中，当作者提出一个论点后，可通过列举出一系列事实对其进行说明或论证。
列举类关联词有：
first(ly), second(ly),...finally;for one thing, for another;on the one hand, on the other hand;moreover;furthermore;what's more;in addition;besides;first of all;in the first place, in the second place;(at)last;then;next;the last but not the least2、举例类
举例法是用事例或数据对中心观点进行说明论证的方法，举例类关联词有：
for example;for instance;such as;like;take...for example;a case in point;namely;in other words;that is;especially;in particular3、比较和对比
比较是把两种或两种以上的事物进行比较，以辨别出它们的相似之处；对比是将这些事物进行对照，辨别其差异而指出各自的特征和本质。这类关联词有：
but;however;yet;otherwise;while;in contrast;by contrast;on the contrary;similarly;likewise;like;conversely;rather than;instead;on the other hand;equally;nevertheless;nonetheless;unlike;still;in the same way;compared with...4、因果类
as a result;since;because(of);thanks to;due to;owing to;for this reason;hence;thus;therefore;on this/that account;on account of;consequently5、总结类
总结法是指在表达了一个观点或举了一个例子后，进行总结、给出概括，这类关联词有： in this case;according to;in a word;in brief;in short;to sum up.范文1：
Career or Family: which is more important?
When asked about their opinion of career and family, people always respond differently.Some people deem it more important to pursue their career, while there are always other people who argue that family should be the number one in one’s life.It goes without any question that career plays a key role in our life.In the very first place, career can give us an aim to live on.Without career, much of our living time will be certainly wasted.What’s more, career can provide us with a means to live on.Most of the people earn their income from a job.On the other hand, family is also an indispensable part of life, as many people will admit.Family is always regarded as a place where we can escape from troubles in life.In addition, we can obtain a sense of belonging to from family.Without it, anyone will feel lonely and desperate.In my opinion, career and family are not in opposition to each other.Rather, they can enhance each other so that one’s life can become better and better.Therefore, it’s not a choice between right and wrong, but one between ideal and practical.作文中可用的谚语或句子：
As a saying goes:俗话说
1、A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。
2、An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening.一日之计在于晨。
3、A good idler ,an old beggar.少壮不努力，老大徙伤悲。
4、Do as the Romans do.入乡随便俗。
5、Each coin has two sides.有利必有弊。
6、Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。
7、It is never too old to learn.活到老学到老。
8、Like father, like son.有其父，必有其子。
9、No cross, no crown.不见风雨，怎见彩虹。
10、Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
11、Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成12、Time flies.....时光飞逝。。
13、Look before you leap.(三思而后行。)
14、“No pains, no gains”.（没有付出就没有收获）
15、As a proverb says, “Everything has two sides”.On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your health.On the other hand, if you don’t deal with it properly, it will do harm to your health.So we should look at the matter from two sides.一．The main types of guided writing:
1.提纲式作文：
Directions:
Women make a great contribution to the progress of modern society.But there are still some people who don’t agree with it.There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper.Write an essay to the newspaper based on the following outline.1.Role of women in modern society
2.Prejudices and discrimination against women
3.My comment
You should write about 200 words within 40 minutes.Women play an important part in modern society.Now many women are going into professions, such as medicine, law and engineering.They comprise a large part of the workers in offices and factories.Many jobs they are engaged in are in line with their special capabilities of their sex.In addition, some of are working up to important positions which used to be held mainly by men.There are even some businesses which are run completely by women.It is obvious that women are making an outstanding contribution to the progress of modern society.There are, however, still some people who assert that men are superior to women in many ways.In the first place, many jobs men do can hardly be done by women, who are physically not strong enough.They believe that women are the weaker one, both physically and emotionally.According to them, a woman’s place is within the protective environment of the home.Secondly, most of the world-famous scientists and statesmen are found to be males.Finally, the whole society seems to have always been dominated by men only.In their opinion, men should enjoy more rights than do women.Personally, I’m firmly standing on the side of those women right defenders.Since both men and women are equally important in human activities, they should be on an equal footing.二、The structure of a paragraph and its development:
1.Structure of a paragraph: topic sentence, development sentence and concluding sentence.2.Ways of developing a paragraph:
1)Comparison and contrast(对比法)
2)Cause and effect(因果法)
3)Exemplification(举例法)
4)Generalization and qualification(概述法)
5)Argument(议论法)
三、Some sentence patterns commonly-used in controlled writing :---关于利弊、优缺点的句型：
have the advantage of „..(有„.方面的长处)
benefit sb/sth.(对„有好处)
benefit from sth.(由于„.而受益)
do(a lot of)good to sb.(对„.有许多好处)
be good for sb./sth.(对„.有益)
do damage to sth./damage sth.(对„.造成损害)
be as(not so)good/great as „„
not so much „ as „(与其说„,不如说„)
---说明原因的句型：
1.There are some manygood reasons for„ to do sth
Example: There are two reasons for the changes in people’s living conditions.First, we have been carrying out an opening and reform policy.Second, our national economy is developing rapidly and the birth rate has been put under control.2.We have two good reasons for „
3.The reasons for „ is that + 从句
--表示不同看法的句型：
1.Different peoplehave hold different opinionviewon
this questionproblem
Some believe that „Others argue that „Still others maintain that „译：人们对国际文化交流的看法各不相同。有些人认为，国际文化交流能促进各国人民之间的友谊和了解。另一些人则争辩说，中国是一个具有5000年历史的文明古国，并且有自己的传统文化，它和西方文化截然不同。因此，他们反对国际文化交流。我认为，第2种看法是片面的。现在国际文化交流是非常重要的。各国人民应该互相了解、互相学习以便增进友谊。
People differ in their opinions on the international cultural exchange.Some believe that international cultural exchange contributes to the friendship and understanding of the people all over the world.Others argue that China is an ancient civilized nation with a history of 5000 years and has its own
traditional culture, which is quite different from that in the western countries.Therefore, they are opposed to the international cultural exchange.In my opinion, the second view is one-sided and partial.The international cultural exchange is of great importance now.People of all countries should understand each other and learn from each other to enhance the friendship among them.1.They are quite different from each other in their opinions.2.Some people hold the opinion that it is good to have a small family.Example: Parents and children think differently on this question.Parents hold that children should work hard and do well at school.Children, however, maintain that they should have freedom to spend their leisure time and to plan for their own future.---表示必须、紧急、有困难做某事的句型：
1.It is important(necessary, urgent, difficult, easy, convenient, comfortable, expensive, desirable, advisable)for sb.To do sth.2.have trouble difficulty(in)doing sth.(有困难做某事)
have trouble with sth.(对„有困难，不好对付)
---关于因果关系的句型：
1.The reason for higher prices was an increase in demand.because as since causesresult in thereforeas a resultbecause of---辩论中常用的句型：
1.There is no doubt that „毫无疑问 2.It is obvious/clear that 明显„
3.As is known all众所周知4.(It’s)no wonder„(难怪)
5.It goes without saying that „(不成问题，很自然)
6.What is more important更重要的是7.I am convinced that我坚信
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