第一篇：2014考研英语：应用文写作全面指导
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考研英语的应用文写作，要求考生根据所给情景写出约100词的应用性短文，包
括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。因此同学们在复习过程中应加强对应用文
写作特点的了解和针对格式要求的记忆，有意识的掌握各类应用文的写作方法。
在应用文的写作过程中要注意四性：信息覆盖的全面性、结构组织的条理性与逻
辑性、语言使用的准确性、文体格式的正确性。要想写作得高分，这四性缺一不
可。应用文写作不单单只是针对格式的复习，格式只是最起码的要求，信息是否
完全关系到文章是否完整，结构的合理安排才能让文章层次鲜明，而语言使用的准确性也关系到考生的写作水平和得分情况。希望同学们用较高的标准来要求自
己，实现应用文写作中质的突破。
下面，简单地介绍一下这几种应用文的写作技巧：
首先是私人和公务信函。私人和公务信函是用以交涉事宜、传达信息、交流思想、联络感情、增进了解的重要工具，与同学们的生活、学习比较密切，也是以后工
作中用的最多的一种沟通方式。信函是很重要的一种应用文。
所谓私人信函就是给家人、朋友或者同学等写信，谈事情的同时又交流感情；所
谓公务信函就是给亲朋好友之外的人写信，主要是为了办事，比方说给老板或是
客户写信都属于公务信函。
信函一般都是由写信时间，信内地址，称呼，信的主要内容和信尾几个主要部分
组成。收信人地址要写在左上角，寄信人地址要写在右上角，寄信人地址也可以
不写。姓名写在地址上面。地址排列顺序依次为门牌号、街区名、城市和国名。
在信的开头人名前一定要加Mr.，Mrs.，Dear等比较尊敬的称呼。信的结尾注意
使用常用的客套话如：sincerely yours，faithfully yours或者yours sincerely，yours
faithfully。英文书信写作要遵循五个原则，即正确、清晰、简洁、礼貌和体贴。
正确是指信中所谈的事情要准确、具体，不用含糊抽象的词如：本月、明天等。
清晰要求的是主题要明确，层次要清楚，让读者看后了然于心。简洁是现代英语
发展的一大趋势。书信写作要做到行文简洁流畅，避免迂回冗长的长句，使书信
尽可能写得明白清晰。书信交往，同样需要以礼待人。因而在写信过程中，要避
免伤害对方感情，措辞上多多使用would，could，may，please等词，要自然得
体，彬彬有礼。体谅对方也是写书信时要注意的一个原则。不能以自己为中心，要尊重对方的习俗爱好，即便是拒绝，也要委婉而不失去友谊。书信的写作也要
注意格式，避免语法、拼写、标点错误，信中所引用的史料、数据等也应准确无
误。
备忘录是一种录以备忘的公文，主要用来提醒、督促对方，或就某个问题提出自
己的意见或看法。包括书端、收文人的姓名、头衔、地址，称呼，事因，正文，结束语和署名。备忘录上一定要说明什么时间，谁写的？写给谁？什么事？并且
正文、结束语和署名等项与一般信件的格式相同。
报告分为两种，第一种是读书报告。比如读一本书或者看一本小说写一个读书报
告。读书报告中首先要交代背景知识，比如作者生平，时代简介等，接下来对书的内容做一个简单的概括，最后一段可以发表评论，要注意时态。另一种报告就
是书面报告，书面报告考试的可行性和可能性更大一些。书面报告与备忘录的写
法很类似，所不同的就是书面报告一般是下级写给上级，它也需要交代清楚四件
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事：什么时间？谁写的？写给谁？什么事？
考生们首先要熟悉不同类型的应用文写作格式，注意事项，写作特点等。其次要背诵大量的优秀范文，要整段整段的背，不仅是背会，而且要脱口而出，并且转换成自己的语言，写作时可以随心所欲支配。再次，是要多动手写作，要写出属于自己的文章。多动手写作才能快速写出好文章来。写好的文章要注意检查，看有无语法错误，有无用词不当，能否用其他的句式表达相同的意思。
希望同学们认真复习，取得良好的复习效果！
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第二篇：考研英语 应用文写作
考研应用文写作(A节作文)一.应用文写作要求: 1 内容全面(覆盖面)2 语言自然(词汇丰富,衔接手段的应用)3 语法正确 语域得体(正式与非正式)5 格式正确
二.写作类型:1信件(私人及公务)备忘录摘要报告
三.写作总体把握:确定文章格式 与语域,抓住关键词,合理想象, 确定文章内容与结构
应用文分类破解 信件写作
(A)信件格式:称呼 正文 结束语
签名 第一段自我介绍句型: I am
(a staff member of)_____________.写作目的句型: I am writing the letter in purpose of _____________.感谢对方来信的句型: It is really a surprise to receive your letter of June 18.Your letter of June 18th has arrived.What a pleasing surprise!
thThank you for your letter of June 18.2 结尾段句型: 1)表示感谢:My thanks to you for your general help are beyond words.I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation to the kind assistance you render me.I apologize for all the inconvenienced I have Caused
2)期待回信
I am looking forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience.I look forward to hearing from you soon.B 求学信写作
1首段: 自我介绍,申请原因, 说明写信目的 2 主体:自己的背景资料,询问对方学校的资料结尾: 希望尽快收到答复,表示感谢与期待
常用句型:
th1)I am writing to inquire about the entrance to your university.2)I wish to apply to your esteemed department as a postgraduate student.3)Your university is a well-staffed and well-equipped institute with a long history and a fine tradition of scholarship.4)Would you please be kind to furnish me with some related information?(P27)
C 投诉信 自我介绍,引出投诉内容 2 描述个人经历
时间、地点。First, …..then…..Later,….Next,….Soon,…..Eventually,….引起有关人员或公众注意,避免再次发生 4 希望能尽快得到满意答复 常用句型: 1 I’m writing to put forward some opinions about I’m writing to complain about I’m writing to you to express my dissatisfaction with 4 I hope that the authorities concerned will consider my suggestions and improve the situation as best as they can.We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind.D 求职信 说明信息来源,表明写作目的和应聘职位.2 详述个人经历和能力:教育程度,所学专业(或询问薪水待遇)3 希望获得面试机会,提供联系方式,感谢对方关心 常用句型: I have read your advertisement in _____, and I should be grateful if you could consider me favorable for this position.2 I am writing to apply for the position of __________ which you advertised in ____.3 I am writing to recommend myself as a qualified candidate for the job of ___ you have advertised in I graduated from the ________ university majoring in ______.I have been working in ______ since my graduation, and therefore attained a fair knowledge and experience in this field.I would appreciate it if you could grant me an interview so that I could explain in more details.6 With the kind of experience I have accumulated, I would expect a salary of not less than ___ 7 If you want to know more about me, please contact me at ________.求职信范文
Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing to express my interest in your recently advertised position for a waitress.Enclosed with the letter is my resume, which further details my qualifications and previous work experience.Not only do my qualifications and work experience make me a perfect candidate for the job, but my personality is well suited to working as a waitress.I am a very friendly person who can quickly establish rapport with people of all ages.I would like to meet with you at your earliest convenience, to discuss the possibility of working at your restaurant.Thank you for your consideration of my application.I look forward to meeting you in the near future.Your sincerely Li Ming The principle of hard work applies to 应用文写作(二)推荐信写作
第一段:介绍自己背景,与被推荐人的关系以及为何事推荐
常用句型: As________(自己的背景或者与被推荐者的关系), I take great pleasure in recommending _________for acceptance into(for the position of)________.I am_________.I am writing with pleasure to recommend _____, one of my favorite students, as far as all that I know, for the position in your company.第二段:具体说明被推荐者的细节 常用句型: With good educational background and excellent character, ______ is qualified to apply for an appropriate position in your company.第三段:表示期待以及愿意进一步提供信息 常用句型: A long journey begins with the first step.As far as I know of him, I am very pleased to write this letter of reference to support ______, a very promising young man to apply for ________.If you want to know more information about him, please don’t hesitate to contact me at _____.According to my knowledge of him in the past three years, I believe _____is qualified for this position.Should you need any further information about this student, please feel free to contact me ______.感谢信句型
Please accept my belated thanks for__________.I really appreciated your ___________.I would like to convey in this letter my heartfelt thanks to you for _________.备忘录写作 Date: To: From: Subject: 正文:
通知的写作
Notice /announcement All students are requested to be present at the meeting to be held in the school auditorium on Saturday , January 14, 2005 at 3:00 pm.The meeting scheduled to take place this Tuesday is postponed until further notice.写作病句回顾 There are many ways to know the society.For example, by TV, radio and newspapers.2 When he made the decision.He found he began to regret.English is a compulsory course in many colleges, and a student must pass it before he earns his degree.4 The problem is that your brain is less and less efficient, your process is slower and slower.However, there are still many students applying for teaching positions, teachers are very popular in our society.6 Take photos is my habit during travel.7 Our class has more than 200 students, often forcing me to sit on the floor.8 Because I want to be a scientist, so I worked very hard.9 I want to buy something that you will like it.Knowledge, it is the most important things of our world.To make progress, many factors have to be taken into account.12 In Nanjing, the weather is fine, you can enjoy your life here.Getting married is easy, staying married is a difficult matter.To learn English well is not an easy work.15 But it may occur many problems.16 Being a professor needs knowledge, patience and your virtue.Seeing this, many thoughts came into his mind.However people who hold the view :global shortage of fresh water On the top of that, with the increasing of the factory.(前面句号改成逗号,前面不是一个完整的句子)There will need fresh water For example , a child lives with his parent for 18 years, when he go to university , he even don’t know what clothes to wear in every seasons.there is（删除）the flower fades in the same situation without the green house.Face(facing)this situation, drastic measure have be taken to and this unhealthy trend This picture vividly depicts that the athlete rushing to the end of line that is marked “start” in front and “end” in behind.But others do not agree with it, and believe there is several opportunity in everyone.more and more people come to realize that(删除)the important of kownledge.
第三篇：考研英语应用文写作
随着2011考研报名工作的正式启动，1月份的考试离我们越来越近了，要参加2011考研的考生神经又要绷紧一些了。这里，与大家分享一下有关考研英语写作中书信写作的方法常用技巧等，掌握了这些，相信此类题型的提分会有很大帮助。
书信题型写作是应用文写作中常见的功能性写作形式，书信写作的准备一是宏观，就是要掌握它的格式，基本框架，就是先写什么，后写什么；二是微观，具体到语言如何使用。
一、书信写作考察的结构
① 日期，写信人应将写信日期(年，月，日)放在书信正文的右上角，如Jan.30th, 2010。提醒：考研书信写作没有要求考生必须写时间，如果没有把握自己的时间书写格式是正确的，建议考生不要写，以免出错反而扣分。
② 称呼，称呼是写信人对收信人的称谓，称呼可以根据收信人的性别，职务，婚姻状况，姓名等个人信息来写，如：Mr.Williams, Mrs.Bush, Professor Li, Dr.Smith, Dear Mum and Dad
如果写信人不清楚收信人的具体姓名，职务等情况，可以写：Dear Sir or Madam, To whom it may concern。
③ 正文，正文是书信的主要部分，在称呼下方隔一或两行处开始。考生写正文时，要分层次进行。书信正文通常由引言，展开段和结尾三个层次组成。
· 引言，引言表明写信人的写信目的和写信背景，一般仅限于一段，一两句话即可。
提醒：此处考生容易犯一个错误：照抄题目的表达，甚至原句，这是一个严重的错误，在阅卷过程至少会扣到2分，希望广大考生要注意。
· 展开段，展开段内容应详实，具体。可以分为若干段来写，每一段围绕一个主题展开。提醒：提醒广大考生，题干中的要点必须全部包含，考生若是在漏掉一个要点（一般小作文有3个要点）会至少扣掉3分。
· 结尾，结尾部分通常比引言部分短，使用一两句话表达一下希望或祝愿。
④ 结束语，结束语是写信人对收信人的谦称，写在正文下面二至三行处。公务等较正式的信件多采用Yours sincerely, Sincerely yours, Yours faithfully, Yours truly 等；私人信件，多采用Yours, With love, Yours affectionately 等。
⑤ 签名，签名应写在结束语的下面。
二、主体段语言的操作
书信按照指令边想边写。主体第一段一句话，开门见山，提出写信的目的，表明信的性质：是投诉信还是申请信还是请求信？我为什么要写这封信？常用句式包括：
I am writing to complain about...I am writing to thank...for.../express my gratitude for...I am writing to ask for...I am writing to apply for...正文第二段，100个字左右，8、9句话。
此段写作的中心任务是把题目中的提纲进行扩展。如果有3条提纲，可以每一条提纲扩充3句。怎么样扩充，主要是发挥点小小的想象力，有两种思路，一是将上义拆分成为若干下义，二是把一件事情说得更为形象具体。比如第一条指令，题目里面说是books，可以细化为各种各样的书，这就是下义拆分法。还可以具体描写一下这些书是什么样子的。同样第二个指令里面的methods of payment,和第三个指令里面的time and way of delivery都可以采用这两种方法进行扩展。
结尾，一般为礼貌性的套话，一般都是焦急等待着您的回信I am looking forward to your reply足以，或者I would appreciate it if you could send a replay at your earliest convenience也行。
以下为书信写作中常用的经典句型参考，希望大家在写作中活学活用。
常用起首语
1)I am much pleased to inform you that.......2)I wish to apply for the teaching position you are offering.3)Your kind letter of November 22th arrived this morning.4)In reply to your letter dated July 4, I want to say...5)Thank you for your letter dated Dec.22, 2000.6)Many thanks for your letter of Sept.5，1997.7)A thousand thanks for your kind letter of June 5,1997.8)Your letter which arrived this morning gave me great comfort.9)Thank you very much for your letter of August 2 and the gift you sent me on Christmas Eve.10)First of all,I must thank you for your kind assistance and high attention to me.11)With great delight I learn from your letter of this Sunday that...12)I am too excited and delighted at your good news.13)I am very obliged to you for your warm congratulations....常用结束语
1)Looking forward to your early reply
2)Hoping to hear from you soon
3)I hope to hear from you very soon.4)We look forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.5)Your early reply will be highly appreciated.6)I hope everything will be well with you.7)Please let us know if you want more information.8)I wish you very success in the coming year.9)Please remember me to your family.10)With best regards to your family.11)All the best.12)With love and good wishes.求职申请信常用句型
1.In reply to your advertisement in ~,I respectfully offer my services for the situation.2.With reference to your advertisement in ~ for a / an ~,I offer myself for the post.3.Please consider me an applicant for the position which you advertised in ~.4.Having noticed the enclosed advertisement in ~,I wish to apply for the position referred to.5.In answer to your advertisement in ~ for a ~,I wish to tender my services.6.Your advertisement for a ~ in ~ has interested me.I feel I can fill that position.7.Shall you need an experienced ~ for your ~ next SUMMER?
8.I have been for over five years in the employment of a / an ~ company
9.I have been in the business for the last ~ years, and worked as the director of the...department.10.I've had ~ years' experience with a company as a ~.11.For the last ~ years, I have been and still am a / an ~.12.I'm ~ years of age, female / male, and have had ~ years' experience in a limited company's ~ office
13.I should be very glad to have a personal interview and can furnish references if desired.14.If you desire an interview, I shall be most happy to call in person, on any day and at any time you may appoint.15.Should you think favorably of my application, kindly grant me an interview.16.I trust that you'll give this application your favorable consideration.17.Should you give me a trial, I'll do my utmost to afford you every satisfaction.申诉信常用句型
1.I am sorry to say that we are greatly inconvenienced by the fact that ~.2.I am writing this letter to complain about ~.3.I really must complain about the quality of the ~ I recently got from your company.4.You seem to have supplied us with a product that falls far below the standard we expect.5.The ~ I ordered from your store arrived broken.Obviously, no packing had been placed in the box before it was sent from the warehouse.6.It is now over ~ since we made the above order with you, but the ~ we need badly now haven't arrived yet.7.The product I purchased from you ~ proved to be quite a disappointment.Although it looks exactly the same as the one I saw in your commercial, it actually does not perform the same way.8.As I have no interest in receiving a replacement, I am returning the product to you and demand that a full refund be made to me.9.I'd appreciate it very much if you refund the money I have paid for it.10.We would appreciate it if you would arrange for the replacement of the damaged items.感谢信常用句型
1.Let me tell you how much I liked / appreciated / enjoyed...2.I want you to know how much we / I appreciate...3.We appreciate your taking time to...4.I don't know how I would have managed without your help
5.I hope I can return the favor someday
6.Do let me know if I can ever return the favor
第四篇：考研英语应用文之道歉信写作指导
考研英语应用文之道歉信写作指导 http://.cn2009年07月09日 09:58海天教育
A Letter of Apology(道歉信)是因为自己的过失或疏忽，给别人带来了麻烦或损失，发觉后为了给对方赔礼道歉而写的信函。道歉信应该反应出自己具体的过失或疏忽，道歉的语言应该简练诚恳，并且希望收信人能够原谅自己的过失或疏忽。
常用句型：
1.I cannot tell you how sorry I am。
2.I just do not know what to say。
3.It was my fault。
4.Please forgive my forgetfulness / negligence。
5.I am afraid I have brought you too much trouble。
6.It was really quite unintentional。
7.I did not mean to hurt your feelings。
8.I do beg your pardon for the mess I have made。
9.I must make an apology for(losing my temper)。
10.Please accept my sincere apologies for„
范文：
Directions:
You have made an appointment with Prof.Wang, but failed to keep it.Write a letter to your teacher to
1)apologize for your failure to keep the appointment,2)explain your reason to your teacher, and
3)express your wish to make another appointment。
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use “Li Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address。
Jan.30th, 2010
Dear Prof.Wang,First of all, please allow me to express my deep sorry for not being able to keep our appointment.I do know that this is very impolite and must have caused you much trouble。
I do reckon that at present any explanation is pale and futile.However I do not want you to misunderstand me.On my
way to your office, an old lady suddenly fainted due to heart attack on the bus.I stopped a taxi and sent her into a nearby hospital.I stayed there until her son came, which spoiled our appointment。
I am aware that our appointment is of importance.I do hope that you would be kindenough to spare your valuable time to meet me。
I am looking forward to hearing from you。
Sincerely yours,Li Ming
(136 words)
第五篇：考研英语应用文之感谢信写作指导
考研英语应用文之感谢信写作指导.txt2008太不正常了，一切都不正常！在这个关键时刻，中国男足挺身而出，向全世界证明：中国男足还是正常的！考研英语应用文之感谢信写作指导
A letter of Thanks（感谢信）是为了答谢对方的邀请、问候、关心、帮助和支持而写的公关礼仪书信。
常用句型
1.I am very much obliged to you.2.I am very much indebted to you.3.Many thanks for„
4.Thanks a lot./ Thanks a million.5.Thank you very much indeed./ Thank you so
much.6.I can never thank you enough./ I really cannot
thank you enough./ I really do not know how I can thank you
enough.7.I do appreciate your timely help.8.I would like to express my
appreciation.9.I should like to say how grateful I am./ I am
extremely grateful to you.10.It is most thoughtful of you that„ / you are
very thoughtful / considerate to„
范文
1.Directions:
You have been entertained by your friend Gao Jie
when you stayed in
Beijing on vacation.Write a letter to him to
1)thank him for entertaining you,2)describe your feeling, and
3)invite him to visit your hometown.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET
2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use “Li
Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address.Jan.30th, 2010
Dear Gao Jie,First of all, please allow me to say “Thank you” to you.It is
very kind of you to spare your valuable time accompanying and
entertaining me during the period of my vacation in
Beijing.That was my first time to visit Beijing, and I was
unfamiliar with the city.When I called you,you were so kind to
promise to be my tour guide and entertain me there.It made me
really moved.When I arrived in Beijing by train, it was 11:00 at
night.I was surprised and touched to find you were still waiting for me at the station.Early the next morning, we went to visit the Tiananmen Square.I will never forget we stood on the Tiananmen Square, watching the Flag-raising ceremony.Such experiences will be kept in my mind forever.Besides, you invited me to dinner at your house where you parents cooked a fantastic meal for us.I really enjoyed it that day.Now, I am back at my hometown.I sincerely hope
you can visit it someday.You could taste local food and visit many beautiful places here.If possible, you can come here with your parents whom I miss very much.I hope that I can see you
earlier.Again, special thanks go to all of
you.Sincerely yours
Li Ming
(216 words)
2.Directions:
You have been ill and hospitalised for two weeks.Your teachers and classmates went to see you.Write a letter to them to
4)thank them for their coming to see
you,5)describe your feeling, and
6)state your present condition.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET
2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use “Li Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address.Jan.30th, 2010
Dear Teachers and Classmates,First of all, please allow me to say “Thank you”
to all of you.It is very kind of you to spare your valuable time during the period of final examinations and come to see
me.Your visit has given me much confidence and power
to overcome the illness.When I first came to the hospital, I really felt lonely and did not have enough courage and confidence to overcome the illness.Your visit has made me feel that I am not poor and lonely in the world and in fact I am living in a world of
love.These days, my condition has been obviously
improved due to the careful treatment offered by doctors and
nurses.My doctor has told me that I will completely
recover from illness in two weeks.I hope that I can see you
earlier.Again, special thanks go to all of you.Sincerely yours
Li Ming
(156 words)
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