第一篇：2012年6月英语四级写作常用短语及例句汇总
21.对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…
22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
23.导致，引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26.竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
27.开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
31.从另一个角度 from another perspective
32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts
33.对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to…
34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…
36.综合素质 comprehensive quality
37.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach
39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…
40.应当承认 Admittedly,41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty
42.满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…
43.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
45.因特网 the Internet(一定要由冠词，字母I 大写)
46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient
47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
48.环保(的)environmental protection / environmentally friendly
49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion
53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
55.理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice
56.…必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…
57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest
59.长远利益.interest in the long run
60.…有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
62.取其精髓，取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs。
63.对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
65.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …
66.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth。
67.…的健康发展 the healthy development of …
68.有利有弊Every coin has its two sides。
No garden without weeds。
69.对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。
70.重视 attach great importance to…
71.社会地位 social status
72.把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on…
73.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge
74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally
75.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to…
76.提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
77.可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that
78.缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden
79.优先考虑/发展… give(top)priority to sth。
80.与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with
81.相反 in contrast / on the contrary。
82.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
83.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
84.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
85.社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress
86.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…
87.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding
88.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of
一．开头段常用提出现象句型
1.Nowadays more and more…are commonly and widely…in everyday life.如今，在日常生活中，越来越多…被广泛…
2.In recent years…is gaining growing popularity with…
近年来，…受到越来越多…的欢迎
3.Recent years have been a boom in…
近年来，出现了迅速增长。
4.Nowadays, there are many…
如今，出现了许多…
5.Nowadays,…has become a very common matter in…
如今，…已经成为在…的常见现象。
6.Nowadays, there is a growing tendency in…
如今，在…方面出现了上升趋势。
7.Recently…has aoused wide concern…/has been brought into focus.最近，…引起了广泛关注/受到了人们的关注。
8.Most of us may have such experience that…
我们当中许多人可能都有…这种经历。
第二篇：英语四级写作例句
Graph/chart/diagram泛指图表, Bar/column graph柱状图, curve graph/line graph曲线图, pie chart饼状图, table表格, flow chart流程图
开头：
The curved lines show/represent/reveal/demonstrate/reflect/describe/illustrate/unfold/present/ display/depict/record the variation/outstanding features/the declining trend of…
From the chart above/according to the chart/as is known to the chart, we can see four social and economical indicators of …namely…
As can be seen from the chart, there is a steadily increasing tendency of…
After comparison of unemployment rates, we can find the values…
We can find the numbers of smokers in different categories in the above diagram.A close look at the diagram reveals both good signs and worrying trends.The table indicates that the figures for…in the five countries mentioned indicate no overall pattern of increase or decrease.In fact there is considerable fluctuation from country to country.This diagram indicates a clear comparison between...and...in four aspects, namely….It demonstrates that…receive most of the money, while the other six represented on the chart split the remaining donations more evenly.The graph displays how the number of commuters changes at…
Among the five major…are…/of the three sources that reduced,…
结尾：
After comparative study of the above chart …
From the diagram the conclusion can be safely drawn that…
The charts indicate no correlation between…and…
It is worth mentioning that…
Attention should be drawn to…
In conclusion, it spears from the data that…whilst…
时间：in the 8 year period, from that year on/onwards, over the period from…to…
程度副词：dramatically, radically, substantially, significantly, markedly, considerably, overwhelmingly, noticeably, moderately, steadily, approximately, gradually, somewhat, slightly, scarcely, entirely, practically(几乎), precisely, virtually(差不多)
拥有：Enjoy/boast higher figures
上升：increase, rise, ascend, surge, go up, climb, mount, level up, grow/rocket from…to… There was a greatest increase/ an upward trend in…
Sth.have a greater growth
The station sees/experiences its first sharp rise
Sth.takes an upward turn
The trend is uniformly upward.The graph rises more steeply.The speed of increase accelerated in…
下降：decrease, fall(down), drop, descend, decline, reduce, lessen, level down, be on the fall The trend was towards a decrease in…
There was a more gradual reduction in
The rate of decline slowed down
平稳：stable, steady, remain, maintain, be the same as, level off/out, stabilize
The values remained/stayed(relatively)constant/unchanged/stable/level
波动：fluctuate, fluctuation, rise up and fall down,Sth.decreases with minor fluctuation.There were minor falls and rises.占：occupy, take up,Coal provides/accounts for/makes up/constitutes 46% of the whole.最高点：at the top/summit/peak, reach/hit the summit/peak, with…at the top, top(vt.)
最低点：bottom, least, rock bottom, reach the lowest percentage
平均：mean, average, even
There is a huge gap between… and …
This trend represents a sharp break with…
趋势：trend, tendency, inclination
趋势逆转：the trends began to reverse, with a rebound
稳定的过程：a stable period can be seen, level off
分别：respectively
未显示记录数据：they did not record the smallest percentages for any of the items
数据：figure, value, recorded figures
归类：be grouped into five categories, Be further divided into
集中于：go to, be channeled to
开场：generally speaking, comparatively speaking, in a sense/way, in some cases, currently, currently, obviously, undoubtedly
总结：in conclusion, in short, in brief, in summary, on the whole, to sum up, to conclude, in a word 转折：while, whereas, however, on the other hand, nevertheless
至于：with regard to/in regard of, in the aspect of, as for, in relation to, with respect to
原因：because of, owing to, due to, on account of , on the ground of, on grounds of, as a result of, by reason of
结果：thus, consequently, hence, therefore, accordingly, as a result, resulting in, for this reason, as a consequence, on that account, it fallows that
强调：chiefly, especially, indeed, particularly, above all, most important of all, needless to say 列举：to begin with, in the first place, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more, for one thing…for another
举例：for example/instance, as an example, as a case in point, as an illustration, that is
让步：although, even if, even though, despite the fact that, in spite of, admittedly, granted that 更清楚的说：to make the picture clearer
The second graph throws a new light on the situation.The picture was slightly different.Compiled by the UN
比较：
相同：a likeness, a similarity, be equal to, similarly, equally, likewise, in like manner,resemble that of the first group
不同：a variation, dissimilar, a dissimilarity
相反：contrary to, conversely, by contraries, on the contrary, instead, be the other way round of… 完全相反：to be diametrically opposed to
相比：compared with, in comparison with, relative to the other two groups, by contrast(with), as compared to , to compare with
和…形成对比：in contrast(with/to)
与…形成对照：to be a contrast to, to contrast with
把…与比较（相同点）：to compare…with
把…与比较（不同点）：to contrast…with
比…好：be superior to
比…差：be inferior to
与…相比显得破旧：to look shabby at the side of
比…重5磅：to outweigh…by 5 pounds
比…高一个头：to be a head above
无法相比：there is no comparison between
使相形见绌：to dwarf
比…高：to tower over
超过：to transcend, to rival, to surpass
等高：to be level with
中等以下：below the average
认为，持某种观点的说法:
Argue, claim, contend, declare, hold, insist, maintain, proclaim, state, understand, advocate Argue for, argue against, hold the view, point out, stick to, cling to
陈述个人见解:Personally, I prefer…
For my part, I choose…
As for me,…
To my mind,…
As far as I am concerned, this proposal…
To be frank, I would like to…
After considering/pondering the issue,…
After close inspection/examination,…
I am convinced that…
I firmly believe that…
I tend to think that…
I strongly approve of …
陈述大众观点
People argue that…
It is understood that…
It is generally accepted that…
反对意见:
I am unconvinced that…
It is hard to accept that…
There is little evidence to support that…
It is unjustifiable to say that…
肯定语气:
Absolutely, altogether, beyond any doubt, out of question, beyond question, undoubtedly, unquestionably
不确定:
It is quite likely that…
It remains to be seen…
Presumably
引入另一个论据:
Strangely/curiously enough…
As a matter of fact…
Surprisingly as it may seem….条件:
In any case(无论如何), in case of = in the event of(万一), irrespective of = regardless of, provided that(除非，如果)
议论文句式:There is no consensus of opinions among people as to the view of …
I can think of no better illustration of the view than my own experience…
My personal experience leads me to conclude that…
In the past few years, there has been a growing trend that…
People have conflicting views of this fact…
As for what I think, sth has wide application.Therefore, we have no reason to make a fuss about…
It has found an immediate welcome and much popularity.With the passage of time, it will show more profound significance.Sth plays a vital role in people’s life, and it deserves further attention from authorities.At present/presently/currently people in ever-increasing numbers are coming/beginning to believe/recognize/realize that…
Among the most convincing reasons cited/identified by people for…, one should be stressed/emphasized…
The change mainly/partly results from/arises from the fact that…
Another contributing/contributory factor of….It will exert/exercise a far-reaching/disastrous effect on…
It may give rise to a set of problems, a drastic/sweeping change in….It has now drawn public/nationwide attention to the issue of…
But people are taking a fresh look at it.But when we applaud its benefits, we must acknowledge its enormous potential to affect us.Measures must be taken to solve the problem.It is time that we placed/laid considerable special emphasis on…
There is no denying that adequate attention must be devoted to the problem.There is very little chance that…unless there is an immediate action/common realization of… It is recommended that continuous efforts should be made to halt the dangerous growth of… Anyhow, wider publicity should be given to the serious possible potential…
It is no easy task to find the reason for this complicated phenomenon which involves several factors.Good as this is… it has it own disadvantages.The situation is not isolated;it is typical of dozens I have encountered.There is a public controversy over the issue of…
To conclude, I would say that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages/its gain outweigh its loss/carry more weight than those of...While taking advantage of…, we must try to find ways to reduce its disadvantage to a minimum so as to let it serve out purpose better.It is essential for us to try to decide whether it is a blessing or a curse.As opposed to/contrary to widely held/accepted belief, I argue that…
To assume/suggest that …is far from being proved/ to miss the point.Logical/valid/sound as these arguments and I whole-heartedly agree with them, they appear insignificant when…is taken into account.There is an element of truth in these arguments/statements, but they ignore a deeper and more essential fact that…
However logical/valid the argument may be, they only skim the surface of the problem.You don’t have to look very far to see the truth/validity of this proposition.On the face of it/on the surface/at first thought, it may seem a sound solution, but carefully weighing on the mind/on closer analysis/on second thoughts, we find that…
第三篇：英语四级写作常用短语
英语四级写作常用短语汇总
a series of 一系列一连串 above all 首先尤其是
*He loves music，and above all classical music．他喜欢音乐，尤其是古典音乐。
*Never waste anything，but above all never waste time．任何东西都不可浪费，尤其不可浪费时间。after all 毕竟究竟
*After all，he is your father．他毕竟是你的父亲。
*Don't get discouraged by setbacks；we are new to the work after all．别因挫折而灰心，这工作对我们来说毕竟还是新的。
*Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had too much homework，but he went after all．虽然鲍勃因有太多的家庭作业而认为不能参加聚会，但他终于还是去了。ahead of 在……之前
*Directly ahead of us is the royal palace.我们正前方就是皇宫.* London is about five hours ahead of New York.伦敦时间比纽约早五小时左右.ahead of time 提前
They finished the work ahead of time.他们提前完成了工作。all at once 突然,同时
*All at once she decided she wasn't going．She didn't explain why．她突然决定不去了，她没有讲明理由。*All at once we heard a shot and the soldier fell to the ground．突然我们听到枪声，接着士兵就倒下去了。*She couldn't tell them more about the accident．Everything just seemed to have happened all at once．她不可能向他们讲述更多的事情，一切都似乎是同时发生的。all but 几乎 除了….都
*The shipwrecked people were rescued all but one．船只失事，遇难者除一人以外全部得救。*He was all but bankrupt and couldn't help us．他几乎破产了，不能帮助我们。*The girl was all but run over by the car．那女孩差点被那辆小汽车压过去。all of a sudden突然
*All of a sudden a man burst out of the building，and made off down the road．突然，一个人从大楼里冲出来，沿着大路逃跑
*All of a sudden the lights went out.突然灯灭了。all over 遍及
*The game is all over.比赛已全部结束。
*I looked all over for my ball pen.我到处寻找我的圆珠笔。all the time 一直，始终
*Conditions are changing all the time.情况在不断地变化着。all the same 仍然照样的 一样的
*It's all the same to me whether he comes or not．他来不来对我都无所谓。*A heavy snow was falling，but we got there in time all the same．当时正下大雪，但我们还是准时到了那里。He's a bit naughty, but I like him all the same.他有点顽皮, 可是我还是喜欢他。as regards 关于至于
*As regards attending the meeting，I haven't decided yet．关于那个会议，我还没有决定是否参加。*He was always secretive as regards his family．关于他的家庭情况，他总是守口如瓶。anything but 决不，根本不
*The task was anything but easy．这工作决不容易。
*Many large cities are anything but beautiful．许多大城市一点也不美。*She will do anything but that．她决不做那件事。as a matter of fact实际上事实上
*As a matter of fact，I have never heard of him． 事实上，我从没有听说过他。*He has，as a matter of fact，no real convictions．他实际上并没有真正的信念。apart from 除……之外
*Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.他除了脸部和双手受伤以外, 两条腿也断了.*Apart from these two books，he has written some plays and film scripts，除了这两本书外，他还写了一些剧本和电影脚本。as a rule 通常照例
*As a rule，he gets up at five o'clock and does morning exercises in the park．他通常5点起床，在公园里做早操。
*When does he come as a rule？通常他什么时候来？
*As a rule, we get up about six o'clock.我们通常六点左右起床。as a result(of)因此由于
*As a result he remained unknown and lived away from his family for more than 20 years．结果，他隐姓埋名，远离家人达20多年。
*He refused to have medical attention in the early stages of his complaint，and as a result he became seriously ill．他在得病初期拒绝接受治疗，结果病情严重恶化。*He was late as a result of the snow.由于大雪他迟到了。as far as….be concerned 就…..而言
As far as we're concerned you can go whenever you want.就我们而言, 你什么时候走都行。
as far as 至于…..，直到……, 到……程度 They walked as far as the lake.他们一直走到湖边。2.尽„;就„
I'll help you as far as I can.as for 至于关于就„而言
*As for that man，he is not qualified for the job at all．至于那人，他干这项工作根本不称职。
*He likes summer，but as for me，I like winter much better．他喜欢夏天，但是对我来说，我则更喜欢冬天。
as follows 如此/下
*The regulations are as follows．规定如下。as if 好像，似乎，仿佛
She treats him as if he were a stranger.她待他如陌生人。
as good as 和------几乎一样 It was as good as new.这几乎像新的一样。
as usual 像平常一样，像往常一样，照例 As usual, she had bread and egg for breakfast.她照例吃面包和鸡蛋作早餐。
*On Sundays he gats(gots)up early as usual．星期天他照常起得很早。
*I would go home，as usual，for Christmas．跟往常一样，我将回家过圣诞节。as to 至于，关于
*As to Jack，I believe he wouldn't have said anything like that．至于杰克，我相信他不会那么说的。
*As to your final grade，that depends on your final examination．至于你的总成绩，那要根据你的期末考试而定。
all right 令人满意的 良好的 正确的
She was ill for a month, but she's all right now.她病了一个月, 但现在好了。Your answer is all right.你的回答正确。
as well 同样，也，还
*I am going to Paris and my brother is going as well．我要到巴黎去，我弟弟也去。* I'm coming to London and my sister's coming as well.我要来伦敦, 我妹妹也会来。as well as 和；同；既……又
*He went to the party as well as his sister．他和他妹妹都出席了晚会。*He was kind as well as sensible．他既懂道理又善良。aside from 除……之外
*Aside from his meagre salary，he has no other resources to fall back on依靠．除了那一点微薄的薪水，他没有别的可靠财源。
*Aside from being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill．除了是乐趣和有益的锻炼以外，游泳还是一种很有用的技能。
*It is aside from our present aims to devote too much time to this question．若在这个问题上花费过多的时间，那就偏离了我们当前的目标。at a loss 茫然，不知所措，亏本地
*He was at a loss what to do．他不知所措。
*They sold the goods at a loss.他们亏本出售了货物。at a time 一次，每次
*They learn 30 words and a passage at a time．他们一次学30个单词和一篇短文。*Take three pills at a time.每次服三粒。
at all 丝毫(不)，一点也不
*I don't agree with you at all．我完全不同意你的看法。
*There was nothing to worry about at all．完全没有什么可担心的。at all costs 不惜一切代价
*He will attain his goal at all costs．他将不惜一切代价达到目的。*We will save his life at all costs.我们将不惜任何代价挽救他生命。at all events 不管怎么，无论如何
*At all events I'll go to see her someday．有朝一日，我无论如何会去看她的。
*It may rain tomorrow，but we are going home at all events．明天可能下雨，但无论如何我们还是要回家。at all times 随时，总是
at any rate 无论怎么样，无论如何，至少
*At any rate we'll leave when it stops raining．无论如何，雨停了我们就要动身
*At any rate, the medical supplies will reach you within a week.无论如何, 医疗用品将于一星期内运到你那里。
at best至多充其量
*At best we can do only half as much as last year.我们至多只能做到去年的一半。at first 最初起初
*At first I didn't know what had happened.起先我不知道发生了什么事。at first sight 咋一看，初看起来
*At first sight，the problem seemed insoluble．乍看起来，这问题似乎无法解决。*He fell in love with her at first sight．他对她一见钟情。at hand 在手边，在附近
*The Midautumn Festival is at hand．中秋节快要到了。
*He wished more than ever to have his father at hand．他比任何时候都希望父亲就在他跟前。
*It is very convenient to have a dictionary at hand when reading． 阅读时手头有一本词典是很方便的。*He lives close at hand．他住得很近。at heart 在内心里 本质上实际上
*His manners are cold，but he is at heart a kind man．他的言谈举止有些冷淡，但实际上他心地善良。*She has your interests at heart．她常把你的利益放在心上。*She did not at heart want to do it．她心里并不想做那件事。at home 在家乡 在家内
*He was very famous at home and abroad．他在国内外都很有名。
*Americans abroad are protected by the government like Americans at home．海外的美国人如同在国内一样，受到政府的保护。at intervals 不时不时地 每隔…….*The music came from the building at intervals．音乐声从楼里不时传来。at large 大多数，未被捕获的
*The criminal is still at large．那个罪犯依然逍遥法外。
*The escaped criminal is still at large.逃走的罪犯仍然逍遥法外。at least 至少；起码
*I had not seen him for at least a week．我至少有一周没看见他了。at last 最后，终于
*At last they climbed over the mountain．他们终于翻过了这座大山。*At last they reached Shanghai.他们终于到达了上海。at length 最后，终于
*He succeeded at length．他终于成功了。
*At length there was a step forward in the negotiations．谈判终于有了进展。*He came at length．他终于来了。at most 至多不超过
at no time 从不决不，在任何时候都不 At no time should you give up studying.在任何时候你都不应放弃学习。by accident 偶然
*Columbus discovered America by accident．哥伦布偶然发现了新大陆。*I met her by accident in the street．我在街上偶然碰到了她。at one time 曾经一度同时
*This kind of wine was very popular at one time，but now it is considered too strong．这种酒曾经很受欢迎，但是现在被认为度数太高了。
*At one time we met frequently．曾经有一个时期我们经常会面。at present 目前现在
*At present he is a professor of physics．他现在是物理学教授。*We don't need any more at present．现在我们不再需要什么了。at sb’s disposal 任…….处理 at the cost of 以…..为代价
*He saved the lives of his friends at the cost of his own．他牺牲自己而挽救了朋友的生命。at the mercy of 任凭…..摆布
*She was at the mercy of her cruel husband.她任凭残酷的丈夫摆布。*A sailor is at the mercy of the weather.水手受到天气的摆布。at the moment 此刻目前
*I know the address well enough，but I can't think of it at the moment．我清楚地记得这个地址，可是这会儿怎么也想不起来了。
*I am very busy at the moment.我此刻很忙。at this rate 照此速度，这样的话
*At this rate we won't be able to afford a holiday.照这种情形看来, 我们就无法度假了。at times有时间或
*At times I saw her walking alone by the lake．我有时看到她独自在湖边散步。*At times I make mistakes when I speak English．我说英语有时有错。back and forth来回地反复地
*She walked back and forth on the path．她在小径上来回走着。
*The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹来, 树来回轻摆。before long 不久以后，很快
*The book will be published before long．这本书不久就要出版了。*I hope to hear from you before long．我希望不久就能收到你的信。beside the point 离题的不相干的 Beyond question 毫无疑问 By air通过航空途径
By all means 尽一切办法，务必 by and by 不久，迟早
*The boy said he would do his homework by and by．这男孩说他一会儿就做作业。by chance偶然地，意外地
*The apple fell by chance on Bobby's head．苹果碰巧掉在鲍比的头上。*I met Tom by chance yesterday.昨天我偶然遇见汤姆。by far最…..显然地
*He is by far the best student in this class．他显然是这个班里最优秀的学生。*This book is by far the best.这本书显然是最好的。by hand用手的，手工做的，亲自的
*The peasants use tractors to pull the plough and milk their cows by hand．农民用拖拉机耕田，用手挤奶。*The letter should be delivered by hand．此信必须由专人送去。by itself 自动地独自地
*The machine works by itself.机器自行运转。
*The farmhouse stands by itself in the fields.农舍孤零零地坐落在田间。by means of 利用，依靠
*They succeeded by means of perseverance．他们依靠坚持而成功。
*The thief entered the house by means of a ladder．小偷用一个梯子进了房间。*They succeeded by means of perseverance.他们依靠坚忍不拔而获得成功。by mistake 错误地无意地
*I took his book by mistake．我错拿了他的书。
*He put salt into his tea by mistake.他把盐误放进茶里。by no means 决不，并没有
*Our government adheres to the principle that we will by no means be the first to use nuclear weapons．我国政府坚持在任何情况下决不首先使用核武器的原则。
*I am by no means interested in the work．我对这件工作一点也不感兴趣。*He will by no means lend you the money．他决不会把钱借给你的。by oneself 单独地独自地
*She felt very sad and lonely by herself．她独自一人感到忧伤寂寞。*He painted the door by himself．他自己把门漆好了。
*The little boy went out by himself.小男孩独自一人出去了。by reason of 由于,因为
*He escaped punishment by reason of his youth.他因为年轻, 得以免除惩罚。by the way 顺便说说
*By the way，what was she doing when you saw her this morning？顺便问一下，你今天上午看见她时她在干什么？
*By the way，have you seen Harry recently？顺便问一下，你最近见到哈利了吗？
*By the way, do you have any idea where the post office is? 顺便问一下, 你知道邮局在哪儿吗? by virtue of 由于因为凭借
*He rose high in society by virtue of his talent and learning．他因其才华和学识而飞黄腾达。*He was promoted by virtue of his abilities．他凭他的能力而获得了提升。
*They won the day，but only by virtue of hard fighting．他们完全是靠艰苦奋斗才获胜的。by way of 经由，通过……方法
*She went to Canada by way of Shanghai．她经过上海去加拿大。*He said something by way of greeting．他说了几句话表示欢迎。
*I offered her a pair of shoes by way of thanks．我送她一双鞋以表谢意。due to 由于，因为，归功于
*The accident was due to careless driving．这场车祸是粗心驾驶造成的。
*What would you say inflation is mainly due to？你认为通货膨胀的主要原因是什么？ *He arrived late due to the storm．他由于暴风雨而来迟了。*Her absence was due to the storm.由于风雨交加她没来。
*His success was largely due to his hard work．他的成功在很大程度上归功于他的辛勤劳动。each other 互相
even if/though 虽然即使
*I won't mind even if he doesn't come．即使他不来，我也不介意。*I won't lose heart even if I don't succeed．即使是失败，我也不灰心。ever so非常极其
*I like it ever so much．我非常喜欢它。
*She's got ever so many books．她有好多书。*The trees are ever so green.树非常绿。every now and then 时常有时
*I meet him every now and then on the street．我时常在街上碰见他。*She comes to visit us every now and then.她时常来看望我们。every other 每隔一个的
*We have English lessons every other day．我们每隔一天上一次英语课。*I go there every other week．每隔一周我去那儿一趟。*You should write on every other line.你应该隔行写。except for 除了…..外
*Your composition is good，except for some spelling mistakes．你的作文写得不错，只是有几处拼写错误。The composition is quite good except for the spelling.这篇文章除了拼写以外, 其他都不错。face to face 面对面地
*They sat face to face with each other without a word．他们面对面坐在一起无话可谈。*They will debate face to face.他们将当面进行辩论。far from 远非远离
*Shanghai is not far from here.上海离这儿不远。
The railway station is far from here．火车站离这里很远。
*The present situation is far from satisfactory though some progress has been made．虽然取得了某些进展，但现在的形势距离称心如意还差得远。
*His explanation was far from satis factory．他的解释一点儿也不令人满意。for ever 永远
*He has decided to give up smoking for ever．他决定永远戒烟。*His name should also live for ever．他的名字亦将永垂不朽。for good 永远地，永久地
*He left the city for good.他永远地离开了那个城市。for the better好转
*The doctor felt that having a few days' rest would be for the better．医生认为休息几天较好。*The world situation is changing for the better．世界形势日趋好转。
*His state of health has changed for the better recently．近来他的健康状况好转了。for the moment 暂时目前
*Stop arguing for the moment.暂停争论。for the present 暂时目前
*They are wearied and have to suspend the work for the present．他们累了，得暂时停止工作。*I'm rather busy for the present．我眼下相当忙。
*For the present we had better wait and see．目前我们最好还是等等再说。*Let's stop doing it for the present.我们暂时停一下工作。for the sake of 为了，为了……的利益
*We must be patient for the sake of peace．为了和平，我们必须有耐心。
*For the sake of settling the matter they agreed to compromise．为了解决这个问题，他们同意妥协。for the time being暂时，目前，眼下
*We really need a new car but for the time being we'll have to continue using the old one ．我们的确需要一部新车，但目前我们还得继续用这部旧车。
*I have no time to spare for the time being．暂时我抽不出时间来。*He is getting better for the time being．眼下他身体好些了。*Let's share the room for the time being.我们暂时合住一个房间吧!from time to time 有时，偶尔
*I see him at the library from time to time．我有时在图书馆见到他。*He called at our home from time to time．他有时到我们家玩。
*From time to time we invite experts to give lectures in our department ．我们经常请专家来我们系讲课。*He went fishing from time to time.他不时去钓鱼。
hand in hand 手拉手地，联合地，密切关系
*They strolled hand in hand in the street．他们携手漫步街头。
*Theory should go hand in hand with practice．理论应当与实践相结合。
*Doctors and nurses work hand in hand to save lives．医生和护士密切合作挽救生命。head on 迎面地，正面地
*The ship struck the rocks head on．那只船迎头撞上了礁石。*The two cars crashed head on．两车迎面撞上。
heart and soul全心全意地，忠心地
soul心灵灵魂精神
*We should serve the people heart and soul．我们应该全心全意地为人民服务。
*When I played the piano，my heart and soul is in it．当我弹钢琴时，我全身心地投入了。*John plays tennis badly，but with heart and soul．约翰网球打得不好，但他打得很认真。*She wants a puppy with all her heart and soul．她极想要一条小狗。
*They were heart and soul against the new rules．他们竭力反对那些新规则。how about……
你认为„怎样(„为名词或动名词)in a hurry 匆忙，急忙
*He was in a hurry to leave．他匆 匆忙忙地离开了。
*The composition was written in a hurry；I have to go over it again.那篇作文是匆匆忙忙写出来的，我得再看一遍。
*Nothing is ever done in a hurry．匆匆忙忙是办不成事的。in case of 假如，万一，如果发生 in a moment 立刻，一会儿
I’ll come in a moment.我马上就出来。
in a sense从某种意义上说；就某种意义来说
*What you say is true in a sense．你所说的在某种意义上是对的。
*In a sense，arithmetic is a language．从某种意义上说，算术是一种语言。in a way 在某种程度上
*Your composition is well done in a way．你的作文在某种程度上写得很成功。
*I like Jane in a way，but she doesn't like me．我在某种程度上喜欢简，但是她不喜欢我。in a word 简言之，总之
in accordance with 与…一致，按照
*This is in accordance with reason．这是合乎情理的。
*His words are not in accordance with common sense．他的话不符合常识。*He did not act in accordance with the orders．他没有遵照命令办事。
*This is done in accordance with the instructions of the principal.这是依照校长指示做的。in addition 另外，加之 in addition to 除…之外(还)*In addition to English，he has to study a second foreign language．除英语外，他还得学门第2外语。*In addition to a large collection of scientific works in Chinese，our library contains many scientific books in foreign languages．我们图书馆除了藏有大批中文科技书籍之外，还有许多外文科技书籍。in advance 预先，事先 *Please pay five yuan in advance.请预付人民币5元。
*She received one month's salary in advance.她预支了一个月的工 资。*He registered for the examination well in advance．他早就报名应试了。
*The factory fulfilled the state production plan one month in advance．这个工厂提前一个月完成国家生 产计划。
in all 总共，合计
*There were in all a hundred persons present.共计有10O人参加。*There are twenty in all．总计20 个。in any case/event 无论如何,不管怎么样
*In any event I'll call you before I make a final decision．不管怎样，我在作出最后决定前会打电话给 你的。
*In any case，you must get here no later than five o'clock，无论如何，你务必5点钟前到达这里。in brief 简而言之，简单地说
*It's a long letter，but in brief，he says“No．” 这是封长信，但简单地 说，他就是“不同意。” *He gave in brief the story of the storm.他扼要地谈了风暴的情况。in charge of 对…..有责任；负责…..;管理……..in common
*We have everything in common.我 们什么都是共用的。*We have a kitchen in common.我们 的厨房是共用的。
in consequence(of)因此，由于，由于…..的原因，由于….的缘故
*In consequence of the deep snow，school will not open today．由于雪很深，学校今天停课。
*In consequence of your bad behaviour I'm forced to dismiss you．由于你行为不轨，我只好解雇你。in debt 欠款，负债
in detail 详细地，详尽地
*There isn't time to explain in detail．没有时间详细阐述。
*The teacher explained the text in detail．老师详细解释了课文。in difficulty 处于困境中 in effect 实际上，事实上
*The two methods are in effect identical．这两种方法实际上是一样的。in general 一般来说，大体上
*In general，your suggestion is good．你的建议总的来说是好的。
*The weather in Florida is warm in general．佛罗里达的天气通常是温暖的。*In general，the bus is here by 9 a．m．通常公共汽车是9点前到达这里。in favor of 支持；赞成…….*Are you in favour of the proposal？你赞成这个建议吗？ *The students were in favour of reform．学生们都赞成改革。
*Everyone in the class voted in favour of the dancing party．班里的每个人都投票赞成开舞会。in front of 在…..的前面；面对…….*A large tree stands in front of his house．他的房前长有一棵大树。in half 分成两半
*The party is likely to split in half．这个党有可能分裂成两派。*The cake was cut in half．饼子被切成了两半。in hand 在手头的，在控制中的 We have the necessary tools in hand.我们手边有各式工具可使用。We have the problem in hand.问题已在我们掌握中。in honor of 为纪念，为庆祝
*We celebrate Mother's Day in honour of our mothers．我们庆祝母亲节是对母亲表示敬意。
*The city dedicated a monument in honour of the general．该市为对这位将军表示敬意建造了一个纪念碑。*A great banquet was held in honour of our distinguished guests．我们为贵宾举行了一次盛大的宴会。in itself 本质上，就其本身而言 in line with 符合，与…..一致
*In line with the customs of the school，the students had a holiday between Christmas and New Year's Day．根据学校的惯例，在圣诞节和新年期间学生放假。
*Students often work in factories in line with the Party's policy of combining education with productive labour．根据党的教育与生产劳动相结合的方针，学生们常常去工厂劳动。in memory of 纪念……
*They are going to erect a monument in memory of the men who laid down their lives in defense of their country．他们将树碑纪念为保卫祖国而献身的人们。
*A monument has been erected in memory of their beloved teacher．为了纪念他们敬爱的老师，他们已经树起了一块纪念碑。in no case 决不
in no time 立即地，很快地
*With a pair of scissors，she can turn out a beautiful design in no time．用一把剪刀，她可以立即剪出一个美丽的花样来。
*Take this medicine，and it will cure you in no time．吃了这种药，你的病马上就会好的。*They finished the work in no time at all．他们立刻完成了这项工作。in no way 决不
*Your plan is in no way different from ours．你们的计划与我们的计划并没有什么不同。*He is in no way superior to me in knowledge．他在知识方面并不比我强。*She is in no way to blame．她完全不应该受责备。in order按顺序，按次序
*Put these words in alphabetical order.把这些字按字母表顺序排列起来.*He put his papers in order before he left the office．离开办公室前，他把文件整理好。in other words 换言之，换句话说 in part 在某种程度上，部分地
*His success is in part owing to luck．他的成功在某种程度上是由于走运。
*It is in part your own fault that you have failed．你的失败有一部分是你自己的过错造成的。in particular 特殊地，特别地
*I remember one of them in particular．我特别记住了他们之中的一位。
*I am interested in stories in general，and in detective stories in particular．我总的来说对小说感兴趣，尤其是对侦探小说感兴趣。
*Are you doing anything in particular tonight？你今晚有什么特别的事要做吗？
*There are so many books here．Why do you like that one in particular？这里有这么多书，你为什么特别喜欢那一本？
in person 亲自，本人
*Will you apply for the position by letter or in person？你申请那个工作是亲自去还是写信去？
*I can't attend the meeting in person，but I'll send someone to speak for me．我不能亲自出席会议，但是我将派人替我发言。
*You had better go and speak to him in person．你最好亲自去跟他谈。in place 在合适的位置 适当的suitable *She likes to have everything in place．她喜欢把什么事都安排得井井有条。*We don't think your suggestion is quite in place．我们认为你的建议不很恰当。in place of 代替取代
in practice 在实践中，实际上
*They have rich experience in practice．他们有丰富的实践经验。
*Your idea sounds good but will it work in practice？你的主意很好，但它能实现吗？ in proportion to 与…..成比例；相称
*Each man's pay will be in proportion to his work．每个人的报酬将与其工作成比例。
*His expenditure(花费，支出)is not in proportion to his income．他的支出与收入不平衡。*The house is tall in proportion to its width．按照宽度来说这房子是很高的。in quantity 大量
in question 正在谈论的/考虑的
*Where is the man in question？ 刚刚谈到的这个人在哪儿？
*Here are the two students in question．这就是我们所谈到的两个学生。*The book in question was published in 1990．该书是1990年出版的。in public 公开地，当众地
*Don't quarrel with each other in public，will you？不要在大庭广众之下吵架，好不好？ *He is nervous in public．他在公开场合很紧张。
*He doesn't like to speak in public．他不愿当众讲话。in regard to 关于，至于，就……而言 in relation to 关于，涉及 in return 作为报答/回报
in return for 作为对……报答 in short 简而言之，总之
*In short，he is a promising young man and has a bright future．总之，他是一个有希望、有前途的青年。*In short，we must be prepared．总之，我们要有所准备。
*In short，finishing the job is not so easy as you may think．总之，完成这工作不是你想象的那么容易。in sight 看得见，出现，在望
*There was not a ship in sight．看不到一只船。
*A ship came in sight from the horizon．天际出现了一条船。*Peace is now in sight．现在和平有望。
*With success in sight they all felt jubilant．成功在望，他们都欢天喜地。in spite of 尽管，不管，虽然有…..*In spite of the bad storm John delivered his papers on time．虽然天下暴雨，约翰仍按时投递报纸。
*In spite of the rainy weather，the streets were full of people on May Day．五一节那天，尽管下雨，街上还是挤满了人。
*He succeeded in the end in spite of the immense difficulties．尽管困难重重，他最终还是成功了。in step 齐步，一致
in tears 流着泪，含着泪
in the course of 在…….期间/过程中 in the distance 在远处
*A small house can be seen in the distance．远处可以看到一幢小房子 in the end 最后，终于
*They reached the top of the mountain in the end．他们最后爬到了山顶。*He succeeded in the end．最后他成功了。in the event of 如果….发生，万一…….in the face of 纵然(纵然：即使)；面对 in the first place 首先
*You cannot go swimming．In the first place，the water is too cold；and in the second place，there is no enough time before dinner．你不能去游泳。第一，水太冷；第二，晚饭前没有足够的时间。*In the first place，students should study hard．首先，学生应该努力读书。in the future 在未来，在将来 in the least 一点(不)，丝毫(不)*Mike was not upset in the least by the storm．暴风雨一点也没有使迈克感到焦虑不安。in(the)light of 鉴于，由于，根据 in the way 妨碍，阻挡
*Fred tried to get to the door，but the table was in the way．弗雷德试图走近大门，可是桌子挡住了去路。*I will visit you on Sunday，if there is nothing in the way．如果没有什么妨碍的话，我将在星期日去拜访你。*They are very busy now，so let's take our leave quickly，otherwise we'll be in the way．他们眼下正忙着，我们还是快走吧，要不就碍事了。in the world 在世界上 in the world/on earth 究竟，到底
*Who in the world is that fellow？那人究竟是谁？
*Where in the world did you find that necklace？你究竟是在哪儿发现这根项链的？
*He didn't understand what on earth the teacher meant．他不能理解老师究竟说了些什么。in time 及时
*We got to the station just in time to catch the train．我们及时赶到火车站乘上火车。
*You can rest assured that we'll finish the work in time．你放心吧，我们一定按时完成任务。*The doctor came in time to save his life．医生及时前来挽救他的生命。in touch 在……附近，联系，接触 in turn 依次，轮流
*Each man in turn got up and spoke．每个人依次站起来发言。*I'll see you all in turn．我将一个一个地去看望你们大家。in vain 徒劳地，无效地
*He passed his life in vain．他虚度了一生。
*All the doctor's efforts were in vain and the man soon died．医生所有的努力都无效，那个人很快就死了。instead of 代替，取代，而不是
*Shall we have fish instead of meat today？我们今天吃鱼不吃肉好吗？ *I will go instead of you．我将代替你去。
*Let's play cards instead of watching television.咱们玩纸牌吧, 别看电视了.* We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.我们有时候吃大米, 不吃土豆.* Instead of Graham, it was Peter who moved in.搬进来的不是格雷厄姆, 而是彼得.just now 眼下，刚才
*Mr．Johnson isn't here just now．Will you please phone back later？约翰逊先生现在不在这儿。你过一会儿回电话好吗？
*He came in just now；he is probably upstairs．他刚才进来过，现在可能在楼上。little by little 渐渐地，逐渐地
*He learned to cook little by little．他慢慢学会了做菜。*He has become rich little by little．他渐渐富裕起来了。
*John hadn't been able to quit smoking suddenly；he had to control his smoking desire little by little．约翰不能立即把烟戒掉，他得慢慢地控制烟瘾。lots of 许多的..., 大量的...many a 许多(的)*Many a student likes to read this magazine．很多学生喜欢读这本杂志。
*Many a day was spent preparing the new textbooks．好多天时间花在编写新的教科书上。more or less 或多或少，多少有点，大约
*The road runs more or less parallel to the Bell Street．这条路基本上是和贝尔大街平行的。
*By September we knew more or less what our income would be for the whole year．到9月份，我们就大概知道了我们全年的收入是多少。
*It's a mile，more or less，from his home to school．从他家到学校大约有一英里远 next door 隔壁，隔壁的
* The manager's office is just next door.经理办公室就在隔壁.*Next door to us there's a couple from the USA.我们隔壁住着来自美国的一对夫妇.no doubt 无疑地
*No doubt I will succeed in the end.我确信我最终会成功。
*No doubt Susan was the smartest girl in her class．无疑苏珊是她班上最聪明的学生。no less than 不少于…..;不亚于…..;与…..一样
*There was no less than thirty dollars in the drawer．抽屉里少说也有30美元。*This boy is no less clever than that one．这个男孩与那个男孩一样聪明。no longer 不再
*He is no longer living here．他已不住在这里了。*Now this great stretch of lowland no longer faces the menace of flood．现在，这一大片洼地已不再受洪水的威胁了。
no more 不再；死去，不复存在
*His voice is heard no more．他的声音再也听不见了。*Time lost will return no more．失去的时间不会再来。
*The barren hills are no more；all around there are fruit trees．荒山不见了，到处都是果树。*The ancient city Troy is no more．古城特洛伊已不存在了。*The great leader is no more．这位伟大的领袖已去世了。no more than 至多，不多于，只有
*There was no more than thirty dollars in the drawer．抽屉里只有30美元。
*She was no more than an ordinary worker but she has invented a lot of new machines．她只不过是一个普通的工人，然而她却发明了许多新机器。none other than 不是别人而正是…….The new arrival is none other than the President.刚来的不是别人正是总统。on one’s guard 警惕，小心
You have to be on your guard in this situation.在这种情况下你要小心。nothing but 只有，只不过
*Nothing but a miracle can save her life.只有奇迹才能挽救她的生命。*It，s nothing but an ordinary watch．这只是块普通的表。
*He had nothing but a cup of tea this morning．他早上只喝了杯茶。now and then 时而，偶尔
*Now and then he goes to a ball game．他偶尔去看看球赛。
*Now and then Larry and his wife go out to dinner at an expensive firstrate restaurant．拉里和他妻子偶尔去豪华饭店吃饭。
*Every now and then she would glance up at the clock．她不时抬头看看钟。off and on 断断续续地
*It rained off and on all day．雨断断续续地下了一整天。
*He wrote to a girl in London off and on for several years．他与伦敦的一位姑娘断断续续地通了几年信。*We don't go to the theatre regularly，just off and on．我们不常去看戏，只是偶尔看看罢了。off duty 下班，下班的
*He is off duty today．他今天不值班。
*It seems that all the taxis in New York are off duty whenever it rains．雨天，纽约所有的出租车似乎都休息了。
*He usually comes off duty at 5 p.m.他通常下午五点下班。on a large/small scale 大规模地/ 小规模地 They are preparing for war on a large scale.他们正在大规模地备战。on account of 因为，由于
*The picnic was held indoors on account of the rain．由于天下雨，野餐在室内进行。
*Flights were delayed two hours on account of the thick fog．由于大雾，班机推迟了两小时。*Bill cannot come to the meeting on account of illness.比尔因病不能到会。on an/the average平均，通常
*On an average Don's mother has to ask him three times before he helps wash dishes．通常唐的母亲叫他3遍他才帮助洗盘子。
*On the average the machine turns out one bottle every two seconds．这台机器平均每两秒钟生产1只瓶子。on behalf of 代表，为了…….的利益
*John accepted the championship award on behalf of the team．约翰代表球队领取冠军奖。
*He rendered many valuable services on behalf of justice and freedom．他为正义和自由做了许多有意义的事情。*They worked hard all their lives on behalf of the poor．他们毕生为穷人的利益而辛劳。on board 在船上、车上
*A ship was leaving the harbor，and we saw the people on board waving．船缓缓地离开港口，我们看见船上的人在挥手。
*Jack wasn't on board the ship when it sailed．启航时，杰克不在船上。on business 为了生意，为了公事
*Are you here on business or for pleasure？你来这儿是有事还是消遣呢？
*The secretary told the visitor that the manager was out on business．秘书告诉来访者说经理出差去了。on condition that 假如，在……条件下
*I will lend you the money on condition that you pay it back in one month．假如你在一个月内能还我钱，我就借给你。
*You can go there on condition that you don't come back late for dinner．你可以去那儿，条件是回来吃饭不能太晚。
on duty 上班，值班
*Don't talk with him． He's on duty now．不要跟他说话，他正在值班。*Policemen are not allowed to smoke while on duty．警察上班时不许吸烟。*I usually go on duty at 8 a.m.我通常上午八点上班。on foot 步行，在进行中
*Sally's bicycle broke and she had to return home on foot．萨莉的自行车坏了，她只好步行回家。*It is a new scheme on foot.这是项正在实行的新计划。on guard 警惕，警戒
*The police warned people to be on guard for pickpockets during the Christmas rush．警察警告人们在圣诞购物高潮时谨防小偷。
*Be always on guard against complacency．要时时警惕自满情绪。on hand 在场，在手头
There weren't enough snacks on hand for the party.现有宴会的点心不够用。
We have plenty of money on hand to pay for the snacks.我们手边有很多钱可以买零嘴。
We have nobody on hand to repair your car.我们现在没有人能修你的车。on occasion(s)有时，偶尔
*I meet him on occasion at the club or in the theatre．我在俱乐部或戏院里有时能遇到他。*On occasion we feel like celebrating and have a party．我们有时喜欢来个聚会庆贺一番。on one’s own 独立，独自
*You are allowed to drive a car on your own．允许你独自开车。*I'm all on my own today．今天只是我一个人。
*Why are you sitting all on your own？你为什么独自一个人坐在那里？ on purpose 故意地，有目的地
*Jimmy hit his little brother in the eye，but he didn't do it on purpose．杰米打了他弟弟的眼睛，但他不是故意的。
*She did not forget her coat； she left it in the locker on purpose．她并未忘记要带外衣，她是故意放在锁柜里的。
*She broke the dish on purpose just to show her anger．她故意打破那个盘子以发泄她的愤怒。on sale 出售的，廉价出售的
*These shoes are very cheap，as they are on sale．这些鞋子非常便宜，正在削价出售。
*The bookstore is to close down，and many books are on sale as waste paper．书店要关闭，所以许多书象废纸一样在廉价出售。
on schedule 按时间表，准时
*If my train is on schedule，I will be home by nine o'clock．若火车准点，我9点以前可以到家。*The train arrived on schedule.火车准时到达。on second thoughts 进一步考虑后，经重新考虑后
*On second thoughts they decided to leave London．经仔细考虑，他们决定离开伦敦。on the contrary 相反地，正相反
*He is not selfish；on the contrary，he is very noble and generous．他并不自私，恰恰相反，他是一个非常高尚而又慷慨的人。
*The teacher thought that the children went to the zoo； on the contrary，they went to the bakery． 老师以为孩子们去了动物园，恰恰相反，他们却去了面包房。on the ground of 根据，以……为理由
*On the ground of sufficient evidence he charged the young man with murder．他以充分的证据指控那个年轻人犯有谋杀罪。
*He has expressed his desire to retire on the ground of failing health．他以体力不支为由表示希望退休。on(the)one hand 在一方面 on the other hand 另一方面
on the point of 正要……的时候，正要……，在…..之际
*The baby was on the point of crying when her mother came home．婴儿正要哭时，这时妈妈回家了。
*We were on the point of calling you when your telegram arrived．我们正要给你打电话时，你的电报来了。on the road 在旅途中
*My letter will soon reach him； it is on the road．我的信正在路上，他很快就能收到。
*Jane was very sick for several weeks，but now she is on the road to recovery．简前几个星期病得很厉害，现在正在恢复中。
*Conscientious study put the student on the road to success．勤奋学习使那学生即将获得成功。on the side 此外，额外
*His job at the hospital did not pay much，so he found another on the side．他在医院工作的报酬不多，所以他另外找了一份兼职。
*If we get good profits from the farm, maybe we could start a little business on the side.要是农场的赢利多, 也许我们还可以另外做一些生意。on the spot 在场
*The police were on the spot within a few minutes of hearing about the crime．警察在接到犯罪消息的几分钟内就赶到了现场。
*The news of important events is often broadcast on the spot over television．重要事件的新闻总是通过电视立即广播。
on the whole 一般来说，大体上
*On the whole，children begin walking when they are about one year old．一般来说，小孩1岁左右开始走路。
*On the whole，men are stronger than women．一般来说，男人比女人强壮。
*On the whole our stay there was quite enjoyable．总的说来，我们待在那里是很开心的。on time 准时
*They forecast the weather accurately and on time．他们预报天气既精确又准时。
*If the train is on time，I should reach home before dark．如果火车不误点，我应该在天黑前到家。once again 再一次
once(and)for all 永远地，最后一次地 John's back home once and for all.约翰回到家, 再也不走了。once in a while 有时，偶尔
*We go for a picnic in the park once in a while．我们有时去公园里野餐。*Once in a while the puppy would run away．小狗有时也会溜出去。once more 再一次
*He asked the question once more．他再次提出这个问题。*He said he would try once more．他说他将再试一次。once upon a time 从前
*Once upon a time there dwelt a fisherman on the lakeside．从前湖边住着一个渔民。*Once upon a time there lived a king who had an ugly daughter．从前有一位国王，他有一个丑陋的女儿。one another 相互，彼此
*They gave presents to one another at Christmas．圣诞节他们互赠礼品。
*We help one another with the extra work in the summer.我们互相帮助做夏季的额外工作.or else 否则，要不然
*Do what I tell you，or else you'll be sorry．照我的话做，否则你要后悔的。*Hurry up or else you'll be late.快点, 否则你要迟到了。
*They told me to leave at once, or else.他们要我马上离开, 否则(对我不利)。*You will stay away from my girlfriend, or else.离我女朋友远点, 否则要你好看。or so 大约
*I'll return in a week or so．我大约一星期后回来。
*There will be thirty or so people at the party．约有30人左右参加聚会。other than 除了
*He never speaks to me other than to ask for something.他除了向我要东西, 从不跟我说话.* She has no close friends other than him.她除了他以外没有好朋友.*He has visited every country in Asia other than Japan．除了日本以外，他访问了所有的亚洲国家。out of 从……中
*Choose one out of these paintings．从这些画中选一幅。
*He picked the girl out of the crowd．他从人群中把这女孩挑了出来。out of breath 喘不过气来
I'm out of breath after running up the stairs.奔上楼梯我气喘吁吁。out of control 失去控制
The plane got out of control and crashed into the sea.飞机失控, 坠入大海。out of date 陈旧的，过时的
*The furniture is out of date．这家俱过时了。*Your methods have long gone out of date；you will have to modernize or risk failure．你的这些方法早已陈旧，你应当用现代化的方法，否则有失败的危险。
*He was out of favor in Paris and went to London．他在巴黎不受欢迎就到伦敦去了。*Your idea has gone out of date.你的观念已经过时了。out of doors 在户外
It's cold out of doors.外面很冷。out of order 次序混乱的，出故障的
*The room was out of order．整个房间乱七八糟。
*I checked the papers that were to be printed and noticed that one or two were out of order．我检查要印的文件，发现有一两处次序混乱。
out of place 位置不对的，不适当的
*Your books are out of place．你的书放错了位置。
*It was out of place for Russsell to laugh at the old lady．拉赛尔取笑这位老太是不对的。*His remarks were a bit out of place.他的话有点不恰当。
out of practice 久而不练的，荒疏的
She has been out of practice on the piano for a whole year.她已整整一年没有练钢琴了。out of sight 看不见的，在视野外的，十全十美的，好极的 *The plane was soon out of sight．飞机很快就看不见了。
*That birthday gift was really out of sight.那件生日礼物实在是太棒了。*His new sports car is really out of sight.他的新跑车实在太棒了。out of sight and out of mind 眼不见，心不烦 out of the question 不可能的
*To get there before seven is out of the question．7点以前赶到那儿是不可能的。*What you say is out of the question．你说的那事是办不到的。
*An expensive holiday abroad was out of the question on his salary．按他的工资水平，要花很多钱去国外度假是不可能的。
out of touch 不联系，不接触
*Fred has got out of touch with people in his hometown．弗雷德与他家乡人失去了联系。over and over(again)一再地，再三地
*I've warned you over and over again not to do that.我一再地警告你不要去做。prior to 在…..之前，居先
prior优先的，在前的
*He called on me prior to his departure．他临行前来看了我。quite a few 相当多，许多
*We didn't expect many to be present but quite a few people came to the meeting．我们并未指望有多少人出席，但还是很多人来参加了会议。
*Quite a few of the students were late.不少学生迟到了。
rather than 不是….(而是)，不愿，不要;与其说倒不如说
*I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.我想喝冷饮, 不想喝咖啡.regardless of 不顾，不管
*Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.他不顾危险地爬上了高塔。right away 立即，马上
*I'm sorry I forgot to bring your medicine down；I'll go upstairs and get it right away．很抱歉我忘记把药给你拿下来了，我马上上楼给你拿来。
*She says that dinner will be ready right away．她说晚饭马上就准备好了。side by side 在一起，肩并肩
*The two boys played side by side all afternoon．这两个男孩整个下午一直在一起玩。
*We must stand side by side in our days of trouble．在困难的日子里，我们一定要并肩站在一起。so far 迄今为止，到目前为止
*So far no further news had been obtained．至今没有得到进一步的消息。*The weather has been hot so far this summer．今年夏天天气一直很热。sooner or later 迟早，早晚
*You will repent it sooner or later．你迟早会后悔的。
*Although people would like to live forever，everyone has to die sooner or later．虽然人们都想永远活下去，但是每个人最终都是要死的。step by step逐步地
*Step by step I'll learn to do the work．我将逐步地学会干这项工作。
*A foreign language can't be learned rapidly；it must be learned step by step．学外语不能急，只能按部就班地学。
*His health is improving step by step.他的健康状况正在逐步好转。such as 例如，诸如
*Metals are such things as iron，gold and silver．金属是诸如铁、金和银这类的东西。thanks to 由于，多亏
*Thanks to your help，we succeeded．由于你的帮助，我们成功了。that is to say 换句话说，也就是说
*He runs after her；that is to say，he has fallen in love with her．他追求她，也就是说，他爱上了她。to the point 切中要害，切题
*His speech was very long and not to the point．他的演讲冗长而且不切题。under control 处于控制之下
*They have got flood waters under control．他们已使泛滥的洪水受到了控制。*I noticed that my legs are not well under control．我发觉我的两条腿不听使唤。under the circumstances 在这种情况下 up to date 最近的，最新的
*Your skirt is quite up to date．你的裙子款式是最时新的。
*Mother，you must get more up to date with modern styles！You can't wear those things．妈妈，你应该接受些时髦的东西，不能穿那些玩艺儿了。up to 直到…..;从事于，策划
*He hasn't seen any elephant up to the present day．他到现在也没有见过大象。
*Some people believe those men are spies，but no one knows what they are up to．有人认为那些人是间谍，但是没有人知道他们想干什么。
what if…..? 如果…..将会怎么样呢？，*I don't like to have you go boating in such weather．What if a storm should come up？我不想让你在这样的天气里去划船，要是刮起了大风暴怎么办？
*What if he doesn't come？We can not do without him．如果他不来怎么办？没有他，我们就无法干。what about……?
…….怎么样？ with respect to 至于，关于
*I have something to say with respect to our business．关于我们的业务，我想说几句。with regard to 至于，关于
without question 无疑的，的确的，毫无疑问的 with the exception of 除…..之外
*They passed the examination withthe exception of two．除了两人外，他们考试都通过了。word for word 逐字的，一字不差的
*Please tell me what the teacher said，word for word．请把老师的原话告诉我。
Friday, May 07, 2010
原海旺/原培旺于乔谢
本word内容参考于网络资源，经本人归纳之。
Monday, May 24, 2010
第四篇：四级补全句子经典短语例句
Talked to a stranger you meet by chance in the wood.对一个你在树林中偶然遇到的陌生人说话。
So it will have a free space to further develop, and be for certain of great significance of reality and society in the intelligence decision-making of commerce.因而具有更大的发展空间，必将在商业智能决策中产生巨大的现实意义和社会意义。
I wanted to be certain of my own wisdom by copying Solomon, who had knowledge of hyssop and of tree.我希望仿效通晓牛膝草和树木知识的所罗门王，确信自己的智慧。Now he could focus his attention on examining the strange ring.现在他可以集中注意研究这枚戒指了。
However, people should be cautious of the excessive reliance on cell phones.但是，人们也要警惕对于手机的过度依赖。In no case can we cheapen the quality of products.在任何情况下我们都不能降低产品质量。
What would happen to her in case I was ill, in case I died, or if we simply grew cold to one another? 万一我病了，万一我死了，或者如果我们只是对彼此变得冷漠了，她将会怎么样呢？
It should notify an administrator in case of a system error.在系统出错的情况下，它应该能够通知管理员。In any case, we could halve the benefit.在任何情况下我们都将利益均分。
For Texas to thrive, it must be capable of fostering talent and innovation, not simply importing it.德州要想长期繁荣，必须能够孵育人才和创新，而不只是从外部引进。Amy wants to buy a car for $500 dollars.She has her head in the clouds.艾米希望花500美元买一辆小汽车，她肯定是发傻了，一辆小汽车的价钱当然不止500美元。
I'd have been lost but for you.要不是你，我就走迷路了。Jack was the last but one to arrive.杰克是倒数第二个到达的。
Her mother is busy cooking in the kitchen.她的母亲正在厨房忙着做饭。I will be off on business this week or next.我将在这星期或下星期出差。
All participants had the same right to take the floor.所有的与会者都有同等的发言权。
So I prepare my food in bulk(for 3-6 days in advance), and eat the same meals all week.因此我整批的准备好菜肴（提前三到六天），一周下来都吃同样的菜。In brief, the world is in deep recession.简言之，世界正陷入深度衰退。
When I hurried to school, I was almost out of breath.当我赶到学校时几乎是上气不接下气。
“I cannot boast of much success in acquiring the reality of this virtue, but I had a good deal with regard to the appearance of it,” he wrote.“我不能自夸自己多么成功的延续了这项美德，但是我对应付这个问题还是有一套的。” 他写道。
His favorite fruits and vegetables as well as 55 lb.of bamboo will be on board for nourishment.除了它最喜爱的水果和蔬菜以外还有55磅的竹子将会作为它在飞机上的食物。From then on，the rose has been in blossom in my heart, sending off fragrance in my dream.从此，玫瑰在我的心中盛开、在我的梦中飘香。No, I don't blame him for it.不，我并不为那事责怪他。
The Indian media and political class sought to blame everything on Pakistan.印度媒体和政府都把这一切归咎于巴基斯坦。His illness has taken a turn for the better.他的病有了好转。
And I didn’t want my emotions to get the better of me.我也不想让自己受到情感的左右。Law is established for the benefit of man.法是为人类利益而制定的。
But how can your project teams benefit from the architecture? 但项目团队如何从该体系结构受益呢？ I don't believe in everything the Bible says.我不相信《圣经》中的每一句话。
And on behalf of the American people, I thank the many world leaders who have called to offer their condolences and assistance.在此，我还代表美国人民，向对此事表示哀悼和伸出援助之手的世界各国的领导人表示诚挚的感谢。
To begin with, the government must act with conviction, rather than wish the problem away.首先，政府行动时必须要有坚定的信心而不是希望问题自己解决。She beat me at tennis.她打网球赢了我。
Statement should be made on the basis of fact.说话要有根据。
The plan of our country is based on a rising economy.我国的计划建立在不断发展的经济的基础上。
If I had heard someone said rotten things behind my back, I’d erupt.Go crazy.如果我听到有人在我背后将我坏话，我会爆发，会发疯。When did you decide to turn your back on me? 你什么时候决定要 背叛 我的？ There must be someone at his back.他后面一定有人在撑腰。
And we have to be aware of that, and not let it control us.我们必须意识到这一点，而不是让它控制我们。On the average, oceans are two and one third miles deep.海洋的平均深度为二又三分之一英里。one may attribute the change to… 人们可能把这一变化归因于… What is your attitude to smoking? 你对抽烟的态度是怎样的？
For each point of focus, really attend to what you notice.在每一个关注点，专心于你所注意到的。
Adieu, good queen;I must attend on Caesar.我是您的永远的仆人。再会，好女王；我必须侍候凯撒去。
Another way of looking at this is to make an attempt at discovering the authorial intent.看待这个问题的另一种方法是试着发掘作者的意图。Ok.Please wrap it as a gift and attach a ribbon to it.好吧。请给我包装成礼物，并系上蝴蝶结。They tried to assure him of their willingness to work.他们尽力向他保证他们愿意工作。I am ashamed of you!我都会你害臊！
Please arrange for two gangs to do overtime work in Holds No2 and No3 tonight.请安排两个工班今天晚上在二舱和三舱加班。Accidents often arise from carelessness.意外事故常起因于粗心大意。I approve of your choice.我赞成你的抉择。
This should apply to any project.这应该应用于任何项目。
An objective is a goal, and many employers want to know your employment goal when you apply to work for them.目标就是目的，很多的雇主都想要知道员工们在申请这份工作的目的。Obama may also appeal to Beijing for stronger backing to international efforts aimed at Iran's nuclear ambitions.奥巴马还呼吁中国更多支持国际对伊朗核计划的打压。You must apologize to him for your fault.你必须为你的过失向他道歉。
They may be angry or anxious about dealing with other patients.他们可能对应付其他患者感到愤怒或焦虑。Your goals are the answer to what you achieve 你的目标是适应你所抵达的地方
This title will work in site of client and take charge for site safety audit and other jobs.本职位将工作在客户现场，负责现场安全审核及其它工作。The variations in DNA amount to misspellings in the genetic code.DNA变化相当于“拼错”了遗传密码，改变了三种基因的活动。The figures do not allow for the higher tax that graduates pay.这些数据并没有考虑到大学毕业生要支付更高税率。After all，I am defeated by him.我毕竟打不过他。
The guns captured will aggregate in all probability five or six hundred.所获的枪枝合计当在五六百之数。I like to swim, especially in the sea.我喜欢游泳，尤其喜欢在大海中游泳。
Meanwhile, control of Telemedia remains up in the air.同时，电讯传媒的控制权仍然悬而未决。Her medical course was completed ahead of time.她的医学课程提前完成了 He nodded in agreement with me.他点头表示同意我的意见。Yes, I agree with you.是的.我同意你的说法.It rushed to Poland to take advantage of cheap costs.该公司曾奔向波兰，利用那里成本低廉的优势。The expansive training introduced into university will certainly have a greater advantage over textbook education in terms of students“ quality education.” 将拓展训练引入高等院校，对学生的素质教育远远胜过纯粹书本的教育 They have the advantage of working across folders and projects so they are useful for a broad classification.它们有在不同文件夹及项目之间工作的优势，这样对于广泛地分类就更加有用了。
She thought, he must have ordered roses in advance before this day.她想，一定是丈夫在情人节前提前预订了这些玫瑰。The rules and regulations admit of no other explanation.这些规章制度不容许有其他解释。
Mr Bush has moved swiftly to try to adjust to this more hostile world.布什动作迅速，试图作出调整以适应这敌意更甚的世界。We were close to when it happened.事情发生时我们正在附近。
In addition to all being in one room, all the students shared one teacher.除了共处一间教室之外，所有的学生也共同拥有一位老师。I can easily adapt myself to any surroundings.我很容易适应我周遭的任何环境。Give me an account of your behavior.请对你的行为作出解释。
Instead, I am stimulated at the thought of going head-to-head with a billionaire high on vampires.相反，与一位对吸血鬼神魂颠倒的亿万富翁直接对抗，这个想法让我兴奋不已。I can vary the speed at will.我可以随意改变速度。
Our country is abundant in minerals.我国矿产非常丰富。
Did his brother accuse him of mailing bombs? 是他哥哥控告他邮寄炸弹的吧？
These could be used to back the guarantees on Greek debt.这些都可以被用于为担保希腊债务给予支持。
They seemed to have knowledge of counterterrorism techniques.他们似乎对反恐技术有所了解。
So finding a new model to support journalism is in the interest of society as awhole.因此，寻求一种新的模式来支持新闻业，总的来说是为了是社会的利益
第五篇：英语四级写作常用短语总结4
英语四级写作常用短语总结(4)
in sb’s/the way 妨碍（某人）的，挡（某人）道的 on the whole 总的来说，大体上
in a word 一句话，简言之，总之
in other words 换句话说，也就是说
at work 在干活，在工作；在起作用，在运转 out of work 失业
in the world 究竟，到底
动词+名词
have/gain access to 可以获得
take…into account 考虑到，顾及，体谅 take advantage of 占…的便宜，利用
pay attention to 注意
do/try one’s best 尽力，努力
get/have the best of 战胜
make the best of 充分利用
get/have the better of 战胜，在…中占上风 catch one’s breath 屏息；喘气，气喘，歇口气 take care 注意，当心
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